Public Sector Leaders | March 2025

UPDATE YOUR GEPF INFORMATION TODAY

Leadership this month is Deputy Chief Justice Mandisa Maya who is expected to take the place of South Africa's highest judge - the Judicial Service Commission (JSC) has endorsed Deputy Chief Justice Maya as the next Chief Justice. The JSC is a body specially constituted to recommend persons for appointment to SA's judiciary.

SARS the opportunity to continue to implement its strategic intent and transformation, a plan the organisation started in 2019.

Zooming in on the environment – exciting news is that 5 new forests have been planted in Cape Town and a piece of legislation to guide South Africa's response to the climate crisis has been

From all of us at Public Sector Leaders, we hope you enjoy the read.

FIONA WAKELIN | GROUP EDITOR

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Letter from the

Editor

Welcome to the March edition of Public Sector Leaders (PSL)

In his letter penned to the nation on 10 March, His Excellency President Ramaphosa focused on one of South Africa’s vital sectors, agriculture, which is the main bedrock of food security in the country and accounts for a significant portion of our exports.

According to data from Agbiz, last year South Africa’s agricultural exports reached a record $13.7-billion - with 44% of these products exported to other African countries, 21% to Asia and the Middle East, 19% to the European Union and 6% to the Americas. This means the value and volume of the farming sector has more than doubled

since 1994 and is a reflection of the efforts of both government and industry to ensure that our products access as many export markets as possible. In sync with President Ramaphosa’s letter is our feature written by regular contributor, Wandile Sihlobo, Chief Economist at Agbiz –“The reality is that South Africa’s agriculture is thriving”.

Our March cover icon is Dr Sanele Mlotshwa, College Principal of Majuba TVET College, which offers over 32 000 students high quality, practical training each year:

“With a commitment to addressing South Africa’s socio-economic needs, Majuba TVET College offers a diverse range of educational programmes aimed at empowering students for meaningful employment or entrepreneurial success,” – Dr Mlotshwa.

For a fascinating look at what is happening across the country in our various provinces, you need go no further than the article which focuses on a round-up of the State of the Province Addresses.

In March the focus in SA is on water and human rights. We take a broad deep dive into that most precious of resources - H 2O - and look at solutions for our country’s water challenges; the Lesotho Highlands Water project; the STEM team that visited Antarctica and our African Penguin which is on the brink of extinction.

High on the news radar is the G20 and the B20 happening this month and it is therefore appropriate that we have as our Trailblazer Zane Dangor – South Africa’s G20 Sherpa, playing a pivotal role in shaping and negotiating the agenda for the country’s presidency of the G20. As Director-General of the Department of International Relations and Cooperation (DIRCO), Mr Dangor brings extensive experience in diplomacy, international law, and social development to his role as Sherpa. In Other News please find the latest in terms of what’s happening at the G20 in March.

BY FIONA WAKELIN

Respecting the Human Rights theme, our Women in Leadership features the inimitable Professor Glenda Gray - renowned South African medical researcher who has demonstrated a lifelong commitment to improving public health and combating infectious diseases. From carrying out research in mother-to-child transmission of HIV and AIDS to sourcing COVID-19 vaccination for healthcare workers on the frontline of the pandemic, and now in her latest role as the Chair of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP), Prof Gray has put her passion for medicine and people to work in saving lives.

Our regular features provide the usual cornucopia of edification and useful information: in Legal Matters you will find all you need to know about rights and responsibilities in the workplace; Financial Fitness takes a look at credit scores, what they mean and how they impact your capacity to borrow money – this financial focus is complemented with an important article on a topic that is making the headlines – VAT - What’s that? Sporting Action brings you updates on Patrice Motsepe who was re-elected for his second four-year term as president of the Confederation of African Football (CAF) at the special sitting of the General Assembly held in Cairo on the 13th of March – and a calendar of sporting events for you to look forward to. If you are reading this sitting at a desk, whether at home or in the office, our Health and Wellness regular zooms in on ergonomics and how you can construct a pain-free work environment.

From myself and our amazing team, we hope you enjoy the read.

FIONA WAKELIN | GROUP EDITOR

ADDRESSING THE NATION

BY FIONA WAKELIN

Agriculture is a vital part of our growth story

Dr Sanele J. Mlotshwa

College Principal

MAJUBA TVET COLLEGE

Reaching greater heights together

By Fiona Wakelin & Koketso Mamabolo

Nestled in the northwestern corner of KwaZulu-Natal, in Newcastle, is a mountain, that draws its name from the many white doves, aMajuba, which call it home. For Majuba TVET College, the name, the mountain, and the symbolism of a bevy of white doves rising up into the sky, are more than just a theme, they are a statement of the institution’s mission, one of ambition, aspiring, “reaching greater heights together.”

“With a commitment to addressing South Africa’s socio-economic needs, Majuba TVET College offers a diverse range of educational programmes aimed at empowering students for meaningful employment or entrepreneurial success,” says Dr Sanele Mlotshwa, College Principal of Majuba TVET College (one of 50 in the country) with over 32 000 students receiving highquality, practical training each year. These educational

institutions are an integral cog in the realisation of the vision articulated in Chapter 9 of the National Development Plan and Vision 2030, which highlights the importance of improving education, training and innovation as a way of eliminating poverty and reducing inequality.

As Dr Mlotshwa explains, TVET colleges have a more hands-on learning approach, unlike traditional academic institutions, which increases the employability and income-earning potential of graduates embarking on careers in engineering, business, hospitality, agriculture and other highdemand sectors.

“This approach ensures that even those from disadvantaged backgrounds have an opportunity to gain meaningful employment or start their own businesses, breaking the cycle of poverty.”

A forward thinking institution linked to industry

Majuba TVET College operates across seven campuses, which are strategically located around key areas in and around Newcastle, catering to a broad range of study fields which leverage the institution’s proximity to the industries that are the lifeblood of Newcastle’s economic activity: steel manufacturing, textile and clothing production, mining, tyre manufacturing, engineering and agriculture.

“By situating campuses within reach of local communities, the College ensures that education remains accessible to a diverse range of students, fostering inclusivity and skills development across various economic sectors,” explains Dr Mlotshwa.

This is what makes TVET colleges a tool for both poverty alleviation and empowerment. Students are given access to opportunities, which they can take full advantage of because the curriculum is based off what industries need. Students can seek job opportunities or start their own business fully armed with the practical skills they need in a fastmoving world. And the kind of skills we need to stimulate growth.

The College’s training programmes are dynamic, informed by international standards and adapting to the pace of technological developments.

“With rapid advancements in various industries, the College integrates digital skills, automation, and environmentally sustainable practices into its

curriculum to keep graduates competitive in a globalised economy.”

Starting with the streamlined digital enrollment process, students are given an experience which leverages the power of technology. Through the use of digital platforms, they are able to access study materials and join interactive virtual classes from anywhere in the world.

“This integration of e-learning ensures that students remain connected to their coursework while also developing essential digital literacy skills, preparing for modern workplaces that increasingly rely on technology.”

The College’s engineering programmes produce the highlyskilled artisans, technicians and engineers we need for industrial development. These careers offer stable and rewarding career opportunities and Majuba TVET College is a recognised Centre of Specialisation for boilermaking, fitting and turning, producing professionals who go out into sectors such as manufacturing, mining and energy. The students are exposed to industrystandard tools and machinery like advanced welding machines, automated manufacturing systems and Computer Numerical Control (CNC) technology

“The practical, hands-on training at Majuba TVET College ensures that graduates are equipped with advanced technical skills, problem-solving abilities, and workplace experience, making them highly competitive in the job market,” says Dr Mlotshwa.

Business courses impart the financial and management expertise entrepreneurs need to make their business ventures a success. Agricultural courses are provided in the context of “the

country’s need for sustainable farming practices, agribusiness management, and food security initiatives.”

“These programmes equip students with practical skills in crop production, animal husbandry, agribusiness management, and modern farming techniques, preparing them for diverse career paths,” adds Dr Mlotshwa. These diverse paths include commercial farming, agro-processing, and environmental management.

The College’s hospitality programmes include hotel management, culinary arts, and customer service, creating a pathway for students in the booming tourism and food service sectors. The newly introduced Chef Qualification, accredited by the Quality Council for Trades and Occupations (QCTO), quickly became a popular choice, says Dr Mlotshwa, producing highly sought-after graduates with skills such as food preparation, menu planning, kitchen management, and culinary innovation, in modern kitchen facilities which mimic real-world working environments.

“One of its greatest advantages is the dual pathway it offersgraduates can either secure employment in restaurants, hotels, catering companies, and cruise ships or embark on entrepreneurial ventures by starting their own catering businesses, bakeries, or restaurants.”

Public Management is growing in popularity, too, with the growing need for skilled professionals in the local government creating opportunities for those looking to build careers in the public sector. Human Resources Management has also proved very popular. This further highlights how

TVET colleges are an engine for development due to the focus on employment and practical skills which create avenues for entrepreneurship. Dr Mlotshwa uses the example of a Mechanical Engineering student starting a business in the township using their qualification.

Majuba TVET College has formed partnerships which contribute to the holistic development of skills, working with the public and private partners for funding and work experience opportunities which bridge the gap between theory and practice. This includes global partnerships with public and private sector organisations for exchange programmes and employment opportunities in countries such as Finland, Egypt, China and Russia.

“One of the key collaborations is with the various Sector Education Training Authorities

NATIONAL CERTIFICATE (VOCATIONAL) – NC(V)

- SETAs - which provide funding for learnships, apprenticeship, and skills programmes,” says Dr Mlotshwa. “SETAs also offer bursaries and financial aid, making education accessible to students from disadvantaged backgrounds and ensuring that they complete their studies without financial constraints.”

“Collaborations with municipalities and government departments provide additional funding for infrastructure development, community training initiatives, and workforce development programmes.”

The NC(V) Qualification, offered at Level 2 to 4 of the National Qualifications Framework, combines theory and practice to address the country’s priority skills demand.

Engineering Studies Courses (NQF L2 – L4):

• Engineering and Related Design (Boilermaking, Fitting and Turning, Motor Mechanics, and Welding)

• Electrical Infrastructure Construction (Light Current / Heavy Current)

• Civil Engineering and Building Construction (Bricklaying/Plastering /Plumbing/Carpentry) Process

• Instrumentation

• Primary Agriculture

Business Studies Courses (NQF L2-L4):

• Office Administration

• Hospitality

• Tourism

NATED-COURSES/ REPORT 191

The National N-Diploma qualification provides theoretical and practical knowledge designed to allow students to complete N1 - N6 courses in their chosen vocational field. The College offers both part-time and full-time courses

Engineering Studies Courses (N3-N6)

• Mechanical Engineering (Boilermaking/ Fitting and Turning/ Motor Mechanic /Diesel Mechanic/ Welding)

• Electrical Engineering (Light Current/ Heavy Current/ Instrument Mechanician/ Millwright)

• Civil Engineering (Bricklaying/ Plastering/ Plumbing)

• Chemical Engineering (Water and Waste Water Treatment)

BUSINESS STUDIES COURESES (N4-N6)

• Introductory Business Studies

• Chef Qualification (New Occupational Programme)

• Financial Management

• Human Resource Management

• Management Assistant

• Public Management

• Hospitality

Creativity, respect, integrity, service, and perseverance (CRISP) are the College’s values. How the College gives back through its CSI initiatives and tends to the needs of students are examples of these values in practice. To paraphrase the full description of their values, they are resourceful, according dignity to those they serve, in an honest, just manner which responds efficiently and effectively to the needs of staff and clients. This they do to the best of their abilities.

The community skills development programmes offer short courses to empower unemployed youth and the community at large. Students and community members are also given access to entrepreneurship training, mentorship and support for those interested in starting their own businesses.

“Majuba TVET College partners with local schools and NGOs to provide career guidance, mentorship, and resources to uplift education in surrounding communities.”

Another collaboration, with HigherHealth, involves health and wellness campaigns which promote overall health, “including HIV/AIDS education, mental health support, and fitness initiatives.”

Career guidance and counseling is available to students, with personal development workshops and academic mentors. Revision classes are organised for exam preparation, along with extra tutoring and study skills workshops.

The literary, cultural and athletic development of students is also encouraged. A reading culture is nurtured through literacy programmers and book review contests with an aim of also developing the communication and critical thinking skills of students. There are choral music groups, cultural events and competitions. Physical fitness and teamwork are encouraged

through inter-campus and national competitions, in addition to the drive for students to participate in a range of sports. “As a college, we prepare students to compete in national and international skills competitions showcasing student talent in trades like welding, plumbing, electrical engineering and hospitality,” says Dr Mlotshwa.

The College’s all-around commitment to inclusion is evident in its disability support services, peer mentoring programmes and the Student Representative Council (SRC) which advocates for students.

The organisation has come a long way since he joined in the middle of 2014, says Dr Mlotshwa. Tensions were high during waves of student protests and the stability which Majuba TVET Colleges has maintained is testament to the work it’s done over the past decade. There are challenges such as funding gaps for students, and the lack of space to accept the hundreds of thousands (around 130 000 for the current academic year) of prospective students who applied. But as with the tensions of the past decade, Dr Mlotshwa sees solutions, in this instance online learning solutions such as the Open Learning Unit for distance learning.

“There is no better wish I may have in 2025 than to see more students succeeding in their studies, more students getting supported and getting their qualifications at the end,” says Dr Mlotshwa. “And to see them going back and changing the lives of their families, taking their families out of poverty and starting on a solid foundation. There is nothing I wish more than to see more students getting their diplomas and getting their certificates.”

It is clear that Sanele, who is also a pastor and recently obtained his PhD, has a deep belief in what Majuba TVET College, and the people in the organisation, can

do for the students, contributing to the betterment of society through education and training. His hope is for the College to form more partnerships, both here and abroad, to give students even more opportunities and continue their mission of taking them, and the country, to greater heights.

CONTACT DETAILS

Phone: 034 326 4888

Address: 83 Allen Street, Newcastle, KwaZulu-Natal, 2940

Website: www.majuba.edu.za

BY JESSIE TAYLOR

Championing global equity and cooperation Zane Dangor

Zane Dangor is at the forefront of South Africa’s G20 presidency, leading critical negotiations and shaping global discussions on economic development, inclusivity, and sustainability. As the country’s G20 Sherpa, he plays a crucial role in ensuring that South Africa’s priorities are effectively represented on the world stage.

Department of International Relations and Cooperation (DIRCO), Mr Dangor brings extensive experience in diplomacy, international law, and social development to his role as Sherpa. His responsibilities include overseeing discussions, facilitating agreements, and ensuring that South Africa’s priorities are effectively represented in G20 negotiations.

These discussions then form the foundation for agreements reached at the summit by world leaders.

Driving South Africa’s G20 agenda

Zane Dangor serves as South Africa’s G20 Sherpa, playing a pivotal role in shaping and negotiating the agenda for the country’s presidency of the G20. As the Director-General of the

The Sherpa Track, which Mr Dangor leads on behalf of South Africa, is essential in setting the stage for the G20 summit. It allows representatives to engage in in-depth discussions on key global issues such as economic development, inequality, climate change, and sustainable growth.

Mr Dangor has had a long and distinguished career in international relations and human rights. Prior to his role as Director-General at DIRCO, he was a Special Adviser to the Minister of International Relations and Cooperation. He has also worked with international organizations such as the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) and has held leadership roles within South Africa’s Department of Social Development. His expertise in law, development management, and governance make him wellsuited for the complex negotiations required at the G20 level.

Under South Africa’s presidency,

Mr Dangor has emphasized the importance of addressing global inequalities, a theme that aligns with the broader G20 focus on “solidarity, equality, and sustainability.”

Mr Dangor has played a critical role in shaping discussions around fair trade, gender equality, and inclusive economic growth within the G20 framework. He has also pointed to the necessity of improving policies and resources at national and international levels to address economic disparities and social justice concerns. His participation in G20 meetings has reinforced South Africa’s commitment to advocating for a fairer and more inclusive global economic system.

As Sherpa, Mr Dangor also facilitates dialogue between foreign ministers and finance deputies within the G20. He has noted differences in the level of support for themes between these two groups, particularly around solidarity and equality.

He has emphasized the G20’s role in global economic governance and

Sources:APNews | TheTimes | G20 | DIRCO | Polity

its importance in maintaining a fair and sustainable global trading system.

With only five years remaining to meet the SDGs, Mr Dangor has reiterated the urgency of accelerating international efforts to foster inclusive supply chains and resilient economies. His leadership in the Sherpa Track ensures that South Africa’s presidency remains focused on creating equitable solutions for global challenges while reinforcing the nation’s role as a key player in international economic cooperation.

The Sherpa Track: Guiding global discussions

The G20, established in 1999, serves as a premier forum for international economic cooperation, bringing together 19 countries and the European Union to address global economic challenges. The G20 operates through two main official tracks: the Finance Track and the Sherpa Track. The Sherpa Track, introduced in 2008 when the G20 evolved into a leaders’ summit, focuses on a broad spectrum of socio-economic issues beyond the immediate realm of finance. In the context of the G20, a “Sherpa” refers to a personal representative of a head of state or government. The term is borrowed from the Sherpa people of Nepal, renowned for their guiding role in Himalayan expeditions, symbolizing guidance and support. G20 Sherpas are instrumental in preparing for summits, facilitating negotiations, and building consensus among member countries on various developmental and policy issues. The Sherpa Track encompasses several working groups. These working groups convene regularly to deliberate on their respective focus areas, develop policy recommendations, and prepare documents that contribute to the discussions and outcomes of the annual G20 summit. The Sherpa Track ensures that a wide array of global issues, from

environmental sustainability to digital transformation, are addressed in a coordinated and comprehensive manner. By facilitating dialogue and collaboration among member countries, the Sherpa Track plays a crucial role in shaping policies that aim to foster inclusive growth, sustainable development, and global stability. It complements the Finance Track by integrating economic discussions with social, environmental, and technological considerations, thereby providing a holistic approach to global governance.

South

Africa’s G20 presidency

South Africa assumed the G20 Presidency on 1 December 2024, marking a significant milestone as the first African nation to lead the forum. This presidency comes at a pivotal time, with only five years remaining to achieve the United Nations 2030 Agenda. Under the theme “Solidarity, Equality, Sustainability,” South Africa aims to address pressing global challenges such as climate change, underdevelopment, inequality, poverty, and geopolitical instability. The presidency emphasizes the African philosophy of Ubuntu, reflecting the interconnectedness of individuals and nations, encapsulated in the phrase “I am because we are.”

Key priorities during South Africa’s G20 leadership include:

• Inclusive Economic Growth: Focusing on industrialization, employment, and reducing inequality to promote sustainable development.

• Food Security: Ensuring access to nutritious food and addressing hunger globally.

• Artificial Intelligence and Innovation: Leveraging technology for sustainable development and addressing societal challenges.

BY KOKETSO MAMABOLO AND SHUMIRAI CHIMOMBE

Taking South Africa’s agenda to the world

G20 engagement and working group meetings kick

Representing two-thirds of the world’s population, 85% of the world’s GDP, and over 75% of international trade, the G20 group of countries is a global forum which brings together decision-makers to share information, draft the policies which seek to maintain order, and formulate approaches to stimulate inclusive growth.

The South African government – led by the Presidency, cabinet’s economic cluster and the Department of International Relations and Cooperation (DIRCO) – is the host of

off

this year’s G20 summit to take place in November, and comprehensive programmes of meetings of working groups have already begun.

Business 20 (B20) meeting

Along with the dialogue between heads of state, finance ministers and diplomats is a forum which provides a platform for a vital cog in any economy: the business community. The Business 20 (B20) has, since 2010, brought together business leaders from both non-G20 and G20 member

states for an opportunity to present their views on how we can solve global economic problems.

The private sector host of B20 South Africa is Business Unity South Africa (BUSA) which, on the domestic front, has been building a relationship with President Cyril Ramaphosa’s administration that has seen the public and private sector collaborating to address the country’s priorities, such as the energy and logistics crises, which has proved fruitful.

Together with Business Leadership South Africa (BLSA), BUSA hosted the launch of the B20 on 24-25 February in Cape Town under the theme of “Inclusive Growth and Prosperity through Global Cooperation”, kicking off a yearlong programme guided by task forces formed around eight socioeconomic issues:

1. Employment and education

2. Trade and investment

3. Energy mix and just transition

4. Digital transformation

5. Integrity and compliance

6. Finance and infrastructure

7. Sustainable food systems and agriculture

8. Industrial transformation and innovation

“The B20 is an unprecedented opportunity to engage with the world and build our relationships while plugging into the wider G20 agenda to project South Africa’s interests to the global stage,” wrote BLSA CEO Busiswe Mavuso in her weekly newsletter leading up to the launch. “It ensures that South Africa is part of the conversation and that our contributions are recognised.”

Co-chaired by Standard Bank Chairperson Nonkululeko Nyembezi and former Exxaro CEO Mxolisi Mgojo, the task forces will each engage with around 150 members, from more than twenty countries representing multiple sectors. From March to July, the task forces will develop policy papers and have engagements with G20 Working Groups, delivering and discussing the papers leading to the actual summit itself in November.

Two task forces of particular significance in the local context are the employment and education task force and the trade and investment task force.

The former because of the high unemployment rate and the latter because of a widespread conception of investor apathy and recent developments around tariffs sparking fears of eminent trade wars.

The impact of technology and digital transformation (a task force on its own) has been felt heavily in both areas as the scale of technological innovation has led to fears of countries being left behind due to a lack of skills and investment in the digital infrastructure needed to drive the growth the world needs.

“When you talk about a good job, that conjures up in my mind formal employment,” said Sanlam CEO Paul Hanratty, highlighting the role of technology-related interventions in equipping people with the productive skills and resources needed. “On this continent and in the south, the informal economy is massive and we have to pay attention to that. We have to look at the interventions that need to take place.”

With the economy firmly in the spotlight, and socio-economic challenges taking on new dimensions as geopolitical tensions grow, as much attention will be on the policy recommendations of the B20 task forces as the outcomes of G20 Working Groups.

Foreign ministers’ meeting

The first G20 Foreign Ministers’ meeting was held on 20 and 21 February at the Nasrec Expo Centre, Johannesburg. The meeting was hosted by Minister of International Relations and Cooperation, Minister

Ronald Lamola. President Cyril Ramaphosa delivered the opening remarks.

Over the two days the plenary sessions shared their perspectives on the current global geopolitical environment, and also discussed South Africa’s G20 Presidency high-level deliverables - the four G20 priorities that South Africa has identified to be needing urgent action. These include disaster resilience and response, debt sustainability for low-income countries, mobilising finance for a just energy transition, and harnessing critical minerals for inclusive growth and sustainable development.

In his summary of the meeting, the Chair reported that the group had agreed to reaffirm the G20 as the premier forum for international economic cooperation. It underscored the collective responsibility of the G20 for the effective stewardship of the global economy and fostering the conditions for sustainable, resilient and inclusive global growth, as a critical element of the broader multilateral system.

Finance ministers and Central Bank Governors meeting

The first G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors Meeting (FMCBG) took place on 26 and 27 February at the Cape Town International Convention Centre. President Cyril Ramaphosa delivered the opening address. The FMCBG is hosted by Minister of Finance Enoch Godongwana and Governor of the South African Reserve Bank Lesetja Kganyago.

Although a consensus for a communique was not reached, the Chair’s summary of the

BY KOKETSO MAMABOLO AND SHUMIRAI CHIMOMBE

meeting indicated that the members had expressed their support for the G20 South African Presidency’s theme of “Solidarity, Equality, Sustainability”, and had discussed international policy cooperation to further promote global prosperity and address key shared challenges. The group also reaffirmed efforts to support developing countries in responding to global crises and challenges and achieving the sustainable development goals (SDGs).

In her remarks at the meeting, International Monetary Fund (IMF) Managing Director Kristalina Georgieva said: “There was one resounding common theme I heard during our discussions: the need to reinvigorate global growth in an environment characterised by limited macroeconomic policy space and heightened policy uncertainties. Against this backdrop, I see important opportunities to advance the

reforms needed to deliver lasting global economic prosperity.

The IMF has a role to play. Through policy advice, capacity development, and lending where relevant, we help countries maintain or restore macroeconomic stability and implement sound policies needed for durable growth.

We will continue to play a leading role on debt through our debt sustainability analyses and our support for international efforts to address debt challenges, including the Global Sovereign Debt Roundtable. We remain committed to helping our member countries achieve greater prosperity and stability.”

G20 Tourism working group

South Africa hosted a successful first G20 Tourism Working Group meeting virtually from the DIRCO on 5 March. The Director General of the South African Department of Tourism, Nkhumeleni Victor

Vele chaired the meeting which was attended by senior officials and experts in the tourism sector of the G20 countries, invited guest countries and international organisations. Delegates agreed to work on four priorities for the year, namely:

• People-centered Artificial Intelligence (AI) and innovation to enhance travel and tourism start-ups and SMMEs

• Tourism financing and investment to enhance equality and promote sustainable development

• Air connectivity for seamless travel

• Enhanced resilience for inclusive, sustainable tourism development.

The meeting was the first of a series of engagements that will take place throughout the year, ahead of the G20 Tourism Ministers’ Meeting in September 2025. n

BY JESSIE TAYLOR

Prof Glenda Gray

A visionary in medical research and global health leadership

Source: News24 | UFS | SAMRC | Presidency

BY WANDILE SIHLOBO

The reality is that South Africa’s agriculture is thriving

Since US President Donald Trump commented about his “imaginary” land grabs in South Africa, some among us have started pushing a misleading narrative that agriculture is under pressure and has been failing for a while. The inept municipalities, poor road infrastructure, stock theft, and port inefficiencies all contribute to this narrative of failure and despair. Stories of the failings of land reform farms also add to this sentiment of regression in agricultural progress.

But this narrative is far from the reality of the South African farming sector. Regardless of how experts feel about the state’s capacity and the government’s policy stance since the dawn of democracy, the one undeniable fact is that the sector has grown tremendously – and indeed, not failing.

Data from the Department of Agriculture shows that domestic agricultural output in 2023/24 had more than doubled the size in

1994. A few sectors did not drive this expansion, but it has been widespread; livestock, horticulture and field crops have all grown enormously over this period. The higher production levels have mainly been underpinned by new production technologies, better farming skills, growing demand (locally and globally) and progressive trade policy. The private sector has played a major role in this progress.

South Africa was the world’s 32nd largest agricultural exporter in 2023, the only African country in the top 40 in value terms. This was made possible by a range of trading agreements the South African government had secured over the past decades, the most important ones being with African countries, Europe, the Americas, and some Asian countries. The African continent and Europe now account for about two-thirds of South Africa’s agricultural exports, and Asia is now also an important

market. The agricultural subsectors that have contributed most to this progress in exports are fruits, wine, wool and grains. South Africa now exports roughly half of its agricultural products in value terms, reaching a record $13.2-billion in 2023, according to data from Trade Map.

The friction surrounding SA-US relations has added to the view that South Africa may be pushed out of AGOA and that agriculture would be under pressure in such a scenario. However, the reality is that South Africa’s agricultural exports directly to the US account for only 4% of the overall agricultural exports. And even if South Africa could be out of AGOA, that wouldn’t mean a blockage, but there would be tariffs of around 3%, reducing the competition of South African products. To be clear, I am not minimising what is at stake; the agricultural products South Africa exports to the US include citrus, nuts, wine, grapes, and fruit juices, amongst other products. For these

industries, an exclusion from AGOA would be negative, but it would not be a collapse of SA agriculture. Beyond exports, the increase in agricultural output over the past 30 years is why South Africa is now ranked 59th out of 113 countries in the global food security index, making it the most food-secure country in sub-Saharan Africa.

I recognise that boasting about this ranking when millions of South Africans go to bed hungry daily may ring hollow, as I pointed out after a few presentations where I cited these statistics.

However, it is essential to note that many South Africans lack access to food due to the “income poverty challenge” rather than lack of availability due to low agricultural output, as in other parts of Africa. South Africa produces enough food but does not export all of it. Alot is kept domestically for the local market. To address poverty,

South Africa must ensure employment and that households have sufficient income to buy food.

The disappointing part of South Africa’s agriculture is the exclusion of black farmers. As I argued in my recent book, A Country of Two Agricultures, “Nearly three decades after the dawn of democracy, SA has remained a country of ‘two agricultures’. On the one hand, we have a subsistence, primarily noncommercial and black farming segment; on the other, we have predominantly commercial and white farmers.” The book adds that: “the democratic government’s corrective policies and programmes to unify the sector and build an inclusive agricultural economy have suffered failures since 1994. The private sector has also not provided many successful partnership programmes to foster black farmers’ inclusion in scale commercial production. It is no surprise that institutions such as the National

Source: The Conversation | Democratic Alliance | DALRRD | Economist Impact | The Conversation

Agricultural Marketing Council estimate that black farmers account for less than 10%, on average, of commercial agricultural production in SA.”

This lacklustre performance by black farmers in commercial agriculture cannot be blamed solely on historical legacies. The democratic government is also blamed for its inability to support the development of the new crop of farmers.

Fortunately, not all is lost. Plans and programmes are in place to sustainably increase the number of black farmers in the sector. The agriculture and land reform plants are not aimed at replacing the existing farmers with new black farmers. The government has around 2.5 million hectares of land to distribute with title deeds to black farmers. This will be “growing the agricultural piece” without threatening the property rights in the country. South Africa’s agriculture is robust and has room for growth. As we progress toward supporting the sector, there must also be room for young people to be included. n

Wandile Sihlobo is the chief economist at the Agricultural Business Chamber of SA (Agbiz) and a senior fellow in Stellenbosch University’s Department of Agricultural Economics.

BY SHUMIRAI CHIMOMBE

Shaping the future of sustainability

South African conservationist, Aaniyah Martin, on her voyage of learning and discovery to Antarctica

BY SHUMIRAI CHIMOMBE

Aaniyah Martin, South African conservationist

BY SHUMIRAI CHIMOMBE

The African Penguin

On the brink of extinction

The African Penguin, with its distinctive black-and-white tuxedo and playful nature, is a cherished symbol in South Africa and around the world. Yet despite its popularity, in late 2024 the species was uplisted to Critically Endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List, meaning that it is one step away from becoming extinct in the wild.

According to a statement by the Southern African Foundation for the Conservation of Coastal Birds (SANCCOB) and BirdLife South

Africa, it is the first penguin species of the 18 existing globally to meet the criteria for this classification. It has declined in population by 97% over the last century with breeding pairs at record lows of less than 10,000. Due to factors such as overfishing, habitat loss, and climate change, the species is on the brink of vanishing within the next 10 years by 2035 if current trends persist.

What makes this species so unique is that it can only be

found on the southern African coast. The African Penguin Socio Economic Report (September 2024) indicates that the species has declined from an estimated 0.5-1 million breeding pairs in the early 1900s to approximately 42 500 counted in 1991, and 8324 in 2023. The remaining birds are mostly found in just seven colonies in the Western and Eastern Cape provinces of South Africa. A recent study by the Blue Marine Foundation, a charity dedicated to addressing overfishing to restore the ocean’s

health, has revealed that despite the need for urgent action, almost two-thirds (64%) of South Africans are oblivious that the African Penguin is critically endangered, while one in five (19%) admit they have no idea that the species could disappear in the next decade without intervention.

Data from the same poll of 2000 South Africans which was collected in January 2025 indicates that 53% of those polled attribute the African penguin’s decline to human activities, such as overfishing and pollution. Over 60% said they would feel devastated by the extinction of the flightless bird, and an almost equal number (59%) stated it would harm tourism. In addition, more than half of respondents (54%) claim the extinction of the species would damage the country’s international reputation as a leader in wildlife conservation.

Threats to the African Penguin livelihood

According to SANCCOB, the African Penguin’s existence is faced with numerous threats. A primary cause of the African Penguin’s decline is a lack of available food due to climate change, which is made worse by competition from commercial fishing around its breeding colonies, primarily sardines and anchovies which is their main source of sustenance. This has a major effect on the species’ survival and breeding success.

“The availability of sardines and anchovy is the key driver of the African Penguin population and the sustainable management of purse-seine fishing, (the use of large nets to target dense schools of midwater fish), such as the implementation of effective no-take zones around the last remaining large colonies, is a critical intervention to help

conserve this species. If we don’t act timeously we could lose Africa’s only penguin species within our lifetime.” said Alistair McInnes, Seabird Conservation Programme Manager, BirdLife South Africa.

Although there are existing notake zones where commercial fishing is prohibited to help the penguins to better access the sardines and anchovies they feed on, research by seabird scientists has shown that these zones are not enough for penguin conservation. “These iconic birds face imminent extinction unless we understand that humans are not the only species who rely on the ocean for food. Together with the South African Government, we can save the African Penguins from starvation through the creation of effective no-take areas that will protect their vital habitats. A simple yet effective measure that will avert yet another natural catastrophe,” said Clare Brook, CEO of Blue Marine.

A valuable ecotourism and economic contributor

The African Penguin SocioEconomic report was commissioned by the Endangered Wildlife Trust in collaboration with the South African Department of Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment. The study aimed to provide an assessment of the value of the African penguin in South Africa to decision-makers at all levels of government, conservation organisations and other stakeholders involved in policy decisions around African penguins.

Among other benefits, the study highlighted the value of the penguins to tourism as well as shining a spotlight on the importance of conservation. Tourists visiting penguin colonies

generate revenues for the park authorities and for a range of tourism-related businesses, all of which generate knock-on effects in the economy.

The total tourism value of all the penguin colonies, including Boulders, Stony Point, Dassen Island, Bird Island, Robben Island, Dyer Island, and St Croix Island, was estimated to be in the range of R613 to 2702 million in 2023.

Penguins also star in advertisements for Cape Town and films and documentaries such as Penguin Town, and they have not only entertained but also raised awareness about penguin conservation issues. The direct media related value of the penguin colonies was estimated to be almost R2.9 million per year.

“Successfully conserving the African penguins is not a one agency issue but requires big systemic changes. Ultimately, improved management and policy is going to be the answer: an ecosystem approach to fisheries is needed and ocean health needs to be better managed”, concluded the study

Some important testimonials about the African penguin crisis

Nicky Stander, Head of Conservation, SANCCOB: “Seeing a 97% loss in African Penguin populations is devastating and knowing they are now officially ‘Critically Endangered’ is a sobering thought. In just over a decade, they could no longer exist, which not only has an impact on our marine ecosystem, but also on South Africa’s economy and ecotourism. These animals are a key indicator of the wider ecological health of our ocean and are beloved worldwide. We cannot wait any longer for change.”

BY SHUMIRAI CHIMOMBE

Dr Richard Sherley, Senior Lecturer, Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter “The African Penguin’s uplisting to Critically Endangered highlights a much bigger problem with the health of our environment. Despite being well-known and studied, these penguins are still facing extinction, showing just how severe the damage to our ecosystems has become.

If a species as iconic as the African Penguin is struggling to survive, it raises the question of how many other species are disappearing without us even noticing. We need to act now - not just for penguins, but to protect the broader biodiversity that is crucial for the planet’s future.”

Jo Coumbe, Communications Director, Blue Marine: “The plight of the African Penguin, now critically endangered, is heartbreaking. Losing the bird isn’t just about losing a species, it’s a stark warning of the tragic impacts on biodiversity and the health of our ocean.”

The seven largest colonies in South Africa which are home to more than 95% of the remaining global population of African penguins. These are listed in order from the west to east, with the first five in the Western Cape, and the last two in the Eastern Cape. Populations are as of 2023 (DFFE (unpublished), 2024)

Dassen Island: managed by Cape Nature, the island holds 2037 breeding pairs, which is about 25% of the African penguin population. It is a nature reserve and not open to the public; visitors are only allowed on the island if they have a permit and may only walk on the road between the Dassen Island lighthouse and the buildings at Huisbaai conservation.

Robben Island has 931 breeding pairs which is equivalent to around 11% of the remaining population. Robben Island is a South African National Heritage Site and World Heritage Site. The conservation aspect of the island is managed by SANParks.

Boulders penguin colony has 845 breeding pairs, or about 10%

of the remaining population. It has become world famous as a viewing site. Boulders falls under Table Mountain National Park and features three beaches, one penguin viewing area and three boardwalks. It is managed by SANParks.

Stony Point is home to approximately 1200 breeding pairs which is around 15% of the remaining population. The nature reserve is situated in the coastal town of Betty’s Bay on an old whaling station site where visitors can view the penguins from a boardwalk that traverses the colony. The reserve is managed by CapeNature.

Dyer Island is a 20-hectare nature reserve, situated 8.5 km from Gansbaai and is home to around 693 penguin breeding pairs, or 8% of the remaining population. It is the easternmost of the chain of seabird islands of the Western Cape and it is managed by CapeNature. Tour operators offer boat-based trips to see the penguins and other marine life around the island, however given its sensitivity as a breeding locality

What can you do to stop the extinction of our penguins?

for numerous threatened seabird species the actual island is not open to the public.

St Croix Island is one of three rocky islands situated off the mouth of the Coega River in Algoa Bay and is home to 712 breeding pairs (9% of the remaining population). The reserve is not open to the public and was established as a breeding ground for the African penguin. It is managed by SANParks and private tour operators offer whale, dolphin and penguin viewing around the island.

Bird Island is part of a group of four islands in Algoa Bay and is an important breeding place for marine bird species, including 1722 African penguins (21% of the total population). Bird Island, together with St. Croix Island was proclaimed as part of Addo Elephant National Park in 2005, managed by SANParks.

Source: An Assessment of the Value of Penguins (African Penguin Socio Economic Report) (September 2024)

Contact the Southern African Foundation for the Conservation of Coastal Birds (SANCCOB) Website: https://sanccob.co.za/

Source: Blue Marine Foundation | African Penguin Socio Economic Report (September 2024) | Southern African Foundation for the Conservation of Coastal Birds

Discover the latest trends, success stories, and thought leadership in our 23rd edition of Impumelelo Top Empowerment

The Lesotho Highlands Water Project

Mutually beneficial regional integration and cooperation - an African success story

Lesotho Highlands Water Project (LHWP) at a glance

Harnesses the water resources of the Lesotho highlands through the construction of a series of dams and tunnels for the mutual benefit of Lesotho and South Africa, supplying water to the Gauteng region of South Africa and hydropower to Lesotho.

Phase 1A - Katse Dam

Comprises 185m high Katse Dam (a double curvature concrete arch dam on the Maliba-mats’o River and second largest dam in Africa), Muela hydropower station, Muela Dam, the transfer tunnel and delivery tunnels (South and North) .

The hydropower plant at Muela, situated mid-way between the Katse Dam in Lesotho and the Ash river outfall in South Africa now enables Lesotho to generate its own electricity needs.

Phase 1B - Mohale Dam

Comprises 145m high Mohale Dam - the highest concrete-faced rock fill dam in Africa located at the confluence of the Senqunyane and Likalaneng Rivers. Built as a backup reserve to the Katse Dam, the two dams are connected by a tunnel that ensures there’s enough water to meet South Africa’s everincreasing demand.

The Matsoku Weir and Tunnel comprises a 19m high, 180m long mass concrete structure together with the adjoining electro-mechanical equipment on the Matsoku river. This weir will divert flood waters through a tunnel into the Katse reservoir at Kutu-Kutu.

Phase 2 - launched in 2023 and estimated completion in 2028

Molihali Dam and appurtenant works

Like the majestic Mohale Dam, both the Polihali Dam (166m) and the saddle dam (43m) in height will be concrete faced rockfill dams.

Polihali transfer tunnel

Just as water from Phase I’s Mohale reservoir flows through the interconnecting Mohale Tunnel to the reservoir at Katse, so will water from the Polihali reservoir flow by gravity through the Polihali transfer tunnel on its way to Katse.

Hydropower

Article 8 of the Phase II Agreement determined that the hydropower generation component would comprise a pumped storage scheme utilising the existing Katse reservoir as the lower reservoir and a new upper reservoir in the Kobong valley, or any other scheme to generate hydropower. It is expected that the Oxbow Hydropower Scheme which will be constructed in Botha Bothe will increase Lesotho’s renewable energy. The environmental and social impact assessment (ESIA) as well as the design and construction supervision contracts were already awarded in 2024.

Source: Lesotho Highlands Development Authority

The Lesotho Highlands Water Project (LHWP) is a multiphased, multi-billion Maloti/Rand binational partnership between the governments of the Kingdom of Lesotho and the Republic of South Africa. The project is based on a treaty agreed upon in 1986 and the ensuing 2011 Agreement signed between the two governments to supply water to the Integrated Vaal River System (IVRS) which ensures water security for Gauteng, the Free State, the Northern Cape and the North West. The project harnesses the water resources of the Lesotho highlands through the construction

of a series of dams and tunnels for the mutual benefit of Lesotho and South Africa, supplying water to the Gauteng region of South Africa and generating hydropower for Lesotho.

The project is implemented by the Lesotho Highlands Development Authority (LHDA), which is a public entity of the government of Lesotho, and the Trans-Caledon Tunnel Authority (TCTA), a South African state-owned agency of the National Department of Water and Sanitation (DWS),charged with financing and implementing bulk

raw water infrastructure projects. Phase One, consisting of the Katse Dam, Muela power station, Mohale Dam and 82km of tunnels, was completed in 2003 and transfers 780 million cubic metres of water per annum into the IVRS comprising of 14 dams that provide water to the Gauteng province and to key industries within the province.

The Katse Dam, described as “a striking piece of modern engineering”, is one of less than 30 double curvature concrete arch dams in the world; one of the

BY SHUMIRAI CHIMOMBE

world’s 10 largest concrete arch dams in terms of its volume; and the second highest dam in Africa. The dam has since its construction in 1991 been attracting thousands and thousands of visitors and tourists who come to see this engineering marvel, according to the LHDA.

Boosting water supply to South Africa and stimulating Lesotho’s economic growth

In May 2023 President Cyril Ramaphosa, His Majesty King Letsie III, and Lesotho’s Prime Minister, Samuel Ntsokoane Matekane, launched Phase 2 of the Lesotho Highlands Water Project.

In a statement, the South African Presidency indicated that the launch was a critical step on the journey to greater water and energy security for South Africans and Basotho, and is a demonstration of the strong relations between the two countries.

“It is also a demonstration of the human capital and technology that is shared and deployed jointly as neighbours, in the interest of improving the lives of citizens and economic development in both nations. South Africa and the Kingdom of Lesotho share a close historic relationship whose substance today entails

strengthened economic cooperation between our two countries.”

The project will cost approximately R43 billion and is scheduled to be completed in 2028. Once completed it will transfer an additional 490 million cubic metres of water per annum from the Orange (Senqu) River in Lesotho into the IVRS.

The work involves the construction of a 165m high concrete-faced rockfill dam at Polihali and a 38km concrete-lined gravity tunnel connecting the Polihali Dam reservoir to the Katse Dam.

“This is not just a water transfer tunnel, it will serve as an umbilical cord that connects our two countries.” - Her Excellency Constance Seoposengwe, South African High Commissioner to Lesotho,

Phase 2 will also see other parallel civil works such as the construction of roads and housing, the expansion of power lines and telecommunications, as well as environmental and social mitigating measures taking place.

Director: Cluster Communications in the SA Government Communication and Information system (GCIS), Josias Pila wrote: “This partnership between the

countries dates back many years and will benefit both countries. Lesotho will benefit by collecting royalties [from South Africa] and jobs have also been created for local people in Lesotho. The Lesotho Highlands Phase 2 project is the biggest water infrastructure investment outside our borders in which South Africa is involved. It also forms part of government programmes aimed at sustainable water development and ensuring that everyone has access to water as enshrined in the Constitution.”

The LHDA said that the Lesotho Highlands Water Project remains a one-of-its-kind cornerstone and benchmark for larger-scale engineering and construction on the African continent and beyond. More importantly it contributes immensely to broadbased economic development across multiple pillars, including infrastructure development, business opportunity, job creation, environmental protection and many more livelihoods elevation programmes.

“Through the advancement of this water resource, the LHWA must stand as a shining example of regional integration demonstrating how collaborative efforts can lead to harmonious co-existing and mutual benefit.” n

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BY JESSIE TAYLOR

Solutions to South Africa’s water challenges

Innovative approaches for a sustainable future

South Africa’s water crisis poses a pressing challenge, affecting communities, businesses, and agriculture. However, innovative solutions are emerging across the country that offer hope for a more sustainable and water-secure future. From cutting-edge technology to improved governance and community-driven efforts, there are many pathways forward that can alleviate the pressures on South Africa’s water resources.

Harnessing technology to address water scarcity

Technology is at the forefront of many solutions to South Africa’s water challenges. With the country’s water infrastructure

under increasing strain, technological advancements enable more efficient management, distribution, and water conservation. Smart water management systems, for example, use sensors and realtime data to detect leaks and optimise water flow, reducing water loss significantly. By embracing these innovations, municipalities and water utilities can manage existing resources more effectively, ensuring that every drop counts.

One area where technology has great potential is in the field of artificial intelligence (AI). AI-driven tools can predict water

shortages and help municipalities plan for extreme weather events, enabling them to act proactively rather than reactively. This kind of predictive modelling helps ensure that water is allocated where it’s needed most, preventing waste and ensuring that critical sectors such as agriculture and industry don’t suffer from inadequate supply.

In a water-scarce country like South Africa, recycling and reusing water are essential to ensure long-term water security. Wastewater treatment and reuse have proven successful in many municipalities, helping to alleviate pressure on potable water resources. Cities like

Johannesburg are leading the way with advanced water recycling plants that repurpose wastewater for industrial and non-potable purposes.

In addition to municipal-level solutions, water reuse at the individual and corporate levels can play a significant role. Businesses and homeowners are increasingly adopting rainwater harvesting systems, which collect and store rainwater for use in irrigation, cleaning, and even nondrinking purposes. This reduces the demand for municipal water systems and makes the most of natural rainfall, which can be unpredictable but often abundant.

Strengthening governance and institutional frameworks Improving water governance is essential to tackling South Africa’s water crisis. Strong, transparent institutions are key to ensuring water is managed effectively and distributed fairly across regions. There has been a growing recognition that collaboration between national, provincial, and local authorities is crucial to effective water management. By improving coordination and accountability, South Africa can ensure that water is distributed equitably and that vulnerable communities are protected from water shortages.

Moreover, water governance needs to be underpinned by strong policies that promote sustainability and resilience. This includes investment in water infrastructure, water catchment protection, and water conservation initiatives. Good governance also means creating a supportive regulatory environment that encourages innovation, enabling both public and private sector solutions to flourish.

With climate change exacerbating existing water challenges, South Africa needs to prioritise climate-resilient water solutions. The country’s water scarcity is often linked to extreme weather events, such as droughts, which have become more frequent and intense. To address this, South Africa must adopt a multi-faceted approach that includes both mitigation and adaptation strategies.

One of the most promising avenues is the development of drought-resistant crops and sustainable farming techniques

that use less water. Farmers across South Africa are already adopting these practices, which help ensure food security without overburdening water resources. By incorporating climate-resilient agricultural practices, the agricultural sector can continue to thrive while reducing its water footprint.

In urban areas, climate-resilient infrastructure is key to ensuring that water systems can withstand the stresses of a changing climate. This includes building water storage systems that can capture and store excess rainfall during wet periods, which can then be used during dry spells. Additionally, sustainable urban design - such as green roofs, permeable pavements, and urban wetlands—helps manage stormwater more effectively and reduces the demand on municipal water systems.

While technological and institutional solutions are critical, public awareness and behavioural change are equally important in solving the water crisis. South Africans must recognise their role in using water wisely and adopt more sustainable practices in their daily lives. This includes fixing leaks, using water-efficient appliances, and conserving water in the home and workplace.

Through technological innovation, improved governance, and public engagement, the country can overcome its water crisis and build a more sustainable future. From advanced water management systems to climate-resilient solutions, there are many paths forward that can ensure a reliable water supply for generations to come.

A round-up of the State of the Province Addresses

Numbers from across the country

Premier: Honourable Panyaza Lesufi

Population: 15 099 422 (StatsSA, 2022)

GDP: R1.5-trillion (StatsSA, 2022)

• The Tshwane Automotive Special Economic Zone has already attracted R26-billion worth of investment which has already created 3 300 permanent jobs and 229 SMMEs have already benefitted from R1.7-billion in procurement spending

• In the past year 150 000 new people have joined the Medicine Dispense and Distribution programme taking the total to 1.5 million people registered

• Gauteng attracted almost half of the investment pledges made at the President’s investment conference held in the province, amounting to R180-billion

• Public and private employment initiatives will create 271 150 new permanent and 561 000 employment opportunities

• Expansion of the Lanseria International Airport will attract R3-billion in investments

• R28-billion is set to be invested the Vaal Aetropolis as part of the Vaal SEZ

• Gautrain expansion set to create 125 000 new jobs Gauteng

Honourable Panyaza Lesufi, Premier of Gauteng

KwaZulu-Natal

Premier: Honourable Thamsanqa Ntuli

Population: 12 423 907 (StatsSA, 2022)

GDP: R761-billion (StatsSA, 2022)

• R75.8-billion pledged by 16 companies for projects at KZN Investment Conference in November 2024

• R4.6-billion in private sector investment for Dube Tradeport, creating 5 000 permanent jobs and 51 000 indirect jobs

• 70 out of 100 capital projects completed with 5 000 jobs created

• Green economy interventions set to create 7 725 job opportunities

• KwaZulu-Natal Digital Fund to be launched in June 2025 in partnership with the private sector

• R30-million in aid for sugar farmers in partnership with the South African Farmers Development Association and SA Canegrowers

• R200-million committed by Ithala for SMMEs and cooperatives in rural and township economies

Western Cape

Premier: Honourable Alan Winde

Population: 7 433 020 (StatsSA, 2022)

GDP: R653-billion (StatsSA, 2022)

• The province has attracted 296 foreign direct investment projects worth more than R171-billion

• R39.5-billion infrastructure budget over the next three years

• R18.5-billion over the next 10 years for metro healthcare infrastructure

• SMME Booster Fund has supported 1 185 small businesses, creating over 1 000 jobs

• In 2024 Cape Town International Airport saw the most of number of visitors its had since 12 years

• Western Cape matric class of 2024 had its best ever pass rate, up 5.1% from 2023

• Cruise industry contributed R1.2-billion to Western Cape’s economy in 2023/24

• Experiential Learning Programme has assisted over 12 000 young people with skills programmes in a range of industries

Eastern Cape

Premier: Honourable Oscar Mabunyane

Population: 7 230 204 (StatsSA, 2022)

GDP: R365-billion (StatsSA, 2022)

• R200-billion in investment over the last five years

• R50-billion over next five years in partnership with SANRAL for road infrastructure

• In the last five years the province government has done R43.8-billion worth of business with suppliers based in the Eastern Cape

• R4.3-billion will be spent on building 26 400 houses

• The province has set a target of creating 1 million jobs by 2030

BY KOKETSO MAMABOLO

Mpumalanga

Premier: Honourable Mandla Padney Ndlovu

Population: 5 143 324 (StatsSA, 2022)

GDP: R340-billion (StatsSA, 2022)

• 238 youth-owned enterprises have received R257.9-million through the Premier’s Youth Development Fund

• R585-million allocated for the Water and Sanitation Infrastructure Grant (WSIG) for 2025/26

• 150 000 subsistence and small-scale farmers to be given access markets

• Over 100 000 households to benefit from the refurbishment and upgrading of the Phase 2 Waste Water Treatment Works in Delmas

• 80% of the country’s coal mined in the province

• 11 out of 14 of the country’s coal-fired power stations are in the province

• Almost 1 million learners benefitting from the national school nutrition programme

Limpopo

Premier: Honourable Phophi Ramathuba

Population: 6 572 721 (StatsSA, 2022)

GDP: R326-billion (StatsSA, 2022)

• Provinces 4th investment conference raised R120-billion in pledges, exceeding the initial R50-billion investment

• 60% of investment pledges made are for renewable energy projects

• R10-billion in investment commitments made for Fetakgomo-Tubatse Special Economic Zone

• 14 939 farmers assisted in the province’s Integrated Emerging Farmers Support Programme

• 2 100 registered ECD centres funded and 720 practitioners trained on the National Curriculum Framework

• Matric pass rate up to 85.1% from 79.5% in 2023

North West

Premier: Honourable Lazarus Kagiso Mokgosi

Population: 3 804 548 (StatsSA, 2022)

GDP: R284-billion (StatsSA, 2022)

• R4.5-billion has been spent on land restitution in the province

• R1.4-billion has been spent on school infrastructure

• R430-million has been paid in development grants in the land programme

• R429-million was spent in the current financial year to link rural and farming communities to economic hubs

• The Province has partnered with the SANDF and Phila Jordan Academic to give artisanal and tooling training to 3 000 young people

Free

Premier: Honourable MaQueen Letsoha-Mathae

Population: 2 964 412 (StatsSA, 2022)

GDP: R219-billion (StatsSA, 2022)

• R3.26-billion worth of investment in the pipeline for Maluti-a-Phofung SEZ expected to create 1 243 employment opportunities

• R1.9-billion invested in road infrastructure

• R335-million budget for Early Learning programmes in 2025/26 benefitting 75 705 children

• 41 605 people reached through the province’s substance abuse prevention programme

• 11 out of 17 community-reported crimes declined in 2024/25

State Northern Cape

Premier: Honourable Dr Zamani Saul

Population: 1 355 945 (StatsSA, 2022)

GDP: R98-billion (StatsSA, 2022)

• R1.2-billion spent in the last 5 years on supporting emerging black farmers

• Provincial government’s partnerships with merSETA, servicesSETA and UIF worth R800-million, benefiting 26 000 unemployed youth

• Provincial target of 60 000 jobs which could bring the unofficial unemployment rate below 20%

• The tertiary sector, mainly trade, finance and government services make up more than half of the provinces GDP

• Mining contributed to 17.3% of the provinces GDP in 2023

BY JESSIE TAYLOR

B20: A global platform to promote economic growth and business integrity

As global leaders meet for the G20 Summit, the business sector will also have a chance to engage with world leaders through the parallel Business 20 (B20) structure.

The G20 Summit is an annual gathering of the world’s largest economies, including 19 countries and the European Union, to discuss and coordinate policies on global economic and financial stability.

The Business 20 (B20) serves as the official G20 dialogue forum with the global business community. Established in 2010, the B20 is one of the most influential G20 Engagement Groups, bringing together business leaders from G20 member countries and beyond.

A global platform

Each year, the B20 provides a platform for companies and business organizations to articulate their perspectives on pressing global economic and trade issues, ensuring that the business community’s voice is heard at the highest levels of international economic governance.

The B20’s mission is to act as a strategic conduit for the global business community, fostering consensus and setting priorities on policies aimed at addressing global economic challenges.

It aims to represent the interests of the business community in the G20 dialogue, facilitate meaningful interaction between the private and public sectors, and

deliver impactful, actionable policy recommendations to the G20. Established in 1999, the G20 initially focused on financial matters but has since expanded to cover a broad range of global issues such as trade, climate change, digital transformation, and sustainable development. The summit brings together heads of state, finance ministers, and central bank governors to develop strategies that shape the international economic landscape.

One of the key focuses of the B20 is promoting integrity and compliance in business, which is overseen by the Integrity and Compliance Task Force. This task force is dedicated to enhancing business integrity and fostering transparent governance to build trust, ensure fair practices, and combat corruption in the global

From left to right: Mxolisi Mgojo (B20 Co-chair), Nonkululeko Nyembezi (B20 Co-chair) and Cas Coovadia (CEO of BUSA)

economy. The task force has several key objectives, including developing recommendations to combat corruption, promoting open and transparent business practices to build trust among stakeholders, and encouraging the implementation of effective compliance mechanisms within organizations to ensure adherence to ethical standards and regulations.

The Integrity and Compliance Task Force actively engage in discussions related to anticorruption measures, ethical business practices, compliance with regulations, and the promotion of corporate governance that ensures accountability and ethical behaviour within organisations, with the goal of upholding the highest standards of business ethics and conduct.

By addressing these critical areas, the B20’s Integrity and Compliance Task Force aims to create a more transparent, ethical, and sustainable global business environment, aligning with the broader objectives of the G20 to

promote economic stability and growth.

Financial reforms to address greylisting

This arm of the B20’s work has special significance to South Africa, as it works towards exiting the Financial Action Task Force (FATF)’s greylist this year.

In February 2023, the FATF placed South Africa on its greylist, indicating deficiencies in the country’s anti-money laundering and counter-terrorist financing (AML/CFT) measures. Since then, South Africa has undertaken significant steps to address these shortcomings, demonstrating a strong commitment to financial integrity and international compliance.

As of February 2025, South Africa has successfully addressed or largely addressed 20 out of the 22 action items outlined in its FATF Action Plan.

However, two critical action items remain:

• Investigations and Prosecutions: Demonstrating

Why is the G20 Important to South Africa?

a sustained increase in the investigation and prosecution of serious and complex money laundering cases.

• Terrorist Financing: Effectively addressing the full spectrum of terrorist financing activities in alignment with the country’s risk profile.

Addressing these areas is particularly challenging, as they require sustained improvements over successive reporting periods. South African authorities are actively working to meet these requirements, with investigation and prosecution teams collaborating under a prosecutionguided investigation strategy to ensure sustained progress.

The FATF has extended the reporting cycle for these remaining action items, allowing South Africa until June 2025 to demonstrate sufficient progress.

If successful, this timeline positions the country for potential removal from the greylist by October 2025. National Treasury emphasizes that these improvements are crucial for delisting and strengthening the fight against crime and corruption within South Africa. n

South Africa is the only African nation in the G20, providing it with a unique platform to represent the interests of developing nations and the African continent. The country’s participation is crucial for several reasons:

• Economic growth and investment: The G20 provides South Africa with direct engagement opportunities with the world’s largest economies, facilitating trade agreements, foreign investment, and economic partnerships that drive growth.

• Advancing African interests: As Africa’s sole representative, South Africa advocates for debt relief, infrastructure development, and economic inclusion for African nations, ensuring that global economic policies consider the continent’s unique challenges.

• Financial stability and policy coordination: Given the impact of global financial trends on emerging economies, South Africa benefits from policy discussions on monetary stability, inflation control, and international financial regulations, helping the country navigate economic uncertainties.

• Sustainable Development and Climate Action: Climate financing, energy transition, and sustainability are key topics at the G20. South Africa uses the platform to secure funding and technical assistance for renewable energy projects, carbon reduction, and climate adaptation strategies.

• Job Creation and Digital Transformation: The G20’s focus on innovation, digital inclusion, and employment strategies aligns with South Africa’s need to tackle unemployment and bridge the digital divide, ensuring a more inclusive economy.

By actively participating in the G20, South Africa strengthens its global influence, attracts economic opportunities, and champions policies that foster inclusive and sustainable development both locally and across Africa.

Sources: B20 South Africa | National Treasury

BY JESSIE TAYLOR

Building a thriving Free State Premier’s vision for economic growth and social transformation

Sources:FreeStatePremier’sOffice

BY KOKETSO MAMABOLO

VAT? What’s that?

Honourable Enoch Godongwana, Finance Minister

What’s VAT? Three simple letters have dominated headlines since the unprecedented delay of the budget speech in February, drawing speculation from all corners of the country, whether it be in the corridors of power, or in homes, on sidewalks, in public transport and all the places where people interact as they go about their lives, where every cent counts.

Value-added tax (VAT) is the main indirect tax on goods and services. For most consumers it’s an extra cost we rarely think about unless we look closely at our till slips. We know that when we pay R100 for an Uber trip, for example, R15 goes to the South African Revenue Service (SARS). For Uber, and many other businesses, it’s a cost they factor into the final price, and revenue which they then pay to SARS.

Referred to as ‘traders’ or ‘vendors’, who make taxable supplies of more

than R1-million per annum, they have to register, and it must be charged on goods and services at every stage of production and distribution, including on importation and imported goods.

Why VAT?

In her book The Deficit Myth, economist Stephanie Kelton argues that there are four reasons why there are taxes of any kind. If the government allowed consumers to merely spend without taking a portion it could lead to an oversupply of the rand which would mean too much money would be ‘chasing’ too little goods and services. In other words, there would be more money than things to spend it on, otherwise known as ‘inflation’, which is one reason Kelton argues that we are taxed.

A second reason, she says, is that tax can be used as a tool to change the distribution of wealth and income. With widespread inequality, it has long been referred to as a possible way of reducing the gap between rich and poor e.g. wealth tax.

Governments can also use taxes “to encourage or discourage certain behaviours.” The ‘sin’ tax on tobacco products and alcohol, which always goes up (often above inflation), is an obvious example of a tax which is aimed at disincentivising consumption, as is carbon tax and South Africa’s progressive sugar tax.

A fourth reason, one which is behind the increase the Finance Minister has proposed, is that taxes “enable governments to provision themselves without the use of explicit force.”

The idea being that if the government stopped requiring taxpayers to pay using their rands there would be less taxpayers leaving the government with less money to spend on public goods and services such as roads, schools, healthcare facilities, and the salaries of the people needed to provide it all. With the initial 2% VAT hike National Treasury was expecting SARS to collect R58-billion in revenue to bolster efforts to fund a ‘growth’ budget which would dish out additional resources for education and healthcare, among other things.

While taxes are an old instrument of funding the work of the state, VAT is a relatively new concept in South Africa, introduced only three years before the country became a democracy. Before VAT we had GST, the General Sales Tax, which was introduced in 1978. It began at a modest 4% but rose to 12% in early 1985. Unlike VAT, which has a limited number of goods and services which are exempt, GST was not charged on most food and most services. It was an administrative strain and did not generate much tax revenue. Enter VAT in 1991.

What goes up… must go up?

VAT was introduced as a way of simplifying indirect tax administration and broadening the tax base, creating a significant source of revenue for the state. It started at 10% and in 1993 was increased to 14%. The next increase was a quarter of a century later in 2018, to 15%. And now, in May this year, if the proposal is accepted,

we’ll see a 0.5% increase, with another half a percent on the cards in April next year, pending review.

In both instances, 2018 and 2025, the budget deficit has been a significant reason why this indirect tax was chosen as a means for collecting revenue. In short, if the government has to spend more than what SARS collects then they are left with a deficit. There are different schools of thought around how governments can proceed. Kelton belongs in the camp which, as the title of her book The Deficit Myth suggests, argues that the state is the sole issuer of a currency and is able, within certain limits, to fill the deficit by using the power of reserve banks to print money. In economic circles this concept is considered somewhat of a heterodox one, and the more orthodox line of thinking is wary of the inflationary effects of printing money, among other criticisms of what is called ‘modern monetary theory’.

The dominant, orthodox strain approaches the deficit with caution, opting to incur debt as a way of filling the gap, and then working hard to service the debt and not incur too much more debt relative to the country’s gross domestic product (GDP). When VAT was first introduced, in 1991, the country’s debt was 33.9% of GDP, according to the World Bank. It had shot up to 59.1% by 2018 and is now sitting

VAT was introduced as a way of simplifying indirect tax administration and broadening the tax base, creating a significant source of revenue for the state.

staggeringly close to 80%. National Treasury’s approach has been focused on debt as the main issue to contend with and has sought, quite aggressively, to tame it. From the time the ‘Governor’, the late Tito Mboweni, was called in to steer the ship as Finance Minister, through to his successor, Pravin Gordhan, until Hon. Enoch Gondongwana’s current tenure, austerity has been the main instrument used to try and deflate the balloon.

There are many economists, like Kelton and the passionate South African economist Duma Gqubule, who would highlight that austerity has clear, negative effects, leaving a shortage of public servants and shortfalls in funding for necessary goods and services.

The VAT hike, the Finance Minister explained, the day after “Budget 2.0”, was his suggestion for a way to move away from austerity towards a ‘growth’ budget. As we’ve seen earlier, the initial 2% would have yielded tens of billions in revenue, most of which would have gone to education, health, transport and security, areas which National Treasury has

BY KOKETSO MAMABOLO

been criticised for underfunding.

“After careful consideration, the government has decided to fund these. Deferring the funding of these sectors further would compromise the government’s ability to meet its constitutional obligations to the people,” said the Minister, in his Budget Speech. “To raise the revenue needed, the government proposes to increase the VAT rate by half- a-percentage point in 2025/26, and by another half-a-percentage point in the following year.”

This would take VAT to 16%.

“Government also proposes no inflationary adjustments to personal income tax brackets, rebates and medical tax credits, ” he added. Together, these measures will r aise R28-billion in 2025/26 and R14.5-billion in 2026/27.

Stuck between a rock and a hard place

A range of alternatives to a VAT hike have been outlined by various groups and individuals, including organised labour, academics, journalists and, notably, the SARS commissioner. National Treasury looked at the alternatives and decided that a VAT hike would be the best option, albeit a tough one. “We weighed up the policy tradeoffs involved, including increases to corporate and personal taxes. Increasing corporate or personal income tax rates would generate less revenue, while potentially harming investment, job creation and economic growth.”

Lance Collop, a chartered accountant, tax advisor and founder of Collop Tax Collective, agrees that personal income and corporate tax are not a viable option. “Our corporate tax rate is already too high, and has been for some

time, when considered against our major trading partners,” says Lance, echoing the Minister’s sentiments. “Also, on a more technical note, corporate tax collections are far from buoyant while VAT collections are incredibly buoyant.”

Similarly, Lance believes that a wealth tax would not generate the revenue needed in the short term and could even shrink an already small tax base. “In my view, we need to reformulate our overall tax rate framework. In particular, I believe that the corporate tax rate should be lower while the VAT and dividends tax rates should be higher.”

The other alternative would be taking on more debt, but with the 74.7% debt-to-GDP ratio projected for 2024/25, it wasn’t a feasible solution. “The amount [needed to meet spending pressures] is simply too large,” said the Minister. “The cost of borrowing would be unaffordable. Our sub-investment credit rating would also make this level of borrowing costlier and put us at risk of even further downgrades.”

“The government is very aware of the cost-of-living pressures faced by households including high food and fuel prices and rising electricity and transportation costs,” said the Minister.

“The average South African consumer is already overburdened, over-extended, and over-indebted,” says Lance, who goes on to highlight how it could result in a decrease in demand, placing pressure on businesses and leading to higher unemployment.

National Treasury’s cushion to the blow are a break on the fuel levy and an increase on the number of goods which are exempt from it. The goods

Lance Collop, Tax Advisor, CA and Founder of Collop Tax Collective

which are already zero-rated that consumers are more familiar with are the basic foodstuffs. There are less than two dozen on that list, including brown bread, milk, maize meal and eggs. National Treasury has proposed adding canned vegetables to the list, along with dairy liquid blends and organ meats (offal). Exports are already zero-rated, as are certain grants, international transport services and illuminating paraffin.

When the VAT regime was first promulgated, in 1991, there were no zero-rated goods or services.

Public pressure pushed authorities to make brown bread zero-rated and later another eight items, just before the system was scheduled to be introduced. When the second VAT hike came in 1993, more public pressure led to another nine items being added. “We are aware that a lower overall burden of tax can help to increase investment and job creation and also unlock household spending power,” said the Minister.

“We have, however, had to balance this knowledge against the very real, and pressing, service delivery needs that are vital to our

developmental goals and which cannot be further postponed.”

In this the Minister touches on the difficult compromises that need to be made when considering something as important as the state’s budget. The State of the Nation Address articulated the grand vision, comparable to a wedding and honeymoon phases when there’s a world of possibility. The budget speech is the return home, the start of reality, which takes work and requires trade-offs. Time will tell if the proposal is approved. The first of May is around the corner. n

From left to right: Honourable Edward Kieswetter (SARS Commissioner), Honourable Enoch Godongwana (Finance Minister) and Honourable David Masondo (Deputy Finance Minister)

Understanding your credit score

More and more South African consumers are accessing credit, according to the National Credit Regulator (NCR). The NCR highlights that the number of consumers with credit agreements has grown, particularly in the first quarter of 2025. As of this period, around 25.8 million credit agreements were in place, with a significant number of consumers holding multiple types of credit. While many individuals rely on credit to manage their finances, there are concerns about the impact of rising debt levels on consumer financial stability. This highlights the need for responsible borrowing, and one tool consumers can use to monitor their credit is their credit score.

A credit score is an essential financial tool that reflects your ability to repay debt and manage credit. It’s a number that lenders and financial institutions rely on to assess the risk of lending you money. In South Africa, credit scores generally range from 300 to 850, with higher scores indicating a stronger credit history and a greater likelihood of securing financial products, such as loans and credit cards. However, understanding your credit score and knowing how to improve it can be pivotal for achieving financial stability and unlocking better opportunities.

The key factors that influence your credit score include:

• Payment History (35%): Your track record of paying bills on time is one of the most significant factors.

• Credit Utilisation (30%): This is the ratio of your current credit card balances to your available credit.

• Length of Credit History (15%): A more extended credit history is more favourable because it gives lenders more insight into your financial behaviour.

• Credit Mix (10%): Having various credit types (e.g., credit cards, mortgages, and auto loans) can positively impact you.

• New Credit (10%): Applying for too much credit quickly can negatively affect your score.

A credit score differs from a credit report. Your report is a detailed record of your credit activity and contains information about your credit accounts, such as loans, credit cards, and payment history. It also includes details of any defaults or collections on your accounts.

Your credit score is a snapshot of your financial behaviour, whereas the credit report provides a comprehensive view of your credit history. To improve your credit score, it’s crucial to monitor both, ensuring that your report is accurate and up to date.

In South Africa, checking your credit score is relatively simple. Several services, including financial institutions and credit bureaus, provide access to your credit score at no cost. You can also request a credit report directly from the main credit bureaus. South African regulations allow you to request one free credit report per year from each of the major credit bureaus, ensuring you have access to your information and can address any issues promptly.

How to achieve a good credit score

A good credit score is key to accessing a wide range of financial products and securing favourable interest rates. It can also signal financial reliability to potential lenders, making you an attractive candidate for loans, credit cards, and even rental agreements.

Source:

Here are some essential tips to help you build and maintain a good credit score:

Pay your bills on time

Timely payment is crucial to maintaining a healthy credit score. Payment history is the most influential factor in your credit score, making up about 35% of the calculation. Late or missed payments can significantly impact your score, so staying on top of payment deadlines is essential. Set reminders or automate payments to avoid late fees and potential damage to your credit score.

Keep your credit utilisation low

Credit utilisation accounts for 30% of your credit score, so keeping your credit card balances well below your credit limit is important. Financial experts recommend keeping your utilisation under 30%. For example, if your credit limit is R10 000, aim to keep your balance below R3 000. A lower credit utilisation rate shows lenders that you are managing your credit responsibly.

Maintain a long credit history

The longer your credit history, the more insight lenders have into your financial behaviour. The length of your credit history makes up about 15% of your credit score. If you’ve had credit accounts for several years, your score is likely to reflect this stable financial background. Keep older accounts open, even if you’re not actively using them, to maintain a longer credit history.

Diversify your credit types

A healthy mix of different credit types, such as credit cards, retail accounts, and loans, can contribute positively to your credit score, accounting for around 10%. Having a diverse credit profile signals to lenders that you can manage various types of credit responsibly. However, don’t open unnecessary accounts just for the sake of variety; only apply for credit you truly need.

Limit hard credit inquiries

Each time you apply for credit, a hard inquiry is made, which can slightly lower your score. Multiple hard inquiries in a short period can make you appear financially unstable, potentially lowering your score. Limit credit applications to avoid unnecessary hits on your score. Soft inquiries, such as when you check your own credit score, do not affect your score.

Building and maintaining a good credit score is an essential step in achieving financial well-being. It opens doors to favourable loan terms, lower interest rates, and better financial opportunities. Understanding the factors that influence your credit score and regularly checking both your score and your credit report will put you in a better position to manage your finances effectively.

BY KOKETSO MAMABOLO

Four more years, four more years! Patrice

Motsepe re-elected as CAF President

atrice Motsepe was re-elected for his second four-year term as president of the Confederation of African Football (CAF) at the special sitting of the General Assembly held in Cairo on the 13th of March.

The first time around his experience as an owner of Mamelodi Sundowns, knowledge and status as one of South Africa’s titans of industry and a great friend of sport — with as much love for football as his Blue Bulls partner Johann Rupert has for rugby — was enough to get him the job. For his second term, which he won unopposed, it has been the way he’s been steering CAF’s finances towards a sustainable path, tightening governance through a zero-tolerance policy on corruption and encouraging transparency.

Along with tending to the nuts and bolts, CAF has also set a particular focus on grassroots development and contributions to member associations, setting aside about a third of its budget to take care of the sport’s foundations. The goal is for member associations to receive $1-million in annual funding

Infrastructure continues to be one of African football’s major challenges, one which Motsepe acknowledged after his second term was confirmed, urging

African heads of state to invest in football infrastructure and reap its financial benefits, using the example of the reported $1.5-billion injection Cote d’Ivoire received from hosting the African Cup of Nations in 2024.

The federation made $72-million in profit from its showpiece event last year, a huge leap from the $4-million it recorded from the 2021 tournament in Cameroon with the next edition of the African Cup of Nations kicking off at the end of this year.

For Motsepe, it’s about leaving CAF a better place than he found it and facilitating the kind of changes in the sport that he and football supporters across the continent hope will give Africa a proper seat at the table.

“My duty is to make sure there are leaders now, who can continue with the work of CAF [sic]. For us, it’s a legacy issue. We are honoured to be part of this legacy. There’s a revolution taking place in African football and we are privileged to be part of that revolution,” he said last year, when he confirmed his intention to stand for re-election.

“Part of the revolution is in the results on the field. Morocco reached the semifinals of the World Cup [in 2022]. There was

the success of the Afcon in Ivory Coast, which was watched by 180 nations. This has never happened. The prize money being given to the winning teams increased.”

The end of his second term will come just a year before the 2030 FIFA World Cup, the centenary edition, which will be held in Morocco, Spain and Portugal following the three opening games scheduled to take place in South America, in a nod to the inaugural tournament in 1930. He was instrumental in lobbying for Morocco to host arguably the biggest sporting event in the world outside of the Olympics, ensuring CAF members presented a united front.

“The 2030 World Cup is a source of immense pride for the entire African continent,” said earlier this year. “This is truly Africa’s World Cup. Morocco has set the standard for Africa. The work [the country] has done serves as a model for sustainable football development across the continent.”

Motsepe will still be eligible for a third and final term in 2029 but it remains to be seen if he’ll still be at the helm when Africa welcomes the football world to its shores again. Until then, to use the slogan from the 2010 World Cup held in South Africa (the first African country to host the tournament): Ke nako, it’s time to get to work. n

BY KOKETSO MAMABOLO

CAF Confederations Cup

Stellenbosch FC vs Zamalek SC 2 & 9 April

CAF Champions League

Orlando Pirates vs MC Alger 8 April

Esperance vs Mamelodi Sundowns 9 April

WHAT’S ON IN APRIL

EPCR Challenge Cup

Edinburgh vs Lions 4 April

Aviron Bayonnais vs Blue Bulls 5 April

Lyon vs Sharks 6 April

1 Japan GP 6 April

Bahrain GP 13 April

Saudi Arabia GP 20 April Moto GP Qatar GP 12 April

Stay informed about environmental, social, & governance trends, strategies & best practices. Feature in our publication to join us in shaping a better tomorrow.

BY JESSIE TAYLOR

Understanding employer rights in South Africa

The South African labour law ensures that employers and employees clearly understand their rights and responsibilities in the workplace. While much attention is often given to employee rights, it is equally important to acknowledge the rights of employers.

These rights are designed to create a balanced, fair, and legally compliant work environment. Employer rights are outlined in South Africa’s labour legislation, which maps out how employers can protect their interests while complying with labour laws. Employers in South Africa are entitled to specific rights that

help maintain workplace order and productivity. These include expecting employees to render agreed services during designated working hours and enforcing workplace rules and performance standards. Employers can also expect employees to follow lawful and reasonable instructions and maintain a disciplined and professional work environment.

Employers can also expect employees to act in good faith and with loyalty to the employer, and are allowed to hold employees accountable for product specifications and quality standards.

There are several other key rights that employers enjoy:

1. Employer’s right to determine job roles

One of the fundamental rights of an employer is the ability to define job roles and responsibilities. Employers have the right to determine the criteria for hiring employees, provided that they do not engage in discriminatory practices based on age, race, gender, disability, or other protected characteristics.

Additionally, employers are entitled to establish the specific responsibilities associated with each role and set performance expectations. This helps to ensure that employees understand their duties and can be held accountable for their work performance.

2. Right to establish workplace policies and procedures

Employers have the right to create and enforce workplace policies and procedures that govern employee conduct and business operations. These policies may cover a wide range of areas, including:

• Ethical behaviour

• Leave entitlements

• Pay structures

• Performance standards

• Customer interactions

• Dress codes and grooming standards

By clearly outlining expectations, employers can maintain a structured and professional work environment. However, these policies must be fair, reasonable, and in line with labour laws.

3. Right to provide and monitor work equipment

When employees are provided with company-owned equipment, such as laptops, mobile phones, or other tools necessary for their job, the employer retains ownership of these assets. Employers have the right to

monitor how these resources are used, ensuring they are being used strictly for business purposes. Employers may also implement policies that regulate internet usage on company networks, restrict access to certain websites, and track browsing history. These measures help protect company data and ensure productivity.

4. Right to expect honesty and commitment to business objectives

Employers have the right to expect employees to act with integrity and work towards achieving business objectives. Employees should conduct themselves ethically, remain transparent in their tasks, and contribute positively to the company’s overall success.

Employees who engage in dishonest behaviour, including fraud or theft, breach their employment contract and may face legal consequences. Employers should implement clear policies outlining expectations regarding honesty and ethical behaviour.

5. Right to maintain proper employment records

Employers have the right—and responsibility—to maintain comprehensive employment records. These records may include:

• Employee contracts

• Salary payments

• Tax compliance records

• Performance evaluations

• Disciplinary actions

• Workplace disputes

Keeping accurate records helps employers demonstrate compliance with labour laws, resolve disputes effectively, and manage employee performance in an informed manner.

• Understanding labour laws: Employers should stay informed about South African labour legislation to ensure compliance and avoid potential legal pitfalls.

• Training managers and supervisors: Those responsible for hiring, managing, and disciplining employees should receive proper training on legal and effective employee management practices.

• Implementing clear policies: Establishing well-documented human resource policies, procedures, and disciplinary codes can help regulate workplace behaviour and provide clear guidelines for resolving conflicts.

• Seeking expert advice: Employers should maintain access to reputable labour law experts who can provide guidance on issues such as misconduct, retrenchments, trade union negotiations, and CCMA disputes.

While South African labour laws primarily focus on employee rights, employers also have critical rights that enable them to manage their businesses effectively.

Although the legal system does not currently recognise unfair labour practices against employers in the same way it does for employees, there are several strategies employers can implement to safeguard their rights:

Understanding and exercising these rights within the framework of labour laws ensures that employers can operate fairly while maintaining compliance.

Employers can navigate workplace challenges effectively and foster a balanced, legally compliant work environment by implementing strategic policies, training management teams, and staying informed about labour regulations. n

BY SUE RAMAUTHAR

Ergonomics at home and work

Setting up a pain-free workspace

Let’s face it—most of us weren’t thinking about ergonomics when we hastily set up our home or office workspace when COVID hit. But as the backaches, neck stiffness, and wrist pain creep in, it’s clear that poor workstation design is taking its toll. The good news? You don’t need an expensive chair or a fancy sit-stand desk to fix it. Small, smart changes can go a long way in creating a comfortable, pain-free workspace—whether you’re in a high-rise office or working from the kitchen table.

1. Your chair setup

Bad habit: Slouching or sinking into your chair like a sack of potatoes.

Quick fix: Sit back in your chair with your lower back supported—if your chair lacks lumbar support, roll up a towel and place it at your lower back curve. Your feet should be flat on the floor (or on a box if needed), and your knees level with or slightly below your hips.

2. Adjusting your work surface

Bad habit: Hunching over a desk, and reaching forward to type.

Quick fix: Your elbows should be at a 90-degree angle when typing, on an armrest, with wrists in a neutral (straight) position. If your desk is too high, raise your chair and use a footrest. Too low? Prop your laptop or monitor up with books. And consider using a separate keyboard.

3. Screen strain - Finding the perfect view

Bad habit: Peering down at your screen causing pressure into your neck.

Quick fix: The top of your screen should be at eye level to prevent neck strain. Use a laptop stand (or a stack of books) to elevate your screen and pair it with an external keyboard and mouse for better posture.

4. Mouse & keyboard - Hand position matters

Bad habit: Reaching too far for your mouse or keyboard.

Quick fix: Keep them close—your upper arms should be relaxed at your sides. Consider a wrist rest or use a folded towel to keep your wrists in a neutral position and avoid awkward bends.

5. The standing and movement breaks

Bad habit: Sitting for hours oblivious to the impact on your body.

Quick fix: Set a reminder to stand, stretch, and move every 30–45 minutes. Try the 20-20-20 rule: Every 20 minutes, look at something 20 feet away for 20 seconds to reduce eye strain.

6. Lighting & glare: Save your eyes

Bad habit: Squinting at a screen like you’re reading fine print in dim light.

Quick fix: Position your screen to avoid glare, use task lighting, and adjust brightness to reduce strain. Bonus tip: Blink often and stay hydrated—your eyes will thank you.

7. The “Phone Cradle” problem: Stop the shoulder squeeze

Bad habit: Pinning your phone between your ear and shoulder when taking calls.

Quick fix: Use a headset or speakerphone instead—your neck muscl for multitasking like that!

The Bottom Line

Ergonomics doesn’t have to be complicated or costly. By making these small tweaks, you can dramatically reduce your risk of work-related aches and pains. And remember —keep moving throughout the day! n

Sue Ramauthar is a corporate wellness practitioner and physiotherapist at SuedeWellness

BY JESSIE TAYLOR

1 MAR

Zero Discrimination Day

Zero Discrimination Day promotes the right of every individual to live a life free from discrimination in all its forms. This day emphasises the importance of inclusion, compassion, and peace, aiming to foster a global movement to eliminate discrimination. Discrimination manifests in various ways, including laws and practices that marginalise individuals based on gender, age, sexuality, ethnicity, or health status. Such discriminatory measures not only violate human rights but also hinder access to essential services, thereby exacerbating social and economic inequalities. By commemorating Zero Discrimination Day, individuals, communities, and organisations worldwide are encouraged to advocate for the removal of discriminatory laws and practices. This collective action is vital in creating societies where everyone can live with dignity and equality, free from stigma and discrimination.

3 MAR

World Wildlife Day

World Wildlife Day celebrates the diverse forms of wild fauna and flora and raises awareness about their conservation. The 2024 theme, “Connecting People and Planet: Exploring Digital Innovation in Wildlife Conservation,” emphasises the role of digital technologies in promoting wildlife conservation and sustainable coexistence. Advancements such as satellite tracking and data analytics have enhanced our ability to monitor and protect endangered species. Despite technological progress, challenges persist. Approximately 2.7 billion people worldwide remain offline, with limited access to digital tools that could aid in conservation efforts. Addressing this digital divide is crucial for inclusive and effective wildlife protection strategies.

World Wildlife Day serves as a platform for cross-generational dialogue, empowering youth and marginalised communities to engage in conservation through digital means.

21 MAR

World Day for Glaciers

World Day for Glaciers underscores the critical importance of glaciers to Earth’s ecosystems and human societies. It aims to raise global awareness about glaciers’ vital role in sustaining life and the urgent need to protect them. Glaciers serve as natural freshwater reservoirs, storing approximately 70% of the world’s freshwater. More than 2 billion people rely on glaciers and snowmelt for their water needs, highlighting glaciers’ essential role in global water security. However, climate change has accelerated glacier retreat, contributing to sea-level rise - current levels are about 20 centimetres higher than in 1900 - and increasing the risk of natural disasters such as floods and landslides. Projections indicate that glaciers could vanish in onethird of current sites by 2050, posing significant threats to ecosystems and human livelihoods. World Day for Glaciers calls for collective action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and implement sustainable practices to preserve these vital icy giants, ensuring they continue to support life on Earth for generations to come.

Calendar

24 MAR

World Tuberculosis Day

World Tuberculosis (TB) Day serves to raise public awareness about the devastating health, social, and economic consequences of TB and to intensify efforts to end the global TB epidemic. This date marks the discovery of the TB-causing bacterium by Dr. Robert Koch in 1882, a pivotal moment in the fight against the disease. TB remains one of the world’s deadliest infectious diseases, with 1.25 million people succumbing to it in 2023. The WHO calls for action on several fronts to ensure that the commitments made to end TB are achieved. This includes accelerating the rollout of new WHO-recommended shorter all-oral treatment regimens for drug-resistant TB and urging countries to ramp up progress in the leadup to the 2023 UN High-Level Meeting on TB.

30 MAR

International Day of Zero Waste

The International Day of Zero Waste emphasises the urgent need to address the global waste crisis. It promotes sustainable consumption and production patterns and encourages individuals, communities, industries, and governments to engage in activities that raise awareness about zero-waste initiatives and their role in achieving sustainable development. Globally, households, small businesses, and public service providers generate between 2.1 and 2.3 billion tons of municipal solid waste annually, encompassing materials such as packaging, electronics, plastics, and food. Alarmingly, 2.7 billion people lack access to solid waste collection services, and only about 61–62% of municipal solid waste is managed in controlled facilities. Annual waste generation is projected to reach 3.8 billion tons by 2050 without immediate action. By embracing zerowaste principles, societies can minimise pollution, conserve natural resources, and contribute significantly to the achievement of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Collective action from all stakeholders is essential to transition towards a more sustainable and waste-free world.