Intermediate Energy Infobook Activities

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Intermediate Energy Infobook Activities A companion guide to the Intermediate Energy Infobook that includes activities to reinforce general energy information, energy sources, electricity, and conservation.

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Grade Level:

Pri Ele

Int

Intermediate

Sec Subject Areas: Science Language Arts

Social Studies

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NEED Mission Statement The mission of The NEED Project is to promote an energy conscious and educated society by creating effective networks of students, educators, business, government and community leaders to design and deliver objective, multisided energy education programs.

Teacher Advisory Board

Permission to Copy

Constance Beatty Kankakee, IL

Barbara Lazar Albuquerque, NM

James M. Brown Saratoga Springs, NY

Robert Lazar Albuquerque, NM

NEED curriculum is available for reproduction by classroom teachers only. NEED curriculum may only be reproduced for use outside the classroom setting when express written permission is obtained in advance from The NEED Project.

Permission for use can be obtained by contacting info@need.org.

Amy Constant - Schott Raleigh, NC

Leslie Lively Porters Falls, WV

Teacher Advisory Board

Nina Corley Galveston, TX

Jennifer Mitchell Winterbottom Pottstown, PA

In support of NEED, the national Teacher Advisory Board (TAB) is dedicated to developing and promoting standardsbased energy curriculum and training.

Mollie Mukhamedov Port St. Lucie, FL

Energy Data Used in NEED Materials

Shannon Donovan Greene, RI Linda Fonner New Martinsville, WV Samantha Forbes Vienna, VA Michelle Garlick Long Grove, IL Erin Gockel Farmington, NM Robert Griegoliet Naperville, IL Bob Hodash

Don Pruett Jr. Puyallup, WA Judy Reeves Lake Charles, LA Tom Spencer Chesapeake, VA

NEED believes in providing teachers and students with the most recently reported, available, and accurate energy data.

Most statistics and data contained within this guide are derived from the U.S. Energy Information Administration.

Data is compiled and updated annually where available.

Where annual updates are not available, the most current, complete data year available at the time of updates is accessed and printed in NEED materials. To further research energy data, visit the EIA website at www.eia.gov.

Jennifer Trochez MacLean Los Angeles, CA Wayne Yonkelowitz Fayetteville, WV

DaNel Hogan Tucson, AZ Greg Holman Paradise, CA

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Intermediate Energy Infobook Activities

Intermediate Energy Infobook Activities Table of Contents Standards Correlation Information

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NEED Curriculum Resources

Teacher Guide

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For more in-depth information, inquiry investigations, and engaging activities, download these curriculum resources from shop.need.org:

Renewable Energy Bingo Instructions

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Critical Thinking Questions

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Forms of Energy

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Intermediate Science of Energy Intermediate Energy Infobook Energy Flows Also, check out our digital and interactive infobook activities at www.NEED.org/energyinfobooks.

Sources of Energy Worksheets

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Sources of Energy Crosswords

15

Renewables and Nonrenewables

25

How We Use Our Energy Sources

26

The Water Cycle

27

Electricity 28 Electricity Crossword

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Famous Names in Electricity

30

Electric Math

30

Transporting Electricity

31

Measuring Electricity

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Renewable Energy Bingo

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Answer Keys

34

Evaluation Form

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Standards Correlation Information www.NEED.org/curriculumcorrelations

Next Generation Science Standards This guide effectively supports many Next Generation Science Standards. This material can satisfy performance expectations, science and engineering practices, disciplinary core ideas, and cross cutting concepts within your required curriculum. For more details on these correlations, please visit NEED’s curriculum correlations website.

Common Core State Standards This guide has been correlated to the Common Core State Standards in both language arts and mathematics. These correlations are broken down by grade level and guide title, and can be downloaded as a spreadsheet from the NEED curriculum correlations website.

Individual State Science Standards This guide has been correlated to each state’s individual science standards. These correlations are broken down by grade level and guide title, and can be downloaded as a spreadsheet from the NEED website.

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Intermediate Energy Infobook Activities

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Teacher Guide

&Background

Grade Level

Intermediate Energy Infobook Activities is a series of student worksheets designed to reinforce the vocabulary and concepts in the Intermediate Energy Infobook. You can download the Intermediate Energy Infobook or specific energy fact sheets from www.NEED.org/energyinfobooks. Digital and interactive versions of some of these activities can also be accessed at www.NEED.org/games.

Intermediate,

grades 6-8

Time

Decide

which fact sheets and worksheets you will use with your class.

Approximately 30–45 minutes for the students to read each selected fact sheet and complete the worksheets.

Obtain

a class set of Intermediate Energy Infobooks or make copies of the fact sheets you plan to use.

 Additional Resources

2Preparation

Make

copies of the student worksheets you plan to use from this guide.

Procedure 1. Distribute one Intermediate Energy Infobook or the selected fact sheets to each student. Also pass out the worksheets you want them to complete.

2. Have the students read the selected fact sheets. Discuss the concepts and new vocabulary in the fact sheets.

3. Have the students complete the selected worksheets. These worksheets reinforce and synthesize the information in the Intermediate Energy Infobook. Worksheets include: Forms

of Energy, page 9 Sources

of energy worksheets, pages 10–27 Electricity

worksheets, pages 28–32 4. Critical Thinking Questions are included on page 8. You may choose to use any or all questions with your students for discussion or writing integration.

The Intermediate Energy Infobook can be downloaded as an e-publication for easy use on tablets or interactive boards.

Energy in the Balance contains charting and graphing activities to further reinforce the information in the infobooks. Many other NEED activities also reinforce and synthesize the information in the infobooks, such as Energy Jeopardy, Great Energy Debate, Energy on Stage, Energy Live!, Energy Expos, and Energy Carnival.

5. Answer keys for activities can be found on pages 34-51.

6. As an extension, play Renewable Energy Bingo as a class. Instructions can be found on pages 6-7 and the student worksheet can be found on page 33.

7. Use the Evaluation Form on page 52 to evaluate the activities.

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Renewable Energy BINGO Instructions Renewable Energy Bingo is a great icebreaker for a NEED workshop or conference. As a classroom activity, it also makes a great introduction to an energy unit.

Get Ready

2Preparation

Pass out one Renewable Energy Bingo sheet to each member of the group.

5 minutes

 Time 45 minutes Bingos are available on several different topics.

Check out these resources for more bingo options!

Biomass

Bingo—Energy Stories and More Change

a Light Bingo—Energy Conservation Contract Coal

Bingo—Coal guides Energy

Bingo—Energy Games and Icebreakers Energy

Efficiency Bingo— Monitoring and Mentoring and Learning and Conserving Hydrogen

Bingo—H2 Educate Hydropower

Bingo— Hydropower guides Nuclear

Energy Bingo— Nuclear guides Oil and Natural Gas Bingo—Oil and Natural Gas guides Science

of Energy Bingo— Science of Energy guides Solar

Bingo—Solar guides Transportation

Bingo— Transportation guides Wind

Energy Bingo—Wind guides

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Duplicate as many Renewable Energy Bingo sheets (found on page 33) as needed for each person in your group. In addition, decide now if you want to give the winner of your game a prize and what the prize will be.

Get Set Go PART ONE: FILLING IN THE BINGO SHEETS Give the group the following instructions to create bingo cards: This

bingo activity is very similar to regular bingo. However, there are a few things you’ll need to know to play this game. First, please take a minute to look at your bingo sheet and read the 16 statements at the top of the page. Shortly, you’ll be going around the room trying to find 16 people about whom the statements are true so you can write their names in one of the 16 boxes.

When

I give you the signal, you’ll get up and ask a person if a statement at the top of your bingo sheet is true for them. If the person gives what you believe is a correct response, write the person’s name in the corresponding box on the lower part of the page. For example, if you ask a person question “D” and he or she gives you what you think is a correct response, then go ahead and write the person’s name in box D. A correct response is important because later on, if you get bingo, that person will be asked to answer the question correctly in front of the group. If he or she can’t answer the question correctly, then you lose bingo. So, if someone gives you an incorrect answer, ask someone else! Don’t use your name for one of the boxes or use the same person’s name twice.

Try to fill all 16 boxes in the next 20 minutes. This will increase your chances of winning. After the 20 minutes are up, please sit down and I will begin asking players to stand up and give their names. Are there any questions? You’ll now have 20 minutes. Go! During

the next 20 minutes, move around the room to assist the players. Every five minutes or so tell the players how many minutes are remaining in the game. Give the players a warning when just a minute or two remains. When the 20 minutes are up, stop the players and ask them to be seated.

PART TWO: PLAYING BINGO Give the class the following instructions to play the game: When

I point to you, please stand up and in a LOUD and CLEAR voice give us your name. Now, if anyone has the name of the person I call on, put a big “X” in the box with that person’s name. When you get four names in a row—across, down, or diagonally—shout “Bingo!” Then I’ll ask you to come up front to verify your results.

Let’s

start off with you (point to a player in the group). Please stand and give us your name. (Player gives name. Let’s say the player’s name was “Joe.”) Okay, players, if any of you have Joe’s name in one of your boxes, go ahead and put an “X” through that box.

When

the first player shouts “Bingo,” ask him (or her) to come to the front of the room. Ask him to give his name. Then ask him to tell the group how his bingo run was made, e.g., down from A to M, across from E to H, and so on.

Intermediate Energy Infobook Activities

Now

you need to verify the winner’s results. Ask the bingo winner to call out the first person’s name on his bingo run. That player then stands and the bingo winner asks him the question which he previously answered during the 20-minute session. For example, if the statement was “can name at least three renewable energy sources,” the player must now name three sources. If he can answer the question correctly, the bingo winner calls out the next person’s name on his bingo run. However, if he does not answer the question correctly, the bingo winner does not have bingo after all and must sit down with the rest of the players. You should continue to point to players until another person yells “Energy Bingo.”

RENEWABLE ENERGY BINGO

ANSWERS

A. Has been to a renewable power plant

B. Knows which state generates the most geothermal energy

C. Can name at least three renewable energy sources

D. Knows the percentage of electricity produced by renewable sources in the U.S.

E. Can name two types of biomass

F. Knows the source of energy that drives the water cycle

G. Can name two factors to consider when siting a wind farm

H. Has used a solar clothes dryer

I.

J.

K. Knows the renewable source that produces the most electricity in the U.S.

L. Knows the cost per kilowatthour of electricity for residential customers

O. Has used wind energy for transportation

P. Can name the device in a hydropower plant that captures the energy of flowing water

Has seen a modern wind turbine

Knows the renewable source that produces the most energy in the U.S.

M. Knows how radiant energy travels N. Can name two kinds of through space hydropower

A

B

waste-to-energy, solar thermal, solar PV, hydropower plant

C

D solar hydropower wind geothermal biomass

California

14% (13.58)

E

F

G

H

wood, crops, manure, garbage, landfill gas, alcohol fuels, ethanol, and biodiesel

Solar energy drives the water cycle

Wind speed, wind blocks,environmental impact, ability to transport electricity to population centers, etc.

Anyone who has hung clothes to dry outside

I

J

K

L

ask for location/description

M

N

in electromagnetic waves (or transverse waves)

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hydropower

biomass

pumped storage or run of river hydroelectric power plant, tidal power, wave power, ocean thermal energy conservation

O

The national average is $0.127 per kWh for residential customers

P sailboat sailboard etc.

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A turbine captures the energy of flowing water.

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Critical Thinking Questions

1. Explain five transfers of energy that are happening right now in your classroom.

2. Write a persuasive letter to a town council about the advantages and disadvantages of a new landfill.

3. Do you think people mining for coal should have to use reclamation on the land? Why or why not?

4. Rank the layers of the Earth in order of importance. Give reasons why you ranked them in that order.

5. Write one paragraph for each side of a debate between an environmentalist who is worried about the construction of a hydropower plant and the plant owner.

6. Compare how sectors use natural gas to how they use other sources. What does natural gas have in common with other sources? What is unique about it? What generalizations can you make about natural gas after looking at the data?

7. Fleet vehicles and machinery that are used indoors are often powered by propane. Why do you think these vehicles (more than others) are likely to use propane instead of petroleum?

8. Describe one benefit and one challenge of U.S. petroleum consumption.

9. Many energy sources can be dangerous if not captured, used, or contained properly. Make a list of problems that can arise through the use of uranium and solutions that can be used to prevent the problems from occurring.

10. If a 10-turbine wind farm was going to be placed somewhere in your community and its surroundings, where do you think the ideal site would be? Explain the reason you picked that site. Also include five sites you considered but rejected and the reasons why you rejected them.

11. Summarize what the chart on page 25, Renewables and Nonrenewables, shows you about our use of renewable and nonrenewable resources.

12. Add another five words that have to do with electricity to the electricity crossword. They need to appropriately connect to the current puzzle. Write clues that would help someone figure out your words.

13. When we flip a switch, our lights go on. When we plug something in, and turn it on, it works. We don’t think about where this energy, electricity, comes from. Pretend you are an electron. Explain your journey from an energy resource to your video game system.

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Intermediate Energy Infobook Activities

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Forms of Energy

Fill in the blanks with the words at the bottom of the page. Some words will be used more than once. Use the word that best completes the sentence.

1. Stored energy and the energy of position are _____________________________ energy.

2. Compressed springs and stretched rubber bands are examples of _____________________________ energy.

3. The vibration and movement of the atoms and molecules within substances is called _____________________________ energy.

4. The scientific rule that states that energy cannot be created or destroyed is called the Law of _____________________________.

5. The movement of energy through substances in longitudinal waves is _____________________________ energy.

6. The energy of position—such as a rock on a hill—is _____________________________ energy.

7. The movement of objects and substances from place to place is _____________________________ energy.

8. Electromagnetic energy traveling in transverse waves is _____________________________ energy.

9. Energy stored in the bonds of atoms and molecules is _____________________________ energy.

10. The movement of atoms, molecules, waves, and electrons is _____________________________ energy.

11. The movement of electrons is _____________________________ energy.

12. The amount of useful energy you get from a system is its _____________________________.

13. The energy in petroleum and coal is stored as _____________________________ energy.

14. X-rays are an example of _____________________________ energy.

15. Fission and fusion are examples of _____________________________ energy.

16. A hydropower reservoir is an example of _____________________________ energy.

17. Wind is an example of the energy of _____________________________.

Word Bank chemical

Conservation

of Energy elastic

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electrical

energy

efficiency gravitational

potential

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kinetic

motion

nuclear

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potential

radiant

sound

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thermal

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Biomass Description of biomass: Renewable or nonrenewable: Description of photosynthesis: Ways we turn biomass into energy we can use: Who uses biomass and for what purposes: Effect of using biomass on the environment: Important facts about biomass:

Coal Description of coal: Renewable or nonrenewable: Where coal is located and how we recover it: Ways we turn coal into energy we can use: Who uses coal and for what purposes: Effect of using coal on the environment: Important facts about coal:

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Intermediate Energy Infobook Activities

Geothermal Description of geothermal energy: Renewable or nonrenewable: Where geothermal resources are located and how we recover them: Ways we turn geothermal energy into energy we can use: Who uses geothermal energy and for what purposes: Effect of using geothermal energy on the environment: Important facts about geothermal energy:

Hydropower Description of hydropower: Renewable or nonrenewable: Description of the water cycle: Ways we turn hydropower into energy we can use: Who uses hydropower and for what purposes: Effect of using hydropower on the environment: Important facts about hydropower:

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Natural Gas Description of natural gas: Renewable or nonrenewable: Where natural gas is located and how we recover it: Ways we turn natural gas into energy we can use: Who uses natural gas and for what purposes: Effect of using natural gas on the environment: Important facts about natural gas:

Petroleum Description of petroleum: Renewable or nonrenewable: Where petroleum is located and how we recover it: Ways we turn petroleum into energy we can use: Who uses petroleum and for what purposes: Effect of using petroleum on the environment: Important facts about petroleum:

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Intermediate Energy Infobook Activities

Propane Description of propane: Renewable or nonrenewable: Where propane is located and how we recover it: Ways we turn propane into energy we can use: Who uses propane and for what purposes: Effect of using propane on the environment: Important facts about propane:

Solar Description of solar energy: Renewable or nonrenewable: How solar energy is produced: Ways we turn solar energy into energy we can use: Who uses solar energy and for what purposes: Effect of using solar energy on the environment: Important facts about solar energy:

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Uranium (Nuclear) Description of uranium: Renewable or nonrenewable: Where uranium is located and how we recover it: Ways we turn uranium into energy we can use: Who uses uranium (nuclear energy) and for what purposes: Effect of using uranium (nuclear energy) on the environment: Important facts about uranium (nuclear energy):

Wind Description of wind energy: Renewable or nonrenewable: Where wind energy is located and how we recover it: Ways we turn wind into energy we can use: Who uses wind and for what purposes: Effect of using wind on the environment: Important facts about wind:

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Intermediate Energy Infobook Activities

Biomass Crossword

Another name for a dump

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Coal Crossword

ACROSS

DOWN

1. Substances damaging to the environment

1. Electricity is made in a _____ plant

4. Number one coal producing state

2. Can’t be quickly replenished

5. Plant that cleans coal

3. How coal is removed from deep under the ground

9. Worker that takes coal from the ground

6. Main use of coal

12. Kind of fuel made from ancient plants

7. A potential impact of burning coal

15. Energy-rich mixture of carbon and hydrogen

8. Moves coal over land

16. How shallow coal is removed

10. Coal still in the ground 11. Residue of burned coal 13. Water-based coal mover 14. Where energy in coal originated

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Intermediate Energy Infobook Activities

Geothermal Crossword

ACROSS

DOWN

1. Melted iron

1. Earth layer with magma and rock

2. Greek word for heat

3. Geothermal energy is caused by _____ decay

4. Where geothermal energy is located

5. Geothermal resource good for bathing

6. The Earth’s crust is in giant pieces called _____

8. Replenished in a short time

7. Mountain with geothermal energy

9. Greek word for Earth

11. Area of Pacific with geothermal resources

10. Produced by a geothermal plant

13. Produced by volcanoes

11. Underground geothermal pool

14. Center of the Earth

12. Prefix meaning water

15. Outer layer of the Earth

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Hydropower Crossword

ACROSS

18

DOWN

3. Force that moves water

1. Rain, snow, sleet, or hail

5. Dams can _____ energy until it’s needed

2. Giant tube in a hydropower plant

8. Moving water spins the blades of this

4. Movement of water through the atmosphere and Earth

9. Lake behind a dam

6. Replenished in a short time

12. This energy powers the water cycle

7. Has magnets and coils of copper wire

14. Part of a dam for extra or overflow water

10. Produced by a generator

15. Dams can control these dangerous events

11. Water changing from liquid to gas

16. Prefix meaning water

13. Large structure across a river

Intermediate Energy Infobook Activities

Natural Gas Crossword

ACROSS

DOWN

3. Can’t be replenished quickly

1. Major user of natural gas

4. Energy in natural gas originated here

2. Where natural gas is usually found

5. Main ingredient of natural gas

7. Producer of renewable methane (organic decay)

6. Device to measure natural gas usage

9. Most natural gas is burned to _____ homes and buildings

8. Strong-smelling additive to natural gas

12. Number one natural gas producing state

10. How most natural gas is moved

13. Natural gas is sometimes found with this solid fossil fuel

11. Company that sells natural gas to consumers 13. Form in which energy is stored in natural gas 14. Many _____ use natural gas for heat 15. Kind of fuel made from ancient plants and animals

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Petroleum Crossword

14 15

ACROSS

DOWN

1. Possible environmental effect of burning petroleum

2. Not replenishable in a short time

4. Economy sector that uses the most petroleum

3. Main product of petroleum refinery

7. Petroleum is distilled into _____ fuel for flight

5. These transport oil underground or just above ground

8. These are dug to find oil

6. Number one petroleum producing state

9. Some of our oil is under the _____

10. Petroleum as it comes from wells

12. Kind of fuel made from ancient plants and animals

11. Plant that processes petroleum

14. We _____ about 48 percent of our petroleum from

13. We _____ wells to get petroleum

other countries 15. Structure that houses drilling equipment

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Intermediate Energy Infobook Activities

Propane Crossword

ACROSS

DOWN

1. Kind of fuel made from ancient plants and animals

1. Propane is used for heat on _____

3. Propane state under pressure

2. Propane is an LPG -- a _____ petroleum gas

5. Propane warehouse or distribution _____

4. Local propane dealers fill their trucks at a _____

6. Propane is distributed to customers by _____

6. Propane is stored at home in _____

7. Propane is moved long distances by _____

7. Propane is a liquid under _____

10. Propane is used in ______ areas

8. People cook with propane on _____

12. Not replenishable in a short time

9. Propane in its natural state

13. Propane is easy to transport; it’s _____

11. Propane can be stored in an underground _____

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Solar Crossword

ACROSS 1. An _____ solar house has special equipment 4. Element produced in nuclear fusion in the sun’s core 5. Element transformed in nuclear fusion in the sun’s core 7. Light can convert to _____ when it is absorbed 9. Solar cell 12. Visible radiant energy 13. Direction PV cells and solar collectors should face in the U.S. 14. Form of energy meaning heat

DOWN 2. A solar _____ gathers radiant energy and turns it into thermal energy 3. A solar collector can heat ____ for showers 6. The sun _____ or sends out energy all the time 8. PV cells convert radiant energy into _____ 9. Solar houses without special equipment to collect sunlight 10. Combining nuclei of atoms 11. Prefix meaning light

15. Measure of electricity

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Intermediate Energy Infobook Activities

Uranium Crossword

ACROSS

DOWN

2. Storage facility for spent nuclear fuel

1. Can’t make more uranium; it’s _____

3. Smallest units of elements

2. Part of a power plant where fission takes place

6. Spent fuel will lose this over time

4. Center of a reactor

7. A _____ reaction keeps going on its own once started

5. Splitting of nuclei of atoms

8. Combining nuclei of atoms

9. Energy stored in nuclei of atoms

12. Metallic element used in nuclear power plants

10. Containers for uranium pellets

14. Product of nuclear power plants

11. Where a nuclear power plant stores its radioactive waste 13. Fission produces this form of energy

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Wind Crossword

ACROSS

DOWN

1. Wind turbines can produce enough _____ to power up to 1,000 homes

2. Number of blades on most wind turbines

3. Parts of a wind turbine that capture wind energy

5. Warm air _____

6. Replenished in a short time

9. Group of wind turbines

7. Energy source that produces wind

10. Transfers motion to the generator

8. A turbine blade _____ the speed of the wind

13. A top wind energy state

4. Device that measures wind speed

11. Device to increase speed of spinning shaft 12. Device that turns motion into electricity 14. Air over _____ heats up more slowly 15. Wind increases with _____ (elevation) 16. Wind is caused by uneven _____ of the Earth’s surface

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Intermediate Energy Infobook Activities

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Renewables and Nonrenewables

Convert the quads into percentages and make a pie chart showing how much U.S. energy in 2015 came from renewable sources and how much came from nonrenewable sources. Round to the nearest hundredth.

(Q = quad or quadrillion British thermal units)

Petroleum*

35.603 Q = _____________ %

Natural Gas*

28.196 Q = _____________ %

Coal

15.549 Q = _____________ %

Uranium

8.337 Q = _____________ %

Biomass

4.734 Q = _____________ %

Hydropower

2.321 Q = _____________ %

Wind

1.777 Q = _____________ %

Geothermal and Solar

0.638 Q = _____________ %

Total Quad BTUs

_______ = _____________ %

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How We Use Our Energy Sources

In the boxes, number the main uses of each energy source from 1 to 5, with 1 as the most important use. Some sources may be used in only one or two ways. Once you have completed your chart, pick one source of energy and describe how and why you ranked the uses for each.

TRANSPORTATION

26

MAKE PRODUCTS

HEATING/COOLING

LIGHTING

MAKE ELECTRICITY

Intermediate Energy Infobook Activities

The Water Cycle Label and describe the water cycle in the space below following the numbers on the diagram.

The Water Cycle 1

3

4 2

2 5

1.

2.

3.

4.

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Electricity Write the word that best describes each definition in the blank space. Use each word only once. Not all words may be used.

1. A substance in which all atoms are identical. _____________________________ 2. The center of an atom. _____________________________ 3. The negatively-charged particle of an atom. _____________________________ 4. The positively-charged particle of an atom. _____________________________ 5. The particle in the nucleus of an atom with no charge. _____________________________ 6. The smallest part of an element that keeps all of the element’s characteristics. _____________________________ 7. An electrical force within an atomic particle. _____________________________ 8. The areas around the nucleus where electrons are located. _____________________________ 9. The force field created between the poles of a magnet. ______________________________ 10. A device that does work in an electric circuit. _____________________________ 11. A path through which electricity travels. _____________________________ 12. An object in which the molecules are arranged so that north-seeking poles point one direction, while southseeking poles point another. _____________________________ 13. How like charges or magnetic poles respond. _____________________________ 14. A device with magnets and coils of wire that produces electricity. _____________________________ 15. A device that produces electricity through a chemical reaction. _____________________________

Word Bank � atom � attract � battery � charge � circuit � electron

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� element � energy levels � generator � load � magnet � magnetic field

� neutron � nucleus � proton � repel � turbine

Intermediate Energy Infobook Activities

Electricity Crossword

ACROSS

DOWN

1. Electricity is a _____ source of energy.

2. _____ lines send electricity over a nationwide network.

6. A _____ is the amount of energy used in one hour by ten 100-watt light bulbs.

9. Electricity is sent to a _____ that “steps up” the voltage.

10. ______ lines deliver electricity to your home.

11. In a coal-fired power plant, thirty-five percent of the fuel is converted into electricity. This is called the _____ of the power plant.

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1. _____ are small buildings containing transformers and electrical equipment.

3. A _____ is a measure of the electric power an appliance uses.

4. A _____ is found in a generator and can be spun to create electricity.

5. _____ is the fossil fuel that generates the most electricity in the U.S. 7. High pressure steam turns the blades of a _____.

8. A _____ houses magnets and a spinning coil of copper wire.

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Famous Names in Electricity The sentences below refer to famous scientists and inventors from the History of Electricity section of your electricity fact sheet. Read the sentence. Next, write the last name of the scientist or inventor in the squares and circles. Unscramble the letters in the circles to form the answer to the final statement.

1. First scientist to conduct an electric current by passing a magnet through copper wiring.

2. In 1895, he opened a power plant that used AC power.

3. Many people believe he discovered electricity with his famous lightning experiment.

4. Using salt water, zinc, and copper, he created the first electric cell.

5. He invented the light bulb and opened the first electric power plant.

6. The first electric power plant able to transport electricity over 200 miles.

Electric Math Match the following numbers with the statements below. You will use each number only once. Write the numbers on the lines to the left of the statements. Next, perform the mathematical operations indicated by each statement. Write your answers on the lines to the right of the statements.

12.7

120

1000

1882

1879

35

1. Start with the voltage used to operate most household appliances.

2. Divide this number by the cost, in cents, of a kilowatt-hour of electricity =

__________________

3. Multiply this number by the average efficiency of a thermal power plant =

__________________

4. Add to this number the year the light bulb was invented =

__________________

5. Divide this number by the number of watts in one kilowatt =

__________________

6. Multiply this number by the year Edison started his power plant =

ANSWER

30

Intermediate Energy Infobook Activities

1. Power plant:

Transporting Electricity

2

3

4

5

6 7

Explain what each of the components numbered below does to get electricity from the generator to the consumer.

1

2. Step-up transformer: 3. Transmission line: 4. Power tower: 5. Step-down transformer: 6. Distribution line: 7. Neighborhood transformer:

31

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1.800.875.5029

8408 Kao Circle, Manassas, VA 20110

Š 2017 The NEED Project

Measuring Electricity Directions: Fill in the blanks in the tables below.

TABLE 1 VOLTAGE

=

CURRENT

X

RESISTANCE

1.5 V

=

______ A

x

3Ω

______ V

=

3A

x

4Ω

120 V

=

4A

x

______ Ω

240 V

=

______ A

x

12 Ω

POWER

=

VOLTAGE

X

CURRENT

27 W

=

9V

x

______ A

______ W

=

120 V

x

1.5 A

45 W

=

______ V

x

3A

______ W

=

120 V

x

2A

TABLE 2

TABLE 3 APPLIANCE

POWER

=

VOLTAGE

X

CURRENT

TV

180 W

=

120 V

x

______ A

COMPUTER

40 W

=

120 V

x

______ A

PRINTER

120 W

=

120 V

x

______ A

HAIR DRYER

1,000 W

=

120 V

x

______ A

TABLE 4

32

POWER

X

TIME

=

5 kW

x

100 h

=

25 kW

x

4h

1,000 W

x

1h

ELECTRICAL ENERGY

X

PRICE

=

COST

____________

x

$ 0.127

=

$ ______

=

____________

x

$ 0.127

=

$ ______

=

____________

x

$ 0.127

=

$ ______

(kWh)

Intermediate Energy Infobook Activities

RENEWABLE ENERGY BINGO A. Has been to a renewable power plant

B. Knows which state generates the most geothermal energy

C. Can name at least three renewable energy sources

D. Knows the percentage of electricity produced by renewable sources in the U.S.

E. Can name two types of biomass

F. Knows the source of energy that drives the water cycle

G. Can name two factors to consider when siting a wind farm

H. Has used a solar clothes dryer

I.

J.

K. Knows the renewable source that produces the most electricity in the U.S.

L. Knows the cost per kilowatthour of electricity for residential customers

O. Has used wind energy for transportation

P. Can name the device in a hydropower plant that captures the energy of flowing water

ME ME NA NA

E www.NEED.org

E

NA ME NA 1.800.875.5029

P

NA M

ME

E

ME

L

O

8408 Kao Circle, Manassas, VA 20110

NA

ME ME NA

ME NA

NA NA NA

H

K

N

ME

M

Š 2017 The NEED Project

G

J

ME

I

D

NA

NA

NA

F

ME

E

C

ME

B

ME

A

N. Can name two kinds of hydropower

NA M

M. Knows how radiant energy travels through space

Knows the renewable source that produces the most energy in the U.S.

NA M

Has seen a modern wind turbine

33

e

Answers to Critical Thinking Questions

1. Explain five transfers of energy that are happening right now in your classroom. Answers may include: electrical to sound (radio, bell, tv), chemical to motion (food digesting in stomachs), radiant to heat (students sitting near the window feeling warm).

2. Write a persuasive letter to a town council about the advantages and disadvantages of a new landfill. Answers may include: Negative— smell, smoke from burning garbage; Positive—cheaper power, cheaper garbage pickup.

3. Do you think people mining for coal should have to use reclamation on the land? Why or why not? Students should pick yes or no, and explain why the land should be taken care of after it has been used for mining or why it should not.

4. Rank the layers of the Earth in order of importance. Give reasons why you ranked them in that order. Students should order the layers (core, mantle, crust) and defend why they put them in that order.

5. Write one paragraph for each side of a debate between an environmentalist who is worried about the construction of a hydropower plant and the plant owner. Answers may include the environmentalist being worried about flooding the area and the loss of animals and habitat. The plant owner may state that the reservoir will provide recreational options and that fish ladders and other things can be built to protect the wildlife. They may also mention that the area needs a cheap, clean power source, and the dam will provide that.

6. Compare how sectors use natural gas to how they use other sources. What does natural gas have in common with other sources? What is unique about it? What generalizations can you make about natural gas after looking at the data? Answers may include that it is split between sectors (commercial, residential, industrial, transportation, and electricity) like some other sources (biomass and petroleum). Unlike the others, natural gas does not have a sector that dominates its resources. This could mean that natural gas is more versatile than the other sources.

7. Fleet vehicles and machinery that are used indoors are often powered by propane. Why do you think these vehicles (more than others) are likely to use propane instead of petroleum? Answers may include that indoor vehicles don’t want any form of exhaust that would come with a petroleum vehicle since they are trapped indoors. Fleet vehicles are able to use propane since they have set routes or a set location they remain in. They are able to access propane filling areas. Other vehicles would have more trouble with it since there are not many propane filling stations.

8. Describe one benefit and one challenge of U.S. petroleum consumption. Answers will vary but benefits may include that petroleum fuels our society allowing us to travel easily, or that petroleum is an inexpensive transportation fuel compared to many alternative fuels. Challenges may include that we consume more petroleum than we produce or that burning petroleum releases carbon dioxide.

9. Many energy sources can be dangerous if not captured, used, or contained properly. Make a list of problems that can arise through the use of uranium and solutions that can be used to prevent the problems from occurring.

Answers may include that used fuel from a nuclear reactor is radioactive, but is stored safely on site. A nuclear power plant accident could cause wide spread damage but radioactive power plants in the U.S. are specifically designed and built to contain radiation and radioactive material in the unlikely case of an accident. Emergency plans are in place in nearby communities to advise residents. Nuclear power plant workers are highly trained and follow safety procedures.

10. If a 10-turbine wind farm was going to be placed somewhere in your community and its surroundings, where do you think the ideal site would be? Explain the reason you picked that site. Also includes five sites you considered but rejected and the reasons why you rejected them.

Answers should include that the area needs to be big enough to support 10 turbines. The turbines should be the tallest thing around, so the wind is not blocked. The area underneath could be used for farmland or grazing land, but should not otherwise be used. The area must have strong, steady winds. There should not be any bird migration or bird nesting sites in the immediate vicinity.

11. Summarize what the chart on page 25, Renewables and Nonrenewables, shows you about our use of renewable and nonrenewable resources.

Student summaries might include the fact that we use 90.2% nonrenewable sources, that we use more coal (or petroleum or natural gas) than all of the renewables combined, or that the renewables are only a small piece of the pie.

12. Add another five words that have to do with electricity to the electricity crossword. They need to appropriately connect to the current puzzle. Write clues that would help someone figure out your words. Answers will vary.

13. When we flip a switch, our lights go on. When we plug something in, and turn it on, it works. We don’t think about where this energy, electricity, comes from. Pretend you are a spark of electricity. Explain your journey from an energy resource to your video game system.

Students may identify the energy source they begin as (uranium, coal, etc.). Students may explain how that resource turns into electricity. They should trace the path from the power plant to the transformer, the transmission lines, the neighborhood transformer, the distribution line, a small transformer, and finally wires into the walls in the house. There is a diagram on page 31 that may be helpful.

34

ANSWERS

Intermediate Energy Infobook Activities

e

Forms of Energy Answers

Fill in the blanks with the words at the bottom of the page. Some words will be used more than once. Use the word that best completes the sentence.

potential 1. Stored energy and the energy of position are _____________________________ energy. elastic 2. Compressed springs and stretched rubber bands are examples of_____________________________ energy.

3. The vibration and movement of the atoms and molecules within substances is called

thermal _____________________________ energy.

4. The scientific rule that states that energy cannot be created or destroyed is called the Law of

Conservation of Energy _____________________________. sound 5. The movement of energy through substances in longitudinal waves is _____________________________ energy. gravitational potential 6. The energy of position—such as a rock on a hill—is _____________________________ energy. motion 7. The movement of objects and substances from place to place is _____________________________ energy. radiant 8. Electromagnetic energy traveling in transverse waves is _____________________________ energy. chemical 9. Energy stored in the bonds of atoms and molecules is _____________________________ energy. kinetic 10. The movement of atoms, molecules, waves, and electrons is _____________________________ energy. electrical 11. The movement of electrons is _____________________________ energy. energy efficiency 12. The amount of useful energy you get from a system is its _____________________________. chemical 13. The energy in petroleum and coal is stored as _____________________________ energy. radiant 14. X-rays are an example of _____________________________ energy. nuclear 15. Fission and fusion are examples of _____________________________ energy. gravitational potential 16. A hydropower reservoir is an example of _____________________________ energy. motion 17. Wind is an example of the energy of _____________________________.

Word Bank chemical

Conservation

of Energy elastic

© 2017 The NEED Project

electrical

energy

efficiency gravitational

potential

8408 Kao Circle, Manassas, VA 20110

kinetic

motion

nuclear

1.800.875.5029

potential

radiant

sound

www.NEED.org

thermal

ANSWERS

35

Biomass Description of biomass:

Any organic material that can be used for its energy content—wood, garbage, yard waste, crop waste, animal waste, even human waste.

Renewable or nonrenewable: Renewable

Description of photosynthesis:

The process by which light (radiant energy) is converted to sugars or glucose in a plant.

Ways we turn biomass into energy we can use:

Burning to produce heat, fermentation into alcohol fuel (ethanol), bacterial decay into methane, conversion to gas or liquid fuels by addition of heat or chemicals

Who uses biomass and for what purposes:

Industry burns waste wood to make products, homes burn wood for heat, waste-to-energy plants burn organic waste products to produce electricity, and ethanol is used as a transportation fuel.

Effect of using biomass on the environment:

Burning biomass can produce air pollution and it can also produce odors. Burning biomass is cleaner than burning fossil fuels. Growing plants for biomass fuel may reduce some carbon dioxide emissions by reducing CO2 in the atmosphere.

Important facts about biomass:

Biomass gets its energy from the sun through the process of photosynthesis.

Using biomass reduces the amount of organic material placed in landfills.

Fast-growing crops can be grown for their energy content.

Coal Description of coal:

Coal is a black, solid hydrocarbon (fossil fuel) formed from the remains of ancient plants in swamps millions to hundreds of millions of years ago.

Renewable or nonrenewable: Nonrenewable

Where coal is located and how we recover it:

Coal is located underground in many areas of the country. Shallow seams are surface mined. Coal buried deep is reached through underground mine shafts.

Ways we turn coal into energy we can use: Most coal is burned to produce thermal energy.

Who uses coal and for what purposes:

Power plants burn most of the coal to produce electricity. Industries also burn coal to make products, especially steel and iron.

Effect of using coal on the environment:

Burning coal causes emissions of CO2 and other pollution and can cause acid rain. Burning coal also produces carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas.

Important facts about coal:

Coal produces about 33.1 percent of the electricity in the U.S. The U.S. has the largest reserves of coal in the world.

Coal is found in Appalachian states and some western states.

Wyoming, West Virginia, Kentucky, Illinois, and Pennsylvania are the top coal producing states.

Coal is transported mainly by train and barge. Transporting coal is a huge expense.

36

ANSWERS

Intermediate Energy Infobook Activities

Geothermal Description of geothermal energy:

Geothermal energy is heat produced in the Earth’s core by the slow decay of naturally-occurring radioactive particles.

Renewable or nonrenewable: Renewable

Where geothermal resources are located and how we recover them:

Low temperature resources are almost everywhere a few feet underground. High temperature resources are found along major plate boundaries, especially around the Ring of Fire in the Pacific Ocean.

Ways we turn geothermal energy into energy we can use:

We can drill wells to reach high temperature resources, or lay pipes filled with fluid underground. Some geothermal resources come out of the ground naturally, and we can pipe it to where it’s needed.

Who uses geothermal energy and for what purposes:

Power plants use geothermal steam to produce electricity. Homes and businesses use the hot water and steam for thermal energy.

Effect of using geothermal energy on the environment: There is very little environmental effect.

Important facts about geothermal energy:

Earth is made of layers—an inner core of iron, an outer core of magma (melted rock), a mantle of magma and rock, and a crust. The crust is not a solid piece, but giant plates of land that move. Along the edges of the plates, geothermal resources tend to come to the surface.

Hydropower Description of hydropower:

Hydropower is the force of moving water caused by gravity.

Renewable or nonrenewable: Renewable

Description of the water cycle:

The sun shines onto the Earth, evaporating the water in oceans, rivers, and lakes. The water vapor rises into the atmosphere and forms clouds. The water vapor condenses and falls to Earth as precipitation.

Ways we turn hydropower into energy we can use:

We can harness the energy in flowing water by damming rivers and using waterfalls.

Who uses hydropower and for what purposes: Electric utilities use hydropower dams to turn the energy in flowing water into electricity.

Effect of using hydropower on the environment:

Dams can flood land and disrupt animal and fish habitats. Hydropower doesn’t pollute the air, but it does alter the flow of rivers.

Important facts about hydropower: Hydropower dams are the cheapest and cleanest way to produce electricity.

There are few places in the U.S. where new dams can be built.

Some existing dams could have turbines installed to produce electricity. © 2017 The NEED Project

8408 Kao Circle, Manassas, VA 20110

1.800.875.5029

www.NEED.org

ANSWERS

37

Natural Gas Description of natural gas:

Natural gas is a colorless, odorless gas formed hundreds of millions of years ago from tiny sea plants and animals. It is a fossil fuel.

Renewable or nonrenewable:

Nonrenewable, although methane produced from landfill gas is classified as renewable.

Where natural gas is located and how we recover it:

Natural gas is located in underground rock formations in sedimentary basins. We drill wells to reach it and pipe it from the ground.

Ways we turn natural gas into energy we can use:

Usually we burn natural gas to produce heat or generate electricity.

Who uses natural gas and for what purposes:

Power plants burn natural gas to produce electricity. Industry burns natural gas to manufacture products. Homes and businesses burn natural gas to heat buildings and water, and for cooking.

Effect of using natural gas on the environment:

Natural gas is a cleaner burning fossil fuel, but it produces some air pollution and carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas.

Important facts about natural gas:

Mercaptan, an odorant that smells like rotten eggs, is added to natural gas so leaks can be detected.

Natural gas is shipped hundreds of thousands of miles in underground and above ground pipelines.

Natural gas can be used as a transportation fuel if it is put under pressure and engines are modified.

Petroleum Description of petroleum:

Petroleum is a liquid hydrocarbon, a fossil fuel formed hundreds of millions of years ago from the remains of tiny sea plants and animals.

It can be thin and clear like water or thick and black like tar.

Renewable or nonrenewable: Nonrenewable

Where petroleum is located and how we recover it:

Petroleum is located underground in rocks in sedimentary basins. Much is under water. We drill wells to find it, then must pump it from the ground.

Ways we turn petroleum into energy we can use:

Petroleum is refined into many different fuels that are burned to produce heat.

Who uses petroleum and for what purposes:

Most petroleum products are used by the transportation sector to move people and goods. Industry burns petroleum to manufacture products and also uses petroleum as a feedstock to produce many products.

Effect of using petroleum on the environment:

Burning petroleum causes air pollution and produces carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas. Drilling for and transporting petroleum can cause damage to the land and water if there are leaks or spills.

Important facts about petroleum:

We use more petroleum than any other energy source.

The U.S. does not produce enough petroleum to meet our needs.

We import about 48 percent of the petroleum we use from foreign countries.

Petroleum is moved over land mostly by pipeline, and over water by tanker.

38

ANSWERS

Intermediate Energy Infobook Activities

Propane Description of propane:

Propane is a colorless, odorless fossil fuel found with petroleum and natural gas. It was formed hundreds of millions of years ago from the remains of tiny sea plants and animals. It is produced from petroleum and natural gas.

Renewable or nonrenewable: Nonrenewable

Where propane is located and how we recover it:

Propane is found with petroleum and natural gas deposits and is separated from both fuels during refining and processing.

Ways we turn propane into energy we can use:

We put propane in tanks under pressure to turn it into a liquid so that it is more easily moved from place to place, then we burn it to produce thermal energy.

Who uses propane and for what purposes:

Industry uses propane to make products; farmers use propane for heat in rural areas; homes use propane for outdoor grills; businesses use propane to fuel indoor machinery and as a fleet fuel.

Effect of using propane on the environment:

Propane is a cleaner burning fossil fuel, but burning it does produce some air pollutants and carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas.

Important facts about propane:

Propane is an LPG – liquefied petroleum gas.

Propane is easily turned into a liquid under pressure. It takes up 270 times less space as a liquid.

Propane is stored in underground caverns and moved by pipelines and trucks.

Propane is called a portable fuel because it is easily transported as a liquid.

Solar Description of solar energy:

Solar energy is radiant energy from the sun that travels to Earth.

Renewable or nonrenewable: Renewable

How solar energy is produced:

Solar energy is produced in the sun’s core when atoms of hydrogen combine under pressure to produce helium, in a process called fusion. During fusion, radiant energy is emitted.

Ways we turn solar energy into energy we can use:

We can capture solar energy with solar collectors that turn the radiant energy into thermal energy, or with photovoltaic cells that turn radiant energy into electricity. We also use the visible light of solar energy to see.

Who uses solar energy and for what purposes:

We all use the visible light from the sun to see during the day. Many homes and buildings use solar collectors to heat interior spaces and water, and PV cells to produce electricity. Solar power facilities use PV cells and mirrors to produce electricity.

Effect of using solar energy on the environment:

Solar energy is very clean energy, producing no air or water pollution.

Important facts about solar energy:

Solar energy is not available all of the time and is spread out so that it is difficult to harness. Today, it is expensive to use solar energy to produce electricity, but new technologies will make solar energy a major energy source in the future. Š 2017 The NEED Project

8408 Kao Circle, Manassas, VA 20110

1.800.875.5029

www.NEED.org

ANSWERS

39

Uranium (Nuclear) Description of uranium:

Uranium is a common metallic element found in rocks all over the world.

Renewable or nonrenewable: Nonrenewable

Where uranium is located and how we recover it:

Uranium is located underground in rock formations. Mines are dug to recover it.

Ways we turn uranium into energy we can use:

Uranium is processed and turned into uranium fuel pellets for nuclear power plants. Uranium atoms are split in the process of fission to produce heat.

Who uses uranium (nuclear energy) and for what purposes: Nuclear power plants use uranium to produce electricity.

Effect of using uranium (nuclear energy) on the environment:

Uranium fission produces radioactive waste that is dangerous for thousands of years and must be stored carefully. Leaks of radioactive materials pose a danger.

Important facts about uranium (nuclear energy):

Nuclear power plants produce little pollution except for radioactive waste, which must be stored on-site or in special repositories.

There is no permanent repository in the United States at this time and most spent fuel is stored on-site at nuclear power plants. A permanent repository is mandated by Congress, but a final location has not been chosen.

Wind Description of wind energy:

Wind is the movement of air caused by the uneven heating of Earth’s surface.

Renewable or nonrenewable: Renewable

Where wind energy is located and how we recover it:

Wind is produced when the sun shines on the Earth, heating the land more quickly than the water. The warmer air over land rises and cooler air moves in to take its place, producing wind. Wind can be harnessed by sails, mills, turbines, and by living things.

Ways we turn wind into energy we can use:

We use wind turbines that have blades, which turn in the wind, that turn a turbine to produce electricity.

Who uses wind and for what purposes: Wind farms are built to produce electricity.

Effect of using wind on the environment:

Wind turbines are very clean, producing no air or water pollution.

Important facts about wind: Wind turbines do not produce a lot of electricity, and do not produce it all of the time.

Wind turbines cannot be used in many areas. There must be stable, continuous wind resources.

There are large wind resources on the ocean. The first offshore wind farm in the United States came online in 2016 off the coast of Block Island, Rhode Island.

40

ANSWERS

Intermediate Energy Infobook Activities

Biomass Crossword Answers

Coal Crossword Answers

© 2017 The NEED Project

8408 Kao Circle, Manassas, VA 20110

1.800.875.5029

www.NEED.org

ANSWERS

41

Geothermal Crossword Answers

Hydropower Crossword Answers

42

ANSWERS

Intermediate Energy Infobook Activities

Natural Gas Crossword Answers

Petroleum Crossword Answers P

O

L

L

U

T

I

O N

G T

O C

E

R

A

R

A

O N

I

M P

O R

T

A

T

I

E

O

P

X

L

W E

I

L

N

I

U

14

P

S

E

D

S

F

L

L

S

I

O N R J

A

N

S

E

N

A

E

E

B

O S

T

W R

S

I

L

T

F

U

E

E

I

T

N

D

E

R

O R

E

T 15

D

I L

E

R

L E

R

Y

I

C

K

L L

© 2017 The NEED Project

8408 Kao Circle, Manassas, VA 20110

1.800.875.5029

www.NEED.org

ANSWERS

43

Propane Crossword Answers

Solar Crossword Answers

44

ANSWERS

Intermediate Energy Infobook Activities

Uranium Crossword Answers A

T

O

M S C

A

O

E

R

A C T

N E

E

O

R H

A

I

F U E

O

A D

I

T

I

V

L

A

E

O

T

Y

I

O N

I

F

U

U M

S I

U

O

O

C

N

N

L

R

Y

E

B

L

T

S

R

A N I

S I F

W R

P

E

N

C

E

R

N

S L

E

C

T

R

I

C I

R

H

T

O

E

E

D

R

S

M

A T

R

Y

A L

Wind Crossword Answers E L E C T R I S E S

O L

R

I

C I

T

Y

B L A D E S H N R R E N E W A B L E M E A R O

L

O W S

I G E N E D

M

R A T E X

F

A

A

S

O R W A T

8408 Kao Circle, Manassas, VA 20110

G H T

A F H E A T I 1.800.875.5029

B O X

S H E I

R M

© 2017 The NEED Project

D G E A R I T V E E E R

www.NEED.org

N G

ANSWERS

45

46

ANSWERS

Intermediate Energy Infobook Activities

Renewables and Nonrenewables

28.196 Q = 29.0 % 15.549 Q = 16.0 % 8.337 Q = 8.6 % 4.734 Q = 4.9 % 2.321 Q = 2.4 % 1.777 Q = 1.8 % 0.638 Q = 0.7 % 97.155 Q = 100.00%

Natural Gas*

Coal

Uranium

Biomass

Hydropower

Wind

Geothermal and Solar

Total Quad BTUs

*Does not equal 100% due to rounding

90.2% Nonrenewables

9.8% Renewables

35.603 Q = 36.6 %

Petroleum*

Students should calculate the total number of quads to be 97.155 Q. To find each percentage, have them divide each individual source by the total number of quads, then multiply by 100.

Convert the quads into percentages and make a pie chart showing how much U.S. energy in 2015 came from renewable sources and how much came from nonrenewable sources.

Round to the nearest hundredth. (Q = quad or quadrillion Btu)

e How We Use Our Energy Sources

2 1

3

2

2

3

2

2

3

1

3

3

HEATING/COOLING

2

1

MAKE PRODUCTS

1

4

2

TRANSPORTATION

3

5

LIGHTING

1

1

1

4

3

1

1

1

4

MAKE ELECTRICITY

In the boxes, number the main uses of each energy source from 1 to 5 with 1 as the most important use. Some sources may be used in only one or two ways. Once you have completed your chart, pick one source of energy and describe how and why you ranked the uses for each.

e

e

The Water Cycle Label and describe the water cycle in the space below following the numbers on the diagram.

The Water Cycle 1

3

4 2

2 5

1. The sun shines radiant energy onto the Earth. When it hits objects, some of the radiant energy is converted into heat. (radiant energy) 2. The water vapor rises into the atmosphere. (evaporation) 3. The water vapor forms clouds in the atmosphere. (condensation) 4. The water vapor in the clouds condenses and falls to Earth as precipitation. (precipitation) 5. Gravity pulls water to low places and collects it to start the cycle over again. (gravity)

Š 2017 The NEED Project

8408 Kao Circle, Manassas, VA 20110

1.800.875.5029

www.NEED.org

ANSWERS

47

Electricity Write the word that best describes each definition in the blank space. Use each word only once. Not all words may be used. element

1. A substance in which all atoms are identical.

2. The center of an atom.

nucleus

3. The negatively-charged particle of an atom.

electron

4. The positively-charged particle of an atom.

proton neutron

5. The particle in the nucleus of an atom with no charge.

atom

6. The smallest part of an element that keeps all of the element’s characteristics. charge

7. An electrical force within an atomic particle.

8. The areas around the nucleus where electrons are located.

9. The force field created between the poles of a magnet.

10. A device that does work in an electric circuit.

11. A path through which electricity travels.

energy levels

magnetic field

load

circuit

12. An object in which the molecules are arranged so that north-seeking poles point one direction, while southseeking poles point another.

magnet

13. How like charges or magnetic poles respond.

repel

14. A device with magnets and coils of wire that produces electricity.

15. A device that produces electricity through a chemical reaction.

generator battery

Word Bank atom

attract

battery

charge

circuit

electron

48

ANSWERS

element

energy

levels generator

load

magnet

magnetic

field

neutron

nucleus

proton

repel

turbine

Intermediate Energy Infobook Activities

Electricity Crossword

Famous Names in Electricity Answer Key 1. Faraday

3. Franklin

5. Edison

2. Westinghouse

4. Volta

6. Niagara Falls

Electric Math Answer Key Left Column:

120, 12.7, 35, 1879, 1000, 1882

Right Column: 9.4, 329, 2218, 2.218, 4155.5

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ANSWERS

49

Transporting Electricity Explain what each of the components numbered below does to get electricity from the generator to the consumer.

3 6

1 2

4

5

7

1. Power plant: generates electricity 2. Step-up transformer: increases voltage to reduce transmission loss 3. Transmission line: transports high-voltage electricty over long distances 4. Power tower: carries or holds transmission lines 5. Step-down transformer: lowers voltage for smaller distribution lines 6. Distribution line: carries lower voltage electricty to homes and businesses 7. Neighborhood transformer: lowers voltage to an amount that can be safely used by appliances in homes and businesses (120 & 240 volts)

50

ANSWERS

Intermediate Energy Infobook Activities

Measuring Electricity Directions: Fill in the blanks in the tables below.

TABLE 1 VOLTAGE

=

CURRENT

X

RESISTANCE

1.5 V

=

0.5 A

x

3Ω

12 V

=

3A

x

4Ω

120 V

=

4A

x

30 Ω

240 V

=

20 A

x

12 Ω

POWER

=

VOLTAGE

X

CURRENT

27 W

=

9V

x

3A

180 W

=

120 V

x

1.5 A

45 W

=

15 V

x

3A

240 W

=

120 V

x

2A

TABLE 2

TABLE 3 APPLIANCE

POWER

=

VOLTAGE

X

CURRENT

TV

180 W

=

120 V

x

1.5 A

COMPUTER

40 W

=

120 V

x

0.33 A

PRINTER

120 W

=

120 V

x

1A

HAIR DRYER

1,000 W

=

120 V

x

8.33 A

TABLE 4 POWER

TIME

=

ELECTRICAL ENERGY (kWh)

X

PRICE

=

COST

5 kW

x

100 h

=

500 kWh

x

$ 0.127

=

$ 63.50

25 kW

x

4h

=

100 kWh

x

$ 0.127

=

$ 12.70

1,000 W

x

1h

=

1,000 Wh = 1kWh

x

$ 0.127

=

$ 0.127

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1.800.875.5029

www.NEED.org

ANSWERS

51

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

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

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

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

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

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Please explain any ‘no’ statement below.



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

No

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Intermediate Energy Infobook Activities

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