Issue 87

Independent

The

Fort Lewis College News Magazine Issue 87

www.theindyonline.com Spring 2017

UNDERPAID FACULTY AT FLC

FROM THE EDITOR’S DESK Dear readers, Welcome back from what I hope was a wonderful spring break! I wish you all the best of luck as we reluctantly return to our routine.

As you flip through these pages of the Independent news magazine, you’ll see several fascinating stories. Our cover story this issue regards the realities of being a contingent faculty member and highlights some of the struggles they undergo. This is the first time we’ve ran a four page story this semester, and I feel like the importance of the story matches the word count. We also have stories regarding the issue of climate change in Durango (page 3), the softball field renovations (page 11), and the history of Chapman Hill (page 5).

As always, continue to check www.theindyonline.com for up to the minute news.

Thanks for making the Independent a part of your day!

Alex Semadeni Editor in Chief Independent News Organization

Anyone who is interested in providing feedback on The Independent can reach out either through Email (independent@fortlewis. edu) or through Facebook (The Independent FLC) and Twitter (@flcindependent). If you are interested in providing feedback about specific departments please visit theindyonline.com where you can find contact info for our departmental editors.

EDITORS & STAFF

Alex Semadeni Editor in Chief

Jarred Green Associate EIC

Carolyn Estes Print Editor

Crystal Ashike Photography Editor

Allison Anderson Design Editor

Chris Mannara Social Media Editor

Cover photo by Isaac Furtney

Izzy Farrell Online Editor

Avery Martinez IndyTV Producer

Natalia Sells Business Director

Keenan Malone Copy Editor

REPORTING CJ Calvert Becca Day Davis Deussen Douglas DuPont Shandiin Ramsey Ryan Simonovich Lacey Tewanema DESIGN Hannah Burlingame Katreena Haswood Walter Potter PHOTOGRAPHY Isaac Furtney Traven Halley Richie Scheuer Mathew Tallman VIDEO PRODUCTION Nicole Curry-Stephens Sierra Doan Faith Luna Matt Roy Alex Sarracino BUSINESS Levi Nells Evan Wick SOCIAL MEDIA Brandon Book

IN THIS ISSUE

CAMPUS

Indy Profile: Exchange Students at FLC - 3 Story by Becca Day

From Compassion to Action: Volunteering in Durango - 9 Story by Shandiin Ramsey

COMMUNITY

Homegrown Food: An Option for FLC Students - 5 Story by Elizabeth Haagenstad

COVER FLC in Midst of Campus-Wide Budget Shortage - 7 Story by Davis Deussen

OUTDOORS Snow Safety in the Southwest - 11 Story by Douglas DuPont

ENTERTAINMENT Horoscopes, Indy Online Highlights, and Professor Profiles! - 13

Photo by Traven Halley

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CAMPUS

Jacob Anderson rides bike on a cold winter’s day.

“Over the course of the last four to five years, we have seen a 21 percent decrease in our overall greenhouse gas emissions,” Pool said.

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Story by Shandiin Ramsey

T

he warming of the atmosphere has been caused by climate change, which affects the environment and leads to more drastic weather phenomena.

Climate change is the increase of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, Margot Wood, a visiting professor of environmental studies at Fort Lewis College, said.

When the sun hits the earth, it reflects back out, and the heat leaves the atmosphere.

When there are more greenhouse gases being emitted, it traps that heat and leads to warming of the atmosphere, Wood said.

Climate change is a better term than global warming, because the increase of gases does different things to different locations, for example, climate change affects the poles more, which is why the ice caps are melting, she said.

FLC began tracking their greenhouse gas emissions in 2011, Marty Pool, the assistant coordinator at the Environmental Center said.

The college began working with an engineering firm to identify measures that could be taken to reduce energy consumption.

Many items that made that list were equipment and efficiency upgrades, he said.

“Over the course of the last four to five years, we have seen a 21 percent decrease in our overall greenhouse gasemissions,” Pool said.

There are many programs the Envronmental Center hosts in Durango to spread the word on climate change, he said.

“Every year, we host sustainability summit in the spring, and the real film experience,” Pool said. “This year it was focused directly on climate change and climate impact.”

They are also working with the student housing department and new-student orientation to educate students on energy efficient behaviors, he said.

Photos by Crystal Ashike La Plata Electric Association donated light bulbs for students to trade in their old inefficient light bulbs for energy efficient ones, Pool said.

The Environmental Center is working on replacing all light bulbs in the residence halls with the new ones donated by LPEA, he said.

“We have purchased renewable energy credits, which means when we buy our electricity from LPEA, we pay a slightly higher fee so that we can say that our electricity is coming from renewable energy sources which is primarily wind,” he said.

There are many things individuals can do to cut down greenhouse gas emissions, Pool said.

“One is to make your home more efficient and really the top things to do there is to buy a programmable thermostat,” he said. “You can also get efficient lights and turn anything off when you’re not using it.”

Another big way to cut down on gas emissions is to use alternative transportation, Pool said.

“Try biking to school or take the bus one day a week,” he said. “Once you’re used to that, try taking the bus two days a week. Then before you know it, you can take the bus every single day.”

Another big way to help is by eating less beef, which is the reason the center promotes Meatless Mondays,where they encourage students to not eat meat on mondays, Pool said.

“The big change is going to happen nationwide, maybe even globally, with global climate treaties and pacts to make the changes we need to see,” Wood said.

“It’s mainly corporations that are emitting most of the greenhouse gases, so I think environmental regulation is how we are

Design by Katreena Haswood going to curb most of the main contributors.”

Fort Lewis College is a Princeton Review Green School, a Sierra Club Cool School, and a Carbon Commitment Charter Signatory, as of 2016, she said.

Climate change is very impactful, especially in terms of species conservation, Wood said.

“Some effects of climate change could be the bark beetle outbreaks that we’re seeing,” Wood said. “When you don’t have really hard freezes in the winter for prolonged periods of time, they can actually breed over winter and the population in the spring is much larger than it normally would be.”

According to the U.S. Forest service, bark beetles are killing trees in areas, such as the San Juan forest that surrounds Durango.

Pika and marmots cannot live in warm temperatures and are being forced to move to higher elevations, so mountains with lower elevations will start seeing a decrease in these populations, she said.

“We have species moving into different ranges because the climate is changing,” she said. “They’re crashing into other species they’ve never seen before, so there are all these novel species interactions, and we don’t know what’s going to happen.”

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COMMUNITY

THE HISTORY BEHIND THE HILL C

Story by Davis Deussen

hapman Hill has been a part of the Durango community since the early 1950s.

It was originally called Calico Hill until it was renamed after an influential volunteer, Colton Chapman, who helped get the skiing area where it is today, Matt Morrissey, the recreation operations supervisor for Chapman Hill, said.

“He made the ski hill more functional and a part of the community,” Morrissey said.

The Ski Hill

A rope tow used in training by the 10th Mountain Division was added to the ski area in the early 1950s, making the hill more accessible, Morrissey said.

A rope tow, or tow-rope, is a type of ski lift that hauls riders up the hill while they hold on to a handle, rather than a seated

005

Photos by Traven Halley chairlift. The 10th Mountain Division was an elite unit of troops formed in World War II that were specialized for mountain terrains.

Two tow-ropes are still in use to this day at Chapman, while the original 10th Mountain Division rope tow is no longer in use, Morrissey said.

Chapman Hill, which is run by Durango Parks and Recreation, offers many more services since it was established in the 1950s, Morrissey said.

The addition of snowmaking in the winter of 2010 and a the purchase of a snowcat in the winter of 2011 allowed Chapman Hill to operate even during drier winter, Morrissey said.

“The snowmaking kind of jump-started the ski hill again, and now it is a much bigger entity,” Morrissey said. “We put in all the terrain features and all that kind of stuff

Design by Hannah Burlingame to make it a much more viable ski hill even in tough winters like this.”

The ski hill also offers terrain features, night-skiing, tubing, rentals and lessons, Morrissey said.

The Ice Rink

An ice skating rink was built on the grounds in 1998 for use in the winter, Morrissey said.

Refrigeration for the Chapman Hill Ice Rink was added in 2001, keeping the rink cooler instead of relying on cold winters to maintain the ice, Morrissey said.

Gabby James, who has been a scorekeeper for adult league hockey games at the ice rink for over a year now, sees the Durango community coming together in a laid-back atmosphere.

“There’s a pretty wide range of talent, but in every single game, it’s obvious that people

Chapman Hill Ice Rink.

are just out there to have fun and to kind of get out and get their bodies moving,” James said.

The ice rink houses skating lessons, youth and adult hockey leagues and public skate, Morrissey said.

The Fort Lewis College men’s club ice hockey team, who just had its first winning season in club history, also plays at Chapman Hill Ice Rink and has done so since the 2004 season, Morrissey said.

After the winter season, the Chapman Hill Ice Rink transitions into a rink for rollerblading for the warmer months, Morrissey said.

Mountain Biking AND Other Activities

The Chapman Hill Ski Area also transitions after the winter season, Morrissey said.

Trails 2000, a non-profit organization

that plans, builds and maintains mountain-biking trails around the Durango area, established new trails on Chapman Hill about three years ago, Mary Monroe Brown, the director of Trails 2000, said.

The trails offered on Chapman are open to most skill levels, including a kid’s flow trail at the base of the hill and a more difficult flow trail at the top with a warning sign that reads “Drop Your Posts,” which means to drop the level of one’s seat to better prepare for the trail’s terrain, Monroe Brown said.

Chapman Hill offers five official mountain-biking trails, including a jump line, a flow course and a trail that connects Lion’s Den and the college to the hill itself, Monroe Brown said.

There have also been a few mountain-biking events held on Chapman Hill such as routes used for the Iron Horse Mountain Bike Race and for National Off Road Bicycle Association events, Monroe Brown said.

All of the trails around Durango are multi-use and multi-directional, meaning they are open to hikers and bikers going either up or down, Monroe Brown said.

Chapman Hill also hosts events for Durango’s annual Snowdown festival, both on the hill and in the rink, Morrissey said.

Some of these events include the Uphill-Downhill Race, which is a timed race to climb to the top of the hill and ski back down it, and Broomball, which is playing a hockey-like with a broom, in shoes, on ice, Morrissey said.

“We are an after-school, community-based ski area, and that’s what we focus to,” Morrissey said.

A ski instructor and student.

SKI HILL PRICING

ICE RINK FREE SKATE PRICING

Youth (4 - 5 yrs) Day Pass: $5 Youth (6 - 17 yrs) Day Pass: $10 Adult (18 - 59) Day Pass: $12 Senior (60 & Over) Day Pass: $4

3 & Under: FREE Youth (4-17) $5 Adult (18-59): $6 Senior (60 & up): $5

Youth & College Unlimited Season Pass: $80 DROP IN HOCKEY $10 Adult Unlimited Season Pass: $100 Located at 500 Florida Rd. Family Pass: $100 + 1/2 per Other Members Phone: 970-375-7395 Private Lessons: $40 per hour TUBE Rental $10/Day source: http://www.durangogov.org/chapmanhill

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COVER

UNDERPAID FACULTY AT FLC Sotry by Becca Day

C

ontingent faculty, who are temporary or part time instructors, face many challenges at Fort Lewis College and other academic institutions, including low salaries, which has the potential to interfere with their ability to teach effectively. Across the nation, institutions are becoming more reliant on these part time and temporary faculty members as a source of less expensive and more flexible labor.

Less permanent faculty members do not have the same protections and benefits as permanent faculty, Barbara Morris, provost of Academic Affairs said.

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Graphics by Allison Anderson

“Contingent faculty include our adjuncts, who are paid by the course on a temporary basis,” Sarah Roberts-Cady, a political science, philosophy and women’s studies professor at Fort Lewis College said.

Adjuncts, among other contingent faculty, do not have the security that tenure and tenure-track professors have, Roberts-Cady said.

Design by Allison Anderson

of office space or recognition on their department websites, Roberts-Cady said.

The American Association of University Professors put together a guide for department chairs in order to help address some of these issues, Michael Dichio, political science and philosophy professor and AAUP attendee said.

The guide outlines ways that department chairs can help make adjunct faculty recognized on Non-Salary Based Issues their their websites and on WebOPUS, for Contingent Faculty as well as recommends methods of finding office space for adjuncts, Besides facing issues regard- Dichio said. ing their compensation, adjuncts Recognition of these issues is also may have to deal with a lack

“There’s no question that our tenured and tenure-track professors are being paid living wages...There is question over whether our adjunct faculty is being paid living wages and that’s problematic.” -Sarah Roberts Cady

the first step towards solving them, Dichio said.

These issues are more solvable, compared to the issue of compensation for contingent faculty, Roberts-Cady said.

Problems with Salaries at FLC Faculty salaries are calculated by averaging out what other instructors of the same rank and departmental make at their institutions, Roberts Cady said..

The issues that adjuncts at FLC face in relation to their pay are

comparable to the issues facing other contingent faculty across the nation, Roberts-Cady said.

“I do think that our administration has made a good faith effort to make our salaries be on par with our peers, but because there’s some injustices with our peers, we’re duplicating that.” Roberts-Cady said.

FLC administrators have done studies on pay throughout the region and have increased compensation for its faculty as necessary, Morris said.

One of the concerns that contingent faculty at FLC have is that the cost of living in Durango has not been calculated into the sala-

ries that they are currently paid, Roberts-Cady said.

“There’s no question that our tenured and tenure-track professors are being paid living wages,” Roberts-Cady said. “There is question over whether our adjunct faculty is being paid living wages and that’s problematic.”

The Challenges Facing Adjuncts

Kate Smith, an adjunct faculty member and sociology instructor at FLC, does not believe that she is being paid a living wage, she said.

Smith taught at the University

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2007 13.19% 5.79% 81.02%

FACULTY LOAD DISTRIBUTION

BY STUDENT FTE 2015 14.52%

PERMANENT FACULTY 14.25%

VISITING ADJUNCT

009

71.23%

of Colorado in Colorado Springs for 15 years and has been at FLC for two years now, she said.

“The pay that I am recieving, at this time, is not commensurate with my years of teaching and my educational background,” Smith said.

Being an adjunct faculty member can result in facing several challenges other than unjust compensation, Roberts-Cady said.

Some of these challenges are heavier teaching loads, having to commute between multiple positions at different institutions, and lacking basic support, Morris said.

“I have known some people who will teach two classes at one college, maybe two classes at another college and maybe teach two classes online just to make a sustainable wage,” Smith said.

Smith said her life has been impacted as she struggles to balance the everyday living expenses in Durango by doing what she loves, which is teaching.

“Being that Durango has a higher cost of living than other places of the same size, I do not find myself making a living wage,” Smith said.

As less money is put towards educational institutions, colleges and universities are forced to adjust their budgets, and an effective way of doing this is to hire more contingent faculty, Roberts-Cady said “It’s part of the structure of academia that’s problematic,” Roberts-Cady said. “We have a group of laborers that’s pretty exploited.”

The Benefits of Permanent vs.

Contingent Faculty One of the solutions that colleges and universities rely on to help solve resolve their financial issues is hiring increasing numbers of contingent faculty, Dichio said.

In 2007, FLC’s permanent faculty accounted for 81.02 percent of the school’s workload, Morris said.

In 2015, permanent faculty at FLC accounted for 71.23 percent of workload contributions, she said.

“A norm has developed that adjunct faculty help costs, for whatever reason. I’m not sure why,” Dichio said. “Most of our adjunct faculty have the same qualifications as us if not very similar and it doesn’t seem to make a lot of sense from the perspective of the employee that the pay would be less.”

This system works for colleges and universities because they can still employee qualified and experienced people with less expense to the institution, Smith said.

Stretched Too Thin Colleges and universities employ increasing numbers of adjunct faculty because it helps the college solve a budget problem, Roberts-Cady said.

Adjuncts can supplement teaching staff when permanent faculty have received course release or are on sabbatical, Morris said.

“When you have faculty members who are paid inadequately and therefore have to have multiple jobs to survive they end up being stretched pretty thin,” Roberts-Cady said. “I think our adjunct faculty are awesome teachers, but anyone, even an awesome teacher, can be stretched too thin.”

As contingent faculty attempt to juggle more classes in order to support themselves they have less and less time to dedicate to their students, Dichio said.

Being stretched thin may make teaching harder but it doesn’t affect the quality of education that students get at FLC, Smith said.

“There are a large number of colleges that are hiring part time faculty, it, to my knowledge, does not affect the education of students but it does affect the livelihood of part

time instructors,” Smith said. “To my knowledge students still receive a quality education.”

Suggestions for Improvement Smith recommends that this issue be addressed by changing the way in which administrators decide the pay of contingent faculty at FLC, she said.

“It would be helpful if administrators are able to pay part-time instructors according to the number of years they have taught, according to their ratings from students, and from the input from faculty in their department and base their pay on those three criteria instead of just offering a standard set wage.” Smith said.

The local chapter of the AAUP is focusing on addressing some of the issues that adjuncts face, Roberts-Cady said.

“We’re advocating for adjuncts’ salaries in the budgeting process, which is just starting right now,” she said.

The AAUP showed a film about the problem of adjunct pay and brought faculty together for a discussion about it in the fall, Roberts-Cady said.

Bringing the eye of the public to the problems facing adjuncts and contingent faculty is one of the goals of the AAUP, Roberts-Cady said.

“The first step is to make public the problem, make people aware that adjunct faculty are paid very, very low wages for work that is intensive and requires a very high amount of training, I think that’s problematic,” she said. “The second thing is figuring out how universities and colleges can manage a budget without exploiting that labor.”

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SPORTS

Softball Renovations: Who is it Affecting and How?

T

Story By Matthew Roy

Photography by Matt Tallman

he Fort Lewis College softball stadiums will begin to undergo a $3 million dollar renovation project. This project, which will start this month, is not scheduled to be finished until just before the softball season starts in the spring of 2018.

The renovations will force the softball team to play their home games at Aztec High School for the season. The team will travel to Aztec three hours or so before game time and try to go through its normal routines and traditions as it always would for any other home game, senior Adriana Rosthenhausler said.

“Going a full season without a true home game is going to be taxing,” Elle Fracker, the softball head coach said. “But we are hopeful that we are going to get a nice complex out there and it will make everything worth it.”

Although the renovations are difficult for the softball team, they are not the only team who is affected.

Women’s lacrosse, men’s and women’s soccer, club teams like men’s baseball and many recreational clubs in the city of Durango will all be affected by these renovations over the next year, Gary Hunter, the FLC athletic director said.

The school and the construction company, Colorado Jaynes Construction, will be breaking ground in March.

Softball and baseball dugout

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Design by Walter Potter

When this happens, all practice and play on the fields will have to cease. The women’s lacrosse team will move over to practice on the new Smith fields when this happens, Julie Decker, FLC head coach of women’s lacrosse said.

This is a major inconvenience for many sports and clubs here at the city and the college, but it is also a necessary evil if a new stadium and complex is to be completed, Hunter said.

The softball renovations will include adding working bathrooms, locker rooms for the softball team and a press box in the middle of the threefield complex, as well as redoing and improving all of the groundwork for the stadiums, Hunter said.

“It is a wonderful partnership and joint venture,” Hunter said. “FLC provides the land and the city provides the finances to go forward with the improvements.”

It is a disappointment for the school, the seniors and the team that they will not be able to play at home in front of their home fans for this season, but the school and the city did exhaust all options when attempting to see if they could play somewhere closer to home instead of in Aztec, Hunter said.

“We explored just about every single possibility that we could, and Aztec ended up being the only field that was available that would comply with NCAA mandates,” Hunter said. “There were some smaller fields, but when you play varsity sports at the NCAA level, there are certain size requirements and that is the best that we could do.”

At the moment, the softball team is doing the majority of its practices in Whalen Gymnasium, Rosthenhausler said.

“It’s hard,” Rosthenhausler said. “We don’t do really any defense or field work. All we do is hit because we have a net in there so the pitchers will pitch live inside the gym and it’s just not the same.”

On its recent trips to Tucson, Arizona and to Canyon, Texas, the softball team’s defense and baserunning was not up to par, and this is directly attributed to the lack of ability to practice on a field, Rosthenhausler said. It is all of the little things that

Softball and baseball diamond that will undergo construction

the team isn’t able to refine because of the lack of field work.

The softball team has been trying to do their best no matter what the conditions of their practices or playing fields are, Rosthenhausler said. The seniors are doing their best to guide the underclassmen through this transition from an old, run-down stadium, to having to travel for home games, to ultimately having a brand new complex for next season.

The only way that the school could get a new stadium is to sacrifice this year, Hunter said.

“This will be significantly improved for our students, our fans and our supporters,” Hunter said. “We have to sacrifice this year and then hopefully it will be much improved in future years.”

Fort Lewis College softball players practicing their swing.

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ENTERTAINMENT

MUSIC REVIEW

by Douglas DuPont THUNDERCAT – Drunk – Brainfeeder Records This record remains undeniably smooth despite the chaotic and experimental nature of Thundercat’s production and sharp words. Receiving assistance from the likes of Michael McDonald, Kenny Loggins, Kendrick Lamar and Pharrell, Drunk solidifies this Cat’s place amongst the best of yesterday’s and today’s soul/funk, and hip-hop legends. It’s darkly humorous, yet playful. The record achieves something that doesn’t sound like it was produced in either of the last two decades.

FOCUS TRACKS FROM Drunk TO STREAM AT WILL: (Ranked in ascending order of sexiness): Walk On By (feat. Kendrick Lamar) Them Changes (feat. Flying Lotus) Show You the Way (feat. Flying Lotus, Michael McDonald, & Kenny Loggins) Lava Lamp (feat. Sounwave)

CRYSTAL FAIRY – Crystal Fairy – Ipecac Recordings Crystal Fairy is a new group composed of members of the Melvins, At the Drive-In, and Le Butcherettes. There is a lot to this album, with 11 complex tracks, built of a narrative and mood that do not adhere to genre rules. Crystal Fairy is neither happy nor hopeful. Strength is drawn from the anxiety and paranoia of Gender Bender’s (of Le Butcherettes) lyrics and felt in the dark moods emitted from the melodies. Present lyrical themes borrow from traditions of established genres like metal and psychedelia but can’t be cleanly categorized. The album confronts human experiences in a grandiose fashion that buys into the idea that every day is a battle and every individual a soldier. But while some soldiers fight for shared causes, Crystal Fairy join the punk and metal troops in recognizing that the biggest fights are those that one confronts alone.

FOCUS TRACKS FROM Crystal Fairy TO STREAM AT WILL: (Ranked in order of weight, ascending): Crystal Fairy Moth Tongue Necklace of Divorce Chiseler

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KDUR New Music Review: Ab-Soul and Old Crow Medicine Show Story byDouglas DuPont

MEET A PROFESSOR: JASON SHAFER

by Ryan Simonovich

Jason Shafer is a visiting instructor of English. His area of expertise is in British Literature, he said. This semester he is teaching African American Literature, Early American Literature, Senior Seminar of Westerns, and Reading Texts and Writing Texts.

Where did you grow up?

“I’m from Durango, actually. I was born and raised here and then kind of wanted to get out of town after high school.”

Where did you get your degree?

“I did undergrad at University of California Los Angeles and graduate school at University of Colorado Boulder.”

What’s the best part about living in Durango and teaching at Fort Lewis?

“I’ve always been somehow connected with this school. I used to walk over here as an 8 or 10year-old and use the Library. They had high speed internet which nobody did back then. I have a lot of good feelings about this school.”

Is there any advice that you often give to students?

“Work hard first and have fun with it second. You have to take things seriously, but there’s a lot of fun to be had.”

What do you like to do outside of work?

“I like to ski, and go horseback riding in the mountains. I also do 3D graphic art.”

Where’s your favorite place around Durango?

“I like to spend a lot of time up at Vallecito.”

What’s your favorite food?

“I’m a pretty big fan of Thai food. I spent about a year over there.”

Do you travel a lot?

“I have. I don’t don’t get the chance as much anymore, but I’ve been a lot of places. I definitely encourage people to travel. It does a lot for you as a person.”

What’s your favorite place you have traveled to?

“I went to Siberia twice, and that was kind of amazing. It’s a truly wild place. You go out and there’s grizzly bears eating and there’s giant wolverines. It’s dangerous, but it’s amazingly beautiful and just really wild in a way that a lot of places aren’t anymore.”

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