IDA REPORT
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HOMAS REBESCHINI ONDON METROPOLITAN UNIVERSITY D 11033658 ODULE AR6003 INTEGRATED DESIGN AUDIT
CONTENT PAGE CULTURAL CONTEXT Introduction Site Background Wider context Historical Development The site The site Views Site Plan The Proposal Ground Floor Plan First Floor Plan Second Floor Plan Elevations Section Materials Foundations Walls Roof Managment, Practice and Law Building Regulations Part K Part M Part B Structure
STUDIO 1. THE CASS 2014-15 INTODUCTION The project aims to create a vivid and beautiful public space. This has to be well connected to the surrounding city through the introduction of one or more built interventions.
“Go beyond the surface understanding of the site through exploring the everyday life of the area and its past and present histories. Make carefully observed, measured drawings in order to gain an intimate understanding of the site and in which to accurately test design proposals. Bring your own experiences to the design, compare spaces you know at the same scale to
Interior View Sustainability
in the place, not forgetting how even the smallest, most modest proposal can contribute positively to the city.� Studio 1
SITE BACKGROUND In 1966 the Greater London Council decided to develop the site in Moxon Street. The Marylebone car park was acquired hoping to improve the slum area exhisting there. The idea was to propose an educational building, a district primary school, but the building schemes were never really taken under consideration. In 1991 the Council became the freehold owner of the car park and the site was no longer property of the London Residuary Body.
Picture of the site used as a parking space.
Untill August 2011 the area have been protected from any type of constructing work by the Secretary of State for Children, 2 Schools and Families; consequently, the land was considered ready for the disposal of the site by the council.
2 pm.
It is a chance to get good food coming from local farmers who can always attract people from far away. THE SITE TODAY The market takes place in the car park giving space to more than 30 stalls although cars have still the opportunity to park in a Nowadays it seems like this sapce is used as a proper parking lot reduced portion of the usual parking lot. from the people working in the area every day. There are many shops along Marylebone High Street which is house agencies.
WIDER CONTEXT Marylebone has an High Street very live and full of successful shops and restaurants. In this area it is indeed characteristic to on street. There are many small independent retailers and smaller scale cafes and restaurants which suggest a quite uniform yer rich appearence for the area of Marylebone. In terms of connection, the site is extremely well served by the local road network and it is within London Congestion Charging
Zone. The bus services are: Marylebone Road bus services 18, 27, 30, 205 and 453 and Baker Street bus services, 2, 13, 30, 74, 82, 113, 139, 189 and 247. itself in between plenty of zone 1 underground stations; Baker Street has Circle, Metropolitan, Hammersmith and City, Jubilee and Bakerloo lines; Regents Park has the Bakerloo line and Bond Street the Jubilee and Central lines.
STATION BAKER STREET STATION
SITE
BOND STREET STATION
OXFORD CIRCUS STATION
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT The site established in the latter part of the 18th Century, with Marylebone was absorbed into suburban West London. The established pattern of the gridded streets, squares and mews has remained a constant up to today. The site was established as an urban block with narrow terraced houses fronting all four sides. These houses largely remained on the site until 1966, with extensions added over time.
• None of these buildings were designed to be seen across an open space be seen obliquely • They are predominantly masonry with punched holes in facades for windows presentation to the street • With the exception of the Waitrose building, they are an honest construction of their age and typology On the bottom: Map of the site 1870s
During World War II the site was subject to minor bomb damage. The entire site was demolished in 1966 as part of slum clearance and earmarked for the development of a primary school. It has remained a surface car park since then. Whilst the street network has remained a constant for 250 years, the building plots have not. Over time sites have amalgamated Primary School, Faraday House and, most recently Waitrose. 1966 Prior to demolition, the site contained a uniform development of narrow row houses. Along Aybrook Street the houses were 4 storeys tall with more varied buildings on the opposite side of the road. Cramer Street was a residential street, with both sides consistent in alignment and height.
ELEVATIONS IN THE SITE The buildings that surround the site are of mixed character, age, quality and scale, with those to the north west along Aybrook Street being the tallest. Amongst this variety the following characteristics can be determined:
Elevations on the site. Top picture: Cramer street. Bottom: Aybrook Street
The site is bounded by Moxon, Cramer, Aybrook and St. Vincent Streets. It is set lower than surrounding streets and accessed via
the car park capacity is currently reduced to 95 due to temporary portacabin structures occupying the southern end of the site.
The dimension of the void are are 35m by 102m and the surrounding streets generally fall 1.5m north to south.
between the hours of 10am and 2pm. The market takes up the southern quarter of the site adjacent to St. Vincent Street, and has approximately 30 to 40 stalls.
The car park accommodates approximately 115 car parking spaces arranged in a herringbone layout in two aisles;
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Context map showing where the car park is
SITE VIEWS
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SITE PLAN
The proposal aims to create a new public space throught the introduction of few architectural interventions. The main focus is that of creating a space resembling the idea of a piazza on the north side of the site. The buildings consist in four blocks well disposed on the public void. the pecularity of having a sort of internal courtyard but most importantly they all have the ground which serves the same purpose. site and this is the main purpose on the buildings which is that of hosting the farmers during their activity.
structure under which they can be disposed. Another important feature to highlight is about the visibility of the building. By this the building is meant to be seen throgh the passing by the area can notice what is going on inside the buildings. their space, establishing themselves right on top of what they are promoting: ensuring that traditional food and biodiversity is preserved through the
Massing model. Proposed buildings in the site model scale 1:500
3 4 2 2 1 GROUND FLOOR PLAN 1. 2. 3. 4.
Market hall Entrance Corner building Toilets
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1 FIRST FLOOR PLAN 2. Conference room 3. Toilets
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SECOND FLOOR PLAN 2. Conference room 3. Lecture Room 4. Toilets
ELEVATIONS Here are shown the elevations of the designed building. I chose to design a building which represents the four blocks in the proposal.
Elevations. North facade On the next page from top down. East facade, West facade and South facade.
CONDIOTION OF THE SOIL After consultation with the engeneer the condition of the soil were acknowledged.
out that the condition of the soil starts to get better after 30 meters deep in the ground
Section 1:500 through the buildings going east-west facing Moxon street.
MATERIALS FOUNDATIONS Due to the condition of the soil in the site we were given, the decision about what type of foundation to use was made after consultation with
been used for my buildings: they have a depht of 30 meters in the ground and the material used is reinforced concrete.
Plan of the building designed. The foundations are shown in black. Scale 1.100.
MATERIALS WALLS
The pile foundations have the dimension of 400mm x 400mm and the steel reinforcement bars used have a diameter of 40mm
I chose to use concrete for the main structure of my buildings. The idea of having a food market at the which has to have a connection to the material surrounding the space. Food markets serve usually food at its raw hosting the market should follow the same principle. has in situ concrete walls and glass windows. exterior and interior side. This will allow the market to have a raw structure where raw food is sold. Regarding the insulation, walls at the ground space is intended to be almost an exterior space. the market which has not be confused with a building for supermarkets. The detail drawing here represented has been
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Klaus en kaan Architecten.
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1:10 DETAIL
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1. Concrete slab 250mm 2. concrete coloumn 400mm 3. Reincorment bars 40mm 4. reinforment bars 16 mm 5. Damp Proof Membrane
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6. 80mm air ventilation space
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3D view of the reinforment bar cage going throughout the whole foundation and coloumns.
8. Screed 60mm 9. Polished concrete 20 mm
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MATERIALS
1.10 DETAIL
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WALLS
1. Concrete 220mm 2. concrete 200mm
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3. Wool Insulation 4. Wall tie 5. Brick cladding 6. 10 mm mortar
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7. Thermal break 20mm polyurethane foam
also to match the surrounding buildings in the site, bricks have been used as cladding.
8. Insulation 70mm 9. 2mm plastic material separator 10. Screed with underheating pipes 60mm 11. Polished concrete
The structural frame still is the concrete which runs from the foundations up untill the roof level.
ROOF The decision of making a roof garden was made in connection with the idea of having a
1:10 DETAIL
architect.
530mmx530mmx40mm 2. Air break 3. Thermal insulation 4. Vapour barrier 5mm 5. Screed 30mm 6. Concrete 200mm
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7. Thermal break
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8. Double gazed window 9. Aluminium outer frame
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company so devoted to the cause of good food, makes this connection stronger.
The detail drawing here represented has been
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MATERIALS
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MATERIALS ROOFLIGHT The internal courtyard in each building needed a roof to cover the market underneath.
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taking inspiration from the work done in the Brockholes visitor centre in Preston by the architect Adam Khan.
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1:5 DETAIL 2. Treated SW plate
5. Actuator
MANAGEMENT, PRACTICE AND LAW
The client of the project is the Borough of Westminster which wanted for more than 20 years to rebuild the site. Regarding the users, the buildings have all a food market at their and the consumers, would be the users.
The design team will be formed by many specialists as the proposal occupies quite big void in the centre of London. The team needed to ensure the realisation of these public buildings will be formed at the early stages of the project so that an organized design approach can be set uo. The team will include: • Structural engineer • Landscape architect • Quantity surveyor • Access consultant • Planning consultant • Contractor • Client representative • Project manager
BUILDING REGULATIONS
wants to keep Aybrook street and Cramer street pedestrianised, only allowing access to delivery trucks/vans for the adjacent Waitrose and the farmer markets. Consultation with council representative will be necessary to ensure that the proposed interventions will bring the desired renovation of the new public space in Moxon street. A ground conditions survey will have to be done along with the planning application due to the poor condition of the soil in Marylebone. Historically the site was also crossed by the river Tyburne which makes considerations even more carefully needed.
The proposed building is designed to comply with Building Regulations Part K. There are two set of staircases. One in the corner building which is the main one and the one inside the market which is used as an emergency way out. The main staris have width of 1.5 meters, a rise of 170mm and a going of 300mm, Matching the requirements of the maximum rise and minimum going as stated in the regulations.
1000mm
The vertical height to the top of the handrail is 1000mm, complying to the regulations that allow a height between 900mm and 1100mm. 300mm show their location in the building. On the right. Staircase in the corner building.
The proposal will be funded by the council of Westminster, being as mentioned before the client and the owner of the area. The contract will be a Public Procurement 2000, with a two stage approach to early contractor/sub contractor appointments. A structural engineer will be consulted to ensure that the pile foundation and the reinforced concrete structure will be able to carry the loads.
170mm
BUILDING REGULATIONS
The building is designed to comply with Building Regulations Part M, Access to and use of buildings. access and the entranceses are layed down to have an easy circulation through the space, to the lift and to the staircases. The staircase in corner building complies with the building regulations part K and M, and the handrail is at 50mm distance from the wall. Across the building the layout provides an easy access to the unisex WC provided for disabled people. the lift and the disabled WC.
STRUCTURE The main strucure is made out of in-situ reinforced concrete where the dimensions of the coloumns and pile foundations are both 400mm x 400mm. reinforcments steel bars which allow the strucure to resist the both in tension and in compression.
BUILDING REGULATIONS
A 3D representation has been made to clearify how the structure is made. see the coloumns sostaining the above solid
The building is designed to comply with Building Regulations Part B, Fire Safety.
As mentioned before, the market hall is intented to be an external ends within the building. building regulations for the number of people using the building, as shown on the extracted approved document partB.
to the exterior of the concrete as cladding.
INTERIOR VIEW status so the concrete coloumns are exposed giving a sense of market space to the structure.
1. Exposed concrete 2. Glass 3. Moxon street (existing)
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SUSTAINABILITY
the possibility to place all the electrical cables under it, saving space an time for the installation.
Regarding the lighting the building has tall and wide windows which bring in all the natural light.
External brick
0.16 m2K/W
Cavity
0.18 m2K/W
Wool Insulation
0.036 m2K/W
Concrete
1.28 m2K/W
On the right top. Image from sustainability lecture On the right bottom. 3D view on the interiors 5000mm 3400mm 1200mm
2500mm
Total= 0.25 m2K/W continuous walls and this allows a lot of natural bentilation to come through the whole building. Below the section shows how natural cooling crosses the building
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS McLeod, V., 2007. Detail in Contemporary Residential Architecture Har/Cdr edition., London: Laurence King. Deplazes, A., 2008. Constructing Architecture: Materials, Processes, Structures; a Handbook 2nd Extended edition edition., Basel, Switzerland ; Boston, Mass: Birkhauser Verlag AG. Phillips, D. & Yamashita, M., 2012. Detail in Contemporary Concrete Architecture Har/Cdr edition., London: Laurence King Publishing. WEBSITES
http://www.planningportal.gov.uk/buildingregulations/approveddocuments/ partb/ [Accessed May 12, 2015]. Available at: http://www.planningportal.gov.uk/buildingregulations/ approveddocuments/partk/ [Accessed May 12, 2015].
approveddocuments/partm/ [Accessed May 12, 2015].