February 3, 2011

Page 1

Volume 67, No. 16

WWW.PANAMERICANONLINE.COM

February 3, 2011

HITTING CLOSE TO HOME

UTPA professor monitoring crisis in Egypt, keeping tabs on mother in country By Karen Antonacci The Pan American Eyes all over the world are glued to television to follow the ongoing political leadership crisis in Egypt. But Sonia Alianak has more at stake than just interest in the news. She’s worried that the protests bordering on civil war in the Middle Eastern nation will put her mother in danger. “She’s not involved in it,” said Alianak, professor of political science at The University of Texas-Pan American. “She lives in a suburb which is an affluent suburb, but you never know, this is civil war going on, a civil confrontation. She doesn’t go out, she has got a student to bring her food and supplies…I’m worried about her, but she’s very brave, and said not to worry, and says everything is fine with her.” Alianak is an Armenian born in Sudan who got her BA in journalism and political science at The American University in Cairo and emigrated to the United States to get her Ph.D. at the University of Texas at Austin, in 1987. The escalating violence in various Egyptian cities that worries Alianak, is a result of a struggle against the authoritarian government headed by President Hosni Mubarak, who has held sole power for about 30 years. “The protests are about the idea of democracy in the Middle East; especially in Egypt… the demonstrators want democracy. There has been a lot of corruption, the money goes to the very rich, and there are a lot of poor people, with no middle class,” said Alianak, who authored the book, “Middle Eastern Leaders and Islam” in 2007 and has published frequent academic articles about the region.

A 2008 study by the Egyptian government’s Department of Statistics reported that 31.8 percent of the unemployed held a “University & above” level of education. Alianak said the combination of education with lack of jobs has fueled the fires of the protests, which were organized largely by social network media. “The university students go free to the university, and then they graduate and there are no jobs,” said the associate professor. “So they get the opportunities, the incentives, they have expectations for the future…but then you don’t find a job, so they’re frustrated, it’s a basic revolution principle.” Inspired by the dramatic ousting of the Tunisian president last month, Egyptian protesters first came out in force against Mubarak’s rule - and specifically police brutality - last Tuesday. The protesters called this the “Day of Rage” as it was marked with protesters surging through a police line fill of officers garbed in full riot gear. The violence has been escalating since then, Alianak said. On Thursday, protesters organized a “Million Man March,” which served as a turning point in the uprising because Mubarak then announced that he would not seek re-election in September. Alianak said that this announcement was met with skepticism by the antiMubarak protesters, and also sparked a counter movement of pro-Mubarak supporters. “The protesters don’t believe in that, they don’t believe that he’s going to keep his promise because in the past he has promised a lot of things and not delivered,” Alianak said. “His supporters believe it though, and they were very touched when he came on

Dec 17 - SIDE BOUZID, TUNISIA

Police confiscate Mohammed Bouazizi's fruit cart because he does not have a permit. Frustrated, he sets himself on fire. Protests begin

TV and he said he would not seek re-election. There were a lot of people that were very touched by that because he’s been there for 30 years, and a lot of supporters came out as a result of his speech,” The pro-Mubarak supporters organized quickly and planned counter protests, said Alianak. “The state-run TV station said there’s a group of protesters that are pro-Mubarak and the rich had organized protesters to demonstrate in favor of the President,” she said. “My mother lives in an affluent neighborhood and there a lot of people that have gathered in favor of the President, so it’s like a civil war, almost, going on in downtown Cairo, between the supporters of Mubarak and the pro democracy forces.” On Wednesday these two forces met in Tahrir Square in Cairo. Amateur videographers captured the violence and uploaded the videos to YouTube, another instance where communication technology has played a part in recent global struggles for freedom. The two sides threw rocks and debris at one another and at one point, a group of supposedly pro-Mubarak supporters charged through an angry crowd on horseback before they were dragged to the ground and beaten. Alianak said she cannot say for sure which course of action is best for Egypt; the stability that President Mubarak offers or the benefits of democracy. The U.S. government, too, has been somewhat ambivalent about that difficult choice. “I don’t think you can have democracy if you don’t have stability, but also if you

Dec 20-27 - TUNISIA

Protests and rallies continue to spread, along with violent police clashes

Dec 28 - TUNISIA

Lawyers march in several cities to show support for the protests

Dec 28 - Jan 6 - TUNISIA

Protests continue to spread throughout

Jan 6 - TUNISIA

Lawyers launch a strike

have just stability and no democracy, well, I’m not defending that either,” Alainak said. “But I don’t know what the best solution is because we have to think of our allies, we have to think of the peace with Israel. That might be threatened. The Suez Canal, all the oil for Europe goes through there, so we need stability but not at the price of democracy and I think there should be a balance…the two sides are extremists and there should be some kind of middle ground.” While she may not know the solution,

Jan 14 - TUNISIA

President Ben Ali fires the majority of the country’s government. Ben Ali manages to leave Tunisia by plane. He lands in Saudi Arabia

Jan 25 - CAIRO, EGYPT “Day of Rage” Prompted by the unrest in Tunisia, a dismal economy, and widespread poverty, young and impoverished Egyptians take to the street on the national holiday, “Police Day.” It starts peacefully but turns violent when police use tear gas and water hoses

SEE EGYPT || PAGE 3

Jan 27 - EGYPT

Nobel laureate Mohamed El Baradei, head of the Egyptian atomic energy agency, returns to Egypt. He says he wants to lead a transition government to democracy. The Egyptian government cuts Internet service

Jan 28 - EGYPT

Cell phone service is cut. Mubarak says he will appoint a new Cabinet. Cell service was later restored

Jan 29 - EGYPT

Mubarak names Omar Suleiman as his first ever vice president

Feb 1 - EGYPT

The protests are about the idea of democracy in the Middle East; especially in Egypt...the demonstrators want democracy. Sonia Alianak || UTPA professor

“MILLION MAN MARCH” Protesters hold the biggest rally of the movement in Tahrir Square in Cairo. Mubarak announces he will not seek re-election in September

Feb 2 - EGYPT

Anti-Mubarak and Pro-Mubarak protesters clash outside of the Egyptian Museum

Erick Gonzalez/THE PAN AMERICAN

CHECK THE WEB UTPA mobile app launched || New application latest in Bronc technology.

Dance for joy Boogie down || Annual Ballet-Folklorico show at UTPA aims to reach community and raise arts awareness. PAGE 8

The search is on VP of Student Affairs cadidates visit UTPA. PAGE 3


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