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EDITOR
LORRAINE FLANIGAN
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DESIGN
JUNE ANDERSON
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TRELLIS COMMITTEE
LORRAINE HUNTER (CHAIR)
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A Good Read Silence of the Songbirds
Goings On
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CAROL GARDNER
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LORRAINE FLANIGAN (EDITOR)
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MARION MAGEE RATTLE
JENNY RHODENIZER
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VOLUNTEER
EDITORIAL ASSISTANT M. MAGEE
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VOLUNTEER GRAPHIC ARTIST FAELO HERNANDEZ
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VOLUNTEER PROOFREADERS
A. BAJAJ, E. BRAIS, M. BRUCE, J. CAMPBELL, L. HICKEY, J. MCCLUSKEY AND L. & 5. SKINNER
ADVERTISING
416-397-1371
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Trellis is published as a members newsletter by the Toronto Botanical Garden Edwards Gardens 777 Lawrence Avenue East, Toronto Cntario, M3C 1P2, 416-397-1340
Trellis welcomes queries for story ideas, which should be submitted to the for consideration by the Trellis Committee at least four months in advance of publication dates.
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Opinions expressed in Trellis do not necessarily reflect those of the TRG. Submissions may be edited for style and clarity.
All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited without written permission.
Charitable business number N9227486RRO0O1
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Canada Publications
Mail Product Sales Agreement #40013928
ISSN 0380-1470
COVER PHOTO: VAHAGM STEPANIAN
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Office: 416-443-0300201-8 Sampson Mews, Toronto « eva@evahaase.com
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On the Go Shops at Don Mills Who's Talking Restoration of a Garden Treasure
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Yours, Mine & Ours Volunteers
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From the TBG Business On TBG Kids Fall and Winter Activities What s That Plant?
Bird-Friendly Gardens
How we can help our feathered friends
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Get the Dirt on Dirt
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There's more to soil than meets the garden spade
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Container Crazy Pumpkin Power In Our Gardens
Learning the Lingo Top 10 Fall Plants
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Trade Secret Holiday Gift Tags and Place Markers
Anna s Plant Pick Species tulips In Your Garden Jobs To Do
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Just Ask Advice from the Master Gardeners
Sandra s Snippets
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Events Calendar What's On at the Toronto Botanical Garden
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Silence of the Songbirds by Bridget Stutchbury HarperCollins, 272 pages, 2OO8, paperback
Silence of the Songbirds by Bridget Stutchbury HarperCollins, 272 pages, 2008, paperback
The author, an internationa birding expert aff iliated with several organizations dedicated to preservi ng bird habitats, points out how we are losing the world's songbirds and suggests what we can do to save them. lf you care about birds, you owe it to yourself - and to the birdsto read this lucid and persuasively written book. - Madge Bruce, Weston Fa m ly L ibra ry Vo I u nteer
The author, an international birding expert affiliated with several . organizations dedicated to preserving bird habitats, points out how we are losing the world s songbirds and suggests what we can do to save them. If you care about birds, you owe it to yourself and to the birds to read this lucid and persuasively written book. Madge Bruce, Weston Family Library Volunteer
LECTURER: GRAHAM RANKIN
TOPIC:
THE RESTORATION OF A GARDEN TREASURE
WHEN: TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 29, 7:30 P.M.
Sprout Club
* Sprout Club
The TBG Sprouts Club has exciting programming for children ages up to 3 years. For an hour on Monday mornings at 10 a.m., activities include songs, circle time and sensory activities in the James Boyd Children's Centre. Sessions begin September 8 and October19. Public $55/Members $45
* Floral Design
The TBG Sprouts CIub has exciting programming for children ages up to 3 years. For an hour on Monday mornings at lO a.m., activities include songs, circle time and sensory activities in the James Boyd Children's Centre. Sessions begin September B and October 19. Public $55,/Members $45 . Floral Design
Dr. Bridget Stuchbury lectures on The Silence of the Songbirds at the TBG on Wednesday, November 11 at 7:30 p.m.
Dr. Bridget Stuchbury lectures on The Silence of the Songbirds at the TBG on Wednesday, November 11 at 7:3O p.m.
Yours,
Garden history isn't merely an intellectual pursuit just ask Graham Rankin, the director of the Aberglasney Restoration Trust and its chief horticulturist. Aberglasney is an ancient sarden in Carmarthenshire, Wales. The history of the house and gardens is rife with bloody battles, itinerant poets and ghostly portents. Shortly after being commandeered for troop occupation during World War 11, the estate was abandoned and was long thought to be irretrievable. Purchased by the Aberglasney Restoration Trust in 19953, it is now considered one of the best garden restorations in the United Kingdom and attracts over 50,000 visitors annually. Don't miss this lecture with one of Britain's top horticulturalists and garden restoration specialists. Public $20, students $15, members free. Limited seating. Door sales only.
(lalden l-ristolv isn't merel\ an intelle ctual pulsuit .lLrst asli Grahanr ]lanlin. thc clircctor of thc '\bcrglasncv Rcstolatior.r Trr-rst ancl its chief horticultulist. ,\bcrglasnev is an .rr-rcicrnt galcler-r in Calmarthenshilc, \\1alcs. l'hc historv of tl'rc housc ancl garclcrrs is rife u'itl-r blooclv battles. itinerant pocts ancl ghostlr portcnts. Shurtlr' altcr bcir-rg comt'nancleer-ecl fur troolr occLlpation ciulir-rg \\trrlcl \\rar ll, the cstrrtc uas abancknecl ancl uns long tl'rougbt to be iri'eti'ievable. Pr-r'chasecl bv thc Abelglasner flcstoraLion Tlust in I99), it is nort' consiclclccl one of thc bcst garcler-r rcstorrltions in thc United Kingclom ancl attracts ovcr 50,000 r'isitols anr-ruallr, l)or-r't nriss tliis lcctr-rlc n itl-r one of Britair-r's top holticultulalists ancl garclen resrolarion spccialisrs. Public $20, students $15, members free. Limited seating. Door sales onll'.
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VOLUNTEERS
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TBG volunteers are becoming international. There has always been a plethora of languages and cultures represented amongst our volunteers, but this summer we've extended our reach by partnering with Red Leaf Student Programs, an international organization that brings students from various countries to live with local families, study language and participate in volunteer programs. Two Red Leaf volunteers have been working in our gardens this year: Noemi Miano from Italy and Sabrina Bottin from France. It's been great having extra help. Paul Zammit, Sandra Pella and our volunteers, not surprisingly, immediately took the newcomers under their wings.
Carol Gardner, Volunteer Co-coordinator
'l'BG r.olunteers itrc bccoming intet'trttionirl. 'll'rcre has alnals been a plethora of language's and culturcs representecl amongst ollr voluntecrs, but tl'ris summer \\'e vc c\lcndecl oul rcilch ltv partr-rering uith Rccl Lcaf Stuclent Prograt-ns, an international organiztrtior-r thal brings students fronr vartous countries to lilc u'ith local lan-rilies. stuclv langr-rage ancl participate in volunteer piogiarns. 'liro Recl Leaf io[untccrs have been norking in our garclens tl-ris r.ear: Nocrli Nliano l}om ltalv ancl Sabrina Bottin frorn Francc. lt's bc-c'n great har-ing e\tra hclp. Panl Zanrrnit. Sanclra Pclla and oul r.olunteers, not sut'prisinglr'. irnrnecliatelr' took thc nc\\corrers under their n'ings. C urr i O u rd n e r. \?i u r t t c e r C r t-crnrtli ntttor
This new series of integrated courses leading to a Certificate of Achievement in Floral Design is geared to those pursuing a career in floristry or whose careers could be enhanced by floral design skills, such as interior designers or real estate agents, or simply for personal enjoyment. Registration begins in January 2OlO. Visit torontobotanical garden.ca or call 416-397 -1362 for deta s.
This new series of integrated courses leading to a Certificate of Achievement in Floral Design is geared to those pursuing a career in floristry or whose careers could be enhanced by floral design skills, such as interior designers or real estate agents, or simply for personal enjoyment. Registration begins in January 2010. Visit torontobotanical garden.ca or call 416-397-1362 for details.
SHOPS AT DON MILLS
SHOPS AT DON MILLS
SATURDAY & SUNDAY
OCTOBER 3 & 4
SATURDAY & SUNDAY, OCTOBER 3 & 4
From noon to 4 p.m. Paul Zammit will enliven the Town Square with Festive Urn Demonstrations showcasing the bounties of the harvest season.
From noon to 4 p.m. Paul Zammit will enliven the Town Square with Festive Urn Demonstrations showcasing the bounties of the harvest season.
FROM THE TBG
roltrerc en rln3ex: l-IOt^l-l-tln
JUDY WILLMOTT Executive Director
47d Fall and Winter fr S Activities
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Business Goes On
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ust as our gardens cycle through the seasons, so too does the business behind the scenes at the TBG. An important part of our work involves exploring opportunities for strategic relationships. For example, earlier this vear a partnership between the TBG's volunteers and the Ontario Horticultural Association produced a successful Get the Jump on Spring. We also initiated conversations with the Roval Botanical Gardens about the current state of our libraries, and we've agreed to pursue a vision for the botanic resource centres of the future that would be networked with like organizations and academic institutions. And we've made new friends in our neighbourhood by working with the community-minded Shops at Don Mills to promote our Through the Garden Gate weekend. In March, our involvement with the Gardens and Tourism Conference led us to host a preliminary meeting for a nascent Ontario Garden Coalition at which we agreed to seek funding to build a strategic action plan tor garden tourism in Ontario.
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But what about day-to-day business? A number of well-planned initiatives have produced an increase in the TBG's projected revenues. However, these have been more than offset by unexpected expenses and revenue declines in areas such as facilities rentals.
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Such is the cconomy, though, and because were Wi orking with a bare-bones staff, it's a struggle. Thankfully our tireless volunteers hay 2 stepped up their support at reception and in the library, the shop, the gardens and beyond.
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Storytime features weekly stories and simple activities for children aged O to 3 years in the Weston Family Library. Mondays, 11 a.m. Admission is free, no registration required. Storytime will begin Monday, September 15.
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Join us on September 19 from noon to 4 p.m. for our Harvest Day event. We'll pick vegetables for the North York Harvest Food Bank, meet the earthworms and make some fall crafts. Free, no registration required.
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Let out your inner ghoul during our annual Halloween Howl on October 24 from 1to 3 p.m. Come in your best costume and learn about creepy crawlies, play games and plant a spider plant to take home! Registration and adult accompaniment required. Then on December 13 from 1to 3 p.m. come join our Winter Solstice Celebration to explore what animals do during the winter, make decorations for our outdoor trees and listen to a wonderful winter story. Registration and adult accompaniment required.
torontobotanicalgarden.ca FOR MORE INFORMATION CALL 416-397-1355
Flocktail Party
live entertainment, a feathery silent auction
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We are extremely grateful for a bequest that will help us stay the course and perhaps even invest in some operations that will yield Fi pavback, such is refurbishing the Garden Hall so it s leak-proof, more attractive and reliably rentable in the wedding season as well as tweaking some areas in our gardens, including tours and signage, Lo create a more enrichingexperience for our visitors.
WHATS THAT PLANT?
PLANTS AT THIS YEAR S THROUGH THE GARDEN
Albert Schultz. Bid on a house for your favourite feathered friend! Pecking and watering stations
Thursday, October 1, 6:30 p.m. Help celebrate the winners of the first TBG For the Birds birdhouse design competition. The Flocktail Party features and a live auction with special guest auctioneer are also available to satisfy your appetite and thirst.
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purchase online at torontobotanicalgarden.ca/birds
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Tickets, $150, for this fundraising event are limited; or call 416-397-1484.
Bird-Friendl Gardens
Bird-Friendly Gardens
Carol Gardner explains what'We cangglo to help
eing a citv bird is not an casv gig. Urban birds conter-rcl s'ith morc stressors thar-r tlreir lr-rlll cou nl crp,lll s: conl am irr,rrrts. peoplc, lack of food supplics, artificial light, traffic noise ancl threats frorn pleclators such as r:lccoons. Unlike humans. bircls clon't choose to colrle to the citr': ther,'re hcrc because thcir natural habitats ale being clcstrol'ed.
In the citl', bird-fi'iend1,v galder-rs can provicle a muchneeded oaslsl-ror-rsing, contaminant-free veget.rLion and cor-rnected gr:eer-r space. Bircls arc attractcd to garclens n'ith a rnulti-layerecl ciinop)/ that includes tlees, sl-rrubs, r,incs (for goocl r-resting and hiding places) and flon'ering plants. A sourcc of u'ater is another esscntialu,hether it's a n'aterfall, a pond ol a bild bathancl the u,ater should be ft'esh to aroid provicling a habitat fbr mosquitoes. Otl-rer thar-r that, bir:cls u'ant prettv much n'hat n'e n'ant ln a nestir-rg place: sheltcr foocl and safetli
eing a city bird is not an easy gig. Urban birds contend with more stressors than their rural counterparts: contaminants, people, lack of food supplies, artificial light, traffic noise and threats from predators such as raccoons. Unlike humans, birds don't choose to come to the city: they're here because their natural habitats are being destroyed. In the city, bird-friendly gardens can provide a muchneeded oasis housing, contaminant-free vegetation and connected green space. Birds are attracted to gardens with a multi-lavered canopy that includes trees, shrubs, vines (for good nesting and hiding places) and flowering plants. A source of water is another essential Sadat whether it's dW aterfall, dd pond ard bird bath and the walter should be fresh 10 avoid providing od habitat for mosquitoes. Other than that, birds want pretty much what we want in a nesting place: shelter, food and safety.
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Bl Shrubs and Trees for Birds
Welcome birds to your garden by growing plants that bloom and provide fruit, seed or nuts at different times of the year.
+ When possible, use native plants and their cultivars, including blackeyed Susan (Rudbeckia spp.), goldenrod (Solidago spp.), evening (Oenothera biennis), New England aster (Symphyotrichum novae-angliae syn. Asternovaeangliae), switch grass (Panicum spp.), sunflowers (Helianthus spp.) and wild strawberry (Fragaria virginiana).
Welcome birds to your garden by growing plants that bloom and provide fruit, seed or nuts at different times of the year. When possible, use native plants and their cultivars, including blackeyed Susan (Rudbeckia spp.), goldenrod (Solidago spp.), evening primrose (Oenothera biennrs), New Eng land asler (Sym phyotrich u m novae-angliae syn. Aster novaeangliae), switch grass (Panicum spp.), sunflowers (Helianthus spp.) and wild strawberry (Fraga ria virg in ia na).
Fruit-bearing plants are critical in winter for robins, for
* Fruit-bearing plants are critical in winter for robins, for
Perhaps the biggcst n-ristake n,e malie is to bu1, a "one size lits all" birdl.rouse only to fincl that, as attractive as it loolis in thc gardcn, the bircls are not intercstecl. Bcfore 1,ou bu1' or build a birdhouse (or a {'ccder), rcsearch the nccds ol thc species vou \\,ant to attract. Cl.rickaclees, fol cramplc, arc the Greta Garbos of the bird n,or'ld: they \\.ant to bc alone. Not lor thcrn thc bird concios of the sociablc purplc martins.
Perhaps the biggest mistake we make is to buy a one size fits all birdhouse only to find that, as attractive as it looks in the garden, the birds are not interested. Before you buy or build a birdhouse (or a feeder), research the needs of the species vou want to attract. Chickadees, for example, are the Greta Garbos of the bird world: they want to be alone. Not for them the bird condos of the sociable purple martins.
More complicated than vou thought? Just remember that birds aren't the kinds of house guests who stay too long and do too little. In return for a safe haven, they pollinate our plants, spread seed, cat insects (including mosquitoes!) and gladden our hearts with their grace and songs.
NIore cornplicated thar-r vou thought? Jlrst rcmember that birds alcn't thc kincls of l-rouse guests n'ho stay too Jor-rg and do too little. Jn return for a safe hiivcn, tl-rev pollinatc our plants, spreacl seed, eat insects (inclucling mosquitoesl) ancl glaclclen our hearts n'ith their grace ar-rd songs.
Carol Curclncr is tut u'tt,urtl-'tvinning gcLrdett 'n,riter tuul ntettber of the'l'ellis C onun ittee.
Carol Gardner is an award-winning garden writer and member ofthe Trellis Committee.
example, which eat only fruit when insects and worms are unavailable. Crabapples (Malus spp.), dogwood (Cornus spp.), serviceberries (Amela nc h ier spp.), chokecherry (Prun us vi rg i n iana), hawthorn (Crataeg us spp.), elder (Sambucus spp.), flowering raspberry (Rubus spp.), sumac (Rhus spp.) and viburnum (Viburnum spp.) will provide berries all winter.
example, which eat only fruit when insects and worms are unavailable. Crabapples (Malus spp.), dogwood (Cornus spp.), serviceberries (Amelanchier spp.), chokecherry (Prunus virginiana), hawthorn (Crataegus spp.), elder (Sambucus spp.), flowering raspberry (Rubus spp.), sumac (Rhus spp.) and viburnum (Viburnum spp.) will provide berries all winter.
Conifers such as pine (Pinus spp.) and spruce (Picea spp.) provide sap, seed, nesting sites and protective cover.
« Conifers such as pine (Pinus spp.) and spruce (Picea spp.) provide sap, seed, nesting sites and protective cover.
Wild grape vines (Vifus riparia) attract cedar waxwings and robins in late fall. Vines such as bittersweet (Celastrus scandens) and Virginia creeper (Pa rthenoc i ssus q u inq uefo I ia) off er food for birds.
« Wild grape vines (Vitus riparia) attract cedar waxwings and robins in late fall. Vines such as bittersweet scandens) and Virginia creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia) offer food for birds.
. Other good seed- and nutbearing shrubs and trees include paper birch (Betula papyrifera), Eastern white cedar (Thuja occ identa I is), hazel nut (Coryl u s americana), red maple (Acer rubrum), oak (Quercus spp.) and sugar maple (Acer saccharum).
-Lorrarne Hunter
+ Other good seed- and nutbearing shrubs and trees include paper birch (Betula papyrifera), Eastern white cedar (Thuja occidentalis), hazelnut (Corylus americana), red maple rubrum), oak (Quercus spp.) and sugar maple (Acer saccharum). Lorraine Hunter
PHOTOS: CHRISTINA SHARMA
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is a not-for-profit organization run entirely by volunteers. BAC promotes public awareness, appreciation and learning about botanical art through workshops, courses, exhibitons, public lectures and other activities.
Our website and newsletter [et members know of opportunities to exhibit their work or to take courses offered through BAC and/or experienced members.
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t :r !, :f !*q '6urtured lPrruvtoq Jo uorlrperr aqt ur a3u?llarxa lPuosrad rcJ a^tns 2M 'sr?qu?u P&ua fia dxa to fPue fVB qsnorqr ParaJlo saslno3 ?Ipt ot ro )ro^r rr?qt r lqlqx? ol s?rlurnlloddo
We strive for personal excellence in the tradition of botanical painting. www.botanicalartistsofcanada.org
& ii;u- ::pr:ui :jc',r:a l: j
Chelsea Flower Show and the gardens of Kent; Chelsea Flower Show and the gardens of Kent; Sissinghurst: Holland's Keukenhof gardens and Aalsmeer flower auction both are the Iargest in the world; Legoland will be en route to selected Danish castles and gardens. Marjorie Mason of Mason Hogue Gardens invites you to loin her for this 14-day tour, May 2O1O. www.gardenersworldtours.com or call Lorna 905-432-8411 for registration details.
Chelsea Flower Show and the gardens of Kent: Chelsea Flower Show and the gardens of Kent; Sissinghurst: Holland's Keukenhof gardens and Aalsmeer flower auction both are the largest in the world; Legoland will be en route to selected Danish castles and gardens. Marjorie Mason of Mason Hogue Gardens invites you to join her for this 14-day tour, May 2010. www.gardenersworldtours.com or call Lorna 905-432-8411 for registration details.
TBG SEED EXCHANGE
IBG SEED EXffiANGE
Cof lect & Send Seeds by Octobet 29,2OO9
Collect & Send Seeds by October 29, 2009
Labelled envelopes should include:
Labelled envelopes should include:
» Plant name (common and botanical) and cultivar
« Plant type (e.g. annual, perennial, bulb, vine etc.)
. Plant name (common and botanical) and cultivar Plant type (e.9. annual, perennial, bulb, vine etc.)
« Flower colour
* Height (centimeters)
. Flower colour Height (centimeters)
. Comments (bloom time, attracts birds, etc.)
» Comments (bloom time, attracts birds, etc.)
For tips on collecting seed and submission forms, see torontobota n ica lgarden.ca
For tips on collecting seed and submission forms, see torontobotanicalgarden.ca
Mail or deliver seeds to:
Paul Zammit, Director of Horticulture
Toronto Botanical Garden
777 Lawrence Ave. E. Toronto M3C 1P2
Mail or deliver seeds to: Paul Zammit, Director of Horticulture Toronto Botanical Garden 777 Lawrence Ave. E. Toronto M3C 1P2
a Master Gardener!
Basic gardening knorvledge entrance exarn September zt Personal intervielvs Septernber z8-3o Course start January zoro
Basic gardening knowledge entrance exam September 21 Personal interviews September 28-30 Course start January 2010
'fo rcgis$er or f,or inftr: igardin6og @rogers.com
or for info: jgardin6og@rogers.com
the Birds
from evergreens or other shrubs.
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Are you feeling down in the dumps because your fine-feathered friends are migrating to warmer climes and you can't go with them? Cheer up, chickadee. Many birds stay in town, and you can make their winter sojourn a five-star experience. Here's how.
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+ Breakfast is the most important meal of the day, so fill the feeder with high-energy sunflower seeds every morning. You can also hang suet around the yard like tiny complimentary gift baskets.
+ If you do win the lottery and fly off to a tropical island, kindly find someone to fill your feeders while you're away. If you plan never to come back, don't feel guilty because, truly, we supply less than 25 per cent of a bird's diet. If a feeder suddenly disappears, studies show that birds very quickly return to forage at Mother Nature's smorgasbord. The food we provide is a luxury, not a necessity.
BELIZE & GUATEMALA
Mayans, Mountains ¢& Mangroves February 19 March 2,2010
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WILDFLOWERS OF PERSIA
* Every resort has a pool and bar, so provide water, which is harder to find in winter than food, especially if there is no snow and puddles are frozen.
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* Brag a bit about your five-star bird resort. Join Project FeederWatch, (birds.cornell.edu) an organization that partners with backyard birdwatchers to collect data about winter bird populations.
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The Zagros Mountains April 10-24, 2010
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ARIZONA
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* Location is everything. The feeder should be isolated enough to protect birds from bored house cats and seed-gobbling squirrels, but sheltered enough to protect from cold winds. A good distance is about three metres (9 to 10 feet)
AVIAN EVENTS AND COURSES
So, make yourself a rum toddy, snuggle into a chair by the window and smile as you watch your finefeathered friends frolic in their winter resort. Tena van Andel, Toronto Master Gardener
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* Flocktail Party October 1, Tickets, $150 online at torontobotanicalgarden.ca/birds
« Silence of the Songbirds with lecturer Bridget Stuchbury, November 11, 7:30 p.m.
» Birding for Beginners with Greg Sadowski, Friday, September 25, 7 p.m.
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= Fall Birding Walk with Greg Sadowski, Saturday, September 26, 9 a.m. to noon
The Desert in Bloom April 18 25,2010
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* Project CHIRP! Gardening and Shopping Wisely for Songbird Conservation with Christina Sharma, Wednesday, November 18, 7 to 9:30 p.m.
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= Brushes with Serenity: Birds, Bugs and Bloom with Moira Mudie Mondays, October 19 & 26, November 9 through 30, 10 a.m. to 12:30 p.m.
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For details about these events and courses or to register: torontobotanicalgarden.ca, programs@torontobotanicalgarden or 416-397-1341.
GET THE DIRT ON | =
1
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# |n an interview with TBG instructor
ln an interview with TBG instructor "Garden Jane" Hayes, Victoria Stevens discovers
® Garden Jane Hayes, Victoria Stevens
Be discovers there s more EILLELODEN to soil than meets the garden spade.
there's more Erlslli''irslErd to soil than meets the garden spade.
ost pcople think of dirt as just a four-letter n or:cl. It's associated n'ith all things lon', unclean and basicallv u'orthless. Not to Jane Ha1'es, though. Tb l-rer, dlrt, or rnorc properlll soil is a mvsterious and miraculous living olganlsrn tl-rat humanitv has increasinglv takcn fol grantecl and usecl and abused to the detr"iment of thc environment and our food.
Her mission is to "change that paradigm" fol gardcncrs. Instcad of continualll' cliggirrg up the soil and amending it ivitl.r things like r-ron-rencu'able pcat moss, chemical fertilizers ar-rd topsoii n'hich are detrimental to the cnvitonment, she savs gerrdcners shouid n'ork n'ith ri'hat's alrcacll' there ancl create a scif-sustaining eco-svstem \\'here trees, plants, u'eeds, \\iorms, fungi anci bactcria all interact to create a hea1th1, balance that rcquires vcrl'little maintenance.
ost people think of dirt as just a four-letter word. It's associated with all things low, unclean and basically worthless. Not to Jane Hayes, though. To her, dirt, or more properly, soil is a mysterious and miraculous living organism that humanity has increasingly taken for granted and used and abused to the detriment of the environment and our food. Her mission is to change that paradigm for gardeners. Instead of continually digging up the soil and amending it with things like non-renewable peat moss, chemical fertilizers and topsoil which are detrimental to the environment, she says gardeners should work with what's already there and create a self-sustaining eco-system where trees, plants, weeds, worms, fungi and bacteria all interact to create a healthy balance that requires very little maintenance.
Hayes has degrccs in ar.rthropology al.rd er-rvironmcntal studies as r,r'ell as certificates in permaculture design and tcaching. Sl're establisl-red the citris Children's Garclen Proglan't ar-rcl the High Park Childler-r's Garder.r site and has n'orkcd u'ith FoodShare and Tot:onto's communitv garclens program. She also helps thc environmental group Evelgrcen to cstablish fbocl g,-rr.lcns in its school and eommltnil.\ Pr()gr,lms.
Hayes has degrees in anthropology and environmental studies as well as certificates in permaculture design and teaching. She established the city's Children's Garden Program and the High Park Children s Garden site and has worked with FoodShare and Toronto's community gardens program. She also helps the environmental group Evergreen to establish food gardens in its school and community programs.
And u'hile she's quick to point out that she's not a soil scientist, her backgrouncl, crperience and it-rtercst in hou' to gro\\, things u'ith the least :rmount ol n'ork and the least impact on the cnvironmcnt makc her en'rinentl,v qualificd to offer the average garclcner sornc useful and, in sevetal cases, surprising :rdvice.
And while she's quick to point out that she s not a soil scientist, her background, experience and interest in how to grow things with the least amount of work and the least impact on the environment make her eminently qualified to offer the average gardener some useful and, in several cases, surprising advice.
GARDEN JANE'S TOP FIVE SOIL
TIPS
GARDEN JANE S TOP FIVE SOIL TIPS
l. Avoid tilling your soil. Turning soil ovcr can kill as man)/ as hall the helpful organisms that livc in it. "Thcrc
1. Avoid tilling your soil. Turning soil over can Kill as many as half the helpful organisms that live in it. "There
should be between 10,000 and 75,000 specimens of bacteria in one gram of healthy soil, she says, adding that soil should also have a minimum of five worms per square foot. Haves has three worm farms at home, including one in a blue box under the kitchen table to help make compost and to use in her gardening programs. When creating new beds, Hayes would prefer that gardeners use sheet mulching (often called lasagna or "no dig gardening, in which layers oforganic matter are heaped on top of a thin layer of newspapers which cover the ground), but she recognizes it's a slow process, particularly in Toronto's clay soils. For heavy clay, she suggests tilling once to amend the soil and establish permanent beds, then leave them be. Also, if there's a need to remove aggressive grasses, do it by digging or double digging.
2. Leave most of the weeds alone. They are dynamic accumulators that gather nutrients needed by the plants you want in the garden. If vou must weed, leave the pulled plants on the soil to decompose. Hayes garden includes weeds such as yarrow, mullein and goldenrod. For invasive weeds like garlic mustard, creeping Charlie and goutweed, she suggests pulling them out and either creating a separate compost pile of them (before they go to seed); or, if they spread by rhizomes, putting them in the garden waste bags picked up by the city.
should bc betn,ecn 10,000 and 75,000 spccimens ol bacterla in one gram of hcalthv soil," shc sa1's, adding that soil should also havc a minimum of fivc ri'orms per square fbot. Ha1'es l-ras thrce n'orm farms at horne, including one in a blue box ur.rder thc kitchen tablc to help malie compost and to use ln hcr gardcning programs. Whcn creating nov beds, Haves i''ouid prefer that gardeners use "shect mulching" (often callcd "lasagna" or "no dig" gardening, in u'hich la1' ers of organic matter arc heaped on top ol a thin layer of ne\\,spapers n'hich cover the grouncl), but she recognizes it's a slon'process, particularli'in Toronto's clay soils. For heary clall shc suggcsts tilling once to amend the soil and establisl-r permanent beds, then lcar.e them be. Also, if there's a nced to lemove aggrcsslve grasscs, do it b,v digging or double digging. 2. Leave most of the weeds alone. They are "cll,namic accumulators" that gather nutricnts neeclcd bv the plants 1'ou \\,ant in the garden. If t'ou rrust n'eed, lear,e the pulled plants on the soil to dccompose. Hayes'garden includcs "u'eecls" such as \.arro\\,, mullein :ind golclenrod. Ilorinvasive u'eecls like garlic mustarcl, cleeping Charlie ancl gor-rhl'ccd, she suggcsts puliing tl-rem out and cither creating a separate comPost pile of thcm (befbre thev go to seed); or, if thev spread b1' rhizones, putting thcn-r in thc galderr u'aste bags piclied up b1'the city
3. Mulch, mulch, mulch. Ncvel leavc 1'our soil uncovered. \]ulch minimizes u'eccls, retains moisturc and recluccs tl-re neccl to clig. Haves uscs coffee grounds, cggshells (rinsed to ! clet"r' .rcconr-rs), strau' and coconut fibrc and lets thc leal'es + from tl-re trees stav on the garden beds rather than raliing 2 and bagging them. She also advocatcs creating paths in tlrc ; galden to avoid trammelling and compacting thc soil. H
3. Mulch, mulch, mulch. Never leave your soil uncovered. Mulch minimizes weeds, retains moisture and reduces the need to dig. Hayes uses coffee grounds, eggshells (rinsed to deter raccoons), straw and coconut fibre and lets the leaves from the trees stay on the garden beds rather than raking and bagging them. She also advocates creating paths in the carden to avoid trammelling and compacting the soil.
4. Fu.rgi are our friendJ. N{orc than 80 pcr cent of : piants dclelop a s1'mbiotic relationship u'ith fungi. If vor-r ; ior.r't l.rr, c u,-ry i,-r yor,r. garclen (1'ou'11 see a lot of fine n'hite t lilamcnts in the soil if you clo), intloduce thcm. Ideallr', thc: I
4. Fungi are our friends. More than 80 per cent of plants develop a symbiotic relationship with fungi. It you don't have any in your garden (you'll see a lot of fine white filaments in the soil if you do), introduce them. Ideally, the
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olte,i ratio of fungi to bacteria in a garden should be one to one, compost tea to spray on leaves, apply directly to soil or to she says. The Organic Gardener's Pantry (gardenerspantry. dip roots into when transplanting. It's a fast way to introca) offers a good selection of micro-organisms, fungi, com- duce nutrients and inoculate soil and plants against pests post tea and natural fertilizers as well as useful advice on and disease. amending your soil naturally.
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Learn to compost. Use it to feed your soil regularly, leaving it on top of the soil rather than digging it in. Make
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Victoria Stevens is a TBG volunteer andfreelance writer formerly with the Toronto Star.
« Never add meat, bones, dairy products, fats/oil, cat/dog waste or herbicide/pesticide-treated plants to the compost pile.
ro elseM
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FEED THE SOIL WITH COMPOST
« If there are rodents in your area, use galvanized screening material to enclose the bottom of the compost bin.
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Excerpted from Compost for Your Organic Garden by Toronto Master Gardeners for the City of Toronto. For more information on composting and organic gardening visit factsheets.torontomastergardeners.ca.
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esaql saseolar sLusrue6ro llos
ur pue seleJ le 'A;rvro;s sluauelo
'oz!llln uef, slueld sr.uJo]
Compost is partially decomposed organic matter. Most often, organic matter is found in the form of plant residues and the manure of plant-eating animals. It contains a healthy range of nutrients essential to plant growth. The gradual degradation of organic matter into compost by soil organisms releases these elements slowly, at rates and in forms plants can utilize.
tn,'season
container craz
Holiday Gift Tags and PUMPKIN POWER
Place Markers
Holiday Gift Tags and Place Markers
Combine edibles, Sot a festive table with tropicals and perennials personalized place mark- for a colourful fall ers made from the trimmings of winter wreaths and urns. Start with a southern magnolia leaf. On the brown side, write n | container. Paul Zaninit
each guest's name using
a gold or silver marker. To
the back of the leaf, tie a
sprig of fir, B.C. red cedar,
boxwood or other ever-
green with coloured raffia
Clonrbinc ecliblcs, t ropical s ancl perct'tr-r iirls loi' a coloruful fall contalne r. Prttrl hiltiltit
. F I PI
or ribbon. Place a leafy . /
EALL PLANTS
ANTS
Clockwise from left: Croton (Codraeum), chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum>, leatherleaf sedge (Carex buchananii), coral bells (Heuchera), ornamental pepper (Capsicum), English ivy (Hedel,a), curled parsley (Petroselinum crispum) and pie pumpkins.
Clockwise from left: Croton (Codiaeum), chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum), leatherleaf sedge (Carex buchananii), coral bells (Heuchera), ornamental pepper (Capsicum), English ivy (Hedera), curled parsley (Petroselinum crispum) and pie pumpkins.
greeting at each dinner + Asidefrom the traditional autumn nust- fe - SH OEE
setting or use to person- * haves, such as asters, sedums and ornamental s
Set a festive table with personalized place markers made from the trimmings of winter wreaths and urns. Start with a southern magnolia leaf. On the brown side, write each guest's name using a gold or silver marker, To the back of the leaf, tie a sprig of fir, B.C. red cedar, boxwood or other evergreen with coloured raffia or ribbon. Place a leafy greeting at each dinner setting or use to Personalize a parcel or gift.
5 . Acer griseum A.
alize a parcel or gift. . grasses, Director of Horticulture Paul Zammit
- Paul Zammit Di rector of H ort icu ltu re
,\sitle irorrL tlrc tnLditkttrul dututtttt lttusthares. .sitc,/l r/.s (,sle,T, .set/itrtis tLntl ttnnttrcntul g,.1,ssc.s, Director rtf Hrtrticultttre Purl Tttrrtttit .slgge.sts t h e se rn rt st tutd ng ial I I reu
maple) dissectum Dissectum | H Virid up (Viridi Paul Zammit : suggests these outstanding fall treasures. Viride Group vin B=» Director ofHorticulture
lN'.,' ', OU,R FALL SPLENDOUR
. + Early Amethyst
. : ( Early Amethyst
: FALL « purple beautyberry) -
Ie 4 .
I'he gardens continue to :
change with the seasons, :
particularly in the Entry :
Garden Walk. Seed heads : : ripen and ornamental grasses | : come into their own. Look :
l'l-rc garclcr-rs cot'ttinrtc to charrgc n'itlr thc scasons. particularll in thc Er-rtrv (larclcn \\/alli. Scccl lieacls lipen ancl ol'ninncntill grasscs comc into lhc'ir onr-r. I-ooli lor llolinia cacrttlcrt sttbsp. rtn t di t utceu'Tratrsparcnt' as rr'cll as thc rrass piar-rtings ol llal<otrcchlou tnacnr, v'ilh its fall colour ancl graccful
grou'tl.r I'rabit.
for Molinia caerulea subsp. 4 : . airs Trnava + Amsonia hubrichtii Anemone x hybrida Brassica oleracea Molinia caerulea . arundinacea [ransparent as + (Hubricht's bluestar) Honorine Jobert' (Acephala Group) subsp. caerulea . well as the mass plantings . ine Jobert Redbor F1 Hybrid Moorhexe . . h 2) ' ' curl a itch arf © of Hakonechloa macra, with . anemone) ( Redbor curly kale) (Swamp Witch dwar . : . . moor grass) . its fall colour and graceful . b growth habit.
palmatum var.
(Paperbark
« Callicarpa dichotoma Cotoneaster horizon- Hydrangea quercifolia Stewartia pseudo-
talis (Rock spray) (Oakleaf hydrangea) camellia (Japanese
stewartia)
JUST ASK
MAST GARpyEr Ex Ep
Is late September too late to So plant veggies in my garden? If not, what would you suggest?
oI'sllrl lsorl erolaq speles .r e ro ofnllel |ee| 6u;mos li,r1 ''":ii#i:;:^'::i:fi1il r ilse88ns no"( PInoM le-t1tt 1ou JI ruetd ol aretool s,l!alqMfl,
Species tulips
Tulips are usually associated with spectacular public plantings of tall, brightly coloured flowers. Many of these are wonderful for the first year or so, but then they often dwindle. If you don t want to be disappointed by diminishing Slips, try growing species tulips instead of the hybridized ones. Natives of Eastern Europe and Central Asia, species tulips grow in mountainous areas, in rocky and stony soil or in grasslands where it's dry in the summer. They adapt well to garden conditions, often selfseeding or spreading vegetatively, and so last for many vears. Combine them with later emerging small plants, such as alpines or dwarf hostas, or site them among dwarfevergreens as you'll see at the Toronto Botanical Garden. Depending on the particular conditions, some will even naturalize in a lawn. (If they do, do not mow until the leaves die down at the end of June.)
JOBS TO DO
FALL
slenuue Jo sOurllnr e>1eI -I-M
ot slueld lelrdorl pue
sloopur MorO pue loo.1
PrlPrJossn AIIPnsn are sdr1n1 uosees 6utmor6 oqr
InJ-IepuoA\ lq6!l'u f! 'souoz raloor ul ale oseql .1o duel'1 srJ^\og .suolealql lso,rl uor.l/vl pernolo) dltq8uq ,1pt 3o s8ur lalseq loqsnq peulnUa^-o _1ueTd rrlqnd relnletoads qtr,n ue lo laeqs plo ue qll/Y\ slueld aql lralord r".'ti;il
d Ma While it s too late to plant: fruit-bearing vegetables such as beans or tomatoes, try sowing leaf lettuce or a mesclun mix, which can be planted in Zone 6 or warmer, so that young leaves can be harvested for salads before frost hits. To extend the growing season further, protect the plants with an old sheet or an overturned bushel basket when frost threatens.
6ulJds Alree ue rol a)nllal pue slaaq'saqslper' alsred 'slorref 'qeeulds lo spaas /vros -ppqiq rqt Jo peetsur sdrlnt satoads Sur,nor8 {rt 'sdlrnt Surqsiururrp iq poturodde -slp rq ol lua.\\ t.uop noi .1 ; 'peelsul 'lleJ sltll lso^req a[Put'!\P uaTo ^aL[] uaql lnq 'os e rol lueld ol elel ool aq lo res,{ lsrll rlll ro_J
aq osle uef rrlre9 'dorl
punor6 aql oroloq lsnf lllun pue i1co,r ur 'sr?a]e snourpJunorr ur ,rror8 sdrlnl sarcods lle/vl lnq lleJ alel u! polueld 'ErsV lerlu3O pue edo:ng urelseq Jo sa^rteN 'sauo pazr
'A;ernleuetd lnolds -JIas uaUo 'suolllPuoJ uapJe8 ol llo^\ fdepe .laql llrrn sqlnq aql ro sazaarl '"taurtuns oql uI i,rp s,1r alaql\ sPu?lsser8 ut ro lros .{uols
In cooler zones, it might be too late to plant for a harvest this fall. Instead, sow seeds of spinach, carrots, parsley, radishes, beets and lettuce for an early spring crop. Garlic can also be planted in late fall but wait until just before the ground freezes or the bulbs will sprout prematurely.
6utlueld 6uuds q6noqilf {ueu 'ro3 lsel os Pue .,{1a'*1e1a8a't Surpeerds 'ro Eurpees
'qleqnql 'pepuauuolal s! 'sluPlo [[ELUS bulbJJLtl.) JJ]l?J t-lll\\ txJl.ll JUlquo.) 'srEJA
,._.._. , _._
Suouu LuaLIl clrs Jo 'splsor{ JJe,,vrp Jo saurdle se LIJrls pue qslperosror,l'snoeredse
osle uel erot{tlue ualesnlar
tlllm sV 'lleJ eql u! palueld oq leJluplog oluorof, aql t€ aas 11,no,{ se suaa:8;a,ra Jre,,lrp
'q6noql 'Fullueld 1;e1 Iue aruos 'suortrpuoc relncrtred aqt uo Surpuada6 'uapte3
eq1 aalue;en6 ou s! araql r!\our lou op 'op ,{oqt 31) urnel e uI azllelnleu ucAa ilrr!\
-ssolrns talu!/ntano 11r,r,r Ooli ('aun[ 3o PtlJ Jtl] lE u.'!\oP JIP sc^€o1 oql lllun
uI uns I]nJ alraJar lfaql araq,'u uorterol e asoor{3 'uralll
Although spring planting is recommended, rhubarb, asparagus, horseradish and Jerusalem artichoke can also be planted in the fall. As with any fall planting, though, there is no guarantee the crop will overwinter successfully but it s fun to try!
i^tl ol unt s,l! lnq _ Allnt ,{nq no-( sE uoos se ge1 ,{1ma arll ur sdrinl sarlads 1ue14
lros paup-rp{la,lr ur alolu ro 0l Jo sdno.rE ui tueld pue Suuds
e paau;(aql asneJaB 'daap (saqour ns) sarlarursual EI lnoqe
raururns uI sqlnq e{1 rrler\ lou op ra>lscl ''hp 'toq
Plant species tulips in the early fallas soon as vou buy them. Choose a location where theyll receive full sun in springand plant in groups of 10 or more in well-drained soil, about 15 centimetres (six inches) deep. Because they need a hot, dry bake, do not water the bulbs in summer.
lo lero^os ilo, Iool ol sdrlnl se!trods ouros oje atoH
'ggldoqs u! alqel!e^e are asaql
Here are some species tulips to look for. Several of these are available in shopTBG.
« Tulipa bakeri Lilac Wonder": lilac pink; yellow centre; early bloomer; 20 centimetres (eight inches)
flree :arluoc Molle^ :>lurd f,elrl :,ropuoM )e[\ ue4eq edtnf.
o] sdrlnl eseql Jo lsel eLll Jo auo :.rueg T46ilA, nutteleq J. (soqf,ul lq610) soJlaujtluas oz :reuloolq
'(saL{trur xrs) sarlaurluof, gL :Molla^-esojLuud 'lJos :uloolq
=T. batalinii Bright Gem : one of the last of these tulips to bloom; soft, primrose-yellow; 15 centimetres (six inches).
alrqm'1ryarer6 :dr|n1 Apel oql se u/v\ou>.1 'puesnp J.
oT. clusiana: known as the Lady Tulip; graceful, white pointed petals with red undersides. Cynthia has yellow and red petals; Lady Jane white and deep red; 30 centimetres (12 inches)
ol o[ :sa^eal /v\oireu :ar]uof, xrep 'pol lrlouq .e!pJ!u!l _1. (soq3ur e[) sar]ourluof, Ot :per daop pue elrqM ,ouer Apel, :sleled pal pue /v\olla^ seLl ,erq1u^3, 'septsjapun pal qlti slelad palutod
=T. linifolia: bright red, dark centre; narrow leaves; 10 to 15 centimetres (four to six inches)
«T. tarda: multiple star-shaped flowers; yellow petals with white tips; 10 centimetres (four inches)
«T. turkistanica: multiple white flowers with yellow centres; greyish leaves; 30-centimetre (12-inch) stems
Anna Leggatt, Toronto Master Gardener
-l rauap)e9 )elsery oluuof 'lle66q euuVsuJals (Ll)ur-zL) erlaulrluaf,-ot :sa^eal qsrAeJ6 :sajluotr Molle^ L{}M sja/v\olj alrLlM aldrllnLu :eJtuelstrynJ J. (sor..lf,ut rnoJ) sorloulrluaf, o[ :sdtl altq^ qtrM slplad Molle^ :sroMolJ pedeLls-rels aldtllnul '.ep)el J. (saLlf,ur xls ol JnoJ) seJleLUrluof, gL
The cooler weather in autumn makes it a perfect time for planting perennials. They should be in the ground by midOctober to allow plenty of time to establish good roots before winter sets in. Stop fertilizing established perennials by early autumn so that the plant s energy reserves are stored for winter rather than being diverted into new growth.
Sandra Pella Head Gardener
Take cuttings of annuals and tropical plants to root and grow indoors over the winter.
'.lelurM eL{l re^o
-6ur.rds 1ueld '11e1 A;ree u1
se qf,ns sqlnq 6urmoolq
sdr1n1 serceds'tJeJsn N
eq Aeul sdr1n1 puq{q se qlns sqlnE snss/r/eN pue
puno;6 eql ueqm polueld
'ezea)J o1 sur6eq
In early fall, plant springblooming bulbs such as Muscari, species tulips and Narcissus. Bulbs such as hybrid tulips may be planted when the ground begins to freeze.
uepre6 eql elenle^l
'rnolotr ereqM elou pue
Evaluate the garden and note where colour, shape, form and texture can be added.
'peppe eq uef, ornlxeJ pue uro1 'edeqs
speeq pees ouros e^eol
sleruuered Jo surols pue
'spJrq roJ poo] se pue lserelur rolurM roJ slenuue pue
Leave some seed heads and stems of perennials and annuals for winter interest and as food for birds.
'slool erols pue ueell
11 A;ree ool sosoq o.rols pue lf,euuorsrp l,uoc
onurluor '1q6r; ere sureJ lleJ
'dn-ezaertr 1t1un s6ur1ue1d meu eleOr,ur o1
Clean and store tools. Don't disconnect and store hoses too early. If fall rains are light, continue to irrigate new plantings until freeze-up.
..1OJ SrOUrelUOf, AArlrSUeS -lsorl orols pue AldLuf
'.lolurM oql
Empty and store frostsensitive containers for the winter.
lo qllnur ,te1urm A;dde pue lsodLUof peoids
'sezeel1 punor6 eq1 oruo sa^eel pepporqs
Spread compost and apply winter mulch of shredded leaves once the ground freezes.
sesor lcelord pue puno4
'ozeelj ol sur6eq punor6 eLll ef,uo
Mound and protect roses once the ground begins to freeze.
1o sburlueld 6unoA pue Mou lfalord
'peqsrlqelse eoug de;,tnq ro sq6noq uee;6lene qlrM soerl pue sqnrqs
slueld pelrs Alredord pue pellales-lleM
ornber lou plnoqs
'uorltrelord roJurM
Protect new and young plantings of shrubs and trees with evergreen boughs or burlap. Once established, well-selected and properly sited plants should not require winter protection.
1
SEPTEMBER
::: i'r:.]t,:.rii:
20
z0
GreaterTorontoWaterGarden& HorticulturalSociety
Gleater Toronto Water Garden & Horticultunl Society
Peter Gill: Water garden plants - keep or (omp0$
Studio 3, noon; onwatergarden.com, Sogehu lkebana
PeterGill:Watergardenplants-keeporcompost Studio3, noon;onwatergarden.com, SogetsuIkebana
Studio1,12:30p.m.;highpark35@rogers.com
un
Studio 1, l2:30 p.m,; highpark35@rogers,com 2t
Toronto Alli(an Violet So(iety
TorontoAfricanVioletSociety
Plantsale,GardenHall,noonto4p.m. bluejasper.com/tavs
Plant sale, Garden Hall, noon to 4 p.m. blueiasper.rom/tavs
Southeln 0ntario 0r(hid Sodety
SouthernOntarioOrchidSociety
Floral Hall,noon;soos.
Floral Hall, noon; soos.ca
TorontoRegionRhododendron& HorticulturalSociety
Ioronto Region Rhododendlon I Holti(ultunl 50(iety
Walter 0strom: [ompanion plants for rhodos & azaleas; Studio 1, 2 p.m.; onrhodos.rom
WalterOstrom:Companionplantsforrhodos& azaleas;Studio1,2p.m.;onrhodos.com
OCTOBER
., .:.,a.,:,,
floiltailPaily
Hocktail Party
FloralHall,6p.m;Tickets$150 flocktail@torontobotanicalgarden.ca 4
Floral Hall, 6 p.m.; Tickets $150 locktail@torontobotankalgarden.ca
4
0nta1i0 no(k Garden & Hady Plant Sodety
OntarioRockGarden&HardyPlantSociety
I1
Studios1,2&3;7:30p.m. 416-492-3328,www.gardenontario.org/site. php/northtoronto 17&18
9
9
Studios l, 2 & 3; 7:30 p,m, 416-492J328, www,gardenontario.orgAite. php/northtoronto l7&18
lkebana lnternati0nal Annual Show
Theme is "Stardust"; Floral Hall
Toronto Bonsai Soriety
TorontoBonsaiSociety GardenHall, p.m.;torontobonsai.org
10
Garden Hall, 7 p.m.; torontob0nsai.0rg t0
IkebanaInternationalAnnualShow Themeis Stardust ; Floral Hall Saturday:noonto5p.m.;demonstrationwith IngridLudersat1:30p.m;Sunday:opentothe public.Workshops;10a.m.(350)and 1:30p.m.(345).Registration limited. 416-463-0517; ikebana-toronto.com
Saturday: noon to 5 p.m.; dem0nstration \,Vith
Ingrid Luders at i:30 p,m; Sunday: open to the public. Workshops; 10 a,m. ($50) and l:30 p.m. ($45). Registration limited, 416-46i0517; ikebana-t0r0nto.(0m l9
19
Iolonto lly(ologi(al So(iety
Garden Hall,7:10 p.m.; mydor.org z0
TorontoMycologicalSociety Garden Hall, 7:30 p.m.; myctor.org 20
Tolonto (adus & Succulent (lub
Studi0 3, 7 p,m.; t0rontocadus.tripod.com
TorontoCactus&SucculentClub Studio3, 7p.m.; torontocactus tripod.com un
22
(anadian (hrysanthemum & Dahlia SocieU
Studio l, 7 p.m.; mumsanddahlias.com
CanadianChrysanthemum&DahliaSociety Studio1,7p.m.;mumsanddahlias.com
5
25
Sogetsu lkebana
Sogetsulkebana Studio3, 12:30 p.m.; highpark35@rogers.com
Studi0 3, l2:J0 p.m.; highparkS5@rogers.com
NOVEMBER
JimReveal:GemsoftheWest
Jim Reveal: Gems of the We$
Fl0rdl Hall, noon, 0nrockgarden.com
Floral Hall,noon,anrockgarden.com
Toronto 6esneriad So(iely
TorontoGesneriadSociety
Arleen Dewell: l"1y farlourite gesneriads
1
1
SouthernOntarioOrchidSociety FloralHall,noon;soos.ca
Southern 0ntalio 0r(hid 5odely
Floral Hall, noon; soos.ra
ArleenDewell: Myfavouritegesneriads Studio1,noon;torontogesneriadsociety.org
5tudi0 i, n00n; t0r0ntogesneriadsociety.org
Gleatel Toronto Rose & Garden
Horticultural Society
GreaterTorontoRose&Garden HorticulturalSociety
Jim ldwards: Seasonal decorating with roses Studio 1, 2 p,m.; 416-485-5907
il&u
Jim Edwards: Seasonal decorating with roses Studio1,2p.m.;416-485-5907 nan
TorontoBonsaiSociety
Iolonto Bonsai So(iety
Show& sale, Floral Hall; Sunday: noonto5pm.; Monday:10am.to5pm; torontobonsai.org 13
Show & sale, Floral Hall; Sundat/: noon t0 5 p.m.; l4ondar/: 10 a.m. to 5 p.m.: t0rontobonsai,0rg B
NorthTorontoHorticulturalSociety
il01th T010nto H0ili(ultural Society
DavidTomlinson:Ecologicallyfriendly gardening
David Tomlinson: k0logkall\i friendly gardening
presents 10"Annual
Toronto Judging (entre of the Ametican
0rhid Society
TorontoJudgingCentreoftheAmerican OrchidSociety
8
8
Studio 182;9a.m.;www.5005.ca/A0S
Studio I & 2; 9 a,m.; www.soos.ra/A0S
Ontario Rock Garden & Hardy Plant Society
Speaker: Ken Kavanaugh
OntarioRockGarden&HardyPlantSociety Speaker:KenKavanaugh Floral Hall, noon; onrockgarden.com
Floral Hall, noon; onrockgarden.com
TorontoGesneriadSociety
Tolonto 6esneliad So(iety (arolyn (onlin-[ane: Chirlta
Studio 3, noon torontogesneriadsociety.org
CarolynConlin-Lane; Chirita Studio3, noon torontogesneriadsociety.org
Glealer Ioronto Rose & Gatden
Horticultunl Society
Studios 1 & 2, 2 p.m.416-485{907
GreaterTorontoRose&Garden HorticulturalSociety Studios182,2p.m.416-485-5907
Legacy event
A FloralDemonstration by Hitomi Gilliam FloralHall, TorontoBotanicalGardenWednesday May 19* 2010 12:15 for 1:00pm
$35.00 ; Auction ofdesigns Information/Tickets CX % cash/cheque 416-292-4661 Audio Visual by 416-481-4873 /(!.C¢ METROCOM
llorth Ioronto Horticultural Society
NorthTorontoHorticulturalSociety
Potluck dinner, slide show festival & awards
Garden Hall,6J0 p.m.
Potluckdinner,slideshowfestival&awards GardenHall,6:30p.m. 416-492-3328
416-497-3328
15
l5
Gennium, Pelatgonium & [uchsia Society ot 0ntado
Plant show, Garden Hall, 9 a.m. to 4 p.m.
Geranium,Pelargonium&Fuchsia SocietyofOntario Plantshow,Garden Hall,9a.m.to4p.m. 519-836-4487
519-836-4487
16
l6
Toronto I'lycological Society
TorontoMycologicalSociety Garden Hall,7:30p.m.myctor.org
5
7
Garden Hall,7:30 p.m.; mt/(tor.org 11
Toronto (adus & Su(rulent (lub
Studi0 3, 7 p.m.; t0r0nto(a(tus.trip0d,c0m 2Z
TorontoCactus&SucculentClub Studio3, 7p.m.;torontocactus.tripod.com un
GreaterTorontoWaterGarden &HorticulturalSociety
Gleater loronto Water Garden & Hoilirultunl So(iety
WolfegangBonham:Waterfeaturedesign Studio3, noon;onwatergarden.com
Wolfegang Bonham: Waler feature design
Studio 3, noon; onwatergarden.(om 29
Pi
Sogetsu lk€bana
Studio 3, l2J0 p.m.
highparkS5@rogen.com
Tololto Region Rhododendron & Holti(ultolal Sodety
Studio l, 2 p.m.; onrhodos.com
SogetsuIkebana Studio3,12:30p.m. highpark35@rogers.com TorontoRegionRhododendron& HorticulturalSociety Studio1, 2p.m.;onrhodos.com
DECEMBER
, : -: :t.: ', 5
Toronto Judging (entre ot the American 0rchid Society
Studio I & 2,9 a.m.; www.soos,ca/A0S 6
Southern 0ntatio 0tchid Society
TorontoJudgingCentreoftheAmerican OrchidSociety Studio1&2,9a.m.; www.s00s.ca/A0S 6 SouthernOntarioOrchidSociety Floral Hall,noon;soos.ca 1
Floral Hall, noon; soos.(a ll (anadian (hrysanthemum & Dahlia Society
Studi0 i, 7 p.m.; mumsanddahlias.com
CanadianChrysanthemum&DahliaSociety Studio1,7p.m.mumsanddahlias.com
t3
1B
ontail0 Ro(k Garden & Hady Plant Sodety
OntarioRockGarden&HardyPlantSociety
Reggae l'4organ: Daylilies and other fine plants Floral Hall, noon; onrockgarden,rom Ioronto Gesneriad Soriety
ReggaeMorgan:Dayliliesandotherfineplants Floral Hall,noon;onrockgarden.com
TorontoGesneriadSociety Studios1&2,noon;torontogesneriadsociety.org 1]
Studios I & 2, noon; torontogesneriadsociety.org l4
TorontoBonsaiSociety Garden Hall,7p.m.;torontohonsai.org
Toronto Bonsai 50(iety Garden Hall, 7 p.m.; torontobonsai,org
SCHEDULESCANCHANGEAFTER PRESSTIME- BESURE T0CHECKAHEAD
DWARL :
September9. Ron Rule
Designing a Very Peronal Garden
Extraordinarv gardens are memorable because they refled their owners' distinctive foibles and quirks.
September 29 Gnham Rantin Aberglasney: The Restontion of a Garden lreasure (ome and discover the delights of AberglasneV in (armarthenshire (Wales), considered one of the be$ garden re$orations in the United Kingdom.
0ttober 28 I'lichael Pelerman from lnglish Roses to (anadian Wildflolve6 - Susanna l,loodie & (athedne Pan Inill in Iwo Worlds A first-hand look at the natural world of Upper (anada drawn from the sisters' writings.
September9«RonRule DesigningaVeryPersonalGarden Extraordinarygardensarememorable becausetheyreflecttheirowners distinctivefoiblesandquirks. September29 +GrahamRankin Aberglasney:TheRestorationofa GardenTreasure Comeanddiscoverthedelightsof AberglasneyinCarmarthenshire(Wales), consideredoneofthebestgarden restorationsintheUnited Kingdom. October28»MichaelPeterman FromEnglishRosestoCanadian Wildflowers SusannaMoodie& CatherineParrTraillinTwoWorlds Afirst-hand lookatthenaturalworld ofUpper(anadadrawnfromthe sisters writings.
November11«Dr.BridgetStuchbury SilenceoftheSongbirds NorthAmericaislosingitssongbirds. Comeandfindoutwhyandwhatwe candotohelp.
llovember ll. Dr. Bridget Sturhbury Silen(e ol the Songbids North America rs losing its songbirds. Come and find out why and what we can do to help.
All ledures take place in the Floral Hall at 7:30 p.m.
Alllecturestakeplaceinthe FloralHallat7:30p.m. Public$20,students$15,membersfree. Doorsalesonly,limitedseating. 416-397-1340
Public S20, students $15, memben ftee. Door sales only, limited seating. 4t6-397-1340 ::::!::::t :i1t:.:::'-::. =
MILNE HOUSE GARDEN G!.UB PRESENTS OUR
WORKSHOP
MILNE HOUSE GARDEN CLUB PRESENTS OURANNUALWORKSHOP
wgga* F-€EtffE F€-GUSE DEC. 3rd, '09 in the FLORAL HALL TOtrONTO POTANI'AL GAFDSN u -a.-fi LAWF€,NaE NUe.
CHRISTMAS WITH MILNE HOUSE DEC. 3rd, 09 in the FLORAL HALL TORONTO BOTANICAL GARDEN TTT LAWRENCE AVE. AT LESLIE 1:30PM OR 7:00PM includes all materials for project bring your own clippers
Forreservations call 416-421-7878
There will be a CHRISTMASCRAFT SALEfor yourenjoyment
PHOTO:
ADRIENNECLARKSON
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TheToronto organizationwhose purpose istoinspire passion,respectand understanding ofgardening,horticulture, the naturallandscapeandahealthyenvironment. TheTBGraisesover90percentofitsoperatingfundsthrough membership, facilityrentals,retailenterprises, programfeesanddonations.Theorganization reliesonthegenerosityandfinancialcommitmentofindividuals,foundationsand corporationstohelp maintainthegardensandsupportthemanyhorticultural andenvironmentalservicesweprovidetoourcommunity.
GENERAL HOURS AND ADMISSION
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GARDENS: Free admission, dawn to dusk
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ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICES: Monday through Friday, 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. WESTON FAMILY LIBRARY: Call 416-397-1343 orcheck www.torontobotanicalgarden.ca forhoursofoperation. shopTBG: Call416-397-1357 + shop@torontobotanicalgarden.ca TBG Cafe: 416-392-6190
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MASTER GARDENERS INFO LINE: noon to3 p.m. 416-397-1345
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BrianBixlay, Mark Cullen, Camilla Dalglish,SondraGotlieb, Marjorie Harris,LorraineJohnson, Michele Landsberg, Susan Macauley,Helen Skinner
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(April & July, Tuesday to Saturday; May & June,daily; August through March, Tuesday, Wednesday and Saturday) or www.questions.torontomastergardeners.ca torontobotanicalgarden.ca/membership
SIGN UP FOR GARDEN E-NEWS!
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Receivethelatesthorticulturalnewsand information on events, workshops, lecturesandotherhorticulturalhappenings. Freeregistration attorontobotanicalgarden.ca/e_newsletter.asp
FRIENDS OF THE TORONTO BOTANICAL GARDEN
THANK YOU to the following Friends for providing generous support towards our programs and services. Our Friends are fundamental to the TBG's ability to educate and provide the community with the most valuable and up-to-date information on gardening and horticulture. The following individu-
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March 21, 2009, to June 30, 2009.
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LeslieDenier (president); KathyDembroski, Nancy G.Dengler,SuzanneDrinkwater, GeoffreyDyer, JamesEckenwalder, MaryFisher,Colomba Fuller, Jim Gardhouse, PeterGray-Donald, LynnGrogan, JanetKarn,Allan Kling, CatherinePeer, Rosemary Phelan, PennyRichards,DawnScott,JudySherriff, ClaudetteSmith,TomSparling, MargaretTaylor,Anne Ullman
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ExecutiveDirector,JudyWillmott director@torontobotanicaluarden.ca 416-397-1346
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Accounting,CarmeliBanci accounting@torontobotanicaloarden.ca 416-307-1352
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FacilitySalesSupervisor,Jenny Beard rentals@torontobotanicalgarden.ca 416-397-1324
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Facility SalesCoordinator,SherriJohnson rentalassist@iorontobotanicaloarden.ca 416-397-1349
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MaintenanceSupervisor,WalterMorassutti maintenance@torontobotanicalgarden.ca 416-397-1544
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VolunteerOffice volunteers@torontobotanicalgarden.ca 416-397-4145
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CommunicationsDirector,JennyRhodenizer communication @torontobotanicaloarden.ca 416-397-1351
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Database Coordinator, Naureen Qaiyyum database@torontobotanicalgarden.ca 416-397-1371
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Director of Horticulture, PaulZammit horticulture@torontobotanicalgarden.ca 416-397-1358
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HeadGardener,SandraPella gardener@torontobotanicalgarden.ca 416-397-1289
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Children sPrograms Supervisor, Liz Hood childrensprograms@torontobotanicalgarden.ca 416-397-1355
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Children sProgramsCoordinator,NatalieHarder allangardens@torontobotanicaloarden.ca 416-357-1268
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BirthdayPartyCoordinator,SarahLoconte hirthdayparty@torontobotanicalgarden.ca 416-397-1380
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ProgramCoordinator,RebeccaGolding programs@torontobotanicalgarden.ca 416-397-1362
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BENEFACTORS DeniseCargil Barbara McDonald DirectorofDevelopment,StephanieChiang 416-392-6190 ($1,000-$2,499) MaryLouCarter StaceyMclndless development@iorontobotanicaloarden.ca
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Janet&DavidGreyson Dorothy&JohnCartmell MarionMagee 416-391-1312 library@torontobotanicalgarden.ca SUSTAININGMEMBERS MidgeCooper JulieMedland DevelopmentOfficer,SarahDurnan 416-397-1343 ($500-$999) DorothyCottrelle JuneMurdoch annualgiving@torontobotanicalgarden.ca TaxonomicAssistant,ToniVella JudithConacher Patricia&PeterDalton Bonita Parshuram 416-397-1483 taxonomy@torontobotanicalgarden.ca James&SusanEckenwalder LindsayDrakeNightingale DorynePeace -_ RoseFeikes Trudi Evans-Reizele LindaPeacock got torontobotanicalgarden.ca Jim&MaryFisher RalphFernando JannettePorter ** FOR MORE INFORMATION Bob Hutchison&Carolyn LouiseGolding Joy Reddy EE Kearns John Hamilton&Alexandra ~~ Penny&RobertRichards BarbaraAnn Hynes Jonsson VirginiaSawyer Marjorie&Donald Lenz Mr.&Mrs.WilliamHarris HelenSilverstein FORONTO LindaJ. Lynott KathyHarvey Loretta&StanleySkinner : ( Y] A NTT A I Ray&TrudyStacey MarionHill AnthonySpencer DL) AN]. KarenTrotter&JohnCarlisle DavidHogarthSmith JaniceTurnerKing TARDEN FRIENDS($140-$499) RonaldA.Javitch DeborahVernon 717 Lawrence Avenue East, iey iiJohnson&Julia Sniid Toronto, Ontario M3C 1P2, Canada loan Avery ohnson arion Warburton ~~ ome. sine Lidia 4 416-397-1340; fax: 416-397-1354 Isabel Boardman Joyce&StephenE.Johnson JudithWillmott ; ; RuthBolt yeoe TrudyWight info@torontobotanicaloarden.ca linda Bovko & Jens Carl Danny Lang & Jackie Barbara Young torontobotanicalgarden.ca EliseBrais Campbell Anonymous(5)
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ByTTC: Exit theYongesubway lineat the Eglintonstationandtake the MicheleBussieres Robert&NicoleLeaper 51, 54or54A busto LawrenceAvenue. TheTBG is on the southwestcorner,
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WATCH THE FEATHERS FLY!
WATCH THE FEATHERS FLY!
Whimsical, Alluning, High Flying....
Whimsical, Alluring, High Flying....
Our first ever Slocktart
our first ever /r'rlr'rtrQrrtr/
party
Join us as we reveal the winners of the TBG Birdhouse Design Competition!
Join us as we reveal the winners of the TBG Birdhouse Design Competition!
Live auction with special guest Albert Schultz
Artistic Director, Soulpepper Theatre Company
Live auction with special guest Albert Schultz Artistic Director, Soulpepper Theatre Company
Silent auction: feathers, flights and fancy
Silent auction: feathers, flights and fancy
Pecking and watering stations to satisfy everyone's appetite and thirst
Pecking and watering stations to satisfy everyone s appetite and thirst
October 1st, 2009 at 6:30pm
October jst, 2OO9 at 6:3opm
Tickets on sale now:
$150.00 per person flocktail@torontobotanicalgarden.ca www.torontobotanicalgarden.ca/birds 416-397-1484
Tickets on sale now: $l50.OO per person flocktai l@torontobotan ica garden.ca www.torontobotan ica iga rden.ca/birds 416-397-1484
Toronto Botanical Garden 777 Lawrence Ave. East Toronto, Ontario
Toronto Botanical Garden V77 Lawrence Ave. East Toronto, Ontario
Thank you to our generous sponsors
GOLD SPONSOR PRINT SPONSOR George & Kathy Dembroski
AWARD SPONSORS
SPARLING with Colomba Fuller & Janet Greyson LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTS
AWARD SPONSORS $*-rA{q"{-;
THE W. GARFIELD WESTON
THE W. GARFIELD WESTON @~FOUNDATION-= BMOOo Harris Private Banking:
Thank you GOLD SPONSOR to our generous sponsors PRINT SPONSOR e:FOUNDA'ftON+
CORPORATE SPONSORS
CORPORATE SPONSORS J Gm LEXUS miBennett IX
Le xus brBennett vanalcn,cnt AaLn <. Jones
Management Chol Jork Jones Mingnom
PATRONS WINE SPONSOR
PATRONS :'l:i;:li:..
Canaclahloonts Mindhom ffi WINE SPONSOR
Michael and Susan Burns, Bruce and Vladka Mitchell oh BB Lawrence ana Arre Ura lpgels Sate. All