Lighting Journal May 22 by The ILP

Professional best practice from the Institution of Lighting Professionals

May 2022

DIGITAL CANVAS The new four-storey digital media façade of Manchester’s School of Digital Arts CONNECTED THINKING Rethinking how connected technologies can be used to improve communities THE CELLULAR CITY Why cellular is becoming the go-to choice for smart lighting

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MAY 2022 LIGHTING JOURNAL

Contents CONNECTED 06 THINKING

The Smarter Suffolk project has put street lighting at the heart of a series of pilot projects designed to push the boundaries of Internet of Things technology, in the process rethinking how connected technologies can be used to improve communities. Dr Hannah Steventon and colleagues report

KNOWLEDGE UPDATE

New guidance to help those involved in the specification, design, manufacture, procurement or installation of lighting columns is being included in the latest revision of PD 6547, the key guidance document for using BS EN 40. David Lodge outlines what you need to know

‘THE CELLULAR CITY

The use of cellular technology in smart cities and intelligent street lighting is still relatively new. But its combination of flexibility and interoperability is increasingly making it the go-to choice for a more sustainable connected lighting solution, writes Mark Cooper

‘ENABLING GROWTH

Two research reports have predicted that we can expect to see continued growth in demand for Internet of Thingsenabled street lighting and smart building technologies, although this may cause challenges in terms of future skills gaps and talent shortages

26 DIGITAL CANVAS

The mesmerising four-storey digital media façade on Manchester Metropolitan University’s new School of Digital Arts provides an interactive canvas for students to showcase their artworks. Indirectly, it also illustrates how important it is lighting communicates the huge advances we’ve seen in control

34 URBAN BALANCE

Urban lighting designers constantly need to balance ensuring pedestrian and road safety with best energy usage and mitigating adverse effects on both humans and the natural world. Nick Johnson argues that the key to success is through also balancing technology and approach

38 VIRTUOUS CIRCLES

Amid increasingly urgent climatechange warnings, a recent ILP webinar examined some of the practicalities around designing luminaires to build in a circular economy approach of restore, reuse, repair, retain and recycle

THREE 42 THE PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESSES: PART 2

In his second article on the unprecedented three Conference addresses of E J Stewart, Simon Cornwell outlines how, when he was finally able to deliver a full Presidential speech in 1945, Stewart set out a prescient vision for the future of post-war highways lighting

‘CHANNEL BRISTOL

The ILP’s Professional Lighting Summit next month is coming up fast, with inspiring CPD presentations and workshops, an exhibition zone and networking opportunities galore. So, block out 21-22 June in your diary and get yourself registered. Jess Gallacher runs through what you can expect

AS ACTIVE AND 50‘‘BE VISIBLE AS POSSIBLE’

Continuing our series on inspirational women working in lighting, ILP Senior Vice President Rebecca Hatch outlines her route into the industry

52‘NEWS

COVER PICTURE

How the ILP is partnering with two major lighting events this month, plus an obituary for TOFCO’s Ray Toft

The new Manchester Metropolitan University School of Digital Arts media façade. Turn to page 26 to find out the story behind it, plus how Studiotech’s Ed Vickery believes it tells a wider story about lighting control. Image by Design Crawl | Interior Media

32 OUTDOOR LIVING

The new lighting scheme for Elephant Park in London’s Elephant & Castle is designed to create a much more inviting outdoor after-dark experience for Londoners and visitors alike

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Editor’s letter Volume 87 No 5 May 2022 President Fiona Horgan Chief Executive Justin Blades Editor Nic Paton BA (Hons) MA Email: nic.cormorantmedia@outlook.com

Lighting Journal’s content is chosen and evaluated by volunteers on our reader panel, peer review group and a small representative group which holds focus meetings responsible for the strategic direction of the publication. If you would like to volunteer to be involved, please contact the editor. We also welcome reader letters to the editor. Graphic & Layout Design George Eason Email: george@matrixprint.com Advertising Manager Andy Etherton Email: andy@matrixprint.com Published by Matrix Print Consultants Ltd on behalf of Institution of Lighting Professionals Regent House, Regent Place, Rugby CV21 2PN Telephone: 01788 576492 E-mail: info@theilp.org.uk Website: www.theilp.org.uk Produced by Matrix Print Consultants Ltd Unit C,Northfield Point, Cunliffe Drive, Kettering, Northants NN16 9QJ Tel: 01536 527297 Email: gary@matrixprint.com Website: www.matrixprint.com © ILP 2022

The views or statements expressed in these pages do not necessarily accord with those of The Institution of Lighting Professionals

nyone who has followed my occasional musings here on smart cities and connected lighting (and you must be a sucker for punishment) will know my interest is often less with the technological nuts and bolts and more the effect, impact or benefit this all has on people and communities. That has put me at something of a disadvantage in this edition, given that we have a (hopefully useful) series of quite technical articles on how this agenda is developing within lighting. Mark Cooper, from page 18, digs into the role and potential of new cellular technologies. David Lodge, from page 14, is unpicking the latest revision of PD 6547, including what this means for the lighting column as, increasingly, a smart city ‘minor structure’. Dr Hannah Steventon and colleagues, from page six, have shown how Internet of Things technology is changing how we think about connected technologies on the ground, in her case in Suffolk. We’ve also looked at two reports, from page 22, that have predicted where we’re likely to see growth in this market, both in smart street lighting and smart building technologies more widely. What this shows to me is that, clearly, yes, there is ongoing debate within the industry around the future of CMS – what it will look like, how it will be used, whether it will be superseded (and if so by what) and so on. But at the same time, while the business case may change, the march to ever-more connected public realm spaces, buildings and infrastructure is, if anything, accelerating. The role, skills and leadership of the lighting professional (especially the local authority lighting engineer) needs, quite rightly, to be a core part of this conversation – and we will undoubtedly continue to have that debate within Lighting Journal and the ILP. Which brings me to next month’s Professional Lighting Summit, of course traditionally one of the highlights for debate and CPD within the lighting calendar. It is such good news that, with the lifting of day-to-day Covid-19 restrictions, we can all get back together face to face in Bristol from 21-22 June. While virtual conferencing and events still have their place – and at a practical level I am increasingly convinced how I work has changed permanently in that regard – there is nothing like physically getting together, listening to some great talks, networking and, as Jess Gallacher has put it in our Summit preview from page 46, being able to ‘put the lighting world to rights’. Whether formally in the presentations or workshops or simply as a topic of conversation, I’m sure smart cities will be up there, as will be control and media screens (the good and the bad) – something we’re also highlighting this edition with our look at Manchester Metropolitan University’s stunning four-storey digital media façade for its School of Digital Arts, from page 26. I fully expect sustainability, the circular economy, EV charging and alternative lighting solutions such as solar to be on the Bristol agenda too. Either way, if you can spare the time from the daily grind (and Teams meetings), I’d definitely recommend trying to make it to this year’s Summit. For those who simply can’t however, another positive consequence of the changes wrought by the pandemic is the fact there will be a streamed/digital version available to follow. Of course, the biggest question is, after two years gathering dust at the back of the wardrobe, will my Black Tie still fit? I look forward to finding out, with you all, next month! Nic Paton Editor Corrections and clarifications A reference web link in our report last month on the ‘LANTERNS’ project (‘Light fingered’, vol 87 no 4, page 14) changed between passing for press and publication. Therefore, to access the College of Policing’s ‘Safer Streets Fund – crime prevention toolkit’ please either go to its home page https://www.college.police.uk/research/saferstreets-fund and follow the links or the report can be accessed directly at https://assets.college.police.uk/s3fs-public/2022-03/Safer_Streets_toolkit.pdf

or the Lighting Journal’s editor. Photocopying of Lighting Journal items for private use is permitted, but not for commercial purposes or economic gain. Reprints of material published in these pages is available for a fee, on application to the editor.

SUBSCRIPTIONS

ILP members receive Lighting Journal every month as part of their membership. You can join the ILP online, through www.theilp.org.uk. Alternatively, to subscribe or order copies please email Diane Sterne at diane@theilp.org.uk. The ILP also provides a Lighting Journal subscription service to many libraries, universities, research establishments, non-governmental organisations, and local and national governments.

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CONNECTED THINKING The Smarter Suffolk project has put street lighting at the heart of a series of pilot projects designed to push the boundaries of Internet of Things technology, in the process rethinking how connected technologies can be used to improve communities By Dr Hannah Steventon, Richard Webster, Ian Thurlow, Professor Nicholas Caldwell, and Professor John Davies

igital technology is transforming how public services are delivered, and Suffolk County Council continues to incorporate these advances to support communities, businesses and innovation. Smarter Suffolk is Suffolk County Council’s innovative project to trial a wide range of digital technologies in diverse environments to assess the potential to use these technologies in their public service delivery, as we discussed in Lighting Journal back in June last year (‘Adapting to the future’, vol 86 no 6). This article is a follow-up to that initial discussion and intends to update ILP members on the progress and innovation going on around CMS, smart lighting and connectivity within Suffolk. This Smarter Suffolk project, in essence, treats street lighting columns as key assets – geographically widespread, frequent, and powered – to enable the deployment of sensor technologies to support new services and improvements in efficiencies of existing services. The research is key to

Suffolk’s increasing use of smart technology for public service decision-making. Smarter Suffolk is using Suffolk Highways’ street lighting infrastructure and network to support the wide deployment of hundreds of sensors measuring physical parameters for other services. These include road-surface temperature for winter gritting, air quality and atmospheric parameters, gully fill levels, and traffic counting. The project works with suppliers, informed by external research organisations, including BT Applied Research and BSI (British Standards). It is also supported by advice from professional bodies, which Suffolk County Council drew together into an exciting consortium to undertake these trials. Suffolk County Council has an excellent record of introducing award-winning, environmentally focused innovation in the highways sector. As such, Suffolk was well placed for selection by ADEPT (The Association of Directors of Environment, Economy, Planning and Transport) as a partner in its Live Labs project [1].

The ADEPT ‘SMART Places’ Live Labs programme was set up to test innovative solutions to digital technology on the local highway network for new smart approaches to communications, materials, energy solutions and mobility. Live Labs is the third phase in the association’s exploration of the opportunities for digital technology in the highways network. It is a £22.9m research project funded by the Department for Transport with the aim of developing and trialling a range of digital technology solutions to address challenges and opportunities facing the local highways authorities. Suffolk’s involvement brings together and builds on innovation success in infrastructure. This includes transformative, pioneering street lighting technology, including enabling dynamically adaptive dimming (which was the focus of our June 2021 article). Suffolk Highways also runs a traffic-signals based dark-fibre network. The county’s innovation in Internet of Things (IoT) networking includes cutting-edge care technology supporting adult social care and the construction of the UK’s largest free-to-public public sector LoRaWAN deployment in the Norfolk and Suffolk Innovation Network. For those unaware, LoRaWAN is a low-power wide-area network operating in the unlicensed spectrum. Building upon these successes, the Smarter Suffolk project has provided an opportunity to examine smart technology capability across Suffolk’s urban, rural and coastal environments, with sensors deployed in busy Ipswich, rural west

MAY 2022 LIGHTING JOURNAL

CMS and smart lighting Suffolk and on the Lowestoft coastline. This was combined with exploration in how street lighting infrastructure adopts a broader environmental and social function and can potentially act as a future income generator. For the project, Suffolk County Council drew together an exceptional and multi-faceted consortium including contractors, a wide range of suppliers, manufacturers, professional bodies and research organisations. These include: • Suppliers: Telensa, SSE, Lucy Zodion, CIMCON, IoT Solutions, Vivacity, Liveable Cities, Enlight and others • Contractors: Kier; Bouygues E&S • Manufacturers and designers: CU Phosco, Uniotec • Professional organisations: The Institution of Lighting Professionals, Highway Electrical Association • Research organisations: University of Suffolk, BT, Proving Services and its Future Highways Research Group, and BSI. The Smarter Suffolk project works across several themes: sensors, data management, communications networks, sensor-ready infrastructure design, and energy options.

in Suffolk, home to BT’s research and development campus and the University of Suffolk’s DigiTech Centre. Lighting columns carry multiple sensors doing a range of functions – for example, measuring road-surface temperature, ambient lighting levels, air quality and gully operation. In the trial installation, there are three remote road-surface temperature sensors, as well as an air-quality sensor and a communications hub; there are also two contact temperature sensors embedded into the road surface at the foot of this column. These sensors are priced from hundreds to thousands of pounds. So, one thing the project is working to evaluate is: are the cheaper sensors as effective?

ADAPTIVE STREET LIGHTING

Suffolk County Council manages 65,000 streetlights (its own and for other authorities) at an historic energy cost of £2.6m each year, with associated environmental impact. As our article last June highlighted, the council, with support from Telensa and BT, has been using real-time traffic counting on arterial routes to adapt street lighting brightness profiles dynamically.

The project is researching three methods to inform the traffic count: traffic radar, video camera analytics, and inductive loops. The use of five different street lighting suppliers is enabling the comparison of five different central management systems, with structured usability testing revealing strengths of these competing systems. These findings will be shared in a future issue of Lighting Journal.

WINTER MAINTENANCE

Gritting over 2,000 miles of Suffolk roads is a major operation each winter. Measurement of road-surface temperature and relevant atmospheric parameters at closer intervals could enable targeted gritting. IoT road-surface temperature sensors from multiple manufacturers have been compared, and their results compared for variability and reliability of temperature data. A key question being considered is how to apply data from infill sensors as action, bringing environmental and business benefits. Gritting decisions are currently based on forecasts rather than near real-time data, so further working with the

SENSORS

Sensors provide real-time information to enable dynamic decision-making across lighting, environment, drainage, assets and estate, and adult social care. BT created a customised data exchange which accumulated the big datasets generated by these sensors. Communications networks for highways infrastructure were trialled, adapted and extended. A street lighting column designed for a sensor housing, to enable sensor-ready infrastructure, is being developed. Renewable energy options for power were explored, especially for rural locations without networked power. The Smarter Suffolk project has deployed a county-wide network of hundreds of IoT sensors, supported by the street lighting infrastructure. These include monitoring road usage, road-surface temperature (used for winter gritting decision-making), air quality, grit and waste bin fill levels, and others. The project is improving targeting of dynamically adaptive street lighting, winter gritting, and other services. To compare data from different sensors measuring the same thing, potentially in different ways, co-located equipment has been running at a test-bed at Adastral Park

Images showing 2D grids at heights of 1.83m and 1.3m to check safe exposure. All photographs by Dr Hannah Steventon

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MAY 2022 LIGHTING JOURNAL

CMS and smart lighting forecasting agency could be explored to include increased granularity of temperature data in the decision-making process.

One of the gully monitoring sensors in position

AIR QUALITY

Air quality data is of significant interest following the Clean Air Strategy of 2019 , and Environment Bill 2020 [2]. Interest is increasing both in time and geographical knowledge of air quality with a focus on fine particulate matter, which is a key target of the proposed legislation. Smarter Suffolk, therefore, has focused on analysing for nitrogen dioxide, particulates and ozone, with real-time availability of data. The project has compared several different air-quality sensors installed in urban, coastal and rural locations. Monitoring is primarily for regulatory air-quality management and planning purposes. Lower-cost particulate matter sensors have been found to provide interesting data, but some are more susceptible to high humidity related to fog conditions creating erroneous readings.

DRAINAGE

Suffolk has 144,000 highways gullies, all of which require cleansing. Three different technologies for gully monitoring have been trialled, all of which return different types of results. Some monitor depth to water, some depth of silt, and some monitor flood at a specific height. Use-case assessment indicates that the potential future use for such sensors is anticipated to be gullies that are either known to be problematic and/or in locations that are particularly hard to access to identify when cleansing is required. There may also be use in specific gullies as indicators for a generic area.

ASSET AND ESTATE

Waste bin sensors are increasingly used to monitor fill levels in waste bins and manage bin emptying schedules. The researchers in the Smarter Suffolk project have explored whether these binfill level sensors can also be used to monitor fill levels and refill needs in public-use grit bins. This work was undertaken in collaboration with a parish council and a business estate. There are more than 2,000 grit bins in Suffolk, with an erratic use pattern. Remote monitoring could simplify the refill process during the winter months. Assessment during the trial period indicated that refill needs for grit bins are best observed during use, but waste bin sensors are popular and have been installed more widely across the region. www.theilp.org.uk

ADULT AND SOCIAL CARE

Widespread communications networks and sensors are increasingly enabling and supporting people to live longer independently. Suffolk has an above-average and growing proportion of residents aged over 65. Suffolk’s Norfolk and Suffolk Innovation Network was used to enable 60 in-home sensors, supplemented in more rural locations with in-home boosters. This is revolutionary, removing dependence on in-home telecommunications and enabled monitoring of daily living activities of volunteers representing potentially vulnerable independent people.

DATA EXCHANGE

‘Big data’ presents challenges across the four ‘Vs’: volume, velocity, variety and veracity. Sensors deployed across Suffolk return data each minute. Data is being collected minute by minute, where previously only monthly totals were recorded or no information was gathered at all. This high volume of data from multiple data sources builds datasets of millions of points over the course of a year. For example, tens of millions of data points covering traffic were generated in the town of Ipswich for a year, or there are more than

100,000,000 representing temperature and weather across Suffolk. A key innovation of Smarter Suffolk, therefore, has been the accumulation of data in BT’s ‘Data Exchange’, a ground-breaking, vendor-neutral, IoT data platform. Data Exchange has its origins in the preceding MK Smart and CityVerve smart cities projects in Milton Keynes and Manchester respectively [3]. Essentially, it is about collating, storing, cataloguing and visualising data through an applications programming interface (API), which provides access to the wealth of sensor data extracted from project vendors’ IoT platforms. The accumulation of sensor data in near real-time and via a single API access to that data removes the need for Suffolk County Council and Suffolk Highways to log into and retrieve data from multiple, disparate vendor-specific systems. Data Exchange also enables new insights to be gleaned through analysis and visualisation of sources of data previously not brought together, as figure 1 below illustrates. Data Exchange provides a searchable catalogue of data feeds and gives Suffolk County Council the ability to locate and subscribe to data feeds. Once subscribed,

Figure 1. How the ‘Data Exchange’ platform works for local authorities

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CMS and smart lighting the council can also query sources of data in a consistent manner via Data Exchange’s API. Users have the ability to read and leave community-based reviews against data feeds, read documented descriptions of how to access the data and test the datafeed mechanisms via an open API. Data Exchange also provides functions to manage the evolution of data feeds via version-control mechanisms. These enable users to create and commission new data feeds, revise existing data feeds and decommission feeds that are no longer required. In addition, terms and conditions of usage are associated with each data feed; these need to be agreed to by users subscribing to those data feeds. Data Exchange’s data feeds are controlled by a visibility mechanism, which can be set as either private (which only gives visibility to the owner of the data feed), semi-public (where access to the feed is available by invitation only, for example sensitive data feeds that require authorisation) or public (or where access to the feed is freely available to all registered users). Datasets currently accrued in the Smarter Suffolk Data Exchange include road-surface temperature, air temperature, traffic count/speed/classification, air quality, grit and waste-bin levels, wind speed, and roadside gully water and silt levels. Sensors to detect bridge strikes will be introduced towards the end of the project (expected, in fact, to be this month, May 2022). This is shown in figure 2 below. The day-to-day operation of Data Exchange and the integration of the initial set of data feeds has been managed by BT Applied Research (again at Adastral Park, Suffolk). BT Applied Research also provided guidance for suppliers opting to integrate sources of data onto Data Exchange. BT Technology provides second- and third-line support for the platform,

Left: a gully sensor in situ and (right) when lifted up

dealing with any technology-specific issues raised by Suffolk County Council.

COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS

Smarter Suffolk data covers different technical themes – from air pollution to information for winter gritting and gully cleansing – in which decisions are made within a wide range of legislative and business drivers. How data becomes action varies in terms of process and timescale. Enabling data to reach the automated decision process or human users in a usable timescale is essential. The project explored the use of a range of different communications networks to transmit data from the physical sensors to the internet for access by users and, where needed, instructions to the actuators. Some of these networks are low-power, wide-area networks, such as LoRaWAN, which are ideal for widespread IoT sensors. These new networks enable sensors powered by small batteries to operate for up to ten years, transmitting simple data packets to gateways up to ten kilometers away. Different network technologies have different advantages and disadvantages in terms of power usage and whether sensors can be battery or renewable operated, or whether they require power connections.

There can also be differences in the provision and management of the network, in range from their gateway, and in service. Some of the sensors under trial use the LoRa network deployed by Norfolk and Suffolk as the largest LoRaWAN innovation network deployment. Others use mobile data in the form of GSM (global system for mobile communications). Some sensors specifically use the communications network operated by the street lighting suppliers for their central management system, whether this network is using a proprietary protocol or a published standard, such as ZigBee. Use of non-proprietary standards enables communications interfaces with sensor equipment from third-party manufacturers. We anticipate seeing increasing use of NB-IoT (Narrow-Band Internet of Things) in smart technologies increasing over the next few years, as mobile providers roll out their provision of this technology across the UK. There is significant potential for street lighting communications’ networks also to provide the communications network for a wider range of environmental data and social support services. The use of open protocols enables suppliers to use commercially available equipment from other manufacturers which use the same communications protocol.

ROLE OF LIGHTING COLUMNS

Figure 2. This shows some of the datasets currently accrued in the Smarter Suffolk Data Exchange

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Increased use of lighting columns as infrastructure for sensors and communication networks is leading to the increased attachment of products to columns. Working with CU Phosco Lighting, Smarter Suffolk is collaboratively designing a retrospective lighting cowl installed at height for communications infrastructure. Sensors mounted externally on lighting columns need to be above head height and, even then, are potentially subject to public interference. For air quality in particular, readings are of most interest at head height, especially

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CMS and smart lighting head height of infants in prams and pushchairs. Air-quality measurements high above ground level do not, after all, represent the conditions that affect human health. Therefore, as one part of this project, a lighting column is being designed with air intake at a low height for an internally fitted air-quality sensor. A further significant benefit of using the street lighting infrastructure assets for sensor deployment is energy, notably the ease of connecting the sensors to their lighting power network. However, it is important to recognise that alternative sources of power are important. An off-grid power source enables the installation of sensors where there is no access to network power, so extending their geographical range and reducing environmental and economic costs. Smarter Suffolk is investigating the potential for lights and sensors to be powered by in-situ renewable energy generation. In fact, solar powered lanterns have been installed in locations where underground connections are unavailable. The use of low-power communication networks has meant some deployed sensors have been battery powered. Sending small data packets over low-power networks means they can run for many years from small batteries. Other sensors are trialling renewable wind and solar power.

CONCLUSIONS – WHAT NEXT?

Suffolk County Council is considering which products and systems will be most beneficial to retain and expand. The decisions here are largely driven by financial feasibility, business case and environmental benefit (for example, the carbon reduction associated with Suffolk’s climate emergency declaration). Suffolk has already seen significant power-saving benefits from its sensor-controlled dynamic streetlight dimming programme, leading to an expansion of the programme. The potential for other sensors depends on how the real-time data gathering can impact effectively on public service decision-making, and on the potential cost effectiveness of the impact. Based on ongoing business case assessments, Suffolk County Council considers that the most significant savings are likely to be in a range of areas. Using distributed sensors will become an increasing part of adult social care, so

Windage monitors being installed and once in situ at Adastral Park

enabling people to remain independent. We also expect to see continuing development in granularity of winter gritting using infill sensors, so reducing the miles driven and the grit spread with decision-making that is targeted to more localised geographical areas. Other sensors may be best used in selected locations, for example deployed to monitor bins or gullies in locations known to benefit from automated early information. These could be locations known to be problematic or that are harder to access safely. Drainage and flood sensors could trigger automatic signage, warning road users of flooding ahead, for example. Air-quality information is of increasing importance, with the Environment Bill 2020 raising the profile of fine particulate matter monitoring. We anticipate the increase in real-time air-quality monitoring in urban settings, with changes in measured concentrations of target pollutants potentially triggering signage-directing dynamic route selection for vehicles. Evaluation of sensors will inform meaningful cost-benefit decisions and implementation plans. Decisions about public service communications networks should be made in a collaborative way, enabling efficient infrastructure sharing across the local authority services. Can the network installed for street lighting CMS be leveraged for support of vulnerable adults, for example? Or can street lighting use commercially available networks, like the new NB-IoT protocol? Such infrastructure and service sharing will be a cost-effective use of public funds. Finally, the Smarter Suffolk project has investigated the potential for wider deployment of all these sensors.

Installation of sensors needs to become a viable way to gather information that enables services to e provided or essential information to be gathered. Pricing of sensors – like much other technology hardware – is expected to fall dramatically in the future. With falling hardware, communications, data storage and access pricing, the balance of sensor data to manual action changes. We would anticipate an exponential increase in IoT sensors across the country being used to monitor environmental parameters for environmental and highways management. There are currently hundreds of such sensors. Within a decade there could be thousands, or even more. The infrastructure today needs to be ready for the sensing and automation of tomorrow. • The Smarter Suffolk project is part of the £22.9m ADEPT (Association of Directors of Environment, Economy, Planning and Transport) SMART Places Live Labs programme funded by the Department for Transport, as part of ADEPT’s SMART Places research programme. Dr Hannah Steventon is research associate at the University of Suffolk, working on sensors and data for decision-making in public services. Richard Webster is director of Smarter Suffolk and Suffolk County Council’s street lighting manager. Ian Thurlow is research manager at BT, Applied Research. Professor Nicholas Caldwell is professor of information systems engineering and associate dean (business engagement) at the University of Suffolk. Professor John Davies is chief researcher at BT’s Future Business Technology Research, and visiting professor at the University of Manchester.

[1] ‘Live Labs – transforming local places’, ADEPT Smart Places Live Labs, https://www.adeptnet.org.uk/livelabs [2] Clean Air Strategy 2019, Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs and others, https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/clean-air-strategy-2019; Environment Bill 2020, Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs, https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/environment-bill-2020 [3] MK Smart (Milton Keynes) https://www.mksmart.org/; CityVerve Manchester, https://www.digitalfutures.manchester.ac.uk/about-us/ case-studies/cityverve/

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KNOWLEDGE UPDATE New guidance to help those involved in the specification, design, manufacture, procurement or installation of lighting columns is being included in the latest revision of PD 6547, the key guidance document for using BS EN 40. Here is what ILP members need to know By David Lodge

This page and overleaf showing various CU Phosco projects, all photographs by John Zammit. Main image: the M42 juntion 5. Top: Pye Corner, Wales (right) and Kensington, west London

s most ILP members will probably know, lighting columns in the UK are designed and manufactured to British Standard BS EN 40 [1]. This standard sets out the standard details for lighting columns and includes terms and definitions (BS EN 40 Part 1), dimensions and tolerances (BS EN 40 Part 2), design calculations and testing (BS EN 40 Parts 3-1 to 3-3), and the requirements for manufacturing and certifying columns of various materials (Parts 5 to 7). To ensure that lighting columns are suitable for the location in which they are installed, lighting column manufacturers and designers use the calculation methods in BS EN 40-3-1 and BS EN 40-3-3 for, respectively, the wind-load calculations and to calculate the strength and stiffness of lighting columns. The key drawback with the design method provided in BS EN 40 is

MAY 2022 LIGHTING JOURNAL

Guidance and standards that it provides a site-specific column design. PD 6547 was therefore developed in 2004 to provide a method to allow manufacturers to bulk-design columns, ensuring making the design suitable to cover a whole administrative area [2]. This significantly simplifies design, procurement and installation operations for new or replacement lighting columns. As such, the use of PD 6547 is central to the current lighting column supply chain in the UK.

‘HUMBLE’ LAMPPOST OR SMART CITY ‘MINOR STRUCTURE’?

Looking to the future, the demands placed on lighting columns will increase because of their convenient location for the general population, as well as their accessibility, height and the available electricity supply. Local authorities, national highways authorities, telecommunications companies and other smart cities product and service suppliers have realised these structures provide the ideal location for the attachment of a range of Internet of Things (IoT) or smart city devices, environmental sensors and monitors, as well as wireless communication antennae. These organisations can apply to the asset owner (for example the local authority) for permission to add their equipment to a lighting column. These organisations can be referred to as the ‘applicant’. Each individual attachment places its own increased demand on the structural strength of the column. Additionally, new legislation – not least of which is the Digital Economy Act 2017 including the Electronic Communications Code – makes it easier for providers of digital communication services to get permission to use public

sector assets such as lighting columns for mounting their equipment [3]. The legislation specifies that telecommunications equipment must be allowed to be installed on suitable columns provided that the applicant can demonstrate to the asset owner: • the lighting column has the physical space and mounting arrangement to include or attach the proposed equipment without compromising safe access for maintenance; • structural design calculations showing that the selected column has sufficient structural capacity to safely support the additional loads from the proposed attachment at the intended installation height without compromising the durability, stability, or integrity of the lighting column; and • the column’s electrical equipment can be safely adapted to supply the electrical equip-

ment related to the new attachment without compromising the safety or r e l i a b i l i t y o f t h e c o m p l et e installation. There might be attachment-specific aspects, in addition to these three fundamental checks, which also prevent the equipment being mounted at the desired height. It is the applicant’s role to gather the necessary evidence and present it to the asset owner to seek their permission before proceeding. Failure to adequately engage with the asset owner, follow the application process, or to provide an attachment permission application sent to a local authority could result in significant delays in the granting of approval or ultimately could

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MAY 2022 LIGHTING JOURNAL

Guidance and standards

Clockwise: Kensington, west London; the A316; Pye Corner

result in the application being rejected because of lack of evidence. For guidance on attachment permission applications see the ILP’s GN12 The smart lighting column [4].

THE 2022 REVISION OF PD 6547

The 2022 revision of PD 6547 provides the lighting community with more guidance on the safety issues concerning the implementation of smart cities and smart streets. In addition to the guidance on future-proofing lighting columns for smart cities and smart streets, the following changes have been added: • better explanation of how rationalised wind-loading factors are derived; • guidance on the adoption of National Highways CD 354 fatigue checks; • methods for design of flange plate to CD 354; • guidance for designers using multiple or non-standard-sized cable slots; • outline arrangements for different lighting column foundations and mounting arrangements;

• design considerations for retrofitting attachments onto existing lighting columns; • design considerations for adapting lighting columns for retrofit attachments including adding new holes; and • considerations for retrofitting EV charge points.

SUMMARY OF NEXT STEPS

As part of the process of approving and issuing PD 6547, a Draft for Public Comment (DPC) will be published for review by industry stakeholders. This is due to go live on the Standards Development Portal this month. See the web address opposite for how to access the portal. After consideration and inclusion of the relevant comments from the DPC, PD 6547: 2022 is expected to be published on the BSI webshop in October [5].

GET INVOLVED

If you would like to review and/or comment on the DPC, please visit the BSI’s Standards Development Portal at https://standardsdevelopment. bsigroup.com/ or contact the Lighting Column Technical Forum through its website, http://www.lctf.org.uk/

FIND OUT MORE

David Lodge will be presenting on PD 6547 at next month’s ILP Professional Lighting Summit in Bristol, so book your ticket to hear him speak! Turn to page 46 to find out what’s happening and what to expect at this year’s face-to-face summit. Alternatively you can use this QR code:

David Lodge is technical director at CU Phosco Lighting and chair of BSI B/509/50 lighting columns standards committee responsible for drafting PD 6547

[1] BS EN 40-3 – Lighting columns. Design and verification https://landingpage.bsigroup. com/LandingPage/Series?UPI=BS%20EN%2040-3 [2] PD 6547: Guidance on the use of BS EN 40-3-1 and BS EN 40-3-3 https://standardsdevelopment.bsigroup.com/ projects/9020-04085#/section [3] Digital Economy Act 2017, https://www.legislation. gov.uk/ukpga/2017/30/contents/enacted; Electronic Communications Code, https:// www.ofcom.org.uk/phones-telecoms-and-internet/information-for-industry/policy/ electronic-comm-code [4] GN12 The smart lighting column, The ILP, https://theilp.org.uk/ publication/guidance-note-12-the-smart-lighting-column/ [5] You can visit the BSI shop at https://shop.bsigroup.com/

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THE CELLULAR CITY The use of cellular technology in smart cities and intelligent street lighting is still relatively new. But its combination of flexibility and interoperability is increasingly making it the goto choice for a more sustainable connected lighting solution By Mark Cooper

he initial hype around smart cities has passed, with applications now moving beyond early pilots and proof of concepts into commercially deployed systems. There is a wide range of options when it comes to which wireless IoT (Internet of Things) technology to deploy but not all are suitable to overcome the challenges imposed by the requirements of a smart city. Each has different capabilities and strengths, making them better suited for

certain deployment scenarios and applications. However, the most important of these is longevity and support for the technology. The danger of not thinking about longevity and support is that, ultimately, the choice of an unsuitable technology can lead to the failure of a smart city vision. But how can you pick the winners and avoid deploying a technology that is at risk of unplanned obsolescence? There is one major factor present in all

wireless IoT technologies that have successfully made the transition from pilot to the mainstream – this is that they are based on standards-based technologies rather than closed proprietary ones. In fact, it’s been clear for some time that the vendors that have promoted proprietary technologies are those that have struggled to gain traction, with the past few years having seen the fall of, for example, Harvard Technology and Sigfox both entering administration and the muchhyped LoRaWAN now facing its own public network challenges [1]. There are significant benefits for all players involved in connected technologies in developing standards-based technologies. The most obvious from a city’s perspective is being able to avoid ‘lock-in’ from using a proprietary solution from a single

MAY 2022 LIGHTING JOURNAL

CMS and smart lighting vendor. The risk here is that this then forces you to buy equipment from that vendor alone. In contrast to this, standards-based technologies are developed after gathering a huge amount of knowledge and input from across the ecosystem, and so are likely to be technically better. But they also introduce competition between vendors, allowing customers to buy from multiple suppliers knowing that interoperable technologies will work together seamlessly, with better prices, and avoiding the potential pitfalls of single-vendor sourcing.

WHY CELLULAR DOESN’T JUST MEAN MOBILE

In the smart city world, the most important and successful standards we have seen to date (and are now using) are the 3GPP family of cellular IoT technologies – ‘Long-Term Evolution for Machines’ (LTE-M) and ‘Narrow-Band Internet of Things’ (NB-IoT). Cellular IoT refers to the 3GPP standardised family of secure operator-managed IoT networks deployed in licensed spectrum. These have been designed to support IoT applications that are low cost, use low data rates, require long battery lives, can operate in remote and hard to reach locations, and which are based on existing cellular networks that have evolved to deliver service to billions of new devices providing complete IoT connectivity. Due to the diversity of IoT application requirements, a single technology is not capable of addressing all the LPWA (lowpower wide-area) use cases. It is for this reason that the mobile industry has focused on LTE-M and NB-IoT as two complementary licensed 3GPP standards. Cellular technology in smart cities and intelligent street lighting is still relatively new but its technical specifications (as described below) make it the analyst’s choice as the leading technology for IoT applications in smart cities. In fact, according to recent reports from the specialist IoT analyst firm Transforma Insights, cellular IoT will account for over two-thirds of all IoT connections by 2030, which is estimated to be more than 633 million end points in smart city applications alone [2]. There are several critical factors that must be considered when making an evaluation of suitable IoT network solutions: bandwidth and data throughput, cost, coverage, power consumption, security, and standards. These are outlined in more detail in the figures on the right. www.theilp.org.uk

MAY 2022 LIGHTING JOURNAL

CMS and smart lighting

Let’s now take a look at why this technology is having such a disruptive impact on IoT and connected street lighting. Traditionally low-power wide-area networks (LPWANs) have required extensive network planning and additional hardware (base stations/gateways/access points) to be meticulously deployed and installed in pre-selected locations before street lighting controllers and IoT devices can be installed. This pre-install work adds increased complexity and costs in terms of stocking, project management, installation and ongoing operation and maintenance of the privately managed networks. These traditional networks also operate in the unlicensed spectrum frequencies, where devices and applications as diverse as Wi Fi networks, taxicab firm radios and radio-controlled cars can also exist. This inevitably brings problems with clashes, bandwidth, and signal disruption, which can mean lost data and disruption in service. It means there is a need to find ways to protect against this happening and prevent loss of signal, all of which adds further costs to the network hardware and loss of reputation when this interference occurs, along with the cost of trying to resolve these issues. Cellular IoT, however, exists in the licensed spectrum along with your mobile phone signal and so has no such problems, as this licensed spectrum is protected and enforced by the UK government via the regulator Ofcom. Legislation gives Ofcom and the courts considerable scope to punish offenders and to deter others, including imprisonment for some offences. Unlimited fines may be imposed by higher courts. The courts can also order offenders to forfeit expensive equipment and to pay Ofcom’s prosecution costs. Cellular IoT devices are also as close to ‘plug and play’ as we can get to in the street lighting controller sector, with automatic location, LED lantern and driver information upload and commissioning all carried out within minutes of powering up the unit. www.theilp.org.uk

No more stickers on a plan or spreadsheet, no scanning of barcodes to locate a device and manually checking or adjusting asset information – these devices do it all for you! So, what are some of the more technical aspects to be considered in designing a cellular node with these features as compared to that of previous generation technology? The key, to my mind, is interoperability.

INTEROPERABILITY’S THE THING…

Interoperability is critical, allowing nodes or networks to work with equipment from different manufacturers, allowing data exchange using open standards. However, we also need to bear in mind that, when one product or system must adapt its solution to a proprietary system, we will be speaking about compatibility and not about interoperability. Interoperability is a key topic for today’s

smart cities. Proprietary IoT solutions frequently lead to vendor lock-in, difficult and expensive integration with others, poor or non-existent updates and, eventually, its obsolescence. The increasing standardisation at all levels of the solution means that, beyond the wireless network for connectivity, we are seeing widespread adoption of other standards such as uCIFI, LwM2M, and TALQ. These complement the increased security features and wider network coverage that cellular networks provide. Ultimately, with the proper device management and scalable deployments, these future-proof solutions are now a sustainable reality for smart cities and connected lighting.

Mark Cooper IEng MILP is solutions manager at urbancontrol

[1] ‘Harvard Technology Limited enters administration’, Business Sale Report, December 2018, https://www.business-sale.com/news/administration/harvard-technology-limited-entersadministration-218275; ‘IoT startup Sigfox files for insolvency’, Data Center Dynamics, February 2022, https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/iot-startup-sigfox-files-forbankruptcy/; ‘Bouygues abandonne LoRaWAN’, L’Informaticien, March 2022, https://www.linformaticien.com/magazine/tendances/949-objets-connectes/59424-bouygues-abandonnelorawan.html [2] ‘Global IoT market to grow to 24.1 billion devices in 2030, generating $1.5 trillion annual revenue’, Transforma Insights, May 2020, https://transformainsights.com/news/ iot-market-24-billion-usd15-trillion-revenue-2030

MAY 2022 LIGHTING JOURNAL

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ENABLING GROWTH Two research reports have predicted that we can expect to see continued growth in demand for Internet of Things-enabled street lighting and smart building technologies, although this may cause challenges in terms of future skills gaps and talent shortages By Nic Paton

nterest in, and demand for, connected and Internet of Things-enabled (IoT) street lighting has risen sharply in the past five years, according to a report by the Wi-Sun Alliance. The report, The journey to IoT maturity, is a follow-up to an assessment of the IoT market carried out in 2017 by the alliance, a global member-based association focused on interoperable wireless solutions [1]. Its revisiting of the market, based on a poll

of 300 IT decision-makers in the US and the UK between January and February 2022, found 72% said their organisation was intending to invest in or roll out smart street lighting, compared with 61% in 2017. A range of other lighting-related connected technologies had also been growing. Smart parking (77%) had seen the biggest rise since 2017 (up from 57%), followed by traffic lights and controls (76% up from 58%), noise and air sensors (79% up from

62%) and electric vehicle charging (79% up from 66%). The attraction of smart street lighting was its ability to enable municipalities to control energy use and costs while maintaining citizen safety and security, the report argued. Other areas growing in interest include water loss/leak detection and mandatory carbon monitoring, the report also highlighted.

BARRIERS TO GROWTH

However, a number of key barriers to growth remain. Not even half (47%) of all the organisations polled had managed fully to implement their IoT strategy, the report concluded, a figure actually lower than the 55% reported in 2017. This was also lower among respondents in the UK than in the US (39% compared to 51%) despite those in the UK being more likely to see IoT enablement as a top three IT priority for the next 12 months.

MAY 2022 LIGHTING JOURNAL

Smart and connected lighting

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Smart and connected lighting

A quarter (24%) of all respondents still believed security was one of the top three barriers to IoT adoption, although this was down from 58% five years ago. However, security and safety remained the most common technical challenge among respondents (42%). In addition, there are growing concerns over the complexity of IT infrastructure (34% up from 24% in 2017) and the need to see proven return on investment (27% up from 17% in 2017). When it came to IoT strategies, security was more of a focus generally in the UK, with more than half of respondents (53%) acknowledging that ‘the data we collect is secure’ compared to a third (34%) in the US. Perhaps unsurprisingly, Covid-19 had had an impact on project rollouts, with more than a third of those polled (37%) admitted to having to reprioritise spending, and 35% seeing budgets cut because of a loss of revenue during the pandemic. ‘Five years ago the market was less mature with many smart city and smart utility projects still in their infancy,’ said Phil Beecher, president and chief executive of Wi-SUN Alliance. ‘Our latest research shows that organisations are becoming more ambitious and sophisticated in their thinking – IoT is now a bigger priority than ever across all sectors, and the scale of what is being planned over the next few years is encouraging. ‘But what’s clear is that the journey to IoT maturity isn’t without its stumbling blocks. Obstacles still remain and organisations, supported by IoT services and solutions providers and the industry as a whole, must

work to overcome a mixture of technical and non-technical barriers,’ he added.

SMART BUILDINGS

Separately, research has also suggested that the number of buildings globally deploying smart building technologies will accelerate in the next five years. A study by market analyst Juniper Research has argued the number of ‘smart’ buildings will reach 115 million by 2026, compared to 45 million currently [2]. The number of global shipments of sensors used in smart buildings will exceed one billion annually in 2026, up from 360 million in 2022, a growth of 204%, it added, with smart lighting, heating and ventilation all set to be critical growth areas. Non-residential and commercial smart buildings are projected to account for 90% of smart building spend globally by 2026, it added. Commenting on the findings, Gavin Holvey, UK and Ireland general manager at smart controls company Priva, highlighted that this growth in demand could lead to skills gaps and talent shortages if the industry wasn’t careful. ‘The numbers that Juniper have predicted are phenomenal, albeit on a global basis. To get there, much will need to be done – particularly in the UK – to address the skills gap in training more people to engineer and commission smart building technologies,’ he pointed out.

[1] ‘The journey to IoT maturity’, Wi-Sun Alliance, https://wi-sun.org/iot-maturity-model/ [2] ‘Smart buildings: key opportunities, competitor leaderboard and market forecasts 2022-2026’, Juniper Research, https://www.juniperresearch.com

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DIGITAL CANVAS The mesmerising four-storey digital media façade on Manchester Metropolitan University’s new School of Digital Arts provides an interactive canvas for students to showcase their artworks. Indirectly, it also illustrates how important it is lighting communicates the huge advances we’ve seen in control in recent years By Nic Paton

f you’d expect anywhere to be up for embracing cutting-edge, immersive architectural lighting it would be Manchester Metropolitan University’s (MMU) new School of Digital Arts (SODA). The school describes itself as a hub for ‘the next generation of creative content’ and its new £35m building certainly lives up to the

billing, not least in its mesmerising, interactive four-storey digital media façade. We’ll come to the façade in a moment, as well as how it feeds into a fascinating wider conversation around the fast pace of change in control technologies and how our industry can collaborate to make the most out of this ever-changing technology The building, however, designed by architects Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios, is aiming to create a new interdisciplinary learning environment that reflects the ubiquity of the screen in all our lives. A pleated metal façade ‘reflects the local context and activity above a new pedestrian street between SODA and the adjacent Benzie Building, part of the Manchester School of Art’, as Steve Wilby, associate at Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios, describes. A double-height ‘digital hall’ provides informal break-out spaces, alongside a café,

foyer, screening room and exhibition space, all of which leads off into more specialised studio spaces. There is a digital innovation lab, open workspaces, green screens, edit suites, screening space, a media gallery, sound and music studios and production studios.

VIDEO MAPPING

It is the media façade, however, that really catches the eye. It has been installed by architectural lighting and control technology practice Studiotech. Studiotech supplied and installed 8,059 individually addressable Traxon Archishape 2.0 dots, each controlled by Traxon’s e:cue control system. The façade includes advanced features such as video mapping, and visual automation tools, allowing the users to upload video content to the lighting display.

MAY 2022 LIGHTING JOURNAL

Architectural lighting

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MAY 2022 LIGHTING JOURNAL

Architectural lighting ‘It was FCB Studios’ vision, but our role was to bring that vision to life,’ Studiotech director Ed Vickery tells Lighting Journal. ‘They, naturally, wanted it to be very much tied back to SODA, given that it is the School of Digital Arts. So, the big, big thing for them was the students; interaction with the students using this screen to display their talents. ‘It is a beacon now within the area. But all the way through the emphasis has been on the students. It gives them that ability to create something and then display it to Manchester, which is pretty cool really,’ he adds. Studiotech provided controls’ training for the team at SODA, which has meant students now have the ability to upload their own creative content and artwork on to the façade. ‘You’ve got so much ability and functionality with this technology nowadays that the content creation to go with it is absolutely pivotal,’ Ed emphasises. ‘At a practical and technological level, this sort of project is not the most complicated you are going to do, but it is about the scale, co-ordination between trades, and then getting the content right. ‘We worked with SODA’s tech team, who were absolutely fantastic as well, to create the functionality that has allowed the students to have, essentially, a blank canvas. It is a platform via which students can create and then upload video files to the façade, in a resolution and scale that we have given to the SODA team. ‘It is all managed by the MMU staff who we have trained in usage and uploading. Then it can be taken one step further through more interactive content which is

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The new MMU School of Digital Arts media façade. All images by Design Crawl | Interior Media

something very much in the pipeline,’ Ed adds.

MITIGATION OF LIGHT POLLUTION

In terms of energy usage, based on typical light usage in media solutions being at around 25-30% of the total potential output, Ed estimates the SODA media façade to have a total annual energy consumption of 9,580 kWh per year. This, he points out, is similar to that of an electric car that travels around 25,000 miles per annum. ‘The total power used by all the lights add up to about 16kW; they should never use this much power as this would mean the screen is all on white at full brightness. As the screen

runs animation and video, a more realistic figure would be a third of this, or less, which is comparable to the power used by two kettles. It is about maximum impact with minimal consumption,’ he explains. Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios was careful to carry out a light pollution assessment for the project (via lighting design practice LAPD), which Studiotech fully supported, as the contribution of badly lit media screens to light pollution in the city is something Ed feels passionately about. ‘There are screens placed all around Manchester that are just grotesque; it is almost at the point when you are walking around the city thinking ‘where is this red hue coming from?’ and then you realise it is from a horrendously overly bright media screen,’ Ed says. ‘Some of the façades and screens you see are just insanely bright. It can be a major problem but because it is an abstract art installation it doesn’t have to have that same, high level of output and intensity of output that the screens seem to have. The output required by each node is very low. A GU10 in your house is probably five times the power of one of the dots,’ he adds. Projects such as this, however, feed into a wider industry conversation that Ed is also passionate about – the opportunity, or more accurately the often-missed or overlooked opportunity, of control systems. ‘The advent of LED technology has afforded lighting designers the ability to create the most incredible lighting projects that simply wouldn’t have been possible just a decade ago. This is an amazing thing for our industry and light sources have now become considerably more advanced and capable of delivering stunning solutions,’ Ed says.

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Architectural lighting MISSED OPPORTUNITY AROUND CONTROL

While the rise to dominance of LED in recent years has been well-documented, perhaps less attention has been given to the similar advances made in lighting control more recent years, he argues. ‘For the vast majority of our dynamic lighting projects, we have spent around 95% of our time and effort on the light source and its integration and 5% on the programming of the content that this light source would be displaying,’ Ed explains. ‘I have always found this fact unusual, in that a client spends tens or hundreds of thousands of pounds developing a solution, only for it never to really be used to anything like its full potential. It feels like designing and manufacturing a Bugatti Veyron then using it to pootle to the supermarket and back every other Monday. The car will still look stunning but is not being used to anything like its potential,’ Ed adds. ‘There needs, I feel, to be a much more coherent and collaborative conversation between the designer, programmer and client to ensure that the full potential of programming as well as design is realised.’ However, such a change of approach would also mean the need for a new conversation around funding and ongoing costs, Ed concedes. ‘The designer has done their concept; amazing. They’ve charged their fee but there is no fee after that for ongoing concept creation or development. It might be as little as £10,000 out of, say, a £500,000 build fee, so a relatively small additional figure. For £10,000, however, you can have probably the most extraordinary, often interactive or immersive, scheme. ‘If you’re still running the test sequence seven years’ on – and I know some projects, even award-winning projects, where this has happened – why not just put a relatively small amount of money behind your project to make a massive difference?’ Ed questions. The other elephant in the room here, of course, is that, too often, the lighting designer is a late entrant to the design ‘party’, let alone the consideration given to control and content creation post occupancy. ‘What needs to happen is that this is built in during the early stages. Once we know exactly how a vision will work, once we know what the effects are and what’s going to be really effective in the space, we then know we have the money in that pot – because it has been allocated by the client – for that content creation,’ Ed argues. ‘In my experience, this is absolutely not through the lack of desire from the designer

or integrator,’ Ed emphasises in conclusion. ‘Again, in my experience, the designer would love nothing more than to be able to go wild with their creation. But there does too often appear to be this disconnect that doesn’t allow this to happen. ‘However, if we can combine the incredible advancements we have seen in light sources with the equally progressive control systems, our collective ability to create transcendent and unique lighting projects will be advanced considerably,’ he adds.

PROJECT CREDITS

Client: Manchester Metropolitan University Architect: Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios Lighting and controls integrators: Studiotech Main contractor: Kier M&E contractor: Dodd Group

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OUTDOOR LIVING E The new lighting scheme for Elephant Park in London’s Elephant & Castle is designed to create a much more inviting outdoor after-dark experience for Londoners and visitors alike to enjoy By Nic Paton

lephant Park is known as the ‘green heart’ at the centre of the regeneration of the Elephant & Castle area of south London. The park is part of an ongoing development and regeneration masterplan, combining ambitions for new homes, shops, offices and restaurants and more tree-lined streets in the area as well as, critically, the creation of a green and open space – the park area itself. The first phase of the park opened to the community in 2017, bringing together existing mature trees, rolling lawns and plants and a temporary play area including climbing walls, swings, a slide and sand pit.

Last summer (June 2021), a second development stage was launched, with the aim to double the amount of green space with more trees, plants, and lawns, and the creation of a larger, permanent play area known as ‘Elephant Springs’. A network of accessible paths has been created to allow visitors to walk through and around the edges of the park, experiencing the plants and wildlife.

‘OUTDOOR LIVING ROOM’

A key part of this new development phase has been a new lighting scheme for the park, developed by Speirs Major, which has also created the lighting masterplan for the wider

MAY 2022 LIGHTING JOURNAL

Public realm lighting

The new lighting scheme for Elephant Park, south London, by Speirs Major. All images Speirs Major plus (main image) Charles Emerson and (all others) James Newton

development. The aim has been to craft an inviting after-dark experience and allow Londoners and visitors alike to make better use of the space at night, in effect to create what Speirs Major has described as ‘an outdoor living room’. The scheme includes lit paths to support intuitive wayfinding and safe movement through the park, all framed by carefully directed highlights to trees and foliage. The aim is that a carefully crafted balance of warm light and darkness will create a homely, welcoming atmosphere within the park. Benches ‘glow’ with softly integrated lighting or are highlighted by individual ‘reading lights’, so creating comfortable areas for people to dwell and chat. Lighting is elegantly integrated within street furniture, including curved slatted benches and bike racks. Dappled lighting projections enhance the textured multi-coloured porphyry formations of the Elephant Springs play area. As Speirs Major puts it: ‘The interplay of the

light with the water jets and pools creates reflections and patterns, reminiscent of the effect of sunlight on water.’ Speirs Major senior partner Mark Major adds of the project: ‘As a major part of an extensive regeneration project with many diverse character areas, the lighting scheme for the park itself exemplifies the ambition of the original lighting masterplan. It uses light, darkness, texture and colour to create a very special experience for everyone after dark.’

PROJECT CREDITS

Client: Lend Lease UK Lighting design: Speirs Major Landscape architect: Gillespies Engineer: Buro Happold Water feature: The Fountain Workshop

www.theilp.org.uk

MAY 2022 LIGHTING JOURNAL

URBAN

BALANCE

MAY 2022 LIGHTING JOURNAL

Urban lighting Urban lighting designers constantly need to balance ensuring pedestrian and road safety with best energy usage and mitigating adverse effects on both humans and the natural world. The key to success is through also balancing technology and approach By Nick Johnson

ight-time illumination is, we all know, a necessity of modern life in many urban settings. Street lighting and other urban illumination is important to help pedestrians, drivers and other road users to identify and react to hazards. Effective illumination also reduces opportunities for criminal activity and helps people feel safer. It allows people to make judgements about those around them as well as find the safest route. However, good urban lighting is not just about the level of illumination but also the quality of light used. Colour rendering, colour temperature, and light distribution are all important factors that can significantly impact a lighting scheme. In addition, the lighting must be designed and implemented in the right way to maximise energy efficiency while minimising the unintended adverse effects that incorrect lighting can have on both humans and wildlife.

HOW DOROTHY HOUSE ACHIEVED 0% UPWARD LIGHT

orothy House Hospice Care in Bradford-on-Avon borders Winsley Mines, is a designated site of specific scientific interest, special area of conservation and hibernation roost for the Greater Horseshoe bat, writes Nick Johnson. The location also sits within a Cotswold area of outstanding natural beauty (CAONB). Designs for Lighting (DfL) was tasked with creating a scheme to light the new car park facility and worked closely with us at DW Windsor on the design. Products were selected that offered a high degree of control over light distribution and DfL specified warm-white colour temperatures of 3000K with a high CRI of 80Ra. DfL also collaborated with us to create

a bespoke luminaire shield to further reduce light spill, ensuring light levels did not exceed 0.5 lux outside the area. All luminaires feature passive infrared (PIR) controls to dim the luminaires when not needed. The design achieved 0% upward light, which helped win the project a prestigious ‘Good Lighting’ award from the Commission for Dark Skies [5]. Designing effective urban lighting can be complex as it must help ensure safety while minimising negative effects on both humans and wildlife. Innovations in lighting technology from improved LEDs and tuneable white products to advanced controls and precise optics can help designers deliver the right light in the right place at the right time.

EFFECTS ON HUMAN HEALTH

Our bodies respond to changes in light throughout the day to control sleep and support health and wellbeing. This is primarily triggered by photosensitive cells in our eyes. These cells send signals to the brain and trigger or inhibit the production of neurotransmitters. Cortisol production, which stimulates alertness during the day, is triggered by the blue wavelengths found in morning light. Meanwhile, melatonin, which helps ready the body for sleep, is produced in response to the warmer hues and reduced blue light levels found in evening light. Recent studies have shown that too much blue light in the environment at night can disrupt this cycle and impact sleep patterns [1]. This can lead to poor cognitive performance and is also linked to an increased likelihood of cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and mental health issues.

While individuals can minimise this type of light in their own homes, poorly designed street lighting can result in light trespass, which of course should always be avoided.

EFFECTS OF THE NATURAL WORLD

A growing body of evidence is demonstrating the potentially serious impact that the wrong lighting can have on wildlife [2]. One particular focus has been on bats,

which are especially affected by white light. Bats are nocturnal and rely on darkness to avoid being hunted by birds of prey. As a result, they will instinctively avoid leaving their roost if it is lit by artificial light that mimics daylight. This means their movement is restricted, and foraging grounds lost if large areas are brightly lit. Similarly, recent studies have suggested that incorrectly designed lighting is having a www.theilp.org.uk

MAY 2022 LIGHTING JOURNAL

Urban lighting serious impact on insect species that are crucial for biodiversity. As Lighting Journal highlighted last autumn, research by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH), Newcastle University and Butterfly Conservation found that moth caterpillar numbers in hedgerows under LED streetlights were 52% lower than in nearby unlit areas and 41% lower in areas lit by sodium lighting [3]. In 2020, BS 5489, the standard for road lighting, was updated and now includes a section on ecology. In particular, it refers designers to the Institution of Lighting Professionals’ Guidance Note 8 on bats and artificial lighting [4]. This also states that an ecologist should be consulted on the specification of lighting to help reduce the negative effects.

DESIGN BEST PRACTICE

One of the most important considerations is specifying products that produce light with a warmer colour temperature to minimise the amount of blue light while ensuring a high CRI for clarity and visibility. Advances in LED efficiency mean that warmer colour temperatures can now deliver equivalent light output levels of cooler light sources from just a few years ago. In addition, warmer LEDs now offer improved CRI performance compared with sodium products of the same colour temperature. For example, comparing a 1950K high-pressure sodium product to an equivalent 1800K LED, the CRI is almost three times higher – Ra25 compared with Ra70. In addition, the development of tuneable white LED technology now provides designers with another tool to help solve the issues of urban lighting. Tuneable white systems typically utilise two separate colour temperatures (for example 3000K and 2200K) that, when mixed at different intensities, can produce a range of colour temperatures. The technology allows the light to be varied from cooler colour temperatures, which can improve visual comfort and offer a sense of security, to warmer, ‘softer’ light that helps minimise the negative effects on wildlife and people. Varying the colour temperature of the light can significantly impact blue light content. For example, the blue light peak of a 2200K source is as much as 66% lower when compared with 3000K. This tuneable light can be combined with advanced controls to allow changes in brightness throughout the night, allowing designers to create schemes using a mix of colour temperatures and intensity levels. For example, a cooler colour temperature can be used during peak activity hours for better visibility and safety, then you can www.theilp.org.uk

transition to a warmer light with reduced brightness overnight. This can be reversed in the early morning when traffic levels increase. Furthermore, it may be possible for some urban lighting applications to utilise luminaires that include motion-based activation. Depending on where it is located, it may be possible to have lighting that dims or even switches off when nobody is present. This not only reduces energy wastage but also increases the number of areas in darkness, helping to minimise the impact on nocturnal wildlife. However, concerns have been raised that switching off or dimming lights at certain times of the night may increase crime and undermine safety. While a 2015 study found no correlation between streetlights being switched off and changes in traffic collisions or crime, more recent research by the Free to Be campaign suggests lighting still plays a critical role in influencing people’s perceptions of safety in a public space [6]. Another essential consideration is controlling light distribution to ensure that light is directed to where it is needed with minimal spill. This not only minimises light trespass into homes but also helps create areas of darkness for wildlife and reduces the upward ‘skyglow’ light pollution that has become an issue in recent decades. One of the key causes of skyglow is luminaires that project light above the horizontal

plane. This can be eliminated through the use of flat glass luminaires that ensure light is projected downwards. Finally, a wide range of optics for luminaires allows precise control over which areas are illuminated. Choosing the correct optic based on the type of application, such as a road or footpath, as well as the size of the space and the physical location, will help achieve a carefully controlled distribution. Light shields are also highly effective in eliminating light trespass and may be considered when illuminating sensitive areas. Nick Johnson is applications manager at DW Windsor

[1] There has been extensive research in this area published in recent years. But these are two relevant examples. West E K et al (2011). ‘Blue light from light-emitting diodes elicits a dosedependent suppression of melatonin in humans’, Journal of Applied Physiology, March 2011, available online at: https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01413.2009. Wahl S et al (2019). ‘The inner clock – Blue light sets the human rhythm’, Journal of Biophotonics, August 2019. Available online at: https://doi.org/10.1002/jbio.201900102 [2] Again, there has been extensive research in this area published in recent years. But these are two relevant examples. Gaston K J and Bennie J (2014). ‘Demographic effects of artificial nighttime lighting on animal populations’, Environmental Reviews, March 2014. Available online at: https://doi.org/10.1139/er-2014-0005. Seewagen C L and Adams A M (2021). ‘Turning to the dark side: LED light at night alters the activity and species composition of a foraging bat assemblage in the northeastern United States’, Ecology and Evolution, March 2021. Available online: https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.7466 [3] ‘Let’s use this as an opportunity’ and ‘I hope our study will help open a dialogue’, both Lighting Journal November/December 2021, vol 86, no 10; Boyes, Douglas H et al (2021). ‘Street lighting has detrimental impacts on local insect populations’, Science Advances, August 2021. Available online at: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.abi8322; [4] GN08-18 ‘Bats and artificial lighting in the UK’, available from the ILP, https://theilp.org.uk/publication/guidance-note-8-bats-and-artificial-lighting/ [5] ‘An exemplar car park lighting scheme benefiting bats, human health and the protection of our starlit skies’, DW Windsor, https://www.dwwindsor.com/projects/dorothy-house/ [6] ‘Lighting Cities: Creating Safer Spaces for Women and Girls’, by Professor Nicole Kalms, Monash University, with Chris Alexander, Tim Hunt, and Hoa Yang, Arup. Available online at: https://www.monash.edu/mada/research/lighting-cities

MAY 2022 LIGHTING JOURNAL

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VIRTUOUS CIRCLES Amid increasingly urgent climate-change warnings, a recent ILP webinar examined some of the practicalities around designing luminaires to build in a circular economy approach of restore, reuse, repair, retain and recycle By Nic Paton

Murrayfield Parish Church in Edinburgh, where Stoane Lighting worked with Kevan Shaw Lighting Design, including using circular economy approaches

ack in February, Alexia Gkika wrote in Lighting Journal about the circular economy/sustainability approach taken by Buro Happold to illuminate artist Steuart Padwick’s ‘Hope’ sculpture at Cuningar Loop on the River Clyde (‘A new hope’, vol 87 no 2). The lighting supplier the team at Buro Happold approached was Stoane Lighting, in part because it was a local supplier (based just outside Edinburgh) but, just as importantly, because it is a manufacturer known for its commitment to circular economy methodologies. That made Roger Sexton, business development lead at Stoane Lighting, the perfect candidate to present a recent webinar for ILP Scotland on ‘Luminaire design for the circular economy’. How lighting can embrace circular economy approaches so they become the norm with manufacturing and specification has become an increasingly ‘live’ topic within the industry, especially in the wake of November’s COP26 climate change summit in Glasgow. It is also set to be an important conversation and talking

MAY 2022 LIGHTING JOURNAL

Lighting and sustainability point at next month’s ILP Professional Lighting Summit in Bristol (and turn to page 50 for a preview of what to expect). Roger started his presentation by recapping what we mean by ‘the circular economy’. Often the traditional emissions-heavy economic ‘circle’ is extraction, transportation (often over longer distances as materials become scarcer), production, usage and finally deconstruction and/or recovery. The circular economy, rather, essentially means three things: ‘One is to restore materials by having long-life products or repairable products; so retaining materials. Two, lowering waste and three, having fewer greenhouse gas emissions,’ he said.

DIRE WARNINGS

Roger then briefly ran through the climate-change hole we increasingly appear to be digging for ourselves into, especially around carbon emissions. ‘In the last hundred years, humanity has put 1.5 times the amount of carbon into the atmosphere compared to the last inter-glacial period 4,000 years ago. I’m talking about nearly half a trillion tonnes since the Industrial Revolution,’ he pointed out. ‘The current consensus among scientists is that, since measurements

began, since 1880, there has been a 1.1degC increase in the earth’s temperature accompanied by a rise in sea level of over 24cm. Also, we have seen a 50% decline in the arctic sea ice; declining sea ice is contributing to rising sea levels. If we look at the effects of this, climate change is already affecting every region of earth in multiple ways,’ Roger said, Climate change was manifesting itself in ever-more extreme weather conditions, including drought, wildfires, rising sea levels, ocean acidification, biodiversity loss and accelerating extinction rates, among other extremely worrying trends. Roger also highlighted the successive, and increasingly dire, warnings we have had from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the most recent of which (in April, so after Roger’s talk) warned that it is ‘now or never’ to limit global warming; that carbon emissions must peak by 2025 and then tumble rapidly if we are to have any hope of limiting climate change [1]. November’s COP26 had led to some potentially significant agreements, Roger pointed out. ‘It was an absolute

breakthrough that, for the first time in a COP conference, fossil fuel subsidies were discussed – in terms of phasing them out. Another breakthrough was the explicit commitment to ‘phase down’ – the word was phase down rather than ‘phase out’ – coal usage. This should lead to a bigger uptake of solar power, biofuels, wind power, wave and tidal power and so on. ‘Humans have cut down about three trillion trees, about half the trees on earth, and at COP26 more than a hundred countries that between them have about 85% of the world’s forests, promised to stop deforestation by 2030,’ he added. From there, a further conversation is needed around ‘carbon extraction’, in other words sucking carbon out of the atmosphere, and how this can become a parallel track to cutting emissions.

CALCULATING CARBON

Where, however, does lighting fit within all of this? And within that, luminaire design? Roger highlighted a series of documents and regulations that likely will, in time, become increasingly important for lighting as an industry. First, there is the European Commission Circular Economy Action Plan, published in March 2020, which sets out a broad policy framework for taking a circular economy approach. The Single Lighting Regulation, EU 2019/20, then lays down specific eco-design requirements for light sources and control gears and came into force in the UK last October [2]. Then there are TM65 and TM66. TM65, from Cibse, provides guidance on how to use Environmental Product Declarations or, when they are not available, how to estimate the embodied carbon of products. As Lighting Journal highlighted in January, TM66 – Creating a Circular Economy in the Lighting Industry, is a new document from the Society and Light and Lighting, which comes with an accompanying metric ‘Circular Economy Assessment Method (CEAM)’ [3]. TM65 helps organisations make a practical transition to carrying out lifecycle assessments and measuring embodied carbon. After all, as Roger pointed out: ‘If you can’t measure the carbon to start with, then what are you talking about? ‘A luminaire manufacturer must look at their bill of materials – brass, copper, glass etc – and multiply the weights by a KgCO2e coefficients. These are then summed and other factors added like power consumption and production locations, to find the total embodied carbon. ‘The problem with complete LCAs is that there is not a harmonised methodology, which is something that the lighting industry must get to grips with,’ he added. As well as calculating carbon, it was www.theilp.org.uk

MAY 2022 LIGHTING JOURNAL

Lighting and sustainability imperative for manufacturers to be proactively designing for the longest possible life of active components, such as drivers and LED modules, and then that they are replaceable or upgradeable. This needed to include building in both mechanical and thermal flexibility. ‘Think of designing in flexibility; that there is enough room so that, if you need to replace one module with, say, another type because the first one was delisted or there has been a change of spec, then there is the mechanical room to do so,’ Roger pointed out. Creating flexibility around fixing holes was another good case in point. When designing a luminaire, ideally there should be enough fixing holes so that if, say, the space where it is being used has a change of use and different fixing centres are required, this can be accommodated without needing to replace the original unit (as shown in the bottom left image opposite). As Roger explained: ‘Let’s say you have a track spot on a base plate and let’s say it’s in a shop and there is a rebrand and they want to now use track mounting. If you have the same fixing centres for the surface mount as for the track adaptor, then you can keep the luminaires. ‘Don’t scrap them, don’t put them in a skip on the pavement to be shredded and landfilled or dumped in the ocean, keep the luminaires and swap around the components for the mounting methodology between ranges,’ he added. Alongside this, designing for long (or longer) life means designing a product so that its service record can be monitored and recorded, perhaps through Bluetooth or DALI D4i. It also means designing so that it is easy to disassemble, repair or remanufacture. Or so that, when it does reach the end of its life, good-quality recycling can take place so that the properties are retained in the materials. ‘This can come from having a unique serial number. In the case of Stoane, a product’s unique serial number is entered on our website and you find information on the materials involved, the weights, suppliers for the active components, tools required for disassembly and so forth,’ Roger highlighted.

EDINBURGH CHURCH CASE STUDY

Roger concluded his presentation by briefly examining a case study of Murrayfield Parish Church in Edinburgh, where Stoane Lighting had worked with Kevan Shaw Lighting Design to renew a series of chandeliers (above and main image on previous page). ‘Original to the church; there were ten chandeliers. Clearly, there had been a refurb www.theilp.org.uk

before and a compact metal halide lamp had been put in beneath the aluminium reflector. Then there were five incandescent lamps,’ Roger explained. ‘The lit effect from the compact metal halide lamp wasn’t great and there were energy saving and maintenance issues with the incandescent lamps. The solution was to take these out and add some more glass pendants, change the incandescents to LEDs. Kevan Shaw Lighting Design also added more lighting in the aisles to boost light levels,’ he added. When it came to deciding to go for new or renewal, one consideration, naturally, was cost. ‘The onsite costs would have been the same but, obviously, it would have cost more to make a brand-new luminaire. Heritage was another factor. It wasn’t mandatory to retain the original work, but it is part of our heritage and so you should retain it if possible. Warranties were also a consideration. If there was a refurb solution, then the warranty should be the same as new. And finally, critically, there was the carbon audit,’ Roger explained. They therefore did a TM65 carbon calculation for switching out and replacing with a new chandelier. This evaluated all the original components and the energy that would be used in terms of replacing old with new. The result was 305KgCO2e. They then did a second calculation, for renewing the old fixture. This concluded

some copper would be needed for rewiring, some glass for new shades, and various electronic components for the LEDs. But, overall, the calculation for this was 101KgCO2e, so a big difference. In fact, this was the equivalent of just over two metric tonnes of CO2, or of the carbon sequestered by 33.7 tree seedlings grown for ten years. To that end, it was a no-brainer – for the project but most of all for the environment – to go down the refresh/remanufacturing approach rather than the replacement approach. Hopefully one day, too – and one day not too far away – carbon audits will become the norm within the lighting industry, alongside light technical studies and questions on price or aesthetics, he argued. As Roger concluded: ‘This [case study] shows remanufacturing, a carbon audit and don’t forget what was taken away will also be reused; it will probably be re-smelted to make a recycled product.’

FIND OUT MORE

The full webinar, ‘Luminaire design for the circular economy’, can be viewed at https://theilp.org.uk/ ilp-scotland-cpd-webinar-luminaire-design-for-the-circular-economy/

[1] ‘Climate change: IPCC scientists say it’s “now or never” to limit warming’, BBC April, 2022, https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-60984663 [2] European Commission Circular Economy Action Plan, https://ec.europa.eu/environment/strategy/circular-economy-action-plan_en; Single Lighting Regulation EU 2019/20 – ecodesign requirements for light sources and separate control gears, https://www.ul.com/news/new-european-single-lighting-regulation-what-know [3] TM65 ‘Embodied carbon in building services: A calculation methodology’, https://www.cibse.org/knowledge/knowledge-items/detail?id=a0q3Y00000IPZOhQAP; TM66 – Creating a Circular Economy in the Lighting Industry, SLL, CIBSE, November 2021, https:// www.cibse.org/news-and-policy/november-2021/tm66-creating-a-circular-economy-in-the-lighting

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he first post-war Association of Public Lighting Engineers (APLE) conference took place in Glasgow in September 1945, and saw President E J Stewart, Glasgow’s inspector of lighting, take to the podium for an unprecedented third time. As we discussed in the previous article, the longevity of the war and the Association’s semi-stasis during that period had lengthened his tenure ( ‘The three

MAY 2022 LIGHTING JOURNAL

Light on the past presidential addresses: part one’, March 2022, vol 87 no 3). His first address had been due to be presented at the 1939 Conference but was cancelled because of the outbreak of hostilities. His second was to a brief inter-war Conference in 1943, which was held in London. So, he was only finally able to give a ‘full’ Presidential address to Conference in 1945. Yet, as we shall see, rather than rest on his laurels and repurpose and reorganise his previous recitals, Stewart wrote a very different paper. It dealt with the future – but not quite the immediate future everyone was expecting. The venue for the 1945 Conference was still Glasgow, where it had been intended to be held in 1939 had it not been rudely ‘stood-up’ by the beginning of war. However, the 1945 iteration did not have much of a victory feel to it. It was largely presented as stoic resumption of business from 1939. The same manufacturers were in attendance, albeit not to the number of the 1939 Conference. Most of the papers, too, were little had changed, despite the need now to make the transition from wartime to peacetime street lighting practice and theory. Francis Middleton’s ‘Lighting of Bends, Junctions and Roundabouts’ had hardly altered; not totally unexpected, as it would’ve been difficult for any new research in this field during the war years.

J G Christopher and J S Smith, with their ‘Engineering Principles in Street Lighting’ were able to expand on their original themes, as wartime experience with certain materials had increased knowledge, particularly in the field of metal corrosion. They also mentioned how plastics would have a future role in street lighting design, particularly translucent materials, such as the relatively new ‘Perspex’. They were cautious, however, feeling that the future of plastics would most likely be for small components within the lantern, rather than major parts of the assembly. All of this almost paled into insignificance when it came to Stewart’s opening address. He started by briefly mentioning his previous two papers and their themes. And then, promising to keep it short – although at eight papers it wasn’t – he started his paper. ‘Today, I draw attention to some present features of our local lighting, which has not yet fully reached post-war status, and to the incidence of some post-war town planning on our lighting problems and programmes,’ he began. As the paper continued, it became clear that Stewart was not thinking about knowledge gained during the war, of how new materials could be used, but of the far bigger picture – that of a new ‘50-Year Plan’ for town planners. As the bombs dropped during the war, the town planners sharpened their pencils, and got to work drawing up the ambitious post-war plans that would emerge

from the conflict’s rubble and destruction. A great rebuilding was going to take place and replacing like-with-like was not an option. The most famous was ‘The County of London Plan’, drawn up by John Forshaw and Sir Leslie Patrick Abercrombie in 1942.

THE ‘BRUCE REPORT’

As Forshaw and Abercrombie dealt with the rebuilding of a shattered London, their counterpart in Glasgow, the city engineer Robert Bruce, was laying out even more ambitious plans for a new city. Stewart devoted a portion of his address to dealing with Bruce’s plan, the so-called ‘Bruce Report’, conceding that a ‘preliminary glance at the principles of this comprehensive plan may be profitable.’ Whether he was behind it or not, Stewart thought it was going to happen, and felt it prudent to mention its ramifications. ‘Glasgow has suffered very little from war-damage, and so there is no easy lead in that way to the radical alterations which modern traffic demands. Various planners have suggested ways to overcome the difficulties,’ he said. ‘The most recent, most official, and perhaps most sweeping of such plans is that put forward this year by our City Engineer, Mr. Robert Bruce. Its fulfilment implies much activity by my own Department, although mostly under the supervision of some successor or successors. ‘In my 1943 Address I was thinking, as have thought the authors of various papers on lighting lately, of the first five or ten

Left: The title page of EJ Stewart’s third and final Presidential address. Centre: The programme cover of the 1945 Annual Conference of the APLE. Right: Pre-war designs and pre-war adverts in post-war programmes. After a long hiatus, many familiar firms started advertising their products again. Some, like Concrete Utilities, simply re-ran the same adverts from the original 1939 programme. But behind the scenes they were preparing for the post-war rebuilding effort

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Light on the past

E J Stewart (second from left left, with chain of office) MA, BSc, APLE President, receiving delegates at the Conference’s civic reception

years after this war. It may, nevertheless, be useful to consider a road-making programme so extensive that it looks 50 years ahead for completion,’ Stewart continued. He then drew attention to Bruce’s first report, called ‘Roads and Transport’ , which remade the centre of the city and proposed three classes of road: • The arterial. These would carry only fast motor traffic and would be fenced to prevent access by persons or animals. They would have no traffic signals and the intersections would be confined to roundabouts to other arterial or sub-arterial roads. No pedestrians or pedal cyclists would be permitted and there would be no pavements. There would be radial arterials following the lines of existing roads, an inner and outer ring arterial, and two new bridges over and a new tunnel under the Clyde. • The sub-arterials. These would carry motor traffic to and from the arterial roads to the major local roads, where they would be joined by large roundabouts. They would be main roads widened to meet their new classification. Pedestrian barriers would be used, and public service vehicles would deposit passengers at stops on this road, where they would be connected via pedestrian subways to local roads. • Local roads. These would be divided into major and minor roads, servicing the local communities. (And were the analogues of traffic routes and residential roads). Looking back, it’s clear that the arterial roads proposed by Bruce became the various motorways encircling and bisecting Glasgow, particularly the M9. www.theilp.org.uk

The sub-arterials were never fully realised, as the various roundabouts and link roads never became their own class. Yet, even from 1945, Stewart was worrying about how such roads would be lit. In particular, he was concerned about the forthcoming new British Standard Specification, being drawn up after the Ministry of Transport (MOT) Final Report of 1937. This had suggested only two lighting classes: Group A (traffic routes) and Group B (everything else).

LIGHTING DIFFERENT CLASSES OF ROAD

As Stewart put it to Conference: ‘The M.O.T. Report has recommended only two classes of road for street lighting. I believe that the proposed new Street Lighting Specification follows the same direction. I have already suggested that in roads and streets as they are this distinction is insufficiently comprehensive and that, if Group A lighting is the better, we ought not harshly to restrict its application. ‘The question now arises whether the dual classification is sufficient for the lighting of the three classes of city roads of the future and for the complications of separate one purpose motor highways, roads carrying cyclists and pedestrians, separate electric vehicle tracks, subways, separate shopping and residential streets.’ Stewart questioned whether different types of lighting should be used as a distinction between arterial, sub-arterial and local roads. The MOT Final Report made the differentiation of its classes clear by the mounting height of the lanterns. Group A had lanterns suspended at 25ft whilst Group B only required 15ft. This was a visual cue to the driver that headlights were not required for Group A. Yet, if these roads were to cater for

fast-moving traffic, then they would need to have good lighting. ‘We may look for continuous lighting on the arterial or other connecting roads,’ Stewart continued. ‘In due course, we may expect much longer intervals to be filled in with static lighting along the roads for fast motor traffic only; if not between London and Glasgow at least between Glasgow and Edinburgh. Such rural stretches have their special problems of supply and maintenance.’ It seems that Bruce wasn’t fully forthcoming in the size and dimensions of these arterial roads, leading Stewart to guess their dimensions. ‘We assume there will be no more single carriageways 50 foot to 60 foot wide,’ he said. ‘These are difficult to light from the sides and the three rows suggestion of the MOT Report [sides and centre] is hardly practicable, unless there’s a central reservation or a succession of central islands.’ And Stewart had further issues with the sub-arterial roads. ‘The proposed reduction of the number of intersections should simplify the layouts of our lighting. However, many of these intersections will be much more complex than those at present provided. The roundabouts on the arterial roads are not the “simple” formations with central island prevalent today,’ he said.

FAR-SIGHTED VISION

In choosing to highlight Bruce’s 50-year plan for Glasgow, Stewart unwittingly prophesied the coming of the motorways, of motorway junctions, of link roads and all the other problems lighting engineers would encounter in the decades following his presentation. The authors of the other papers were right in their lesser, more tentative predictions. Lantern design would rapidly change after war-time experiences, with new materials, especially with the introduction of plastics. But, where Christopher and Smith saw a future where mere plastic gaskets would end up in lanterns, Stewart saw a future of the motor car, of motorways, of carved-up cities, perhaps even of high-rise tower blocks. Christopher and Smith represented slow, pre-war thinking and progress. Stewart, on the other hand, put his foot to the gas and accelerated into the second half of the twentieth century. Like it or not, Stewart was right, and his predictions came to be – and the lighting industry would have to meet this challenge and keep up with it. Simon Cornwell BSc (Hons) is an R&D development senior manager at Dassault Systems

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21 - 22 JUNE LIGHTING JOURNAL

WATERSHED, BRISTOL

Book your place for the ILP Professional Lighting Summit, Bristol – A must-attend event for any lighting professional on 21-22 June. Two days of inspiring CPD sessions and sponsored workshops for everyone in the lighting community along with great networking and an engaging exhibition.

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MAY 2022 LIGHTING JOURNAL

e can be heroes – just for one day. Or possibly two if you head to Bristol next month. That’s because the muchloved ILP Professional Lighting Summit is returning next month as a faceto-face event after its pandemic-enforced digital hiatus last year. The two-day Summit is being held from 21-22 June at the Watershed in Bristol. Delegate booking opened last month, with exhibitor and sponsor booking opening in March. See the end of this article for full details on how to book your place. www.theilp.org.uk

What, then, can ILP members expect this year? Centrepiece to the Summit will be two days of high-end CPD presentations, which will open with lighting consultants and campaigners Terry John and Neina Sheldon leading a joint presentation discussing ‘How we can all be superheroes’. This will make the hugely important point that, especially now – in a world of energy and climate uncertainty – lighting professionals are working day in and day out with an element that has profound effects on us all.

We must therefore ensure that ‘light’ takes its rightful place as an important ‘giver of life’, he will argue, and use all our knowledge and experience to best effect. In essence, we all need to embrace the fact that we can be superheroes in control of a ‘superpower’!

DIVERSE SPEAKER LINE-UP

While the full speaker programme was still being confirmed as Lighting Journal went to press in April, it will be a diverse and exciting line-up, with talks aimed at the full spectrum of the profession.

MAY 2022 LIGHTING JOURNAL

Legal issues

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MAY 2022 LIGHTING JOURNAL

The ILP’s 2022 Professional Lighting Summit

Media screens will be on the agenda at the PLS as will light polllution (below). Bottom: the Watershed, Bristol, venue for this year’s Summit

WSP’s Allan Howard will consider the role – and problem – of media screens in creating obtrusive light and light pollution. As highlighted on page 14 of this edition, David Lodge of CU Phosco will outline some of the changes we can expect in the latest revision of PD 6547. Aliz Sanduj, senior lighting designer at Chapmanbdsp, will attempt to answer the challenging question: ‘who is responsible for sustainable lighting?’. She will consider how the corporate hierarchy underpinning lighting projects often means ‘sustainability’ gets overlooked, miscommunicated or simply not delivered. Designers, she will argue, need to become more accountable for their designs, manufacturers more accountable for their products and, critically, the design team needs to be working towards the same goal. But this is very much just a snapshot of what will be a packed programme of speakers over the two days. Alongside the main CPD programme there will be an exhibition zone, where manufacturers, specifiers and others will be showcasing their products and expertise and will be available to delegates to network. There will also be a sponsored workshop programme that will run alongside the CPD presentations. As usual, on the first night of the Summit there will be a formal Black Tie dinner, where members can finally come together after too long ‘meeting’ on screens, to network and put the lighting world to rights. So, what are you waiting for? Book your place now! Full details are opposite. Jess Gallacher is the ILP’s Engagement and Communications Manager

www.theilp.org.uk

HOW TO BOOK

Delegate bookings for this year’s Summit opened in April. Day delegate rates for ILP members have been subsidised to just £95, or £20 per day if you want to attend online. You can book your ticket by using the QR code below.

Although slots are going fast, there is also still time to book yourself in as an exhibitor or sponsor. For this, please use this QR code:

CAN’T GET AWAY FROM THE OFFICE?

Covid-19 has, of course, changed how we all engage and communicate at work, possibly permanently. To that end, the main-stage presentations of the Professional Lighting Summit will be available to stream online for those who can’t make it in person. Special £20 digital day-tickets are available. Again, please follow the QR code opposite.

WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW

What: The 2022 ILP Professional Lighting Summit Where: The Watershed, Bristol When: 21-22 June How:

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Continuing our series on inspirational women working in lighting, and ahead of next month’s Professional Lighting Summit, ILP Senior Vice President Rebecca Hatch outlines her route into the industry and how lighting continues to inspire her By Rebecca Hatch

TELL US ABOUT YOURSELF

I am head of business, lighting and energy solutions at WSP in the UK and an incorporated engineer and member of ILP (MILP). I have an MBA and completed the exterior lighting diploma back in 2009. I co-founded the Young Lighting Professionals (YLP) and have held roles with ILP including chair of YLP, Council, Vice President and now Senior Vice President. I have worked in lighting since 2004 in various roles across consultancy, contractors and manufacturing in design, engineering, client management, people management and business strategy. Like many, I didn’t consciously choose lighting, I took a junior technician role at Atkins (a non-formal apprenticeship at the time) and loved the industry the varied projects and the challenges. I’ve always been more aligned with STEM subjects, never very good at art or English, so I guess there was always some natural engineering ability!

WHAT PROJECT OR WORK ARE YOU MOST PROUD OF, AND WHY?

I love public realm schemes where you can alter the use of a space, and in particular heritage lighting. One of my most memorable projects was writing a strategy for, and being part of, the team that looked after Westminster City Council’s gas lighting (and see the image, far right, opposite),

Rebecca at the 2011 ILP Professional Lighting Summit receiving a special recognition award for setting up the Young Lighting Professionals (YLP) with Scott Pengelly (second from left)

what we in Westminster call ‘cherished lighting’. At the opposite end of the scale, I am proud of being involved with real engineering challenges, such as mounting columns on central reservation concrete-stepped barriers and the early passively safe lighting column schemes. In other words, freezing days spent watching crash demonstrations of how passive and non-passively safe columns respond on impact!

WHAT DO YOU FEEL IS THE BIGGEST CHALLENGE YOU HAVE HAD TO OVERCOME IN YOUR CAREER? Working in a heavily male-dominated

(and previously quite ageing) industry has been, at times, throughout my career the biggest challenge. Perceptions, expectations, assumptions and sexism and ageism had to be overcome and not allowed to have a negative impact.

WHO OR WHAT DO YOU CONSIDER TO BE YOUR BIGGEST SUPPORT IN GETTING INTO WHAT IS OR WAS CONSIDERED A MALE PROFESSION?

A strong network of people to call on, sometimes just to talk to, ask advice or share experiences (like the YLP, ILP and Women in Lighting). Plus virtual support through networks such as LinkedIn. Also, to not let those external factors

MAY 2022 LIGHTING JOURNAL

Women in lighting

Clockwise: Rebecca Hatch out walking with her beloved bulldogs, Reggie and Bruce. One of Westminster’s old gas sewer vent columns. And Rebecca at work at INDO before she moved to WSP

affect what you do, your integrity and your career. We can only control what is in our control and not how others behave. So, if there are people who discriminate or are not inclusive, we help by calling it out, bringing it to their attention and by continuing to go about our roles without letting that be an influencing factor – though sometimes that is far easier said than done!

HOW DOES LIGHT INSPIRE YOU?

Light is fundamental to our health; it impacts on everything we do – safety, travel, mood. I find (probably as I get older) how much more I notice poor lighting, glare in particular and how much more I appreciate considerate and well-designed lighting.

WHAT DO YOU CONSIDER IS STILL A BARRIER, IF ANYTHING, FOR WOMEN IN LIGHTING OR ENGINEERING?

Non-inclusive workplaces and situations still exist and likely always will, but things are improving. The perception of engineering still needs some work, what it means to be an engineer or work in engineering. But the more visible all types of people working in lighting (and engineering) are, the more this will continue to disappear.

WHAT WOULD BE YOUR MESSAGE TO YOUR YOUNGER SELF ABOUT WHAT IT’S POSSIBLE TO ACHIEVE IN LIGHTING?

To care less about what others think and, by that, I don’t mean be careless or ignorant. But if someone else is put out by your achievements, your role, your being present because it threatens their contribu-

tion, do not let that hold you back. Lighting is a fantastic, varied, and ambitious industry with all types of roles that can allow you realise any and all of your career ambitions – be they academic qualifications, status and title, financial, being self-sufficient, travelling the world, flexibility and anything else you might be looking for.

HOW HAS THE ILP HELPED YOU IN YOUR LIGHTING ‘JOURNEY’?

The ILP welcomed me with open arms on to various volunteer positions and roles which allowed me to develop as a lighting professional and progress my career. It also trusted in us (Scott Pengelly and myself ) to create the YLP, which was a real step-change in moving the industry forward, with acceptance and opportunity for

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new members into a very established industry. Through ILP events and activities I have built a solid network of colleagues, supporters, clients and friends.

FINALLY, WHAT WOULD BE YOUR MESSAGE TO OTHER WOMEN IN, OR WANTING TO GET INTO, LIGHTING?

Do it! Talk to as many people as you can, put yourself forward for roles (paid and voluntary). Try your hand at different areas and join the ILP. Be as active and visible as possible within your area of expertise. Rebecca Hatch is head of business, lighting and energy solutions at WSP and the ILP’s Senior Vice President

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MAY 2022 LIGHTING JOURNAL

Inside the ILP

ILP PARTNERS WITH CPD EVENTS DURING MAY

he ILP is partnering with two major lighting industry CPD events taking place this month (May). First, the ILP has agreed to be a ‘founding partner’ for a Society of Light and Lighting (SLL) online conference on 12-13 May on ‘Responsible Outdoor Lighting at Night’. The ROLAN 2022 event is being run by SLL together with Dr Karolina Zielinska-Dabkowska of ILLUME-Gdansk University of Technology in Poland. The two-day conference will include 31 speakers from around the world presenting talks on four key areas: losing our dark nights, best lighting practice(s) to reduce light pollution, light pollution legal aspects, and the impact of light exposure at night on the environment and humans.

ILP members will be able to get tickets to the conference at a special founding partner reduced rate of £25, compared to the standard rate of £50. Student tickets are available for £10. Details of how to register are opposite.

CLERKENWELL DESIGN WEEK

The second ILP-linked event taking place this month is the prestigious Clerkenwell Design Week in east London, which runs from 24-26 May. The ILP is, again, a partner for this event, which will include nine exhibition venues and more than 115 showrooms, including one by Fritz Fryer Lighting. A subterranean ‘House of Detention’, previously a prison in the mid-nineteenth century, will showcase ‘Light + Rising Stars’, where new and up-and-coming designers

RAYMOND TOFT 1937-2022

y father, Ray Toft, who has died aged 84, devoted his life to the lighting industry, founding TOFCO in 1973, writes Noel Toft. Born in 1935, he began his working life as a pattern maker with a local engineering company, Parsons, based in Newcastle upon Tyne.

www.theilp.org.uk

After attending college in Newcastle, where he achieved qualifications in sales, marketing and business management, he worked as a salesman for Bergo and then striking out on his own to set up TOFCO. The company was initially a distributor selling products for Bob Herd at Signfix and Bruce Wildridge Haldo (who Ray had worked with at Bergo). The company quickly grew, however, adding distributorships with PCL (Plastic Coatings Limited) and British Steel Corporation before becoming a successful supplier to the traffic and street lighting industry. In 1988, TOFCO purchased a small local company, SMK Components, which manufactured a range of fuse cut-out units, then added two further small companies. These development led to the business moving away from being a distributor and into manufacturing products. Ray joined TOFCO into the Association of Road Traffic Sign Makers and the ILE (forerunner of the ILP), and strongly supported both Institutions, including

will exhibit alongside leading lighting brands. There will also be a range of CPD presentations, including a ‘How to be brilliant’ talk on 24 May by Iain Ruxton from Speirs Major. Jess Gallacher, ILP Engagement and Communications Manager, said: ‘These significant industry partnerships cement, and build upon, the ILP’s reputation across the lighting spectrum. ‘They showcase the Institution’s leadership around exterior, highways and public realm lighting, and our role as the go-to organisation for architectural lighting and lighting design.’

FIND OUT MORE

For full details and how to register for ROLAN 2022, scan the QR code on the right: For full details and how to register for Clerkenwell Design Week, scan the QR code on the right:

attending local and national meetings, exhibitions and dinner events. Latterly, Ray was honoured to have bestowed upon him the title of Companion of the ILE, an honour he regarded as one of his greatest achievements and accreditations. Ray relinquished the reins at TOFCO in 2012 following a management buy-out but the company remained very dear to him. Outside of his professional life, he was a keen traveller with my mother Nancy, and loved to experience other cultures. Among other places, they visited China, including seeing the Terracotta Warriors, the Great Wall and Tiananmen Square, as well as Phuket in Thailand, where they witnessed first-hand the devastating effects of the 2004 tsunami and the massive rebuilding efforts that followed Ray was a dedicated engineer-turned-salesman who will be sadly missed by all at TOFCO, along with others who worked with him both within the ILP and elsewhere, many of whom grew into friends – some lifelong – during his near50 years within the industry. Noel Toft is managing director of TOFCO

MAY 2022 LIGHTING JOURNAL

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LIGHTING CONSULTANTS

This directory gives details of suitably qualified, individual members of the Institution of Lighting Professionals (ILP) who offer consultancy services

HERBIE BARNIEH BEng IEng MILP

PROJECT CENTRE

1 AMERICA SQUARE, LONDON, EC3N 2LS T: 0330 135 8950, 077954 75570 HERBIE.BARNIEH@PROJECTCENTRE.CO.UK

WWW.MARSTONHOLDINGS.CO.UK/PROJECTCENTRE Efficient, innovative, and bespoke lighting design services from an award winning consultancy. Experienced in delivering exterior lighting projects from feasibility studies to post construction. Whether it’s highway, street, or public realm lighting, let us assist you to realise your project goals.

TOM BROOME

ANDREW LONGMAN

SERVICES DESIGN SOLUTION

DESIGNS FOR LIGHTING LTD

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BEng(Hons) IEng MCIBSE MSLL MILP

19-23 MARY SEACOLE ROAD, THE MILLFIELDS, PLYMOUTH, PL1 3JY T: 01752 255900 E: INFO@SDSOLUTION.CO.UK SDS offer a range of lighting design services, combining creativity, technical and practical knowledge to deliver quality lighting designs and impact assessments. From feasibility, planning, through to post-construction, we are passionate about creating exceptional environments for living, work and wildlife.

BEng (Hons), CEng, MILP, MIET, MHEA -Managing Director WINCHESTER SO23 7TA T: +44 (0)1962 855080 M: +44 (0)7779 327413 E: ANDREW@DFL-UK.COM Professional lighting design consultancy offering technical advice, design and management services for exterior/interior applications for highway, architectural, area, tunnel and commercial lighting. Advisors on lighting and energy saving strategies, asset management, visual impact assessments and planning.

STEVEN BIGGS

STEPHEN HALLIDAY

ANTHONY SMITH

MILESTONE INFRASTRUCTURE

WSP

STAINTON LIGHTING DESIGN SERVICES LTD

IEng MILP

PETERBOROUGH PE1 5XG T: 07834 506705 STEVEN.BIGGS@MILESTONEINFRA.CO.UK

MILESTONEINFRA.CO.UK

Award winning lighting design specialists, delivering innovative design, installation and maintenance solutions in highways, public realm, commercial and architectural environments. Our HERS registered team provide design strategies, impact assessment, technical & certifier support.

BONNIE BROOKS

BA(Hons) BEng (Hons) MSc CEng MSLL MCIBSE MILP

ILLUME DESIGN LTD

EngTech AMILP

MANCHESTER M50 3SP T: 0161 886 2532 E: STEPHEN.HALLIDAY@WSPGROUP.COM

WWW.WSPGROUP.COM

Public and private sector professional services providing design, technical support, contract and policy development for all applications of exterior lighting and power from architectural to sports, area and highways applications. PFI technical advisor and certifier support, HERS registered personnel.

IEng FILP

STOCKTON ON TEES TS23 1PX T: 01642 565533, E: ENQUIRIES@STAINTONLDS.CO.UK

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Specialist in: motorway, highway schemes, illumination of buildings, major structures, public artworks, amenity area lighting, public spaces, car parks, sports lighting, asset management, reports, plans, assistance, maintenance management, electrical design and communication network design. Registered personnel.

STEPHEN HIGHAM

NICK SMITH

SHD LIGHTING CONSULTANCY LTD

NICK SMITH ASSOCIATES LIMITED

IEng MILP

IEng FILP MIES

CHESTERFIELD, S40 3JR T: 01246 229444 E: MAIL@NICKSMITHASSOCIATES.COM

EXETER EX4 1NF T: 07840 054601, E: INFO@ILLUME-DESIGN.CO.UK

BOLTON BL2 6SE M: 07834 490 192 E: STEVE@SHDLIGHTING.CO.UK

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SIMON BUSHELL

ALLAN HOWARD

ALAN TULLA

ENERVEO

WSP

ALAN TULLA LIGHTING

Professional independent lighting design consultancy providing designs for all exterior applications, including street lighting. Specialists in assisting at the planning application stage with designs, strategies, lighting impact assessments, and expert witness, with a focus on mitigating ecological and environmental impacts.

MBA DMS IEng MILP PORTSMOUTH PO6 1UJ M: +44 (0)7584 313990 T: +44 (0)121 387 9892 E: SIMON.BUSHELL@ENERVEO.COM

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Outdoor lighting consultancy specialising in adoptable highway and private lighting designs. Our services include Section 38, Section 278, Car Park lighting designs, Commercial floodlighting schemes and environmental impact lighting assessment reporting. Qualified design team with 24 years’ experience in exterior lighting.

BEng(Hons) CEng FILP FSLL LONDON WC2A 1AF T: 07827 306483 E: ALLAN.HOWARD@WSPGROUP.COM

WWW.WSPGROUP.COM

Specialist exterior lighting consultant. Private and adopted lighting and electrical design for highways, car parks, area and sports lighting. Lighting Impact assessments, expert witness and CPD accredited Lighting design AutoCAD and Lighting Reality training courses.

IEng FILP FSLL

WINCHESTER, SO22 4DS T: 01962 855720 M:0771 364 8786 E: ALAN@ALANTULLALIGHTING.COM

Professional artificial and daylight lighting services covering design, technical support, contract and policy development including expert advice and analysis to develop and implement energy and carbon reduction strategies. Expert witness regarding obtrusive lighting, light nuisance and environmental impact investigations. registered personnel.

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LORRAINE CALCOTT

ALAN JAQUES

MICHAEL WALKER

IT DOES LIGHTING LTD

ATKINS

MCCANN LTD

Professional consultancy from the UK’s and Irelands largest external lighting contractor. From highways and tunnels, to architectural and public spaces our electrical and lighting designers also provide impact assessments, lighting and carbon reduction strategies along with whole installation packages.

IEng MILP IALD MSLL ILA BSS THE CUBE, 13 STONE HILL, TWO MILE ASH, MILTON KEYNES, BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, MK8 8DN T: 01908 560110 E: INFORMATION@ITDOES.CO.UK

IEng FILP

NOTTINGHAM, NG9 2HF T: +44 (0)115 9574900 M: 07834 507070 E: ALAN.JAQUES@ATKINSGLOBAL.COM

Site surveys of sports pitches, road lighting and offices. Architectural lighting for both interior and exterior. Visual Impact Assessments for planning applications. Specialises in problem solving and out-of-the-ordinary projects.

IEng MILP CMS

NOTTINGHAM NG9 6DQ M: 07939 896887 E: M.WALKER@JMCCANN.CO.UK

WWW.ITDOES.CO.UK

WWW.ATKINSGLOBAL.COM

WWW.MCCANN-LTD.CO.UK

MARK CHANDLER

PATRICK REDMOND

PETER WILLIAMS

Award winning lighting design practice specialising in interior, exterior, flood and architectural lighting. Emphasis on section 278/38, public realm, ecology receptor mitigation and supporting Councils with planning approvals, CDM2015 and SBD accredited. Specialists in circadian spectrally specific lighting design.

EngTech AMILP

MMA LIGHTING CONSULTANCY LTD

READING RG10 9QN T: 0118 3215636 E: MARK@MMA-CONSULTANCY.CO.UK

WWW.MMA-CONSULTANCY.CO.UK

Exterior lighting consultant’s who specialise in all aspects of street lighting design, section 38’s, section 278’s, project management and maintenance assistance. We also undertake lighting appraisals and environmental lighting studies

Professional consultancy providing technical advice, design and management services for exterior and interior applications including highway, architectural, area, tunnel and commercial lighting. Advisors on energy saving strategies, asset management, visual impact assessments and planning.

HDip Bus, EngTech AMILP, AMSLL, Tech IEI

REDMOND ANALYTICAL MANAGEMENT SERVICES LTD.

Design for all types of exterior lighting including street lighting, car parks, floodlighting, decorative lighting, and private lighting. Independent advice regarding light trespass, carbon reduction and invest to save strategies. Asset management, data capture, inspection and testing services available.

EngTech AMILP

WILLIAMS LIGHTING CONSULTANTS LTD.

M: + 353 (0)86 2356356 E: PATRICK@REDMONDAMS.IE

BEDFORD, MK41 6AG T: 0 16 0 8 6 4 2 5 3 0 E: PETER.WILLIAMS@WLCLIGHTING.CO.UK

WWW.REDMONDAMS.IE

WWW.WLCLIGHTING.CO.UK

Independent expert lighting design services for all exterior and interior lighting applications. We provide sustainable lighting solutions and associated electrical designs. Our services include PSDP for lighting projects, network contractor auditing, and GPS site surveys for existing installations.

Specialists in the preparation of quality and effective street lighting design solutions for Section 38, Section 278 and other highway projects. We also prepare lighting designs for other exterior applications. Our focus is on delivering solutions that provide best value.

Neither Lighting Journal nor the ILP is responsible for any services supplied or agreements entered into as a result of this listing

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