Dissertation Report on Ar. Sheetal Rakheja by Sonakshi Sharma

DISSERTATION REPORT ON

AR. SHEETAL RAKHEJA B. Arch. 3rd Year 2019-2020 Submitted by SONAKSHI SHARMA

Guided by Prof. Hina Zia Er. Fahad Bin Khurshid Ar. Mansi Bedi

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE & EKISTICS JAMIA MILLIA ISLAMIA NEW DELHI-110025 Faculty of Architecture & Ekistics, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi

Certificate In the partial fulfilment of the B. Arch. (3rd Year) degree program, this is to certify that Sonakshi Sharma has worked on the Dissertation Report entitled “Ar. Sheetal Rakheja” under our guidance and supervision.

Er. Fahad Bin Khurshid

Ar. Mansi Bedi

Dissertation Guide

Prof. S.M. Akhtar Head of Department

External Examiner 1

Prof. Hina Zia Dean

External Examiner 2

DECLARATION

I, Sonakshi Sharma, hereby declare that the Dissertation on ‘Ar. Sheetal Rakheja’ submitted in the partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Architecture (3rd Year) is my original research work and that the information taken from secondary sources is given due citations and references.

Sonakshi Sharma Date: xx/04/2020

Bachelor of Architecture (3rd Year)

Place: New Delhi 2019-20

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ACKNOWLEDGMENT

I feel pleasure in expressing my deep sense of gratitude to my dissertation guides, Prof. Hina Zia, Er. Fahad Bin Khurshid and Ar. Mansi Bedi Mangla, for their valuable guidance, constant encouragement, constructive criticism and valuable suggestions throughout the course of the present study. I would further like to thank my parents, Mr. Satish Sharma and Mrs. Shashi Sharma for their blessings, support and constant encouragement.

Sonakshi Sharma B.Arch. 3rd Year F/O Architecture and Ekistics Jamia Millia Islamia

CONTENTS NO.

PAGE

Certificate

Declaration

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Acknowledgements

1. About the Architect 1.1. Introduction 1.2. Design Philosophy 1.3. Vision 1.4. Works 1.4.1. Architecture 1.4.2. Interior 1.4.3. Urban Art 1.5 Awards and Recognition 2. Case Studies 2.1. Green Boulevard 2.1.1. Introduction 2.1.2. Concept 2.1.3. Planning 2.1.4. Key Green Features 2.1.5. Analysis 2.2. Shunya- Net Zero Home 2.2.1. Introduction 2.2.2. Concept 2.2.3. Planning 2.2.4. Key Green Features 2.2.5. Analysis 2.3. IHDP 2.3.1. Introduction 2.3.2. Concept 2.3.3. Planning 2.3.4. Key Green Features 2.3.5. Analysis 3. Conclusion

Annexure Bibliography

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Figure

Image Description

no.

Page no.

Ar. Sheetal Rakheja

Zing Club, Lotus Zing, Noida

Courtyard of IHDP, Noida

Elevational view of IHDP

Nature’s Walk

Site Plan

Site Section

Floor Plan

North facing, staggered towers of Green Boulevard

10.

Shunya, a net zero home

11.

3D render

12.

Elevational section

13.

Elevational section

14.

Landscape Plan

15.

Interior Plan

16.

Interior Views

17.

Elevational View

18.

Site Plan

19.

Interior View

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View of the Reception Lawn

21.

View of the Reception Lawn

22.

Installations

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ABSTRACT The dissertation analyses and understands the design philosophy of an Indian architect, Ar. Sheetal Rakheja. A graduate of Sushant School of Art and Architecture, she is an accredited LEED Green Building professional who is constantly working on the prospect of green buildings and has successfully delivered projects which deal with the techniques of sustainable architecture. Her impressive design works have been focused on harnessing nature’s elements, highest energy efficiency, use a right mix of glazing with optimum wall window ratios and employ regionally sourced materials. The dissertation analyses the design philosophy of the architect and the concepts involved in her designing process. Further analysis has been done to understand the process of implementation of these philosophies for the projects and its relationship with factors defining contemporary style. This has been done by conducting interviews of the architect, analysing various case studies as well as by referring to literature. Ar. Sheetal Rakheja has emerged as a pioneer in the realm of Indian Architecture, bringing major environmentally responsive projects to life. These projects have gone on to become live examples of how everyone can live sustainably, without compromising on their needs and comfort. Additionally, she has beautifully married both aesthetics and functionality in her designs, not only in structures but also in the public installations that she has created. Having made LEED Platinum buildings, she is currently working on creating buildings which are net positive. Architects like her, are a ray of hope and inspiration to others, as they diligently work to create a better world for everyone.

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Ar. Sheetal Rakheja

Sonakshi Sharma

B. Arch 3rd Year (Day) 2019-20

01. About the architect 1.1. Introduction Sheetal Rakheja is an architect, an accredited LEED Green Building professional, President of International Fenestration Forum and executive member of India Green Building Council (IGBC).

Fig 01: Ar. Sheetal Raheja Source:http://www.des-dev.co.in

Graduated from the Sushant School of Art and Architecture in the year 1998, now with over 20 years of practice she has a diverse portfolio which includes IT parks, townships, corporate offices, hospitals among various other projects. Based in one of India’s commercial hubs, Noida in the state of Uttar Pradesh, she is the Managing Partner of Aeon Design and Development India Pvt. Ltd. Under her leadership and vision, the firm is a pioneer in India’s chapter of green architecture as well as interior design. The firm has successfully delivered over 12 million sq ft of projects which range from large scale planning of townships to small scale residence modules and interiors. However, irrespective of the scale of the projects, they are efficient in terms of the energy consumed and the resources used while simultaneously being environmentally responsive without compromising on the user's comfort. 1.2. Design Philosophy: Through her design, Ar. Sheetal Rakheja attempts to strike a balance between efficiency of energy and resources, being environmentally responsible along with being community sensitive without compromising on the users comfort. This has been the key basis for a majority of her projects that have gone on to achieve LEED Gold and Platinum ratings. In her words, “An architecture that is synchronized with the natural forces around it and blends with the local ecosystem. An architecture that supports life and health and brings 1 Faculty of Architecture and Ekistics, Jamia Millia Islamia

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regeneration to body and soul. An architecture that connects us again with the primeval forces of life – sun, wind, earth, and water- and celebrates the cycle of the seasons. An architecture that is respectful of nature, caring for health, and nurturing to the spirit. The new architecture has its roots deep in vernacular tradition, which is rich in messages that are becoming more and more relevant to our time- messages that help us to remember a humility and a belonging to the 1 earth. ”

Fig 02: Zing Club, Lotus Zing, Noida Source:http://www.des-dev.co.in

Further, in her designs, she also aims to make nature an essential part of the structure. Having found that the solution to a number of problems lies in nature itself, it is progressively incorporated in the design and plays a significant role. The designs have been ensured to not only keep the natural functions preserved but also enhance them wherever it is possible. In addition to acknowledging the forces of nature, the projects cater to the ecological concerns while keeping in mind the aesthetics and human aspirations. She finds ways to link the built and unbuilt by creating interesting green communal spaces such as courtyards, terraces etc depending on the context of the site and the requirements. Not only does it beautify but also create interactive spaces which for the users becomes a major stress buster. 1.3. Vision Ar. Sheetal Rakheja is a firm believer in Sustainable Architecture. To gain in-depth knowledge of the architectural vocabulary across the world and the ever changing architectural expressions, she has traveled extensively across the globe. She emphasizes on the fact that building green is not just important, it's critical. She adds that the construction industry is not the only one contributing to environmental exploitation but it has a significant role to play. This is due to the fact that these structures consume tons of resources while producing vast amounts of waste, which in turn threatens our ecological system. In the current scenario where the resources are dwindling and the ecology is in a crisis, the need to create, construct and maintain the buildings responsibly becomes essential. Needless to say, this is accompanied by resource efficiency, minimized negative impact on the environment and healthy environment for users.

Sheetal Rakheja. Design & Development Corporate Book. India, 2013 2

Faculty of Architecture and Ekistics, Jamia Millia Islamia

Ar. Sheetal Rakheja

Sonakshi Sharma

B. Arch 3rd Year (Day) 2019-20

This indicates the dire need to go towards positive energy, positive water buildings where one is not taking from the resources, but one is giving and trying to give back.

Fig 03: Courtyard of IHDP, Noida Source:http://www.des-dev.co.in

Moreover, she believes that sustainable design isn't something that we're building for today. On the contrary, it is more about creating a certain framework and laying down the groundwork that can be passed on to the future generation with pride. This creates the need to take a long overview in order to create a thorough understanding of the successful vernacular architecture and patterns of living of the past, which balanced the social, economic and environmental factors. In some cases, this generates the need to introspect and make necessary, yet gradual changes in order to produce a sustainable living environment for the future. Whereas, in some other cases such as new cities or neighbourhood development, to avoid repeating the earlier made mistakes, these changes need to be radical. 1.4. Works With the vision to create every designed space sustainable and energy efficient, Ar. Sheetal Rakheja and her team at AEON Design & Development, has been working perseveringly to reduce the ecological footprint on the planet. The team has explored and applied new effective ways to integrate both passive and active systems in their designs. These designs are an ideal combination of ancient vernacular designs with today's state of art technology. Each project has come with its own challenges and left with some learning. Following is the list of projects: 1.4.1. Architecture Office/Commercial Wipro Technologies, Gurgaon Wipro Campus, Greater Noida Csc Campus, Noida 3 Faculty of Architecture and Ekistics, Jamia Millia Islamia

Ar. Sheetal Rakheja

Sonakshi Sharma

B. Arch 3rd Year (Day) 2019-20

Patni Campus, Noida Green Boulevard IHDP, Noida Oxygen, Noida Spazedge, Gurgaon Tech Boulevard Housing Lotus Boulevard, Noida Lotus Boulevard Espacia, Noida Lotus Panache, Noida Lotus Zing, Noida Lotus 300, Noida Lotus City, Yamuna Expressway Lotus Peak - Noida Greenopolis – Gurgaon Socio-cultural Club Lotier Le Panache Club Platino Club 300 The Leaf Residences “Shunya”: Net-zero Energy Home Manoj Mehra House, Gurgaon Institutional Lotus Valley International School - Noida Gems Global Academy, Gurgaon Lotus Panache Net-zero Energy School, Noida Hotel Hotel Crowne Plaza, Greater Noida 1.4.2. Interior Office/Commercial Acs – Xerox, Noida 4 Faculty of Architecture and Ekistics, Jamia Millia Islamia

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Sonakshi Sharma

B. Arch 3rd Year (Day) 2019-20

Alstom, Noida Csc Consolidation, Noida Ericsson, Noida I Pacesetter, Noida Kronos - Noida Patni Campus Perot Systems - Noida Professional Access, Noida Qwest, Noida Sapient, Noida Hospitality Aakriti Hotel- Greater Noida Silver Fern Restaurant- Delhi Residences Manoj Mehra House - Gurgaon Lotus 300 Lotus Panache 1.4.3. Urban Art Inverted Umbrella- Water Harvesting, DND Clover Water Clover -fishes- Save Yamuna, Ashram Clover Fire Clover- Solar Harvesting, DND Clover Human Face- Recycling Waste, Pragati Maidan

1.5. Awards and Recognition ₋ ₋ ₋ ₋ ₋

Award received from President of India for designing the largest, most environmentally friendly Platinum rated LEED building in the world for Wipro Technologies, Gurgaon 2005. Awarded by the Environment Ministry for designing and developing one of the world's most energy efficient buildings out of 28,500 LEED certified Green Buildings for Green Boulevard, Noida 2009. Awarded by the Environment Ministry for designing and developing the Second Largest most environment friendly Green Building in the world out of 28,500 LEED certified Green Building for Patni Campus, Noida 2008. Design and Development is one of the few Architectural firms in the world to have designed Three Platinum rated Leadership in Energy and Environment Design (LEED) buildings. Design and Development recieved LEED GOLD NC Award for Wipro Data Centre, Greater Noida presented by USGBC chairman and IGBC chairman at the IGBC Congress held in Pragati Maidan, New Delhi 2011 5

Faculty of Architecture and Ekistics, Jamia Millia Islamia

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Design and Development recieved LEED GOLD NC Award for Patni computers presented by USGBC chairman and IGBC chairman at the IGBC Congress held in Pragati Maidan, New Delhi 2011 Design and Development recieved LEED GOLD CS Award for Knowledge Boulevard presented by USGBC chairman and IGBC chairman at the IGBC Congress held in Pragati Maidan, New Delhi 2011 R R Kabel Society Interior Building Design Awards 2011” on 17th Dec at Le Meridien – New Delhi. in the category - “Best Commercial Building Design Award – Green Boulevard” as architect. Ar. Sheetal Rakheja was appreciated for participation as a guest speaker at MUNICIPALIKA 2013, 11th International Conference on "Good Urban Governance for Safe, Healthy, Green, Inclusive and Smart Cities" Ar.. Sheetal Rakheja was appreciated for participating as a speaker at the technical sessions for ASHRAE Chapter Regional Conference held in Colombo, Sri Lanka in 2012 Ar. Sheetal Rakheja was appreciated for contribution to the Seminar on "NEW CHAPTER ON SUSTAINABILITY IN NATIONAL BUILDING CODE OF INDIA 2005" on 5th March 2013.

Other achievements include: ₋ Chairman - Indian Green Building Council (IGBC) – India -Schools & Education ₋ Sheetal Rakheja is the President of International Fenestration Forum ₋ Sheetal Rakheja is also a Visiting Faculty at SPA, Delhi ₋ D&D is a member of the U.S. Green Building Council. ₋ D&D is a Founder Member of Indian Green Building Council (IGBC). ₋ D&D Placed among top four Architectural Firms in India by CNBC and ICICI. ₋ Only company credited with Three LEED Platinum Rated and Two LEED Gold Rated buildings in the world. ₋ Ms Sheetal Rakheja presented "NET ZERO ENERGY DESIGNS" in "Go Green National Agenda" organized by ARCHIDESIGN in May 2012. ₋ Ar. Sheetal Rakheja was the Jury member for Seventh Cycle of Architecture + Design & Spectrum Foundation Architecture Awards - 2007. ₋ D&D was speaker at Delhi Auto Desk Technology User Meet (DATUM) in 2012. ₋ D&D is proud to be the "Founding Member" for INDIAN GREEN BUILDING COUNCIL. ₋ D&D was the panelist at the National Workshop-Cum Conference on "Green Buildings : Fostering Sustainable Development & Environmental Clearance" in 2009 and 2010. ₋ Ar. Sheetal Rakheja is a member of drafting committee on sustainability chapter for the NBC (National Building Code of India) ₋ Ar. Sheetal Rakheja is Executive Committee member for IGBC (Indian Green Building Council) ₋ Design and Development has been invited at various International and National forums on green architectures and related relevant topics: ₋ Invited by CII – Indo-German Symposium on Energy Efficiency ₋ Invited by CII – Green Homes, Hyderabad ₋ Invited by CII – Green Materials, Chennai 6 Faculty of Architecture and Ekistics, Jamia Millia Islamia

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Invited by Singapore Association – Going Green Conference Invited by University of Pondicherry – Talk about Sustainable Developments Invited by Economic Times – On Green Architecture Invited by the French President his highness Nikolas Sarkosi on his visit & to discuss various kind of possibilities Invited by a very Sr. U.S. Govt. officials in Washington, DC to be awarded for his contribution on sustainable development across the world.

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Ar. Sheetal Rakheja

Sonakshi Sharma

B. Arch 3rd Year (Day) 2019-20

02. Case Studies 2.1. Green Boulevard 2.1.1. Introduction With a built up area of about a million sq. ft., Green Boulevard is an office space which, in the Shell and Core category, is one of world’s largest Platinum Rated Leed Green Buildings from USGBC. Location: Building Type: Site Area:. Built Up Area: Year of Completion: Accessibility:

Sector 62 Noida -201309 Office Complex 5 Acres 8,94,646 sq ft 2008 Delhi- Meerut Expressway Nearest Metro Station: Sector 62, Noida

Fig 04: Elevational view of the building Source: http://www.des-dev.co.in

2.1.2. Concept The project design revolves around the concept of the ‘Nature’s Walk’. The ground floor of the project is stilted to create shaded landscape green areas or the ‘Nature’s Walk’. The intent is to make people walk everyday through nature before entering their workplace and inculcate appreciation and sensitivity towards nature. Further, the planning has been done in such a way that it creates a unified campus which also promotes interaction by providing such spaces to the users. The design principle attempts to strike a balance between being environmentally responsible, energy and resource efficient without compromising on the comfort of the user. The campus comprises three, vertically and horizontally staggered, towers which are designed around shaded landscape courts with strategically placed shallow water bodies & plants as microclimate modifiers. This grants the users ample 8 Faculty of Architecture and Ekistics, Jamia Millia Islamia

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Sonakshi Sharma

B. Arch 3rd Year (Day) 2019-20

opportunities and beautiful social spaces to congregate.

Fig 05: ‘Nature’s Walk’ Source: http://www.des-dev.co.in

2.1.3. Planning The campus consists of three towers which are staggered horizontally and vertically to provide each of them visual access from the connecting road. The office spaces start from the second floor, with the ground and lower ground floor left to facilitate the public interaction and facility zone.

Fig 06: Site Plan Source: AEON Design and Development

These towers are stilted to create a common space on the lower floors by providing areas of common interest i.e. a gym, an amphitheatre, a cafeteria and shops. This landscaped area, hence, becomes an interactive space for the user as it also provides an easy visual and physical connection between spaces. The building’s north-south orientation helps in providing it with diffused daylight from the north while the high angle sun from the south has been restricted with the help of horizontal projections. Moreover, to harness daylight and to maximise views, the building depth has been accordingly optimized. 9 Faculty of Architecture and Ekistics, Jamia Millia Islamia

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Sonakshi Sharma

B. Arch 3rd Year (Day) 2019-20

Fig 07: Site Section Source: AEON Design and Development

Fig 08: Floor Plans Source: AEON Design and Development

Second floor onwards are the offices. With the towers placed around shaded landscape courts with water bodies and plants, the ambient temperature sees a significant reduction. The buildings envelope (walls and roof) is well insulated and the glazing used are high performance double glass units. 2.1.4. Key Green Features Green Boulevard has managed to achieve lower energy consumption without compromising on human comfort through both passive and active design strategies. 10 Faculty of Architecture and Ekistics, Jamia Millia Islamia

Ar. Sheetal Rakheja

Sonakshi Sharma

B. Arch 3rd Year (Day) 2019-20

These strategies includes: − Energy Efficiency: − Well insulated walls, roof high performance glass, optimum window wall ratio, maximizing daylight availability, using daylight-linked lighting, energy efficient mechanical and electrical systems. − Environment friendly lighting systems have been installed in all the common areas like reception, atrium, lift lobbies etc. which have two step control lighting that operate based on daylight sensors. − LPD reduced to 0.8 W/sqft which is much lower than conventional offices which have LPD of 1.2 W/sqft to 2 w/sq.ft. Reduction in internal LPD helped the project to achieve nearly 5% annual energy saving over ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2004 defined base building due to reduction in AC load. − Energy consumption in Green Boulevard is minimized by custom designing the façade facing different solar orientation to suit its climatic conditions. Buildings blocks are oriented north-south.

Fig 09: North facing, staggered towers of Green Boulevard Source:http://www.the3c.in/green-boulevard.htm

− Green Boulevard runs on 100% outdoor air during favorable seasons when the enthalpy of the outside air is less than the enthalpy of the re-circulated air (called the concept of free cooling). This helped the project to achieve 4% energy saving over ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2004 defined base building. − Energy efficient equipment, high COP water cooled chillers, pre-cooling, free-cooling, heat recovery wheel, airflow variation linked to occupancy and temperature, use of variable frequency drivers on AHU’s and pumps to increase part load efficiency helped reduce the Air Conditioning load by 70%, thereby reducing operating energy and lowering the size of air-conditioning equipments.

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Ar. Sheetal Rakheja

Sonakshi Sharma

B. Arch 3rd Year (Day) 2019-20

− By integrating both active and passive methods, Green Boulevard manages to cool around 800 sq.ft of office area by using 1 ton of air conditioning in contrast to a 1 ton of air conditioning cooling up to only 200 sq.ft of area. It was ascertained through building simulation results that the passive and active features of the Green Boulevard, together, help in saving 40% energy from other office buildings in India. − Materials: − Objectives were set to use sustainable building materials and minimize waste during construction, project emphasis to use recycled, locally produced and rapidly renewable materials - 39% of the materials used are with high recycled content. 91% of the materials used for the project are regionally procured. − Water Management: − Green Boulevard is a ‘Zero Discharge Building’; the rain water (from terrace & surface runoff) is collected and reused. The project has installed low flow dual flush plumbing fixtures, faucets, sensor taps and showers to reduce the amount of water consumption. 2.1.5. Analysis Green Boulevard is a very meticulously designed office complex, which is of course one of its kind. It effortlessly provides the users with an interactive congenial campus-like environment, where every user can share common areas, facilities and still retain their privacy. The dynamic architecture form and impressive spatial composition reveals the coherence with nature. In addition, major emphasis and effort has been given to create a energy efficient, environmentally responsible complex despite the huge scale of the project, which is indeed commendable.

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Ar. Sheetal Rakheja

Sonakshi Sharma

B. Arch 3rd Year (Day) 2019-20

2.2. Shunya- Net Zero Energy Home 2.2.1. Introduction A net zero energy home, Shunya, successfully demonstrates that without compromising on the comforts and aesthetics that are normally aspired for in a home, one can adopt sustainable living standards and reduce one’s carbon footprints. Built just in a period of 25 days, with the use of discarded cargo containers, Shunya is India’s first working model of a net zero energy home. Funded by the 3C Company, Shunya was first displayed in ACREX-2011 held in Pragati Maidan, quickly becoming the main attraction of the exhibition. Later, it was shifted to its current location – Lotus 300 Site in Noida. Location: Building Type: Module Area: Built Up Area: Accessibility:

Sector 107 Noida -201301 Residence 2570 sq ft 650 sq ft Noida- Greater Noida Expressway Nearest Metro Station: Sector 110, Noida

Fig 10: Shunya, a net zero home Source: http://www.des-dev.co.in

2.2.2. Concept

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Ar. Sheetal Rakheja

Sonakshi Sharma

B. Arch 3rd Year (Day) 2019-20

Made on the concept of zero waste, zero water and net zero energy, Shunya works on the principle of achieving maximum efficiency in energy, material, water along with waste minimization; hence, showcasing how anyone can live sustainably, without compromising on their needs. Moreover, it is also designed by taking learnings from traditional Indian Architecture. Shikara, t he center point, has the power to draw energy and this energy helps in enhancing the overall quality of life. Hence, the central courtyard serves as a source of light and ventilation.

Fig 11: 3D render Source: http://www.des-dev.co.in

2.2.3. Planning The self contained model of Shunya works on the basic principle of achieving maximum efficiency in energy, material, water while also minimizing the waste produced. It brings together the best materials, efficient systems, efficient lightings, lighting sensors, efficient appliances and day lighting strategies while constructing a building that suits the climatic conditions of the site. Primarily, old refurbished materials like old cargo containers, packaged wood and old furniture are used in Shunya. It has also incorporated a courtyard that serves as a primary source of sunlight and natural ventilation and has shading devices in place such as louvers which are designed optimally for the local climate.

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Sonakshi Sharma

B. Arch 3rd Year (Day) 2019-20

Fig 12: Elevational section Source: AEON Design and Development

Fig 13: Elevational section Source: AEON Design and Development

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Ar. Sheetal Rakheja

Sonakshi Sharma

B. Arch 3rd Year (Day) 2019-20

Fig 14: Landscape Plan Source: Author

2.2.4. Green Features ₋

Shunya demonstrates an effective and efficient close loop cycle of energy, water, food and waste management. Use of a low flow fixture, a solar cooker, a vegetable garden, and a composting pit are few of the key features of the house.

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Energy Efficiency: ₋ High quality energy efficient lighting system area designed that utilizes lighting controls for maximizing day-lighting effect. The house is designed with lighting power density (LPD) as low as 0.2 W/Sq.ft by using LED fixtures, which consumes very less energy. ₋

The house is designed to maximize use of day-lighting, almost 90% of the living spaces achieve daylight factor greater than 2%.

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Ar. Sheetal Rakheja

Sonakshi Sharma

B. Arch 3rd Year (Day) 2019-20

Fig 15: Interior Plan and the corresponding energy saving methods used Source: Author

₋

For the purpose of exterior and landscaping lighting, solar bollards have been used. The lighting consumption of the house has been further reduced by using occupancy and daylight sensors.

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Landscaping: ₋ Landscape of Shunya is aesthetically designed using native plant species and efficient irrigation systems to minimize the use of water consumption. ₋ Moreover, previous and high albedo paving have been used for the reduction of the heat island effect and increased on-site water penetration to natural ground.

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Waste Management: ₋ Off-site disposal of waste is minimized by on-site initiatives that include organic waste composting that convert food waste into rich manure, working with materials already on-site and repurposing them in a new way 17

Faculty of Architecture and Ekistics, Jamia Millia Islamia

Ar. Sheetal Rakheja

Sonakshi Sharma

B. Arch 3rd Year (Day) 2019-20

like modular vegetable trays made out of construction waste that optimizes the space and increase area for vegetable garden, sculptures from construction and household waste. ₋

Savings: ₋ It achieves more than 70% savings in electric energy as compared to a conventional building of the same climatic zone; almost 40% savings in electric energy is through passive energy conservation strategies. ₋ The peak energy demand of the house is reduced to 1.34 watt/sq ft in contrast to 8 to 10 watt/sq.ft of a conventional house. This minimized energy demand is then met by renewable energy sources at the site.

Fig 16: Interior views Source: http://www.des-dev.co.in

2.2.5. Analysis Shunya is a perfect example of maintaining balance as it brings together the best materials, efficient systems, efficient lightings, lighting sensors, efficient appliances and day lighting strategies while also being conscious of aesthetics and user experience. It truly is a transformed way of thinking and sustainable living. Shunya makes it evident how everyone can contribute to the well being of the planet without having to compromise on any aspect, be it functionality or aesthetics.

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Ar. Sheetal Rakheja

Sonakshi Sharma

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2.3. IHDP (International Home Decor Park) 2.3.1. Introduction Located in India’s prime commercial hub Noida, IHDP is an aesthetically designed business park. With its one of a kind planning, IHDP integrates a biophilic design philosophy which beautifully balances both, pure natural elements and modern construction technologies. The park is an oasis of calm, with its lawns, courtyards and free-flowing water bodies, which provides the users as well as the visitors with a peaceful environment. Due to its key location, the businesses are offered a perfect address with a great ambience which would have a positive impact on the employees and customers, and hence the business. Location: Building Type: Site Area:. Built Up Area: Year of Completion: Accessibility:

Plot No. 7 Sector 127 Noida -201304 Business Park 5 Acres 5,00,000 sq ft 2007 Noida- Greater Noida Expressway Nearest Metro Station: Botanical Garden

Fig 17: Elevational view of the building Source: https://www.ihdp-india.com

2.3.2. Concept “Good design radiates an unquestioned sense of belonging. The best design elements are neither new nor old; they are simply part of the fabric of creation.” Inspired by traditional Indian architecture, International Home Décor Park is planned with a series of interflowing, interconnected courts, which are designed around a central green axis, with a dynamic water body. Each court is landscaped and designed differently to create a rich, diverse and versatile experience. The central green zone with ghats, cafeterias, amphitheatre is a perfect setting as spillover interaction and rejuvenation space in the morning ,and celebration and 19 Faculty of Architecture and Ekistics, Jamia Millia Islamia

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entertainment zone in the evening. Built and unbuilt coexist and merge so 2 beautifully, as if paying reverence to each other. 2.3.3. Planning The campus gets its character from beautifully landscaped series of interconnected courts, each court is planned and designed differently to create versatility and vibrancy. The dynamic, central water body, around which the built structures are places, simultaneously acts as a stage for the amphitheatre. The water bodies and plants are not mere cosmetic additions, they are placed along the prevailing wind direction facing the pedestrian areas; when the wind moves over these water bodies and plants it becomes cool, reducing the ambient temperature thereby modifying the microclimate of the campus.

Fig 18: Site Plan Source: AEON Design and Development

2.3.4. Key Green Features − Energy Efficiency: − To increase the efficiency of the building envelope proper orientation, high thermal mass, wall and roof insulation, use of high-performance glass and optimum shading design plays an important role. Hence depths of the building foot plates have been optimized to harvest maximum daylight and views from both sides. − The window to wall ratio (WWR) has been kept less than 30%; this ensured lower heat gain through exterior glazing without compromising on day-lighting. Energy losses through walls and roofs were reduced by a 2

http://www.des-dev.co.in

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combination of insulated envelope design, ventilation efficiency and air sealing.

Fig 19: Interior View Source: https://www.ihdp-india.com

− Lighting design with reduced LPD, use of sensor based lighting for non-regularly occupied areas like corporate lounges, AHU rooms and stores & solar water heating were few other measures taken to reduce energy load of building. − Carbon footprint reduction: − More than 90 percent car parking is kept in the basement, with the basement entry –exit ramps in closest proximity to the site’s frontage. Vehicular traffic on site is limited to the periphery hence maximizing green areas and reducing the heat island effect as well as increasing onsite rainwater infiltration. − Landscaping:

Fig 20: View of the reception lawn Source: https://www.ihdp-india.com

− 60% -70% of the ground area has been kept green or with permeable surfaces like grass pavers, pebble court to increase the porosity of the site. 21 Faculty of Architecture and Ekistics, Jamia Millia Islamia

Ar. Sheetal Rakheja

Sonakshi Sharma

B. Arch 3rd Year (Day) 2019-20

The non basement areas have either green area open grid pavement system or grass grids to recharge ground water. − Further, care has been taken in selection of the species which are native and / or adaptive to the composite climate and consume very less water and also water efficient irrigation systems like drip irrigation are used. − Water Efficiency: − The campus is designed for maximum water efficiency; rain water from terraces and courts is routed to either the harvesting tanks for future reuse or to recharge pits for recharging ground water. − Waste Management: − Sewage is treated and the recycled water from the STP is used for cooling tower makeup, gardening and flushing. − Material Selection:

Fig 21: View of the reception lawn Source: https://www.ihdp-india.com

− The environmental goals were not only implemented in the design, but in selection of materials and construction process as well. More than 95 % of the materials for flooring, cladding are regionally procured. Approximately 75% construction waste was reused. 2.3.5. Analysis The concept and planning creates a ‘ZEN’ like merging of the landscape and the architecture of building, creating an oasis of calmness and upliftment of spirit. The double height reception which sits like a framed pavilion floating on the water forms the visual focus of the campus, greeting the guests with rejuvenating landscape views on two sides. Architecture which is contemporary and yet where built and unbuilt co-exist so harmoniously that the total is more than the sum of the parts. Such a rich, beautiful ambience and environment becomes essential for a work space as it acts as a stress buster. 22 Faculty of Architecture and Ekistics, Jamia Millia Islamia

Ar. Sheetal Rakheja

Sonakshi Sharma

B. Arch 3rd Year (Day) 2019-20

03. Conclusion Ar. Sheetal Rakheja has emerged as a pioneer in the realm of Indian Architecture, bringing major environmentally responsive projects to life. These projects have gone on to become live examples of how everyone can live sustainably, without compromising on their needs and comfort. Additionally, she has beautifully married both aesthetics and functionality in her designs, not only in structures but also in the public installations that she has created. Having made LEED Platinum buildings, she is currently working on creating buildings which are net positive. Architects like her, are a ray of hope and inspiration to others, as they diligently work to create a better world for everyone.

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Ar. Sheetal Rakheja

Sonakshi Sharma

B. Arch 3rd Year (Day) 2019-20

Annexure Interview Q.1. What inspired you to choose architecture as your profession? A. I was always very passionate about designing and then also about sustainable architecture so I used to experiment at home also trying to make things out of waste materials and everything and really loved planning a lot and I have a few architects in my family so buildings and all used to inspire me because I felt that the way we create spaces that can really help to whether we're designing hospitals whether we're designing any offices they really help to motivate us inspire us change our mindset places that give you so much peace so with architecture we can create that so that was the main reason. Q.2. Entering into the field did you have a mentor? A. No, not really. I just learned everything myself and struggled myself, learned myself. I used to read a lot and observe a lot and that's been the thing. Not a mentor as such. Q.3. What is your design process and with such a diverse portfolio, how does it change with every project? A. So you have to understand that every project is different. So you have to understand the context, where it is and what is the usage, what is the functionality then we start with that and then we look at how sustainability will play an important role, how the spaces would be, how we can transform it for the people who inhabit it. So I try to walk through those spaces myself when I design. How it should look and feel, what is that user experience that is very important and of course functionality is important, space planning is important and then context is important then climatology is important. As an architect, you have to look at all these factors when you're designing. It varies from project to project as each would have a different site, so the site conditions would be different; you may get a sloping site, you may have a lake where you want to take the advantage of the view or you may have a project site which is surrounded by a concrete jungle or industry, then maybe you want to make it an inward looking building, so it just depends on the site. Site plays an important role, then comes climate, how you want to shade as you do not want too much heat coming in a harsh kind of climate but of course if you're designing somewhere else then the context changes. Q.4. How do you attempt to link the built and the unbuilt spaces? A. I especially give a lot of importance to nature and find ways to get that nature in because I feel whichever space you're in whether you're in an office or whether you're in a hospital or whether you're in a hotel, it is very important to get connected to the nature because that is the most peaceful thing, because whenever you're looking at it is a stress buster to look at plantations. If we are looking at nature, so what we do is mainly through the courtyards, by getting terrace gardens, depending on the context if it is a tall rise building so we can create some terraces, if we can get some atriums courtyards getting in 24 Faculty of Architecture and Ekistics, Jamia Millia Islamia

Ar. Sheetal Rakheja

Sonakshi Sharma

B. Arch 3rd Year (Day) 2019-20

landscaping. In one project that we designed, basically a tall rise building the developer wanted to make, so we told them climatologically it is not right so we broke the building into three parts so there were courtyards between the three buildings and then we stilted the ground floor and got nature inside in that stilted area so that it becomes a beautiful social community space for the people. It was an office space so that is a lovely space where the employees of those buildings come and interact and sit around so that's kind of how you connect the built and unbuilt and of course the glass, the viewing glass is important, one is that there can be series of courtyards cut in the building where you can get nature in and of course giving glazing at the right places is important. Q.5. How has your design process evolved over time? A. Every project has been a challenge and has been a learning also so I think that with every project the intent is to do better in terms of energy conservation, in terms of getting nature inside, in terms of how we can save the material because from the first building how I see my evolement has been over the period of time is, suppose in a building we provide glass we payed attention but not as much as required, there was wastage let's say 10 percent in the next building, we tried modularity and the sizing of the glass so that because it is; one, an expensive material it is also a very high embodied energy material so we brought down the wastage to two percent so we are very conscious on that. In terms of other materials like stone and all we thought that the cut pieces we used in landscaping; in the next project, we thought how do we size it so that the wastage is reduced so we started going towards modularity. Then in terms of energy, in the first building let's say there is a base case that we were able to get a saving of 30%, next one we said what better can we do so we made a very high performance building where the savings were 60%-70% next we went onto create zero energy buildings and now we're creating net positive building. So in terms of energy, in terms of shading, in terms of zero glare, in terms of anything you talk about, materiality where you are trying to cut all the frills, you are trying to save on the material so those developments have been there in terms of performance of the building. There has been a lot of evolution I would say and even the materials have changed from what they used to be earlier so we try to experiment and see how we can use those to overall improve that building. Q.6. In this day and age, how important do you think it is to build green? A. I think it is critical, not just important. It is the need of the hour if you don't do it and if your buildings are going to be energy guzzler, you see what's happening like today lot of places in South India don't have water so if you're not conscious of your water, of your energy what will is it were going to leave behind, what legacy will we leave behind. It is critical, look at the pollution. The construction industry is not the only one crewing that pollution but also has a significant role to play so we have to in fact go towards positive energy, positive water buildings where you're not taking from the resources you're giving and try to give back.

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Ar. Sheetal Rakheja

Sonakshi Sharma

B. Arch 3rd Year (Day) 2019-20

Even if you look at this office space, there is absolutely no light turned on. We only have fans running, we don't run air conditioning. It is only for two months, that too at 27 degrees. We’ve provided insulation so these are the small things that can make a difference but you have to do much bigger now because of how things are going. Q.7. How do you balance functionality and aesthetics? A. I feel they have to go hand in hand for sure. Functionality is very important, otherwise by giving too much importance to aesthetics while compromising on basic functionality it is a lot of waste of energy and people going round and round and everything has to be easily accessible and aesthetics of course like I said if those buildings don't inspire you, if those buildings don't make you feel comfortable, don't improve your well being then what's the point of making. So, they have to go hand in hand and functionality is so essential so that becomes the architect's role how they marry the two. Q.8. What was the idea behind the Shunya Net Zero Housing? A. We wanted to make a zero waste- zero energy building so it was made of completely waste material. So the intent was to tell how we all can live very sustainably and yet whatever necessities are there are still taken care of. So, we have air conditioning, we have lights and everything but then it was done in a way that it was a very low energy consuming house that was around a courtyard and had verandahs which would shade the windows. The glazings were more on the north and the courtyard side then on the exterior it was very well insulated. It was a very low energy demand house. From the base case we brought down the energy consumption by using insulation, DGO, window wall ratio and the little energy needed was provided through the solar panels plus it had a vegetable garden it had a waste disposal where it was converted into manure so basically nothing was going out of site so that was the main thing to show we all can live sustainably that was the intent. Q.9. According to you, which is your best project till date? A. So we did this HCL renovation project where we renovated the facade of the project and the interiors where earlier the window wall ratio was 60% we brought in down to 30% and have a glare free interior so we worked a lot in terms of simulation models and all, that project I really liked and then there is this hotel project that we have just done in calcutta which again is an interesting project. My favourite is the shunya house that we made out of waste containers and all that, it still remains like one of my favourites and then we're working on a couple of more interesting projects zero energy office buildings and all those are also very interesting. Q.10. What would your dream project be? A. Dream project is still there in my mind. I really want to do a school or probably even a school as a part of a large integrated development. Not only a school but an integrated development, which of course would be zero energy

26 Faculty of Architecture and Ekistics, Jamia Millia Islamia

Ar. Sheetal Rakheja

Sonakshi Sharma

B. Arch 3rd Year (Day) 2019-20

and very sustainable and then with a lot of vegetable gardens like going to the basics so that's my dream project which I would like to design and execute. Q. You have designed the Lotus Panache Net Zero Energy School in Noida? A. But that didn't get executed. That was a really beautiful one, that we designed but then because of the cost and other constraints it did not get executed. Q.11. You've written the National Building Code’s sustainability chapter? A. Yes, that was done years back. So the National building code, the revised version has a sustainability chapter which mentions what kind of materials, what kind of glazing systems and what kind of what we need to follow. Q. So these are the things you've learned over experience? A. A lot of it was taught in colleges but then the ground reality is different and the learning came in over the years. Q.12. Lastly, is there any advice you'd like to give to the younger generation of architects? A. I feel that architects have a big role to play in the development of the country since we’re the ones who are designing so if we design correctly it would make a lot of difference to the world. So, the younger generation has to be really conscious. Do not use a material because you like it, there needs to be a reason so always question. Why? How much? Do I really need it? How can I make it better? How can I economise? How can I avoid wastages? How can I design buildings which matter, which make a difference to the people? Who is going to inhabit it? So, their well being is very important, nature is very important, and when you try to marry all this, is extremely important, so be very conscious of what you design and when you design walk through those spaces yourself and you'll always design good. What you want to see, how you want to live, when you do that your design will automatically turn out good. User experience is very important, the wellbeing of the person who is going to be there, so daylighting, nature will automatically come in when you start thinking from that perspective and be sensitive to what you design.

Bibliography ₋ ₋ ₋

Sheetal Rakheja. Design & Development Corporate Book. India, 2013 http://www.des-dev.co.in http://www.the3c.in/green-boulevard.htm

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