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Today we will all agree that the problem of unsolicited robocalls has gotten so bad that many of us now refuse to pick up calls from numbers we don’t know. It’s become a defense of last resort in an increasingly frustrating situation that’s led to nearly 25 million Americans becoming victims of fraud. By next year, it’s estimated that half of the calls we receive will be scams, but even more worrisome, 90% of those calls will be “spoofed” — falsely appearing as if they’re coming from a familiar number in your contact book. The government is finally waking up to the severity of the issue by funding and developing a suite of tools, apps and approaches intended to prevent the scammers from getting through. Unfortunately, it’s too little too late. By the time these “solutions” become widely available, scammers will have moved onto radically more
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sophisticated tactics. In the near future, it’s not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt. You will soon also question whether the voice you’re hearing is actually real. The reason is that there are a series of powerful voice manipulation, impersonation and automation technologies about to become widely available for anyone to use. Gone are the robotic-sounding voice changers of yesterday. With machine learning, software can now understand and mimic the intonations, speaking style, and emotions we use in our daily conversations. And we may already be past the point where we are able to tell whether there’s a human being or a bot on the other end of the phone. At this year’s Google’s I/O Conference, the company demonstrated a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing humansounding voice, it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection. Then we saw Buzzfeed reporter Charlie Warzel use a free program called Lyrebird to create an “avatar” of his voice by reading phrases into a program for an hour that was good enough to fool his own mother. As these systems collect more data and as they evolve, they will require fewer and shorter audio clips to make believable replicas. Take Chinese tech giant Baidu’s progress. In developing its text-tospeech technology named DeepVoice. When the first version was released in early 2017, it was capable of assembling short sentences that sounded quite realistic, but required hours of recordings and could only process a single voice. Two releases later, the software is now capable of processing thousands of different voices and requires only 30 minutes of training data. These leapfrogging developments threaten to make our current frustrations with robocalls much worse. The reason that newly developed robocalling is of dire concern has less to do with volume than precision. Consider, a decade of chronic personal information data breaches has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother’s maiden name, and
This Tidbits® is published by Falcon Prince Inc., a Minnesota Corporation, under licensing agreement with Tidbits® Media Inc., Montgomery, AL www.tidbitsmedia.com Tidbits® or the North Metro: Email: dean@realbits.com ● www.tidbitstwincities.com ● Phone: 763-218-0033
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far more. Armed with this knowledge, they are motivated to carry out largescale, and individually targeted campaigns to deceive people when and where they are most vulnerable. This means, for instance, that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and then talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller’s, saying they’ve found suspicious activity on your account. You’re then tricked into “confirming” your address, mother’s maiden name, card number and PIN number. Scammers follow the money, so companies will be the worst hit. A lot of business is still done over the phone, and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships. Voice manipulation technologies threaten to undermine that — imagine the employees of a large corporation receiving a call from what sounds like the head of the accounting department asking to verify their payroll information. There are few existing safeguards to protect against the confusion, doubt and chaos that falsified computerized speech will create. We may soon witness it being used to make bomb threats and calls to the police in the voice of others — and there’s going to be frightening new types of extortion attempts. We’ve seen how disinformation campaigns have destroyed the credibility of our media networks; if we are not careful the same thing could happen with voice-based communication in our personal lives too. We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks and the outdated systems of authentication and filtering now! Phone carriers, federal agencies and consumers need to work together and find ways of determining and communicating what is real. That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos, images and audio with a tag showing when and who they were made by. It might mean abandoning phone calls altogether and moving toward data-based communications — using apps like FaceTime Audio or WhatsApp, which use strong encryption and can be tied to your identity. Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose, and the problem is only going to get harder from here on out. Welcome to the Digital Age...
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▲ On Oct. 31, 1517, priest and scholar Martin Luther nails his 95 revolutionary opinions to the door of the Castle Church in Wittenberg, Germany. In his theses, Luther condemned the excesses and corruption of the Roman Catholic Church, especially the papal practice of asking for payment -- called “indulgences” -- for the forgiveness of sins.
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▲ On Oct. 29, 1929, Black Tuesday hits Wall Street as investors trade 16,410,030 shares on the New York Stock Exchange in a single day. Billions of dollars were lost, wiping out thousands of investors. The industrialized world spiraled downward into the Great Depression.
▲ On Nov. 3, 1964, residents of the District of Columbia cast their ballots in a presidential election for the first time. Passage of the 23rd Amendment in 1961 with the Allies. The First World War left 9 million WBA fight in Las Vegas. Foreman retired in 1997 with gave citizens of the nation’s capital the right to vote for soldiers dead and 21 million wounded. a lifetime record of 76-5. president and vice president. ▲ On Nov. 9, 1965, the largest power failure in U.S. ▲ On Oct. 30, 1974, 32-year-old Muhammad Ali history occurs as all of New York state and portions (c) 2018 Hearst Communications, Inc. becomes the heavyweight champion of the world for of seven neighboring states and eastern Canada are the second time when he knocks out champion George plunged into darkness. All together, 30 million people Foreman. Seven years earlier, Ali had lost his title for were affected by the blackout. draft-dodging during the Vietnam War. ▲ On Nov. 10, 1975, the SS Edmund Fitzgerald sinks ▲ On Nov. 2, 1986, Norwegian distance runner Grete in a Lake Superior storm, taking all 29 crew members Waitz wins her eighth New York City marathon, with her. The 729-foot-long freighter, once the largest finishing the 26-mile course in 2:28.6, more than a mile and fastest ship on the Great Lakes, now lies under 530 feet of water. ahead of next women’s finisher. ▲ On Nov. 6, 1860, Abraham Lincoln is elected the 16th president of the United States over a deeply divided ▲ On Nov. 7, 1980, actor Steve McQueen, the “King Democratic Party, becoming the first Republican to win of Cool” who once was the world’s highest-paid the presidency. Lincoln received only 40 percent of movie star, dies at age 50 in Mexico of cancer. His the popular vote but handily defeated the three other best-known films include “The Great Escape,” “The Sand Pebbles,” “Bullitt” and “Papillon.” candidates.
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▲ On Nov. 11, 1918, at the 11th hour on the 11th day of ▲ On Nov. 5, 1994, George Foreman, age 45, the 11th month, the Great War ends as Germany, faced becomes boxing’s oldest heavyweight champion when with imminent invasion, signed an armistice agreement he defeats Michael Moorer in the 10th round of their
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BODY MYTHS/FACTS (Continued) Q: Do cucumbers make your eyes less puffy? A: Not really, but cold water does, and cucumbers are mostly made of water, and they are usually pretty cold. A cold wet wash cloth would probably do just as well. Q: Should you put a steak on a black eye? A: The thought is that the steak provides coolness and a little pressure, aiding in preventing swelling, but doctors say that bacteria on the steak would make it a bad choice. Instead, just use an ice bag or a sack of frozen vegetables. Q: Do spicy foods cause stomach ulcers? A: No, stomach ulcers are caused by the bacteria Helicobacter pylori, and also by overuse of OTC anti-inflammatory medications such as aspirin and ibuprofen. Q: Why do men have nipples? A: When the fetus is developing, it follows a female template first. When the embryo is six weeks old, the male characteristics kick in if the baby is to become a boy. So the nipples are formed before sex of the baby is determined. Q: Does sitting close to the TV hurt your eyes?
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Service Prices include: Trip, labor & parts in the metro area during standard business hours A: No, but many people with poor eyesight naturally sit close to the TV. Q: Will playing brain-training games make you smarter? A: Playing brain-training games makes you better at playing brain-training games, but won’t make you smarter. Q: Can a contact lens end up on the back of the eyeball? A: No, if a contact lens has been lost, it’s either underneath the eyelid, or on the floor. The inner surface of the eyelid has a thin, moist lining called the conjunctiva. At the back of the eyelid, the conjunctiva folds back and becomes the outer covering of the white part of the eyeball. The continuous nature of the conjunctiva from the eyelid to the eyeball makes it impossible for anything to get behind the eye and become trapped there. Q: Does melatonin help ease jet lag? A: Yes. A number of different studies showed that taking 2 to 5 mg of melatonin at bedtime for up to four days eases jet lag. Q: If you get bitten by a snake, should you suck the poison out? A: No. Wash the area, immobilize it, keep it lower than the heart, and get to a doctor ASAP. Tourniquets are dicey because they can cause more damage than the snakebite if not property applied. Q: Can consuming poppy seeds make you test positive for drugs? A: Yes, because heroin and morphine are derived from poppy seeds and the
tests are looking for a particular chemical found in both the drugs and the seeds from which they are derived. Q: Can a hair sample be used in a drug test? A: Yes. Trace amounts of drugs circulating in the body are deposited in the hair follicle and stored in the hair shaft as it grows. These residues cannot be washed out of the hair. Q: Can you sober a person up by putting them in a cold shower or giving them coffee? A: No. Alcohol is metabolized at a set rate and nothing will increase that rate. Coffee and cold showers simply result in a wide awake drunk. Q: Does heavy prolonged drinking kill brain cells? A: Yes. Any consumption of alcohol damages dendrites, which branch out from brain cells to receive information. CT scans and other studies of chronic alcoholics have shown that prolonged continuous use of alcohol results in brain atrophy and memory loss. Q: Is red wine good for you? A: Yes, moderate consumption of red wine has been linked to reduced rates of heart disease and cancer. Q: Does smoking marijuana help glaucoma? A: Yes, but you’d have to smoke about ten to twelve joints per day. Q: Why do your fingers get wrinkled after being in the water a long time?
A: The epidermis, the outer layer of skin, absorbs water over time. Because the skin on your fingers (and feet) is thicker than the skin on the rest of your body, it absorbs the most water. The epidermis swells, but the next layer down, the dermis, does not. This causes buckling and wrinkling of the skin. Q: Will high doses of Vitamin C cure cancer? A: No. Nor will it help you live longer, unless you are dying of scurvy. Q: Is there anything that will prevent wrinkles from old age? A: Retin-A and hydroxyl acids have been shown to help somewhat. Q: For more facts like these, we recommend the book, “Why Do Men Have Nipples?” by Mark Leyner.
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A potentially life-threatening practice had been going on at one of the Department of Veteran Affairs medical facilities, until the Office of the Inspector General caught them at it. A primary-care provider had been falsifying blood-pressure readings to cut down on the workload. This is a big deal. High blood pressure can lead to all kinds of ugly outcomes such as stroke, kidney disease, heart failure and heart attack. Specifically, the OIG responded to a report that the primary-care provider was entering fake blood-pressure readings into the patients’ records, indicating normal readings. When the OIG investigated, the care provider had put 128/78 into the record for 83 percent of the patients. The OIG reached out to 10 patients with that (c) 2018 King Features Synd., Inc.
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Since November 3 is Sausage and Kraut Day, it’s time to load up on the facts about sauerkraut! • The word “sauerkrautâ€? has its origins in the German language, translating “sour cabbage.â€? However, the food itself traces its roots to China, where cooks were pickling cabbage in rice wine as early as 200 B.C. It’s believed that Mongolian ruler Genghis Khan brought sauerkraut west during his invasions that conquered most of Eurasia around the year 1237. Fermented sauerkraut stayed fresh during long journeys. • Sauerkraut was brought to North America by German immigrants, and became a Pennsylvania Dutch specialty. Because the Pennsylvania Dutch believed the food brought good luck, a tradition was started there, eating sauerkraut on New Year’s Day to bring luck for the upcoming year. It’s first mentioned in American writings in 1776. • To make sauerkraut, cabbage is finely shredded and layered into stone jars, with salt placed between each layer. The amount of salt is equal to 2% of the cabbage’s weight. It is then tamped down with a wooden masher until the juice rises above the cabbage. If the cabbage is low in juice, water is added to the jar until it reaches the desired depth, with the cabbage fully covered. • The cabbage is then left to ferment at 60 degrees F (15 C) for several weeks. The proper temperature is vital for the best quality product and to prevent mold and yeast from growing. As it ferments, acid-forming bacteria flourish and convert the cabbage’s sugars into acetic and lactic acids, which will act as preservatives. Refrigeration isn’t required during fermentation, although sometimes the stone jars must be immersed in a tub of cold water to maintain the temperature. Exposure to heat during the process will kill the bacteria that produce the fermentation. • In many countries, sauerkraut is more than just cabbage. Poland, Russia, and Ukraine add shredded carrots to the brine, and might also include quartered apples or cranberries. Bell pepper and beets are also added ingredients. German cooks might flavor their sauerkraut with juniper berries or caraway seeds, adding white wine to the mix. In the Netherlands, sauerkraut is known as “zuurkool,â€? while the French call in “choucroute.â€? • Commercial manufacturers can or jar sauerkraut by using heat, and some use vinegar in the fermentation process. Unfortunately, much of the nutritional value is lost once the cabbage is cooked, and raw sauerkraut is a much more nutritious product. • Sauerkraut is filled with health benefits, including its ability to aid in digestion and increase blood circulation. During fermentation, beneficial probiotics that promote gastrointestinal health are produced. It’s also rich in Vitamins A, C, K, and B complex, along with minerals like iron, manganese, copper, potassium, magnesium, and calcium, as well as being a good source of fiber. It provides an increase in energy and metabolism levels and boosts the immune system. • However, even with all the healthy benefits, sauerkraut isn’t for everyone. Due to the salty brine, it’s very high in sodium, which can be a dangerous thing for those suffering from cardiovascular and renal diseases.
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MYTHS & MISCONCEPTIONS • Napoleon Bonaparte wasn’t short. His height was listed at 5’2”, but that was in French feet. In modern imperial measurements, he was about 5’7” (1.7 m) which was average at the time. He tended to surround himself with guards chosen for their height and strength, making him seem smaller by comparison. • Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was a German writer in the 1800s most famous for writing the drama “Faust.” His name, Goethe, is pronounced “Gerta” and not “goath.” • You can’t see the Great Wall of China from space. No human structures are visible from space, aside from cities lit up at night. • Wolves don’t howl at the moon. They howl to communicate regardless of the time of day or the phase of the moon. • People never used to say “ye” instead of “the.” The word “the” used to be written by a Middle English character called a “thorn” which looked like “ye” but was pronounced “the.” • Black holes are not holes; they are very dense objects with incredible gravitational pull. • Buddha was not fat. The popular statues depicting a chubby “laughing Buddha” are representations of the 10th century folk hero Budai. In Japan he is known as one of the Seven Lucky Gods, and in Taoist and Shinto culture, he is the god of happiness and plenty. • The Moon does not have a “dark side” that is always hidden from the Sun. The Moon rotates around the Sun just like the Earth does, so all surfaces are illuminated at times. However, the Moon is locked into place with one side perpetually facing the Earth, meaning that the opposite side facing away from Earth cannot be seen from Earth. • Bats are not blind. They have perfectly good eyesight and also navigate using echolocation. • Bagpipes originated in the Middle East centuries before they ever reached Scotland. • The word “Xmas” is not a plot to “take the Christ out of Christmas.” The letter X stands for the Greek letter chi, which is the first letter in “Christ.” The letter X has been used as an abbreviation for Christ for centuries. The earliest recorded use of “Xmas” to mean “Christmas” is from the year 1551. • The Egyptian pyramids were not built by slaves. They were built by civilians who considered it a great honor to work on the project. They even formed labor unions. • Chewing gum does not remain in the digestive tract for seven years if swallowed. It passes through at the rate of all the other food going through, but it does
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not stand for “save our ship” or anything else. It’s just an easy code to remember in times of panic: three dots, three dashes, three dots. • Ninjas did not dress in all black clothing. They dressed in whatever manner would help them blend in and go unnoticed.
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It Now Costs Nothing to Freeze Your Credit Per a new law, you can now put a freeze on your credit report for free. Gone is the $10 (or more) fee to freeze your credit and another equal fee to unfreeze it later. Multiplying by three for the big-three reporting companies, the cost kept too many people from taking steps to protect their credit. All three companies -- Equifax, Experian and TransUnion -- now are required by law to give consumers this option after the huge credit debacle last year, when over 148 million people had their information stolen. Unfortunately, you still need to contact all three agencies. Freezing one does not automatically
freeze the other two. Why is it important to freeze your credit? With locked reports, no one can sign up for new accounts in your name. Mortgages, utilities, loans -- they’re all at risk. There are several ways to freeze your credit. If you call or submit your request online, the companies have to freeze your credit in one day. Later, if you need to unlock your reports (if you want to apply for something), they have to do that within one hour. You also can freeze it by mail. Call Experian at 1-888-397-3742, Equifax at 1-800-685-1111 and TransUnion at 1-888-909-8872. Note: You’ll need a personal identification number to use if you ever want to unfreeze your credit. Write it down and put it somewhere safe. Another way to protect your credit is with a lock. You can use a cellphone and an app to do this, but it’s not as secure. If you’ve been a victim of identity theft, go online to www.identitytheft. gov or see www.consumer.ftc.gov for more information. Remember that you’re entitled to one free credit report per year. Order yours from annualcreditreport.com. (c) 2018 King Features Synd., Inc.
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● Fried lotus leaves are a popular snack in China.
● Sandpaper can sharpen a dull pair of scissors. Fold a piece of sandpaper in half, rough side out, and make repeated cuts until the blades are sharp again.
● The final battle of the Napoleonic Wars took place in June 1815 in the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, a site now in present-day Belgium. The Battle of Waterloo, where Napoleon met his final defeat, was delayed because the French emperor -- and battle commander -- couldn’t mount his horse. According to historians, Napoleon was suffering from hemorrhoids and couldn’t bear to sit in a saddle.
● You might be surprised to learn that the British are not the greatest tea drinkers in the world. That honor belongs to the Irish, who consume 1,200 cups per capita every year.
● The first car to offer seat belts -- the Nash Rambler -rolled off the assembly line in 1950.
● If you’re concerned about the rising cost of groceries, be grateful that you’re not a starfish parent. A young starfish eats 10 times its own weight in food every day.
● Those of you who need your daily java fix probably won’t be surprised to learn that coffee is one of the most popular drinks worldwide and is one of the most traded agricultural commodities. Due to limitations in cultivation, however, Hawaii is the only state in the U.S. that produces the beans.
● Those who live in the state of Minnesota might want to keep in mind that in that state it’s against the law to sleep with no clothes on.
● If you remember the early-1960s TV series “Route 66,” you might be surprised to learn that the show was actually shot in Florida and Oregon, nowhere near the fabled highway.
● A newly married couple sued the upscale resort in Chile where they spent their honeymoon after a swim in the pool turned the bride’s waist-length blond hair green.
● King James VI of Scotland also was, after the crowns of England and Scotland were united in 1603, King James I of England. He may have been doubly noble, but those who study such things say his personal habits would not have been out of place in a commoner of the time. He reportedly never bathed, by: Samantha Weaver claiming that baths were an unhealthy practice, and he would wear the same clothes for months on end.
● A leech can consume 10 times its own weight in its victims’ blood.
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Come along with Tidbits as we clear up some facts and myths about the human body! QUESTIONS & ANSWERS Q: Does sugar make kids hyperactive? A: There have been no definitive studies proving this to be true, while a variety of studies have shown it to be false. What is true is that sugar is a readily available source of energy, and kids tend to be hyperactive at events where lots of sugar is served, such as birthday parties, Halloween, and Christmas. One double-blind survey showed that parents tended to claim their children were hyperactive when they were told the kids had just consumed large amounts of sugar, even though the children had not been given sugar, and in spite of the fact that their behavior had not substantially changed. Q: Will listening to Mozart make babies smarter? A: Listening to Mozart does soothe a baby somewhat, and learning to play a musical instrument will help develop the brain, but there is no evidence proving that Mozart makes babies smarter. Q: Does shaving hair make it grow back darker? A: No, but it will give each hair a blunter end after being shaved. Q: Why does asparagus make pee smell funny? A: Asparagus contains the sulfur compound called mercaptan which is also found in onions, garlic, rotten eggs, and skunks. Not everyone contains the specific enzyme responsible for breaking that enzyme down in the digestive tract, so about half of the population will have stinky urine after eating asparagus. Sometimes it shows up in urine as quickly as 15 to 30 minutes after consuming asparagus. Even Benjamin Franklin described the odor as “disagreeable” in his essay on flatulence called “Fart Proudly.”
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