BUILDING SCIENCE AND SERVICE
BLD62304
ASSIGNMENT 1 LIGTHING AND VAC DESIGN FOR COMFORT
NAME : TIFFANY LIM ID : 0336386
BUILDING SCIENCE AND SERVICE
BLD62304
ASSIGNMENT 2 INDOOR COMFORT DESIGN AND ‘INVENTION’
NAME : TIFFANY LIM ID : 0336386
2A : Recording and measurement of 4 facings of external walls of chosen building
Window frame Glass window film
Concrete wall
Plan View
Picture
Measurement of each wall Wall 1 ( Window Included ) Length : 110’ / 9.167 Ft. Height : 125’ / 10.417 Ft.
Wall 2 Length : 205’ / 17.083 Ft. Height : 125’ / 10.417 Ft.
Wall 3 Length : 110’ / 9.167 Ft. Height : 125’ / 10.417 Ft.
Wall 4 ( Door Excluded ) Length : 170’ / 14.167 Ft. Height : 125’ / 10.417 Ft.
WALL 1 External Temperature 7am :23°c/73.4F 12pm :27°c/80.6F 5pm :28°c/82.4F
Heat Transfer of Wall 1 Internal Temperature = 20°C / 68 F
Measurement of Wall 1 ( Window Included ) Length : 110’ / 9.167 Ft. Height : 125’ / 10.417 Ft.
Measurement of window Length : 98’ / 8.167 Ft. Height : 67’ / 5.583 Ft.
Area of wall without window = Area of wall – Area of Window = (9.167 x 10.417) x (8.167 x 5.583) = 49.987 Ft.
Area of Window = 8.167 x 5.583 = 45.596 Ft.
Resistance of window = 19.05
Heat transfer of Wall only 7am
: 23°C/73.4F
Q = 49.987 × 5.4 / 1.024 = 263.603 BTU/hr
12pm
: 27°C/80.6F
Q = 49.987 ×12.6 / 1.024 = 615.074 BTU/hr
5pm
: 28°C/82.4F
Q = 49.987 ×14.4 / 1.024 = 702.942 BTU/hr
Heat transfer of Window only 7am
: 24°C/75.2F
Q = 45.596 × 5.4 / 19.05 = 12.925 BTU/hr
12pm
: 3 2°C/89.6F
Q = 45.596 × 12.6 / 19.05 = 30.158 BTU/hr
5pm
: 29°C/84.2F
Q = 45.596 × 14.4 / 19.05 = 34.466 BTU/hr
Total Heat Transfer of Wall 1 7am = 263.603 + 12.925 = 276.528 BTU/hr
12pm = 615.074 + 30.158 = 645.232 BTU/hr
5pm = 702.942 + 34.366 = 737.308 BTU/hr
WALL 2 Heat Transfer of Wall 2 Internal Temperature = 20°C/68 F External Temperature = 18°C/64.4 F
Measurement of Wall 2 Length : 205’ / 17.083 Ft. Height : 125’ / 10.417 Ft.
Area of wall = 17.083 x 10.417 = 177.953
Total Heat Transfer of Wall 2 Q = 177.954 × 3.6 1.024 = 625.62 BTU/hr
WALL 3 Heat Transfer of Wall 3 Internal Temperature = 20°C/68F External Temperature = 22°C/60.8F
Measurement of Wall 3 Length : 110’ / 9.167 Ft. Height : 125’ / 10.417 Ft.
Measurement of door only Length : 33’ / 2.75 Ft. Height : 83 / 6.917 Ft. Thickness : 1.378’ / 0.115 Ft.
Heat transfer of Door Q = (2.75 × 6.917) × 3.6 / 1.709 = 40.069 BTU/hr
Total Heat Transfer of Wall 3 = 343.775 + 40.069 = 383.844 BTU/hr
WALL 4 Heat Transfer of Wall 4 Internal Temperature = 20°C/68F External Temperature = 16°C/60.8F
Measurement of Wall 4 ( Excluded Door ) Length : 170’ / 14.167 Ft. Height : 125’ / 10.417 Ft.
Total Heat Transfer of Wall 4 Q = 147.578 x 7.2 / 1.024 = 1037.655 BTU/hr
Concrete Wall Resistance Thickness of concrete wall 5.118’ / 0.427 Ft.
RT = 5.118’ Concrete = 5.118 x 0.08 = 0.409
R value table
Window Resistance Size of Window Length : 98’ / 8.167 Ft. Height : 67’ / 5.583 Ft.
R1 = 0.17 ( External film )
R2 = Single panel = 0.5 × 0.25 / 0.91 = 18.2
R3 = 0.68 ( Internal film )
R1+R2+R3 = 0.17 + 18.2 + 0.68 RT = 19.05
R value table
Door Resistance Size of Door Length : 33’ / 2.75 Ft. Height : 83 / 6.917 Ft. Thickness : 1.378’ / 0.115 Ft.
RT = 2.17 / 1.75 × 1.378’ = 1.709
R value table
2B : Passive/Green Insulation Product Development Concept Air cooler + curtain
Making Progress
Instill aluminium foil and
Marking the board
Cutting the board
bubble wrap to the fabric
Secure the board with hot glue
Assemble and glue the board
Making the ice box with
Cutting holes on the foam
Securing the wheel roller
foam board
box cover
with hot glue
Final Product
Curtain
White tack is to make the fabric stick to the window
Roller stick is to twist and allows the fabric to goes in and out
White fabric instill with bubble wrap and aluminium foil to trap air and resist heat
Cooler Box
Foam Box stores ice cubes and create cold to the cooler box
Box outlet hole allows cold air out to the surrounding
USB charging hole is a hole to charge the USB portable fan
Materials used for heat insulator
Aluminium
Foam Box
Foil
Wood Stick
Foam Board
Portable USB Fan
Corrugated
White Fabric
Wheel Roller
Bubble Wrap
Board
Tools used for heat insulator
Cutter
Uhu glue
Hot glue gun
Reasons of materials choices Foam - Foam because of it's strong insulation, waterproofing and it's light weight.
White fabric - White fabric is to "sun-protective"as it reflect heat that are direct from the sunlight and
Aluminium bubble foil
aesthetic purposes from covering the materials is been use for the insulator.
- Aluminium bubble foil because it is a heat reflective insulation that are able to resist ultraviolet radiation that can penetrate through concrete, wood and other common heat insulation materials.
Corrugated Board - Corrugated board because it can withstand long journeys and can falls do not hamper the quality of
USB Portable Fan - USB portable fan to induce airflow for cooling and air circulating purpose. Also, they are easy to be move/carry.
the product inside. Hence, it is also sustainable, lightweight and cost-effective.
Estimated Materials costs Materials bought from Shopee
Foam Box
Wheel Roller
Bubble Wrap
Price estimation for materials used Materials prices from internet
Wood Stick
USB Portable Fan
Aluminium Foil
White Fabric
Corrugated Board
Foam Board
*These materials are mostly recycle materials that I found and reuse it on the model*
Financial value
RM 678 / 19 buyers (-) 92.23 = -56.54
Reflection Based on this product, I've got a negative value overall. I felt like I've spend too much cost on the portable fan that I've used in the product. If I could redesign the product to overcome the cost problem, I would replace the portable fan into a DIY USB fan which work with a switch. But what's good was the other materials that I used expect for the portable fan was recycled materials that can be found around us to make the product. So actually my product was designed as separately due to the demand of the consumers. They can get them both or separately if they think that the curtain is necessary for their particular room.
For the processing, I feel enjoy and satisfied with the outcome because it does really work to help calm down the room temperature. Overall it's a great experience for me.
BUILDING SCIENCE AND SERVICE
BLD62304
FINAL PROJECT BUILDING SERVICES DESIGN IN KITCHEN
NAME : TIFFANY LIM ID : 0336386
1(a) Site Study and Re-design Kitchen Original Kitchen Layout
Kitchen Layout Plan
Original Dry & Wet Kitchen
DINING AREA
Upon studying the overall layout of the kitchen ( plumbing, electrical wirings and lightings, furniture layout and fire safety considerations ). A number of changes can be made to better improve the condition and functionality of the kitchen. This way, the kitchen can be fully utilized.
An Interview with The Family Chef Before starting the process of redesigning the kitchen, a small interview session between my mom who uses the kitchen for most of the time in this household, and I was carried out in order to obtain a better insight of what would be a good, functional kitchen design. Below is the interview of my mom - “How would you envision your dream kitchen be?” “I’d like a aesthethic, clean-looking kitchen, big and spacious. Also, maybe a bar table for dining.” - “What do you think is important to have in your kitchen?” “I’d want my kitchen to have enough worktops.” “I also want my kitchen to have enough cabinets (storage) to hide the mess.” - “What kitchen appliances do you usually use?” “I’m not all that professional so just the basics - a kitchen hob and hood, a microwave, an oven and a couple of my other electrical appliances (juicer, air fryer, etc.).” - “What do you think could be improved in this kitchen?” “The work space. I want a bigger work space that allows me to prepare the ingredients before cooking.” “Also, I feel like the dining table are unnecessary as my home have only 3 family members, so I always wanted a smaller dining table or a bar table.”
Redesigned Furniture Layout
Redesigned kitchen Layout Plan
Redesigned Elevation 1
Elevation 1
Redesigned Elevation 2
Elevation 2
Kitchen Walls In the original kitchen layout, the kitchen are a combination of dry and wet kitchen. However, when redesigning the kitchen, the decision I made is to replace the wall with another material. With the wall being replaced, the kitchen will seem more spacious, open, bright and also having an aesthetic look. To enhance the kitchen look, tempered glass are used for the kitchen backsplash. These tempered glass are durable, resistant to spills and stains and safe to use. They are also easy to clean.
Tempered glass for kitchen backsplash
Kitchen Walls Benefits of using tempered glass as kitchen backsplash
Porcelain tiles original kitchen backsplash
Tempered glass for kitchen backsplash
Benefits
Cons
-
- High cost - Hard to install
Resistant to water and bacteria Easy to clean Heat resistance Scratch-resistant Versatile Clean-looking
Kitchen Cabinetry For the original kitchen layout, we are using the hardwood cabinet with gloss acrylic finish. However, it is a good materials for kitchen cabinet so I decided to reuse it by replacing it with another colour and finishes. Hardwood is a solid wood, making it very durable material for kitchen cabinets. It is able to resist scratching and denting better than most wood, making it suitable for the kitchen. The acrylic finish is not only cost effective, but it can also withstand wear and tear. To add to that, it is also moisture resistant which is fitting for the kitchen. With regular wiping, it can easily be cleaned.
Examples of kitchen cabinets with matte acrylic finish
Kitchen Cabinetry Pros and Cons of using acrylic as kitchen cabinet
Cabinet with matte acrylic finish
Original cabinet with gloss acrylic finish
Benefits
Cons
-
- High cost - Dirt are visible - Prone to humidity
Durability Easing cleaning Variety of colours Long lasting Aesthetics Scratch resistant
Worktops and bar table Marble worktops are very durable. Marble is a natural stone, so it's more resistant to scratching, cracking and breaking than many other available countertop materials. In spite of its durability, marble is softer than granite. At times, the wooden worktop may also serve as a makeshift chopping board.
Example of marble kitchen worktops
Worktops and bar table Pros and Cons of using marble as kitchen worktop
Original quartz worktop
Marble worktop & table
Pros
Cons
-
- High cost - Porous (can stain) - Soft (can scratch, chip, and etch)
Durable Stays Cool Increase property value Easy to Shape and Cut Luxurious Appearance
2(b) Justification of Redesigned Building Services and Location Redesigned Electrical Layout
Electrical Plan
Electrical Outlets When studying the original kitchen electrical outlets, I noticed we're not lacking of of electrical outlets in the kitchen, resulting to the usage of extension sockets. However, I replaced them into a power track the kitchen more modern and clean.
Examples of power track
For precautionary measures and the sake of convenience, electrical outlets are added on the kitchen bar table in as shown in the redesigned electrical plan as my family love to have steamboat at home, so adding a n electrical outlet near the bar table would be a smart and convenience decision.
Electrical Outlets Pros and Cons of power tracks
Power tracks
Original receptacle outlet
Pros
Cons
-
- High cost
Modern Lesser energy consumption Clean Safe to use Convenient
2(b) Justification of Redesigned Building Services and Location Wiring and Lighting Six (6) nos of recessed lights are the main lights used to light up the kitchen. In addition to that, there is also a pendant light are added, hanging above the bar table to for both functionality and aesthetics purposes.
Recessed downlight
Pendant light
The recessed lights in the wet kitchen consists of five (3) recessed lights because the wet kitchen are closer to the window yet a smaller space. While the pantry area consists of two (4) recessed lights. In this way, the window can serve as a natural light source. Hence, it would not require any additional lighting, conserving energy. However, on the other end of the pantry area, the recessed lights are required because the natural light from the window would not be able to light up that area.
Type of Bulb to Be Used Recessed downlights : LED light bulbs (White) Pendant light : LED light globe (Yellow)
LED Light Bulb
LED Light Globe
LEDs are energy efficient lights. They generally consume very low amount of power. One of the main hazards when it comes to lighting is the emission of heat. Because these lights use a significantly lower amount of electricity than most lights, LEDs emit almost no forward heat making it much safer compared to traditional light bulbs/ light tubes. LEDs are also known to have long life span which means it requires less frequent replacements which leads to a lower maintenance cost.
Electrical Kitchen Appliances Specifications
Oven
Bosch HBG635BB1 Serie 8 Electric oven 60 cm
Bosch kitchen oven
Based on the specifications table above, the energy rating of the oven is A+. Due to the frequent usage of the kitchen oven, it is better to opt for an energy efficient oven. Over the lifespan of an A+ oven, it is possible to save up to RM 1,100 as compared to a D class oven.
Microwave
Specifications HW25800K-C2GT
Fotile microwave oven
Microwaves can be much more energy efficient than a traditional full-sized oven. Microwaves can cook food and heat much faster than traditional ovens because their heat waves are concentrated on the food. Using the microwave to cook or re-heat small portions of food can save up to 80 percent of the energy used to cook or warm food in the oven/ stove.
Cooker Hood
Specifications 110cm Decorative Hood with Touch Control Display and ECOPOWER A4 motor
TEKA cooker hood
Microwaves can be much more energy efficient than a traditional full-sized oven. Microwaves can cook food and heat much faster than traditional ovens because their heat waves are concentrated on the food. Using the microwave to cook or re-heat small portions of food can save up to 80 percent of the energy used to cook or warm food in the oven/ stove.
Refrigerator
Specifications R-M800GP2M
HITACHI refrigerator
VAC Air Conditioner
Specifications PANASONIC 1.5HP CS/CU-VU13UKH-1 R32 INVERTER SKY SERIES WALL MOUNTED
Panasonic 1.5HP inverter aircon
This is a five star rating air conditioner, meaning it is energy efficient. The star rating of air conditioners depicts the energy efficiency of an air con unit. The stars range from 1 to 5, the higher the number of stars the more energy efficient it is.
Water Supply and Plumbing Plumbing Plan
Plumbing Plan Based on the below plumbing plan, fresh water flows through the water line coming from the front of the house, into the kitchen. The water line leads to the two main sink in the kitchen. The used water however, flows through the waste line into the drainage located at the outdoor, behind the kitchen.
Kitchen Sinks and Taps Specifications
Basin
HILLESJÖN
IKEA kitchen basin
Stainless steel is more hygienic and strong material and also it's easy to keep clean. While porcelain sinks are beautiful but high maintenance, stainless steel sinks have gained in popularity because they're durable, easy to maintain and easy to clean. Stainless steel doesn't rust and never needs to be reglazed.
Dimensions
Tap
IKEA kitchen mixer tap
VIMMERN
A mixer tap with handspray is good for heavy duty tasks. It is convenient for multi-tasking as only one hand is required to control the water pressure. The handspray is able to extend beyond the sink making it easily accessible when it comes to house chores.
Fire Safety The kitchen materials picked out in the redesigned kitchen are mostly heat resistant ; glass and marble. While wood is a poor conductor of heat energy, sometimes, it is prone to fire hazards. Fortunately, this can be avoided by coating the wood with a layer of fire retardant paint. It protects porous wood from both the inside and the outside.
Tempered Glass as kitchen backsplash
Hardwood as kitchen cabinet
Marble as kitchen worktop