Serving the wall & ceiling industry since 1953 • www.wallandceiling.ca • December 2014 / January 2015
Construction Outlook 2015 in this issue:
Drywall History Labour Solutions Montecito North Cinemacity
Publications Mail / Agreement # 40719512
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Serving the wall & ceiling industry since 1953 • www.wallandceiling.ca • December 2014 / January 2015
Construction Outlook 2015 in this issue:
Drywall History Labour Solutions Montecito North Cinemacity
Publications Mail / Agreement # 40719512
The Trowel team Lara Perraton, Group Publisher lperraton@pointonemedia.com Jessica Kirby, Editor 877.755.2762• jessica.kirby@pointonemedia.com Lara Perraton, Advertising Sales 877.755.2762• lperraton@pointonemedia.com Christina Tranberg, Advertising Sales 877.755.2762• ctranberg@pointonemedia.com
contributing writers Mark Breslin Susan Bryant Brad Christian Amelia Cline Ian Moes Justine Shaffer
cover photo
photo courtesy of Acoustiblok
Published bi-monthly by Point One Media, Inc. The Trowel P.O. Box 11, Station A Nanaimo, BC V9R 5K4 t: 877.755.2762 • www.wallandceiling.ca While information contained in this publication has been compiled from sources deemed to be reliable, the publisher may not be held liable for omissions or errors. Contents ©2015 by Point One Media Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or duplicated without prior written permission from the publisher.
photo courtesy of James Hardie Building Products.
CONTENTS •
december 2014 / january 2015
06 Boom! It’s 2015
Construction industry experts say it’s boom times ahead for BC and the rest of Canada.
10 Drywall History
From Ancient Egypt to Skills Canada 2014, drywall has held a resilient place in history.
12 Labour Solutions on the Way
A new Apprentice Job Matching Tool promises to bring employers and apprentices together across the province.
16 Montecito North
Hardie Plank adds a tough, weatherproof exterior to a multi-unit building in Abbotsford.
Printed in Canada. Postage paid at Vancouver, BC. Return postage guaranteed. Canada Post Canadian Publications Mail Sales Product Agreement #40719512.
Departments & Columns
Return undeliverable Canadian addresses to: The Trowel Circulation Department
04 editorial 17 around the world
P.O. Box 11, Station A Nanaimo, BC V9R 5K4 e: circulations@pointonemedia.com
19 feature focus
Journal of Record for
21 contractors’ advice Simply scan the QRCode with your smartphone to be taken directly to
The Trowel is a registered trademark of the BC Wall & Ceiling Association. The Trowel is published six times per year expressly for members of the wall and ceiling industry.
22 it’s the law 23 advertiser index
the wallandceiling.ca website.
In the next issue: Technology • Tools • Material Innovations
from the Editor’s Desk By Jessica Kirby, Editor
2015: Let Greatness Ensue Something tells me 2015 is going to be a great year. There’s something about the cadence, the way it rolls off the tongue: Twenty-Fifteen. It sounds strong, solid, and successful, to me. Two hundred and fifty years ago this year, Monsieur Boulanger had a feeling. With a penchant for health (and cheese) he opened the world’s first restaurant, a soup and broth extravaganza at the Louvre in Paris that he hoped would provide restoration (read: calories) to people’s diets and improve their overall well-being. He was right, of course, as we can now “restore” ourselves at any number of options never more than a stone’s throw away.
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More important than his hearty recipes was his vision—the courage and tenacity to try something new, something the world would gravitate towards and appreciate. The same tenacity and vision is exemplified in construction all the time—architectural miracles like Aya Sofya Museum in Turkey and Burj Khalifa in the United Emirates have birthdays in 2015, too—and we want to make sure The Trowel does the best job it can in showcasing this amazingness. We are stretching our wings in 2015. The Trowel has a wonderful legacy as the BC Wall and Ceiling Association’s journal of record and has, over its 62-year history, reached thousands of readers outside this membership from architectural firms and government agencies to building suppliers and retirees. Cresting the new year we envision a fresh look, shorter, punchier features (and more of them), and some great new sections. We want to talk about projects. BCWCA members are responsible for some of the best wall and ceiling projects in the Pacific Northwest region and beyond. We can’t wait to tell you about them. Watch for fresh, innovative BCWCA member projects as well as a running list of the coolest ICI projects BC and Alberta has in motion or coming soon. We want to talk about training. There has never been a better time in history to become a certified tradesperson in BC and we don’t think enough people know the facts about making that happen. Every issue for 2015 will take a peek at a component of the wall and ceiling trade, follow the experience of a trainee, or profile a business who has taken the leap and hired apprentices. Our vision is to restore readers’ faith in the intimate
and entrenched cycle of work and support that is necessary to fuel BC’s successful workforce. We want to talk about regional conditions. Building activity, permits, bylaws, outside sectors, natural resource development, and political climates in specific regions in BC affect ICI construction in myriad ways, and we want to tell you about it. From the North and Southern Interior to the Lower Mainland and Vancouver Island, watch for a spotlight on the areas that matter most to you. We want to stretch our boundaries. From Mumbai to Beirut we have been looking at interesting wall and ceiling projects around the world and have had some great feedback about these. This will be a regular section moving forward, supplemented with some facts and figures that highlight different wall and ceiling techniques and trends in other parts of the world. Building Science will also continue as we examine innovations in wall and ceiling technologies that have the potential to shape the future for wall and ceiling installers in Canada. We want to hear from you. We can knock our heads together all year long (and I like to think we come up with some cool ideas) but it’s only a full picture with your feedback. Please email or call me any time with your news, projects, ideas, feedback, compliments, or complaints. If it moves you, we want to hear about it. If you care about it, we care about it. So let’s kick of 2015 with some collaboration. More heads can only make better ideas. And besides, I have a good feeling about it.
Educators call for better tools to teach trades With 91 per cent of educators convinced skilled tradespeople will always be in demand, there is a strong case for connecting students to hands-on activities and accurate employment data, suggests a report released today by the Canadian Apprenticeship Forum (CAF-FCA).
Walls, Ceiling and Mechanical Insulation Suppliers
In a survey of 715 teachers across Canada, 93 per cent say they are encouraging students to consider careers in the skilled trades. Only 13 per cent of parents and 18 per cent of youth agree, highlighting gaps among the three groups when it comes to awareness of career pathways after high school. The three groups agree, however, when it comes to belief that the skilled trades involve hard physical labour, something that new technologies mitigate in many trades. According to Sarah Watts-Rynard, CAFFCA's executive director, this belief may be causing a disconnect when it comes to developing the right skills for success in the trades. “Many trades rely on strong math and science skills. More than ever before, tradespeople are using technology to address the physical nature of their jobs. Parent and educator perceptions about the trades may be misdirecting youth when it comes to the right skills for success in the trades,” she said. The educator perceptions report is the third of three national surveys since 2013 to measure perceptions about careers in the skilled trades among youth, parents, and educators. Understanding educator views is important as they impact student aspirations, educational goals, and career choices— either challenging or reinforcing negative stereotypes about the skilled trades. Of the three groups, educators are the most positive in their perceptions of tradespeople, claiming to understand apprenticeship and the benefits of skilled trades careers. Yet, educators think there's room for more field trips and hands-on opportunities, betterequipped trades classrooms, and more integration of skilled trades content in high school curricula. Educator Perceptions of Careers in Skilled Trades is available to members of CAFFCA at caf-fca.org.
Campbell River, BC Tel: 250-286-0113 Kelowna, BC Tel: 250-765-6233 Kamloops, BC Tel: 250-376-5781 Surrey, BC Tel: 604-513-2211
Vancouver, BC Tel: 604-430-1463 Victoria, BC Tel: 250-384-1166 Nanaimo, BC Tel: 250-753-3378
Regina, SK Tel: 306-721-2010 Saskatoon, SK Tel: 306-931-0101 Winnipeg, MB Tel: 204-488-4477 Vaughan, ON Tel: 905-660-4456 London, ON Tel: 519-668-8453 Windsor, ON Tel: 519-974-8855 Burlington, ON Tel: 905-335-1789 Collingwood, ON Tel: 705-443-8600
Cambridge, ON Tel: 519-653-6111 Calgary, AB Tel: 403-720-6255 Red Deer, AB Tel: 403-343-1100 Grande Prairie, AB Tel: 780-833-7000 Fort McMurray, AB Tel: 780-714-9364 Edmonton, AB Tel: 780-452-4966 Lethbridge, AB Tel: 250-765-6233
www.winrocspi.com wallandceiling.ca » December 2014 / January 2015 » 5
Photo credit: 123RF.com
BOOM! s ’ t i
5 1 20 By Susan Bryant
“BC’s construction industry is heading into one of the most growth-oriented, demanding times in its history.
It’s boom times ahead
for the BC construction industry, says Manley McLachlan, president of the BC Construction Association. “BC’s construction industry is heading into one of the most growth-oriented, demanding times in its history,” he says. “The construction sector’s contribution to BC’s total GDP is expected to increase by 31 per cent over the next three or four years, and we’re looking at an estimated $206 billion.”
Manley also dismisses concerns that future activity will only be around LNG investment and future pipeline activities in the north. “It’s important to note there’s construction activity all across the province, not just in the north,” he says. “Although LNG investment will certainly add to the activity, we have plenty going on already.”
Atkinson credits an active resource sector, particularly in Alberta, BC, Saskatchewan, and parts of New Brunswick and Newfoundland, for the activity. But public infrastructure and transportation projects have also been instrumental in keeping the industry busy—projects that get larger each year.
That’s in line with record growth rates across the country, notes Michael Atkinson of the Canadian Construction Association.
“ReNew Canada publishes the top 100 public projects every year, and the volume of those 100 projects goes up every year,” he explains. “Something like 43 of them this year are valued at about a billion dollars or more.”
“ICI has been going on a tremendous pace for some time now,” he explains. “According to Stats Canada, in 2014 both ICI and residential construction combined were $293 billion. Just 10 years ago, that was only $150 billion—in the space of 10 years, it’s almost doubled.”
In the big picture, according to BuildForce Canada, British Columbia’s overall economic growth is expected to average 2.7 per cent to 2018, stronger than the Canadian average of 2.4 per cent over the same period. In its Preliminary Investment wallandceiling.ca » December 2014 / January 2015 » 7
■
BC’S LABOUR MARKET
“The bottom line is the Vancouver Island-based industry is looking forward to significant increase in construction investment across all sectors of the residential and non-residential construction markets in 2015.” Trends report for BC from 2015 to 2024, it notes that while the last few years have been weaker in the commercial and institutional construction sector, ICI building investment is expected to rise in the coming years thanks to major resource projects (including those predicted LNG terminals). Industrial
building construction is expected to peak by 2018, but stay steady after that—and well above historic levels in the early 2000s. In the residential sector, according to the same report, new housing investment isn’t expected to change significantly, but should see a boost from growth in renovation work.
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On the more local level, Vancouver Island has seen a fairly healthy multi-family residential sector in the Victoria region, along with independent living facilities built in Comox, Courtenay, and Victoria, and multiple Defence Construction Canada projects at CFB Esquimalt. There has been strong investment in the commercial sector across the island (including several mall upgrades and Target renovations), but overall, says Greg Baynton, CEO of the Vancouver Island Construction association, 2015 is going to be a transition year toward more positive growth in the industry. “It’s been six years of a depressed economy in the ICI,” he explains. “The bottom line is the Vancouver Island-based industry is looking forward to significant increase in construction investment across all sectors of the residential and non-residential construction markets in 2015, and be sustained to 2020.” However, busy times aren’t necessarily translating into healthy bottom lines, as the Vancouver Regional Construction Association’s president, Fiona Famulak, points out. “The market is tough, materials and people costs are high, and margins are very thin,” she says. “In addition to driving people costs skywards, BC’s skill shortage is preventing some from either bidding on work or from implementing growth plans.” Everyone remains concerned about both labour shortages and just as importantly, an aging population. “The perfect storm of labour market demographics in a rapidly expanding economy across most of Canada will generate a significant skills shortage in trades and management,” says Baynton. “And despite this predictable perfect storm, government has been closing shop classes in our high schools, thereby eliminating the exposure to trades and career options other than a purely academic path.” The BCCA’s McLachlan echoes Baynton’s concerns. “We have a lot of work to do to get BC’s work force skilled up and experienced enough to fill the jobs that are coming,” he says. “And while the LNG opportunities will increase the demand, even without LNG we’re looking at a shortage of over
26,000 skilled trades people by 2021. That’s going to take a concerted effort in the short term and a cultural shift in the long term: we’re really encouraging parents to rethink the trades and discuss the opportunities with an open mind.” “We can no longer tolerate the fact that a career in construction is perceived as a second-best choice,” agrees Famulak. “Realistically there will always be demand, be it here or abroad. We need specific policies to ensure youth, women, and aboriginal workers understand the opportunities and engage them so they are part of the solution to our skills shortage.” The BCWCA has been continuing to target skills shortage as a top priority, and will be participating in Skills BC again this year. (Last year’s project saw 5,000 participants walking through BCWCA’s booth.) “Our trade is so misunderstood,” says BCWCA executive director Leesa Matwick. “Every single person thought we were carpentry— we’re working to see the organization be better understood and recognized.”
The organization is also working to review its curriculum for the wall and ceiling training program. “Drywall finishing is in a bit of trouble right now,” she explains. “The Industry Training Authority was going to dump the program, but our instructor, Stuart Baird, says he’s managed to convince them to hold on, and he’s going to drum enthusiasm back in.” In terms of working conditions, Matwick has been hearing frustration from her members about last-minute changes that they’re seeing to jobs within hours of closing. “It makes their bid not relevant, or they toss it out because it doesn’t include the right pricing,” she explains. “We’ve been asked by one of our members to look into this—there really aren’t any rules or regulations about this right now.” Prompt payment continues to be an issue in the industry, as many contractors are left waiting for the general contractor to receive a cheque before they’re paid out— which can mean months. The BCWCA,
VCRA, and the BCCA have been actively lobbying for effective legislation to protect contractors, ensuring that they’re paid in a timely and fair manner. The BCCA’s McLachlan also notes that they’d like to see policy introduced that requires fair and transparent procurement practices on all public sector projects. “We’re working closely with sector leaders and the Deputy Ministers from BC government’s large infrastructure ministries on a number of policies that will strengthen the industry and benefit taxpayers.” Overall, though, the future looks bright, with Canada becoming a world power in construction. “Oxford Economics, an international economic think tank, says Canada currently has the fifth-largest construction industry, next to China, the US, India, and Japan,” says Atkinson. “That’s saying something for a population the size of Canada.”
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wallandceiling.ca » December 2014 / January 2015 » 9
START
DRYWALL
history
We probably take it for granted, but gypsum building materials have a long and beaming legacy in history from Ancient Egypt to the modern day. Read on to find out how North America’s favourite building material rose from the ashes to change the way we look at walls and ceilings.
3700 BC Ancient Egyptians burn gypsum in open air fires to produce gypsum blocks and plaster, which is applied over woven straw lath in constructing the Pyramid of Cheops. Plaster was also used by Greeks and Romans in architecture and decorative sculpture.
1880 A composite product made of layers of thin plaster placed between four plies of wood felt paper was invented by Augustine Sackett and Fred Kane and later patented as “Sackett Board.” The finish was not ideal for a wall surface, but it was an excellent base for gypsum and would soon replace lath and plaster in many applications.
1930 The Gypsum Association is founded by 12 gypsum producers.
1986 Vancouver’s New West Gypsum begins a legacy of drywall recycling that, to date, equals close to five million metric tonnes of wet and dry gypsum wallboard material.
1200 BC King Minos of Crete uses gypsum to help construct his palace.
Middle Ages Gypsum appears in alabaster used for revered sculpture and architectural art. People cover walls and ceilings with multiple layers of wet plaster over thousands of wooden strips called laths. The process was timeconsuming and difficult to do well, requiring highly skilled and well-respected craftsmen to do the job.
1893 Gypsum and plaster is used to finish the exterior of the Chicago World’s Columbian Exposition, creating the largest order of gypsum plaster used to that date.
1939-1945 World War II: With America’s labour force focused on the war efforts, the demand for inexpensive building supplies grew. No one could afford plaster anymore, so it was drywall’s time to shine. Using efficient, low-cost products was considered patriotic because it freed up more time to focus on the War.
1990s Entire board production facilities dedicated solely to using synthetic by-product gypsum for board manufacturing.
1902 Thirty independent gypsum rock and plaster manufacturing companies merged to form the United States Gypsum Company (USG).
1950s Gypsum innovates! Additional fire tests, the development of special fasteners for board attachment, curved and studless partitions, sound control systems, and light-weight gypsum systems fuel a boom in residential and commercial gypsum use.
2006
!
Drywall imported from China is deemed toxic by the American Agency for Toxic Substances & Disease Registry, but Canada manages to stay clear of the tainted products.
Sources: http://home.howstuffworks.com/drywall1.htm, http://www.gtadrywalldelivery.com/learn-drywall-history.asp, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drywall, http://www.oren-usa.com/ page2.html, Http://www.usg.com/content/usgcom/en/about-usg/company-overview/history-of-usg.html, http://www.tsib.org/pdf/plaster-assemblies-chapter-01-history-of-lath-andplaster.pdf
1700s Ben Franklin brought to the US the concept of using gypsum as a soil additive for agriculture.
1909 USG buys out the Sackett Plaster Board Company and its flagship plaster and paper product, Sackett Board.
1955 Roughly 55% of new homes are built with gypsum board; the rest use lath and plaster.
2007 USG's net drywall sales top $5 billion.
Late 1700s French chemist Lavoisier spearheads research that is later coupled with huge gypsum discoveries in gypsum to widely commercialize Paster of Paris as a building material.
1916 Sheetrock drywall invented by USG. It is sold as small, fireproof tiles, but over the next couple of years, evolves into multi-layer gypsum sheets.
1960-70s Industry focused on expanding wallboard use in high-rises and commercial buildings, prompting the development of shaftwall and moveable partition systems, and improved type X core gypsum products.
2012 The US implements the Drywall Safety Act, which introduces imitations on elemental sulphur content in drywall. Some contest the Act citing insufficient science to back up its relevance.
1792 Large gypsum beds were discovered in New York State, which meant the US no longer had to import of the substance from Nova Scotia.
1920s Drywall is considered a cheap fix without the glory and art associated with plaster. People stuck with plastered homes because they thought drywall meant shoddy construction.
1970 Chicago's John Hancock Center is completed with gypsum board on all 100 floors.
2014 BC Wall and Ceiling Association proudly represents the drywall trade at the Skills Canada competition in Abbotsford for the first time ever.
wallandceiling.ca Âť December 2014 / January 2015 Âť 11
Labour Solutions
ON THE WAY
Photo credit: 123RF.com
By / Jessica Kirby
The Industry Training Authority (ITA) and WorkSafeBC are tackling the looming labour shortage with an online Apprentice Job Match tool aimed at connecting apprentices and employers across BC.
F
orecasts estimate that by 2022, the province will have approximately one million job openings—68 per cent due to retirements and the rest because of new opportunities in natural resource development industries like liquefied natural gas (LNG), mining, and forestry, along with expansions and new projects in shipbuilding and transportation. There are currently 37,000 apprentices in BC and 9,400 employer sponsors. Although the ITA isn’t sure of the exact number of apprentices in need of employer sponsors, the organization completed a province-wide apprenticeship support consultation at the end of 2013 and one clear indicator was the need for an online tool to match apprentices with employers and vice versa, said ITA CEO, Gary Herman.
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“The need for sponsors is across the board,” said Herman. “Of all the employers available to skilled trades, only one in five employ apprentices.” Apprentices spend 80 per cent of their journeys in practical training under the guidance of an experienced tradesperson employer. With this in mind, it is essential that both parties overcome barriers to apprentice job matching. Employer Initiative “You can only get apprentices from three places,” said Herman. “Grow your own, poach them from others, or import them. We need more employers who are willing to grow more of their own.”
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And this is the biggest challenge to finding employer sponsors: a lack of employers willing to step up and take on the job of training people. “Many people would rather hire a Red Seal or someone who has a certificate of qualification already,” said Herman. “They don’t think they can invest the time to support apprentices because they aren’t sure about the future.” Other employers say they don’t want to invest in apprentices who they feel will just leave to go work for someone else who pays more, said Herman. “That isn’t necessarily true. Most of the time they stay where there is loyalty and where employers have invested in them. They will stay and give back and grow with the business.” That said, there is a group of BC employers who Herman said, “really get it.” “Every year they use apprentices as a specific percentage of their overall workforce because they see it as an investment in their businesses,” he said. “It is about tailoring them to the needs of your own company and that shows a lot of loyalty.” Career Investment LNG, forestry, construction, shipbuilding, and mining are all “hot industries” right now, and there are tax incentives in place for both employers and apprentices to help get the ball rolling, said Herman.
wallandceiling.ca » December 2014 / January 2015 » 13
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Since there are no compulsory trades in BC, the decision to seek qualification and to take on apprentices comes down to skill building and investing long term in a better workforce. “It really comes down to investing in people to say we want them credentialled, or investing in a person’s own career,” he said, adding that it is as much about people making the decision to commit to trades training. Some tradespeople choose not to seek a certificate of qualification, but Herman said this decision doesn’t take into account a broad view of the province’s labour situation. “Many larger companies in the north, for instance, specify people with a Red Seal or certificate of qualifications,” he said. “So if people say they don’t need their qualifications, I think that is shortsighted because it is a longer-term investment in their careers. According to a long-term employment forecast from WorkSafeBC, between 2012 and 2022, BC’s two northern regions expect a combined 14,500 new job openings due to economic growth and 23,900 job openings to take the place of retirees. Things also work a little differently in the north. “If you look at carpenters in the residential construction industry, for instance, in the north they want a builder who can erect a building from start to finish,” said Herman, “whereas in the south it is a
“At the end of the day, the success of BC’s future workforce rests on developing support and encouragement for skilled trades development.”
production line system with one trade following another. That means that in the north, they need Red Seals who can build start to finish.” Apprenticeship Recognition Launch of the Apprentice Job Match tool coincided with the provincial government’s proclamation of November 7 as Apprenticeship Recognition Day, which raises awareness around developing a highly trained and skilled workforce in key sectors of BC’s growing economy. The Apprentice Job Match tool was launched in Nanaimo at Vancouver Island University (VIU) where Foundation program students, local employers, and other industry stakeholders joined ITA to learn more about how the tool works, and how it can assist them in their job or apprentice search. “Practical, hands-on apprenticeships are a key component of skilled trades training,” said Guy Ellis, Dean of Trades and Applied Technology at Vancouver Island University. “VIU is proud to be a part of the launch of an important new tool that will make it easier for our skilled trades students to learn about potential employers and apprenticeship opportunities across BC.”
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At the end of the day, said Herman, the success of BC’s future workforce rests on developing support and encouragement for skilled trades development. “The only person who is going to manage your career is you,” he said. “That is the bottom line. “And there has been no better time in the history of BC to be pursuing a career in the skilled trades.” For more information or to view the Apprentice Job Match Tool, please visit http://www.workbc.ca/Job-Seekers/Trades-andApprenticeship.aspx.
Serving the wall & ceiling industry since 1953 • www.wallandceiling.ca • December 2014 / January 2015
Construction Outlook 2015 in this issue:
Drywall History Labour Solutions Montecito North Cinemacity
Have you booked your ad space in The Trowel magazine for 2015? Call Christina Tranberg today at 1.877.755.2762 or email ctranberg@pointonemedia.com
Publications Mail / Agreement # 40719512
wallandceiling.ca » December 2014 / January 2015 » 15
■ MONTICITO NORTH project SPOTLIGHT
Montecito Nort
h
Photo courtesy of James Hardie Building Products
Approximately 12,000 square feet of Hardie Plank and 1,900 linear feet of trim created a seamless, weatherproof, and resilient facade at Montecito North in Abbotsford. Owner: Abbotsford Apartments
Installation contractor: Apollo Exteriors
Architect: Focus Architecture
Square Footage: 58,374 sq ft
Envelope contractor: Level 5 Consulting
Location: 23123 George Ferguson Way, Abbotsford, BC
The
six-storey, 58,374-square-foot multi-unit rental building was a a new build that required a weatherproof and resilient facade. As a wood-framed structure, it also required a non-combustible wall assembly.
Concrete floorplates posed a challenge to the installation team, said Wiebe. “Because they were made of concrete, the rainscreen cavity had to be installed over the concrete floor plates in order to keep the plane of the cladding consistent.”
“James Hardie products will not ignite when exposed to direct flame or contribute fuel to a fire,” said Kevin Wiebe, CEO of Marshall Pacific Development Corp.
This also required the use of concrete fasteners instead of pneumatic fasteners, since any overshooting of the screws would have destroyed the fiber cement siding.
“The durability of James Hardie also made it the best exterior siding choice. With this building primarily consisting of rental units, fiber cement siding had a low maintenance cycle on top of being a more substantial product than other alternatives.”
Wiebe said the design and installation exceeded expectations and has had a great response from developers and tradespeople alike.
The siding was pneumatically fastened with 2 ¼” galvanized ring nails over top of a ½” rain screen cavity. The facade uses a proprietary multi-coat, baked on colour finish for a consistent, faderesistant finish that eliminates the need for field-applied paint. 16 » The Trowel
“The owner relays that the building was rented at 100 percent in four months, and a similar design is well underway in a new location,” he said. ■
around the WORLD
Innovation at CINEMACITY Beirut, Lebanon
Project: Cinemacity Location: Beirut, Lebanon Owner: Prime Pictures & Empire Cinemas Acoustic Consultant: Acoustiblok Architect: Nabil Da Da & Associates Exterior architecture: Velode et Pistre Product / Manufacturer: Acoustiblok
Acoustiblok, Inc.
recently completed an innovative international project for a ground-breaking cinema complex in Beirut, Lebanon. Cinemacity is a 300-square-foot complex in the heart of the city. The compound includes 14 high-end cinema theatres, two of which are VIP, and all of which are equipped with cutting-edge technology. It holds 2,400 seats and is covered by a dome lined with 256 LED screens, which continue down a long corridor leading to the lower level theatres. Projections of incredible visual graphics and numerous uses of light on the escalators and walkways are designed to transport movie goers to another world during their stay in the complex. The building also includes restaurants and coffee shops found throughout its three levels.
Photo courtesy of Acoustiblok The project’s $25 million budget included a high-end acoustic installation to ensure state-of-the-art sound throughout the complex. Shawn Saathoff, vice-president of Acoustiblok, was the chief acoustic consultant on the project in collaboration with architects, Da Da & Associates. Saathoff worked directly with Nabil Da Da and Issam Bassil of Da Da & Associates to develop an acoustic solution that responds to the distinctive external architecture of the cinema by modifying the internal volumes and seamlessly integrating cutting-edge technology to create a young and vibrant atmosphere. “The first step was to achieve the highest levels of sound isolation from cinema to cinema,” said Saathoff. “The second challenge was to achieve intelligible localization of dialogue and a seamless envelopment of the surround field in each and every cinema.” To achieve optimum noise and sound isolation, a “box in a box” construction technique was utilized for each of the 14 theatres. A box in a box structure is basically an independent structure isolated from the main building’s structural foundation. Each theatre required mechanically isolated floating floors, mechanically isolated floating walls, and mechanically isolated spring hung ceiling assemblies. Acoustiblok 4.88 isolation membrane was used in the construction of the walls, floors, and ceilings to attain maximum airborne sound isolation. wallandceiling.ca » December 2014 / January 2015 » 17
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AROUND THE WORLD
All of these particulars are behind the elaborately detailed interior elements, which were strategically designed to enhance the cinematic experience. First reflections were controlled, surround envelopment was engineered, and picture quality was enhanced by eliminating distractive boundary reflections off the ceilings. The bar and concession area was also custom designed with QuietFiber® absorption materials that span the entire complex to reduce reflection build up and create a plush and inviting environment, all while accenting the vision of cutting edge technology in a contemporary space. “Were the customers happy? Emphatically,” said Saathoff. “In terms of performance, the cinema exceeded expectations, ticket sales shot
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up to 3,000 tickets per day, and it was a new record in the region for such a short period of time.” Acoustiblok sound deadening material was used because it dramatically reduces the sound transmissions through cinema walls, ceilings, and floors. The unique linear attenuation created when Acoustiblok material is added to gypsum assemblies provides enhanced noise isolation at the same frequency ranges where gypsum inherently has deficiencies. These frequency ranges are still apparent with as many as four layers of gypsum applied to a wall assembly. Acoustiblok changes the internal damping of the wall, adding essential mass and enhancing the flexibility and stiffness and changing the natural resonance of the structure. Acoustiblok has a more linear transmission loss than that of multiple layers of gypsum or hybrid gypsum designs encompassing adhesives. Independent lab tests show that one thin 1/8 inch layer of Acoustiblok added to a stud wall can reduce more sound than 12 inches of poured concrete. Rather than attempting to block or absorb sound Acoustiblok material transforms sound energy into inaudible internal friction energy as the soft heavy material flexes from sound waves and behaves virtually the same as lead without the environmental problems or costs. Acoustiblok’s non fiberglass QuietFiber® has been utilized in numerous theater constructions in conjunction with Acoustiblok material to increase the STC and also in the public areas to absorb as much noise as possible. Non-fiberglass QuietFiber® is rated at the highest noise reduction coefficient (NRC), 1.00”. It’s also fireproof, totally hydrophobic, non fiberglass, washable, non-deteriorating, and mold and mildew-proof. Quiet Fiber is UL rated for floor, wall, and ceilings applications, is 100 per cent recyclable, and is 100 per cent made in the USA. Lahnie Johnson, president and founder of Acoustiblok said, “We are very pleased with the success of the Cinemacity project. This was a huge endeavour that took over three years to complete. It is now the new benchmark for future cinemaplexes across the world. We have the ingenuity, experience, and materials to create a state-of-the-art sound experience in any theatre regardless of size.” ■
feature FOCUS General Wrench Safety Tips Use the correct wrench for the job. • Discard damaged wrenches with spread jaws or broken points. • Select the correct jaw size to avoid slippage. • Wear safety glasses or a face shield where there is a likely hazard of flying particles or falling debris. • Position yourself to avoid losing balance in the event the wrench slips or something breaks. • Stand aside when work is done overhead. • Keep tools well-maintained. • Clean and place wrenches in a tool box, rack, or belt after use.
Serpent Wrench to Expand Functionality in 2015 By / Brad Christian Following the success of the Serpent Wrench across Canada, CTInnovations will continue its momentum through 2015 by broadening its tool capabilities, reducing costs, and furthering distribution into the US market. The Serpent Wrench was developed to meet a need for simplification and ease of use in suspended ceiling installations, and to reduce the risk of injury and fatigue while saving time and money. Current suspended ceiling installations can require several steps and tools to complete the process. Typically, at least two separate tools are needed to twist, bend, cut, and adjust the suspended wire. This process is simplified using the Serpent Wrench, and CTInnovations is innovating to completely eliminate the need for superfluous tools. In 2015, CTInnovations will further evolve the Serpent Wrench into a single, multi-use tool, encompassing all of the necessary functions for proper ceiling grid installation. By incorporating multiple functions into one tool, the installer will benefit by getting ceilings finished faster, therefore, reducing
employers’ costs in time and tool expenditure. Following its company mandate of creating products that increase efficiency and reduce injury for the end user, CTInnovations will continue to address the challenges of cost, process, and distribution to improve upon its flagship product, The Serpent Wrench. ■
Safety Tips Source: Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety http://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/safety_haz/hand_tools/wrenches.html
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wallandceiling.ca » December 2014 / January 2015 » 19
feature FOCUS Trim Highlights Fiber Cement Panels by / Justine Shaffer In the past 10 years fiber cement siding has seen an upsurge in production as industry specialists and homeowners alike are recognizing it as a leader in value and durability. Its ease of maintenance and appealling aesthetics make fiber cement siding one of the more sought after siding choices. JamesHardie has emerged as one of the leading manufacturers of fiber cement siding with that company’s HardiePanel, HardiePlank, and Hardie Shingle lines. JamesHardie’s options for fiber cement siding, sometimes known as HardieBoard, are all extremely resistant to external forces, including pests and the elements. Flannery has been selling trims that enhance the design of cement panels by allowing for horizontal and vertical trim lines between fiber cement panels. These trims also allow for the blending of different materials without breaking up the overall streamlined look of the design. Flannery’s Cement Panel F-Mold is the perfect choice to use when combining fiber cement panels with other materials on the same project. The Cement Panel F-Mold is an attractive alternative to butting one cement panel to a dissimilar wall, door, or window frame.
Fiber Cement 101 Fiber cement is made from a mixture of sand, Portland cement, and other fibrous material like wood fiber or cellulose fiber. • The entire mixture is formed into sheets that undergo a process of being cured with pressurized steam. •
Another great addition to a fiber cement siding job would be Flannery’s Cement Panel Drip Cap, which has a dual purpose of adding aesthetics and moving moisture away from behind panels. Flannery’s Cement Panel Drip Cap is a horizontal edge trim that creates an aesthetic reveal where a cement panel is installed over a door or window. These are just two of the many trims in Flannery’s Cement Panel Line. Flannery has more than 12 different profiles of trims compatible with fiber cement siding. Quality aluminum trims coupled with the durability of fiber cement siding will provide many projects with the beauty and peace of mind that most building owners covet. ■
Known as autoclaving, this process helps the sheets gain dimensional stability and further strength. • Although cement usually develops cracks over time, this problem is avoided with the use of fibers. • Fiber cement is durable and can be used in all geographical regions and weather conditions. • The material is largely resistant to wind storms, extreme heat, bitter freezing, mildew, fungus, and termites.
Cement Fiber Source: Life is a Puzzle http://www.4apuzzle.com/home/some-facts-about-fiber-cement-siding/
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contractors’ advice Life, Death, and the Human Element Of all the things I do in my professional career, this is my least favourite: the phone rings, and like so many times before – more times than I can remember – a contractor is on the other end of the line. Even before he spills the details, I can tell by the tone of his voice that something is very wrong. I don’t know how it all started, really, but as the CEO of a large California contractors’ association for the past 27 years, I have turned into the reluctant go-to guy whenever there is a serious accident, injury, or fatality on one of my members’ jobs. I am one of the first to be consulted. It’s a ringside seat to something you never want to see or experience, but over time, you build up a kind of resistance; you form some tough emotional scar tissue. As a result, I have developed a keen sense of what should be done at that exact moment. I have learned how to set the proper emotional tone—how to help manage the shock, anxiety, and grief the contractor is feeling while, at the same time, take whatever urgent, pragmatic actions are necessary. Also, I have gained insight into the true benefits of safe construction operations and, sadly, what can happen when those high standards aren’t met. So, based on my experience, I would like to share a few strategies for safer operations in our industry. What I want to emphasize in this article is the recognition of the human element—people’s feelings and their impact on safety. Feelings drive behaviour. Feelings help form values. Feelings create person-toperson understanding and behavioural norms. There’s no debate about it: most behaviour is driven by emotion and feelings. Logic and reason play a significant role, but if you want the most reliable motivator of behaviour, look at feelings and emotion. Bearing this fact
in mind, a safety culture must be more than the sum total of the policies, rules, training, consequences, incentives, and reports. An effective safety culture must stimulate positive feelings that will drive positive behaviour. What kinds of feelings and emotions might drive an effective safety culture? As a contractor, how about communicating the following to your crews: • Everyone is sincerely cared about by their employer—not just as workers, but as people. They hear it, see it, and feel it. In an environment that fosters this value system, workers are going to be more likely to emulate similar behaviours for and with each other. • Caring for one another is communicated (and demonstrated) from the owner of the company all the way down the supervisory chain of command. Foremen and other frontline supervisors are expected to take safety to a personal place with their crews. It is not just enforcing the company line; it is emphasizing care, empathy, loyalty, and support. The culture message is simple: care about the other guy even if you don’t like him. Peer-to-peer safety accountability can also be driven by loyalty to one another, an ethos based on empathy and not disciplinary consequence.
by / Mark Breslin
Cops, military, and others who work in harm’s way most often have the “got your back” mindset. It needs to be the same within our industry as well. • A true understanding of the human cost of failure. These feelings can be sadness, regret, apprehension, and even fear. Reckless, short-sighted, or stupid jobsite behaviours need to be balanced against the consequences. In a macho, male-dominated industry, risk-taking behaviours often do not take into account the terrible ripple effect of a bad compromise. I taught safety courses for around ten years. In all my classes I would ask those who had seen a bad accident on the job to raise their hands. Over 50 per cent of those in the class had that experience. I would then ask them to share what they saw, how they felt, and if it changed them. Hearing them speak from the heart riveted the class. This was the most powerful part of any of the course content, and the part Continued on page 23
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it’s the law Extra Work: A Cautionary Tale If parties to a fixed-price contract have agreed that extra work will be performed but fail to agree on the terms for payment, the Court will likely impose a “reasonable” price for the work. As this recent BC Supreme Court case demonstrates, this can vastly reduce the amount that a construction company would otherwise be entitled to for extra work if they had followed a proper change order procedure. Facts Hugh’s Contracting Ltd. (“HCL”) won the bid to restore Ms. Stevens’ home after it was damaged by a fire. The contract was a fixed-price contract for a total amount of approximately $434,000, which would be paid by Ms. Steven’s insurance company. However, HCL and Ms. Stevens agreed that some extra renovation work would be done by HCL, beyond the scope of what was contained in the contract. This extra work would be paid for by Ms. Stevens. HCL and Ms. Stevens included a clause in the contract that provided that no changes to the work would be made without a written change order signed by both parties. However, nearly all of Ms. Steven’s numerous requests for changes over the course of the project were only agreed to verbally.
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by / By Ian Moes and Amelia Cline Kuhn & Company
A dispute arose between HCL and Ms. Stevens when HCL provided her with an invoice for extra work totaling approximately $168,000. Most of the charges on the invoice had not been previously discussed or agreed to. Although she disputed the invoice, Ms. Stevens paid HCL $110,000 because she was concerned the company would not otherwise continue with the work. When Ms. Stevens refused to pay the outstanding balance, HCL refused to continue the work and removed all of the materials from the project site. They sued for the balance and Ms. Stevens counterclaimed for breach of contract. Issue How much did Ms. Stevens owe HCL for the extra work performed? Court Decision The Court found that while the parties both contemplated that there would be renovation work done on the project that was in addition to the restoration work, the parties never came to an agreement about the scope or cost of that additional work. Rather than following the change order procedure contained in the contract, the extras were carried out essentially on an ad hoc basis. As a result, the Court ruled that the costs of the extras were to be assessed on a quantum meruit basis. Quantum meruit, as the Court stated, is a principle of contract interpretation which holds that if the parties to a valid contract have failed to provide for the terms
of payment, they may be presumed to have intended that a reasonable price would be paid. The Court then decides what a “reasonable” price should be, based on the circumstances. In this case, what the Court decided was a reasonable price for the extras was dramatically lower than what HCL had claimed for. HCL claimed that a balance was outstanding of $231,000, factoring in the original contract price plus the extras, less the amount paid by the insurance company. The Court went through each element of the claim, and ultimately ruled that HCL was entitled to $126,000 in uninsured costs. However, this amount was further offset by Ms. Steven’s previous payment of $110,000 to HCL, leaving a balance of $16,000. Adding insult to injury, Ms. Stevens had counterclaimed for damages for HCL’s breach of the contract. The Court found in her favour, and ruled that she was entitled to judgment in the amount of $25,000. As a result, HCL was left owing Ms. Stevens nearly $10,000. Lessons Learned This case is a cautionary tale for contractors, and highlights the issues that can arise when they fail to communicate with homeowners and to properly document any extra work undertaken on a fixed-price contract. In order to avoid these unfortunate circumstances, the best practice is not only to have a procedure for written change orders built into the contract, Continued on page 23
contractor advice
Continued from page 21
that I believe changed behaviours more than anything else I said. All of these are examples of what is often missing from the safety message. Workers in our industry are absolutely barraged with information, training, and reinforcement of safety as a priority. They will hear the messages thousands of times in their careers. But quantity alone does not get it done; the content and the delivery have to reach the person at a level where it leaves an imprint. And in an industry like ours, where focusing on “feelings” is generally categorized as a weakness, it can be a challenge for owners, managers, and foremen to consider this powerful and effective strategy. One of my contractor clients has, in my view, mastered this. His firm has
worked six million man-hours without a lost time injury. I simply could not believe it. As I dug deeper, past the training and policies and safety director’s capabilities, I discovered a common theme among every person I talked to. That they did it because they cared and because the company had driven that message home for years. They cared about the company. The company cared about them. They cared about each other. And they were really proud of it. They would call a guy out if he was out of line and not even think about it. They would create and sustain accountability—because they felt it was important.
citations, policies, training programs, or risk management policies. All these are means by which we collectively attempt to shape behaviours. To create a safe, positive, and mutually accountable workplace, an employer should harness the power of the human element. Make it personal by focusing not only on the head, but also on the heart. Convince people to be open to the idea of “being a brother’s or sister’s keeper” or having someone’s back with no compromises allowed. Building success in any venture or organization requires creating a shared belief system. Tapping into the human element at a personal level is one powerful way to do it. ■
In short, safety is not an end objective. It is a byproduct of the environment shaped by the shared values of the workers. It is not about binders, OSHA
Mark is noted as the number one speaker in the nation on construction leadership, strategy, and labour-management relations. He is also the author of five bestselling books that have created profound and positive change across the industry. He has spoken to and inspired more than 300,000 people during his career. Please view his latest book The Five Minute
Get Ready for the February / March Issue and Book Your Advertising Space Today If you’re interested in booking ad space in the next issue of The Trowel magazine contact Christina Tranberg at 1.877.755.2762 or email ctranberg@pointonemedia.com
Foreman or his collection of five at www.breslin.biz.
it’s the law Continued from page 22 but to actually use it, and to stipulate the scope and cost of the extra work. ■ This article was written by Ian C. Moes, a lawyer, and Amelia Cline, a law student, who practice in construction law with the law firm of Kuhn LLP. This
Advertiser Index Company
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Bailey Metals Products
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OBC
Coast Building Supplies Ltd.
604.590.0055
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Construx Tools & Innovations
416.300.9423
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Demand Products
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Flannery Trim
800.765.7585 20
Grabber Construction Products (Canada) Inc.
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Kinetics Noise Control
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Lumberworld Operations Ltd.
250.479.7151
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New West Gypsum Recycling
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SCAFCO Steel Stud Company
403.265.9005
IFC
Steeler Ltd (Delta BC)
877.678.6565
13
Sturdy Ladder Inc.
403.264.2934
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Trowel Trades Accessories Ltd.
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21
Wallworks Acoustic Architectural Products Inc. 877.829.2550
08
Winroc Corporation
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article is only intended as a guide and cannot cover every situation. It is important to get legal advice for specific situations. If you have any questions or comments about this case or other construction law matters, please contact us at 604.864.8877.
COMING NEXT ISSUE: • Technology • Tools • Material Innovations Book your space for next issue. Call 1.877.755.2762 or email ctranberg@ pointonemedia.com wallandceiling.ca » December 2014 / January 2015 » 23
24 » The Trowel