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THURSDAY• November 8, 2012
BUFFERING NATION:
HOW NETFLIX IS DEVOURING A THIRD OF INTERNET PEAK TRAFFIC
• JOSH HUTTON, Editor-in-Chief •
NETFLIX OWNS THE NIGHT
According to a report released from Sandvine, an Internet traffic-management systems company, Netflix now accounts for 33 percent of all downstream traffic in North America during the peak usage hours of 9 p.m. to 12 a.m. In comparison, Amazon video streamers only make up 1.8 percent of downstream traffic, and Hulu users claim 1.4 percent of downstream traffic. Upstream network traffic flows away from the local computer toward the remote destination. Conversely, downstream traffic flows to the user’s computer. Traffic on most networks flows in both upstream and downstream directions simultaneously, and often when data flows in one direction, network protocols often send control instructions in the opposite direction. For example uploading a photo or document to a server would be considered upstream traffic, whereas streaming or downloading a video would be considered downstream traffic. Sandvine has been following Netflix’s downstream traffic for four years. In that time substantial growth has been tracked. Two years ago Netflix claimed 20 percent of downstream traffic. In May 2011, the company went up to 30 percent. Sandvine expects Netflix to continue to dominate the Web’s traffic, saying it will generate “two times the bandwidth of YouTube and 10 times that of competing services” by 2015.
HOW MUCH IS TOO MUCH
Due to the popularity of video streaming and the amount of data it consumes, some Internet providers are beginning to cap the amount of bandwith users are allowed each month before their surfing speed slows or their Internet is cut off. Monthly bandwith consumption is a crude way to measure a user’s contribution to congestion. Peak demand occurs in the evening when people are home watching videos. Someone who works from home during the day and uses a great deal of bandwith, but this more than likely will have a negligible effect on other users, keeping Internet speeds consistent. The first company to do this was Comcast in 2008. They set their cap at 250 gigabytes per month. “More than 99 percent of our customers don’t even come close to using 250 GB of data in a month. Nationwide, our customers’ median data usage is four to six GB a month. 250 GB is an extraordinary amount of data and equivalent to downloading 62,500 songs or uploading 25,000 hi-res photos,” Charlie Douglas, a spokesperson for Comcast, said in an interview with tech site Venture Beat. In Netflix terms, 250 GB of data would be equivalent to 166 hours of HD video streaming. Following Comcast’s decision several wired Internet providers followed suit, including AT&T. Only one of the major four wireless providers, Sprint, has continued unlimited service to customers. The average American family watch-
THE BREAKING POINT
es 183 hours of television a month (28 hours a week) according to the A.C. Nielson Co. Cable and satellite subscriptions have dropped by 3.4 million in the last two years, according to paidContent, a nonprofit that tracks economics of digital content. This means more and more Americans are turning to digital providers like Netflix for their viewing. If more than 166 hours are viewed on streaming devices or personal computers, wired Internet providers with bandwith caps (Comcast, AT&T) may deny customers access to the Internet for exceeding those levels. Timothy Lee, a staff writer for ArsTechnica, argues that bandwith metered policies need to be more granular. “Congestion is only a problem at certain times of the day, they argue that usagebased billing should only be in effect at those times. Cell phone companies have long followed this approach for voice minutes—users are given a certain number of minutes each month for use during business hours. Cell phone providers offer unlimited voice minutes on nights and weekends when congestion isn’t a problem,” Lee said. Cloud services from Apple and Amazon have tried to alleviate some of the bandwith stress, but with cloud services being interrupted by Hurricane Sandy last week, it is unclear whether or not the cloud is a reliable answer to the problem.