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WEEKEND EDITION / THURSDAY, SEPT. 15, 2016 VOLUME 91 ISSUE 11

#1

THE HIGH PLAINS PRODUCES

TWO-THIRDS

TEXAS IS THE NATION’S TOP COTTON-PRODUCING STATE

OF TEXAS COTTON & COTTONSEED;

20-30 PERCENT

LUBBOCK COUNTY IS ONE OF THE TOP COTTON-PRODUCING COUNTIES IN THE UNITED STATES

OF U.S. COTTON & COTTONSEED;

3-5 PERCENT

633 LBS

OF WORLD COTTON & COTTONSEED

AVERAGE YIELD PER HARVESTED ACRE ON THE HIGH PLAINS ONE BALE OF COTTON WEIGHS ABOUT

500 LBS

U.S. PAPER MONEY IS MADE OF

75 PERCENT

COTTON & 25 PERCENT LINEN

& CAN MAKE

248 BED SHEETS 1,217 T-SHIRTS 1,256 PILLOW CASES 4,321 MID-CALF SOCKS 21,960 HANDKERCHIEFS

ONE BALE CAN MAKE ABOUT

300,000 $100 BILLS

SOURCE: PLAINS COTTON GROWER, INC.

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TECH INNOVATIONS REVOLUTIONIZE COTTON INDUSTRY

CASNR CONTINUES COTTON RESEARCH

GENERATIONAL COTTON GROWERS CONTINUE FARMING

CELEBRATE COTTON GAME RECOGNIZES REGION

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NEWS

SEPT. 15, 2016

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COTTON

Tech innovations revolutionize cotton industry

By REECE NATIONS Staff Writer

The cotton industry has seen more innovation over the past 30 years than most people realize.

“About 30 percent of our area’s economic output is from agriculture,” Darren Hudson, a professor of agricultural and applied economics, said. “Half of that percentage comes directly from cotton, so roughly 15 percent of Lubbock’s economy comes from cotton.”

In terms of cotton’s economic impact, it is one of

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the most efficient crops in the area, Hudson said.

That efficiency requires great sustainability.

“Given the resource restraints that we have, (cotton) is a very sustainable crop,” Hudson said. “It all depends on what you mean by sustainable, however.”

No crop is perfectly sustainable. Sustainability refers to how efficiently farmers use their resources, he said. In this region, it takes less groundwater to grow a cotton crop than a corn crop.

“In places like California and Arizona, cotton is grown almost entirely with irrigated water,” Hudson said. “There’s less groundwater in those areas. Here only about 50 percent is irrigated, and the rest is grown using rainwater.”

Moreover, cotton is biodegradable, which means it breaks down and eventually turns back into cellulose in a landfill. The polyester most commonly used in clothes production requires petroleum, which is not biodegradable, Hudson said.

When compared to other fibers like linen or wool, cotton has far less of an ecological impact in terms of carbon emissions and sustainability, he said.

“Cotton has been growing in this region for over 200 years,” Steve Verett, executive vice president of Plains Cotton Growers,

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Hudson said. “There’s also been a 68 percent reduction in soil loss because we use different kinds of cultivation techniques, like limited tillage farming, that reduce soil erosion.”

The advances in production efficiency from the evolution of technology now allow cotton growers to produce 50 percent more cotton on the same amount of land, Verett said. In the United

States, use of insecticides has reduced because of advances in biotechnology.

“We produce about 15 million bales of cotton a year. 30 years ago, we produced that same amount of cotton but needed 30 percent more land to do it,” Hudson said. “Now, that land can be used for other cultivation needs like food production.” @ReeceNationsDT

eighth best college in the state of Texas, according to the report. The biggest climber in Texas was Southern Methodist University, which rose five spots from last year and is now tied with the Uni-

versity of Texas at Austin at no. 56 in nation.

Rice University, ranked as the best higher learning institution in Texas, rose three spots from last year and is now ranked 15th in the nation. UT

Austin and SMU are tied for second in Texas.

Dallas Baptist University, which was unranked last year, is now 214th in the nation.

Among the universities that dropped in rankings

this year are UT Austin, Texas A&M University, University of Houston and Tech.

SMU, Baylor University and the University of Texas at Dallas all rose in rankings this year. @ReeceNationsDT

Senate antagonist Cruz makes nice with campaign fundraisers CHICAGO (AP) — Longtime Senate troublemaker Ted Cruz is trying to make nice with some of his establishment colleagues, with peace offerings where it counts most: their campaign war chests.

Invitations sent to top Republicans and donors on Wednesday said Cruz is teaming up with fellow Texan and Senate Majority Whip John Cornyn to host fundraisers in Houston

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STEVE VERETT VICE PRESIDENT The high planes of West Texas are ideal for cotton cultivation. About 30 percent of the nation’s cotton and 60 percent of all cotton grown in Texas is produced on the high plans, Verett said.

Cotton is also more than just a fiber source. While the fiber is woven into clothes and home textiles, the seeds are used as feed for cows, Verett said. The seeds can also be pressed and turned into cottonseed oil that can be used in cooking, cosmetics, soap and food products like chips and salad dressing.

“On average in the U.S., there has been a 75 percent reduction in water consumption for cotton farming (over the past 30 years),”

ASSOCIATED PRESS

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Cotton has been growing in this region for over 200 years. If it really took too much water to sustain output, we wouldn’t be able to grow here.

Tech drops eight spots in US News rankings

Today’s

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rigation) is 100 percent efficient,” Hudson said.

“We produce more economic benefit per inch of water today than we ever have in the past.”

NATION

Texas Tech was ranked the 176th best college in the U.S. according to the latest U.S. News and World Report college rankings. It dropped eight spots from last year.

Tech was ranked the

Creative Editor Anthony Estolano online@dailytoreador.com

Inc., said. “If it really took too much water to sustain output, we wouldn’t be able to grow here.”

Verett said reports of cotton’s harmful impact on the environment are often sensationalized by organizations that push their own agendas.

“Growing cotton is a good use of the resources we have in this area,” Verett said. “It thrives in the semi-arid climate of the high plains region.”

On average, Lubbock receives 18 inches of rainfall yearly. Because of this, cotton does not require nearly as much irrigation as one might think, Verett said.

Agriculture: an evolving science The cotton farming industry has come a long way.

A common farming practice in the 1950s was flood irrigation, sometimes called furrow irrigation. It involves trenches dug between crop rows in a field. Farmers then flow water down into the trenches to fill the reservoir, Hudson said.

Since then, various systems of sprinklers have been implemented to irrigate crops. However, the issue of losing water to evaporation made the process inefficient, Hudson said. Today, subsurface hoses soak the topsoil in water, so that evaporation is minimized.

“Subsurface drip (ir-

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HARD

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In Sudoku, all the numbers 1 to 9 must be in every row, column and 3 x 3 box. Use logic to define the answers.

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benefit, though they aren’t scheduled to attend.

Ayotte, in particular, has been an outspoken Cruz critic, questioning the partial government shutdown Cruz helped spark in 2013 and criticizing him during a flap over funding for Planned Parenthood that nearly caused another shutdown two years later.

The invitations ask attendees for donations of between $1,000 and $10,000.

AP

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Puzzles by PageFiller

and Dallas next month. The gatherings will benefit a coalition that’s more traditional than the tea party-backed lawmakers who are usually Cruz’s closest allies.

Sens. Kelly Ayotte of New Hampshire, Roy Blunt of Missouri, Richard Burr of North Carolina and Chuck Grassley of Iowa are set to attend the events, both on Oct. 6. Sens. Rob Portman of Ohio and Pat Toomey of Pennsylvania will also

Cruz has refused to endorse Republican presidential nominee Donald Trump after a bitter presidential primary campaign.

But the fundraisers suggest he’s willing to help Republicans beyond his conservative activist base stay in the Senate — despite railing against establishment leaders in both parties.

David Polyansky, Cruz’s chief of staff, said Cruz will allow fellow Senate Republicans to tap an extensive data network Cruz built while running for president

as part of a “50-state campaign.”

That means potential contact with both traditional conservatives and a robust grassroots network that made Cruz a tea party hero.

Cruz plans to travel Texas in coming weeks and encourage Republican turnout in down-ballot races. He’s also likely to make visits nationally to help Republican senators in tight races, as he did for some GOP candidates in 2014.

AP

Bush paintings book to Homeless care to change come to be printed soon in Dallas project soon NEW YORK (AP) — The next book from former President George W. Bush will be more about pictures than words.

“Portraits of Courage: A Commander in Chief ’s Tribute to America’s Warriors” will feature 66 oil paintings and a four-panel mural by Bush of military veterans and those in active service, the Crown Publishing Group told The Associated Press on Wednesday. The book is scheduled to come out Feb. 28, 2017, and will include an introduction

by Bush and forewords

by former first lady Laura Bush and by Gen. Peter Pace, former chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.

“This is a book about the men and women who have been tremendous nat i onal as s et s in the Armed Forces — and who continue to be vital to the future success of our country,” Bush writes in the introduction. “The greatest honor of the presidency was looking them in the eye and saluting them as their Commander in Chief. And I intend to support and salute them for the rest of my life.”

DALLAS (AP) — Orderly lines of small homes in the shadow of Interstate 30 in Dallas are a sign that Texas is embracing a national trend of giving the homeless permanent, subsidized housing and augmenting it with support services.

Dallas officials this month unveiled the first of what’s expected to be 50 tiny homes that will shelter the city’s most chronically homeless.

The $6.8 million project is seen as a fresh approach to reducing the

number of homeless people in the city and a departure from the tent cities that sprout underneath highway overpasses.

These projects often generate heavy criticism from nearby homeowners and businesses, but the Dallas homes — quaintly named Cottages at Hickory Crossing — are bounded by interstates and have few neighbors.

The development is in keeping with a philosophy gaining ground nationally of providing the homeless with permanent housing and offering them social, medical and other services, or so-called wrap-around support. The approach replaces the longstanding model of shepherding the homeless to shelters and then transitional housing in the hope they find permanent options from there.

“We’re solving a problem for people who are homeless today, but it’s having a ripple effect on the way we fund and on our policies across the state,” said Mandy Chapman Semple, who heads homeless initiatives for Houston as a special assistant to the mayor.

NEWS

WWW.DAILYTOREADOR.COM

SEPT. 15, 2016

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COTTON

Lowering aquifer levels creates need for ingenuity

By LINDA HARDWICKE Staff Writer

Lubbock agriculture relies greatly on a large freshwater aquifer, the Ogallala Aquifer. As the Ogallala Aquifer’s water level lowers, cotton growers and researchers are looking for options to save water.

Low Energy Precision Application irrigation is an irrigation method used by many South Plains cotton growers, David Weindorf, associate dean of research at the College of Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources, said.

The water originally sprayed out of sprinklers on cotton irrigators, but LEPA irrigation sends the water to the ground via hoses, allowing lesser water to evaporate and more water to reach the plants, he said.

The Quaker Research farm uses the most efficient method of irrigation, drip irrigation, to water the cotton grown there, Glen Ritchie, associate professor of crop physiology and faculty coordinator for the Quaker Research Farm, said.

Drip irrigation has close to 100 percent efficiency, while a center pivot irrigation system like LEPA has about 70 to 80 percent efficiency.

“Some of the ways we get around drip and machinery (cutting the irrigation line) is first of all we use GPS in order to know exactly where our drip lines are,” Ritchie said. “When we come in and do field cleanup at the end of the year, we follow the exact

lines, so we make sure we don’t clip the tape. We’ll occasionally still run into minor issues, but typically, we may have 10 or 15 places we might have to fix at the beginning of each season.”

There is an aquifer below the Ogallala called the Dockum Aquifer, he said.

If cotton were developed to handle a higher salt concentration in the water, the Dockum aquifer could be used for agriculture.

“We’ve got a water plan for the city of Lubbock that will last 100 years, but it is fair to say that farmers around the area are concerned about declining aquifer levels and reduction in saturated thickness of the aquifer,” Weindorf said.

“They are actively looking at ways that we can reduce water consumption through conservation techniques.”

The Ogallala Aquifer has decreased, and with that decrease, the salt levels in the water have become higher, Eric Hequet, horn professor and chair at the department of Plant & Soil Science, said.

Plants are needed that handle this better, but it is not a good idea to put overly salty water on the ground.

“A lot of the irrigation water is underground, and it’s limited. It’s not renewable, so we have to be very, very cautious about the amount of water we use, and we don’t have enough rain,” Hequet said. “Irrigation is necessary, but it’s limited.”

A graduate student at Tech is researching cotton’s

genetic resistance to different salt concentrations, Ritchie said. The student is using measurements such as cotton growth, color and yield to determine its reaction to greater salt concentrations.

“From a standpoint from our ability to remove salt from the water, there’s a lot of testing about that,” Ritchie said. “There are companies that are already selling devices that claim to reduce the amount of salt in the water, but I haven’t tested it.”

Playa lakes can recharge

CLEAN BREATHING

aquifers, but very slowly, said Adeline Fox, former education outreach coordinator at the High Plains Underground Water Conservation District. When there is little to no rain and farmers pump ground water, the aquifer lowers.

“The only form of recharge for the Ogallala Aquifer is rain, and so in 2011 when it didn’t rain, and people were having to pump more water in order to basically make up for what they were losing in

rain,” Fox said. “(This) is a bad combination because when you’re not getting the recharge, but you’re also taking more out.”

If it rains, then people don’t have to use the aquifer, and the aquifer collects rainwater, which is a winwin situation, he said. If it does not rain, the aquifer does not get more water, and people pump from the aquifer, which is a loselose situation.

The High Plains has the most efficient irrigation

techniques in the nation, Fox said. Cotton growers have motivation to conserve water because they need the aquifers in order to grow more cotton.

“People have been blending the Dockum Aquifer water with their Ogallala Aquifer once it’s out of the ground,” he said. “They have a blending program, so that they’re diluting the Dockum to make it better for their land. There’s a lot of options out there.” @DT_Lhard

ASSOCIATED PRESS

Tech PD issues crime alert

At approximately 9:34 p.m. between Talkington Hall and the Knapp Hall Z2C Parking Lot, the Texas Tech Police Department was dispatched to investigate a report of indecent exposure.

A female student was walking along the sidewalk near the residence halls when a red, four door passenger car pulled up behind her and the driver exposed himself to

her, according to a campus crime alert email. The driver also asked her if she would perform sex acts for money, according to the email.

The student fled the area and reported the incident to a Community Assistant at Horn Residence Hall, according to the email.

The suspect is described as a Hispanic male, unshaven face, approximately

20-25 years old, wearing a white baseball cap and a blue shirt, according to the email.

Tech PD has increased patrols around campus, according to the email. Any information about the suspect or his identity should be reported to Tech PD by calling them at (806)743-2000 or Crime Line at (806)741-1000 @MichaelCantuDT

ASSOCIATED PRESS

Faster-than-expected corrosion led Pennsylvania to pipeline blast

LAUREN PURSER/The Daily Toreador

Hospitality Services hosts an event with Tech Activities Board on Wednesday in the Free Speech Area outside of the Student Union Building. Students could breathe in different types of oxygens through a nose piece at the event.

GREENSBURG, Pa. (AP) — Faster-than-expected corrosion caused a Pennsylvania natural gas pipeline blast that scorched 40 rural acres in April and badly burned a man whose home was destroyed, the Texas energy company that owns the pipeline said.

Andy Drake, the vice president of operations and environmental health and safety with Houstonbased Spectra Energy Corp., shared those findings Tuesday night in Salem Township, Westmoreland County.

The 30-inch pipeline burst there April 29.

The pipeline showed some corrosion during a 2012 inspection but not enough to warrant action until 2019. That’s because officials anticipated corrosion would grow 2 to 3

percent annually. Instead, the line corrosion increased about five times faster, or 10 to 15 percent each year, said Drake, who apologized for the failure.

“We’ve never seen anything like this before,” Drake told the township’s board of supervisors, as well as federal and state regulators, at a meeting that drew about 80 residents.

“This is the challenge we’ve put to ourselves: Imagine a person standing next to this pipe — your son, your mother. Are we comfortable that this pipe is absolutely safe everywhere?” Drake said.

Spectra is reviewing 625 other sites along the 265-mile pipeline that runs from a gas transmission station in nearby Delmont to Lambertville, New Jersey. Spectra has dug

up 400 of those sites where potential problems have been found and repaired problems found in about a third of those areas. But the company hasn’t found corrosion comparable to what caused the blast, officials said.

The company estimates the digging and repairs will eventually cost $75 million to $100 million.

Preliminary findings by the federal Pipeline & Hazardous Materials Safety Administration show pipeline welds coated with a protective tape failed, causing the explosion. Spectra officials said the tape was mostly used from 1975 to 1985. The pipeline was installed in 1981. ll I want. I don’t ever want a family to go through what we’re going through.”

“We share that with you,” Drake said.

This establishment, Texas Tech University & The Daily Toreador do not encourage underage drinking or alcohol abuse.

OPINIONS

Page 4 Thursday, Sept. 15, 2016

COLUMN

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Video games offer meaningful experiences I sat there at my desk playing “Minecraft” alone in my dorm.

Beautiful, calming sounds of the piano emitted from my headphones.

It was late, but I had no idea what time it was. It didn’t matter.

It was almost nighttime in the game, and I needed to head back to my home before I got murdered by all sorts of spooky monsters.

As I made my way back home, it struck me how deeply immersed I was in the blocky world.

I had completely forgotten about my real life surroundings or how long I’d been playing. In fact, I ended up missing a night class because I lost track of time.

It wasn’t the fact that I found “Minecraft” incredibly fun, per se, but rather it was the experience, the journey.

The fundamentals of what I was actually doing in the game — methodically mining blocks away, brick by brick — is quite tedious

Alex Olges is a freshman journalism major from Humble.

on paper. When you add in everything else such as the sound effects, the piano playing in the background and the solitude of the whole experience, it turns into something profound.

It turns into something almost religious. I was in a serene state, at peace with everything around me. There was no exaggerated emotion or floating thoughts, just tranquility.

Video games offer something these forms of media can’t: interactivity.

This kind of fully immersive experience — immersing not only the body, but

also the mind — is something only video games can offer. Books, movies, TV and music are simply unable to do this on their own.

Video games offer something these forms of media can’t: interactivity. It’s what makes them so popular. Instead of watching a movie, we can be in it; we can control it.

We become a character in the narrative. We choose what to say, what to do and how we feel. It isn’t a passive experience.

Look at “Spec Ops: The Line.” Released in 2012, the game appeared at first glance to be a mediocre, run-of-the-mill, third-person military shooter game.

It certainly played like one, but the game offered quite a large surprise in its story.

“Spec Ops: The Line” forced the player to make extremely difficult, morally ambiguous choices throughout its campaign.

In one infamous scene — spoilers ahead — the player

and his squad come across a large enemy encampment.

The landscape is scattered with enemy soldiers, vastly outnumbering the player and his squad members.

There is a direct connection created between the player a n d t h e g a m e ’s narrative.

The player is met with a choice. He can either launch white phosphorus — look it up, it’s nasty stuff — into the encampment or face the baddies head on.

In my play through, I chose to launch the white phosphorus. It took care of the enemy soldiers quite easily.

What I didn’t know is at the end of the enemy camp was a large group of civilians taking cover in a trench.

As I walked through this trench, I took in the sights of countless of charred, in-

nocent corpses piled on top of one another.

Toward the end of this trench, lay the charred remains of a mother holding her child. The expression on her face is one I will never forget.

As I took all of this in, I realized I did this. I chose to launch the white phosphorus and doom all these innocents to a horrible, excruciating death.

They aren’t watching someone else do something, they’re doing it all themselves.

It was an incredibly powerful moment, and it made me look at war very differently. It helped me to see that sometimes there are hard decisions one has to make, where neither outcome is desirable.

Sure, we could have sim-

ply watched that scene play out like in a movie, but we wouldn’t have gotten the full effect.

Adding in a layer of interactivity, I felt responsible for the death of all those innocent civilians.

Without that interaction, that guilt wouldn’t exist.

The interactivity that video games provide offer experiences on a very personal level.

It allows game developers to not just explore ideas or concepts, but explore those ideas and concepts directly within the players themselves.

There is a direct connection created between the player and the game’s n a r r a t i v e . T h e y a r e n ’t watching someone else do something; they’re doing it all themselves.

With that said, please excuse me while I go ponder the meaning of life while mining for some diamond ore. aolges@dailytoreador.com

COLUMN

Yiannopoulos raises questions regarding satire

T

he issue I had with writing this piece was I did not know of Milo Yiannopoulos before this week. In fact, I only had a vague understanding of the alt-right.

Not knowing this, my first impression of a tour titled the Dangerous Faggot Tour was it must be a comedy show. After looking this up immediately, I found I was very wrong.

It’s a speaking tour for a controversial right-wing political figure.

So, my task when writing this was then to position my political beliefs, describe my position on his beliefs and to present an argument on what I thought of his event.

The same thing anyone who has ever written about him has done.

But, what if my first impression had been correct? How would looking at Yiannopoulos’ tour as a comedy show change the way I described the event?

Obviously, it would be entirely wrong. If I looked at Yiannopoulos as a comedian instead of a political activist, it would be obvious to anyone reading that I was wrong. There is no doubt everyone sees him as a political spokesman, not an entertainer.

But, what if I did.

What if I imagined his

Robert Avila is a first year law student from San Antonio.

speech as a satirical performance? What if maybe — just for a second — I left reality to come back to my first impression.

I could analyze the event as a comedy routine rather than a speech. How would 109 Tech professors view Yiannopoulos, the Dangerous Faggot himself, if this speaking tour was a satirical performance?

Yiannopoulos is a political figure representing his beliefs and his supports. No one would believe him as an entertainer looking to achieve fame from his act.

When I saw Yiannopoulos’ event, I kept the fictional perspective of my first impression.

If I did this, it would obviously be fiction. A presentation not based on facts, apparent to anyone who reads it a fictitious analysis.

But, that is what I did.

When I saw Yiannopoulos’

event, I kept the fictional perspective of my first impression. This is the fictional piece I wrote.

I was late to the event on Monday. I was so late that I couldn’t get in. There was a line of other people who were also told the event had reached capacity. One couple even exclaimed, “But, we came all the way from Amarillo!”

It is here where I found the event was livedstreamed. So, I watched Yiannopoulos’ event on YouTube, using my phone and a pair of cheap headphones.

To start, a representative for the Young Conservatives of Texas Tech took the podium, doing a short comedy routine before introducing Yiannopoulos.

He made fun of his own organization by stating the main goal of their group was to trigger liberals and they were great because they “hate liberals with a passion.”

This was one of the most unusual things I had ever seen. In my experience, political organizations on college campuses can sometimes be very guarded to criticism, hostile and defensive, so it was refreshing to see a member of a group joke comfortably about his own criticism.

While I was told this

would be an entertaining, humorous event, I was blown away by what Yiannopoulos brought to Tech. I had never seen anything like it.

Yiannopoulos plays a self-important caricature of the alt-right, a rightwing based movement known for using the internet meme “Pepe the Frog.”

How would looking at Yiannopoulos’ tour as a comedy show change the way I described the event?

In his act, “Why Do Lesbians Fake So Many Hate Crimes?” Yiannopoulos shows a slide show of women and details of their crimes, while berating their appearances to the laughing audience.

He stated issues which reflected real situations where hate crimes were fabricated, criticizing every lesbian in the world by the actions of these individuals.

Yiannopoulos then accused lesbians of turning victimhood into currency and said feminist “whingers” make hundreds of thousands of dollars by complaining on the internet, where everyone

believes them and opens their wallets.

The internet-star comedian in his $2,995 Gieves & Hawkes suit then complained to the crowd Black Lives Matter supporters and social justice warriors need to stop using victimhood for attention, money and notoriety.

It was a very bold approach to satire, one where the performer criticizes real aspects of a fraction of a group of people by acting like the negative exaggeration of another fraction of a group of people.

His boldness in absurd shock-humor paid off; his fictionalized persona and criticism of everything liberal went well-received by the Tech supporters in his audience.

It is easy to see why people call Yiannopoulos controversial. I could understand anyone — conservative or liberal — being uncomfortable with what was being presented if they did not understand the show was satirical.

Yiannopoulos offends both the liberals his act denounces and the conservatives who support fame-seeking figures such as his character.

Yiannopoulos’ satirical persona could be described as Stephen Colbert’s ill-intentioned alt-

right internet famous younger brother, and his fans love it.

Yiannopoulos’ show is unique. It isn’t critical to one side. It shows the negative aspects that can be found on both ends of our political spectrum. Yiannopoulos balanced this in his act well.

He spends time describing the pitfalls of the liberal media, using controversy to boost ratings and profits, and he parallels this with the right-wing political pundits his persona represents.

His character endorses similar shock-tactics like the fear and hatred-inciting rhetoric he complains the media and liberal groups use to gain fame and profits.

His speech was a satire of the entire political system.

This is why I think Yiannopoulos’ Dangerous Faggot Tour is something anyone, no matter what political leaning, should see.

It is an honest, objective criticism of the extreme fear and hatred our society can sometimes create.

Yiannopoulos’ satirical persona is an offensive and self-critical lampoon of American politics and his provocative use of free speech in his humor-filled performance is well worth seeing. ravila@dailytoreador.com

COLUMN

International students deserve help adjusting

I

magine this: you’re sitting in a class scramming to keep up with not only the complicated equations the teaching assistant is scribbling on the board, but also what he is saying.

You look up to ask your neighbor for clarification, but before you can get the words out he is already asking his neighbor for an explanation.

This feels like a doubleedged sword. I already can’t interpret calculus, and now I need to interpret my teacher as well. I sit in my desk, frustrated. Then, I wonder how my teaching assistant feels.

According to the Texas Tech fact book, our school saw a 22 percent increase in international students, with 2,804 international students enrolled in fall 2014.

Claire Campbell is a junior advertising major from Katy.

Te c h i s b r a n c h i n g out internationally and spreading roots in other countries. Having establishing an international campus in Costa Rica, it is no surprise why our school has such a big presence on the international stage.

Tech is a technology-focused school with a great engineering program, so we see a higher number for foreign students, ergo, a greater need for a stronger Educational Testing Service program that puts speaking at the foreground.

Upon entering a univer-

sity in America, foreign students are expected to take standardized tests that affirm they can read and write English proficiently: basically the SAT or ACT version of what native speakers took before entering college.

Among these tests the ETS TOEFL — Test of English as a Foreign Language — is the most common. The test is administered via internet and evaluates how well you combine listening, reading, writing and speaking skills to perform academic tasks.

Foreign students taking this test — having taken English classes most of their lives — excel in the reading and writing portions, possibly more so than a native speaker. This is because through most of their education, they have learned to just pick the

primarily through advertising revenues generated by the student sales staff with free campus distribution resulting from student service fees.

SUBSCRIPTIONS

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LETTERS

The Daily Toreador welcomes letters from readers. Letters must be no longer than 300 words and must include the author’s name, signature,

correct answer on a test.

This is all fine and dandy, but when it comes to speech they’ve practiced with people who have similar accents.

This kind of preparation-focused investment is the right step forward in helping overseas grad students.

Coming to America, they’re completely unprepared for the fluidity and pronunciation that comes with an American accent causing the barrier between foreign tongue to American ears.

This problem is becoming

more prominent over the years and is demanding attention.

So, this leaves the task of bridging that gap up to our university.

As I mentioned earlier, it’s a well-known fact that Tech has a large population of international students.

After extensive research, I am dumbfounded to discover that our university isn’t providing the resources needed to care for the massive population of foreign graduate students we boast about.

The whole reason we go to a university is to prepare us for our future, and we are doing a disservice to any foreign student by not addressing this problem. Therefore, making the job market, specifically professorships, even harder to break into.

Ohio University has

phone number, student ID number and a description of university affiliation. Students should include year in school, major and hometown.

We reserve the right to edit letters. Anonymous letters will not be accepted for publication. All letters will be verified before they are published. Letters can be emailed to dailytoreador@ttu.edu or brought to 180 Media and Communication. Letters should be sent in before 3 p.m. to ensure the editors have enough time to verify and edit the submission.

GUEST COLUMNS

The Daily Toreador accepts submissions of unsolicited guest columns.

While we cannot acknowledge receipt of all columns, the authors of those selected for publication will be notified. Guest columns should be no longer

changed the game by implementing a program for these graduate students, where they’ll spend up to two hours a day practicing how to speak English to the ears of a native speaker.

The program usually lasts up to a year, and the teacher has final say on whether a student is ready.

This kind of preparationfocused investment is the right step forward in helping overseas graduate students.

So, my question stands: “What is Texas Tech doing to help our students?”

Taken right from our alma mater, “Strive for Honor” is a phrase we pride ourselves on.

This is a perfect opportunity for Tech to step up and live to this principle. opinions@dailytoreador.com

than 650 words in length and on a topic of relevance to the university community. Guest columns are also edited and follow the same guidelines for letters as far as identification and submittal.

EDITORIALS

Unsigned editorials appearing on this page represent the opinion of The Daily Toreador. All other columns, letters and artwork represent the opinions of their authors and are not necessarily representative of the editorial board, Texas Tech University, its employees, its student body or the Board of Regents. The Daily Toreador is independent of the College of Media and Communication. Responsibility for the editorial content of the newspaper lies with the student editors.

NEWS

WWW.DAILYTOREADOR.COM

SEPT. 15, 2016

5

COTTON

CASNR continues cotton research

By LINDA HARDWICKE Staff Writer

Lubbock is a hub for cotton research and the College of Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources conducts this research through the department of Plant & Soil Science.

In 2015, Lubbock County produced 358,000 bales of cotton, according to Plains Cotton Growers, making the county the No. 3 cotton producer in the U.S. Gaines County and Lynn County – both within two hours of Lubbock — were ranked first and second, respectively, according to Plains Cotton Growers.

Lubbock County was formally No. 1 in the nation.

There are three programs in which Texas Tech conducts its cotton research: the Fiber and Biopolymer Research Institute, the Quaker Research Farm and Project Revolution.

FBRI “We have a facility that’s part of our department called the FBRI: Fiber and Biopolymer Research Institute,” David Weindorf, associate dean of research for CASNR, said. “It is one of the only facilities of its kind in the United States.

And what they do is fiber quality testing.”

Cotton is tested for fiber strength, dyeability, durability, drought resistance and disease resistance, he said.

Eric Hequet, horn professor and chair at the department of Plant & Soil Science, said cotton breeders are trying to get longer and finer cotton fibers.

FBRI research helps make that possible by modifying cotton to handle harsher environments while increasing the quality of cotton fibers.

One type of modified cotton is Roundup-ready cotton, Weindorf said.

“The cotton has a genetic adaptation that allows it

ELISE BRESSLER/The Daily Toreador

Glen Ritchie, an associate professor in the Department of Plant and Soil Science, and Reagan Anders, Quaker Research Farm manager, discuss the difference between the cotton varieties that are being tested in cotton plots on Monday at the Quaker Research Farm. to survive just fine in the midst of that Roundup herbicide, but the Roundup herbicide kills all the other stuff, like (weeds and thistles),” he said.

The FBRI, being one of the few facilities of its kind, receives samples for testing from all over the world, he said.

It is one of the only facilities of its kind in the United States.

And what they do is fiber testing.

David Weindorf Assoc. Dean of research “At our last Steering Committee meeting, we had some unique propos-

als,” Weindorf said. “One of (them) was to use the cellulose that was produced by cotton, dissolve that, and then use it as a feedstock for 3-D printing. They were also talking about using the cotton for the pad on a bandage and (making the cotton more absorbent), improving that for medical uses.”

Around 80 percent of cotton in the United States is exported, Hequet said. The FBRI helps Lubbock ensure the quality of export cotton is good.

“There are a lot of interesting aspects of plant matter that we’re able to work with,” Glen Ritchie, associate professor of crop physiology and faculty coordinator for the Quaker Research Farm, said. “One of the interesting parts of plants that we’ve been try-

CITY

Amazon hosts ribbon cutting

By MICHAEL CANTU news editor

Lubbock City Council members and Amazon administration officially opened the new Amazon pickup location during a ribbon-cutting ceremony at 11 a.m. Wednesday at 2407 Ninth St. The new store uses mostly electronic emailing systems to inform customers when their pickups are ready and what time they will be available, Marina Ruiz, store lead, said.

“If you’re like an Amazon Prime student, you’ll get free one-day shipping,” Ruiz said. “And if you’re not, you’ll get one day knocked off of your shipping, so instead of three to five (days), it’ll be two to four days.”

The program, which launched Wednesday, is something new to university spaces, Tony Caravano, senior manager for university relations at Amazon, said.

The service is targeted to students, faculty and staff of any university.

Currently the only other college that has established a pickup location is the University of Texas at Austin, he said.

“We see this as an augmentation to the way that students shop today and adding another resource

AP

Special education access to be reviewed AUSTIN, Texas (AP) — Texas education officials say they will take a closer look at special education access following a newspaper investigation that revealed teachers saying they denied disabled students in order to meet state benchmarks.

The Houston Chronicle reported this week that schools reduced access to special education after the Texas Education Agency quietly set a benchmark of 8.5 percent for the services in 2004.

ELISE BRESSLER/The Daily Toreador

Tony Caravano, leader of the Amazon Campus Business Development team, cuts the ribbon during the Amazon pickup center grand opening on Wednesday in Lubbock. to the way that students shop,” Caravano said. “So we believe this is a secure and faster way for students to get the things they need for life on campus.”

The focus for this location is mainly on items students customarily purchase, he said, which is mostly books and some non-school supplies.

This use of new technology is beneficial to a college town like Lubbock, City Council Member Steve Massengale said.

“We welcome a partner like Amazon. It’s exciting to have a cutting edge-company like Amazon and have a presence in Lubbock,” Massengale said. “It was exciting to learn this is one

of 13 in the country.”

It was through research that Amazon found Lubbock to be a perfect site for this location, Massengale said.

The company also factors in convenience for students, Caravano said. Including the current 13 locations that also launched today, there will be three other locations opening up around the country.

So far the feedback on social media for this venture has been good, and the company has seen a high user rate, he said. According to Amazon’s research, students, faculty, staff and locals use this type of ordering system for ordering several everyday needs. @MichaelCantuDT

ing to utilize over the last 30 to 40 years has been the cellulose in the plants. It’s being tested for biofuels, it’s being tested for projects where they’re trying to use it for 3-D printing, where it serves as a base.”

Cellulose has some interesting applications, said Dean Ethridge, research professor for the department of Plant & Soil Science and managing director of the FBRI. It can be found in American currency, cosmetics and paint. Cellulose is also in food products. It is used as a gelling substance for ice cream and the skin-like substances around sausages.

When combined with certain chemicals, cellulose becomes a catalyst called nitro-cellulose, which is used in rocket fuel and cre-

ates smokeless powder. Nitro-cellulose made possible firearms that did not need to be cleaned, leading to the rise of rapid-fire firearms.

There are a lot of interesting aspects of plant matter that we’re able to work with.

Glen Ritchie Associate professor “And the nice thing about cellulose is that it’s a basic plant material. It’s not going to be toxic to the environment, and so it’s also going to be biodegradable.

So all of these things are testing functions of the crops,” Ritchie said.

Quaker Farm and Project Revolution The Quaker Research Farm provides research for Tech, the United States Department of Agriculture, private industries and other entities in West Texas, Ritchie said.

“What they do there at the Quaker Farm is what we call small-plot testing. And what they’re doing is they’re growing small blocks of the cotton crop, testing different varieties,” Weindorf said. “So they might be doing drought testing, they might be doing maturity testing, they might be seeing which produces more cotton lint.”

One of the areas the Quaker Farm is researching in is drought resistance, Ritchie said. Applying less water at the beginning of the season trains the crop to handle a water deficit, so when the crop receives more water, the yield is higher.

Project Revolution works on developing cotton research and cotton fiber, particularly by looking at cotton genetics, Monty Christian, vice president of U.S. cotton operations with Bayer CropScience, said. Tech and Bayer Crop Science have mapped two different cotton genomes to find out which DNA sequences increase or decrease cotton quality.

“One of the major collaborative research efforts at Texas Tech related to cotton is called Project Revolution, and this is a joint partnership between Te x a s Te c h a n d B a y e r Crop Science,” Weindorf said. “(Bayer) is a huge multimillion-dollar company worldwide. So, their world headquarters for cotton production is right here in Lubbock.” @DT_Lhard

6

NEWS

SEPT. 15, 2016

WWW.DAILYTOREADOR.COM

COTTON

Lubbock region cotton industry impacts economy

By SARAH KARDA Staff Writer

From the free T-shirts distributed on campus to the money spent on Whataburger, cotton is in thousands of products Americans use every day. Lubbock and the High Plains regions produce around 60 percent of Texas’ total cotton, according to the National Cotton Council.

On average, the state of Texas produces more than 35 percent of the United States’ cotton output, according to the National Cotton Council.

A 2013 study conducted by the Agricultural and Food Policy Center at Texas A&M University found that of the 17 cotton producing states in the U.S., Texas brought $6.8 billion in output, which was the largest economic contribution from cotton farming.

“Texas leads the nation in cotton production,” Koby Reed, a marketing services representative for Olam Cotton, said. “This year, there will be about 26.5 to 27 million bales produced in Texas.

Just on the High Plains, right around the Lubbock area, you’ll have about 4 million.”

Texas is the state that produce the most cotton in the U.S., according to the National Cotton Council, and the High Plains region outputs two-thirds of Texas’ cotton and cottonseed.

In 2015, Lubbock County produced 358,000 bales of cotton, according to the Plains Cotton Growers. Lubbock County is the No. 3 cotton producer in the U.S. and Gaines County was ranked first. Lubbock County was the former No. 1 cotton producer in the nation.

Texas is, on average, the fifth or sixth largest exporting market in the world, Reed said. The West Texas cotton market is a large industry because the weather in this area permits the best quality and growth of the cotton plant.

“With our climate we’ve got hot days and we’ve got cool nights,” Reed said. “That gives the plant a chance to really kind of regenerate, so in West Texas we are able to produce a very strong, very long clean fiber.”

When consumers buy cotton to be spun into fibers, they want it to be of the best quality. Consumers look for such cotton in the U.S., Brazil and Australia, Reed said.

The United States has a uniform standard for grading cotton, Reed said. There are different premiums and classes cotton is grouped into.

Because of this standard, mills can be assured the quality is consistent among the bales they purchase.

“The United States has a uniform standard, so the cot-

ton that’s classed in Lubbock, Texas, is classed under the same conditions that the cotton is classed in Memphis,” said Reed. “You have same humidity, same temperature, so everything’s uniform.”

Texas cotton is distributed worldwide by 216 gins throughout the state, Reed said. There are 4 million acres of cotton production in the Lubbock area. This year.

West Texas will produce over 3.5 million bales of cotton.

The Texas cotton farming industry contributed to more than 22,190 jobs directly, 18,675 jobs indirectly and 8,439 induced jobs for a total of 49,310 jobs, according to the National Cotton Council.

With these many people employed by the cotton industry, the economy of Lubbock is affected whenever the cotton farmer is hurt, Reed said. The farmer is at the mercy of the cotton market. Because he does not decide the price of his product, the price of cotton fluctuates continually.

“The value of cotton is traded on the open market.

It’s traded out of New York,” Reed said. “The cotton farmer is a price-taker and not a price-maker. For a farmer, he has basically no negotiating abilities or rights for that commodity. He’s at the mercy of the market.”

Cotton production and

COURTESY OF MARY JANE BUERKLE

In 2015, Lubbock County produced 358,000 bales of cotton, according to the Plains Cotton Growers, and is the No. 3 cotton producer in the U.S. Koby Reed, a marketing services representative for Olam Cotton, said there are 4 million acres of cotton production in the Lubbock area and this West Texas will produce more than 3.5 million bales of cotton. trade is the cornerstone of the High Plains economy, according to the National Cotton Council. It is vital for the cotton industry to maintain relations with international markets.

The economic health of this region depends on the cotton farmer, Reed said.

When the cotton industry does well, business throughout Lubbock thrive also. Cotton is a driver of the economy in the High Plains region.

“It’s certainly a trickleup effect,” Reed said. “When

the farmer does well, the economy thrives, when the farmer doesn’t do so well, the economy hurts.”

Although West Texas weather is prime for cotton growing, rain and inclement weather can affect the crops, Reed said. If there is not enough rain in the growing months from May through August, the plant may not mature enough to yield a fair crop.

If it rains highly during September through October,

the cotton lint on the plants may disintegrate and lose its bright white hue, he said. The rain in Lubbock the past few weeks has affected the crops.

“Rain in West Texas is always good,” Reed said. “We certainly don’t want to curse rain. It would’ve done a lot more good if we’d had in it July or August. Long term, for next year, the moisture is going to be a big help. We’ll be able to start next year off with a good soil profile.” @SarahKardaDT

CAMPUS

Tech awards scholarships to Estacado Early College students

By NYDIA NATIVIDAD Staff Writer

On Wednesday, the College of Education hosted the Estacado Early College High School & Dual Credit Scholarship ceremony and luncheon. Students in the early college program were present to accept scholarships and begin their college educations at Texas Tech.

Dean of the College of Education Scott Ridley opened with ceremony with a welcome speech. He welcomed the students to their new homes at Tech.

Ridley spoke about the importance of receiving early college education for free.

“Having free early college high school classes does not mean it is free to everyone,” Ridley said.

Ridley thanked Bill Robertson, superintendent for the Lubbock Independent School District, and Tech President Lawrence Schovanec for choosing Estacado to make the early college

program possible. After opening remarks, Ridley introduced Schovanec.

The question we get a s k e d d a i l y, ‘ W h y Estacado?’ Well we believe in you, Texas Tech believes in you, and that is why we chose Estacado.

ANGELICA WILBANKS ESTACADO PRINCIPAL “A university is kind of like a living thing, it’s like a family,” Schovanec said, “and when students come to Texas Tech, they become part of that family.”

Schovanec also spoke about importance of a college education.

“The early college high school experience is really an opportunity no other high school in Lubbock ISD is getting,” Ridley said.

The class of 2020 is eligi-

FOR RELEASE SEPTEMBER 15, 2016

Los Angeles Times Daily Crossword Puzzle Edited by Rich Norris and Joyce Lewis

ACROSS 1 Host of “Late Night Joy” 6 Pennant contest 10 Herbal seed used in smoothies 14 Truly impress 15 Screen image or screen idol 16 Called 17 Eleventh hour 19 Language of Pakistan 20 Beach toy 21 “Otello” composer 22 She played Jackie on “Nurse Jackie” 23 Age of Reason philosopher 25 Short fiction 27 Sloth and envy 29 First name in scat 30 Super __ 33 Words after save or take 36 Afghan capital 39 Lamb nurser 40 Speaker’s stand ... or what each set of circled squares graphically represents 42 Mama bear, in Baja 43 Sauce made with pine nuts 45 Roll dipped in wasabi 46 __ cabbage 47 Drawn tight 49 Big name in golf clubs 51 Bugs’ voice 55 Storied monsters 58 Airline known for tight security 59 About 61 Algerian seaport 63 Humorist Barry 64 Unparalleled 66 Plugging away 67 Heated contest, in more ways than one 68 Aquafina rival 69 Some skinny jeans 70 Torah cabinets 71 Like a neglected garden

ble to receive 60 hours of college credit upon high school graduation, Ridley said.

“We are investing in you because we know that this will make a difference,” he said. “But the bottom line is we believe in you.”

A n g e l i c a Wi l b a n k s , principal of Estacado High School, said she was thankful to Tech, Lubbock ISD, school office administration, parents and students.

“The question we get asked daily, ‘Why Estacado?’ Well we believe in you, Texas Tech believes in you, and that is why we chose Estacado,” Wilbanks said.

NYDIA NATIVIDAD/The Daily Toreador

We hope to definitely set a wave. We hope to set a trend. We hope that Estacado High School is the vanguard for Early College High School.

MICHELE COOK VICE DEAN Students of the 2017, 2018 and 2020 classes were presented certificates for their scholarships by Curriculum Coordinator Michele Cook, Vice Dean of

Texas Tech President Lawrence Schovanec speaks to Lubbock Estacado Early College students during a luncheon on Wednesday in the education building. Students received their scholarships during the program and started their collegiate carreet at Tech. the College of Education university across the nation. dation, he said.

Robin Locke and Associate Seventy students applied Students accepted to the Principal of Estacado Ezra for the early college pro- Early College High School Chambers. Following the gram and 58 were accepted, are not required to provide presentation, students and Cook said. The application SAT or ACT scores. The stuguests were given pizza process for the students is dents are however, required and cake. three-fold. The students to provide TSI scores for The students of Estacado begin with filling out an placement, Cook said. are one of the only few high application, along with par“We hope to definitely schools in the nation to be ents also giving a statement set a wave. We hope to set participating in an early col- on why their child is fit for a trend. We hope that Eslege program with a large early college. tacado High School is the university, Cook said. All the The students and parents vanguard for Early College credits students receive are then are interviewed and High School,” he said. @nydianatividad completely transferable to any provide letters of recommen-

AP

Corn farmers in Texas welcome cool weather 9/15/16

By C.C. Burnikel

DOWN 1 Refuse to, with “at” 2 Outlook messages 3 Lacks choices 4 Quetzalcoatl worshipers 5 High-__ image 6 Jasmine __ 7 Part of an autumn stash 8 Many a beach rental 9 Bitter green in mixed greens 10 Fur-loving de Vil 11 Work that may be imposed with a prison sentence 12 29-state country 13 Feverish bouts 18 “Still ... ” 24 Honda Fit competitor 26 Warning sign in the Rockies 28 High waters 30 Abundance in the cheerleading squad 31 Reverence

Wednesday’s Puzzle Solved

©2016 Tribune Content Agency, LLC

32 Observation with a sigh 34 Kwik-E-Mart clerk 35 Kitchen amt.

37 Take for a sucker 38 Little fellow 41 Many an Indian fan 44 Computers that travel well 48 Puget Sound city 50 It’s on the record

9/15/16

51 Wartime award 52 Fill with joy 53 Forty-__ 54 Links hazard 56 Banks with a statue at Wrigley Field 57 Course with leaves 60 Jazz lovers 62 Part of a Wall St. address 65 Meadow drops

AMARILLO, Texas (AP) — Recent cooler temperatures and gray skies in Amarillo are predicted to remain through the rest of the week, and most likely into the weekend, with a light breeze and at least a 40 to 60 percent chance of rain each day.

The Amarillo GlobeNews reports that weather forecast may not be the most desirable for many people in the city, but it’s just fine for the region’s corn farmers, who are facing the fall harvest.

The increased chance of rain, combined with the disappearance of summer’s heat, is just what many corn growers have been hoping for.

“The hot and dry weather we had earlier in June, July and part of August kind of hurt our crop,” Dumas corn farmer Darren Stallwitz said. “That stressed them pretty good.

But the cool weather and the little bit of rain we’ve had has helped tremendously.”

LA VIDA

@DailyToreador www.dailytoreador.com

COTTON

Page 7 Thursday, Sept. 15, 2016

Generational cotton growers continue farming

By SARAH KARDA Staff Writer

Lubbock grows 59.23 percent of Texas’ total output of cotton, which means the local cotton industry employs a large amount of Texas Tech’s population.

Michael Looney, a junior animal science major from New Deal, is a fourth generation cotton farmer in Lubbock. He said he has been farming for a long time, and there is nothing better than his country home.

“I’m pretty sure I came out of the womb on a tractor,” Looney said. “My dad farmed and my mom worked here at Tech, so he was the babysitter, and I’d be on the tractor with him every day.

I’d get out and check all the farms with him every day and every night.”

Cotton farming is in his blood, Looney said. Since he was able to walk, he has been out on the fam-

ily farm located between New Deal and Abernathy.

Looney wants to continue farming once he graduates because no one else wants to take on the family farm.

I’m pretty sure I came out of the womb on a tractor...

I’d be on the tractor with (dad) every day.

MICHAEL LOONEY COTTON FARMER The lifestyle is great, Looney said. Away from Lubbock, the country is peaceful and quiet, something that he loves about his home. He misses not only the country environment, but also his family.

All of Looney’s family lives close by, he said. He was always close to his

family members because they would come together to share meals. He remembers his grandma’s countrycooking, which he can never replicate here at Tech.

Aside from the tranquility, Looney misses the ease of the country. Lubbock is overwhelming, he said. From the traffic to the buzz of people everywhere on campus, Tech is not the quietest of places.

Looney remembers growing up on his farm with his father showing hi m t he r opes . C ot t on has always been a big part of life in the country, Looney said. His favorite memories are of him and his friends playing in the cotton field.

“My favorite memory, and I still do it to this day, is whenever it’s in the module builder and they’re packing it and it gets to the top, me and my friends would do front flips off the

module builder onto the module,” he said.

But cotton growing can be stressful, Looney said.

The market price for cotton fluctuates frequently, leaving farmers at the mercy of the market. The weather is also a main factor of stress for farmers because inclement weather like hail can ruin a crop.

“It’s a busy time, it’s lots of fun,” Logan Everett, a freshman agricultural and applied economics major from Floydada, said. “Lots of stress, makes it more fun. Just everything you put into it all year paying off. As a kid you’d get to drive a tractor as fast as you can across a field trying to keep up with the cotton strippers, that’s why I liked it when I was little. But once I got older, I figured out it’s all your inputs paying off.”

Everett is also a fourth generation cotton farmer.

He started driving tractors when he was six years old and still remembers the fun he had.

“When I was seven or eight, we were stripping cotton about 2 o’clock in the morning,” Everett said. “It was real busy and I was going as fast I could in the tractor, and I ran up and hit my dad as fast as the tractor will go. He was in a stripper and broke a bunch of stuff. It was funny because I was really little and they turned me loose on a tractor.”

Everett owns a custom harvest company. Starting out in the eighth grade with a set of calves, Everett said he raised and sold the cattle to make money for farming equipment.

Harvest is his favorite part about cotton farming, Everett said. It is very busy, but that is what makes it fun. While some would shy away from a

high stress job such as this, Everett thrives under the constant deadlines.

When I was seven or eight, we were stripping cotton about 2 o’ clock in the morning.

LOGAN EVERETT COTTON FARMER “Harvest and planting are mainly the two most fun,” he said. “They’re the most busy times. There’s no down time at all, as busy as you can be trying to get everything in by deadlines. You’re rushing all year long mainly, but them two are the most important times to be on your feet and rolling when you can.” @SarahKardaDT

COTTON

Cotton cultivation shapes Lubbock, state history

By SOPHIA AYMOND Staff Writer

Since the mid-1800s, Texas has been a major player in the cotton industry. According to Texas State Historical Association, the most notable change in cotton production was in the 20th century when there was a shift from east and central Texas to the High Plains.

“Texas is the first cotton producer in the nat i o n . We a r e p r o b a b l y around 40 percent of the cotton that is produced in the U.S.,” Eric Hequet, horn professor and chair at the department of Plant

Texas is the first cotton producer in the nation.

ERIC HEQUET PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT CHAIR & Soil Science, said.

Before 1997, the U.S. textile industry was vibrant, using 12 million bales of cotton every year, Hequet said. The Texas industry sold to the locals who had a specific quality demand for the cotton.

This demand came from a trend that start-

ed in Europe, when the younger generations wanted 1960s-style jeans.

H o w e v e r, t h e t e c h n o l ogy used in Europe to manufacture these jeans were not used in the U.S. because it was very expensive in terms of labor, Hequet said.

“There was a shift in consumption in 1997. We went down to 3.6 million in 2003,” Hequet said.

The Texas cotton industry shifted, and it went from being a national market to an international market, he said.

Because of the new machines and technology, there was a need for more

land to make profit, Dan Taylor, president of the Bear Museum of Agriculture in Lubbock, said.

Therefore, the farms became larger, and the number of farmers decreased.

The number of farmers decrease each decade because of land availability, Taylor said.

Even though cotton needs water, it does not need a lot, Hequet said.

“I’ve always wondered why people stopped here because there is no water,” Hequet said. “Cotton is pretty drought resistant, but it needs water like everything else.”

Hequet said his best

guess is people stopped here on the way to California to regroup.

Because of Lubbock’s high elevation, it is easier to grow cotton. Because of Lubbock’s high elevation, it has fewer insects and diseases, Hequet said.

Originally, cotton was grown in places like east Texas, Taylor said. However, it moved west because the western land had high elevation as well as colder weather.

The other parts of Texas were less productive with their soil, so the farmers from all over the state migrated to West Texas, he said.

Wi t h n e w m a c h i n e s and technology, it became easier to cultivate cotton, Taylor said. The use of tractors made cotton production more efficient.

Taylor grew up farming cotton in central Texas before he moved to West Texas. He said he did not think he would attend Tech or stay here to farm.

“I didn’t think I wanted to enter into it professionally,” Taylor said. “I graduated from Tech and farmed 10 acre to several thousand, but without these mechanisms I wouldn’t have been able to.” @DailyToreador

ASSOCIATED PRESS

Mel Brooks, Morgan Freeman to get National Medals WASHINGTON (AP) — President Obama will honor actors Mel Brooks and Morgan Freeman with the 2015 National Medal of Arts, the White House said Wednesday.

The artists and other leading creative figures have been invited to receive the medal at a White House ceremony on Sept.

22. First lady Michelle Obama also planned to

attend.

The White House said Brooks was being honored for "a lifetime of making the world laugh." The actor, director, writer and musician is one of the few artists to have won an Oscar, an Emmy, a Tony and a Grammy.

Freeman will be honored for his work as an actor, director and narrator.

"His iconic stage and

screen performances have brought to life characters from the whole spectrum of the human experience, moving audiences around the world, and influencing countless young artists," the White House said in a statement.

Other winners this year include composer Philip Glass, actress and singer Audra McDonald, author Sandra Cisneros

and painter Jack Whitten. Musician Santiago J i m e n e z J r. a n d p l a y wright Moises Kaufman are also on the list.

The White House also announced that celebrity chef Jose Andres is among the 2015 recipients of the National Humanities Medal. So are jazz legend Wynton Marsalis, public radio h o s t Te r r y G r o s s a n d

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author James McBride.

Others receiving the National Medal of Arts: — Record producer and songwriter Berry Gordy — Dancer and choreographer Ralph Lemon — The Eugene O'Neill Theater Center — Playwright and actor Luis Valdez Others receiving the National Humanities Medal:

— Author Rudolfo Anaya — Author Louis Menand — Author Ron Chernow — Prison University Project, Higher Education Program — Physician and author Abraham Verghese — Historian and author Elaine Pagels — Journalist and author Isabel Wilkerson — Poet Louise Gluck

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dawn.zuerker@ttu.edu Phone: 806.742.3384 Fax: 806.742.2434

HELP WANTED

HELP WANTED

HELP WANTED

UNFURNISHED

FOR SALE

SERVICES

AIRCRAFT REFUELER‑ Chaparral Jet Cen‑ ter has Part‑time positions available. Eve‑ nings and Weekends. Must be able to work home football games. Apply in per­son 2201 E Jamestown St Lubbock,TX

GYMNASTICS TEACHER for small gym­ nastics program. Call 795‑0481 for infor­ mation.

SHIPPING & INVENTORY CLERK

2 BED 1 Bath, covered carport and de­ tached garage. W/D hookups. Central heat and air. Alarm system, lawn care pro­vided. $800/monthly plus utilities. 2401 26th street.

806‑789‑3173.

BRAND NEW dark red leather sofa. Makes into a recliner. 5 year warranty for defects.

Half price $795. 520‑260‑4435 (no texts).

HUB CITY AVIATION ACADEMY.

BEST COLLEGE JOB EVER...

Eskimo Hut Frozen Daiquiris To Go is open and hiring! Beer Wine and drinks to go. Ap‑ ply today and say hooray!! at 305 Frankford Ave. and 54th & Slide (by the mall).

CONCESSIONS STAFF Part‑time & Flexible $9 per hour We are looking for reliable, hardworking, and focused individuals.

Call 806‑445‑0426 for more information.

Apply online: visionemploymentgroup.com

FLEXIBLE HOURS

Cleaning, stocking, sales. Established Spe‑ cialty Store. Store Hours 9am to 9pm Daily.

Sun. 12‑9pm. Apply in person only Otto’s Granary 4119 Marsha Sharp Freeway between El Chico and LaQuinta

GET UP WITH THE CHICKENS

Imagine being done with your work day before your classes even begin. We have an opening in circulation to deliver The DT to our campus loca­tions. 15‑20 hours per week. Must have good driving record and insur­ance. Visit our website at www.daily­toreador.com and click on work for us.

LOOKING FOR A FUN JOB?

YWCA after school teachers. 3p.m‑6 p.m M‑F. Apply at 35th & Flint, or call Carolyn at 806‑792‑2723, ext. 3217.

MR. AQUARIUM accepting applications. All positions. 2523 34th.

NOW HIRING WAIT STAFF &

night & weekend cashiers and night buss‑ ers. Well established restaurant Now hiring servers, night & day cashiers, night buser, dish washers. Flexible hours • No experience required Apply in person only El Chico Restaurant 4301 Marsha Sharp Freeway Next to Otto’s Granary PART TIME rubber stamp assembly. Mon‑ Fri,1pm ‑ 5pm. Work well with hands, apply 2112 19th.

PART‑TIME student needed to scan and in‑ dex medical records for busy group practice.

Must be dependable and want long term relationship. Fax resume to 806‑788‑8502.

PARTTIME AT Eye doctors office. Be or­ ganized and like people. This is a great job.

3415 19th st.

SHADOW HILLS GOLF COURSE Now Hiring cooks. Apply in person for a fun place to work. 6002 3rd St.

with excellent numbers sense, accuracy, neat appearance, and quiet personality.

Work schedule: approximately 20 hours per week. Must be able to carry 75 lbs. unaided up and down stairs. Apply in per­son. 10:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. PADDLE TRAMPS, 1317 University Avenue. No Phone Calls Please.

THE LIBRARY BAR

is Now hiring door guys. Please apply Mon‑ day from 1‑6. At 1701 Texas Ave.

FURNISHED $365. ACROSS from Tech. Private fur­nished bedroom for female. In quiet fe­male rooming house. Free utilities. Free internet. Free ca‑ ble. Free HBO. Wash­er/dryer. Private park‑ ing. $365 deposit. No pets. 806‑765‑7182. $525 1 Bedroom, Fully Furnished House, All Bills Paid, close to Tech. 214‑620‑1096

UNFURNISHED $650 WATER paid. Restored historic 1 bedroom duplex. Hardwood. Wash­er/dryer furnished. Lawn kept. No pets. 1502 Ave. R. $300 deposit. 806‑765‑7182

2/2 TRIPLEX All Bills Paid! 2315 25th, $950/ mo, $900/dep. Pet friendly http://lub­ bock. craigslist.org/apa/5757656410.html 2603 31ST 2/1 in Tech Terrace, Hard­woods, Detached garage, All Appliances & Washer/ Dryer, Updated, Monitored Alarm, Large Yard, Patio, Pets Neg., $895/mo, $450 dep, Call 543‑9358 BRAND NEW five 1 bedroom single story flats. Hardwood floors, 12ft ceilings, W/D connections, private patios.

Pearl apartments.

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FOR LEASE BY OWNER 3/2/2

Near Quaker and 65th. Inside loop. $900.

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Hardwood floors. Ceiling fans. Appliances including washer/dryer. 3/2. 2104 29th St. $1125/mo. Pets ok. 806‑470‑7088.

NICE FARM house for lease. 2 bedroom, 2 bath, 2 living areas. Nice appliances. 45 min‑ utes north east of Tech. $585. Come by 4211 34th for photos and info. 806‑795‑2011.

COME LOOK and see what’s new at Glory B’s. 2415 34th. Monday through Saturday 10‑5:30.

MISCELLANEOUS YOUR GIFT MEANS THE WORLD

Consider donating your eggs to help other women. Your time is worth $3500.

The Centre for Reproductive Medicine.

806‑788‑1212

SERVICES 10% OFF TO ALL TECH STUDENTS!

Eyebrow Threading, Facials, Pedicure, Man‑ icure, Nails & Haircut. OM Threading, Nails & Spa. www.threadingandnails.com 4616 34th St. (806)771‑0160.

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Rent online 24/7. 24/7 Rental station. Clean.

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New Location RIVER SMITHS Free Food Included :) Cell 781‑2931. More Informa­tion www.LubbockClass.com

Private Pilot Ground School course fee $360.00. Sunday 1PM to 4PM for 16 weeks.

Textbook $86.95 + tax.

806‑687‑1070

Page 8 Thursday, Sept. 15, 2016

DT STAFF PICK ‘EM WEEK 3

SPORTS

@TheDT_sports www.dailytoreador.com

Amy Cunningham 5-5

McKenzi Morris 5-5

Michael Cantu 3-7

David Gay 5-5

Brandon Soliz 5-5

Avery Aiken 4-6

Duncan Stanley 1-9

Anthony Estolano 4-6

Shashidhar Sastry 3-7

Jack Densmore 4-6

Ariana Hernandez 5-5

Louisiana Tech @ Texas Tech

TTU 63-55

TTU 55-38

La. Tech 36-17

TTU 69-35

TTU 69-24

TTU 69-24

TTU 65-42

TTU 41-14

TTU 63-45

TTU 45-42

TTU 42-38

Alabama @ Ole Miss

Alabama

Alabama

Ole Miss

Ole Miss

Alabama

Ole Miss

Alabama

Ole Miss

Alabama

Alabama

Alabama

Ohio State @ Oklahoma

Ohio State

Ohio State

Oklahoma

Ohio State

Ohio State

Oklahoma

Oklahoma

Ohio State

Ohio State

Ohio State

Ohio State

Notre Dame

Notre Dame

Notre Dame

Michigan State

Michigan State

Notre Dame

Michigan State

Michigan State

Michigan State

Michigan State

Michigan State

Florida State

Florida State

Louisville

Florida State

Florida State

Florida State

Florida State

Florida State

Louisville

Louisville

Florida State

Michigan St. @ Notre Dame Florida State @ Louisville

Visit www.dailytoreador.com to watch our Campus Pick ‘Em video Tweet @DailyToreador with your game day predictions using #DTPickEm FOOTBALL

Celebrate Cotton game recognizes region

By BRANDON SOLIZ Sports Editor

At 6 p.m. Saturday, the Texas Tech Red Raiders will white out Jones AT&T Stadium to honor the cotton industry in the annual Celebrate Cotton game.

This season, Tech will host the Louisiana Tech Bulldogs, who are coming off of a 53-24 win over South Carolina State University.

This will be the fifth consecutive year the Red Raiders have hosted the game to recognize the cotton industry in the area.

“We recognize the importance of cotton in this area with the connections that our university has not only with the farmers in this are, but also the industry in this area,” Robert Giovannetti, Tech senior associate athletics director for external operations and strategic communications, said. “So, we feel like it’s a great way to further that

relationship between Texas Tech and the cotton industry.”

Plains Cotton Growers, Inc. is Tech Athletics’ partner that brings the cotton aspect to the event.

Mary Buerkle, director of communications and public affairs for Plains Cotton Growers, Inc., said the game is important in showing the relationship between Tech and the High Plains cotton industry.

“It’s an incredibly unique opportunity to showcase the tremendous relationship between Texas Tech and the Texas High Plains cotton industry,” Buerkle said.

Buerkle said cotton is significant in the area because it is a high economical driver for the Lubbock community.

Last year, the Plains Cotton Growers placed bales of cotton around Jones AT&T Stadium, and it will bring back the same concept for this year’s game.

“We work with Tech Ath-

letics in getting them bales to surround the stadium, in getting them facts and information that can be seen on banners around the stadium,” Buerkle said. “This year we will have 56 bales that will be placed around the stadium, and I think we’ll also have some put in the club levels.”

Giovannetti said Tech Athletics realizes there is a world outside of sports.

He said Tech Athletics likes to tie in a cause or an important subject outside of sports with football because they draw big crowds and give a spotlight to the topic.

Giovannetti said the game day operations leading up to kickoff is not any different besides the equipment and materials the Plains Cotton Growers brings to the game.

Other sponsors will be also at the game showcasing their products and companies.

Buerkle said there will be booths setup around gate one

FILE PHOTO/The Daily Toreador

Texas Tech kicker Clayton Hatfield gazes upon the crowd of fans before kickoff at the Celebrate Cotton game against UTEP on Sept. 12, 2015, at Jones AT&T Stadium. This will be the fifth time Tech hosts the annual game to honor the cotton industry, and players and fans alike traditionally wear white. at the Jones AT&T Stadium.

There will be games setup at the location, and fans can also receive free 100 percent cotton T-shirts while supplies last.

“I always find it fascinating, not only just the cotton that’s outside of the stadium, but the machinery and technology that is involved with cotton (has shown) how far the industry

has come,” Giovannetti said. “I think it’s pretty cool for people that don’t see it on a day-to-day basis to see what farmers use and how it’s utilized.” @BSoliz_DT

FOOTBALL

Team to wear white uniforms Saturday after new agreement T h e Te x a s Te c h R e d Raiders will host the fifth annual Celebrate Cotton game at 6 p.m. Saturday in a matchup against the Louisiana Tech Bulldogs.

Traditionally, fans are encouraged to wear white to the game to show support of the local cotton industry in and around the Lubbock area.

However, while fans are encouraged to wear white to white out the Jones AT&T Stadium, the football team was originally not going to wear a white uniform combination because of terms with Louisiana Tech.

When the game was proposed as the Celebrate Cotton game, Louisiana Tech

did not agree to the uniform request and wanted to stick with the traditional pairing of dark jerseys for the home team and light colored jerseys for the visiting team.

Now, Louisiana Tech has agreed to allow Tech to sport the white uniform combo on game day, Robert Giovannetti, Tech senior associate athletics director, said.

“There was a situation where it looked like (Louisiana Tech) was going to opt to wear white,” Giovannetti said, “but they decided (Tuesday) night that they would go ahead and wear colored jerseys, so we can go ahead and wear white.” @BSoliz_DT

SOCCER

Red Raiders travel to California for two games After getting the first away win of the season, the No. 24 Texas Tech soccer team heads to California to take on Loyola Marymount University on Friday in Los Angeles and San Diego State on Sunday.

The Red Raiders had a strong weekend shutting out Oral Roberts 1-0 on Friday and Appalachian State 2-1 on Sunday. After adding two wins to their record last weekend, the Red Raiders are now 6-1-1 on the season.

The Lions have been undefeated at home so far. However, the Lions away record is not

as strong. When playing on the road, LMU lost two games and had one victory. They were defeated by Oklahoma in Norman 4-1 and by USC 2-0.

San Diego State has had a rough start to its season. Since the season started, the Aztecs have won one game, with an overall season record of 1-4-0.

The Red Raiders are coming off of a three game winning streak and have their sights set for two more wins against Loyola Marymount and San Diego State at 9 p.m. Friday and at 8 p.m. Sunday, respectively. @ABoutwellDT