Kids World Copy Editor Sarah Smith • frontdoor@cumberlink.com
cumberlink.com/kidsworld
C6 • The Sentinel
Kids Speak Out
Tell Me A Story
The jersey devil’s Halloween
My favorite Halloween costume is... like it because I think all of the other costumes are scary. I am going to be a vampire this year because you get to wear fake fangs and fake blood. You can wear a cape, too. I like witches, too, but that is another story. Maybe my sister will be a vampire after I grow out of the costume. I will have to have my mom do my fangs and makeup. That is my favorite costume.” Amber Sheffer, 10 Fourth grade Carroll Elementary
“My favorite Halloween costume is a gangster because it has a tie. I love ties.” Russell Pace, 9 (WINNER) Fourth grade Fishing Creek Elementary “My favorite Halloween costume is ... once when I was the flying monkey from the Wizard of Oz. Everybody laughed at me. I like it because it was very creative, but also my sister was Dorthy. My dad was the wizard. And my mom was Glenda, the good witch. I always scared people. A lot of people said it was a cool idea. I even had a mask.” Zane Sullivan, 9 (WINNER) Fourth grade Crestview Elementary “My favorite Halloween costume is a donut because I love every kind of donut. If I could eat donuts for breakfast, lunch and dinner, I would do it. That’s why I’m being a donut for Halloween.” Austin Orris, 10 (WINNER) Fourth grade Crestview Elementary
“My favorite Halloween costume is a peacock. Why, because peacocks have flaring tails that are so colorful and have unique designs that other birds don’t have. They also have some of my favorite colors on them like blue and green. On the costume, it has a dress with little gold stitchings in it. It has all the colors that I like: yellow, blue, purple and green. The dress has a stick-on tail like the real peacocks and about as beautiful. Also, the dress is very different from most costumes. That is why a peacock would be my favorite Halloween costume.” Madison Murray, 9 Fourth grade Carrol Elementary “My favorite Halloween costume is a princess costume, I think. Because to me, I am a princess and also ‘cause I am me.” Shelby Hippensteel, 7 Second grade Bellaire Elementary “My favorite Halloween costume is the dead clown. It’s really creepy. I scare lots of people.” Ryan Gorden, 9 Fourth grade Fishing Creek Elementary
“My favorite Halloween costume is a nurse. I love being a nurse because I love helping people. I would be a doctor but it’s only in men’s sizes. This year, I might change the nurse to a zombie nurse because it will look interesting and “My favorite Halloween costume is a pirate. I have a lot I wanted to do something a little creepy. I will get it, but of movies with pirates that I like to watch when I go campnot yet. I am excited. I can’t wait!” ing with my dad. Some are really scary and some are not! Alexis Harrington, 9 My little brother gets scared sometimes and hides from Fourth grade the pirates!” Carroll Elementary Collin Anderson Second grade “My favorite Halloween costume is a glow in the dark Newville Elementary stick figure. It is really cool. You move, it moves. I am going to be one this Halloween. Cool.” “Well, I don’t have a favorite Halloween costume. But Olivia McElhenie, 10 some of my favorite’s are dressing up like Lady Gaga, a Fourth grade sassy kitty, Nikki Minaj, and finally Alice from Alice in Fishing Creek Elementary Wonderland. What is your favorite costume?” Lexi Rhine, 9 “My favorite Halloween costume is a cheetah costume! I Fourth grade was pink and I had ears like a cheetah, too. It was so cool. I Mooreland Elementary got a lot of candy.” Emma Wenger, 10 “My favorite Halloween costume is a soccer ball Fourth grade because I like to play soccer with my brother and Fishing Creek Elementary because I can roll down a really big hill and because if someone kicks me, I will roll and then “My favorite Halloween costume is a vampire girl. I like they can play soccer when I’m the soccer ball.” them because I like to have fangs. It would be so fun.” Carlos Ramirez, 9 Kayleigh Beck, 9 Fourth grade Fourth grade Fishing Creek Elementary Fishing Creek Elementary “My favorite Halloween costume is a teacher. Why? Because my whole life I wanted to be a teacher. That’s just what my favorite Halloween costume is.” Chloe Duda, 9 Fourth grade Fishing Creek Elementary
“My favorite Halloween costume is my ninja costume because I like the blue/green color. It is loose and has wide sleeves. Also, I like the dragon on it. The hair piece is cool, but hard to get on. And I like to be a ninja. My brother has one, too.” Amanda Kauffman, 9 Fourth grade Fishing Creek Elementary
“My favorite Halloween costume is a vampire costume. I
“My favorite Halloween costume is a zombie. That is my favorite costume because there are many types of zombies. Fast zombies, slow zombies, even half zombies. That is why a zombie is my favorite costume.” Adrian, 9 Fourth grade Crestview Elementary
How you can get involved with Kids Speak Out Want To See Your Name Here? Hey, kids! How would you like to get your story published in Kids Speak Out? Just write a short story on one of our prompts and send it to The Sentinel. You can also draw a picture to go with your story. Each week, The Sentinel will publish some of the stories we receive in KidsWorld and on www.cumberlink. com. Only the top three essay writers, published on this page, will receive KidsWorld T-shirts. To claim T-shirts, visit The Sentinel during normal business hours. You must be 5 to 13 years old to enter. Stories must be 150 words or less. Be sure to include your full name, age, address, school and grade. Mail your entry to “Kids Speak Out,” The Sentinel, 457 E. North St., Carlisle, PA 17013, drop it off at either Sentinel office or mail it to frontdoor@cumberlink.com with the subject “KidsWorld.”
Tuesday, October 30, 2012
Upcoming Topics Due Nov. 2 I sat down for dinner when... Due Nov. 9 If I could see through walls, I... Due Nov. 16 I’m most thankful for... Due Nov. 23 If I was a turkey, I... Due Nov. 30 If there was a crocodile in my bathtub, I...
An American legend
BY Amy Friedman Illustrated by Jillian Gilliland
Alexis and Jack were cousins, and Alex and Rafa were brothers, and their families lived on the same street in a village in New Jersey, not far from the Pine Barrens, a place the Lenni Lenape Indians called Popuessing. “It means ‘place of the dragon,’” Alex told the others. Alex called himself “the historian” because he loved to tell stories, especially those about the Jersey Devil. “Long ago there was a woman who had 12 children,” Alex said, “and the night she gave birth to her 13th, a storm hit.” Alexis shivered, and Jack stifled a laugh. Rafa rolled his eyes. He’d heard this story a thousand times. It was the one about the day the baby was born and turned at once into a creature with hooves and a horse’s head, big bat wings and a forked tail. He shrieked and screamed and flew up the chimney and out of the house. All night long he circled the village. Then at dawn he headed into the pines and disappeared for 100 years. “The Jersey Devil came back in the 1800s,” Alex said. He told of the many sightings by war heroes and schoolchildren, ministers and doctors. Thousands of people had seen the strange creature flying across the sky and letting out piercing screams. Thousands more told of the hoof prints they found in the snow and hoof prints climbing roof to roof. There were many different descriptions when the monster returned 100 years later, in 1909 -- policemen saw the Devil flying south out of the pines. Rich people saw him, and poor people did too. People told stories of the monster that ate their chickens and their dogs. People drew sketches of the monster that matched sketches others had drawn. There were theories, of course -- that the Jersey Devil was a scrowfoot duck, a sandhill crane, a survivor of the Jurassic period that endured the centuries living in a secret cavern. One expert said the Jersey Devil was a pterodactyl that lasted by living underground. And many said the Devil’s mother was a witch, and the Devil was the consequence of a curse placed on her. Now another hundred years had passed, and it was Halloween. Alex dressed up as the Jersey Devil. “Come on, Rafa,” Alex said to his little brother, who was dressed like Spiderman. “Let’s go get Alexis and Jack.” Alexis and Jack were waiting outside, Alexis dressed as a fairy princess, Jack as a jack-o’-lantern, and all four, with their bags at the ready, began to march through the streets. “Trick-or-treat,” they called, and at every house, when people saw the Jersey Devil, they laughed, and they told the kids another story. “My aunt saw him flying from her roof,” Mrs. Woodruff told them. “He ate my great-grandfather’s dog,” said Mr. Hulme. “I’ve heard he eats little children,” Sister Doreen laughed, and then she plopped big, bright apples into the children’s bags. On they walked, happy as could be. All four children loved Halloween. They loved their costumes. Alexis twirled happily in her beautiful skirt, and Rafa struck poses in his Spiderman suit. Jack grinned at the jack-o’-lanterns grinning back at them from neighborhood porches. They all loved the smell of smoke rising out of the chimneys and the red and orange and yellow leaves. They loved the sound of other children shouting “trick-or-treat,” and they loved, best of all, the taste of all those wonderful treats. They were just reaching the end of their street when suddenly they heard a sound that stopped them in their tracks. It was a shriek, a scream, a sound like nothing they had ever heard, followed by a whirr of wings overhead. “What’s that?” Alexis cried, mid-twirl. Rafa looked up. “I’m scared,” he said. “Me too,” Jack echoed him. But Alex, the brave one, said, “Come on, let’s go see who’s there,” and he led them around the corner. They followed because they trusted him, and they admired him for his courage. And there he was -- the Jersey Devil, right in front of their eyes, standing on the sidewalk before them. He looked just like they had imagined -- just slightly taller than 10-year-old Alex, with batlike wings, small arms with clawed hands, horse’s hooves and a forked tale, the head of a dog and face of a horse. But there was one thing they hadn’t imagined. All the stories they’d heard were of a monstrous Devil who devoured cattle and crops and dogs, who left destruction in his wake. But the look on the face of this Devil was -- well, he looked hungry, Rafa thought, and he looked sad. Alex thought so, too, and asked the Devil, “Are you sad?” The creature stared hardest at Alex. After all, they looked a little bit alike. And then he nodded his head. “I am,” the Jersey Devil said, and his voice sounded not like a shriek or a scream but like a sad, lonely boy. Rafa was a little afraid, but he wanted to be brave, so he stepped forward and asked, “Do you want some candy?” The creature looked down at the little boy. He nodded, and with his claw he reached into the bag. He snatched out a chocolate bar. As he did this, Alex noticed something startling. The creature’s eyes were misty. “You’re crying!” Alex said, and it was true, a tear was falling from the creature’s eye. “Come on! It’s Halloween. You can’t be sad!” Alex said. “Besides, no one will hurt you tonight. We’ll just pretend you’re our new friend, and you’re wearing a costume!” So that’s exactly what they did. The four children and the Jersey Devil walked to a quiet spot in the woods, and there they sat together and shared their treats, making sure the Jersey Devil got a share, too. “Why do you come back every 100 years?” Alex asked the Jersey Devil. “I’m always here,” the Jersey Devil said, smiling. “It’s just that people only talk about me when they want to tell a scary story.” “I’ll tell people you just want a friend,” Jack said. The Jersey Devil shrugged. “No one will believe you. People like to be scared.” But ever since that day, all four children have told the story of the friendly Jersey Devil, the creature who never meant to scare anyone, and who can’t help the way he looks or the sound of his shriek.
Kids World Copy Editor Sarah Smith • frontdoor@cumberlink.com
cumberlink.com/kidsworld
C6 • The Sentinel
Kids Speak Out
Tell Me A Story
The jersey devil’s Halloween
My favorite Halloween costume is... like it because I think all of the other costumes are scary. I am going to be a vampire this year because you get to wear fake fangs and fake blood. You can wear a cape, too. I like witches, too, but that is another story. Maybe my sister will be a vampire after I grow out of the costume. I will have to have my mom do my fangs and makeup. That is my favorite costume.” Amber Sheffer, 10 Fourth grade Carroll Elementary
“My favorite Halloween costume is a gangster because it has a tie. I love ties.” Russell Pace, 9 (WINNER) Fourth grade Fishing Creek Elementary “My favorite Halloween costume is ... once when I was the flying monkey from the Wizard of Oz. Everybody laughed at me. I like it because it was very creative, but also my sister was Dorthy. My dad was the wizard. And my mom was Glenda, the good witch. I always scared people. A lot of people said it was a cool idea. I even had a mask.” Zane Sullivan, 9 (WINNER) Fourth grade Crestview Elementary “My favorite Halloween costume is a donut because I love every kind of donut. If I could eat donuts for breakfast, lunch and dinner, I would do it. That’s why I’m being a donut for Halloween.” Austin Orris, 10 (WINNER) Fourth grade Crestview Elementary
“My favorite Halloween costume is a peacock. Why, because peacocks have flaring tails that are so colorful and have unique designs that other birds don’t have. They also have some of my favorite colors on them like blue and green. On the costume, it has a dress with little gold stitchings in it. It has all the colors that I like: yellow, blue, purple and green. The dress has a stick-on tail like the real peacocks and about as beautiful. Also, the dress is very different from most costumes. That is why a peacock would be my favorite Halloween costume.” Madison Murray, 9 Fourth grade Carrol Elementary “My favorite Halloween costume is a princess costume, I think. Because to me, I am a princess and also ‘cause I am me.” Shelby Hippensteel, 7 Second grade Bellaire Elementary “My favorite Halloween costume is the dead clown. It’s really creepy. I scare lots of people.” Ryan Gorden, 9 Fourth grade Fishing Creek Elementary
“My favorite Halloween costume is a nurse. I love being a nurse because I love helping people. I would be a doctor but it’s only in men’s sizes. This year, I might change the nurse to a zombie nurse because it will look interesting and “My favorite Halloween costume is a pirate. I have a lot I wanted to do something a little creepy. I will get it, but of movies with pirates that I like to watch when I go campnot yet. I am excited. I can’t wait!” ing with my dad. Some are really scary and some are not! Alexis Harrington, 9 My little brother gets scared sometimes and hides from Fourth grade the pirates!” Carroll Elementary Collin Anderson Second grade “My favorite Halloween costume is a glow in the dark Newville Elementary stick figure. It is really cool. You move, it moves. I am going to be one this Halloween. Cool.” “Well, I don’t have a favorite Halloween costume. But Olivia McElhenie, 10 some of my favorite’s are dressing up like Lady Gaga, a Fourth grade sassy kitty, Nikki Minaj, and finally Alice from Alice in Fishing Creek Elementary Wonderland. What is your favorite costume?” Lexi Rhine, 9 “My favorite Halloween costume is a cheetah costume! I Fourth grade was pink and I had ears like a cheetah, too. It was so cool. I Mooreland Elementary got a lot of candy.” Emma Wenger, 10 “My favorite Halloween costume is a soccer ball Fourth grade because I like to play soccer with my brother and Fishing Creek Elementary because I can roll down a really big hill and because if someone kicks me, I will roll and then “My favorite Halloween costume is a vampire girl. I like they can play soccer when I’m the soccer ball.” them because I like to have fangs. It would be so fun.” Carlos Ramirez, 9 Kayleigh Beck, 9 Fourth grade Fourth grade Fishing Creek Elementary Fishing Creek Elementary “My favorite Halloween costume is a teacher. Why? Because my whole life I wanted to be a teacher. That’s just what my favorite Halloween costume is.” Chloe Duda, 9 Fourth grade Fishing Creek Elementary
“My favorite Halloween costume is my ninja costume because I like the blue/green color. It is loose and has wide sleeves. Also, I like the dragon on it. The hair piece is cool, but hard to get on. And I like to be a ninja. My brother has one, too.” Amanda Kauffman, 9 Fourth grade Fishing Creek Elementary
“My favorite Halloween costume is a vampire costume. I
“My favorite Halloween costume is a zombie. That is my favorite costume because there are many types of zombies. Fast zombies, slow zombies, even half zombies. That is why a zombie is my favorite costume.” Adrian, 9 Fourth grade Crestview Elementary
How you can get involved with Kids Speak Out Want To See Your Name Here? Hey, kids! How would you like to get your story published in Kids Speak Out? Just write a short story on one of our prompts and send it to The Sentinel. You can also draw a picture to go with your story. Each week, The Sentinel will publish some of the stories we receive in KidsWorld and on www.cumberlink. com. Only the top three essay writers, published on this page, will receive KidsWorld T-shirts. To claim T-shirts, visit The Sentinel during normal business hours. You must be 5 to 13 years old to enter. Stories must be 150 words or less. Be sure to include your full name, age, address, school and grade. Mail your entry to “Kids Speak Out,” The Sentinel, 457 E. North St., Carlisle, PA 17013, drop it off at either Sentinel office or mail it to frontdoor@cumberlink.com with the subject “KidsWorld.”
Tuesday, October 30, 2012
Upcoming Topics Due Nov. 2 I sat down for dinner when... Due Nov. 9 If I could see through walls, I... Due Nov. 16 I’m most thankful for... Due Nov. 23 If I was a turkey, I... Due Nov. 30 If there was a crocodile in my bathtub, I...
An American legend
BY Amy Friedman Illustrated by Jillian Gilliland
Alexis and Jack were cousins, and Alex and Rafa were brothers, and their families lived on the same street in a village in New Jersey, not far from the Pine Barrens, a place the Lenni Lenape Indians called Popuessing. “It means ‘place of the dragon,’” Alex told the others. Alex called himself “the historian” because he loved to tell stories, especially those about the Jersey Devil. “Long ago there was a woman who had 12 children,” Alex said, “and the night she gave birth to her 13th, a storm hit.” Alexis shivered, and Jack stifled a laugh. Rafa rolled his eyes. He’d heard this story a thousand times. It was the one about the day the baby was born and turned at once into a creature with hooves and a horse’s head, big bat wings and a forked tail. He shrieked and screamed and flew up the chimney and out of the house. All night long he circled the village. Then at dawn he headed into the pines and disappeared for 100 years. “The Jersey Devil came back in the 1800s,” Alex said. He told of the many sightings by war heroes and schoolchildren, ministers and doctors. Thousands of people had seen the strange creature flying across the sky and letting out piercing screams. Thousands more told of the hoof prints they found in the snow and hoof prints climbing roof to roof. There were many different descriptions when the monster returned 100 years later, in 1909 -- policemen saw the Devil flying south out of the pines. Rich people saw him, and poor people did too. People told stories of the monster that ate their chickens and their dogs. People drew sketches of the monster that matched sketches others had drawn. There were theories, of course -- that the Jersey Devil was a scrowfoot duck, a sandhill crane, a survivor of the Jurassic period that endured the centuries living in a secret cavern. One expert said the Jersey Devil was a pterodactyl that lasted by living underground. And many said the Devil’s mother was a witch, and the Devil was the consequence of a curse placed on her. Now another hundred years had passed, and it was Halloween. Alex dressed up as the Jersey Devil. “Come on, Rafa,” Alex said to his little brother, who was dressed like Spiderman. “Let’s go get Alexis and Jack.” Alexis and Jack were waiting outside, Alexis dressed as a fairy princess, Jack as a jack-o’-lantern, and all four, with their bags at the ready, began to march through the streets. “Trick-or-treat,” they called, and at every house, when people saw the Jersey Devil, they laughed, and they told the kids another story. “My aunt saw him flying from her roof,” Mrs. Woodruff told them. “He ate my great-grandfather’s dog,” said Mr. Hulme. “I’ve heard he eats little children,” Sister Doreen laughed, and then she plopped big, bright apples into the children’s bags. On they walked, happy as could be. All four children loved Halloween. They loved their costumes. Alexis twirled happily in her beautiful skirt, and Rafa struck poses in his Spiderman suit. Jack grinned at the jack-o’-lanterns grinning back at them from neighborhood porches. They all loved the smell of smoke rising out of the chimneys and the red and orange and yellow leaves. They loved the sound of other children shouting “trick-or-treat,” and they loved, best of all, the taste of all those wonderful treats. They were just reaching the end of their street when suddenly they heard a sound that stopped them in their tracks. It was a shriek, a scream, a sound like nothing they had ever heard, followed by a whirr of wings overhead. “What’s that?” Alexis cried, mid-twirl. Rafa looked up. “I’m scared,” he said. “Me too,” Jack echoed him. But Alex, the brave one, said, “Come on, let’s go see who’s there,” and he led them around the corner. They followed because they trusted him, and they admired him for his courage. And there he was -- the Jersey Devil, right in front of their eyes, standing on the sidewalk before them. He looked just like they had imagined -- just slightly taller than 10-year-old Alex, with batlike wings, small arms with clawed hands, horse’s hooves and a forked tale, the head of a dog and face of a horse. But there was one thing they hadn’t imagined. All the stories they’d heard were of a monstrous Devil who devoured cattle and crops and dogs, who left destruction in his wake. But the look on the face of this Devil was -- well, he looked hungry, Rafa thought, and he looked sad. Alex thought so, too, and asked the Devil, “Are you sad?” The creature stared hardest at Alex. After all, they looked a little bit alike. And then he nodded his head. “I am,” the Jersey Devil said, and his voice sounded not like a shriek or a scream but like a sad, lonely boy. Rafa was a little afraid, but he wanted to be brave, so he stepped forward and asked, “Do you want some candy?” The creature looked down at the little boy. He nodded, and with his claw he reached into the bag. He snatched out a chocolate bar. As he did this, Alex noticed something startling. The creature’s eyes were misty. “You’re crying!” Alex said, and it was true, a tear was falling from the creature’s eye. “Come on! It’s Halloween. You can’t be sad!” Alex said. “Besides, no one will hurt you tonight. We’ll just pretend you’re our new friend, and you’re wearing a costume!” So that’s exactly what they did. The four children and the Jersey Devil walked to a quiet spot in the woods, and there they sat together and shared their treats, making sure the Jersey Devil got a share, too. “Why do you come back every 100 years?” Alex asked the Jersey Devil. “I’m always here,” the Jersey Devil said, smiling. “It’s just that people only talk about me when they want to tell a scary story.” “I’ll tell people you just want a friend,” Jack said. The Jersey Devil shrugged. “No one will believe you. People like to be scared.” But ever since that day, all four children have told the story of the friendly Jersey Devil, the creature who never meant to scare anyone, and who can’t help the way he looks or the sound of his shriek.
Tuesday • April 17, 2012 — C7
The Sentinel at www.cumberlink.com
Kids World When kids speak out, The Sentinel listens 15-1 (12)
release dates: April 14-20
Mini Spy . . .
TM
Mini Spy and Alpha Betty are hiking around the hot SPRINGS IN 9ELLOWSTONE .ATIONAL 0ARK 3EE IF YOU CAN FIND s EXCLAMATION MARK s MAN IN THE MOON s DOLPHIN s NUMBER s BELL s SNAIL s ARROW s FISH s SNAKE s RULER s NUMBER s MUSHROOM s LETTER ! s PENCIL s QUESTION MARK s LIMA BEAN
Š 2012 Universal Uclick from The Mini Page Š 2012 Universal Uclick
Power in the Earth
Using Geothermal Energy photo by J.D. Griggs, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, USGS
It can get hot beneath the surface of the Earth! The deeper under the ground, the hotter it gets. We can tap into this buried heat for warmth and energy. This is called geothermal (jee-ohTHUR-muhl) energy, from two Greek words — “geo,� meaning “earth,� and “therme,� which means “heat.� The Mini Page talked with an expert on geothermal energy to learn more about this form of power.
Inside the Earth
Hot water and steam can be trapped in underground rocks. We can use that trapped heat for our energy needs.
Meet Taylor Swift photo courtesy Universal Pictures
from The Mini Page Š 2012 Universal Uclick
Supersport: Tyler Zeller Height: 7-0 Weight: 250 Hometown: Washington, Ind.
Most everybody looks up to Tyler Zeller, and not just because he’s 7 feet tall. .ORTH #AROLINA S LIKABLE SENIOR CENTER IS A MODEL STUDENT athlete, excelling in the classroom and on the court. Both an academic and basketball All-American, Zeller led the highly ranked Tar Heels to another ACC regular-season title. :ELLER A MEMBER OF 5.# S NATIONAL CHAMPIONSHIP TEAM AVERAGED POINTS AND GRABBED REBOUNDS DURING THE REGULAR season. That’s not surprising for a kid who grew tall in a basketball FAMILY /LDER BROTHER ,UKE PLAYED AT .OTRE $AME AND YOUNGER BROTHER Cody is a standout at Indiana. Zeller has served in the community with Habitat for Humanity, the United Way and Read Across America.
In some parts of the world, hot springs are used to heat buildings directly. The hot water is not only used to create electricity, but can also be piped directly into homes or businesses. For example, in Iceland, hot water and steam are used to create electricity. .ATURALLY HOT WATER IS ALSO PIPED INTO almost every building to heat the buildings and provide hot tap water. The Mini Page thanks Fred Mayes, U.S. Energy Information Administration, for help with this issue.
Add` i]gdj\] ndjg cZlheVeZg [dg hidg^Zh VWdji [dgbh d[ ZcZg\n#
The easiest and most common way to use geothermal energy is to collect the hot water and steam stored underground. People have been using hot springs for heat for thousands of years. In modern geothermal power plants, steam is used to drive turbines. A turbine (TUR-bine) is an engine with spinning blades on a wheel. It is used in the creation of electricity. There are three ways power plants use this steam. They might: s Capture steam already coming from the ground. This is the easiest way to create geothermal power. s Turn hot water into steam. s Use the hot water to heat another liquid until that turns into steam. The advantage of this is that the second liquid might be easier to turn to steam.
Only a small percent of the land area has hot water near the surface. Geothermal energy can be an inexpensive source of power in those areas. Areas where there is, or has been, volcanic activity are top spots for hot springs. This includes the volcanic area around the edges of the Pacific Ocean, an area known as the Ring of Fire.
photo by Peter W. Lipman, courtesy USGS
Mount St. Helens in Washington erupts with a plume of smoke and ash in 1980. In areas where there is volcanic activity, hot springs and steam are usually easy to get at. Geothermal energy can be an efficient source of power in those areas.
Geothermal energy is a renewable resource. There will always be heat inside the Earth. However, the equipment costs a lot of money to build. If you live near hot springs or geysers, it could be worth it. The costs would be low. Also, most of the water can be put back underground once it has been used to create power. With heat pumps, people need to dig underground to lay the pipes. Unless you are building a home in a new development, this may not be practical. However, in buildings with a lot of land, such as schools, digging around the building might work well. Geothermal plants do not burn fuel, so they produce little pollution. Experts say they give off only about 1 percent as many carbon dioxide emissions as fossil fuel plants. They GIVE OFF ONLY ABOUT PERCENT AS MANY acid rain pollutants.
The Mini Page Staff
The Mini Page’s popular series of issues about each state is collected here in a 156-page softcover book. Conveniently spiral-bound for ease of use, this invaluable resource contains A-to-Z facts about each state, along with the District of Columbia. Illustrated with colorful photographs and art, and complete with updated information, The Mini Page Book of States will be a favorite in classrooms and homes for years to come.
All the following jokes have something in common. #AN YOU GUESS THE COMMON THEME OR CATEGORY Felix: What happened to the tactless man WHEN HE PUT HIS FOOT IN HIS MOUTH Fatima: He got a sock in the jaw! Fiona: How many feet are there in the 5NITED 3TATES Forrest: Twice as many as the number of people! Frances: 7HAT TYPE OF SHOE IS GOOD FOR LAZY FEET Frankie: Loafers! from The Mini Page Š 2012 Universal Uclick
Brown Bassetews n e th nd’s Hou
TM
*UST A FEW FEET UNDER THE GROUND the temperature stays at about 55 degrees. People use heat pumps to take advantage of these natural underground temperatures. For example, if it is 95 degrees outside, a normal air conditioner would have to work hard to get it down to a comfortable 70 degrees. With a heat pump, a liquid such as water or antifreeze is naturally cooled underground to 55 degrees. The liquid then cools the air. The air conditioner just has to finish the job. If it is cold outside, the heat pump does just the opposite. It warms the liquid to 55 degrees and makes it easier to heat the air.
7dd` d[ HiViZh
from The Mini Page Š 2012 Universal Uclick
TM
Betty Debnam - Founding Editor and Editor at Large Lisa Tarry - Managing Editor Lucy Lien - Associate Editor Wendy Daley - Artist
N
The Ring of Fire
from The Mini Page Š 2012 Universal Uclick
Advantages and disadvantages
I]Z B^c^ EV\Zœ
The Geysers near Santa Rosa, Calif., is the site of the oldest geothermal power plant in the United States. Built in 1962, It creates power for about 1 million people in northern and central California. It is the largest producer of geothermal power in the world. “The Geysers� does not actually have geysers. The plant uses steam to produce its energy. It does not tap into real geysers, or fountains of hot water.
Power near the surface
Heat pumps
Next week, The Mini Page is about coin collecting.
! W E
Blackberry Parfait
You’ll need: s OUNCE PACKAGE SUGAR FREE INSTANT VANILLA PUDDING s CUPS LOW FAT MILK s CUPS BLACKBERRIES WASHED AND RINSED s TABLESPOONS SEEDLESS BLACKBERRY PRESERVES s WHIPPED DAIRY TOPPING What to do: 1. Make pudding with milk according to package directions. Chill for 5 minutes until soft set. 2. Combine blackberries and preserves in a small pan; cook on medium heat for 5 minutes. 3POON HALF OF PUDDING EVENLY INTO PARFAIT DISHES 4. Spoon 1 4 cup blackberry sauce on top of pudding in each dish. 5. Layer with remaining pudding, then with remaining blackberry sauce. 6. Spoon desired amount of whipped dairy topping as final layer. Serves 4. You will need an adult’s help with this recipe. from The Mini Page Š 2012 Universal Uclick
Using hot water
Power places
Hot water
Rookie Cookie’s Recipe
Capturing Geothermal Energy
Paths to Power The first geothermal power plant in the world was built in Italy in 1904. It used steam to create energy. Some countries are able to easily use hot springs and geysers to provide power for their citizens. For example, Iceland, El Salvador and the Philippines produce at least one-quarter of their electricity with geothermal plants. The United States has more capacity for geothermal energy than anyplace in the world. Most of America’s capacity is in California.
TM
from The Mini Page Š 2012 Universal Uclick
Taylor Swift is the voice of Audrey in the movie “The Lorax.� She is best known as a country music singer and composer. She has won six Grammy Awards and many top country music awards. She writes all of her own songs. Taylor, 22, was born in Reading, Pa., and grew up on a Christmas tree farm. She won a national poetry-writing contest when she was in the fourth grade. She learned to play the guitar when she was 12. She was a member of a kids comedy group, and the manager urged her to work toward a musical career. She soon started performing at malls and fairs. Her first album came out when she was 16. 4AYLOR S FAMILY MOVED TO A .ASHVILLE SUBURB WHEN SHE WAS A TEENAGER SO SHE COULD HAVE BETTER CAREER CHANCES 3HE STILL LIVES IN .ASHVILLE She has supported several charities and has performed at benefit concerts to help tornado victims and kids in need. from The Mini Page Š 2012 Universal Uclick TM
Steamboat is one of the most famous geysers in Yellowstone National Park. When it erupts, it can send superhot water and steam up to 300 feet high.
from The Mini Page Š 2012 Universal Uclick
art courtesy USGS
INNER CORE OUTER CORE MANTLE CRUST
Storing heat
Magma flows under the Earth’s crust like a super-hot, slow-moving river. Some of it can burst through the surface in erupting volcanoes. But most magma stays underground, heating rocks beneath the crust. It also heats water that has sunk below the ground. The heat and weight of the planet create pressure. This pressure builds up, as in a teakettle. If there are no openings for the heat to escape, it may burst out as steam and hot water. Hot springs and geysers (GUY-zers), or hot fountains, are formed. The easiest places to use geothermal energy are in areas with geysers and hot springs.
photo by Julie Donnelly-Nolan, courtesy USGS
art courtesy NASA
layers inside the Earth. At the core, temperatures can be hotter than the surface of the sun.
Heat builds up
photo by Tom Cawley, NPS
The Earth is made up of layers of rocks and metals. These layers are: s 4HE core, in the center of the Earth. It has two parts. The very middle is made of solid iron. Rock that is so hot it has melted surrounds the iron center. This hot, melted rock is called magma. s 4HE mantle, made of magma and solid rock. s 4HE crust, or top layer. The land we walk on and at the bottom of the sea is the crust. This art shows the
The Puu Oo volcano cone erupts in Hawaii. Magma, or hot, melted rock, can flow between pieces of broken crust to reach the surface. It can also burst through thin areas of the crust. Lava erupting from volcanoes is made partly of magma.
Geothermal Energy
try ’n find
Words that remind us of geothermal energy are hidden in the block below. Some words are hidden backward or diagonally. See if you can find: AIR, CORE, CRUST, EARTH, ELECTRICITY, ENERGY, FIRE, FUELS, GEOTHERMAL, GEYSERS, HEAT, HOT, ICELAND, MAGMA, MANTLE, MOLTEN, POWER, PUMPS, SPRINGS, STEAM, TEMPERATURE, WATER. The earTh’s core is smokin’ hoT!
C E A R T H S T R
M O A H O T R A E
S A R I V R E E W
F T G E R E S H O
E U E M N T Y Y P
R M E A A A E T L
U K S L M W G I A
T D G N S N Y C M
A N N N S E G I R
R A I E P T R R E
E L R R M L E T H
P E P I U O N C T
M C S F P M E E O
E I C R U S T L E
T M A N T L E E G
from The Mini Page Š 2012 Universal Uclick
ready resources The Mini Page provides ideas for websites, books or other resources that will help you learn more about this week’s topics. On the Web: s EPA GOV CLIMATECHANGE KIDS SOLUTIONS TECHNOLOGIES geothermal.html s EIA GOV KIDS ENERGY CFM PAGE GEOTHERMAL?HOME BASICS s ENVIRONMENT NATIONALGEOGRAPHIC COM ENVIRONMENT GLOBAL WARMING GEOTHERMAL PROFILE s YOUTUBE COM WATCH V .PKZT7R'(! At the library: s h'EOTHERMAL %NERGY (OT 3TUFF v BY !MY 3 (ANSEN s h'EOTHERMAL 0OWERv BY *OSEPHA 3HERMAN
To order, send $15.99 ($19.99 Canada) plus $5 postage and handling for each copy. Make check or money order (U.S. funds only) payable to Universal Uclick. Send to The Mini Page Book of States, Universal Uclick, P.O. Box 6814, Leawood, KS 66206. Or call tollfree 800-591-2097 or go to www.smartwarehousing.com. Please send ______ copies of The Mini Page Book of States (Item #0-7407-8549-4) at $20.99 each, total cost. (Bulk discount information available upon request.) Name: ________________________________________________________________________ Address: _______________________________________________________________________ City: _________________________________________ State: _________ Zip: ________________
Please include all of the appropriate registered trademark symbols and copyright lines in any publication of The Mini PageÂŽ.