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THURSDAY, NOV. 15, 2018 VOLUME 93 ■ ISSUE 24

LA VIDA

SPORTS

Class rings symbolize time at Texas Tech for students.

Men’s tennis wraps up fall with ITA appearance.

Column: Term Latinx shouldn’t stir controversy.

OPINIONS

ONLINE Relive Texas Tech men’s basketball’s win over Southeastern Louisiana through our slideshow.

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ONLINE

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FOOTBALL

CAMPUS

Red Raiders look to find success during roadtrip

Texas Tech students expand initiative on campus

By AKHILA REDDY

A

L a Vida Editor

t Texas Tech and colleges throughout the nation, on average 11.2 percent of all students experience rape or sexual assault, according to the It’s On Us website. To combat this issue, students across Tech’s campus are joining the nationwide “It’s On Us” initiative to stand against sexual assault.

The initiative was launched nationwide in 2014 based on recommendations from the White House Task Force to Prevent Sexual Assault, according to the It’s On Us website. The organization aims to spark conversation about sexual assault and currently works with over 500 campuses across the country.

As of Nov. 1, Tech has its own registered student organization chapter of the “It’s On Us” initiative, Courtney Jones, a senior chemistry major from Burkburnett, said.

Jones said she first heard about the initiative on Twitter and seeing that Tech did not have a chapter, she applied earlier in the year to the national organization to become a campus organizer, or essentially president of the student organization.

“I decided to apply because I’ve been a (community adviser) for, it’s about to be three years now, and sexual assault is something that for me, not only has this happened to me, but in my CA experience, I’ve really seen this is prevalent,” Jones said.

In situations where students have to deal with sexual assault, it can be scary, traumatic and difficult to know what to do or where to find resources, she said.

Through the student organization, she hopes to find ways to reach out to students at Tech and educate them on the meaning of consent, Title IX, resources available to them and more.

This is just students coming together to fight against something that’s horrible. We want to help engage the community and our students in a way that hasn’t been done before.

COURTNEY JONES SENIOR “I hope the long term impact (of the club) is for people to become aware,” Jones said. “There’s so much to do in this field, like education wise, because living in Texas we don’t have sex ed, and a lot of the times, people don’t talk about what is consent, they don’t even know what that is, and so when it comes to Title IX and sexual assault, people don’t even know what sexual assault is exactly.”

The organization, which currently has 20 members, plans to hit the ground running in the spring semester with many events, she said. In January, organization members plan to have a #MeToo board in the Student Union

Building where students can share their experiences and learn about resources on sexual assault.

The organization members also plan to have monthly tabling events where they hand out business cards with information on reporting assault and approaching survivors. During April, which is Sexual Assault Awareness Month, they are planning an event at First Friday art festival, partnerships with Risk Intervention & Safety Education (RISE) and much more, she said.

“One of our main goals through these events is to really educate people so people know if sexual assault happens, they know ‘I can go to RISE, I can go to the counseling center. I know at least one resource. I know what consent is. I know what Title IX is,’” she said.

In addition to the student organization launched by Jones, the Student Government Association has also been pursuing the “It’s On Us” Initiative, Jude Al-Hmoud, a senior honors arts and letters major from Lubbock, said. Al-Hmoud is the Student Government Association External Vice President.

Al-Hmoud attended a Big 12 conference in Kansas at the end of September, she said, and came away inspired by Texas Christian University’s campaign to raise awareness about sexual assault.

“I thought that it was something that could be beneficial here at Texas Tech, just to raise awareness for the cause and really let our students know that it is an issue, and so that’s kind of how I got involved and felt passionate about it,” she said.

Full-time jobs, internships or service learning are ways one can gain valuable work experience.

For some people, tackling projects from different employers can offer a wide-range of practice.

Freelancing allows people to offer their services and skills without having to work full-time for an employer.

A freelancer, whether they freelance full-time or on the side, can use their skills to complete a variety of projects for different employers.

With this option to work at one’s own pace and the opportunity to choose work projects, freelancing may become a more appealing option for people, especially students.

Carol Trigg, assistant director at the Texas Tech University Career Center, said younger generations are beginning to freelance while in college.

“There’s such a thing as a gig economy,” she said regarding how people freelance more and how more college students freelance on the side.

Is students take part in freelancing, Trigg said they will have to manage a heavy schedule.

“They would definitely have to be able to juggle,” Trigg said.

Regardless of the difficulty of maintaining a freelancing career, college students or graduates could

Sports Editor

obtain different learning experiences.

Whether it be time management or consulting skills, Trigg said freelancers could learn a lot from completing different projects for different employers.

“They are also, whether they know it or not, branding themselves,” she said. “They can pick that up in a freelance-type of situation.”

Marketing oneself to an employer is a part of the freelancing experience Trigg said is important for people to start practicing. Staying true to oneself is another aspect she said freelancers need to consider.

“You still have to know how to sell yourself and skills,” Trigg said. “Don’t go in as something you’re not.”

Regardless if one takes advantage of freelancing opportunities, consulting with multiple employers may be necessary for a certain field.

Whether it is the arts or sciences, freelancing can be utilized in a variety of career fields.

Richard Watson, associate professor of computer science, said even though freelancing is not common in computer science, people in the field still do work that is similar.

“The closest thing to (freelancing) is contracting,” he said. “We do get some who do something like that because they want to travel.”

SEE FREELANCING, PG. 2

SEE FOOTBALL, PG. 6

SEE IT’S ON US, PG. 3

Freelancing work offers opportunities for learning, growth Staff Writer

By NOAH MICIOTTO The Texas Tech football team struggled to protect its home turf at Jones AT&T Stadium in the 2017 season, posting a 2-4 record for games played in Lubbock.

Though improvement from last year is evident, the Red Raiders will once again fall short of a winning record at home, as Tech will conclude the 2018 season with a 3-3 showing at the Jones, according to Tech Athletics.

In 2017, the Red Raiders posted a 3-3 record playing away from the Jones, according to Tech Athletics.

Ten games into the 2018 campaign, Tech currently stands at 2-2 while traveling with a chance to improve its away record in an upcoming pair of regular-season road games.

Last season, Tech posted 1,574 yards of total offense at the Jones in conference games. On the other side of the spectrum, the Red Raider defense allowed 1,694 yards of total offense while at home. On the road, Tech’s offense totaled 2,285 yards while its defense contained the opposition to 1,924 in league contests, according to Tech Athletics.

As made evident, the Red Raiders have performed marginally better than opponents in away contests during Big 12 play. In 2017, Tech had 361 more yards of total offense than its opposition while on the road. Fast-forward to November 2018, and its plain to see Tech’s pattern is par the course for a typical Big 12 team. More often than not, teams in Tech’s conference have a highly proficient offense with a less productive defense.

Though there are a couple of road tests remaining for the Red Raiders this season, Tech has totaled 1,399 yards away from the Jones thus far. The narrative has remained the same for the Red Raider defense on the road, allowing only 1,219 in three trips, according to Tech Athletics.

The Red Raiders are once again poised for a better showing in league games played away from home, should they take two victories in their upcoming contests against Kansas State and Baylor.

CAMPUS

By ADÁN RUBIO

IVAN SANTIAGO BRAVO/The Daily Toreador

Sophomore quarterback Jett Duffey drops back to pass the ball during Texas Tech’s game against the University of Texas Saturday, Nov. 10, 2018, at Jones AT&T Stadium. The Red Raiders will travel to Manhattan, Kansas, this week to face the Kansas State Wildcats.

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Social media used for networking, professional appearance

By ADÁN RUBIO Staff Writer

During a job search, certain preparations are necessary to ensure one presents themselves in the proper manner to potential employers. Through social media, people may also consider their online presentation.

For some people, social media does not seem like a tool to build professional connections with employers, businesses or future co-workers.

Regardless, employers may scroll through social media accounts of job applicants to determine if a potential employee is masking a distasteful personality with a false sense of professionalism. Cleaning up one’s social media accounts can be the first step for people to create a professional online presence that parallels their personality in the workplace.

Jamie Pitman, program director of student development at the Texas Tech Rawls Career Management Center, said people should clean up their personal social media accounts such as Twitter, Facebook or Instagram, and get rid of any controversial, hateful posts or unprofessional pictures.

“Sometimes employers

will go as far as to look on those social media platforms to see if people are representing themselves in an unfavorable light,” she said.

“See what’s there, clean up if anything needs to be cleaned up and just start paying attention to things that you’re liking, sharing and commenting on social media.”

After cleaning up personal accounts, Pitman said she suggests people, especially students, get a LinkedIn account.

“Some students already have one, so they need to just go over and make it more complete,” Pitman said.

“Some students are starting from scratch and have to build a whole new profile.”

When starting a LinkedIn account, Pitman said the application will walk you through the steps of how to build a profile.

In addition to the LinkedIn tips, Pitman said having a good profile photo is important for employers who may search and view one’s profile. To make a profile more susceptible for employer searches, she said using keywords in the headline under the name or in the summary section is helpful.

“A more complete profile is going to make your profile more likely to be viewed,” she said regarding people who list

CAMPUS

Anne Idsal announced as featured speaker for Energy Law Lecture Series Anne Idsal, regional administrator for United States Environmental Protection Agency, will host a lecture at noon on Monday, Nov. 19, at the Lanier Auditorium in the Texas Tech School of Law. The lecture is the last installment in the Energy Law Lecture Series for the fall 2018 semester.

Idsal has experience as a lawyer and in the government. She joined the EPA after working for the Texas government, helping shape environmental and land policy. Her responsibilities include oversight of Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, New

Mexico and Texas as well as 66 tribal nations, according to a Tech news release.

Idsal served as general counsel to the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, where she provided legal counsel to the commissioners and oversaw the offices of the chief clerk, public interest counsel and chief auditor. She also served as a special counsel to the chairman, providing counsel on policy development and implementation.

Those attending the event are eligible for one hour of Continuing Legal Education credit. @MattSetzekornDT

skills and other information on their LinkedIn. “If your profile has five or more skills, you’re 33 times more likely to be contacted by an employer.”

Whether one is networking or developing their professional online image, LinkedIn can allow people to display their skills and achievements. For some people, LinkedIn may be a way to demonstrate the work they have completed throughout their education.

Nicole Noble, associate director of the University Career Center, said people can post their job experience and any completed work or college projects related to their field.

“That would be a great way to get started is to list everything they might have on their résumé,” she said.

Regardless of the social media platform, people have a variety of opportunities to present their skill sets, whether it be listing work experience or displaying quality social skills online.

With the use of social media for career purposes, Noble said there are different factors one must consider.

“They always say what’s online is online forever,” she said. “Double check grammar and spelling. Be inclusive of different points of view.”

The way one treats another person on social media, whether it be through comments or posts regarding a certain individual or group, could be a factor an employer considers when looking for possible applicants.

Lisa Low, a professor of practice in public relations, said people who want to build their professional image online would be acting foolishly to not utilize social media as a networking opportunity.

“If you’re going to behave in a way that’s not professional, then it’s not the right place,” she said.

Working in the public relations field, Low said the positive reputation of a company or organization has a similar importance to an individual’s reputation online.

In addition to promoting a positive reputation online, Low said people should still act like themselves.

“Be yourself. Have a personality,” she said. “Get used to being who you are.

But be appropriate.”

Maintaining one’s reputation online may pose challenges to those who rarely use social media professionally.

Learning about positive social media utilization could be beneficial, as a person’s online professionalism can be discredited through actions one

FREELANCING

and complete projects that can later demonstrate their skills.

Depending on the field of interest, one might have samples of work they have completed throughout the years.

Jerod Foster, associate professor of practice of journalism and creative media industries, said honing one’s portfolio of completed work is important for a freelancer to market themselves to employers.

“It definitely has to be one that showcases your worthiness to work for whoever you want to be working for,” he said regarding a freelancer’s portfolio. “You’re always building that portfolio.”

Whether they are in a creative field or a journalistic field, people may spend years developing their

CONTINUED FROM PG. 1 Through contract work, Watson said workers have certain benefits a full-time job may not have.

“With computer science, you get people working from home,” Watson said.

Despite not having the typical freelancing experience, Watson said people in the computer science field are still taking advantage of being self-employed.

“I do know students who are contracting on their own,” he said.

Whether one is working from home or actively searching for work, freelancing allows people to practice their craft

IKECHUKWU DIKE/The Daily Toreador

Students can use various social media platforms such as Facebook and LinkedIn to network and land a job. It’s important to keep a clean image of one’s self online as to avoid any possibility of employers seeing something that could leave a bad impression. may not realize are negative.

Rauf Arif, assistant professor in journalism and creative media industries, said simply posting an angry comment could look bad for potential employers.

“They actively search us,” he said. “They actively search our likes and dislikes.”

Learning about social media is a task Arif said all students should accomplish while in college.

“Please get some exposure to those classes that are related to social media,” Arif said.

“Learn social media etiquette.”

Conducting oneself professionally on social media consists of different factors,

such as being respectful to others and marketing one’s skills and achievements.

Social media platforms are opportunities Arif said students should utilize to market themselves, whether it be through displaying a portfolio of past projects or uploading current work samples. Along with marketing oneself, he said being knowledgeable of social media etiquette is important for this professional presence.

“If you are ever angry about anything, do not post,” he said. “We have a very strong, powerful tool which can help us or hurt us.”

portfolios for freelancing or full-time positions.

Although, portfolios are just one factor Foster said students need to consider when wanting a freelance position.

“The next thing is finding those entities or people you want to work for,” Foster said.

“The whole idea of freelancing is to not be tied down to one particular organization.”

Being able to jump from project to project is just one aspect of freelancing that can allow people to utilize and gain a variety of skills. To hone these skills, some people may want to start freelancing as soon as possible.

Freelancing in college is the first step Foster said people should take before starting to freelance full-time.

“If they want to start fulltime freelancing, then they need to start freelancing parttime while in college,” he said.

“You don’t just start out at a fulltime freelancing occupation.

You may not necessarily have that amount of work to do.”

Freelancing part-time in college is just one step Foster said people need to complete.

Molding one’s lifestyle for a freelance occupation is a way he said people can prepare for full-time freelance work.

Regardless of the necessary steps to start freelancing, Foster said one’s work ethic and passion are important.

“You simply have to work harder than everybody else,” he said. “Putting in a lot of hard work pays in dividends.”

@AdanRubioDT

@AdanRubioDT

AP

As wildfires grow deadlier, officials search for solutions BILLINGS, Montana (AP) — Creating fire buffers between housing and dry brush, burying spark-prone power lines and lighting more controlled burns to keep vegetation in check could give people a better chance of surviving wildfires, according to experts searching

for ways to reduce growing death tolls from increasingly severe blazes in California and across the U.S. West.

Western wildfires have grown ever more lethal, a grim reality that’s been driven by more housing developments sprawling into the most fire-prone grasslands

Today’s

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and brushy canyons, experts say. Many of the ranchers and farmers who once managed those landscapes are gone, leaving neglected terrain that has grown thick with vegetation that can explode into flames when sparked.

That’s left communities ripe for tragedy as whipping winds and recurring drought that’s characteristic of climate change stoke wildfires like the ones still raging in Northern

and Southern California that have killed at least 51 people in recent days.

Hundreds of thousands of people were told to leave their homes ahead of the blazes to get out of harm’s way. Yet some experts say there’s been an over-reliance on evacuation and too little attention paid to making communities safe, as well as not enough money for controlled burns and other preventive measures.

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LA VIDA

Page 3 Thursday, Nov. 15, 2018

Class rings symbolize time at Tech

By BRIANNA MALDONADO Staff Writer

Each semester, hundreds of graduates walk across the stage to receive their diplomas.

Although the achievement can be framed and placed in their homes or places of work, some students decide to invest in a class ring to symbolize their time and dedication to Texas Tech.

Mandy Wiley, the director of infinity merchandise through the Texas Tech Alumni Association., said the class ring began in the 1950s. According to the Alumni Association website, the class ring was designed by a group of Tech students, alumni and administrators and will remain unchanged in the future.

The ring features the main symbols of the university on it – the Tech Seal, the Masked Rider and the bell tower on top of the Administration Building. Inside the ring reads “strive for honor,” a line from the school “Matador Song.” Students can personalize their own inscription beneath, which Wiley said typically consists of the student’s initials, major and year of graduation.

After reestablishing the ring in 1997, the Alumni Association added the ring ceremony.

“Instead of getting your ring from the UPS driver, you actually get it presented to you at the ring ceremony by the president of the uni-

IT’S ON US

CONTINUED FROM PG. 1 Since then, SGA has hit the ground running, Amber Acklie, a senior construction management major from Flower Mound, said.

Acklie is the SGA Internal Vice President and worked closely with Al-Hmoud.

They have worked with the RISE office on campus to ensure they have information about sexual assault, resources and have hosted tabling events, giving away buttons and stickers to raise awareness about the “It’s On Us” campaign.

“In the future I would like to see the tabling events grow and have more people that come to our tables and show support, and I think the buttons and stickers we handed out are really beneficial because people can look at them and it can kind of start that conversation,” she said.

This is also the first year students on the Tech campus have had the opportunity to sign the “It’s On Us” pledge during a college pledge week, Al-Hmoud said. Campuses across the country had students sign the pledge.

“So we had this huge banner basically just saying that in by

versity,” she said.

“I think it’s a lot more meaningful to get it at the ceremony because it’s kind of like graduation.”

Tech President Lawrence Schovanec presents students with their class rings with the Double T symbol facing toward the student, then at graduation, he will ask the students to turn the ring and make the Double T face outward.

“As you go out into the world with your class ring on, you keep that connection with the university,” Wiley said. “You’re able to be recognized by other people as not only a graduate, but a graduate of Texas Tech.”

A student can decide on 10-, 14- or 18-carat gold, she said. A ladies 10-carat ring prices at $645, while a man’s 10-carat ring starts at $1,015. Students can start making advanced payments for the ring every semester, she said, so it is not a financial burden. Students becomes eligible to purchase one after 75 earned undergraduate hours.

Raffy Varona, a senior mathematics major from Houston, was presented his ring at the ceremony on Monday, Nov. 12. Two contributing factors that delayed him receiving his ring, Varona said, were focusing on school and the financial dedication.

Varona said he knew if he wanted a class ring, he had to pay for it. When his sister received her class ring, Varona said his parents were

willing to contribute a little, so when he decided to invest in one, they did the same. He said he will have to pay his parents back once he gets a job after graduation and becomes financially stable.

“It’s just a reminder of my time at Tech,” he said.

“A reminder of all the trials and tribulations I went through as a student here.

Reminder that you’re gonna fail at life, but at the same time, you can also be successful. Reminder that if you work hard, you can do great things.”

At the ring ceremony, he said he realized December graduation is soon approaching, meaning reality and the world of being an adult.

“They mentioned at the ceremony that once you turn your ring over during graduation, that’s it – you’re a (graduate),” he said. “The end is near. It was nice celebrating an achievement and an accomplishment that I made it this far.”

Although some students want to partake in the history of the traditional ring through the university, others decide on a more custom, unique ring.

J. Keith’s Jewelry is a jewelry store that stands as one of the few licensed realtors to manufacture Tech class rings. Being raised in West Texas, the owner J. Keith, opened the store in 1990. According to the company website, it encourages custom designs and allows the customer to be part of every step in the process.

signing the pledge you are recognizing that this is a prevalent issue on college campuses, and really just signing it to recognize that activities of non-consensual sex are sexual assault,” she said.

SGA also has plans to reach out to leaders of other student organizations and begin a dialogue about sexual assault, AlHmoud said.

“I want to make sure that our student leaders first off are the ones to have that kind of training and knowledge on it, and it can kind of trickle down from there,” she said.

The “It’s On Us” initiative launched by SGA supplements existing resources and sexual assault programming on campus by promoting student leadership, Acklie said.

“It is important for us to go and partner with these other organizations who are making the effort stop end sexual assault on college campuses,” Acklie said.

“So I just think it is important that we step out here and help as students and not as administration or faculty.”

The “It’s On Us” student organization is also led by students, Jones said, enabling them to communicate in new ways.

“This is exclusively about

sexual assault and this is also students. This isn’t anything official with title or anything,” Jones said. “This is just students coming together to fight against

MCKENZIE GARZA/The Daily Toreador

On Tuesday evening, Texas Tech students received their class rings at the McKenzie-Merket Alumni Center. Students are eligible for their ring when they have completed 75 undergraduate hours.

Keith said they comply with all criteria to keep their license and are honored to be one of the few manufacturers of Tech class rings. Through design, Keith said it allows for their rings to have many fashion-orientated options and allows for more personalization.

“That ring should last forever as a reminder of your accomplishments while you’re at Texas Tech,” Keith said.

Katie Wegmann graduated in May with a communication studies degree but said she decided she wanted a ring after graduation.

“I decided to get it just as an investment to show something a little bit more

something that’s horrible. We want to help engage the community and our students in a way that hasn’t been done before.” @AkhilaReddyDT

for my education,” she said.

Wegmann got her ring from another licensed ring manufacturer, Varsity Jewelers, which is owned and operated by Tech alumni, according to its website.

With the store being one of the first she looked at, Wegmann said she liked the staff and felt comfortable trusting them on price and business.

“I spent so much money on it, and I got it for a reason. I’m not just going to let it sit in my (drawer),” she said. “You can’t really carry around your diploma, so it’s something to show for all that time and effort you put in, to show off to the world how much you’ve accomplished.” @DailyToreador

OPINIONS

Page 4 Thursday, Nov. 15, 2018

COLUMN

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Term Latinx shouldn’t stir controversy S

panish is an inescapably gendered language. For those of us who have grown up speaking the language, this has never been an issue.

Most of us accept this without a question. That’s just the way the language has always been for centuries, and there’s nothing we can do to change it.

I’ve never felt like the gendered aspect of my mother tongue forced me into a box. Referring to people of Latin American descent as “Latinos” has never made me feel excluded as a woman. So why would anyone want to change this by using the grammatically incorrect identifier “latinx?”

Throughout my higher

Gloria Matheson is a sophomore political science major from Round Rock

education, I’ve come to realize this idea derived from a point of privilege. Seeing as my gender has always been steady and irrelevant to my life most of the time, I had little reason to think anything of the fact Spanish is a gendered language.

For others who don’t identify as either men or women, the overwhelmingly gendered portion of the Spanish language is dreaded. A solution to this is changing the gendered suffixed “-o” and “-a” to an “-x,” thus resulting in the term “Latinx.”

This term has only recently surfaced, but many Latinos have praised its inclusivity

as it acknowledges those outside the gender binary, and furthermore, does not give “preference” to one gender identifier over the other.

Others have found this term to be offensive and detrimental to the Spanish language, claiming its use would overcomplicate the language by attempting to force a change to a language that is spoken in many countries by millions of people.

Another major argument against the usage of the word is it would threaten the very culture and way of life, as many Latinos are Catholic and are adamantly against its use because they don’t agree with others identifying outside of the gender binary.

Overall, this argument is

the weakest among those in opposition to the term. The strongest argument is the fact that adding gender-neutral language severely over complicates the language if it were to be implemented into everyday use. Not only is the pronunciation difficult for Spanish-speakers, but there is little to no way to fundamentally change a centuries-old language.

F o r t u n a t e l y, m o s t people who use the term latinx, including myself, aren’t proposing the widespread use of the word or any other gender neutral language as a replacement of traditional Spanish. Instead, it’s used as a small but significant way to recognize Latinos who are typically marginalized

by the Spanish language.

It’s difficult for me to oppose the use of a word that would extend inclusion to the marginalized, as I am a firm believer in recognizing people’s intersectional identities. Identifiers are increasingly becoming a large part of a person’s life, especially for Americans, as we seek to cling to some small part of our ancestry as well as our new identities in the United States.

Therefore, I think the use of the word Latinx is a brilliant use of the Americanized Spanish language and gives us something we can use to include Latinos who are not on the gender binary.

While I don’t expect gender neutral language to replace or even find a

larger role in the Spanish language, I think this term is not quite as controversial as people make it out to be. It’s simply a word that promotes inclusivity to those who are aware of it and know Latino people in their community who would benefit from gender neutral language.

In reality, I don’t even think this term will become as widespread as the traditional “Latino” or “Hispanic” or “Latin,” but I do think the use of this word is good for those who need it and I refuse to place myself in opposition to the recognition of the positive intersectional identities of others. @DailyToreador

COLUMN

Stan Lee, Spider-Man revolutionized comics

T

he comic book industry lost one of its greatest pioneers and creators this week, and the world is all the poorer for it.

Though Stan Lee leaves in his place an unfillable hole, his more than half a century long career has left an enduring impact on not only comics, but the whole world.

Among his list of accomplishments, Lee could rightly claim to have revolutionized the way comics and superheroes were made. His creative contributions to Marvel Comics in the 1960s dethroned rival DC Comics as the sole ruler in industry sales, and his

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Coleman Taylor is a freshman journalism major from Wylie

continued work as editor ensured it stayed that way.

Even after his retirement from the business side of things, he remained a prominent public figure, representing the entire community as a figurehead.

Oh, and he helped create one of the greatest fictional characters to ever grace paper pages.

Need a hint? He’s the one that can cling to walls and shoot webs from his wrists — you know him, the one that does whatever a spider can.

Spider-Man, besides being Lee’s best creation, is one of the most recognizable characters of any media worldwide. His popularity is rivaled by only two or three other comic characters, none of whom receive nearly the amount of love the wall-crawler gets (those rivals are Batman, Superman and occasionally Wolverine, for the record).

Aside from popularity though, Spider-Man is just plain well written. His universality, flaws and ultimate idealism have helped him become one of the best written characters across any narrative medium.

The first level of distinction he has from most other initial incarnations of popular super heroes are his flaws, or even just the existence of them. These best emerge in his origin story, or the arc that established how Peter Parker became Spider-Man. To quickly summarize it, after he was bitten by a radioactive spider, Parker developed many now famous powers, like the ability to stick to walls and his “spidersense.” It wasn’t until a crim-

inal, whom he let escape, murdered his uncle that Parker decided to don the mantle of hero. From this story comes the now iconic line about the symbiosis of power and responsibility.

This story differs greatly from many other hero origins, in that fault for the inciting incident lies with the hero in this case. Superman was put into the position to become a hero because his planet exploded, and he was the last survivor.

Bruce Wayne became Batman because his parents were killed in cold blood in front of his eyes. Neither of these incidents were within either character ’s ability to stop, and they became heroes because of that.

They seek power because they were once powerless. Parker seeks justice because he knows he was not powerless.

Characters with flaws will always be more relatable, and this helps contribute to the universality inherent to his story.

Spider-Man is, at his core, just a kid trying to cope with his newfound abilities.

The archetype of a young boy or girl stumbling into enormous power and subsequently having to learn to use it benevolently did not originate with Spider-Man though.

In fact, Captain Marvel (now going by Shazam) beat him to the concept by 20 years. What made S p i d e r- M a n s t a n d o u t from these characters is a humanism others failed to capture.

While early incarnations of characters like Clark Kent and Billy Batson, Shazam’s alter ego, merely functioned as civilian disguises for their heroic flipsides, Peter Parker was the true character, and Spider-Man was just the

mask he put on.

Something indicative of this dichotomy is the civilian alter ego’s removability from most early comics; you can take Clark Kent or Billy Batson out of the story and you’re still left with mostly the same narrative. Take Peter Parker out, and you miss key character development that motivates the decisions he makes as Spider-Man. Another early character who does accomplish this same civilian importance is Bruce Wayne in the Batman narrative, at least when his origin is expanded on years after his initial creation. Without the murder of his parents, Bruce Wayne would never become Batman. Human reactions motivate heroic deeds in the best stories.

Again though, Peter Parker trumps Bruce Wayne in the relatability category. Whereas the former funds his crusade against crime with his vast wealth and experience of training, Parker struggles to find a steady career, deals with an overbearing boss and learns how to be a hero on the job. Most comic readers are more like Peter Parker than they are Clark Kent, Billy Batson or Bruce Wayne.

The web-slinger doesn’t just beat out his comic contemporaries in this regard though, because he outclasses any classic literary figure on base relatability as well. In fairness, most literary icons weren’t written with this concept in mind; Shakespeare didn’t write Hamlet because he thought his audiences would be able to connect with a bloodthirsty, indecisive Danish prince.

Compare these two characters side by side

though, and they have similarities from the reader’s standpoint. Just like most readers of Hamlet will never be royalty, most readers of Spider-Man will never have superpowers.

Peel back those two impossible layers then, and what do the contemporary readers now see? The audience for Hamlet, even if he wasn’t royalty, would still likely never have to contemplate murdering their uncles in revenge for the murder of their fathers.

Most readers of SpiderMan though, barring the super powers, could relate to Peter Parker’s everyday human struggles.

Literature lacks value in a vacuum; it is only when a reader is able to perceive and take away some personal appreciation for the work that it then possesses some value. If a work has no way for the reader to access its themes and messages, or has too many barriers standing in the way, then it likely will never achieve wide appreciation or acclaim.

Hamlet still has value and appeal because people can identify with his emotions, if nothing else.

Some people will never appreciate it though simply because they may not find him accessible.

Peter Parker, on the other hand, is nearly universally acceptable. Had family troubles? Peter Parker has too. Job troubles? He’s been there, done that. Difficulty fitting in socially?

Spider-Man got beat up for being a nerd.

The victory of the character comes not just in his flaws and relatability though, but rather in what the authors chose to do with those qualities. Stan Lee and every Spider-Man

writer since has pursued the depiction of a sort of idealized human with their stories.

Other authors have long done this as well, notably in the comic world too.

The German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche wrote at length on the idea of the Übermensch, which translates to beyond-man or overman. Nietzsche describing the Übermensch as the ultimate person who transcends the bounds of normal humanity and serves as an ideal for humanity to strive towards.

Another translation is superman.

Yet again, Spider-Man sets himself apart from this characterization of the ideal human. Peter Parker is never painted as perfect, that much is well established. The authors make no pretense of his shortcomings, rather they use them to make his ultimate triumph all the more tangible and relatable.

When Spider-Man beats Doctor Octopus or the Green Goblin, the reader isn’t meant to relate to this, but to the ways he constantly strives to overcomes his flaws. The reader can’t save the world, but they can save themselves, as many times as they need to.

Peter Parker is a rejection of the Übermensch, declaring constantly through his actions that one need not be flawless, only willing to be better than they are.

Peter Parker is a flawed character, at his core no different from anyone who could pick up his comic book off the shelf. He’s just trying his best. Just like most of us.

Thank you, Stan.

Excelsior. @DailyToreador

COLUMN

Game theory presents potential implications

T

oday I’m going to talk about something I haven’t talked about in the pages of this paper before, and probably should have mentioned given its importance to predicting behavior. The thing I am referring to is game theory.

Game theory is defined as the branch of mathematics concerned with the analysis of strategies for dealing with competitive situations where the outcome of a participant’s choice of action depends critically on the actions of other participants.”Let me explain why it’s important.

When some people hear game theory they falsely as-

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Drew Welty is a senior psychology major from Dallas.

sume it’s about something trivial or unrelated to important issues, but in reality game theory can help us predict how people will or should behave in given situations through the analysis of strategies. The most famous game theoretical example is the prisoner’s dilemma. Without getting into the math of this or drawing out payoff matrices, I will attempt to explain the prisoner’s dilemma. You and a friend have

signature, phone number, student ID number and a description of university affiliation. Students should include year in school, major and hometown. We reserve the right to edit letters. Anonymous letters will not be accepted for publication. All letters will be verified before they are published. Letters can be emailed to dailytoreador@ ttu.edu or brought to 180 Media and Communication. Letters should be sent in before 3 p.m. to ensure the editors have enough time to verify and edit the submission.

been caught committing a crime and you are both put into separate rooms at the police station and questioned separately. You are each told that if you confess and your partner does not you will get no jail time but your friend will get a large sentence. If you both confess you both split the jail time. However, if you both stay silent you both get away without jail time.

It seems obvious here that the two should both cooperate and get off free, but that isn’t usually what happens. This is because the penalty for being the “sucker” and trusting your friend while they confess and you don’t is so large.

Again, without getting into the math of it, the most consistent strategy is to always confess, because it minimizes the amount you can be punished.

This is an interesting example, but one I find even more interesting is another game where cooperation is supposed to be the obvious strategy, and it often is at first, but in this game you play over and over. This means that those that cooperate start to see others “free ride” and they begin to stop cooperating as well.

Cooperation deteriorates until halfway through the game when participants are told that they can spend

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some of the money they are playing the game with to punish those that try and free ride. Immediately cooperation begins to surge.

I am talking about game theory here just as an introduction, so that you can look into it further and hopefully recognize the implications of game theory. It has serious implications on the way we view evolution, human behavior, religion, society and many more things. I hope this was interesting to you, and I hope it leads you down a path of trying to understand the role of cooperation in society. @DailyToreador

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SPORTS

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MEN’S TENNIS

Page 5 Thursday, Nov. 15, 2018

Tech wraps up fall with ITA appearance

By DANIELLE DIXSON Staff Writer

The Texas Tech men’s tennis team concluded its 2018 fall season with a handful of notable accolades throughout its fall slate.

What is arguably the most impressive achievement for one Red Raider resulted from an off-court event, as junior Bjorn Thomson was promoted to chairman of the Big 12 Student-Athlete Advisory committee.

The Big 12 SAAC is an organization that allows student athletes from various Big 12 schools to come together and voice their opinions, according to the Tech Athletics website. They go through local and national athletics legislation and create a social change.

To be nominated and to receive this position, the member has to have at least one year of experience. But in Thomson’s case, he was voted in unanimously without any previous experience. He joins fellow Red Raiders Travis Bruffey and Zuri Sanders.

Thomson not only earned this spot by excelling off the court, but on the court as

well. He and doubles partner junior Parker Wynn competed for the national championship at the ITA National Fall Championships in Arizona while the rest of the Red Raiders were in Austin.

T h o m s o n a n d Wy n n fought their way to the final bracket at the championships but fell to their opponents, securing the second place title to conclude the fall season.

In the first tournament of the season, Thomson and Wynn finished in the runnerup spot after an intense event. Fellow Red Raiders followed in Thomson and Parker’s footsteps the following weekend at the John Breaux Cajun Classic and the Battle of the Bay. Senior Artem Kapshuk and sophomore Ilgiz Valiev captured the doubles championship title at the John Breaux Cajun Tennis Classic in their second tournament of the season.

“Anytime you leave a tournament with a title, it feels great,” Tech assistant coach Daniel Whitehead said after the Cajun Tennis Classic.

The Red Raiders picked up multiple wins in the singles and doubles brackets at

FILE PHOTO/The Daily Toreador

Freshman Ilgiz Valiev returns the ball during Texas Tech’s match against the University of Texas on Thursday, April 19, 2018, at the McLeod Tennis Center. During the fall 2018 season, Valiev and senior Artem Kapshuk won the doubles championship title at the John Breaux Cajun Tennis Classic. the Tamale Rice Invitational and the ITA All-American Championships before heading to the ITA Texas Regionals. Thomson and Parker were at it again in Waco for the ITA Texas Regionals. The doubles team advanced to the final round of doubles play before falling to their Uni-

versity of Texas opponents.

At the ITA Texas Regionals, Thomson and Wynn hit a milestone by picking up a team-leading eight wins in their fall semester. The Red Raiders picked up a combined total of another 14 wins at the Southern California Intercollegiate Championships.

After a short break, the Red Raiders continued action at the ITA National Fall Championships and Longhorn Invitational.

In the first round at the Longhorn Invitational, all six Red Raiders representing Tech defeated their opponents, making for a clean sweep. The

Red Raiders came back the next day to capture another clean sweep in the singles quarterfinals round before falling to their opponents.

The Red Raiders will return to action Friday, Jan. 11 in Tulsa, Oklahoma, to start their spring 2019 campaign. @DaniDixsonDT

WOMEN’S TENNIS

Lady Raiders complete successful fall 2018 slate

By DANIELLE DIXSON Staff Writer

The 2018 fall season was a memorable one for the Texas Tech women’s tennis team, as the Lady Raiders snagged Tech’s first doubles title since 2011, added a new coach and also had a semi-final run in the ITA Texas Regionals.

At the season opening Racquet Club Invitational in September, Tech’s doubles duo of Sydney Jones and Olivia Peet established themselves as champions in their collegiate debut.

Jones and Peet battled their way through four rounds to earn a spot in the finals match against two student-athletes from Abilene Christian, according to Tech Athletics. The pair of newcomers swept the tournament with their victory over ACU, 8-6.

The Lady Raiders collected eight wins en route to taking the programs first doubles title since 2011. Tech carried their momentum over to the next tournament of the season, the TCU Big 5 challenge, hosted in Fort Worth. Tech posted 14 singles and five doubles victories, adding 19 to its previous eight wins, according to Tech Athletics.

During the tournament, newcomer Kennedy Bridgforth found her first win representing the scarlet and black against a veteran athlete from Auburn University

to advance further into the bracket, according to Tech Athletics. Four of Tech’s seven competitors advanced all the way to the fourth round of the tournament.

The Lady Raiders continued their fall season at the Riviera/ITA All-American Championships where senior Felicity Maltby advanced to the qualifying round of singles play before falling to her opponent and being knocked out of the tournament.

Maltby and freshman Nell Miller then competed in doubles play in which the duo dropped their first match before defeating two opponents,

8-2. Tech set the tone in day one of the tournament as the Lady Raiders walked away with six wins, according to Tech Athletics.

Tech wrapped up its fall slate with five wins in the last event of the 2018 fall campaign, the Arizona State tournament and UNLV Invitational, finishing out with over 30 wins over the threemonth span.

After a respectable fall showing, the Lady Raiders will return to action Friday, Jan. 11, in Lawrence, Kansas, to kick start their 2019 spring season. @DaniDixsonDT

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Felicity Maltby gets ready to return her Saint Mary’s College opponent’s serve on Friday, Jan. 26, 2018, at the McLeod Tennis Center during ITA Kickoff Weekend. During the fall 2018 season, Maltby advanced to the qualifying round of singles play in the Riviera/ITA All-American Championships and competed in doubles play at the tournament with partner Nell Miller.

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DEPENDABLE PERSON with good tele­ phone skills for telemarketing. Calls made from our office Monday‑Thursday, 6‑8 PM. $10/hr plus bonus. Email resume with cur‑ rent contact info to reggie.ghatch­ett1@farm‑ ersagency.com

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SPORTS

NOV. 15, 2018

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WOMEN’S BASKETBALL

Erin DeGrate steps into leadership role

By BRENNA HALE Staff Writer

As the Lady Raiders sit 2-0 on the season, junior post Erin DeGrate looks to make a unique impression as she leads the team as an upperclassman for the first time.

DeGrate made her debut as a Lady Raider last season after transferring from Louisville. She said Tech afforded her the option to be closer to her family and a better opportunity to play inside post.

“I’m a back to the basket post,” DeGrate said. “It was the best decision on my part, and I wanted to be a part of a program that’s on the rise.”

Motivation from veteran team members like senior Zuri Sanders was something new to DeGrate when she joined the team. Since then, she said she has developed her own leadership style.

“Zuri is a great leader. I love how she talks and how she communicates with the team, good or bad, she’s not a negative person at all,” DeGrate said. “For me, it’s a little bit difficult because my years in college, I didn’t have anybody show me how to be a leader. To fol-

low behind somebody else wouldn’t be original. I feel like my way is original.”

The positive environment is DeGrate’s favorite aspect of the team, she said. To her, the team’s communication on and off the court has cultivated a sense of camaraderie she hopes will contribute to the team’s success.

“Here, I like more of the family environment and how the coaches coach me and aren’t so negative,” DeGrate said. “Most of us stay in the same apartment, so we’re either at somebody’s house or going out to eat together, just different stuff like that.”

DeGrate owes her interest in basketball to her grandfather, she said, as he introduced her to the game at a young age. She now attributes her progress to her own drive and hard work.

“He introduced me to basketball and I fell in love with it,” DeGrate said. “I knew I wanted to go to the next level, get a college education, and so I just stuck with it and kept working hard.”

The team’s focus since coming under the leadership of head coach Marlene Stollings is on hard work

and developing the team’s quickness on the court, DeGrate said. To DeGrate, this change in purpose is evident in practice.

“Every day in practice, Coach Marlene preaches ‘work ethic, work ethic,’ so this year we’re going to work hard, and our work ethic is going to be top notch,” DeGrate said. “She stresses a lot to us, running the floor and making wide open layups. When we win those little drills, we take those as victories.”

In the 2017-2018 season, DeGrate was third among Big 12 Conference athletes with a 54.1 shooting average, according to Tech Athletics. She said she looks to build on this success with the help of her teammates this season.

“If I’m guarding the post, I think Brittany (Brewer) makes me better because she runs up and down, and I have to try to keep up with her,” DeGrate said. “I’m excited because I want to have a good season, kind of like a breakout season, and I feel like that’s what’s coming ahead for me. @BrennaHaleDT

FOOTBALL

CONTINUED FROM PG. 1

CIARA PEROZZI/The Daily Toreador

Sophomore quarterback Jett Duffey prepares to pass against the University of Texas at 6:30 p.m. Saturday, Nov. 10, at Jones AT&T Stadium. In Duffey’s second start on the 2018 season, the Red Raiders fell to the Longhorns, 41-34.

It is plain to see Tech’s performance on the road is marginally better on both sides of the ball, but the question of why has been raised by many, and the answer is clear, statistically speaking.

The Red Raiders have proven themselves as attackers – not defenders, according to Tech Athletics. Tech coach Kliff Kingsbury shared his thoughts on the team’s success away from home.

“I think it’s a close-knit group, so when they’re on the road, it’s an us against everybody mentality. (The Red Raiders) thrive off that and play

CIARA PEROZZI/The Daily Toreador

Sophomore center Erin DeGrate focuses before her free-throw during the women’s basketball game against Texas in the United Supermarkets Arena, Saturday, Jan. 20, 2018. Tech lost 90-39. Just two games into her junior season, DeGrate is averaging 14.0 points per game. really well,” Kingsbury said of his team’s road victories. “(They) come out with great intensity in all the opposing stadiums we’ve been in, and hopefully that continues.”

If the Red Raiders continue to out-perform opponents while behind enemy lines, the squad could potentially conclude 2018’s slate with a 5-4 conference record. Furthermore, the two late season victories will give Tech enough victories for a bowl game berth.

If Tech wins out its remaining regular scheduled contests, the Red Raiders will finish at 7-5 on the year, according to Tech Athletics.

Kingsbury is not the only Red Raider looking forward

to playing on the road. Junior receiver Antoine Wesley, a semifinalist in the running for a Biletnikoff Award, provided his take in regard to playing in away games.

“I love going into somebody’s house and beating them there,” Wesley said on whether he likes going on the road. “I like going to other people’s houses and telling them, ‘Hey, we can do this on the road, too.’”

While away this season in league games, Tech has totaled 954 passing yards and 405 rushing yards. It is important to consider the Red Raiders played one of the road games without breakout true freshman quarterback Alan Bowman, who averages 329.8 yards per game,

according to Tech Athletics.

Looking ahead, the Red Raiders will wrap up their Big 12 slate with the first contest set to take place in Manhattan, Kansas, against the Kansas State Wildcats Saturday, Nov. 17, before heading to the metroplex to take on the Baylor Bears at AT&T Stadium Saturday, Nov. 24, according to Tech Athletics.

Claiming only a 180-yard lead over their opponents, the Red Raiders must hone in on both their run threat and passing attack while simultaneously shutting things down defensively. With key players on both sides of the ball out due to injury, Tech will look to its depth chart to take the reins and ultimately propel the team to success. @NoahMiciottoDT

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