Portfolio Architecture
ZHANG Tong
2 Architecture Design and Acoustic Analysis Multifunctional Hall, Xintaiyang Student Center, Peking University
15 Architecture Design The Audio and Audience
21 Architecture Design Mount. Colos
26 Architecture Design Tea, Beijing Opera and SIHE Yard
Model Design 30 The House of Robie
Model Design 33 The Cube
Stage Design 35
The Night of Beijing Forum Multimedia Concert
Other Design Works 39 Internship Works Concert Program Booklet Website Design Magazine Cover Illustiation
Multifunctional Hall Acoustic Design Xintaiyang Student Center, Peking University Nov. 2012 - present (under construction) Co-designers: WANG Simin, HU Runjie
Construction site
Celling
Beams
Columns
Walls
Stairs
Floor
B1
The mutifuctional hall locates at B1 level of Xintaiyang student center, which is currently under construction. Surrounded by open-air courtyards and a sunken garden, the site has more enclosure while lacks natural lighting. The main structure is intersecting beams and reinforced concrete columns. The hall is designed for students and student societies in PKU holding extra-curricular activities, especially musical and performance events. As a result, acoustical effect is the most design element to be concerned.
Design Concept Users
Stage Space Division
Type
Space Defects
Movable Partition
Secondary Space
Frequency
Sound Field
0
Adjustable Device
150
75 concert
exhibition
lecture
25%
rehearsal
lecture performance rehearsal
Utilization
5%
8%
3%
Proof 59%
Transmittance
Location
0 performance
exhibition
Reflect
Scatter Materials
20000
concert 225
Occupancy (%)
Absorb
Visual Effect
10000
300
External walls
Multifunction
Occupancy
Function and Usage Reaserch
Frequency
Based on the function and usage survey, our design primarily focused on three concepts: Mutifunction, Acoustics, and Visual Effect. This hall could serve as an auditorium, a concert hall, a lecture hall, a meeting room, or even exihibition hall. This required a more free, flowing and mutiscaled interior space. The micro structure and use of material should refine and reinforce the sound field and visual effect. According to series of analysis, we designed two models for acoustical and visual tests. Model I located the stage on west along the long side of the rectangular site, and openings on backwall; Model II has its stage on the north- the wide side and openings on both sidewall and backwall. Followings are main comparisons of these two models.
Model I: Stage on the west
concert exhibition lecture
performance rehearsal
Model II: Stage on the north
30000
40000
Materials Research
Model I
The 500 Hz RT (reverbration time) of No.9 is the closest to the ideal value for concerts (1.62s). But it changes rapidly with frequency. The acoustic performance of the single-layer glass is better than double glazing. no. celing
Plaster-Insulation-ConcTile
walls
floor
FramedPlasterboard
ConcFlr-Carpeted-Suspended
Doublegrazed-TimberFrame
IN S ID E
Singlegrazed-AlumFrame IN S ID E
ConcFlr-Timber-Suspended
Plaster-Insulation-Suspended
2.59 2.06
1.79 1.65
1.16 1.10
2000Hz
Seating
Seat Materiel
2.73 2.50
1.70 1.66
1.11 1.10
0.70 0.69
350*80% 400*80%
Cloth-Covered Cloth-Covered
2.41
1.22
1.01
0.95
200*80%
Hard-Backed
2.32 1.26
2.23 1.97
2.10 1.93
1.93 1.63
400*80% 400*80%
Cloth-Covered Cloth-Covered
1.26
1.02
0.89
0.84
300*80%
Hard-Backed
1.69
1.62
1.18
0.68
300*80%
Hard-Backed
0.71 0.69
300*80% 400*80%
Cloth-Covered Cloth-Covered
IN S ID E
O U T S ID E
IN S ID E
O U T S ID E
O U T S ID E
TimberFlr-Suspended
125Hz 500Hz 1000Hz
IN S ID E
O U T S ID E
IN S ID E
FramedTimberboard
IN S ID E
5 6 7
Doublegrazed-AlumFrame
O U T S ID E
3 4
windows
IN S ID E
O U T S ID E
O U T S ID E
1 2
O U T S ID E
O U T S ID E
8
IN S ID E
Plaster-Joists-Suspended
TimberFlr-Suspended
O U T S ID E
9
TimberCladMasony
ConcFlr-Carpeted-Suspended
Doublegrazed-AlumFrame
IN S ID E
Model II
The RT of No.2 is better than others. The disadvantage is that the bass RT is slightly shorter than ideal value. Further adjustments may focus on subdividing the floor and set different materials. no. celing 1
Plaster-JoistsSuspended
front-walls
ReverseBrickVeneer_R20
side-walls
back-walls
TimberClad Masonry
FramedTimber Plaster
floor
TimberFlr_Suspended
1.33
125Hz 500Hz 1.05
0.89
1000Hz
0.84
2000Hz Seating 300*80%
Seat Materiel
1.51
1.84
1.74
1.61
400*80%
Cloth_Covered
1.49
1.98
1.81
1.81
400*80%
Cloth_Covered
1.47
1.79
1.70
1.58
400*80%
Cloth_Covered
IN S ID E
Hard_ Backed
TimberClad Masonry
O U T S ID E
IN S ID E
O U T S ID E
IN S ID E
O U T S ID E
ConcSlab_Timber_ OnGround IN S ID E
IN S ID E
4
IN S ID E
O U T S ID E
3
IN S ID E
O U T S ID E
O U T S ID E
2
O U T S ID E
Reverbration Time Analysis Model I
Model II
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
4
V isibility Analysis A c tua l V is ib le A re a Value R ange: 0 - 200 m2 ?E COT E CT v5
m2
V isibility Analysis
200+
A c tua l V is ib le A re a
180
Value R ange: 0 - 200 m2 ?E COT E CT v5
160
140 120
100
100
80
80
20 0
Value R ange: 0 - 200 m2 ?E COT E CT v5
m2
A c tua l V is ib le A re a Value R ange: 0 - 100 m2 ?E COT E CT v5
40 20 0
V isibility Analysis A c tua l V is ib le A re a
180
Value R ange: 0 - 200 m2 ?E COT E CT v5
160
Value R ange: 0.0 - 60.0 m2 ?E COT E CT v5
140 120 100
80
80
60
60
40
40 20
-2.200
m2
0
V isibility Analysis
100+
A c tua l V is ib le A re a
90
Value R ange: 0 - 100 m2 ?E COT E CT v5
80
A c tua l V is ib le A re a
Value R ange: 0.0 - 60.0 m2 ?E COT E CT v5
m2 100+ 90 80
70
70
60
60
50
50
40
40
30
30
20
20 10
-4.200
m2
0
V isibility Analysis
60.0+
A c tua l V is ib le A re a
54.0
Value R ange: 0.0 - 60.0 m2 ?E COT E CT v5
48.0
m2 60.0+ 54.0 48.0
42.0
42.0
36.0
36.0
30.0
30.0
24.0
24.0
18.0
18.0
12.0
12.0
6.0
6.0
0.0
V isibility Analysis
160
100
0
A c tua l V is ib le A re a
180
120
10
V isibility Analysis
m2 200+
140
0
0.0
-4.800
m2
V isibility Analysis
60.0+
A c tua l V is ib le A re a
54.0
Value R ange: 0.0 - 60.0 m2 ?E COT E CT v5
48.0
m2 60.0+ 54.0 48.0
42.0
42.0
36.0
36.0
30.0
30.0
24.0
24.0
18.0
18.0
12.0
12.0
6.0
6.0
0.0
Model I
Stage Visibility Analysis
60
0.000
200+
20
V isibility Analysis
160
120
40
A c tua l V is ib le A re a
180
140
60
V isibility Analysis
m2 200+
-5.600 (m)
0.0
Model II
According to the reverbration test results, model II has better reverbration time which could provide stronger sound field for musical events.Model I has better visibility for both inside and outside audiences.
Particle Field Analysis
Model I
Level
Level
D ire c t
Level
U s e fu l
U s e fu l
U s e fu l
E c ho
B o rd e r
B o rd e r
E c ho
E c ho
R e v e rb
R e v e rb
Masked
Masked
Level
Level Level
D ire c t
D ire c t
D ire c t
U s e fu l
U s e fu l
B o rd e r
Level
D ire c t
U s e fu l
E c ho
E c ho
B o rd e r
B o rd e r
R e v e rb
Masked
R e v e rb
Masked
Level
D ire c t
U s e fu l
E c ho
B o rd e r
Level
D ire c t
E c ho R e v e rb
R e v e rb
B o rd e r
U s e fu l
E c ho
B o rd e r
R e v e rb
Masked
U s e fu l
Masked
The direct sound takes 50 ms to reach the back wall. In an entire process, the sound field is not even or uniform. Significant difference between locations can be seen, especially between the two sides and the middle. The middle part lacks reflections which can strengthen the direct sound. And the audiences on the two sides may be disturbed by unnecessary echos. Sound absorbing materials should be placed on the side walls and corners.
D ire c t
D ire c t
B o rd e r
R e v e rb Masked
E c ho R e v e rb Masked
Masked
50ms
100ms
150ms
Level
U s e fu l B o rd e r
B o rd e r E c ho
E c ho
Masked
R e v e rb
R e v e rb
Masked
Masked
Level
Level
Level
D ire c t
Level
D ire c t
100ms
U s e fu l B o rd e r E c ho R e v e rb
R e v e rb
Masked
Masked
67ms
D ire c t
E c ho
E c ho
U s e fu l
U s e fu l B o rd e r
B o rd e r
Level
D ire c t
E c ho
U s e fu l
Masked
B o rd e r
E c ho
R e v e rb
B o rd e r
R e v e rb
R e v e rb
Masked
D ire c t
U s e fu l
Masked
Level
E c ho
D ire c t
U s e fu l
B o rd e r
R e v e rb
Masked
The direct sound takes 67 ms to reach the back wall. In an entire process, the uniformty of the sound field is significantly improved. Audiences in the middle can get more reflections from side walls. But the audiences near the back walls may hear unnecessary echos. Sound absorbing materials should be placed on the back wall.
D ire c t
D ire c t U s e fu l
E c ho
Model II
Level
Level
D ire c t U s e fu l B o rd e r
R e v e rb
167ms
Geometrical Acoustics Analysis Model I
Model II
Technical Drawing
N
According to analysis and comparisons of two models, we used model II (stage on the north) as final design. And to reinforce sound effect we also designed micro structure and acoustical equipment on both cellings and walls.
Plan 1:500
Acoustical equipment
Structure
Section 1:500
Acousticall Equipment
Scattering background light
Direct stage light
Plaster panel
Sling and crowfoot Wave shape sound reflecting panel Sound reflecting glass panel
Entire structure Material: plaster panel
Material: glass
Render
The Audio and Audience
ARCH 317 Studio project: Cerulean warbler observation center in Tyson research center Fall 2013 Tutor: Stephen Mueller
The observatory platform is designed for scientists and researchers studying cerulean warbler in Tyson research center. Three possible sites are provided with different conditions of microclimates, flora, fauna, fungi, terra, water and other natural elements. According to an animal habitat and behavior study, this kind of migratory bird lives on several specific species of trees, and communicates mainly by producing and receiving a special sound. On the left is a phenomena mapping of topography, flora and fauna. As the main source of sound, trees are represented in form of sound waves and vary in size, density and strength. The most suitable environment for both warblers and observers should have orientated and stabled sound source as well as dense sound waves. Based on field study and phenomena mapping, site II is selected for the observatory center. This observatory center serves as a warbler data collecting and documenting station, a public education center, and especially an acoustical environment reproducing instrument, which means the building could both receive sound from and produce sound to the environment. Section C Sound producing zone
Section B Sound transforming zone
Section C Sound receiving zone
Sound Source
By using triangular frame and adjustable reflecting panels, the building could collect sound from the source, and then transform the sound by adjusting panels' angle and using technical instrument. The frame channel throughout the building could orientate sound in specific direction. Finally, preserved sound would be produced and spread into the site to change Site plan the acoustical environment.
Sound Producing Sound Transforming Sound Receiving
Section Series Sound transforming channel frame
Section Sound reflecting panels
Tectonic Model 1/4''=1' 0''
Building Model 1/8''=1' 0''
Mount. Colos Architecture Associate London(AA) Visiting school 2011-2012: Beijing Neo-center Digital Workshop Spring 2012 Tutors: XU Feng(WAX.), Daniel GILLEN(MAD.) Team members: CHENG Wingyu, HOU Pohsion, WANG Yang, ZHANG Tong, ZHAO Xinyu, ZHU Jianing My work: project planning and management, scheduling (team leader); Maya operation; Rhino modeling; graphic work; final presentation Details see:
h t t p : / / w w w . a a s c h o o l . a c . u k / PORTFOLIO/MICROSITES/microsite. php?title=Beijing&return=../../STUDY/VISITING/ beijing&url=
Published by: Urban Architecture Sep. 2012
Solid City: Formation and Erosion
Site Information
Like the formation of natural landscape, the formation of a new city is a progress of uplifting, folding, collision and erosion. Human settlements serve as the power of uplifting. Cultural conflicts and integrations lead to the diversity. And most of the time, transportation becomes the main power of erosion.
Tongzhou District, Beijing
Maya Operation
To imitate the formation of natural landscape, we set different emitters in Maya at the places where population gathering. By changing the operation time, we can get different types of "landscape" as the surfaces of architecture in different times. Emitter
Max Fluid Fluid distance Dropoff Density Emission harbor 3.576 2.000 1.000 school 1.000 1.391 1.000 kindergarden 1.000 1.854 0.636 hospital 1.000 2.000 0.914 clinic 1.000 2.000 0.868 supermarket 1.000 2.000 0.967 restaurant 1.000 1.192 0.808 stadium 1.000 2.000 0.781 bus stop 1.000 2.000 0.887 bus stop2 1.000 2.000 0.854 bus stop3 1.000 2.000 0.662 fEmitter6 1.000 0.464 0.126 fEmitter9 1.000 1.523 0.225 fEmitter10 1.000 1.325 0.172 fEmitter11 1.000 1.126 0.205 fEmitter13 1.000 2.000 0.219
Fluid Fluid Fuel Heat Emission Emission 1.000 1.000 0.815 0.722 0.695 0.543 0.887 0.854 0.815 0.775 0.960 0.921 0.808 0.609 0.788 0.821 0.848 0.868 0.821 0.841 0.735 0.762 0.099 0.093 0.126 0.146 0.139 0.159 0.179 0.185 0.205 0.219
Canal Zone
Xinhua
Street
Satellite Image of the High-grade Commercial and Residential Area
No
rth
Ca
na
l
eet
tr Yudaihe S
High-grade Commercial and Residential Area
Maya landscape series
Tea, Beijing Opera and SIHE Yard Historic Building Preservation Studio: Traditional Dwelling Transformation 17th Liuyin Street, Beijing, Spring. 2012 Tutor: XU Yifan
Function
Circulation
The site is a traditional dwelling called Sihe-yard, which is typically rectangular shape and enclosed by rooms with different functions, leaving an open-air courtyard in the center. According to principles and rules of historic preservation, transformation and reconstruction should improve stability and living conditions without destroying original building, and keep its style as a whole. This transformation design keeps the room layout and building structure, but rearranges functions and openings, making the new circulation more free and fluent. Located in tourist attraction area, this tea house and Beijing Opera center would then becoming a new attraction to neighbors and visitors.
Tectonic modeling: Chinese Toukong structure
B
N
A-A
A
A
0 1 2m
B
B-B
The House of Robie
ARCH 339 Concepts and Principles in Architecture: conceptual model design Fall 2013 Tutor: Peter MacKeith Partner: James Tadlock
This conceptual model is an abstraction of Frank Lloyd Wright's Robie House. Inspired by his Prairie School Principles and understanding of nature, our design concepts are horizontality, flowing space, and nature. The model has three levels and a central heath, with magnets on specific position. Levels could be moved horizontally and blocked by magnets at the conners of heath. This makes the model change shapes, suggesting the flowing space of Wright's design. The entire model looks flat in elevation stressing the horizontal visual effect. And the colored trIangular windows are an representation of the tree branch window of the Robie House.
The Cube
Primary Architecture Studio: Model Design Fall. 2012 Tutor: BAI Jing Partner: ZHAN Xiuxian
When architecture is limited to a cube, what designers should focus on is probably interior forms. The studio explored primary architectural forms, including horizontal spaces, circulation, openning and landscape; and how forms could generate a complex architecture.
Stage Design The Night of Beijing Forum Multimedia Concert Peking University Centennial Hall, Nov. 2011
Other Design Work Nanjing CBD
PKUCMI Website
Landscape design (Internship at MAD Architects) May. 2013
http://cmi.pku.edu.cn/EN
Harbin Culture Center
Painting Only
Opera Hall interior representation (Internship at MAD Architects) Mar. 2013
Joy and Music In Chemistry Concert program booklet graphic design May. 2011
Magazine cover illustration Shenzhou Magazine Dec. 2012