DEVELOPMENT OF LIGHTNING DROTECTION DESIGN USING METHODS QUALITY CONTROL CIRCLE (QCC) IN THE COAL MI

International Journal of Mechanical and Production Engineering Research and Development (IJMPERD) ISSN (P): 2249–6890; ISSN (E): 2249–8001 Vol. 10, Issue 3, Jun 2020, 3515–3530 © TJPRC Pvt. Ltd.

DEVELOPMENT OF LIGHTNING DROTECTION DESIGN USING METHODS QUALITY CONTROL CIRCLE (QCC) IN THE COAL MINING INDUSTRY SILVESTER EKA JEMALI1, ERRY RIMAWAN2 & ANTONIUS SETYADI3 1,2

Magister Industrial Engineering Program, Mercu Buana University, Jakarta, Indonesia 3

Magister Management Program, Mercu Buana University, Jakarta, Indonesia

ABSTRACT In the current era, there are still many business ventures in the world whose production and distribution processes are affected by the impact of natural phenomena and climate change. A natural phenomenon that is often found in tropical regions is lightning. Indonesia, which has 17,504 islands separated by the sea, is crossed by the Pacific Ring of Fire and the Alpide Belt with 200 days of thunder so that Indonesia is included in the category of countries that are vulnerable to lightning strikes. Companies engaged in coal mining business services in Indonesia such as PT XYZ from 2013 February 2018 experienced 10 cases with a total loss due to lightning strikes reaching 6 billion Rupiah and at risk of multiple fatality which caused death to one or several employees. In anticipating the phenomenon of lightning strikes, PT XYZ used lightning protection until there were 3 designs, but there were still several cases of lightning strikes that

concerning work safety and the Regulation of the Minister of Manpower of the Republic of Indonesia Number: PER / 02.MEN / 1989 concerning supervision of the installation of lightning dealers and the achievement of production and protection of company assets. Related to this, design research is needed using the 8-step Quality Control Circle (QCC) method. After developing the design of the lightning protection, no damage was found due to direct lightning strikes until the end of 2019

Original Article

caused losses. The use of the lightning protection becomes part of the framework of implementing Law No. 1 of 1970

KEYWORDS: Lightning, Lightning Protection, Design and QCC

Received: Jun 09, 2020; Accepted: Jun 29, 2020; Published: Jun 30, 2020; Paper Id.: IJMPERDJUN2020335

1. INTRODUCTION In the current era, there are still many business in the world whose production and distribution processes of products are influenced by the effects of climate change and natural phenomena. Agriculture and plantation are disrupted when there is a dry or prolonged rainy season, construction business services and distributors whose production activities will be disrupted when there is prolonged rain, and so on where the loss will also affect the activities of producers, distributors, consumers and lead to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of a country. Reporting from TIME, the impact of global warming is known to reduce world GDP. In fact, in 2100 it is estimated that world GDP will decrease by 23 percent. If this happens in the long run, it is very likely that the estimate can become a reality and will certainly be very detrimental to many parties The natural phenomenon that caused the impact of large losses on the company occurred at the Pertamina Sangasanga PPP Station May 2018 due to rain accompanied by lightning strikes which caused the main tank to explode with an estimated loss of 75 billion Rupiah along with delayed distribution losses shown in Figure 1.1

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Figure 1.1: Pertamina's oil refinery tank is struck by lightning (Source : https://www.liputan6.com/bisnis, 2018) In Indonesia, based on data from Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) in 2016, it has 17,504 islands which are separated by sea by the Pacific fire ring and Alpide belt and is one of the tropical countries with high rainfall with thundercloud which is very dominant as an active convective area which has an impact on the high number of Thunder Storm Days in Indonesia. A comparison of several days of thunder in several countries can be shown in Figure 1.2

Figure 1.2: Thunder Day in Several Countries Source : (PT Zeus Prima Garda, 2018) With 200 days of thunder, Indonesia was included in the category of a country that was vulnerable to lightning strikes. From the 1991 thunderstorm data mapping from 50 selected observation points in all regions of Indonesia, the highest average value of thunder day occurred at Palangkaraya, which is 300 days a year which is shown in Table 1

No Location 1 Balikpapan 2 Banjarmasin 3 Kota Baru 4 Muara Teweh 5 Nanga Pinoh 6 Paloh 7 Pangk Bun 8 Palangkaraya 9 Pontianak 10 Putusbau 11 Samarinda 12 Susilo Sintang 13 Tanjung Selor Source : (Data BMG, 1999)

Table 1.1 Level of Lightning Hazard in Kalimantan Area Average Thunder Day / year IKL Lightning hazard level 227 62.10 High 85 23.18 Low 58 15.89 Low 267 73.20 High 112 30.82 Medium 188 51.56 High 237 65.04 High 298 81.68 High 219 60.00 High 169 46.30 Medium 172 47.06 Medium 144 39.45 Medium 88 24.20 Low

Table 1.1 shows Palangkaraya, Balikpapan, Muara Teweh, Paloh, Pangk Bun, and Pontianak which are various industrial areas from offices, plantation, agriculture, and coal mining service businesses with high Average Thunder Day / Impact Factor (JCC): 8.8746

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year. In industries engaged in mining business services such as PT XYZ, natural factors determine the success of production. In the majority of mining companies has a policy when there is rain in the mining area, production activities are stopped until conditions are declared safe to protect company assets and worker safety. From 2013 until February 2018 PT XYZ experienced 10 cases of damaging strikes shown in Figure 1.3

Figure 1.3: Destructive Lightning Strike on PT. XYZ Lightning protection are important to provide protection for company assets in accordance with Law No. 1 of 1970 concerning Work Safety and Regulation of the Minister of Manpower of the Republic of Indonesia Number: PER / 02.MEN / 1989 concerning the supervision of lightning installations. The form of lightning protection can be shown in Figure 1.4 by using a triangle tower to protect the company's assets in the office area.

Figure 1.4: Lightning Protection

2. LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1.1 Design Before forming a product, a preparatory step is needed, one of which is the design step, by considering everything that will affect the quality of the product later. The failure of the design professionals to produce complete, accurate and wellcoordinated design results in defects which may be grouped under design error, omission or a combination of both (Waziri, 2016). Kiong and Akasah (2012) are of the view that design and maintenance are actually two crucial criteria in the building process on which the life cycle of buildings depends.When building designs are poorly presented it can also affect the productivity of artisans such as plumbers, bricklayers, masons and so on (Afolabi et al., 2018). The Chartered Institute of Building (1982) stated the design stage can be used to positively influence the entire life cycle of the building including future maintenance. Hence, designers need to be aware and trained on the vast implication of their design decisions on the project lifecycle. Designers need to consider the safety of artisans that carry out maintenance works (Tunji-Olayeni et al., 2018). Definition of design becomes broad and varied as the growth of the profession in various countries which have many lines of fields and interests. One form of design is product design or Industrial Design. In the research form of product design in the world of mining business services, is the design of lightning protection that provide protection to employees and company assets by capturing and delivering lightning flows to the earthing system. At PT XYZ the design of lightning protection products is divided into three designs, namely:

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•

Design A: Lightning Protection using tower triangle, head confessional and BC 50mm² cable (fix tower)

•

Design B: Lightning Protection using tower triangle, electrostatic heads and double shielded cables (fix tower)

•

Design C: Lightning Protection using monopole tower, electrostatic head and double shielded cable (fix tower)

2.1.2 Quality Control Circle (QCC) Quality control circles (QCCs) were defined by Ishikawa (1985) as “small group of workers, from the same work place, who meet together on a regular, voluntary basis to perform quality control activities and engage in self and mutual development”. A QCC is a team of up to 12 people who usually work together and who meet voluntarily on a regular basis “to identify, investigate, analyze and solve their work-related problems” (Department of Trade and Industry (UK), 1992, in Millson and Kirk-Smith, 1996). These people are trained to structure problem identification, evaluation, solution and process flowcharting, histograms, check sheets, Pareto analysis, cause and effect diagrams and control charts (Ishikawa, 1976). A considerable number of literature on QCCs has developed over the past three decades since the first time the program was used in Japan in 1962, in the USA by Lockheed in 1974, and in the UK by Rolls-Royce in 1978 (Boaden and Dale, 1993). Nowadays, there are many applications of the program in both manufacturing (for, e.g. see Dale, 1984; Banas, 1988; Collard and Dale, 1989; and Pinnington and Hammersley, 1997) and service (e.g., see Berry et al., 1989; Smith and Lewis, 1989; and Millson and Kirk-Smith,1996) industries. According to Piczak (1988), among the potential advantages of QCCs include: they involve and develop employees, and can directly address problems in areas such as quality, productivity, efficiency, costs, communication, absenteeism, staff turnover and grievances as well as competition.

Furthermore, the techniques also result in other benefits including helping: employees learn to work towards a common goal with people at different organizational levels and from different parts of the organization, thus reducing communication barriers between managers and staff; increase in job satisfaction and decrease in frustration among them; increase the members’ skill levels; and increase their control over their own environment (Piczak, 1988).

2.1.3 Lightning Lightning / lightning is a natural symptom of electricity in the Earth's atmosphere that cannot be prevented (Kasus et al., 2016) that occurs due to the release of positive and negative electrical charges contained in clouds. The general process of lightning can be explained as follows from the top of the cloud there are ice crystals (temperature -50oC) which are positively charged and at the bottom of the cloud concentrated negative charge (temperature 20oC). In this area a small positive charge will accumulate which will fall with rain. The concentration of the negative charge at the bottom of the cloud will cause the induction of a positive charge above the surface of the ground, thus forming an electric field between the cloud and the ground. If the electric field exceeds the translucent field, there will be a release of charge called lightning.

Lightning that reaches the ground is what needs to be anticipated because electric lightning strikes are causing damage due to the large amount of lightning and there is no lightning dealer that protects or does not function properly.

2.1.4 Mining Currently the mining industry is also the belle of business in several countries. The mining sector is a strategic sector, in addition to regions that are rich in natural resources, mining is the backbone for the region's income (Djajadiningrat 2007).

In its definition, according to the Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia. (KKBI, 1990), the notion of mining is to dig (take) minerals from the ground. Meanwhile, according to Supramono (2012), mining is an activity carried out by excavation into the ground (earth) to get something in the form of mining products. According to Latupono (2005), there are four stages of Impact Factor (JCC): 8.8746

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modern mining activities today, as follows: •

Prospecting, aims to find mining materials that have a sale value (metal or non-metal minerals).

•

Exploration, aims to determine the accuracy of mining material reserves. At this stage, a feasibility study is conducted.

•

Development, is the stage of opening a deposit of mining materials for the next stage, namely production, at this stage carried out: a) cessation of activity if at stage 2 (exploration stage) is not feasible mining; b) study of environmental impacts, appropriate technology, and licensing; c) construction of access roads and transportation systems; d) determining the location of factories and construction facilities; e) clearing of mining material.

•

Exploitation, is the stage of mining material production.

3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY In dealing with natural phenomena namely lightning, the method used by researchers in providing solutions so that lightning protection can function properly is to use the Qality Control Circle method by performing 8 systematic steps.

Before entering the 8 steps it is necessary to make a QCC team which is explained as follows Chair

: Silvester

Safety

: Yopie J.

Civil Construction

: Bakhtiar and M. Satrio

:

Mechanical, Electrical & Plumbing : Wisnu W., M. Agus S., Eko H., Otis N. Then a profile mapping was carried out on each member using radar charts to obtain information about design development, cost benefit analysis, structure analysis, process tendering, business process, 8 steps and PDCA so that they could complement each other in supporting this research. Mapping profiles of each member can be shown in Figure 3.1 below

Figure 3.1: mapping of Profiles team Member QCC Gambar 4.2: Gambar Profil Pemetaan Member Team QCC Sumber : Data Diolah Next Step, the QCC team designed and agreed a time schedule together to carry out the 8 steps as a form of guidance and www.tjprc.org

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commitment in completing this research shown in Table 3.1 Table 3.1.: QCC Time Schedule

The next step is to use the 8 steps in QCC in order to identify problems, provide solutions to continuous improvement so that research is obtained that can provide added value to the company and employees indicated in accordance with the steps below: Step 1: Make the theme and title PT XYZ, one of the projects in Central Kalimantan until 2017, there were a number of lightning strikes which caused damage to heavy equipment units, communication equipment and potentially endangered employees resulting in production losses, the company's trace hold safety was not achieved and hampered the information process from company technology. One of the cases occurred on September 10, 2017 at 23.15 West Indonesia Time, a strike that caused damage to the HD tire with a total loss of 1.4 billion shown in Figure 3.2 below

Figure 3.2: HD-785 Unit Tires that Explode Due to Lightning Strikes From these problems, company evaluations were discussed through the SHE (Safety, Health and Environment), BOD, General Managers and relevant Managers to take further action through performance reviews of lightning protection to provide solutions so that no losses over the lightning strike again. This evaluation support is also strengthened through the company's president letter in 2017 which has the statement "Protection of employees and scope through targeted programs must be increased towards Zero Incident, HCGS Policy 2017 which is to significantly reduce the frequency of incident traffic, electric, civil and maintenance (incident tracehold) according to the target set and Law Number 1 of 1970 concerning Work Safety and Regulation of the Minister of Manpower of the Republic of Indonesia Number: PER / 02 / MEN / 1989 concerning Supervision of Lightning Dealer Installation and review based on the hazard code analysis described by data the following:

Impact Factor (JCC): 8.8746

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Frequency :

Based on data from PT Zeus experts, Indonesia is located in the hot and humid equatorial region, resulting in a very high thunder day (IKL) compared to other areas (100-200 days per year), the density of lightning strikes in Indonesia is also very large at 12 / km2 / a year which means that in every 1 km2 area, it has the potential to receive lightning strikes 12 times each year. The energy produced by lightning strikes reaches 55 kwhours, so it can be said to often occur because it has the highest frequency in the world (> 150) VALUE: 5 traits: Cannot be controlled b)

Severity:

The risk of severity that will arise when a lightning strike occurs can cause multiple fatality and propert damage considering that in the change shift area there are many employees who are free standing outside the cabin without lightning protection.

VALUE: 5 traits: Cannot be controlled c)

Possibilities:

The possibility of lightning strikes to employees and heavy equipment units in the change shift area can be said to be most likely. Viewing from lightning strikes on units at other job site locations VALUE: 4 Properties: Can be controlled So we get the hazard code analysis, Frequency x Severity x Possibility 5 X 5 X 4 = 100 HAZARD CODE: AA which means Very Dangerous From this background becomes input in the Business Case, Problem Statement and Project Scope which helps focus on solving the problem described in the information below: a) Business Case This research must be carried out to provide active protection of company assets from lightning. If the repairs are not immediately carried out then, the unstable productivity due to strikes in the mine area will cause losses until 2017 to reach: IDR 1.4 billion and other large potential from fatality, property damage and hampering the company's information process. b) Problem Statement Until February 2018, there were a number of lightning strikes that damaged the company's assets, especially the production units and potentially endangered employees while working so as to have a direct impact on achieving production achievements, the company's trace hold safety and hindering the process of information from company technology, c) Project Scope : This study focuses on improving the design of lightning protection in order to increase protection of company assets So it is obtained: www.tjprc.org

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Theme: Design Development Lightning Protection Title : Development of Lightning Drotection Design Using Methods Quality Control Circle (QCC) in the Coal Mining Industry.

Step 2: Setting targets First step in determining the QCC target is carried out by mapping the design and coverage needs of lightning protection so that the specified location can be covered by lightning protection. The purpose of the research can be shown Quality, Cost, Delivery, Safety and Morale (QCDSM) detailed according to the table below.

Quality Cost Delivery Safety Morale

Table 3.2: QCDSM Table Developing the design and coverage of lightning protection in the mining area of the mine where there are 100% company assets, both human and infrastructure Eliminating the risk of loss of Tangible Rp. 1.4 Billion and Lost Revenue Intangible Potential from multiply fatality, property damage, and other device damage..

Changes in the dynamic mine area up to 4 x / year which can reduce the lead time of the mobilization of lightning protection which previously 40-45 days to 1-2 days.

Ensure that all company assets are protected from 100% lightning Increase the sense of comfort and security of all parties from customers, guests and the company's own internal activities.

The research target can be shown by the Specifik, Measurable, Achievable, Realistis and Time Bond (SMART) table detailed according to the table below :

Specifik Measurable Achievable Realistis Time Bond

Table 3.3: SMART Table Increase the covered area from actual by 74.45% to 100% Increase the area covered by lightning protection by 25.55% New lightning protection improvement design that can adjust coal mining conditions.

Of the 16 PT XYZ mining sites that have been covered up to 74.45% Implementation of the new design and 100% lightning protection coverage was achieved in December 2018. The target is achieved in 2nd Semester 2018

Step 3: Determine the Root Cause Determine the root causes and need to be analyzed in detail from various factors such as man, method, material, machine and environment so that the solution steps given are precisely in accordance with the research target. The explanation of the root causes can be explained in the following Table 3.4:

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Table 3.4: 4M + 1H Table

The main conclusions from Table 3.4 of the lightning agent design factors give effect in providing protection coverage from lightning strikes quickly and as needed. This can be shown using the fishbone diagram shown in Figure 3.5 below

Figure 3.5: Fishbone Diagram Step 4: Look for Ideas for Improvement From Figure 3.5 a mapping of improvement ideas is shown which is shown in Table 3.5

Problem Caused

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Table 3.5: Improvement Analysis There is no lightning protection design that can adjust quickly based on the needs of dynamic mine changes Using the fixed tower model takes 40 days to dismantle, permit height, installation is weather dependent and has a permanent foundation on the main tower foundation and 3 sling foundations Conducting design improvements to accelerate the development process, mobilize and SCOPUS Indexed Journal

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fulfill 100% protection coverage.

Cost

The estimated new tower design investment is IDR 84,860,000

Quality

The use of a new tower design that makes it easier in the process of mobilization and does not leave grounding box and foundation Lead time to Build faster <10 days

Effect

So an analysis of the material requirements supporting the design of the new lightning agent is more optimal and in accordance with the target.

1.The Selection of Lightning Protection Head The area of the protected area of the lightning agent is calculated, then analyzed and matched with the lightning agent cover head specifications, for example, shown in Table 3.6 for the brand of lightning protection ‘A’ Tabel 3.6: Radius Protection Caculation Brand ‘A’

2. Grounding System To simplify mobilization, given the rapid mine design changes, a grounding system that can be moved easily, costeffective and time-saving in dismantling and installation requires that those who initially use cement be converted to PVC 6 Inc. pipe form by combining a parallel grounding system to be smaller than 5 Ohms according to PUIL and Kepmen 555K standards. An example of a grounding system can be shown in Figure 3.6

Figure 3.6: Grounding System 3. Down Conductor The specifications for the down conductor cable used in accordance with Permen 02 th 1989 (Ministerial Regulation No. 02, 1989) are copper wires with a cross-sectional area of at least 50mm².

4. Tower Structure The length of the process of using a triangle or monopople in loading and unloading with a total lead time of 45 days, a loading cost of IDR 1 million / stack and a foundation cost loss with an estimated IDR 12.5 million, so that an effective lightning structure design is needed and can meet the mining needs in time fast.

Impact Factor (JCC): 8.8746

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5. Use of Lightning Counter Use a lightning counter to count the number of strikes about the tower making it easier to analyze in subsequent investigations and improvements.

From the analysis of the above materials that have measured the strengths and weaknesses of each of them, the next step is to design a lightning protection in accordance with mine ambiance and approved by management shown in Figure 3.7

Figure 3.7: New Lightning Dealer Design The results of a potential benefit analysis of the comparison of new designs with the previous ones can be shown in Table 3.7

No 1

2

Items

Table 3.7: Comparative Design of Lightning Protection Design 1 Design 2 Design 3

New Design

Model --------------------Investment Details

Fix

Fix

Fix

Mobile

Rp 55.000.000

Rp74.500.000

Rp 31.200.000

Rp 84.860.000

a. Head

Confessional

Electrostatic

Electrostatic

Electrostatic

b. Structure

High Risk

High Risk

High Risk

cost : 3.02 JT/ m

cost : 3.02 JT/ m

cost : 1.6jt/m

c. Down Conductor d. Grounding System

BC Cable

Double Shielded

Double Shielded

The Control Box uses a permanent Cast, grounding device according to the law

The Control Box uses a permanent Cast, grounding device according to the law

The Control Box uses a permanent Cast, grounding device according to the law

e. Pole foundation

4 Foundation Cast

4 Foundation Cast

1 Foundation Cast

No Risk of High Risk cost: 3.19jt/m Double Shielded Control Box uses 6 inch PVC pipe, grounding device according to the law Using skidding

f. Sling

3 Sling point

3 Sling point

Not use Sling

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g. Moving Location

3

Area

4

Maintenance

Complicated due to fix, 2 week lead time, clearance height, displacement loss costs 34.9 - 45 million.

9m2

Complicated due to fix, 2 week lead time, clearance height, displacement loss costs 34.9 - 45 million.

9 m2

Complicated due to fix, 2 week lead time, clearance height, displacement cost loss: 20-22 million 1 m2

Complicated, there is a high risk risk

Complicated, there is a high risk riskk

Complicated, there is a high risk risk

Easier to use pulleys and pull systems

18 m2 Easier, there is no risk of high risk

From the comparative analysis, it is found that the potential benefits that the company will receive by using a new design that is the ease of mobilizing units, using better material specifications, reducing the risk of working at height, box control for grounding is easy to move, using a control system that makes it easy to do the installation and maintenance. The next step is the project management team carries out the mass production process in accordance with the needs of the results of the mapping needs with the help of vendors and consultants shown in Figure 3.8.

Figure 3.8: Production of Lightning Protection with New Design From the production process, installation is carried out in the field to adjust the needs and protected objects shown in Figure 3.9

Impact Factor (JCC): 8.8746

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Figure 3.9: Installation of Lightning Pwith a New Design Step 6: Evaluate Results After mounting in the area that is needed, the results of the evaluation of the conditions with Quality, Cost, Delivery, Safety and Morale (QCDSM) before and after are shown are shown in Table 3.8 Table 3.8: Evaluation of the results of the Conditions Before and After Benefit

Before

Quality

Coverage of lightning protection reached 74.45% until February 2018

Cost

Until February 2018 the risk of loss is Rp. 1.4 Billion and Lost Revenue Intangible Potential of multiply fatality, property damage, server down which has a very large loss value due to lightning strikes.

Delivery

Safety

Morale

Mobilization and installation lightning protection in the mining area takes 40-55 days Coverage of lightning protection 74.45% so that there is a risk of loss and damage to the assets of the company both buildings and employees due to lightning strikes (AA category) Lack of a sense of comfort and security from all parties from customers, guests and the internal company itself in the move because of the risk of lightning strikes

After Coverage of lightning protection reaches 100% until December 2018 Eliminating the risk of loss of Tangible Rp. 1.4 Billion and Lost Revenue Intangible Potential of multiply fatality, property damage, server down which has a very large loss value due to lightning strikes Mobilization and installation of lightning protection takes 1-2 days.

Coverage of 100% lightning protection so that the company's assets are well protected from lightning strikes Increased sense of comfort and security of all parties from customers, guests and the company's own internal activities because of the risk of lightning strikes.

Step 7: Standardization So that this research can be used as a guide, it is equipped with several standards in order to facilitate the use and subsequent development such as: •

Flow of the installation process of lightning protection installation

•

Flow of the lightning protection installation maintenance process• Flow Process of repairing lightning protection installations

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Lightning dealer maintenance checklist

Step 8: Next Improvement For the next improvement by increasing internal lightning protection in the building area (which is mounted on the device) to anticipate the remaining uneduced voltage which can damage electronic devices where there are indirect lightning strikes in 2019.

4. CONCLUSSIONS Companies engaged in coal mining business services in Indonesia such as PT XYZ from 2013- February 2018 experienced 10 cases with total losses due to lightning strikes reaching IDR6 billion and at risk of multiple fatality causing death to one or several employees so that PT XYZ uses lightning agents that developed with a new design with the Quality Control Circle (QCC) method which is part of the framework of implementing Law No. 1 of 1970 concerning Occupational Safety and the Regulation of the Minister of Manpower of the Republic of Indonesia Number: PER / 02.MEN / 1989 concerning the supervision of lightning supply installations and achieving production and protecting company assets. Using the 8 steps Quality Control Circle (QCC) helps to make the new design process and eliminates the risk of damaging direct lightning strikes until the end of 2019.

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AUTHOR PROFILE

SilvesterEkaJemali was born on February 20th 1987 in Malang. He graduated and studied in Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, PoliteknikNegeri Malang, graduating in 2008 and continue education in with same Faculty in Brawijaya University, Malang, graduating in 2010. Continue education to pursue Master's Degree in Industrial Engineering Department, Faculty of Industrial Technology MercuBuana University, until now.

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