The GreenLeaf April 2011 by Joshua Wyrick

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

the GREENleaf

April 2011

F E AT U R E S

Endocannabinoid 16 The System – Whazzat? Dr. Edgar Suter explains the marijuana-like chemicals already present in our body

20 Seeds vs. Clones

Grow expert Kal El examines the pros and cons of each

22 Remembering Jack Herer Geoff Robbins takes a poignant look back at one of marijuana’s most vocal advocates

D E PA R T M E N T S From the Editor FYI

Are MMJ taxes really a bad thing?

From Seeds to Stash

R.J. Moss walks you through the germination stage in Part 2 of an 8-part series

Legal

COVER PHOTO COURTESY OF JEANNIE HERER

Taming the Arizona Heat How to protect your plants from Arizona’s blistering heat

Two real-life MMJ patients share their stories

Medical

Hey Man, In the Future… This month, Headley Granger reminisces about sinsemilla

Rose Law answers questions about MMJ and the law

Patient Stories

Using MMJ to cope with chronic pain

A Closer Look at Kush

Recipes

Our ganja gourmet, the Highern Chef, shares some of his favorite dishes

Billy Hayes traces the origins of this popular strain

Strain Guide

Cool Products

Fun & Games

The tale of the tape on some of the most popular MMJ strains

A Sensible Plan for Tucson A Tucson MMJ advocate is moved to action

32 APRIL 2011 | THE GREEN LEAF

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DESIGN AND PRODUCTION

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Mike R. Meyer CONTRIBUTORS

Melissa Antonelli, Kal El, Headley Granger, Michelle B. Graye, Billy Hayes, Ryan Hurley, R.J. Moss, Georgia Peschel, Geoff Robbins, Russell Stefik, Edgar Suter, Cory Tyszka, Michael Walz REQUESTS & GENERAL INQUIRIES

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Pick up the Green Leaf at 7-11, Safeway, Whole Foods, Sunflower Market, Fresh & Easy, smoke shops, hydro stores, recommending doctor offices, and in over 350 retail locations across Arizona.

FROM THE EDITOR

hanks for picking up the April issue of The Green Leaf. This is shaping up to be the busiest month yet for the Arizona medical marijuana industry. The Arizona Department of Health Services released its final draft of MMJ rules on March 28, after this issue went to print. While we haven’t seen the final draft yet, it’s probably safe to assume that there will still be some MMJ patients, doctors, advocates and potential dispensary owners left unsatisfied by the final draft rules. Thus, the lawsuit watch has officially begun. Which provisions of the final draft rules will be challenged in court? How will the rules stand up to judicial scrutiny? The next few months should provide the answers. With the rules officially in place, ADHS will begin processing patients’ requests for MMJ cards on April 14, which coincides with the start of the Green Relief MMJ expo in Glendale. And then, of course, comes April 20. It’s a date (and time) that has held special significance for marijuana advocates for many years, and this year is no exception. CAMP 420 is holding a rally at noon at the state capitol, but it’s worth noting that their website suggests wearing “professional attire.” We wholeheartedly support this suggestion. April 20 is the perfect opportunity to let your fellow Arizonans know that medical marijuana isn’t about hippies and drum circles. It’s about relief for sick patients. This year, make it a point to start a rational conversation with someone about the very real benefits of MMJ. Thanks again for reading and have a fantastic April!

Mike R.Meyer Editor

APRIL MMJ EVENTS Saturday, April 9, 3 p.m. Arizona Association of Dispensaries Public Meeting (AZAOD) Club Red, 2155 E. University Dr., Tempe

Saturday, April 9, 3 p.m. Tucson NORML Meeting Ward 6 City Council Office, 3202 E. First St., Tucson

Thursday, April 14 -- Saturday, April 16 Green Relief Medical Marijuana Convention & Expo Renaissance Glendale Hotel & Spa, 9495 W. Coyotes Blvd., Glendale

Friday, April 15 – Sunday, April 17 GreenStock Expo & Concert Scottsdale Waterfront, 7114 E. Stetson Dr., Scottsdale

Wednesday, April 20, noon Camp 420 Rally Arizona State Capitol, 1800 W. Washington St., Phoenix

Wednesday, April 20 AZAOD celebrates 4/20 with Arizona’s First MMJ Industry Party ‘United We Stand’ @ Club Red Doors open at 8 pm, bands, Dj’s, giveaways. Info at azaod.com. Club Red 2155 E. University Dr., Tempe

Wednesday, April 20, 7 p.m. Phoenix NORML Meeting The Firehouse Gallery, 1015 N. First St., Phoenix

APRIL 2011 | THE GREEN LEAF

FYI MARIJUANA

BY MICHAEL WALZ, POTLAWYER.COM

Are Taxes on MMJ Really a Bad Thing?

n 1996, a cannabis dealer’s license was available through the Arizona Department of Revenue for $100. The then-existing law required tax stamps to be affixed to the product before sale to the consumer. Because a magistrate determined that payment of the tax constituted punishment, a case was dismissed in which a dealer actually complied with the law. Lines of people stretched out the door of the Department of Revenue and the supply of tax stamps was quickly exhausted. The state legislature was appalled and eventually repealed this legislation. 2011 finds us with a state legislature desperately needing tax revenue but unknowing of whether taxation of marijuana should be part of the solution. One first-term legislator was heard to say, “A tax on marijuana will leave the legislature addicted.” Many patients assume that taxation of marijuana will cause the retail price of medicine to increase above street prices. However the “not-for-profit” requirement of Prop 203 should substantially affect the retail price, assuming dispensaries act in good faith and in accordance with the accounting requirements. All persons who receive money from the dispensary must earn it. This is in stark contrast to the underground drug sales. Good, old-fashioned American free-market competition will likely be the most significant factor is setting the eventual dispensary price of medical marijuana. With more than 100 authorized growing operations, we have a tremendous opportunity to set the gold standard for the highest quality product. We also have the opportunity to set the gold standard with the cheapest possible price. I suggest most patients have very limited resources. The “successful” dispensaries will concentrate on getting a high-quality product to market at prices significantly lower than street prices. One dispensary hopeful told me he expects to market prime herb for about $150 an ounce. Street price would be double or greater.

THE GREEN LEAF | APRIL 2011

Every dispensary will be in a business relationship with the state. The state is essentially the senior, majority partner. They make the rules through the Department of Health Services. They issue the license that allows the business to operate. The state’s police officers have the

“A tax on marijuana will leave the legislature addicted.” power to arrest those who violate the law as it relates to medical marijuana. If we acknowledge our relationship, shouldn’t we take steps to help our senior partner benefit from the business? Arizona is in desperate need of revenue, but direct taxation of medical marijuana by the legislature is prohibited by the Voter Protection Act. Article 4 Part 1 Section 1(6)c of the Arizona Constitution prohibits any legislative changes to a voter initiative unless such act “furthers the purposes” of the initiative. The Voter Protection Act was a voter initiative passed in 1998 as a reaction to the Legislature amending the first medical marijuana voter initiative passed in 1996. Since no one has suggested that Prop 203 was intended to raise revenue and its language tells us that the medical marijuana program was intended to be self-sufficient, the courts would likely strike down any tax imposed by the legislature. However, a voluntary tax would likely pass judicial scrutiny. Under what conditions would a dispensary applicant voluntarily pay an excise tax to the state? Answer: when it would ensure that the applicant was issued that precious license. Including a 21 percent excise tax in the business plan of the dispensary application is no longer helpful in obtaining a license, since the current proposed rules utilize a lottery. But why use a lottery when that American tradition of a competitive bidding auction is available? The bidding among “complete and in compliance” applicants could be done in percentages of excise tax rather than in dollar amounts. In theory, the qualified applicant with the most altruistic motives and the least concern for getting rich will receive the license. In CHAAs where there is only one qualified applicant, that applicant would receive a license and pay no excise tax. Rural dispensaries would become much more competitive and prices could spiral downward.

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FROM SEEDS TO STASH:

Growing Medical Marijuana,

Arizona-Style A N 8 - PA RT S E R I E S B Y R . J . M O S S

PART 2: Seeds, Seedlings and the

Nursery – Your Babies’ First Month This grower’s guide has been created to meet the specific needs of the Arizona medical marijuana grower. Earlier stories in this series are available online at www. thegreenleafaz.com.

Seed Germination

Start with twice as many seeds as the number of plants you want to grow to seedlings. Soak the seeds overnight in a covered bowl of pure water (bottled, reverse osmosis or distilled). They should start off floating and sink by morning. The seeds now need a dark, warm, moist environment. Wet a piece of paper towel with pure water and place the seeds on the paper towel, folding it over the seeds a couple of times, so they can still breathe while they drink. Place the wet paper towel into the bowl and place a plate over the top to seal in the moisture and keep out the light. Place the bowl in a warm environment, about 80 degrees or so. This could be the warm spot by your refrigerator or on top of a water heater or atop a heating pad. Check the seeds daily, ensuring that the towel stays wet. When seeds open and you see a root about a half-inch long, carefully remove it from the towel with tweezers and place it into its new home. Dispose of any seeds that haven’t germinated after 10 days.

ILLUSTRATION BY R.J. MOSS

The New Home

The germinated seeds are now ready to be planted in soil pellets or rockwool growing cubes. Place the seeds root down into the pellet, about ¼ inch below the surface. Rockwool is necessary if you decide to use a hydroponic system later. Moreover, in a hydroponics system, the rockwool cube should be soaked in distilled water before placing the rooted seed in the cube. Some Jiffy Pellets products also include a germination container to help maintain moisture around the pellets. You can also improvise and use Tupperware with some clear plastic wrap over the top. Place your incubator into a warm environment. When the seedlings begin to sprout, remove them from the incubator and place them

under fluorescent light. Your new babies will also enjoy getting misted from a spray bottle as often as possible.

Nursery Lights

For your first set of lights, buy three 150-watt compact fluorescent light bulbs with fixtures, reflectors and a timer. Start with just one light centered over the newborns, 3 to 5 inches from the top of the seedlings. Set the timer to give your babies 18 hours of light and six hours of darkness. Keep the pellets or cubes moist but not soggy. If the seedlings don’t get enough light, the stems will elongate and you’ll need to add supports.

Hydroponics or Soil?

If you have chosen to try hydroponics, you now need to check out a good local hydroponics shop, where you can be under the guidance of an experienced grower. As a qualified patient under Prop 203, you shouldn’t have to refer to your marijuana plants as “tomatoes” and buds as “flowers” when speaking with sales staff, but some shops may still be uncomfortable openly discussing marijuana growing, so it’s better remain discreet until you know your local shop’s “house rules.” Continue with this guide but confer with the hydroponics shop regarding the hydroponic unit, watering, fertilizer, pH levels and growing medium. For those who will be continuing with soil, purchase a large bag of potting soil (10 gallons) listed as containing “moisture control” so that it will protect against over-watering or under-watering. If you’re looking for an upgrade in your potting medium, gourmet dirt (containing such upgrades as bat poop) is available in the hydroponic shops. Also, procure continued on page 39

APRIL 2011 | THE GREEN LEAF

Q & A LEGAL EXPERT

BY RYAN HURLEY (ROSE LAW GROUP)

Choosing where Dispensaries will Locate

The community health analysis areas proposed by the Department of Health Services do not appear to make any economical sense when applied to the distribution of dispensaries. Instead of putting the dispensaries near their potential patients, it takes away potential operation licenses from population centers and grants them to rural areas that probably can’t use them. Moreover, when you exclude Indian lands, it leaves only 107 available CHAAs for 125 potential licenses. Finally, DHS appears to now be handling zoning and placement issues through this system, despite having no authority to do so. Does the CHAA system really promote the best method of allocating these licenses? Is this going to work?

Ah, the CHAAs. In the second draft of the regulatory rules implementing Proposition 203, DHS threw a curveball, surprising nearly

THE GREEN LEAF | APRIL 2011

everybody by introducing CHAAs to the dispensary application process. The basic concept is that the CHAAs divide the state geographically and thus will be used for the purposes of allocating dispensary licenses to applicants. There will be one license available in each CHAA, and if there are multiple applicants in any particular CHAA, DHS will award the license via random selection (i.e. a lottery). At first blush this seems like it might not be a bad idea, as it serves DHS’s stated goal of preventing patients from self-growing by ensuring dispensaries, are dispersed throughout the entire state. It also helps ensure even the most rural patients have a dispensary relatively nearby. However, after further examination it becomes apparent that the CHAA idea is flawed at best. The primary reason for this is that the CHAA boundaries have no relationship to operating a successful medical marijuana dispensary nor are they related to population density or prospective patient demand. In fact, the CHAAs were created long ago for epidemiological research purposes. They were only selected because they already existed and because the number of CHAAs was, coincidentally, very close to the number of dispensary licenses allowed. The practical effect of implementing the CHAA map is

that the greater Phoenix area will have only about 40 licenses awarded (30 percent of available licenses), despite having more than 60 percent of the state’s population. Extremely remote CHAAs—which would have only a handful of qualifying patients—will be awarded the same number of licenses (one) as CHAAs located in the densest parts of Phoenix. In addition, several CHAAs consist wholly of Native American tribal lands, to which Prop 203 does not apply! All of this equates to a system that seems illogical at best and inequitable at worst. Still, it is highly unlikely that the CHAAs would be deemed illegal or outside of DHS’s authority. Prop 203 gives DHS express authority to determine how licenses are awarded; it does not require them to do this well. Thus, the legal review standard would be extremely low: the regulation must only have some relation to a valid purpose. Here DHS would say that the purpose is to provide all areas of the state access to a dispensary. It seems the CHAAs are here to stay if DHS wants them. Hopefully the massive opposition to this idea wins the day and DHS develops a more rational approach. Submit questions to the expert at thegreenleafaz.com/experts

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Taming the

Arizona

As most of us already know, it gets hot in Arizona. With summer fast approaching, now would be a good time to discuss how to handle the heat in your grow room.

Indoor growing will require lights, and generally they are highintensity discharge lighting systems. These HID systems produce a high number of lumens, and the more lumens you have in the grow room, the more vigorous your plants’ growth will be. These lighting systems can generate an enormous amount of heat in the grow room, thus steps must be taken to reduce the heat they produce. Marijuana can withstand temperatures up to 120 degrees, although this is not ideal and will decrease yields. The ideal temperature range is 75 to 80 degrees. Here is some helpful advice to get you started: • HID Lighting should be “air cooled,” meaning the reflector/fixture that contains the light bulb itself has large openings on two sides and air ducting that allows an inline fan to be installed. • The inline fan will “pull” air, usually from a filter attached with ducting, and then circulate that air through the light and out of the grow room taking the heat and clean air with it. • Fluorescent lighting is great for the vegetative stage of cannabis growth and has come a long way in the last several years in the industry. Recently, several manufacturers have developed high output fluorescent lighting systems that easily rival their HID counterparts. • Fluorescents don’t require an inline fan, so they save on startup costs as well as on long-range costs, as they use a fraction of the electricity required to run a HID system. They also produce very little heat, so they can be kept closer to the plants, which helps compensate for their lower lumen output. • LED lighting is gaining strength in the industry and is well worth researching at local grow shops. • A good oscillating fan in the grow room is a must. Simulating the breeze in nature, this fan will strengthen your plants and cool the grow room. • It is good practice to run the lights from 9 p.m. to 9 a.m. for your flowering area and from 6 p.m. to noon on the following day for your vegetative area. This helps reduce electric costs as well as the strain on local power companies. • If you are using hydroponics, you will want to acquire a water chiller. A water chiller will cool your nutrient enriched water to a perfect 68 degrees. If the water gets too warm it can cause root rot, which you do not want. Frozen water bottles will also work temporarily. Make sure you get the correct size chiller for your grow. • If growing outdoors, make sure your plants get plenty of water and are placed somewhere they are shaded for the afternoons. Humidity isn’t really a problem here in Arizona for medical marijuana growers, however maintaining constant humidity levels in your garden will increase your plants’ health and thus their yield. A simple humidity and temperature monitor can be picked up at your local hardware store to help you accurately control these key factors in your grow room. A basic humidifier can be used with a timer to help add humidity to your garden. continued on page 39

THE GREEN LEAF | APRIL 2011

APRIL 2011 | THE GREEN LEAF

MEDICAL

Patient Stories This month’s patient stories come to us from the Patient Awareness Project. The PAP was created by the Arizona Association of Dispensaries (azaod.com) as an outreach program designed to bring medical marijuana patients’ stories to the forefront of our movement, the end goal being to influence the general perception of medical marijuana and to create a compassionate environment for patients in Arizona.

y name is Jeff Hexamer and I’ve lived in Arizona for almost 20 years. I have battled diabetes, arthritis and cataracts for 27 years. During that time period, I’ve lost five toes and was completely blind for more than four years. Life has been hard on me but I don’t let it get me down, mainly because of the sense of wellbeing that medical cannabis has provided. It has been an important part of my life for many more reasons. Medical cannabis has helped me regain my vision and it continues to help my eyes deal with cataracts. It also helps me avoid using dangerous prescription pills. Using marijuana helps me keep a good attitude and

really does improve my quality of life. The medicine actually helps me counteract some of the pills’ side effects that I’ve been prescribed for my conditions. Like many Americans, I have to take prescription drugs due to all my medical problems. Medical cannabis has helped me since I was 14 years old, mainly to control my pain, thus avoiding prescription pills. Diabetic neuropathy is very painful and hard to deal with. Although I have not tried using edibles yet, I hope it will help me further minimize the medications I continue to take. Medical marijuana works for me. Then again, what works for some people doesn’t always work for everybody, because we’re all different. I respect that and hope others do too.

am a 61-year-old Valley resident who has lived in Arizona for 45 years. This is my testimony about medical marijuana. Two years ago, I ruptured a disc in my back in a car accident and spent six months with very limited motion. When I finally got back on my feet, atrophy had begun to set in and my bones and muscles were very weak. A few months later, a small fall on a hard floor broke my ribs, hip and shoulder. This is when the hell started. Without any safe alternative, I begin taking pain pills and anti-depressants.

THE GREEN LEAF | APRIL 2011

I had never experienced so much pain and didn’t think twice about taking multiple pills each day for months. Before I knew it, I was addicted. Trying to get off of a pain pill addiction is hard enough for healthy people. In my suffering and confused state, it was impossible. Any prolonged effort to clean myself up would almost kill me. Seriously, it would. The withdrawals were absolutely awful, but continuing to take the pills was equally destructive. Every day I was confused, angry and depressed. Many times I felt like life was not worth it. My appetite was nonexistent and my weakened body was deteriorating quickly. Thank god someone brought me some illegal medicine. The marijuana quickly changed my attitude and got me eating again. It was a miracle. Life was still not easy, but was worth living again. It is important to feel good about your life once in awhile, and that’s what the medicine allowed me to do. It allowed me to be me again. This medicine is a necessary compliment to the current harsh world of pills our doctors currently prescribe us.

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MEDICAL MARIJUANA AND

Chronic

Chronic pain is one of the most commonly cited reasons for using medical marijuana by patients across the country, and for good reason. The World Health Organization estimates that 20 percent of people worldwide have some form of chronic pain. This includes fibromyalgia, back pain, neck pain, chronic fatigue syndrome, migraines, TMJ disorder, sciatica and more.

Many chronic pain sufferers actually are afflicted with neuropathic pain (aka nerve-related pain)—a condition that is associated with numerous diseases, including diabetes, cancer, multiple sclerosis, and HIV/AIDS. In most cases, the use of standard analgesic medications such as opiates and NSAIDS is ineffective at relieving neuropathic pain. But numerous studies indicate that medical marijuana is an effective medicine for patients suffering from chronic pain as well as those suffering from neuropathic pain who do not respond to traditional analgesic medications. Take the 2008 study conducted by researchers at the University of California at Davis called “A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial of Cannabis Cigarettes in Neuropathic Pain,” which was published in the Journal of Pain, for example. This study conducted a double-blinded, placebocontrolled, crossover study evaluating the analgesic efficacy of smoking cannabis for neuropathic pain. The researchers concluded that cannabis “may be effective at ameliorating neuropathic pain, and may be an alternative for patients who do not respond to, or cannot tolerate, other drugs.” A 2010 study published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal found that medical marijuana helps people with chronic nerve pain due to injury or surgery feel less pain and sleep better—adding to the body of research around medical marijuana and chronic pain. Cannabis has proven over and over again to be so effective that the FDA has allowed trials of a synthetic spray form of marijuana called Sativex. Sativex was approved by Health Canada in June 2005 as an adjunctive medicine for central neuropathic pain in multiple sclerosis. The spray is currently being tested in the United States in large randomized trials in cancer pain that does not respond well to opioids, which is a common occurrence in cancer patients.

THE GREEN LEAF | APRIL 2011

Pain BY MELISSA ANTONELLI

Until an FDA approved form of marijuana is available on the market, patients in Arizona are fortunate to have the option of using medical marijuana in its smokable form. But with seemingly endless strains to choose from, how do you know what the best strain is for chronic pain? The first thing to understand is the difference between the two types of cannabis: sativa and indica. Sativas have a higher level of THC than indicas, which results in a psychoactive and energetic mind-high. Indicas, on the other hand, have a higher level of cannabinoids than sativas, which results in a sedated body-type stone. Because indicas affect the body, these strains are the best choice for patients with chronic pain. Some patients who prefer the invigorating effects of a sativa over the sleep-inducing qualities of indica may fare well with a hybrid. Hybrids combine characteristics of each parent to minimize some of the unwanted effects of one strain or add the desired effects of another. For example, adding sativa to indica strains adds mental clarity and decreases sedation effects. And adding indica to sativa strains can decrease or even eliminate the sativa tendency to stimulate anxiety. When dispensaries open for business later this year, each dispensary will have a varied selection of indicas, sativas and hybrids to choose from. Patients can ask the budtender which one he or she recommends for chronic pain. Some dispensaries will even conduct lab testing on the products so you can determine the exact levels of THC, CBN and CBD. Bottom line, medical marijuana is an effective medicine for people who suffer with chronic pain. Patients looking for relief should opt for an indica strain. Then you should try out several types until you find the one that works best for you.

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The Endocannabinoid System—Whazzat? Your body makes, uses, and needs marijuana-like chemicals called “endocannabinoids.” Your physical and mental health require these endocannabinoids. Members of the Animal Kingdom, from sponges to men, have nerve and other organ receptors that respond to endocannabinoids. A basic understanding of the nervous system is fundamental to understanding how these endocannabinoids work.

BY EDGAR A. SUTER, MD

The Basics The nervous system works using the movement of chemicals and electricity. In its most simplified fashion, electrochemical activity usually proceeds along the “wires” (axons) of nerve cells (“neurons”) to the tip where special chemicals (“neurotransmitters”) are released into a space between neighboring neurons. The space is called a “synapse”. The neurotransmitter is released from a “presynaptic” neuron, and then diffuses across the synapse to bind to receptors in the neighboring “postsynaptic” neuron. Neurotransmitters fit specific receptors to activate (or block) those receptors, sort of like a key in a lock. Our own bodies make endocannabinoids that fit our endocannabinoid receptors. Marijuana works because many of marijuana’s chemicals are like “keys” that fit and activate our different endocannabinoid “locks.” Marijuana’s chemicals are “phytocannabinoids,” plant cannabinoids. Endocannabinoids are unique in a few respects. Most neurotransmitters are synthesized in advance by the presynaptic neurons to be stored in tiny packets (“vesicles”) in the cells to be available when needed. Endocannabinoids are not synthesized in advance and stored, but are synthesized on demand for immediate release. Also, it is not the presynaptic neurons but the postsynaptic neurons that synthesize the endocannabinoids. This means that the endocannabinoids are released into the synapse and then diffuse backwards to affect the presynaptic neuron. In a sense, the chemicals go against the flow of “electricity” to modulate the flow of “electricity,” hence endocannabinoids are sometimes classed as “neuromodulators.” Similar chemical interactions also occur in the organs outside of the nervous system.

The Chemicals Endocannabinoids are fats (“lipids”), so they are able to diffuse quickly through lipid-laden tissues and membranes. In 1992, Anandamide, also known as N-arachidonylethanolamine or AEA, was the first endocannabinoid identified and derives its name from the Sanskrit word “ananda” (meaning “bliss”) joined with “amide,” its general chemical class. So far, other identified endocannabinoids include 2-arachidonylyglycerol (2-AG), 2-arachidonyl glyceryl ether (noladin ether), O-arachidonyl ethanolamine (OAE or virodhamine), and

THE GREEN LEAF | APRIL 2011

N-arachidonyl dopamine (NADA). While “your” government tells you there is no medical use for marijuana, Big Pharma is already developing proprietary versions of these chemicals to sell to you.

What do we learn from these observations? Endocannabinoids maintain our physical health and mental stability. Yes, Divine Providence at work—happy minds and healthy bodies require marijuana-like chemicals!

The Receptor Subtypes

CB2 Receptors

In man, the endocannabinoids bind to endocannabinoid receptors of different subtypes distributed throughout our many organ systems. The best characterized of these receptor subtypes are the CB1 and CB2 receptors, however there are likely at least three additional subtypes that are temporarily and not very cleverly named “non-CB1/non-CB2” receptors.

CB2 receptors are also widely distributed, most notably throughout the immune system (T-cells, B-cells, macrophages, monocytes, etc.) and hematopoietic (blood-making) system of the spleen, liver, tonsils, thymus, and bone marrow. CB2 receptors are found in the brain, but unlike CB1 receptors that are mostly observed on neurons (the nerve cells), CB2 receptors are found primarily on microglia, the support and immune cells of the brain and spinal cord. CB2 receptors are also prevalent in the gastrointestinal tract and bone. Stimulation of CB2 receptors by endocannabinoids and by marijuana’s phytocannabinoids, especially cannabidiol (CBD), appears to down-regulate both the immune system and pain receptors. Endocannabinoids also help to maintain bone mass, preventing osteoporosis. It is likely that such down-regulated CB2 receptor activity in pain receptors, the immune system, and the gut explains the observed effectiveness of marijuana in reducing inflammation and pain, especially in inflammatory bowel diseases like Crohn’s Disease and ulcerative colitis, and in neuropathic pain—pain due to disorders of pain receptors. Effects on microglial cells may explain not just the palliative (symptom reduction) effects of marijuana, but also the curative effects observed by some researchers in Alzheimer’s Disease, multiple sclerosis, and a particularly aggressive type of brain cancer, glioblastoma multiforme. Researchers have observed that cannabinoids reduce the hallmark amyloid deposition and neurofibrillatory tangles of Alzheimer’s Disease, the demyelination of multiple sclerosis, and numerous types of cancers.

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CB1 Receptors CB1 receptors are most widely found in the brain, but are not found in the brainstem, the medulla, where our important respiratory and heart control centers are located. It is thought that this accounts for the enormous safety of marijuana, because cannabinoids cannot depress respiratory or heart function like opiates and other toxic chemicals. CB1 receptors are not limited to the brain, but are also widely distributed in the pituitary, thyroid, adrenals, liver, lung, kidney, gut, pain receptors, and even our reproductive systems. Endocannabinoids are suspected to play a role in regulating the implantation of newly conceived babies. There appears to be an optimum level of endocannabinoids for fertility. If levels are too high or too low the baby will not implant properly or grow in the mother’s womb. A strain of laboratory mice without CB1 receptors, known as “CB1 knockout mice,” suffer from severe memory problems and die early from stroke and heart attack. These observations in mice correlate with research in humans showing the importance of cannabinoids in modulating memory, cardiovascular function, and nerve-protecting effects. It is well known that cannabis affects appetite (“the munchies”) and also makes you happy. Research aimed at the role of cannabis in appetite led to the development of very potent appetite suppressants. A drug that blocks CB1 receptors, Rimonabant, was a very effective and widely prescribed appetite suppressant in Europe. Despite its effectiveness in dieting, Rimonabant was pulled from the market. Why? Big Pharma’s drug so completely blocked patients’ natural endocannabinoids that patients were deprived of not only their craving for food, but also deprived of their mental health. Because Rimonabant blocked the mood stabilizing effects of natural endocannabinoids, Rimonabant users were committing suicide in significant numbers.

Future Developments As the term “non-CB1/non-CB2 receptors” implies, there are a variety of other receptors that remain to be characterized and their roles elucidated. Stay tuned for that news as it develops. As you may discern, many are the benefits that the Reefer Madness propagandists would deny you. In future articles, I will build on this understanding to explain how marijuana provides so many health benefits. Be good and be well! Any questions? Any topics you would like me to address in these columns? Send me an email at staff@doctorsuter.com. Next month: Phytocannabinoids APRIL 2011 | THE GREEN LEAF

Hey man, in the future…..

By Headley Granger

Do you recall back in the day hearing about (or maybe trying) weed known as “Sinsemilla”? How about listening to the radio and hearing a new song you love, but not knowing who the band was or what the song name was? How about wondering where you could find the best weed and the lowest prices? Back in the mid ‘70s, Sinsemilla was the Holy Grail, the crown jewel, the nirvana of all weed varieties. It is still available today but is known by another name. Today, with a smart phone you can not only figure out what that song is that you heard at a restaurant or concert, you can also find out where your local medical marijuana dispensary is. If you had to use 1970s terms to try to describe to people back then what other types of awesome herb people in today’s world use as medicine and how technology can help with finding new music and finding legal cannabis for medicinal purposes, maybe it would go something like this:

THE GREEN LEAF | APRIL 2011

Hey man, in the future, there’s gonna be weed that makes Sinsemilla seem like ditch weed. It’s going to be really far out! That’s cuz they’re gonna grow very high quality weed know as Chronic. It has red hairs on it, it’s so radical! And they’re gonna have a portable telephone thingy that you can carry around, and it will listen to any song you hear and tell you what that song is, so you don’t space out and forget it after a concert. And this portable telephone will also show you where you can buy medical weed and give you directions to the shop! The future is a crazy place. Super-powered medical weed and telephones that tell you about music. It’s far out, man! Sinsemilla (sen-suh-mee-ah) comes from the Spanish words “sin semilla,” meaning “without seeds.” Female plants and the flowering tops of these plants produce potent buds that do not contain seeds. Sinsemilla is now known by its common street name, “Chronic.” Chronic has two different meanings depending on where you live. We are discussing the West Coast version, known as the finest virgin (or unpollinated) cannabis available, usually indica. (Note: the East Coast version of Chronic may be laced with cocaine and is not in any way recommended). Chronic is also categorized by its high concentrations of easily visible white or opaque crystals (trichromes) of THC. It is also extremely sticky when touched. These crystals may be mistaken for

cocaine crystals by unknowing people. A street term for this type of cannabis that was accidentally pollinated is “Chronic Fail,” because it does contain seeds, but is still very potent. If you have an iPhone or other smart phone, there are a couple of apps that you might find interesting and helpful. One is a free app called Shazam, which can tell you the name and artist for almost any musical recording on the radio, at a concert, in a restaurant or anywhere else. This app “listens” to a song and then searches its server database to find not only the name of the song and the artist/band, but also album information and an immediate link to purchase and download the song to your mobile device. There is also an upgraded version called Shazam Encore that charges $5.99 for many more features. The second app is known by the name “Pot Locator.” This free app is a simple MMJ locator for the everyday patient. You can search for nearby dispensaries by zip code or use your smart phone’s GPS locator to guide you to the dispensary you choose. The app also includes MMJ doctors, lawyers and delivery services. The app developer’s website, PotLocator.com, is a clearinghouse for MMJ info and includes user reviews, forums and helpful links. So how would you describe to yourself back in the 70s the strongest known legal cannabis, and a handheld device that helps you find it, then tells you what tunes you are listening to along the way? I think your explanation would go something like this: “Hey man, in the future…”

APRIL 2011 | THE GREEN LEAF

Seeds vs. Clones

by Kal El

What is the best way to start growing? Okay, so you’ve decided you want to grow this miraculous plant. Now what? We will explore each of the two growing methods and review the pros and cons of each. Let’s check out the comparison below to find out which option is right for you. Starting With

Seeds

PROS • • •

• • •

Buying seeds from a reputable grower will give you knowledge of good quality, yields and flowering times You can buy feminized seeds from a seed bank, which ensures 100 percent female plants so you don’t have to weed out the males Hybrid vigor: There is proof that the first generation of hybrid plants will grow about 25 percent faster and have higher yields than plants grown from clones. This is very obvious when the cross is between two different strains Seeds won’t come with any sort of disease or pests Seeds allow you to find new phenos (variations) Seeds are easy to carry and transport

CONS • • • •

Clones

PROS • Clones start out developed. Compared to seeds, clones will have an overall shorter grow period and therefore will be ready to harvest more quickly • Can be quickly grown into a mother plant and be cloned, creating a constant source of new plants • Since clones are genetic copies of their mother plant, you know exactly what to expect • Rooted clones can be flowered immediately if time or space is an issue • Typically less expensive than seeds

CONS • Clones can be harder to find than seeds. You’ll need to know a grower rather than simply e-mailing an online seed bank • Clones can carry pests, fungus, root rot, etc. • Unhealthy clones may die or remain in shock for a long time after being transplanted • Cloning is not easy to master right away • Clones are harder to carry and transport

Not all seeds will germinate Seeds often take longer than clones to grow Costs can add up if you buy seeds for every grow If you don’t buy feminized seeds, you take the risk of getting mostly males You may not find any keepers You may have to buy seeds online from an external source in another country, which may not get through customs

In order to get clones, you’ll need to know someone who already has medical marijuana plants. Alternately, you may be able to buy some from your local medical marijuana dispensary. Starting with a clone can save you two to four weeks of grow time compared to starting with seeds because they have a head start on growth. Using clones also guarantees the gender of your plant because the clones have the exact same genetics as their parent plant, including gender.

Seeds are an excellent way for beginners to start growing medical marijuana because they can be easily purchased online. If you’re lucky, you may come across healthy seeds in marijuana you currently have, which can most definitely be used to start your garden. Healthy seeds should be dark brown or light grey; these can be stored in an airtight container in your fridge until they’re ready for use. An ideal environment for storing seeds would be in a cool, dark place. They will often remain good for many years to come, but look them over carefully; seeds that are small and white are immature and probably won’t even germinate.

CONCLUSION I personally prefer to use clones for perpetual grows, so I know what to expect from every grow. However, I tend to use seeds when searching for new stock. Like Forrest Gump says, “Life is like a box of chocolates: you never know what you’re going to get.” Remember, some of the greatest cloneonly elite medical marijuana strains came from a seed found in some buds. Whichever way you decide to start growing medical marijuana, if you have any questions, just ask. Now get growing!

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Remembering J B By Geoff Robbins

orn in Coney Island, New York in 1939, Jack Herer (pronounced HARE-er, not huh-RARE) had

a traditional and uneventful Jewish upbringing. Interestingly enough, he grew up neither a hippie

nor a liberal; he was a pro-war Republican prohibitionist who named his first son after Sen. Barry Goldwater. He served as a military policeman during the Korean War and later married, settling

into California’s Central Valley. Staunchly conservative, he was disgusted with anti-war protestors, offended by

In 1967, after his first divorce, he moved to Los Angeles and tried cannabis at the suggestion of a girlfriend. It was a major turning point in his life, and he rapidly reinvented himself as one of America’s first cannabis activists. It’s been said that new converts make the most vigorous zealots, and that was certainly true of Herer; he wanted others to experience his epiphany. Immersing himself in books, movies and interviews, Herer researched endlessly about not just pot, but hemp and all its uses. He opened the first hemp store on Venice Beach and began inventing smoking accessories. In 1973, he and fellow smoke shop owner Ed Adair launched a signature campaign initiative to legalize marijuana, and Herer published his first book, G.R.A.S.S.: Great Revolutionary American Standard System. In 1982, Herer was at a party discussing hemp with New Mexico state senator Tom Rutherford. The senator said that if the facts were real and if they were published, then pot would be legalized. Herer immediately went to work on researching his second book, which would make him famous and relaunch the marijuana legalization movement. While researching his book, Herer unearthed a copy of the long-lost U.S. Department of Agriculture film, Hemp for Victory, documenting the federal government’s previous support for domestic hemp cultivation. Ironically, it was while serving a two-week prison stint in 1983 for refusing to pay a $5 fine that Herer started writing The Emperor Wears No Clothes, which was eventually published on hemp paper in 1985. So thorough was Herer’s research that the book offers $100,000 to anyone who can

THE GREEN LEAF | APRIL 2011

disprove its claims. Payouts so far? $0. More than 600,000 copies have been sold in 12 languages, and it is the most widely read marijuana law reform title ever published. It’s used by experts and newbies alike as a research tool and has become a catalyst in the advocacy to decriminalize cannabis. Critics have avoided endorsing his theory of an evil triad (Harry Anslinger, the DuPont family and Andrew Mellon) conspiring to introduce cannabis criminalization. While the three certainly played a role in pot prohibition, the antimarijuana movement was alive and well in this country well before Anslinger and the others were active in the 1930s. Herer ran for president in 1988 (garnering 1,949 votes) and 1992 (3,875 votes) not to win, but to raise the profile of his activism and to make a point – the system must be changed both from without and within. He was the subject of the 1999 film documentary, The Emperor of Hemp. Shortly following the film’s release, Herer suffered a stroke, temporarily limiting his speech and mobility. However, by mid-2000 he had made almost a full recovery, a feat he credited to the power of hemp, and claimed in May 2004 that treatment with the psychoactive mushroom amanita muscaria, was the “secret.” On September 12, 2009, Herer suffered a heart attack backstage at the Hempstalk Festival in Portland, Oregon. He spent a month in critical condition, including several days in a medically induced coma. He was discharged to another facility on October 13, 2009 and died on April 15, 2010 in Eugene, Oregon from complications related to the heart attack. He is buried at the Eden Memorial Park Cemetery in Mission Hills,

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the social and political upheavals of the ‘60s and blamed much of the turmoil on the “demon weed.”

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California. Herer, who had not filed taxes in 30 years, passed away on tax day, a coincidence that likely would have made him smile. Though he’s synonymous with the pot legalization movement (there’s even a cannabis strain named after him – a hybrid of Skunk #1, Northern Lights #5, and Haze), it was the criminalization of the cannabis plant itself—and hemp—that really had Herer fired up. He saw hemp as the ultimate renewable source of food, fuel, medicine and more—something than can easily be grown almost anywhere and could realistically replace fossil fuels and tree-based paper and construction materials and thus put a stop to pollution, deforestation and the greenhouse effect. This is how he saw hemp saving the world. Maybe hemp won’t “save the world,” but there is no arguing that it is a tremendously valuable plant with a multitude of uses that can help improve the environment, create jobs, and provide us with everything from biodiesel to body panels to an ever-increasing variety of hemp-based foods. Between bringing hemp to the political forefront and energizing a movement suffering through the economic hard times of the Reagan era, Herer cemented his place in cannabis history. As a tribute to Jack, April 20, commonly known as 420 day, was officially declared “Jack Herer Day” about a week after his death.

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A CLOSER LOOK AT

Kush

ost of us have heard the word “Kush” before, but what do we really know about this sought-after strain of cannabis? Most legends of the Kush plant lead you to the same beginning, somewhere near the borders of Pakistan and Afghanistan in a land named Hindu Kush. As part of the Himalayan mountain range, Hindu Kush has long been producing some of the world’s finest hashish products from the region’s high-quality strains of cannabis. The natural and human selection process that has taken place over the years to perfect this resinous strain is nothing short of remarkable, but how did Kush come to be so popular in the U.S.? In the late 1960s and early 1970s, a group of travelers allegedly brought back seeds from Hindu Kush and started cultivating the cannabis strain here in the U.S. Clones and seeds quickly made their way across the country as people started recognizing the medicinal value of this potent strain. Today, patients can find many variations and derivatives of the original Hindu Kush strains, such as Kushage, Vanilla and Kaia Kush, just to name a few. There are also some lesser-known derivatives of the Hindu Kush lineage, such as White Widow, AK-47 and others that have no references to the infamous strain name and are very popular in dispensaries and caregiver gardens across the country. Caregivers have been recommending Kush varieties to their patients at such a rate that the California medical

B Y B I L L Y H AY E S

marijuana market is now dominated by the Kush “Family.” OG, Tahoe, Russian Master, Lemon, Vanilla and Sour Kush (aka Headband) can easily be found in the hands of just about any patient in California or Colorado. Arizona caregivers will also be cultivating these indica-dominant cannabis strains very soon, giving a whole new meaning to Arizona home-grown. What would a new patient in Arizona look for when trying to procure some of this sought-after medication? Start with small, very dense flower structures. Kush plants with strong genetics are known for being small and very stout plants that produce small, potent flowers. Tastes and smells of the various Kush plants may have changed over time, yet they are still known for having a very strong, “skunky” odor and citrus-y taste when smoked or vaporized. If you are getting medication from a new source, it never hurts to get a small amount (one gram) first and either take it to a friend that may know a little more than you on the subject or even discuss it with a local industry consultant. Kush can be very pricey and you’ll want to make sure you’re getting what you’re paying for, so don’t be afraid to ask for some help. Regardless of which variety you get, you can count on a few things if you’re buying Kush; the intense citrus flavor, skunky odor and extremely long-lasting medicating effect of this particular cannabis strain will not soon be forgotten by the patient. Kush is known for its extreme “calming” effect and is great for patients later in the evening or for patients that require a higher potency dosage. Please medicate responsibly Arizona! APRIL 2011 | THE GREEN LEAF

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A $5 fine for marijuana possession in Michigan inspires one Baby Boomer into action

A Sensible Plan for Tucson 03 Once Prop 2 BY MICHELLE B. GRAYE

PHOTO COURTESY OF MICHELLE B. GRAYE

as in close victory w e haze of the th nd a by ed squeak for – the really stands L M R O what N follow up on seemed right to g in m ti e th l when it mirror, the local leve the rear view on s ce ti ac pr e the best into what wer cided to look de I s. w la ijuana reform of mar n. rbor, Michiga me to Ann A d le t fall and ch hi w s, that the sky will no ijuana law nd ar ta m rs g de in un y rm ad fo nsible drug came to re the citizens alre g crazies” after a se

incubator for ried history as the ti-estabAnn Arbor has a sto metimes radical, an so d an s, ou m fa t Society, some of the mos ts for a Democratic en ud St as ch su . In lishment groups uman Rights Party r Party and the H he Michint Pa of te ity hi rs W ve e ni th pus of the U m ca e th on s nt rstood 1967, the stude zed; they also unde ni ga or ng tti ge ly gan were not on tement. litics to make a sta po l ca lo e cked the us to w ho e Michigan Daily, ro Th r, pe pa ws ne nt the legalThe stude 67 by advocating 19 in es lin ad he e d no cannabis nation and mad when America ha e tim a at a an iju amounts of ization of mar th relatively small wi g in al de r fo e the punitive policies in plac were fed up with s nt de stu M U e penalties marijuana. Th possession (state e pl sim r fo es lti two ounces and harsh pena for possession of n iso pr in ar ye a ics included up to ing the local polit lebrities and work cil un co y cit r or less). Using ce thei s were able to have ingangle, the student es or less to a park nc ou o tw of on ssi sse po t en reduce simple was the most leni $5, which in 1972 ticket-like fine of n. ijuana in the natio izapolicy towards mar a local decriminal of s fit ne be ed ct pe ex un th e reduce e One of th cson, which would Tu le ib ns Se e lik r the first tion initiative on to a $25 fine fo ssi sse po a an iju ar is complipenalty for m arijuana program m l ica ed m e th at er, because offense, is th goes much smooth n tio ta en em pl im mented and

come “dru the youth don’t be ace. pl to op 203, with policy is put in gest support for Pr on str e th ed ow . To have Tucson sh the ballot initiative of r vo fa in g tin 4 valid sig57 percent vo cal ballot, only 9,53 lo e th on t pu on considering Sensible Tucs dingly low figure un to as an d, ire qu who genernatures are re 0 registered voters 00 7, 22 an th e or Tucson has m ssive causes. , and the ally support progre the ballot initiative es us at th te sta a Arizona is idance and even Tucson provides gu a ballot initiacity government in e right path with th on u yo er ste ing budget handouts to paign on a shoestr m ca is th g in nn e was printing tive. We’re ru our biggest expens r, fa so t bu ), 00 ght pages of (less than $5 sheets with the ei re tu na sig 0 00 1, up more than r budget. comfortably unde approval, text and we’re still the date stamp of ng tti ge n io tit pe inimal With the e campaign with m th t ou d lle ro on the Tucson Sensible Tucs rday, March 26, at tu Sa on e ar nf fa crowd of local publicity and l brings out a big va sti fe al nu an is g and great Peace Fair. Th ce, people-watchin sti ju l cia so of y da e response activists for a Park in Tucson. Th id Re at od fo d an a campaign local music e medical marijuan th th wi d an ive was very posit continued on page 39

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THE GREEN LEAF | APRIL 2011

SUSTAINABILITY and HEALTHY LIVING with a THREE-DAY GREEN EXTRAVAGANZA

Celebrate

& 17, 2011 A p r il 1 5 , 1 6ale Waterfront at The Scottsd

ALTERNATIVE Energy! World-Class Entertainment

Top charting musical acts, renowned speakers, bestselling authors, each day featuring a variety of performances.

GreenStock™ Expo

Hundreds of Green vendors, artists & exhibitors, farmers’ market, organic cuisine & wine tasting, workshops, entertainment, record-breaking outdoor yoga classes.

All For a Good Cause!

Sustainability benefits everyone in our community! A portion of proceeds will be donated to a host of local charities and environmental nonprofit organizations.

editor SNOWDEN BISHOP Dir: 310.396.4000 | Fx: 928.396.4002 editor@azgreenmagazine.com Main: 480.473.1430 | www.azgreenmagazine.com

Tickets are on sale now!

General Admission: $30 per day; $55 for three-day pass VIP Passes: $95 per day; GreenStock™ Expo Admission: Free! Buy in advance: $20/day pass; $40/3-day pass For Tickets and Show Times visit: www.greenstockconcert.com

To inquire about exhibition space and sponsorship opportunities, please call 480.649-8224. To advertise in the official AZGreen Magazine Program Guide and Resource Directory, call 480.473.1430, email to info@azgreenmagazine.com, or visit www.AZGreenMagazine.com

RECIPES

Highern Chef EDIBLES

o all my friends in the medical marijuana community, springtime is upon us and the seasons are changing. With this in mind, I have created some

fun, tasty recipes for those who love sweets as well as for those who like the savory side of foods. My goal in creating these recipes is to give you, the MMJ patient, some creative culinary ideas to medicate with. Please send us your feedback and let us know how the recipes are working for you. In our eyes, it’s all about how we can help you, my brothers and sisters.

Lavender & Meyer Lemon MMJ Ice Cream

Fresh MMJ Pasta

Yield: 1 quart

2 cups all-purpose flour 2 cups semolina flour 1 pinch salt 6 large eggs 2 tablespoons MMJ olive oil

Ingredients: The zest from 2 Meyer lemons 1/4 cup dried lavender or 1/2 cup fresh lavender 2 cups MMJ whole milk 2 cups MMJ heavy cream 3/4 cups granulated sugar 8 egg yolks In a saucepan, combine lemon zest, lavender, MMJ milk, and MMJ cream. Bring to a boil. Steep for 20 minutes. Strain. Whisk the egg yolks and sugar together. Whisk 1 cup of the hot mmj cream into the egg mixture. Mix thoroughly. In a steady stream, slowly add the egg mixture to the hot cream mixture. Continue to cook for 4 minutes, stirring occasionally. Remove from the heat and cool completely. Strain the mixture. Add the mixture to your electric ice cream maker. Process the mixture according to the manufacturers’ directions and enjoy…isn’t spring time awesome For MMJ butter, oil and milk recipes, please visit thegreenleafaz.com/recipes

THE GREEN LEAF | APRIL 2011

Highern Chef

Yield: 6 servings

Sift together the all-purpose flour, semolina flour, and pinch of salt. On a large cutting board or any clean counter surface, make a mound out of flour mixture then make a deep well in center. Crack the eggs into the well and add MMJ olive oil. Whisk eggs with a fork, gradually incorporating flour from the sides of the well. When the mixture becomes incorporated, begin kneading with your hands. Knead dough for 10 to 12 minutes, until it is smooth and supple. Dust dough and work surface with semolina as needed to keep dough from becoming sticky. Wrap dough tightly in plastic wrap and allow it to rest at room temperature for 30-45 minutes. Roll out dough with a pasta machine or a rolling pin to the thickness you like. Cut into your favorite style of noodle. Bring water to a boil in a large pot, and then add 4 teaspoons salt. Cook pasta until tender but not soggy, 1 to 10 minutes depending on thickness. Drain and toss with some MMJ tomato sauce.

Simple MMJ Tomato Pasta Sauce

MMJ PUPPY CHOW (aka Scooby Snacks)

¼ cup MMJ olive oil 1 Spanish onion, chopped 4 garlic cloves, peeled and sliced 3 tablespoons chopped fresh thyme ½ medium carrot, shredded 2 28-ounce cans peeled whole tomatoes Kosher salt, to taste In a 3-quart saucepan, heat half of the MMJ olive oil over medium heat. Add the onion and garlic and cook until soft and light golden brown, 8 to 10 minutes. Add the thyme and carrot and cook for about 5 minutes more, or until the carrot is soft. Use a potato masher or your hands, to crush the tomatoes and add them with their juices to the saucepan. Bring to a boil, stirring often, and then lower the heat and simmer for 30 minutes, adding the rest of the MMJ olive oil during the last 10 minutes of cooking.

This recipe is great for any MMJ patient get-togethers. Yield: 4 servings 6 cups of a chex type cereal ½ cup MMJ butter ½ cup peanut butter 14 ounces chocolate chips 2 cups powdered sugar Melt MMJ butter, chocolate chips and peanut butter over a double boiler or in the microwave. Stir in cereal. Put powdered sugar in a paper bag add cereal mix and shake until it is well coated. Be careful with this one …it’s so good you may eat it all and have a great day or night…

Five Points Wellness Center Same Day Recommendations For Qualified Cases ATTENTION PATIENTS With Severe and Chronic Back or Neck Pain Our Medical Marijuana practice is limited to patients with severe and chronic back and neck pain - because Arizona law states that we can only recommend cannabis to patients for medical conditions we have the expertise to manage.

Call 602-263-8484 to Make an Appointment. Five Points Wellness Center

at Comprehensive Health Services Robert L. Gear Jr. N.M.D. | Rick Shacket M.D. (H) 3543 N. 7th Street | Phoenix, Arizona 85014

CALL 602-263-8484 to Make an Appointment

602.263.8484 APRIL 2011 | THE GREEN LEAF

FUN & GAMES �

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“And Spring arose on the garden fair, Like the Spirit of Love felt everywhere; And each flower and herb on Earth’s dark breast rose from the dreams of its wintry rest.” –Percy Bysshe Shelley, The Sensitive Plant

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April Cannabis Crossword

��r�� D��n �ft�n t��t�d �� f�r � �n�th�r h�l�d�� th�t �lt�rn�t�v� t� ��n�, th�� l�br�t�� r �r��n pl� ��th�d ��r�� b��t �h�n �t ��l�br�t�d �n �pr�l 22nd h��t� th� ��nn�b�� p t� ��rd��. j��t b�l�� t� ��b��t��n 2 � �r��l pr��t��l j�� f�r ACROSS DOWN p��nt. ��nn�b�� l�v�r �� t� pr�t � � �t�t�� f th�� nt��t t�celebrates b� th�our D�� th�� p 4. Often touted as a safer alternative to smoking, this 1. Another holiday that green�n planet, device works best when it heats cannabis to th��r� celebrated on AprilD��. 22 (two words). f�� f�r the th� ��r� just below its combustion point. �f d�� th� �r��n�l2. A cruel practical � joke Th�� for al�n��h��r�d cannabis lover is to��ntr� pretend to be the DEA on April ___ Day. 4:20 ��t�n� �p�t. ��n��r �h� t�rn� �� n � 7. A statue of this scientist, famous for the germ 8disease, Th�� t�p� p�r�ph�rn�l�� 0thsinger, h��who b��n �dv��t�n theory of marked the �f original 4:20 3. This long-haired country turns 77 on meeting spot. �� t�r �� t� pr��r� April 30, has been h��p advocating for hemp and can�nd ��nn�b�� nabis legalization for decades (two words). ��d��. l��l�z�t��n f�r d��d�� 8. This type of paraphernalia uses water as its primary 5. Popular children’s rhymes have made April famous ��v�nt��nth ��nt�r� �l�� rd��. filtration�� medium. for this type of precipitation. p�p�� th ��r�j��n� � P�p�l�r �h�ldr�n�� rh�� 11. Seventeenth century clay pipes with marijuana resi6. April 18 is said to have this ��d� kind of full�pr�l moon f�� r��d�� r� f��nd �n th� h�v� due were found in the home of this famous poet because it is the first full moon of Spring. f�� th�� t�p� �f pr��p�t�t��n and playwright,h�� who died�f on th�� April 23, 1616, his p��t & 9. Forty years ago, this group�8th coined the term “ t� h�v 52nd birthday. pl��r��ht, �h� b�th �� 6 �pr�l �� d 4-20”, which originally symbolized a time to b�rn �nd d��d �n �pr�l ��nd �fturned f�ll ��n b�� smoke cannabis and has also into the can12. This word comes from the Latin aperire, which 2�rd, �2budding ��r�and�p�rt. th�holiday. f�r�t f�ll ��n �f �pr nabis culture’s national means “to open,” as in the opening �2 Th�� rd �� fr�� th� 10. The High Times � Cannabis F�rt�Cup ��r� th�� r� of Spring. is held ��, every April L�t�n �p�r�r�, �h��h ��n� in this Colorado city. ��n�d th� phr�� t� �p�n, �� n th� b�dd�n� f��r�t��nt�, �h��h �r�� nd �p�n�n� �f �pr�n�. ��b�l�z�d � t�� t� p� �f ��nn�b�� nd h�� l�� t�rn�d �nt� th� ��nn�b�� 38 THE GREEN LEAF | APRIL 2011 ��lt�r�� n�t��n�l h�l�d� Answers in next month’s issue

Seeds to Stash continued from page 7 a package of 16-ounce Styrofoam cups and poke several knife cuts into the sides and bottom.

possession and paraphernalia to a minimal fine, this will only enhance the Arizona Medical Marijuana Act and allow everyone in Tucson to freely use marijuana for personal use. If anyone wants to join the fray please email me at indexing@ yahoo.com. The author is a co-founder of Good Day Sunshine, a Tucson��r�d based political action committee advocating decriminalization of possession of small amounts of marijuana.

H�rt��lt�r� H��h

The Garden

After about a week in the nursery, you’ll notice roots sticking out from the bottom and sides of your soil pellets, indicating it’s now time for their next home. Fill the Styrofoam cups with Th�r� ��n b� n� �th�r ��p�t��n l�� rd�n�n� �n potting soil about 2 inches from the top, then place the plant �h��h, �f �� r� t� �r��p �p b�h�nd ��n� �t and pellet in the middle and add a bit more soil until just half th��r ��r�, �� ld f�nd th�� ~��r�b�l ANSWERS from��l�n�. last issue. (p36) of the pellet is covered. Water thoroughly until a little water ��l�r runs out the bottom and continue watering about every three 2 � � � � � or four days. Remember to use either distilled, reverse osmoN � � sis or bottled water. Keep your garden area clean and locked 4 � P � D � R � � T � � and do not fertilize during this first month. � � � Set up all three of your lights at this point and center � � V 6 � your re-potted plants under the lights. If you’re a medical � � R � H � N � marijuana patient, you should now cut the number of plants � � � 8 down to the legal limit of 12, placing four seedlings under F � � � B � � T � � each light, with the bulbs about 4 inches from the tops of L � � � �0 the plants. Maintain this distance by raising the lights as the � H � D R � P � N � � � seedlings grow. Remember to tell no one without an abso� � N L �� lute need to know and enjoy tending your secret garden. � � R R � T � D � Check back next month, when we’ll begin a fertilizer schedule, set up more lights, re-pot into 1-gallon containers and you’ll finally find ��r�� out which of your babies are girls and which ones are boys. 4

Th�� n p��t� ��n ��t �n �nt�r� ��rd�n �f n�t f��nd �nd �l��n�t�d ��rl�, b�t th�� r� d�ff��lt t� �d�nt�f� d�� t� Taming the Heat continued from page 10 th��r ��ll ��z� �nd pr�f�r�n�� f�r th� �nd�r��d� Three things to remember: �f l��v�� 1. Excess humidity can increase your chances getting � of Th�� rd ��n ��th�r ��n � p�bl�� d��n�tr�t��n �r b� � mold, mildew and bugs. pr�p�r n��n f�r � ��l�nd�r 2. Humidity levels too low can over-stress your plant ��nthand 8 N�tr��n�f�x�n� ��h�rrh�z�� drastically reduce your harvest. l�v� �n th�� nd �f r�l�t��n�h�p 3. I recommend 50-60 percent humidity until the final two r��t� ��th ��nn�b�� th�d weeks of flowering. At this point, the humidity should �f �r��n� ��nn�b�� l��d n�tr��nt� �� be lowered as much as possible to encourageth�t thepr��r� plant ��d�� th� �� Th� ��nn�b�� l��f ��n b� to seal and protect itself with additional resin. I have b�� been able to frost things up considerably thisd��r�b�d The �� p�l��t� �fway. �t� ��lt�pl� l��fl�t� �nd th�� f �t� j��d �d�� higher humidity levels prior to final ripeningb�� in the final �2 D��p�t� th�� n��n�� d�� t� two weeks reduce salt levels within the plant tissue and ��r�j��n�� b�l�t� t� �r�� v�rt��ll� �n��h�r�, �r��n� encourage healthy, lusher growth. ��d��l��r�d� ��nn�b�� t�� Don’t wait for the heat to get here folks. Plan ahead you b�l�n�� f th� so pr�p�r �xp�r��n��, can enjoy your own top quality, homegrown medical mari- p�t��n��, �nd d�d��t��n juana all year long.

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D��n � �p�� f ��nn�b�� n��n f�r �t� �nt��nfl��t�r� pr�p�rt�� th�t t�nd� t� �r�� h�rt�r �nd ��d�r 2 ��n� ��d� f�r 24 h��r� pr��r t� p�tt�n� th�� n ��l �� th�� t� h�pp�n � � �p�� f ��nn�b�� n��n f�r �t� �b�l�t� t� �t��l�t� th� �pp�t�t� th�t t�nd� t� �r�� t�ll�r �nd n�rr��r 6 �n �dd�t��n t� pH �nd t��p�r�t�r�, th�� l�v�l �f ��t�r� �n th� ��r �� r�t��l ��p�n�nt t� �r��n� ��d ��r�j��n� � Th� ��r�j��n� l��f �� n ��b�l, b�t th�� th� p�rt �f th� pl�nt th�t ��nt��n� th� ��t ��t�v� ��d��n�l ��p�n�nt� �0 �n�t��d �f �l�� t�rt�n� fr�� d, ��t ��rd�n�r� �� th�� t fr�� th�r pl�nt �

Sensible Tucson continued from page 31 still fresh in the minds of the voters, signatures were gathered rapidly. Will we make it? I can’t promise you we will, but it won’t be for lack of effort. The citizens of Tucson, just like their Ann Arbor counterparts in the ‘60s, are fed up with the overzealous prosecution of our youth for doing something many of us did when we were fans of the herb back in the day. If we are successful in changing the punishment for simple APRIL 2011 | THE GREEN LEAF

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Let us protect your investment to better serve our Community.

SECURITY SOLUTIONS FOR DISpENSaRIES

Medical Marijuana dispensary applicants need to provide a security plan to help secure the necessary license for opening a Dispensing Facility. They need this protection to not only secure their investment; but

OM PAN Y

S ON

TRUSTED S

help keep our local community safe. ITY SOLU UR TI EC

C Y U AR D FA M IL

Safeguard’s 50 years of experience within the Security Industry and the Healthcare Market provides us the proper insight to help develop custom security solutions for the Medical Marijuana Industry. By consulting with our “Out-of-State” partners where similar laws are already in place; Safeguard is the perfect partner to keep your potential business safe from the many threats that can and will arise.

Safeguard is the “Preferred Partner” for Medical Marijuana Dispensaries. • 50 years of Security Industry Experience • 25 years of Healthcare Industry Experience • Largest family-owned, locally-operated security provider • Operate an in-house, 24/7/365 Monitoring Center • Offer preferred pricing for “Medical Marijuana” Dispensaries • Offer “Rental Programs” that minimize initial investment • One-stop provider for all your security, access control and surveillance camera system needs • Provide the fire alarm, sprinkler and extinguishing systems and inspections facilities will require • We eliminate the costs, time and hassles of dealing with multiple subcontractors • 24/7/365 service and repair staff Safeguard is creating security solutions specifically for the Medical Marijuana Industry. Talk to a Safeguard professional today to see how we can help. Contact Kyle Knall at (480) 609-6283 for a free security consultation.

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Offering Patients a 12 month Wellness Plan for the price of most office visits

QUALIFYING PATIENTS RECEIVE: Physician’s certification of therapeutic and/or palliative benefit as required by Prop 203 Unlimited Access to our Compassion Clubs Unlimited Access to Marijuana related Educational resources, including appointments with office staff Follow up care related to specific treatment by our office staff

Safe Friendly Comfortable Environment Arizona Department of Health Compliance Forms and/or processes, all forms updated for free during the period of your wellness plan Discounts available for veterans, seniors and patients on disability or other fixed income. ARIZONA COMPASSIONATE ALTERNATIVES 123 E Baseline Road #D102 • Tempe, AZ 85283

623-850-4665 • dr@arizonammjlicense.com • www.arizonammjlicense.com