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Carlisle, Pa. • Saturday, March 1, 2014 • Day 2 of 3
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F2 • The Sentinel
Saturday, March 1, 2014
Taking fear out of colonoscopy Metro Creative Connection
many are unpleasant, few elicit such strong negative feelings as a colonoscopy. A Among cancers that affect colonoscopy remains one of both men and women, the the best methods of examCenters for Disease Control ining areas of and Prevention identify the rectum, colorectal cancer as the colon and third most common other cancer and the secparts of ond-leading cause of the incancer-related deaths testinal in the United States. tract to Thousands of peodetect ple receive a colorectal abnorcancer diagnosis every malities year, but screening that can help save lives. However, some people fear the screening process even more than the reality of cancer. A ty p i c a l physical invo lve s n u merous tests, and while
Understanding the liver and how to keep it healthy Metro Creative Connection The liver performs an array of functions. In addition to detoxification and protein synthesis, it produces chemicals necessary for digestion. Understanding the role of the liver can help people make smart choices about keeping their livers healthy and avoiding disease.
Understanding the liver The largest glandular organ of the body, the liver weighs about three pounds and is divided into four lobes of unequal size and shape. The liver can be found in the right side of the abdominal cavity. A healthy liver will be a reddish-brown color. One of the main functions of the liver is to eliminate harmful biochemical waste products. Much like the kidneys, the liver acts a filter for the body, helping to detoxify alcohol and certain drugs. It also helps clear the body of environmental toxins that may have been ingested. The liver also produces substances that break down fats. The liver turns glucose to glycogen, which serves as a secondary energy storage in the body. The liver produces urea, the primary compound in urine, and makes certain amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins. The liver also produces bile, which aids in the digestion and intestinal absorption of the fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K. Bilirubin is the main bile pigment that is formed from the breakdown of waste substances in red blood cells.
the cholesterol in the body. The cholesterol that the liver produces is vital to strengthening the membranes of cells in the body. Hepatitis is an inflammatory disease of the liver that is caused by a number of different viruses. Hepatitis comes in many forms and is even named A through G, depending on the virus responsible for the infection. Cirrhosis is scarring that appears on walls of the liver. While alcohol consumption is largely blamed for liver disease, it is only one of the many causes. Cancer can occur in the liver, and liver cancers typically spread through the bloodstream from other areas of the body.
indicate diseases such as cancer. According to the Mayo C l i n i c , a c o l o n o s c o py should become part of routine checkups by age 50 in patients without a family history of colon abnormalities. Doctors may advise earlier screenings for those at higher risk. A colonoscopy can be awkward, but it is a common procedure that is relatively safe. Understanding the process can alleviate some patients’ trepidation. Your doctor will describe in detail what can be expected, as it may vary from practitioner to practitioner. The following is a rundown of what people can expect when receiving a colonoscopy.
der to provide clear images of the interior of the colon, the colon needs to be completely empty. To achieve this, your doctor will prescribe a solution that will empty the bowels thoroughly. This solution is consumed over a certain period of time prior to the procedure and will draw fluid into the colon to expel stool. Patients will need to stay near a bathroom after consuming the solution, and this prep work may be repeated on the morning of the procedure. In addition to the beverage, you will be advised to eat a clear diet for 24 hours before the procedure. This means only clear broths and fluids. Solid food is not allowed. Again, this is to ensure that the laxative does its job and there will be no obstructions in the colon.
Preparation Some have described colonoscopy preparation as the most unpleasant part of the procedure. In or-
Day of procedure The majority of colonoscopy procedures are performed when the patient is under anesthesia. There-
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fore, patients will need to bring a friend or relative along to the medical center to drive or escort them home once the procedure is finished. Gastroenterologists typically perform the colonoscopy in a hospital or outpatient center. The anesthesiologist will meet with the patient to explain his or her role in the procedure. The doctor once again will explain the procedure, which involves the insertion of a flexible camera into the anus, to patients. The scope will travel through the colon slowly, looking for any abnormalities. Patients can expect to lie on their sides on a gurney during the procedure. Patients will be hooked to an intravenous line and various monitors will keep track of their pulse and oxygen levels. Once the anesthesia is administered, patients will quickly drift off, and this is when the doctor will begin. After the procedure
Follow-up
The gastroenterologist may discuss the results of the colonoscopy right after the procedure or schedule a follow-up appointment a few days after. Patients will be provided with ongoing care information and recommendations to improve colon health. A diet that includes more full-grain fiber may be recommended. Although a colonoscopy may not be an enjoyable procedure, it is vital to maintain health and a valuable tool for screening for cancer and other diseases.
We Welcome You To Join Us Worship Services
Sunday: 8:00 am and 10:30 am Wednesday: 7:00 pm Christian Education: Sunday 9:15 am Supervised Nursery • Handicapped Accessible Youth and Family Ministry • Voice and Bell Choirs
Trindle Spring Evangelical Lutheran Church 14 State Road, Mechanicsburg, PA • 766-7091
200 S. Spring Garden St. - Carlisle
249-4888
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Keeping liver healthy Maintaining a healthy liver involves eating a wellbalanced diet and drinking plenty of water, which helps to flush toxins out of the body. Foods that are high in fat or sugar can be harder on the liver, and should be consumed in moderation. People should avoid overconsumption of alcohol and only use drugs as prescribed by a doctor. According to the University of Maryland Medical Center, drinking 10 or more cups of green tea per day was associated with less liver disease in men.
has been performed, many people do not remember it and experience no pain. Because air is pumped into the colon to help the scope move unencumbered, patients can expect to feel some bloating and gas, but this should abate over time. Once the grogginess has worn off, you will be allowed to go home and enjoy a large lunch and fill your empty stomach.
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The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention indicate chronic liver disease and cirrhosis is diagnosed in roughly 100,000 patients who visit hospitals each year. Jaundice is one of the most recognizable warning signs that the liver may not be functioning properly. Jaundice is the yellow coloring of the skin, the sclera in the eyes as well as other mucous membranes. It is caused by hyperbilirubinaemia. If the liver isn’t functioning at full capacity, it cannot maintain the correct amount of bilirubin in the blood. Several behaviors can negatively affect the liver. Drinking too much alcohol can damage liver function over time, and certain drugs — both pharmaceutical and recreational drugs — can compromise the liver. Some drugs that treat cancer and diabetes can be harsh on the liver. Drugs that treat cholesterol also can affect liver function because the liver is also responsible for producing a good amount of
The Sentinel • F3
Saturday, March 1, 2014
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F4 • The Sentinel
Saturday, March 1, 2014
Help take pain out of stomach bug Metro Creative Connection Few things can prove more painful or inconvenient than stomach bugs. Digestive tract illnesses can cause persons to spend many hours of the day running to restrooms while confining others to the house for extended periods of time. Though often temporary, stomach bugs can last several days to more than a week and they may lead to more dire situations if not properly treated.
viruses, rotaviruses, calciviruses, astroviruses, and noroviruses. Bacteria that can cause gastroenteritis include E. coli, salmonella, campylobacter, and shingella.
Physical therapy a vital part of treatment and recovery from illnesses Illnesses of the musculoskeletal system can result in temporary loss of mobility. But physical therapy can help to prevent those temporary problems from becoming permanent. The American Physical Therapy Association says physical therapists diagnose and treat individuals of all ages who have conditions that limit their abilities to perform functional activities. Limitations in mobility may result from injury or illness or be present at birth. Many physical therapists develop a plan to reduce pain and restore function through various treatment techniques with the ultimate goal of restoring a patient’s functional independence. Physical therapists are licensed health care professionals who must receive a degree from an accredited physical therapist program before taking national licensure exams that enable them to open a practice or work in a facility. The Bureau of Labor Statistics predicts a 30 percent growth in physical therapy careers through 2018, which is a rate better than all other occupations. Unemployment rates for physical therapists are very low, and they are in high demand. Physical therapists employ various physical modalities to help with certain conditions. For example, a patient may be asked to perform various range-of-motion exercises to restore function to an injured part of the body. Physical therapists also may use heat, cold and electrical impulses to reduce pain and stimulate muscle function. Physical therapy sessions frequently include some form of massage as well. While athletes frequently rely on physical therapy as they recover from injuries, others can benefit from physical therapy as well. For example, physical therapy may work in conjunction with other treatments for cardiopulmonary disease. The cardiopulmonary system delivers oxygen to active tissues, which plays an important part in movement. When the cardiopulmonary system is compromised, muscles and other tissues may not function as they should, and certain exercises and mobility therapies may be needed. Physical therapists also aid in improving physical ailments related to neurological diseases, such as cerebral palsy, multiple
sclerosis, spinal cord injuries, Parkinson’s disease, and Alzheimer’s disease. Physical therapists also might help treat poor vision, poor balance and paralysis. Children who have learning disabilities related to a neurological or physical condition may benefit from certain forms of physical therapy. For example, vision problems can compromise academic performance, so physical therapy that aims to enhance visual tracking skills and strengthen the eyes in conjunction with corrective lenses may help youngsters, or even adult students, perform better in the classroom. Very often physical therapy will be recommended by a general doctor or an orthopedic surgeon as part of recovery from a surgery or a condition. The therapist may work in conjunction with another doctor to provide a program that helps foster a faster and safe recovery. Physical therapy tends to begin gradually and resistance is slowly built up as the body strengthens. The length of physical therapy will depend on the condition and the recommendation of the therapist and doctors overseeing the treatments.
teritis are the body’s method of ridding itself from whatever has brought on symptoms. Failure to let nature run its course could result in a rebound of symptoms or a longer-lasting sickness. To avoid suffering from stomach bugs, men and women should consider the following tips. • Frequently wash your hands when preparing food and thoroughly cook foods, particularly meats, poultry and eggs, to reduce potential exposure to bacteria. • E. coli may be present on some fresh produce, so wash produce carefully before consumption. • Consider taking a probiotic supplement to increase the amount of good bacteria in your digestive tract. Yogurt also contains live cultures that are good at maintaining digestive health. • Avoid contact with people who claim to have the stomach flu. • Promptly consult a doctor if symptoms do not go away or if you have a high fever or blood in your stool. This may indicate a different illness. Stomach bugs are never enjoyable, but there are ways to manage the symptoms and get back on the road to recovery.
Helpful hints
Symptoms
Stomach bugs often strike suddenly. Sufferers may experience queasiness or nausea and a loss of appetite. Pain or bloating in the stomach also may occur. Vomiting and diarrhea often cause many people to suspect something is wrong, and some stomach condiCauses tions are also accompanied Stomach bugs are known by fever, achiness and lethas gastroenteritis, a condi- argy. tion characterized by an inflamed and irritated stom- Treatment ach and intestines. The Many people opt for a Mayo Clinic says people are wait-and-see approach most likely to contract gas- when struck with stomach troenteritis after eating con- bugs. Gastroenteritis often taminated foods or drinking heals on its own. Some refer contaminated water. Shar- to it as a “24-hour bug” and ing items, like utensils, with find that once the stomach someone who is infected has been purged clean, the is another way to contract offender no longer wreaks gastroenteritis. havoc on the body. Viral gastroenteritis is But stomach bugs can caused by a virus that enters be more persistent as well. the body. However, bacte- Sufferers should visit a docria and parasites also are re- tor if vomiting or diarrhea sponsible for stomach bug lasts more than a few days. outbreaks. Doctors may take a stool Viruses that trigger gas- sample to determine what’s troenteritis include adeno- behind the bug. In the event
Metro Creative Connection
ulcers or Crohn’s disease.
Stomach bugs can be tough to battle. of a bacterial infection, an antibiotic may be needed to clear up the infection. Visiting a doctor when stomach
problems persist is also beneficial because he or she may be able to rule out certain conditions, such as colitis,
When a stomach bug strikes, it is best to refrain from eating, especially when vomiting regularly. Stick to clear broths and liquids, which are easy on the digestive system, while the stomach is irritated. Once vomiting has subsided, sufferers should opt for a bland diet. When plagued by diarrhea, the BRAT diet is advisable. This acronym stands for Bananas, Rice, Applesauce, and Toast. These foods can help bind a person and are relatively easy to digest. Because a stomach bug often leads to dehydration, drink plenty of fluids. To restore salt and electrolyte balances, sports drinks are adviseable for adults, while a beverage like Pedialyte is best for children and the elderly. When symptoms begin to subside, sufferers can gradually add foods back into their diets. But men and women should avoid particularly spicy or heavy foods until they are convinced that they have fully recovered. Many people are tempted to turn to an anti-diarrheal medication at the first sign of a stomach bug. However, the side effects of gastroen-
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Saturday, March 1, 2014
Annual — Health Care
The Sentinel • F5
Dr. Chad Jumper of Boiling Springs Family Medicine works with medical assistant Tracy Fraker last month at his Boiling Springs office.
Jason Malmont / The Sentinel
Doctors pressured to partner up Debate stirs over community doctors falling under corporate control By Daniel Walmer The Sentinel
I’m dealing with,” he said. When long-time Carlisle doctor Webb Hersperger The phrase “family medi‑ decided to retire, he found cine” can conjure up images a benefit in hospital affilia‑ of the local community doc‑ tion. By turning his practice tor, bearded and bespecta‑ over to Penn State Milton S. cled, dispensing wise advice Hershey Medical Center, he to a neighborhood elder or could provide for continu‑ al coverage for his patients schoolchild. But primary care medi‑ after he retired, Hersperger said. cine has taken “I was in the on a sleeker, more efficient “It’s always been process of re‑ tiring, and that look, as physi‑ stressed with seemed to be cians say they the best way face increas‑ us, and have things ing pressure carried down to to taken care of,” to navigate an our patient, that he said. “It was increasingly complex health we allow them to a good transi‑ for me.” care world. pick whichever tion When he One solution hospital system made the de‑ for many fam‑ ily practices they would like to cision to turn is to partner choose. It’s never over control of his practice in with hospi‑ been a practice 1997 shortly tals and health systems, which of mine to tell a before retire‑ supporters say patient that they m e n t , s u c h physiciansaves time and have to go hospital rela‑ money and im‑ tionships were proves patient to a certain not as com‑ care. Indepen‑ (hospital).” mon as they dently owned are now. Still, practices, how‑ ever, worry that Dr. Chad Jumper he thought it was the best corporate con‑ way to go. trol could be at “I felt that odds with the old‑fashioned, patient‑first was the way that medi‑ cine should be practiced,” mentality. he said. “I felt that the close A growing trend relationship that the physi‑ In a January 2013 survey cians had (with hospitals) by the Pennsylvania Acade‑ was the preferred way.” my of Family Physicians, 74 of 132 respondents said they Accountable Care were owned by a hospital or Organizations health system. Accountable Care Organi‑ “I think it’s trending that zations, which are designed way — that number’s only to attempt to limit health going to get higher,” said care costs without reducing Bryan Peach, the academy’s quality, form another, more manager of media and pub‑ recent, incentive for doctors lic relations. to form partnerships with Dr. James Bleicher, chief health systems. The Afford‑ executive of PinnacleHealth able Care Act encouraged Medical Group, has also no‑ the creation of such organi‑ ticed the trend. zations. “There have been spikes “The industry and the before, (but) this one seems federal government are try‑ to be more sustained and ing to move forward toward gradual,” he said. reducing costs and taking PinnacleHealth owns sev‑ care of everyone,” Bleicher eral family practices in east‑ said. ern Cumberland County, Doctors at independently Bleicher said, and he sees a owned West Shore Family number of advantages. Practice wrote in an email “We’re able to integrate they feel pressure to ally the family specialists with with hospitals to become the hospitals,” he said. part of an ACO, which is As a result of that integra‑ difficult to form with small tion, they are able to avoid groups of physicians. duplication of testing and While ACOs are designed increase communication to benefit whole popula‑ among parts of the health tions of patients, Bleich‑ care system, he said. er said individual patients Dr. Chad Jumper of Boil‑ should not fear they will get ing Springs Family Medicine lost in the shuffle. agrees that integrated part‑ “When the individual is in nerships improve commu‑ front of you, you still have nication and coordination to take care of that person,” with specialists. His practice he said. is partnered with Carlisle West Shore Family Prac‑ Regional Medical Center. tice has “most definitely” “I think it can only help noticed a trend toward more patient care that I’m com‑ doctor-hospital affiliations, fortable with the specialists Drs. Richard Harker and
Creston Herold wrote. Affiliations do provide ad‑ vantages, especially regard‑ ing money and time, they wrote. The alignments can provide better bargaining power with insurance com‑ panies, for example, and can help alleviate an everincreasing administrative burden. But while both doctors are members of clinical staff at Holy Spirit Health System and PinnacleHealth, the practice is independently owned. In fact, they bought back the practice in 2001 after it was sold to a larger organization in 1993. John Guistwite, a fam‑ ily doctor in Carlisle, also still owns his own practice. Guistwite doesn’t feel pres‑ sure to become affiliated, and isn’t really aware of the trends, he said. “I’m busy doing what I do,” he said. He said he does not need to become affiliated for fi‑ nancial reasons, and “I don’t have any reason to tell me that my patients would be cared for better,” he said.
Loss of patient care? Guistwite said he fore‑ sees possible disadvantages to affiliation, like corporate control of his practice and his patients losing the flex‑ ibility to choose between hospitals. “They’ve always known independence, and they be‑ lieve that I send them to the right (specialists and hospi‑ tals) that are in their best in‑ terest,” he said. Harker and Harold also expressed concern about the potential for allegiance to a health system to take prece‑ dence over patient prefer‑ ence when doctors’ offices are affiliated with a health system. “Some patients express the opinion that they are glad we are independent, because it means they have free choice of specialists, labs and im‑ aging centers, and inpatient care,” they wrote. Jumper, however, said pa‑ tients should not feel con‑ cerned about losing the abil‑
Photos by Michael Bupp/The Sentinel
Dr. Creston Herold, top, and Dr. Richard Harker, bottom, work at West Shore Family Practice in Mechanicsburg. ity to choose their hospital. “It’s always been stressed with us, and carried down to our patient, that we al‑ low them to pick whichever hospital system they would like to choose,” Jumper said. “It’s never been a practice of mine to tell a patient that they have to go to a certain (hospital).” Patients at a Pinnacle‑ Health‑owned practices also should not worry that affiliated doctors will send them to other parts of the PinnacleHealth System if it is not the best place for the
Art Amundsen, AAMS Financial Advisor
health care they need, Ble‑ icher said. “I think you have to, as a health system, recognize what you can do at an excel‑ lent level and what should go somewhere else,” he said. Hersperger said that hos‑ pitals are less specialized in their areas of expertise than they used to be, so he
now feels comfortable about doctors sending patients to the hospital with which they are affiliated. “The degree of excellence has become so much more widespread,” he said. Email Daniel Walmer at dwalmer@cumberlink.com or follow him on Twitter @ SentinelWalmer
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Saturday, March 1, 2014
Urgent care centers take root For some, services can be an alternative to emergency room visit By Daniel Walmer The Sentinel You are walking down the stairs when it happens: You miss a step and twist your ankle — hard. Three days later, you’re still suffering severe pain. You want a doctor to examine the ankle for broken bones, but you don’t want to undertake a potentially expensive and time-consuming trip to the emergency room. On the other hand, you might not be able to wait until your family doctor has an opening. That’s where urgent care center representatives say they enter the picture.
Consumer demand Urgent care centers — no-appointment walk-in facilities that treat nonlife-threatening but pressing ailments — are on the rise throughout the United States, according to the American Academy of Urgent Care Medicine. More than 20,000 physicians practice at 9,300 urgent care centers throughout the United States, and at least 700 new urgent care clinics open in the United States each year, according to the academy. “Consumers are demanding it,” said Megan Wilson, marketing coordinator for AllBetterCare Urgent Care, which opened its first location in Silver Spring Township in 2010. “We live in a society where everything is (expected to be) right now, and health care is no exception to that rule. Urgent care, I think, is here to stay.” The Midstate is no exception to the trend. Two urgent care centers opened in 2013 in Cumberland County alone: AllBetterCare Urgent Care’s South Middletown Township practice and Holy Spirit Health System’s Urgent Care Center next to its East Pennsboro Township
hospital. “I think more and more people are becoming aware of urgent care facilities just because people are busier, they have busier lives, and they’re looking for something more convenient,” said Lori Moran, Holy Spirit marketing and public relations coordinator.
In-between care
Urgent care centers operate in what Wilson sees as a previously unfilled middleground between primary care and emergency rooms. Photos by Jason Malmont/The Sentinel “There was basically a gap in care, and urgent care is Patient Taylor Krupitzer of Oil City chats with Dr. John Surry of Patient Health Urgent Care in Mechanfilling that gap right now,” icsburg on a Monday afternoon in February. she said. While urgent care centers do not have all the medical equipment of an emergency room, Holy Spirit’s center can conduct on-site X-rays and fill mini-prescriptions, Moran said. They also can administer vaccines and conduct sports and school physicals, she said. For insurance co-pays, they are more expensive than a family doctor but less expensive than the emergency room. And while patients might have to wait their turn for attention, urgent care centers tend to provide shorter visits than emergency rooms, representatives said. At AllBetterCare Urgent Care, the average wait time is 55 minutes, although normal waits can range from 10 to 90 minutes depending on time of day and demand, Wilson said. “That’s part of our business model — we really want to get people seen quickly,” Wilson said. Ashley Scott of Enola made a trip to Spirit Urgent Care, Camp Hill, last month and was seen by Dr. Ayaz Virji, medical director of the facility. Part of the system Urgent care centers say they are not attempting to take patients away from primary care physicians. “Doctors shouldn’t feel threatened that we’re going
to take their patients from them,” Moran said. “We don’t want to provide constant care.” In fact, they said, they work collaboratively with other players in the health care system. “We are all part of the overall health care landscape,” said Dara Rees of Patient First Health Care, a 49-center regional company with a Hampden Township location. “For example, if a patient is seen at Patient First and wishes us to do so, we will share the patient’s visit record with his or her
regular physician to help ensure continuity of care. Also, we refer patients out to specialists and hospitals, when appropriate.” Dr. Creston Harold, a partner with independently owned West Shore Family Practice in Carlisle, said his practice provides same-day appointments and evening, weekend and walk-in hours to try to see patients quickly. Still, “urgent care centers can be effective collaborative partners under certain circumstances,” he said. Nearby urgent care cen-
ters demonstrate differing attitudes toward cooperation, Harold said. “Some are very good about providing just acute, onetime care, and they communicate with the family practitioner well,” he said. “Others seem to be seeking to become the patient’s primary care provider.”
ER or urgent care?
Doctors are emergencyroom trained at AllBetterCare Urgent Care, Wilson said. If a patient at Holy Spirit Urgent Care requires a greater level of care, they can be taken to the nearby Holy See Urgent, F8
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The Sentinel • F7
Saturday, March 1, 2014
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Annual — Health Care
F8 • The Sentinel
Saturday, March 1, 2014
Photos by Michael Bupp / The Sentinel
Dr. Gregory Smolin, left, examines an X-ray at All Better Urgent Care in Carlisle, above.
23 years
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Physician assistant Matthew Dows helps prepare a dose of medicine for a client at Patient First Urgent Care, Mechanicsburg.
150 YEARS AFTER GETTYSBURG, THE WORDS THAT
FLOWED FROM ITS TIP ARE STILL RECITED.
BUT THE PEN DIDN’T REDEFINE EQUALITY.
THE PRESIDENT WIELDING IT DID.
Photos by Jason Malmont / The Sentinel
Spirit Urgent Care is located at 431 N. 21st St., Camp Hill.
AN INSTRUMENT CAN CHANGE LIVES.
THAT’S WHY AT HOLY SPIRIT HEALTH SYSTEM,
DOCTORS SEE MORE THAN DATA.
COMPASSION IS HIGH-TECH.
AND HOPE BECOMES HEALTH.
Michael Bupp / The Sentinel
Dr. Marlys Pike, left, and clinical assistant Samantha Singer develop a patient treatment plan at All Better Urgent Care in Carlisle.
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Spirit Hospital’s emergency room, Moran said. Still, certain situations require a trip to the emergency room, not an urgent care center, representatives said. Moran urged patients to go directly to the emergency room if they are experiencing potentially life-threatening symptoms, such as shortness of breath, extreme high blood pressure, uncontrolled bleeding, loss of consciousness, or signs of heart attack and stroke. Other than life-threatening emergencies, urgent care is available for “everything from a cold to a broken bone,” Wilson said. Other situations treated by urgent care centers include allergic reactions, the need for stitches, ear or sinus pain, eye swelling or irritation, fever, flu, painful urination, mild to moderate asthma attack, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, rash, sore throat,
sprains and strains, and tetanus and flu vaccinations, Rees said. Even with the growth in urgent care, Wilson said they still field questions about what the center can provide. “Urgent care is still a new concept,” she said. Email Daniel Walmer at dwalmer@cumberlink.com or follow him on Twitter @ SentinelWalmer
CRA
Continued from F6
CE 19
9
Visit: www.mbgourds.com Retail store hours: Mon-Sat 10am ‘til 4pm • Tours every Tuesday at 2pm
Annual — Health Care
Saturday, March 1, 2014
The Sentinel • F9
What to expect at an annual physical Metro Creative Connection Routine health screenings are an integral part of maintaining personal health. Although some individuals make frequent visits to their physicians, many others limit their doctor visits to their annual physicals. Those who have never had a physical examination may be unsure of what to expect of such a procedure. That uncertainty can induce anxiety. However, a physical examination is a simple procedure for many people. Depending on a patient’s age, doctors might consider a more extensive examination, but the following procedures are what constitute a physical for younger patients without preexisting medical conditions.
Vital signs During a physical, doctors will check patients’ vital signs. Patients can expect to have their blood pressure taken and pulse rates measured. Respiration rates might be taken to determine if there is a lung or heart problem. Doctors
also will examine a patient’s ears, nose and sinuses. The neck and possibly under the arms also will be examined to check the feeling of the lymph nodes and the carotid arteries. Some doctors hook patients up to a machine that measures heart rhythm through sensors on various areas of the body.
Medical history Doctors also discuss patients’ medical histories, updating their charts with any new information when necessary. Inquiries about particular health issues that run in the family will be discussed, as well as any illnesses or hospitalizations patients might have had in the past. Doctors will ask patients if they are taking any medications or supplements, and also will ask if patients have been dealing with any nagging medical issues.
Physical examination During the physical examination, doctors will look at and feel patients’ abdomens to detect the size of their livers and to determine if there is any abdominal fluid present. The stethoscope might
be placed on the abdomen to listen for bowl sounds. The physician also might examine other areas of the body, including the back and spine, to ensure there are no abnormalities. A weight and height check will be given to measure for body mass index, or the percentage of body fat patients have, which will then be measured against the norm for Doctors will look for several things at patients of similar age, an annual physical. weight and height. Men can expect a visual examiFemales who do not see a separate gynecologist also nation of the penis and testicles. might receive a pelvic examina- The physician will check the extion and breast exam during their ternal structure to look for abnorphysical examinations. Doctors malities such as tumors or hernia. will check that the uterus and re- To check for hernia, the physician productive organs are in good might examine visually or feel the health, and feel for lumps or oth- scrotum and ask patients to cough er issues within the breast tissue. as part of the exam. A sample might be taken from the cervix so a Pap smear can be Dermatological exam Some doctors will examine the conducted to determine if cervical cancer is present. An external skin for the appearance of unusual exam will look for sores or other moles or growths that could be indicative of skin cancer or refer paindications of disease.
tients to a dermatologist for such an examination.
Additional tests
Nerves and neurological responses, including strength and balance tests, might be tested during a physical. Doctors might look for sensory changes in the extremities of the body. Doctors might order urine and blood analyses to verify that the levels are within range. A blood test usually will include a cholesterol test, and might include an examination of bloodsugar levels to rule out diabetes. Men and women older than age 40 might be referred to specialists who can conduct a mammography, colonoscopy or prostate examinations. These tests will rule out the presence of cancer or other diseases. Doctors also might suggest patients have their vision and hearing checked. Annual physicals can reassure men and women that they are in good health. Such examinations also can serve as early detection systems that can catch potential health problems before they become more serious.
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F10 • The Sentinel
Saturday, March 1, 2014
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