Special Introductory Verbs Introductory verb
+ to-lnt
agree
demand offer promise refuse threaten claim advise + sb + to-inf allow ask beg command encourage forbid instruct invite sb order permit remind
Reported Speech
Direct Speech "Yes, /'11 be happy to help yau. n "Tell the truthl"
• •
He agreed to help me. He demanded to be told the truth.
"Wauld yau like me to open the door?" "/'11 definitely be here early. " "No, I won 't lend yau any maney." "Hand aver yaur maney ar 1'11 shaat you." "I saw bim steal the car. "
• •
He offered to open the daar. He promised to be there early.
• •
He refused to lend me any maney. He threatened to shoot me it I didn't hand aver my maney.
•
He claimed to have seen him steal the car.
"You shauld see a doctor." • "You can barrow my car." • "Please, tum the light aff. " • "Plesse, please stop shauting sa laudly. " • "Leave the room!" • "Go ahead, drive the car." • "You must not arrive late tanight." • "Lift the receiver and wait tor the • dialling tane. " "Wauld yau like to came out to • dinner with me?"
He He He He He He He
advised me to see a doctor. al/owed me to borrow his car. asked me to tum the light aff. begged me to stop shauting sa laudly. commanded us to leave the roam. encouraged me to drive the car. forbade me to arrive late that night.
He instructed me to lift the receiver and wait tor the dialling tane. He invited me to go out to dinner with him.
urge warn
"Clase the door immediately." "You may leave naw. " "Don't target to water the plants. " "Try to be punctual. " "Don't go near the edge ot the cliff."
• • • • •
He ordered me to c/ose the doar immediately. He permitted/al/owed me to leave then. He reminded me to water the plants. He urged me to try to be punctual. He warned me not to go near the edge ot the cliff.
want
"l'd like yau to study harder. "
•
He wanted me to study harder.
admit (to)
"You stole my handbag!" "l'm sarry I was rude to yau." "Yes, I broke the window."
• • •
She accused me ot stealing her handbag. He apo/ogised for being rude to me. He admitted (to) breaking/having broken the windo w.
boast about
"l'm mare intelligent than yau. "
•
complain to sb about
"You always leave the daar open."
•
He boasted about being mare intelligent than me. He complained to me about myalways leaving the doar open.
deny insist on suggest
"No, I didn't break the window." "You must take all the medicine. "t.et'» go out tor a walk."
• •
He denied breakinglhaving broken the windowo He insisted on me/my taking all the medicine.
•
He suggested going out tor
accuse sb of apologise
+
-ing form
for
+ tha~-clause
sr
a
walk.
boast claim complain deny exclaim explain
"Yes, it's a great idea." "l'm the best player ot all. " "I knaw who stole yaur car. " "Yau never help me." "I never tauched the vasef" "tt'» a success!" "lt's a difficult theary to touow."
• • • • • • •
He agreed that it was a great idea. He boasted that he was the best player ot all. He claimed that he knew who had stolen my car. She complained that he never helped her. He denied that he had ever tauched the vase. He exclaimed that it was a success. He explained that it was a difficult theary to talia w.
inform sb
"Your applicatian is under review. "
•
He informed me that my applicatian was under review.
promise suggest
"I won 't target again. "
"rou aught to help her out. "
• •
He promised that he woukin't target again. He suggested that I help her out.
'Tnet's haw I crashed the car. "
•
He explained the car.
agree
exptatn-ro
sb,
+
how
to me how he had crashed