Constructing Environments ENVS10003 A01- Logbook Semester 2 2014 Week 3- Footings and Foundations 01-Studio Report Frank Tate Pavilion: This is a skeletal structure building with the support of timber trusses. The materials used are zinc and steel sheets. The color of mental changed but the zinc remains the same color. The use of timber and the beams are described as the design feature of this building. As the main structural element of this building, beams play an important role. Considering the load path and the building is in equilibrium state, so that the reaction force must equal to each other.
North Court Union House: The shade of the Union House is a good example of tension. The structural system is membrane. The use of membrane structure is to cover the maximum area. When we considering the edge, the inner one is with cables to pull and stress the fabric to pull it down. The tension force is applied to the cables. For the outside edge, there is roller joints to help the cables for this shade to move. Also, compression is existed in this shade. The struts that adapt compression support the shade in the highest point. The photo shown below is the roller
joints.
New Melbourne School of Design (MSD): For MSD, the Reinforced columns are the major structural systems. The materials used to build this building are mainly concrete and precast seatings which will not crack. For windows, they are made of aluminum. Cantilever also plays an important role for MSD. It combined with the timber to reduce the weight of the building especially with the timber framed floor and the cantilever is functioned as fixed joint.
Arts West Student Centre: The structural system that used in this building is steel structural comprising with truss system. Span is allowed in this system due to the support of truss system. Beams are very supportive of the span. Also, since the building is a stable state, it indicates that the reaction force of this building is equal. Fixed joints and pin joints can be identified in this building. The use of fixed joints are to ensure it is more stable.
Old Geology: The brick veneer wall structural system is shown in this building. In order to keep it in a stable state, beams are used in this building and they are on the top of the wall. Lintols are used for windows and the steel are used for door and fixtures. The materials used to build this buildings are mainly steel and bricks. The photo shown below is the system of load.
Underground Car park and South Lawn: Reinforced concrete shells and steel are all used for building this car park and to make sure that the load can transfer. Compression is occurred in the struts through the columns. One thing to note is that the some columns are inside. This structure is also used pat footings and this is how columns work when they connected to the ground.
02 Learning Loop Structural Elements: 1. Strut: carries load parallel to its long, slender axis. (Compression) 2. Tie: carries load parallel to its long, slender axis. (Tension) 3. Beam: horizontal element carries load vertically combination of tension and compression forces. 4. Panel: a deep vertical element carries a vertical or horizontal element. 5. Plate: a wide horizontal element carries vertical load in bending, usually supported by beams.
Footings and Foundations: Foundations: is the lowest division of a building-its substructure-constructed partly or wholly below the surface of the ground. Its primary function is to support and anchor the superstructure above and transmit its loads safely into the earth. 1. Shallow Foundations 2. Deep Foundations Footings: 1. Spread Footings 2. Strip Footings 3. Isolated Footings. 4. Continuous Footings.
Glossary: Masonry: component on mass construction. Balance: for a building to balance, the top must over the centre of the mass. Moment: a frame to produce lateral movement, so that there is not any lateral movements within the wall of the structure.
Retaining Wall: a structural that holds back a slope and prevent erosion. Pad Footings: Continuous 8’’ or 10’’ thick concrete pad installed before and supports the foundation wall or mono post.
References: Ching, F. (2008). Building Constructed Illustrated (4th Edition). Hoboken, New Jersey : John Wiley and Sons. PACO Special Moment Frame (SMF) System, Paco Steel & Engineering, 2009. Retrieved from http://www.pacosteel.com/imagez/titlemf.jpg StrucPLUS for Full AutoCAD速, CAD International, 2014. Retrieved from http://www.cad.com.au/strucplus/screenshots/26-strucplus-spconcrete-footingspad-footings-thumb.gif