Brno and its churches 2018

Page 1

Churches

GUIDES TO BRNO CHURCHES

BRNO AND ITS


We offer a free guided tour in the marked churches (in Czech, English, and German) during the period from 14 June to 17 September. In the legend for each church, the days when the guide is present are marked in blue and the days when services are held are marked in brown.


Dear visitors to Brno, Our city has many important buildings that are well worth seeing. These also include sacred buildings. Religious tourism in general is an area that has much to offer to tourists. In the narrow radius of the Brno, city centre, you can find many churches, ranging from the Gothic to the functionalist and all with a unique atmosphere. For several years now, we have been bringing you the opportunity during the summer months to see the best and listen to information about them, presented by an experienced guide. This year, you can come see the Basilica of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary, Cathedral of Saints Peter and Paul, Church of St. John with Loreto, Church of St. James and Church of St. Michael. However, we would like to give you basic information about additional religious buildings, therefore we have included another 10 churches in this brochure that you can visit during opening hours for the public or attend a service. Jana Janulíková, TIC Director


Basilica of the Assumption of Our Lady This is rightly called a gem of Gothic architecture in Moravia. In 1323 the royal widow Eliška Rejčka founded a Cistercian convent called Aula Sanctae Mariae next to the older parish Church of Our Lady in Old Brno. After her death in 1335 Eliška Rejčka found her final resting place in the basilica. The spot is marked by the letter “E”, with a small crown in the paving of the church. In the 18th century, the interior of the church was rebuilt in the Baroque style. That period also witnessed the finishing of the Baroque buildings of the abbey. In 1783 the Emperor Joseph II ordered the Augustinians to move to Old Brno from their original monastery of St. Thomas, situated in what is now Moravské náměstí. The Augustinians also had the glorious “silver altar” built when the icon of the Black Madonna was crowned in 1736. At the Feast of the Assumption of Our Lady a pilgrimage is held every year in the basilica to worship her as the Protector of the City of Brno.

1 Mendel Square

Guided tours and services: 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun


guided

www.opatbrno.cz


Cathedral of St. Peter and Paul The latest scientific research puts the origins of the church on Petrov back to the 1170s. The church was rebuilt several times in the Gothic period. Around 1500, the consecration of St. Paul was added to the consecration of St. Peter. After being razed during the Thirty Years War, the church was reconstructed during two phases of the Baroque, in 1651–52 and 1743–46.

2 Petrov Guided tours and services: 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun

Tue 7:00 p.m. School year Thu 5:30 p.m. Pilgrimage Mass

A collegiate chapter was established at the church in 1296. When Pope Pius VI confirmed the establishment of the Brno diocese in 1777, the church of St Peter and Paul was promoted to cathedral. Besides the cathedral interior, visitors may see the Romanesque-Gothic crypt, which retains the foundations of the original church. In the treasury room there is an exhibition of vestments, monstrances and other liturgical articles. Visitors also like to climb the cathedral steeples to get a view of the city. The diocese museum houses an interesting exhibition of Vita Christi (Life of Christ).

Fri 5:30 p.m., Sun 9:00 a.m. Families Sun 7:30 a.m. Latin


guided

www.katedrala-petrov.cz


Church of St. James The oldest written mention of the Church of St. James in Brno dates back to 1228. The Romanesque church from the early 13th century was later replaced by a Gothic church. Construction of the three nave building, to which the famous builder A. Pilgram contributed, was interrupted by fire in April 1515. The restoration and extension of the church finished in 1592 with the completion of the tower. In the mid-18th century, the interior was rebuilt in the Baroque style; however, the Gothic appearance was restored in the years 1871–79. The work was carried out according to the designs of the Viennese architect H. Ferstel. At that time, the current appearance of the main altar was created. Noteworthy is the tomb of Marshal Louis Raduit de Souches, a successful commander in the defence of Brno during the siege by the Swedes in 1645, who was buried here. Another well-known tomb belongs to Regina Brem-Seisenegger von Tarnovice. It bears the coat of arms of the Čert family from Brno, showing the Pythagorean theorem designed by A. Dürer. Until the Josephine reforms in 1784, there was a cemetery around the church. For more than 500 years, it was the final resting place of wealthy burghers, famous artists and ordinary people.

3 Jakub Square Guided tours and services: 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun


guided

www.svatyjakubbrno.wz.cz


The Minorite Church of St. John and Loreto The church of St. John has changed its form many times throughout the centuries (the most fundamental reconstruction being undertaken by the Baroque master Moritz Grimm), but has always been a dominant structure in the city. The church has one nave with a prolonged chancel, which has been typical of mendicant orders, including the Minorites, since the Middle Ages. The internal decoration is the work of Johan Georg Schauberger and Johan Georg Etgens. The main altar is decorated by Josef Stern’s painting Adoration of the Virgin Mary. The Loreto Chapel is a building imitating the Holy House in Loreto, Italy. According to Christian legend, this was the place of the Annunciation of the Virgin Mary and home to the Holy Family. There is a replica of the Black Madonna of Loreto on the altar. The Loreto chapel includes the Holy Stairs, a copy of the Jerusalem steps which Jesus Christ stood on when being led to Pilate. The statues in the Loreto Chapel were made by J. J. Schauberger and the painting in the cupola celebrating the Virgin Mary is the work of F. G. I. Eckstein.

4 Minoritská Street Guided tours and services: 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun

Sun 6:00 a.m. Polish (2nd Sunday of the month)


guided

www.brno.minorite.cz


Church of St. Michael The history of the Church of St. Michael has been closely connected to the Dominican monastery, which hosted, among other activities, meetings of the Moravian provincial parliament. The church was witness to many important events that determined the course of history in the country. Today, visitors can see the church in its 17th century Baroque form. During this reconstruction the orientation of the church was changed, so unlike other churches the alter is faced west and the gallery is faced east. This altar and the baroque pulpit were designed and constructed by the sculptor J. Winterhalder sr. Another unique feature of the church is the entrance terrace lined with a row of Baroque statues of saints. The left oratory, accessed through the side entrance from Dominikánská Street, is currently an exhibition space of Brno’s Angelicum, with an exhibition of paintings and sculptures by contemporary artists.

5 Dominican Square Guided tours and services: 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun


guided

www.svatymichalbrno.cz


Capuchin Chapel of the Finding of the Holy Cross The Church of the Finding of the Holy Cross, together with the tomb which is hidden in the spaces beneath, are early Baroque structures built in a spirit of simplicity – typical for the architectural style of the Capuchin Order. However, the church and its attending monastery underwent extensive reconstruction in the Baroque style in the 18th century. Moritz Grimm and son conducted the work and are responsible for what we can see today. After very extensive renovations in 2004 the church was opened to the public. Now the space also host part of the Ars Moriendi Exhibition – paintings by the mid-17th century Prague artist showing the transience of existence. Inside you can see a miraculous painting of the Virgin Mary which, according to a legend, helped its former owner. Entering the narrow street beside the church, you find the Capuchin crypt. Here are hidden the bodies of friars and patrons of the order, now mummified after hundreds of years. The most famous person whose body rests there is Franz Trenck, the well-known commander of the feared pandoors and also the most famous Spilberk prisoner.

6 Capuchin Square Services and guided tours of the church and tomb for groups by appointment.

Church: 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun

Tomb:

april–october

5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun november–march

5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun

The tomb is closed: 14–16 April 2017 nd 24–26 December 2017


non - guided

www.kapucini.cz


Church of St. Thomas Originally this was the site of church and an Augustinian monastery, founded by Moravian Margrave John Henry in 1350, and intended as the last resting place of the Moravian branch of the Luxemburg dynasty. consecration, conducted by Archbishop Jan Očko of Vlašim, an Italian-Byzantine icon, which was worshipped as the St. Thomas Madonna or the Palladium of Brno and to which has been attributed numerous feats in protecting the city of Brno, was donated to the church. John Henry and his son are buried in this church. During the Hussite wars, the church was largely destroyed and burned out. The church also suffered greatly during the Swedish siege of the city. The monastery complex was in fact extended beyond the city walls, and therefore it was the weakest link of the whole fortification. In 1661, reconstruction under the leadership of architect Jan Baptist Erna began and the entire complex was rebuilt in the Baroque style. Another reconstruction took place in the 18th century under the leadership of Moritz Grimm. During the reign of Joseph II, the monastery was closed down and the Augustinians moved to the former Cistercian monastery in Old Brno. The church also suffered during World War II, when it almost burned down, and the Museum of the Labour Movement was installed in the former prelature in the 1950s. Today, these spaces house the Moravian Gallery.

7 Moravian Square Services: 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun

Wed 5:30 p.m. During the school year, this mass is intended for parents with children Sun 7:45 a.m. Latin


non - guided

www.svtomas.net


Jesuit Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary

8 Jezuitská Street Services: 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

A small Romanesque church dedicated to the Mother of God used to stand at the site of today’s Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary. It was rebuilt in the Gothic style around 1241 and served as a church of the newly established Augustinian order. Over the centuries the monastery suffered much damage and moral decay, before being taken over by the City of Brno in 1524. In 1578 the whole order was dissolved and its property appropriated by the Jesuits (Society of Jesus), who had been operating in Brno since 1572 and originally resided at Petrov. The original church was demolished in 1598–1602 and a completely new church was built in the construction in which the famous G. Gialdi was involved. In 1662–1668, the church was again rebuilt according to the designs of John Baptist Erna and in 1732–1733 to those of Moritz Grimm. The church served the Jesuits until 1773, when the order was dissolved by Pope Clement XIV. An academy of Olomouc then shortly operated in these spaces and eventually the building was used as military barracks. The whole complex was then demolished in 1904 and only the church remained. This was then severely damaged during the bombing of Brno in 1944. The gate to the so-called Cardinal’s Court has been preserved and has been transferred to today’s

Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun

Sun 12:15 p.m. English During the school year: 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun

Mozartová Street, where we can admire it today. The former monastery has given rise to the sumptuous homes built along the streets of Dvořakova, Mozartova, Beethovenova and Rooseveltova.


non - guided

www.jesuit.cz


Church of St. Mary Magdalene The church stands in the former Jewish quarter, its front probably occupying the site where a synagogue stood in the first half of the 15th century. Around 1454, the abandoned synagogue was rebuilt into the Church of Mary Magdalene. During the Swedish siege, when the Franciscans had to leave their monastery, they settled here. The church we find today was probably designed by Ondřej Erna. A monastery with a hospital and a pharmacy were built next to the church. During the reforms of Joseph II, the monastery was closed, the church became a parish church and the monastery was rebuilt as a military depot. Today’s appearance dates back to 1852, when the church was repaired after a fire had gutted the building. In 1912, the Eucharists settled down in the church and stayed there until 1951. In the 1990s, the church was entrusted to the Petrinis and after 2011 the diocese took over again. A confessional service, which is widely used, has been established since 2013.

9 Masarykova 31 Services: 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun

Sun 10:15 a.m. Greek Catholic liturgy in the Slavic language Sat After the morning mass, the church is closed until 5:00 p.m.


non - guided

www.mari-magdalena.cz


Church of St. Augustine The church was built between 1930–1935 by architect V. Fischer on the occasion of 1500 years since the death of St. Augustine, and a separate parish was established in 1938. The church has certain functionalist elements typical of architectural expression during the interwar period. With its tall tower, this brilliant white building has become a major reference point on the Brno skyline. A separate parish was then established in 1938.

10 Náměstí Míru 7 Services: 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun

Mon 7:35 a.m. School year, 7:00 a.m. summer holidays Wed 7:00 a.m. Summer holidays 6:00 p.m. School year Fri 7:00 a.m. First Friday of the month


non - guided

www.augustinbrno.cz


Hussite Congregation of the Czechoslovak Church The church was built on the site of a former cemetery in 1927 when it was bought by the Czechoslovak Hussite Church from the City of Brno. The Czechoslovak Church was founded in Brno in 1922. A design by Jan Višek succeeded in the architectural contest, one by Bohuslav Fuchs placed second. Both designs stood out for their simplicity in the functionalist style. In addition, they also expressed the principles of the Hussite Church – What is true is also good. What is true is also beautiful. The church was finally completed in 1927. The only decoration to be found by visitors on the church is the symbol of the Hussite faith, a communion cup; otherwise, the space is clean, simple and smooth. Originally, the church hall also contained an orchestra pit. Today, this space houses the Avia Restaurant.

11 Botanická 1 Services: 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun


non - guided

www.ccshbrno.cz


Church of St. Leopold The Church of St. Leopold is among the youngest Baroque churches in Brno. It is part of the Monastery of the Brothers of Charity, where there is also a pharmacy. The design for the building was created by the son of the famous architect Franz Grimm. First, a separate hospital was built and later also a church that formed the facade onto Videňská Street. The construction began in 1768. The Baroque style used in the construction was already strongly influenced by the emerging Classicism. The church was decorated with frescoes by the Brno painter Josef Stern. It was then consecrated in 1777. The church has been preserved in its original form to this day. In 1997–2004 it was completely reconstructed and the space is used more for cultural events such as concerts, etc.

12 Vídeňská 7 Services: 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun


non - guided

sal.milosrdni.cz


Church of St. Joseph The church was built in the early Baroque style in 1651–1653 by architect Pavel Weinberger. Originally part of the Franciscan monastery, after its closure the complex was handed over to the Ursulines, who ran School for girls here until 1950. However, the original Church of St. Joseph was located outside the then walls of Brno but it was torn down during the Thirty Years’ War and a new one was built on today’s Josefská street. In 2009, the church was handed over to the Greek Catholic Church, and it was newly consecrated in 2014.

13 Josefská 1 Services: 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun


non - guided

www.exarchat.cz


Orthodox Cathedral of St. Wenceslas The church was built on the proceeds of fundraising conducted in 1928. A search then followed to find a suitable place, and after several attempts land on the slopes of Špilberk was purchased. A design was created by P. Levický in 1929. In 1929, the foundation stone of the church was laid with the participation of Bishop Gorazd. The construction took two years. In 1931, the church was consecrated and became the spiritual centre of all those professing orthodoxy.

14 Gorazdova 8 Services: 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun

Weekday services are held irregularly; times can be found on the church noticeboard and on the website.


non - guided

http://mujweb.cz/pravoslavbrno/


Church of Jan Amos Comenius

15 Comenius Square Services: 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

The church is better known in Brno as the Red Church due to the red brickwork. The church was built in 1863–1865 based on a design by H. Ferstel, who also contributed to the construction of Vienna’s Ringstrasse. The construction of the church was strongly influenced by the north German Gothic style, which is characterised by such red brickwork. The church became the first large Christian non-Catholic place of worship in Brno and due to its excellent acoustics it is often used as a space for concerts of sacred music.

Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun

Schedule for every month available on the website listed below.


non - guided

http://brno1.evangnet.cz/


Photo: Studio Flusser The project was financially supported by the City of Brno.

Phone: 542 427 150 www.ticbrno.cz 2017


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Basilica of the Assumption of Our Lady Cathedral of St. Peter and Paul Church of St. James Church of St. John and Loreto Church of St. Michael Capuchin Chapel of the Finding of the Holy Cross Church of St. Thomas Jesuit Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary Church of St. Mary Magdalene Church of St. Augustine Hussite Congregation of the Czechoslovak Church Church of St. Leopold Church of St. Joseph Orthodox Cathedral of St. Wenceslas Church of Jan Amos Comenius



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