STUDIO AIR TING YU LIN
2015
CONTENTS INTRODUCTION PART A.
3-4
COMCEPTUALIZATION
A.0 DESIGN FUTURING
5-10
A.1 DESIGN COMPUTATION
12-16
A.2 COMPOSITION/GENERATION
18-22
A.3 CONCLUSION
23
A.4 LEARNING OUTCOMES
24
A.5 ALGORITHMIC SKETCHES
25
REFERENCE
26-27
PART B.
CRITERIA DESIGN
B.1 RESEARCH FIELD B.2 CASE STUDY 1.0 B.3 CASE STUDY 2.0 B.4 TECHNIQUE: DEVELOPMENT B.5 TECHNIQUE: PROTOTYPE B.6 TECHNIQUE: PROPOSAL B.7 LEARNING OBJECTIVES AS OUTCOMES B.8 ALGORITHMIC SKETCHBOOK REFERECE
PART C. DETAILED DESIGN C.1
DESIGN CONCEPT
C.2
TECHTONIC ELEMENTS & PROTOTYPES
C.3
FINAL DETAIL MODEL
C.4
LEARNING OBJECTIVES AND OUTCOMES
2
INTRODUCTION My name is Ting yu Lin and my friends call me Sophie. I’m from Taiwan and I’ve lived in Melbourne for three years. I’ve met some people who happens to have the same English name as me, just like the other Sophie in our tutorial, and it’s confusing when our common friends call our names. So we’ve decided to have nicknames, I call her Soso and I named myself Socute. We tried and it’s hilarious when they call my nickname in public, I just love being called Socute. I have interests in things like singing, watching movies, traveling, drawing and cooking. What made me decide to choose architecture as a major is that we live and work in buildings every day, buildings can affect so much in our daily life. A good building gives convenience, comfort, nice atmosphere and positive energy. I’ve done designing studio Earth and Water, and I’ve learned rhino, autocad, photoshop, indesign and illustrator throughout the process.
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T
his is a lantern I made in a first year subject, Virtual Environments, which rhino was first introduced to me. This project required us to analyze a pattern and find the relationships in the arrangement of it, we need to analyze how the structure is formed and what is important and can be used in your design. It is when I was exposed to computation and digital design, I was able to experiment on the digital models and be fascinated by the outcomes beyond my original thoughts. We also learned some basic fabrication techniques through grasshopper to make our design printable. Not only did I learn about digital design, but also graphic design. The layout of your design is important as well, nice visual presentation attracts people to get interested to your project.
This was a great challenge for me to absorb so many knowledge and to put them into practice. Although there were lots of frustrating times in the process of making this project, I was really proud of myself being able to put so much effort in it and eventually made a good design. The experience I’ve learned from this subject helped me in the following design studios, I was able to apply the skills I learned onto other designs and explore further.
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PART A CONCEPTUALIZATION
5
A.0
DESIGN FUTURING
6
V
ancouver Convention Centre West (VCCW) is designed by LMN architects of Seattle, it has 12,400 m² of space including exhibiton hall, 20 meeting rooms and a ballroom, and it was the main press centre for the 2010 Winter Olympics.
VCCW was built in 2009, it locates ate the intersection of Vancouver’s downtown and adjacent ecosystems. Jeremy Murphy, the co-director of Sustainable Solution Group, stated that “Our strategy was to generate a sense of investment in all members of the design team—engineers, contractors and architects—in reaching our sustainability targets.”1 It is designed to protect and engaged environmental interface: landscape, marine and human. An artificial marine habitat skirt preserves salmon migration routes, and roof angles follow view corridors to the harbour from downtown streets.2 Meeting rooms take advantage of daylight and open onto city and waterfront vistas. Local glass and wood used in construction support the local economy, encouraging growth in the sustainable building products sector.
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The most important part of the building is its building envelope, especially the living roof. The roof features 20 species of indigenous flora pollinated by local bee and provides a nesting habitat for migratory and resident birds, this creates a sustainable system for the local environments. In addition, in the water conservation plans, rainwater is and collected for reuse rather than being discharged into sewage system, this function of “living roof” is the fundamental resource for the creation of green space.
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The benefits of the dedication towards sustainable systems can be seen here: The Centre recycles an average of 180,000 kilograms of materials annually, nearly half of the total volume of waste generated. All wastewater generated In the building is treated and recycled for reuse which can save over $21,000 per month.3 The site of the expansion is a former marine and rail industrial area, most of which was covered in impervious surfaces and contaminated. The decrease in site impervious surfaces is almost 30%, mitigating total suspended solids and phosphorus content from stormwater and reducing the site’s heat island contribution.4 This building contributes to the idea of sustainable development, just as Fry indicates in the reading, a design of future should not be sacrificing ecological systems but to design for a long term harmony with nature.5 These sustainable approaches put VCCW on the list of 2011 top ten green projects by The American Institute of Architects.6 It is also certificated as the highest level platinum rating by the Leadership in Energy and Environment Design.7
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y second precedent is the Jellyfish Barge, it is a floating house designed by an Italian firm, Studiomobile.8 The world Bank predicts that the world population will grow to almost 10 billion in the next four decades, by 2050, the global demand for food is expected to be 60-70% higher than today.9 Agriculture is the human activity that relies most on the existing water resources. The scarcity of arable land and fresh water for agriculture is being exacerbated by changes in the climate, exposing many areas to increased risks and contribute to make them even more vulnerable to the problem of water and food security. The rising sea level, for example, contributes to flooding of extensive areas of fertile land with salt water.
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float house is created to support population growth in the future, it can produce considerable improvement in water and food security of coastal communities. Jellyfish Barge is an eco-friendly module for crop cultivation that doesn’t rely on soil, fresh water and chemical energy consumption. It is a floating agricultural greenhouse, able to purify salt, brackish or polluted water using only renewable energy such as solar, wind and tidal waves. The structure of the green house is built with low-cost technologies and simple materials, it is framed in wood, light weight and can easily be pushed by waves. The system allows people in the community to sustainably cultivate crops and food. It also provides a gathering space for people in the community to interact with one another, harvest local fruits and vegetables. In my opinion, this design can answer the question by Fry “How can a future actually be secured by design? �10 The sustainable idea from this float house signifies a changing in thinking that we start to think for future generations. In the reading of Speculative Everything, it points out that many of the problems nowadays are unfixable, and the only way to overcome them is by changing our values, attitudes and behavior.11 I think design futuring is supposed to meet the needs and doing benefits to human beings. Although this is a small scale design, it enlightens people on being aware of the present problems and contributes a positive approach to solve it in the future. The possibility of the float house can be expanded to a greater scale project, with growing number of people using the design will actually result in a different future.
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A.1 DESIGN COMPUTATION
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T
his precedence is Heydar Aliyev Center located in Baku, Azerbaijan by Zaha Hadid. The center was asked to design for the nation’s primary building cultural programs, and to show break from the rigid and monumental former Soviet society.12 The design concept of the building is to establish a continuous, fluid relationship between its surrounding plaza and the building’s interior. The ground floor surface is designed to define a sequence of event spaces, and with an equal access to all areas.
In order to achieve the fluid architectural landscape, formations such as undulating, folds and inflections composite functional spaces. With this form, the building blurs the conventional differeciation between architectural object and urban landscape, building envelope and urban plaza, figure and ground, interior and exterior.13 From my previous experience in digital modeling, making a fluid structure is challenging because the numerous vectors involved in creating a surface is hard to control. One of the most challenging elements of
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This requires advanced computing for the continuous control and communication of these complexities among the numerous project participants. Computation in this project is significant, this can be seen in the framing system which was developed to incorporate a flexible relationship between the rigid grid, and also enables the building to have a free-form structure. Computation saved time throughout the construction process due to rationalizing the complex geometry in digital modeling. In the readings, Oxman points out the idea of digital chain in conception, generation and material production.14 From my perspective, computation links every aspects in a design process together. A design leads digital modeling and vice versa, computation is able to explore further than the original design attempt, and thus broaden the possibilities of outcomes.
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figure.9
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figure.10
“
I tried to create something melting into the green�- Sou Fujimoto.15
S
erpentine Gallery Pavilion by Sou Fujimoto was built on the lawn outside the Serpentine Gallery. Fujimoto’s design was inspired by the natural greenery of the garden, and he tried to design a structure that fits into the surroundings.
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figure.11
Fujimoto mentioned that he wanted to combine inside and outside space within the structure, and he put the emphasis on transparency which allows users to see through the nature from inside the pavilion. He was fascinated by the contrast of sharp, artificial white grids and the organic, formless experience. The pavilion comprises a three-dimensional steel grid of white poles that ascend upwards to form layered terraces, with circles of transparent polycarbonate inserted to shelter from rain and reflect sunlight.16 The structure is broken to allow people access as well as to generate different uses around, below and upon it.
figure.12
This irregular geometry of the pavilion is made of fine grids, creating strong system that can be expand to become a large cloud shape. This displays a combination of strict order with softness. A simple cube, sized to the human body, is repeated to build a form that exists between the organic and the abstract, to create an ambiguous, soft-edged structure that will blur the boundaries between interior and exterior.
In the design process of any projects in recent times, computational mechanisms has been widely used for the exploration of design system. This practice is attempting to address issues by using new techniques and methods. The benefits of using computers in the pavilion design process can be seen in the use of cube structures. Through computation, the cubes can be created repeatedly and overlapped on top of another, and by using the cubes to shape geometry in order to achieve the desire outcome of the designer.
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A.2
COMPOSITION / GENERATION
18
figure.14
T
he NonLin/ Lin Pav project that looks l posed of tubes and d be taken apart and re over 155,000 asterisksurface of the pavilio
figure.13
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The NonLin/Lin pavilio to as text based morp totypes are built form protocols are based o ing, distributed netwo
Computation marks a it allows designers to them to make chang their abilities to deal language instructions order to modify and the physical model, t reduce mistakes and Lin Pavilion.
figure.15
vilion is designed by a French architect Marc Fornes, it is a perforated aluminium like a giant piece of coral. The pavilion has a computer generated form comdonut shapes. Assembled from 27 components, the four metre high structure can eassembled in different locations.17 This design relies on computation to generate shaped perforations that comes in different sizes, which creates a pattern on the on.
on is a prototype which engages in a series of architectural experiments referred phologies. Beyond its visual perception of sculptural and formal qualities, the proms developed through custom computational protocols. The parameters of these on form finding, composition of developable linear elements, information modelorks, and digital fabrication.18
a significant improvement between the designing approaches in previous times, be able to be more precise of drawings and digital modeling, it is also easier for ges on the computer.19 With the aid of computation, designers can go beyond l with complex situations and generate unexpected results. Algorithms are the s between users and the computer, we have to be able to generate the code in explore a new outcome. Computation helps to connect the virtual design with the output of any modification can be seen immediately and clearly. This helps d the gap between real work and imagination for complex design like the NonLin/ 20
T
his projects discusses a mode of responsive architecture based on the combination of material inherent behavior and computational formations. The project employs design strategies of physically programming a material system, which produced the surface with a unique spatial experience. what interests me is the discuss of dimentional linstability of wood in relation to mosit content, mere fluctuations in relative humidity trigger the changes of material-innate movement, which means that the material itself is the machine. Computation is in the principle of information, in this project, the design methodology of material computation is introduced as a form of investigation on the physical model. Architectural systems commonly seek for clear definition of elements, however in this design, what forms the structure itself is closely engaged with the material. A computation design focuses more on a chain relation rather than sigular units. 21
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figure.16
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A
rchitecture has always been a presentation of what people think and what is valued at the generation. It means so much more than a structure or a built form, it is more than a place you work and live in. It is a reflection of economic, culture and society in time. We are now in a digital age that advanced computation has rooted in the field of architecture design. There is an increasing importance in computer design, not only because of its accuracy and fast documentation in projects, but its progress in moving towards parametric design and algorithmic sketching. This creates a new way of thinking in forms and geometry. Although there has been arguments about computation design is not a real form of design, I believe in the benefits that computation brings to us and how the unexpected possibilities are going to surprise me.
CONCLUSION
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A.4 L E A R N I N G O U T C O M E
I
n the first three weeks of working on studio Air, there were a lot things going on every week. The workload is heavy and intense, I am still adjusting my pace. Despite this, it has been a joyful process of learning. Studying algorithmic design through learning Grasshopper, readings and analyzing precedents has broaden my knowledge. The thinking of parametric design also opened a new field to me. Through learning from the lecture and readings, I began to realize the logic and how it digital design works, and be enlightened that a thought and attitude can make significant influence to the future. Through studying precedents, I was acknowledged that good architectural design really helps the environment to get better. The learning so far made me realized that I still have a long way to go in architecture, it is so deep and involves knowledge from all kinds of fields, and I am just about to begin. 24
In the process of learning Grasshopper, it is interesting to see the number variations result in different outputs. From the readings, I was surprised to know that computation is under a principle of mathematic. Each control point that can be moved and changed by us is a precise mathematic equation written by engineers. After knowing the basics of how algorith-mic sketch works, I feel more understandable of the function of number slides and the codes. it is really interesting to see the forms created by changing the vectors. this is a series of variation of a sphere i made, the shapes just popped out unexpectedly. i was suprisedand amazed by it.
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A.5 ALGORITHMIC SKETCHES
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REFERENCE FIGURES 1.Halifax.mediacoop.ca, ‘Nova Scotia Consulting Co-Op Lands Canadian Project On International Top Green Buildings List’, 2015 <http://halifax.mediacoop. ca/newsrelease/7159> [accessed 19 March 2015] 2. ’Vancouver Convention Centre » Jack Poole Plaza’, 2015 <http://www.vancouverconventioncentre.com/ jack-poole-plaza/> [accessed 19 March 2015]
1. Halifax.mediacoop.ca Op Lands Canadian Pro Buildings List’, 2015 <htt release/7159> [accessed
3-6. iGNANT, ‘Floating Greenhouse By Studiomobile’, 2015 <http://www.ignant.de/2014/12/18/floating-greenhouse-by-studiomobile/> [accessed 19 March 2015]
2. AIA Seattle, ‘What mak aiaseattle.org/node/123
7-9.Voyatzis, Costas, ‘The Heydar Aliyev Center By Zaha Hadid Architects In Baku, Azerbaijan | Yatzer’, Yatzer.com, 2015 <http://www.yatzer.com/heydar-aliyev-center-baku-azerbaijan-zaha-hadid-architects> [accessed 19 March 2015] 10-12. Dezeen.com, 2015 <http://www.dezeen. com/2013/09/29/i-tried-to-create-something-betweenarchitecture-and-nature-sou-fujimoto-on-serpentinegallery-pavilion-2013/> [accessed 19 March 2015] 13-15. Dezeen, ‘Nonlin/Lin Pavilion By Marc Fornes/ And The Very Many’, 2011 <http://www.dezeen. com/2011/08/02/nonlinlin-pavilion-by-marc-fornes-thevery-many/> [accessed 19 March 2015] 16.Evolo.us, ‘Digital & Parametric Architecture - Evolo | Architecture Magazine’, 2014 <http://www.evolo. us/magazine/digital-parametric-architecture/> [accessed 20 March 2015]
3. ’Vancouver Convent 2015 <http://www.va jack-poole-plaza/> [acc
4. ’Vancouver Convent 2015 <http://www.va jack-poole-plaza/> [acc
5. Fry, Tony (2008). Desig and New Practice (Oxfo
6. Halifax.mediacoop.ca Op Lands Canadian Pro Buildings List’, 2015 <htt release/7159> [accessed
7. Sustain.ucla.edu, ‘Wh tainability’, 2015 <http:// what-is-sustainability/> [a
8. iGNANT, ‘Floating Gre <http://www.ignant.d house-by-studiomobile/>
9.Studiomobile.org, ‘Stud diomobile.org/Jellyfish-Ba
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a, ‘Nova Scotia Consulting Cooject On International Top Green tp://halifax.mediacoop.ca/newsd 19 March 2015]
kes it green?’ , 2015 <http://wmig. 3> [accessed 19 March 2015]
tion Centre » Jack Poole Plaza’, ancouverconventioncentre.com/ cessed 19 March 2015]
tion Centre » Jack Poole Plaza’, ancouverconventioncentre.com/ cessed 19 March 2015]
gn Futuring: Sustainability, Ethics ord: Berg), pp. 1–16
a, ‘Nova Scotia Consulting Cooject On International Top Green tp://halifax.mediacoop.ca/newsd 19 March 2015]
hat Is Sustainability? | UCLA Sus/www.sustain.ucla.edu/about-us/ accessed 19 March 2015]
eenhouse By Studiomobile’, 2015 de/2014/12/18/floating-green> [accessed 19 March 2015]
diomobile’, 2014 <http://www.stuarge> [accessed 19 March 2015]
10. Fry, Tony (2008). Design Futuring: Sustainability, Ethics and New Practice (Oxford: Berg), pp. 1–16 11. Dunne, Anthony & Raby, Fiona (2013) Speculative Everything: Design Fiction, and Social Dreaming (MIT Press) pp. 1-9, 33-45 12. Voyatzis, Costas, ‘The Heydar Aliyev Center By Zaha Hadid Architects In Baku, Azerbaijan | Yatzer’, Yatzer.com, 2015 <http://www.yatzer.com/heydar-aliyev-center-baku-azerbaijan-zaha-hadid-architects> [accessed 19 March 2015] 13. Voyatzis, Costas, ‘The Heydar Aliyev Center By Zaha Hadid Architects In Baku, Azerbaijan | Yatzer’, Yatzer.com, 2015 <http://www.yatzer.com/heydar-aliyev-center-baku-azerbaijan-zaha-hadid-architects> [accessed 19 March 2015] 14.Oxman, Rivka and Robert Oxman, eds (2014). Theories of the Digital in Architecture (London; New York: Routledge), pp. 1–10 15.Dezeen.com, 2015 <http://www.dezeen.com/2013/09/29/itried-to-create-something-between-architecture-and-naturesou-fujimoto-on-serpentine-gallery-pavilion-2013/> [accessed 19 March 2015] 16. Dezeen.com, 2015 <http://www.dezeen.com/2013/09/29/itried-to-create-something-between-architecture-and-naturesou-fujimoto-on-serpentine-gallery-pavilion-2013/> [accessed 19 March 2015] 17. Dezeen, ‘Nonlin/Lin Pavilion By Marc Fornes/ And The Very Many’, 2011 <http://www.dezeen.com/2011/08/02/nonlinlinpavilion-by-marc-fornes-the-very-many/> [accessed 19 March 2015] 18.Dezeen, ‘Nonlin/Lin Pavilion By Marc Fornes/ And The Very Many’, 2011 <http://www.dezeen.com/2011/08/02/nonlinlinpavilion-by-marc-fornes-the-very-many/> [accessed 19 March 2015] 19. Peters, Brady. (2013) ‘Computation Works: The Building of Algorithmic Thought’, Architectural Design, 83, 2, pp. 08-15 20. Evolo.us, ‘Digital & Parametric Architecture - Evolo | Architecture Magazine’, 2014 <http://www.evolo.us/magazine/digital-parametric-architecture/> [accessed 20 March 2015] 21. Peters, Brady. (2013) ‘Computation Works: The Building of Algorithmic Thought’, Architectural Design, 83, 2, pp. 08-15
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PART B CRITERIA DESIGN
B.1
RESEARCH FIELD: BIOMIMICRY
Biomimicry is an innovative approach that tries to achieve sustainability and to solve human problems by emulating natureâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s pattern and strategies. The purpose is to create designs and processes that are extract from the nature, which are well adapted to life on earth for a long time over natural selection. The main idea is that nature already solved many challenges that we are facing in its own system. There are rules that lie under the living pattern in animals, plants, and organism, and biomimicry is to develop these secrets behind the nature and apply it to solve the problems in human world. Biomimicry has inspired the development of new technologies, and it has influenced greatly in many fields. I
have chosen biomimicry as my field research because of the variety and abundance that I can adapt from nature is unlimited and inspiration can surprisingly be taken from anywhere. This gives me the ability to approximate complex forms that is taken from nature and develop further more.
Computation design has revitalized an interest in in biomimiciry by providing us a ways to easily explore and incorporate it into our design where traditional ways were difficult to achieve the organic forms. Computation has saved time and labor, any changes that made to modify the design can be seen immediately. Digital technology now extends the possibility for us to explore the form with greater variety at relative ease.
Biomimicry is becoming increasingly relevant to building as architects are striving to push the limits of complex form in design. It is a concept of how to connect architecture with nature and incorporate the design in its surroundings. This involves the thinking of reaching sustainability and environmental friendly results. The use of material and peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s interaction between nature and the design comes into consideration.
B.2 CASE STUDY 1.0 :
SPANISH PAVILI
Spanish Pavilion is a project designed by foreign Office Architects in the Architecture exhibition in Japan in 2005. The Pavilion aims to represent Spain in Gothic and Islamic culture throughout history. The building is organized with a large central area and seven smaller area connected with it, each of them has a specific function. The plan layout is similar to the spatial arrangement of a chapel. The creative process of this building combines a selection of architectural elements of Spanish culture. The building envelope is composed by continuous vaulted space that creates a vaulted bubble, which represents the ornate gothic vaults and Islamic domes. The exterior is a non-repetitive fluid pattern formed by hexagonal base, the most decorative element in Gothic and Islamic art. The colors of the hexagonal is mainly red and yellow, which are the color of the Spanish flag symbolizing wine, blood and sun that are closely associated with Spain.
ION
Matrix of iterations
Explore the possibilities of the definition
Imag
n, change existing parameters, input geometries and component options.
ge sampler
Basic vectors
Point and cell
Change vectors to create different x,y,z components
Move cell and point based on original definition
Change image sampler to create different expression and change the math operator for range of numbers
Shap
pes
Radial Grid
Offset
Changed hexagonal grid to radial grid and adjust the vectors of cells and points
Offset with different shapes and change cells and points
Change polyline to circle, rectangular and hexygon
Selection Criteria
The four iteration that I chose are based on a criteria that I can further develop with and ap than others because they are distinctively different from the original form in structure. The cu comb structure, the structure of these iteration can be taken out and become a chain of ge look into each component in the pattern and create a solid structure.
Highlight Iterations
In developing the iterations from the Spanish pavilion definition, I attempted to be experimental and explore the design possibilities by playing within the parameters that affect form. In this iteration I changed the hexagonal grid to radial grid, this makes each cell of the pattern radial from its center, which makes it hollow in the center. I also changed the points and cell to achieve different forms and shapes. It surprised me when I changed the grid because the honey comb structure lose its connection and became individual components.
This iteration is also a result of changing to radial grid, I reduced the sides in each cells to make it from hexagonal to triangular structure. The change of the vectors in x,y,z components creates the spiky structure. The changes in the vectors affect whether the triangular outline is sharp or smooth, and the change in points affect the length and direction of the spike.
pply them to my design. The four highlighted outcomes are more successful urves are not all connected to form a faรงade, different from the original honey eometries or one geometry individual. I can develop not just a faรงade but also
This pattern is the result of changing the points and cells, the form in each of the component inside changed from hexagonal to different shapes. I offset the curves, the distance of the offset changed the pattern expression. Each of the component inside the pattern became to have a thicker boundary, the ones that are not offset makes the image sampler pattern easier to be observed.
I changed the polyline to rectangle structure in this iteration, the rectangular shape overlapped with one another, which creates a chain like structure. I arrange the spacing between each rectangle through vector changes to make different forms. The offset of rectangle make the pattern looks like connected chains. What I observed from this pattern is that the image sampler became unobservable, the traces of the image cannot be seen in this pattern.
Analysis of the results The 32 iterations are substantially different from the original project, these can be used in architecture not just an exterior faรงade, but also transformed into other shapes. Throughout the making process, i understand the how to build works by grasshopper. I think what I can do for this definition is to extrude the pattern and investigate how the form changes in 3D, and make it not just a flat curve but to extend to solid panels or solid geometries. However, my exploration is somehow retrained by the definition, sometimes I try to add on parametric it could not work. What I learn from the iterations is that it is challenging to make some of them to be fabricated, I need to consider more on details and the complexity of structure to apply them to my future design.
B.3 CASE STUDY 2.0 :
MIST TREE TOWE
ER Mist tree tower is conceptual project proposed in Chileâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Atacama Desert. The purpose of the tower is to capture water from the fog in the desert area where the amount of clean drinking water is very limited. The proposal is to bring coastal fog from the west coast of Chile and draw it through the mountain chain to inland region. This conceptual tower demonstrate the potential for buildings in the future by installing a condenser, activated-carbon filter and storage tank to achieve desirable result. The tower includes a series of huge circular mesh, embedded in the surface of the cooler mountain area to achieve greatest surface area to capture water. The net structure is inspire by spider web that capture moist when fog touches the web, it creates a chain of waterdrop and hold them on the web. The façade of the mist tree is formed of section of a tree root, which maximize the ability of the net structure. Also, the warm air provided by the interior of the building condense more moisture to the net structure on the exterior.
Reverse Engineering Approach 1
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Set a rectangle
I put populate 2D to populate the rectangle with points and connect with voronoi to create the distribution pattern
Add debrep an boundary to tri voronoi in a rec
nd im the ctangle.
Step 4
Step 5
Connect trim with circle and polygon center so the web is spreading out from the center
Add debrep and connect to nurbs to construct a nurb from control point, and connect to offset to change to gap of the web
Approach 3
This approach is tha the circles and the of the pattern. As i a changed.
Approach 2
This approach is to connect the first approach with the second approach, butI had trouble with connecting the graph mapper to the rectangle and voronoi, I rewrote the script and changed where the grasshopper file showed red problem.
The outcome of th from the center to branching from it, original pattern is a circles outside the ment, it is not the s rectangle which is
at I used graph mapper to rearrange the distribution of web structure, so it creates different shapes and density adjust and change the graph mapper type, the pattern
his reverse engineering is a centralized pattern with the sizes of the circles getting larger o the edge. It has a radial pattern as there is a central point with the arrays of circles and the branch of array can be adjusted by the number slider to divide curve. The also centralized, yet the circles are larger in a certain area in the center, and smaller e area. In the center of the original form is a cluster of circles with random arrangesame as the reverse engineering radial pattern form. Also The base of this project is a s different from the original project that sites on a circle base.
B.4 Technique: Development Graph Mapping and dividing curves
Extrude
Mesh sphere and solids
Extrusion
Surface Planarisation
Form Finding with forces
I used surface planarization to combine with a curve, so it form a surface that ha it. The holes in between the web can be vegetation that represents the site, as th structure will change and become dens are filled with vege-tation.
This iteration is a radius grid based on the the grid and found that the intersections interesting relationship. The intersection o space in it, which made it a complex stru ation I think I can bend and twist its flat s standing weave out of it. This can be a p people in the site.
Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;m interesting in the intersection of the m do they connect in-ternally, and the exp spheres. I think that it is interesting if I pull but leave the sphere with the intersectio dome or shell which can be built as a pa the web pattern to the shell and allow na tion, so people inside can see the view fr
This form finding with force iteration is ge tured. I set the anchor points to make it s ners of the web and one in the middle. It this structure which I think can be built as to site on. The material can be transpare holes, so when you sit on it, it looks like yo nature and you can feel the grass touch holes.
the original pattern as web structure on e placed with local he plant grows, the ser because the holes
e pattern, I extruded s of the lines has an of each line form a ucture. For this itershape and create a pavilion that gathers
mesh spheres, how perience inside the l the spheres apart on cut, it can be a avilion. Also project atural light penetrarom the holes.
eometrically strucstand on four cort turned out to be s a chair for people ent and with hollow ou are hold by the hing you through the
The iterations are all derived from the pattern of the first approach, I developed the pattern in many different ways and tries to achieve as many possibilities as possible. I tried to break the definition and also add more to it. The selection criteria is how I can apply and connect the design to the nature of the site.
B.5 Technique: Prototypes
This prototype is to test the geometry structure and how does each panel connect. Every panel in this prototype tilt in different angles and directions, and the flat panel has to be cut precisely to match the adjacent panel to form the whole structure. In this prototype, I cut out the pieces and stick them together, this turned out to be weak in structure because the connection is not fixed and sta-ble.This can be made by paper cutting on the folds and edges, and make tabs to stick panels in place.
This prototype is to test how do sphere connect and the space between the in-tersections. I used polystyrene ball to act as the spheres and I connect them with nail pins. I put nail pins to connect two balls and kept connecting spheres together. This method of fabricating prototype is quite free because the shape forms in where the pin connection is. The overall form can be easily arranged and adapt differently. It can be a flat plane made up of spheres or a pyramid that the spheres piled up. Although it is easy to create different structures, it is not stable. The pin does not act as a rigid tie, the structure shifts and moves very easily. The struc-ture resembles molecules, when the connection is not strong enough and the heat condition activates the molecules, the movement will result in the collapse of the structure. To fix this, I tried to strengthen structure by inserting smaller spheres to fill the gaps and stop the big ones from rotating. The small sphere becomes a support and it became relatively stable. What I learn from this prototype is the importance of structure stability. I can develop this prototype to be hollow inside, and connect the surface where the sphere intersects, it then become a firm structure with curves walls that carry the structural load. The spatial experiment will be interesting too.
B.6 Technique: Proposal
Precedent Study Flowing Gardens by Plasma studio This project features the redevelopment of a large area of land that acts as a representation of culture and technology where landscape and architecture converge at a sustainable and integral vision. The plan of the project consist of a network of landscape, circulation and architecture. The circulation branches from a single stream to form a borders of garden space.
Proposal
The Brunswick terminal station is a area with facilities that generates electricity for household use located in surrounding area. It is located next to Merri creek which is surrounded by residential blocks and educational institutions such as Northcote high school and Merri creek primary school. The terminal station is considered as an unpleasant and dangerous are by the local residents, and it also negatively effects the natural environment of Merri creek. The atmosphere in the site is not comfortable as the terminal station is separated from the surrounding nature. The users in the site are mostly walking dogs, jogging and biking along the path. The main circulation of the site is the trail along the creek. The users donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t usually stop to look at the views and enjoy nature of the creek. However, the trail is subject to flooding, and there are alternate flood route that joing the trail along the creek.
The concept of my design is to redirect user pattern and bring in nature into the design. I want to create a circulation flow spreading from the web structure, with a variety of local vegetation planting in the design. This will affects the micro climate of the site that more vegetation is covering the landscape, the flood will be rela-tively controlled as the tree roots stables the soil and absorbs water, rather than exposed soil or just cover by grass. This will change the diversity of forms in the landscape and the complexity of form over time. The design will be placed to cover the Sumner park, which is a playground and only covered by grass. It is also a spacious area that suits landscape changes.
B.7 Learning Objectives and Outcome
In the process of doing part B journal, I have encounter many challenges. The main challenge is to familiarize with grasshopper, especially in the reverse engi-neering project that we have to come up with a logic way to create the definition. The parametric study is not just about how to make a shape for the design, it is about the logic of understanding what lie behind each parameters you put in that change the computation process. It is important to know the difference between a curve, mesh, surface and how the component act on and change the design. Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;m struggling with the logic of connecting the codes, however, after I practice how the definitions on lms and the videos, I broke the definitions and learned the result of adding on different codes. It is difficult and sometimes confusing. Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;m learning it slow but Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;m making progress. When I tried kangaroo for the first time I was sur-prised by it. It is amazing and it extended my ability to create different forms. The site visit helped me understand the condition of the site and enlightened me on my proposal.
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B.8 Appendix- Algorithmic Sketches FRACTAL TETRAHEDRA
Reference Bimoimicry design(2015)http://biomimicry.org/ Cilento, Karen. “Flowing Gardens / Plasma Studio” 09 Jun 2009. ArchDaily. Accessed 01 May 2015. <http://www.archdaily.com/?p=24306> Dunne, Anthony & Raby, Fiona (2013) Speculative Everything: Design Fiction, and Social Dreaming (MIT Press) pp. 1-9, 33-45 Earth. http://earthtechling.com/2013/04/moisture-harvesting-pulling-water-out-of-thin-air/ Eden Project <http://www.allposters.com/-sp/Three-Biomes-of-the-Eden-Project-LargestGreenhouses-in-the-World-Posters_i7897751_.htm> Fry, Tony (2008). Design Futuring: Sustainability, Ethics and New Practice (Oxford: Berg), pp. 1–16 Voyatzis, Costas, ‘The Heydar Aliyev Center By Zaha Hadid Architects In Baku, Azerbaijan | Yatzer’, Yatzer.com, 2015 <http://www.yatzer.com/heydar-aliyev-center-baku-azerbaijan-zaha-hadid-architects> [accessed 19 March 2015] Spanish Pavilion<http://www.ceramicarchitectures.com/obras/spanish-pavilion-expo-2005/>
PART C. DETAILED DESIGN
The detailed design phase is the conclusion of the whole design, it is a conclusion of all the developments of ideas. This part focuses on the final stage of design, which will show the finalzed concept and documentation of model making.
C.1. DESIGN CONCEPT
A PAVILION THAT PROVIDES SHADING AND GATHERING SPACE, IT ALSO TURN SUNLIGHT INTO ENERGY INSPIRED BY THE MORPHOLOGY OF LEAF CELLS,
BIOMIMICRY
The field research i chose is biomimicry, i want to incorportate the theme of nature into my design.The brief is to connect the nature to existing environment, i want to achieve this through putting elements that are closely related to nature. When i was in the site i looked around and the natural environment and the greenry inspired me. Vegetation brings possitive influence to the site, it providesa space for residents to do activities and relax, and its a natural system that makes Merri creek continues to thrive.
I focus on the leaf cells. the structure of a leaf surface with cell wall, cell membrane and stoma.
CELL WALL
STOMA
CHLOROPHL
The cell wall surrounds the cell membrane and provides cells with structural support and protection.
a stoma is a pore, found in the epidermis of leaves, stems and other organs that is used to control gas exchange.
Chlorophyl allow plants to absorb energy from light.
SITE ANALYSIS
BRUNSWICK TERMINAL STATION
EDUCATIONAL AREA
RESIDENTIAL AREA
The purpose of this pavilion is to create a space of educational funtions. The Terminal station has negative effects to the surrounding neighborhood because it isolate itself from the natural environment, and the generation of electricity cause pollution in that area. Near the terminal station are the schools, which i want to create a space that educate residents and students on the importance of protecting environment, because it is closely related to their everyday life. The site i choose is Sumner Park, which sits in the center of Brunswick Terminal Station, Northcote High school and Merri Creek Primary school. its also a place where the residents and students go for a walk and exercise.
DESIGN DEVELOPMENT
I set a boundary that includes the terminal station, the schools and the residents who are most likely to use the site.
BOUNDARY
VEGETATION DISTRIBUTION
The natural environment in the site is what i want to incorporate into the design, the vegetation distribution around the site i choose, and the creek flow that affects the area.
CREEK FLOW
Boundary
Greenery distribution pattern simplified
combined pattern
overlapped part
GRASSHOPPER TECHNIQUE
i chose voronoi pattern becaues it resembles the structure of cell walls on the leaf. its closely connected, tight and irregular.
Set anchor points on overlapped part
i used kangaroo to find the form and the points above to set anchor points, and it set the form of the pavilion. The basic structure of the pavilion.
DEVELOPMENT OF FORM EXTRUSION
PATCH
OFFSET
PATCH AND OFFSET IN CULL PATTERN
EXTRUSION
EXTRUSION IN CULL PATTERN
TWO TYPES OF EXTRUSION IN CULL PATTERN
EXTRUSION ON TOP AND PATCH UNDERNEATH
THE DISPATCH OF 2 TYPES OF EXTRUSION, PATCH AND OFFSET
CELL WALL
STOM
VORONOI FRAME EXTRUSION
RANDO OFFSE
MA
OM ET
MEMBRANE
PATCH
FINAL MODEL
EXTRUSION Since the overall form is defined by the distribution of the greenery, i put the creek flow into the design as well, creating an inward extrusion.
SPATIAL QUALITIES
LIGHT QUALITIES
The pavilion has a smooth surface on the exterior, which is very different from whats inside. the smooth surface resembes the leaf surface, and the interior is the cell wall structure and the stoma, providing different experience both visually and spatially.
There are two types of lighting effect, one is the direct lighting from the the offset surface and the other is the indirect light from the extrusions. The light tha go through the extrusions are more concentrated, a smaller lighting area tha nthe offset ones.
MATERIALITY Compressed fiber sheet •Immune to permanent water damage •Impact-resistant and immune to termite attacks •Highly durable and dimensionally stable •Suitable for wet areas and for cladding external decking •Non-combustible and easy to work Galvanised steel frame •steel frame act as structural system like cell walls. •non corrusive surface •sustainable, can be reused and recycle
C.2. TECHTONIC ELEMENTS
S AND PROTOTYPES
This prototype is to test the rigidity o ly make a form, i toughly made a fro made a balloon and stick the thread shape like my design. this prototype on its own. Also, i used this prototyp ow effect. The thread is thin and it cr . Overall, because i used thread,whi be the material for finla model but it
of the form. In order to quickom by thread and PVA glue. i d on the balloon to form an oval e is to make sure that it stands pe to explore the ligh and shadreates a messy yet clear shade ich is weak in structure, it canâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t did create surprising outcome.
CONNECTIONS TEST CONNECTIONS
FINGER JOINTS
CIRCLE PLATE
rigiid but time consuming to make the crosses
Thereâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s some space in the center of circle, when the structure is connected ,it doesnt have the continuou lines .
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us
SCREW AND CLEAT PLATE Simple and rigid
FINAL CONNECTION NAIL AND BENDING PLATE Insert cleat plate into the compressed fibre sheet and screw tight.
CAM CONNECTION A screw system that can rotate according to the direction of extrutions.
CLEAT PLATE Screw and cleat plate
C.3. FINAL DE
ETAILMODEL
UNROLL AND NUMBERED
MODEL MAKING PROCESS
FINAL MODEL
C.4. LEARNING OBJECTIVES AND OUTCOMES
Studio Air introduced us a new design approach, parametric design, whcih is surprisingly a powerful tool in terms of digital design. In the learning process of Grasshopper, i encountered many difficulties and frustration when altering into parametric thinking. However, this opened a brand new way of designing to me because there is a broader possibility in what i can do with my design. Through computation, i can develop beyond my own thinking, i can put what i imagined into digital model, and use digital model to fabricate physical model. In part C when fabricating my model. there is a lot of problems and it really takes a long time to figure things out. its not just about getting my model cut and assembled, its about a problem solving process. How does this connect? The shape is wrong, how to fix it? There are more problems come out when you thought you are about to finish. These challenges however, prepare myself better when i move on to the next step. i will think more carefully about the next step before i start to avoid possible probelms. Studio Air has brought me a new technique in design, parametric disign ahs been widely used in the field of architecture and other industries. i think it is the way of design of future and it will continue to develop. To sum up, this studio is intellectually challenging and amazing. iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve learnt a lot from this studio. in my opnion, i think for my design, i still need a lot to be improved in terms of computation, parametric design, and fabrication. its not the best design but i really tried my best. And i have to thank Caitlyn for being so dedicated in helping us and spend so much time on finding and giving us informations and resources on Grasshopper and other techniques needed inthis studio. These sources really helped me a lot and iwill continue to use them and practise more in the future. A great studio, great tutor and classmates!
THANK
YOU :)