REPs Journal - December 2009 by Tor Davies

December 09 l issue 15

Journal New REPs structure Eat Fit: Keep fit Genes and lifestyle choice plus all the latest news

Produced in association with

Welcome

Welcome to Issue 15 of the REPs Journal. Firstly a big thank you to all who have offered feedback about the new-look Journal. Response so far has been really positive but if there’s anything you think we could do to improve it do let us know. Secondly hello to all the members I’ve met over the past few months at our conferences and at LIW – it’s been a very busy time but I can’t tell you how exciting I find the buzz of these events. Even though work commitments mean I’ve had to put teaching classes to one side I always come away from our conventions feeling like I want to dig out my old class notes and start again!

The Register of Exercise Professionals Third floor, 8-10 Crown Hill, Croydon, Surrey CR0 1RZ Telephone 020 8686 6464 www.exerciseregister.org Registrar Jean-Ann Marnoch Registration Manager Alison Frater alison@exerciseregister.org Systems manager Rob McGregor robbie@exerciseregister.org

Qualifications & Training Standards

SkillsActive Castlewood House, New Oxford St London WC1A 1PX Telephone 020 7632 2000

I’ve also been involved with lots of meetings with various organisations and employers as part of REPs’ drive to professionalise the industry. As well as meeting with the Army in Aldershot I’ve been to the NHS employers convention in Birmingham along with the FIA’s Chief Medical Officer John Searle who is this issue’s Guest Contributor. Those meetings also included a trip to SIBEC 2009 in Croatia. While the location was very glamorous the reality was a lot of hard work on behalf of the Register although it was quite good fun too. SIBEC is like a giant speed-dating event for suppliers and buyers within the industry so I had 20 x 10-minute slots to meet with employers and convince them of exactly why REPs professionals are so fantastic before moving onto the next one. There is so much happening with REPs and SkillsActive at the moment that I find it hard to put it all into 10 minutes but it certainly keeps me on my toes! One of those developments is our new entry structure. This has been a real labour of love for all involved. The consultation process alone took more than a year but I hope that you will agree it offers clarity not only to those who work within the industry but also those outside it that we want to work with, for example the public and the medical profession. Jean-Ann Marnoch, Registrar

Technical Unit skills@skillsactive.com

Editorial

Publisher: Tor Davies, sportEX Editor: Sarah Joy, REPs sarah.joy@sportex.net

Advertising enquiries Telephone: 0845 652 1908 Email: reps@sportex.net

Design & Production Debbie Asher debbie@sportex.net

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sportEX (Centor Publishing Ltd) Contact: Tor Davies tor@sportex.net Telephone: 0845 652 1906 Website: www.sportex.net

04 05 08 10 13 15

Guest contributor - Dr John Searle Latest news from REPs Industry update – a roundup what’s going on in your industry Exercise news

18 22 24

Eat fit, keep fit – practical ways to make wise food choices Working in Fitness Survey 2009 Genetics – how genetic make-up can influence the effect of exercise

A look at the new REPs structure Marketing yourself through REPs

DISCLAIMER While every effort has been made to ensure that all information and data in this magazine is correct and compatible with national standards generally accepted at the time of publication, this magazine and any articles published in it are intended as general guidance and information for use by healthcare professionals only, and should not be relied upon as a basis for planning individual medical care or as a substitute for specialist medical advice in each individual case. To the extent permissible by law, the publisher, editors and contributors to this magazine accept no liability to any person for any loss, injury or damage howsoever incurred (including by negligence) as a consequence, whether directly or indirectly, of the use by any person of any of the contents of the magazine. Copyright subsists in all material in the publication. Centor Publishing Limited consents to certain features contained in this magazine marked (*) being copied for personal use or information only (including distribution to appropriate members of the public) provided a full reference to the source is shown. No other unauthorised reproduction, transmission or storage in any electronic retrieval system is permitted of any material contained in this publication in any form. The publishers give no endorsement for and accept no liability (howsoever arising) in connection with the supply or use of any goods or services purchased as a result of any advertisement appearing in this magazine.

www.exerciseregister.org

guest contributor

Spreading the word By John Searle, Chief Medical Officer for the FIA

Why would the Fitness Industry Association appoint a chief medical officer and what do I do? I guess the answers lie partly in my own story and partly in the developing strategy of the fitness sector. For 25 years I worked as a consultant in the NHS. I developed rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and had to give up medicine, which was devastating. Exercise became a vital part of the management of my RA to the extent that I wanted to make the benefits of exercise available to other people with RA and with other chronic diseases. So I went and qualified as a personal trainer - great fun as well as quite tough although the anatomy and physiology learnt many years before came in handy! For the last five years I have worked largely with people with a range of chronic diseases and never fail to be amazed at the ability of planned, structured, progressive, supervised exercise to transform their lives. From a strategic point of view the fitness sector is playing a crucial role in the government’s drive to get people active to promote health in the face of the rising levels of obesity and all the other diseases which are the product of the Western world’s affluent, sedentary lifestyle. Part of this strategy is to establish exercise as a routine part of the management of chronic disease and the lifestyles of older people. This is hugely important as the number of people over the age of 65 rises. And we are

not talking about a general increase in activity but in properly planned, delivered and supervised exercise because it is this which has been shown to confer real benefits on patients and older people. However, at the moment there is a wide gap between doctors and other health professionals who refer their patients for exercise and exercise professionals who deliver it. This gap has to be bridged if fitness professionals are to be regarded as a normal part of healthcare. That is the job the FIA has given me to do over the next three years. It is exciting and demanding and requires all of us in the sector to be on board in building good relationships with our local doctors and other health care professionals. ‘All of us’ of course, means not just trainers, instructors, clubs and operators but REPs, Skills Active and training providers because as exercise becomes a normal part of health care so we shall have to develop standards and training to meet these increasingly diverse needs. A crucial part of my job is working with everyone engaged in the fitness sector – and that is a huge pleasure.

“For the last five years I have worked largely with people with a range of chronic diseases and never fail to be amazed at the ability of planned, structured, progressive, supervised exercise to transform their lives” 04

The reps Journal 2009;15(Dec):4

reps news

Coming to a venue near you… Following the success of its string of conventions this year the REPs’ events team has planned more dates for 2010. The first will be a Welsh Convention to be held at the Esporta Health & Fitness Club in Cardiff on Friday 12th February. Keynote presentations include: l Strength and Conditioning expert Dr Jeremy Moody from the University of Wales Institute, Cardiff. l Updates from REPs and the Welsh Assembly Government. l Nutrition and obesity. Delegates will then be able to choose from eight workshops in the afternoon. Further conventions have also been planned for April, in the South East of England, June in Scotland, September – the National Convention at LIW in Birmingham and November in the North of England.

New guidelines on CPD requirements A new booklet entitled Continuing Professional Development - Guidelines for REPS Fitness Professionals will shortly be made available to members for download from the REPs website. CPD Compliance Manager Dottie Calderwood explains: “It is hoped that the guidelines will help our members to clarify issues surrounding CPD and give guidance on how to log their activities on-line. “CPD is a key aspect of the Register’s structure and we aim to do all we can to assist members to demonstrate their compliance.”

For more details visit www.exerciseregister.org

REPs welcomes new team-members

Two new members of staff have joined the REPs team. Rebecca Weissbort as its External Liaison Manager and Pauline Ward as Communications Officer.

REPs members work here REPs has commissioned special wall-plaques for gyms and health-clubs to hang in reception areas to promote to their clients that instructors working there are registered members. Registrar Jean-Ann Marnoch said: “We want members of the public to know that when they walk into a club they can be assured that their instructors are members of the Register. These plaques include the REPs Registered Instructor logo. It is our hope that the public will notice the plaques and begin to demand their instructor or trainer is a professional member of REPs.” www.exerciseregister.org

A popular presenter at REPs conventions, Rebecca has worked in the fitness industry for more than 18 years from instructor, personal trainer and senior manager through to instructor trainer and assessor. She specialises in Exercise Referral having set up her first scheme in 1994

for the London Borough of Islington, and several others including cardiac rehab and a national HIV referral system for Central YMCA. Rebecca has also sat on the panel of judges for the FIA’s FLAME awards and is the author of The Personal Trainers’ Handbook.

(IFI); Exercise Referral working with Fitness Wales and the Welsh Assembly; and the LDA project to up-skill hotel workers in conjunction with REPs and SkillsActive.

Pauline has worked in the fitness industry for 26 years - predominately in administration, she is also a qualified Studio Instructor teaching classes for her local leisure centre and in a community hall. She has been involved with the changes to the structure of qualifications and the introduction of the qualification framework.

Rebecca will be working with corporate clients to increase the level of service offered to those employers who ‘bulk buy’ registration places for their staff. Rebecca@exerciseregister.org

She project managed many pioneering initiatives including: the Inclusive Fitness Initiative

Pauline’s role at REPs will be to provide information, advice and guidance to its members and provide technical support for the administration team. info@exerciseregister.org

Helping to up your game SkillsActive, the sector skills council, for the fitness industry is holding a series of Performance Training workshops to help build business skills. Drawing on the principles of sports coaching and then applying them to a commercial setting it’s hoped the skills taught will lead to increased motivation and better business acumen.

Building bridges with the NHS REPs Registrar Jean-Ann Marnoch, FIA Chief Medical Officer Dr John Searle and CPD Compliance Manager Dottie Calderwood attended the annual NHS Employers Convention and Exhibition in Birmingham at the beginning of last month (November).

With greater numbers of fitness professionals than ever becoming self-employed, the need for effective business skills has never been more relevant. REPs members can take part in the one-day courses at a special delegate rate of £115 (inc. VAT). The fee for nonmembers is £143.75.

Jean-Ann explained: “With the government looking to our industry to help fight lifestyle illness and obesity, we wanted to meet with NHS employees and get them to think about how exercise professionals and healthcare professionals can work effectively and successfully together. Delegates were favourably surprised to learn about our roles and we are confident this is just the start of things to come.”

Tickets are still available for the following dates and venues: Thursday 14th January 2010, Castlewood House, London Thursday 21st January 2010, Sheffield United Football Club, Sheffield For further information, including booking details email, Amy Crabbe, Events Manager for SkillsActive on events@skillsactive.com or telephone 020 763 22027

Dottie added: “This visit coincided with our new leaflet describing the skills and competences of exercise referral professionals on the Register - we want the NHS to see our members as a significant resource in working towards the health agenda.”

stop press...stop press The Journal’s team is delighted to announce the Guest Contributor for Issue 16 (due out in March 2010) will be Double Olympic Gold Medallist and sporting champion Dame Kelly Holmes. Famed for her determination to succeed in life, talent on the athletics track and passion for exercise, Dame Kelly is also a great advocate of fitness for all. Encouraged to take up competitive

running by her PE teacher at the age of 12, she is particularly keen to encourage school children to get involved in sport and activities, She is currently President of the Commonwealth Games of England, chair of her own charity, the Dame Kelly Holmes Legacy Trust, and is mentoring talented young middle distance runners and their coaches through her ‘On Camp with Kelly’ initiative, supported by Aviva. For more info visit www.doublegold.co.uk

LIW update… More than 180 REPs members attended the national convention at LIW enjoying a series of keynote presentations – including talks by Journal contributors Dr Colin Moran and nutritionist Louise Sutton – as well as entry to the trade show itself where REPs had a stand. As well as meeting members and helping visitors to the stand Registrar Jean-Ann Marnoch also spoke at the Training Provider Forum and attended a series of meetings with employers.

and working with SkillsActive on new occupational standards.

She said: “My first official duties as REPs Registrar were at LIW last year – it’s incredible to think how much has happened in those 12 short months including a new logo, a new-look website, new Journal 06

“We are also forging ahead with our goals of increasing awareness of REPs and the role it is playing in helping to professionalise the fitness industry with the medical profession , among members of the public and with training providers and employers.”

The reps Journal 2009;15(Dec):5-7

reps news

REPS

e-news Tel: +44 (0)20 8686 6464

email: info@exerciseregister.org

web: www.exerciseregister.org

Fully interactive and totally yours As well as enjoying the new-look Journal most of you should have also received copies of the new-look monthly e-zine by now. This not only brings you the latest news, developments and trends from within the fitness industry it also contains job vacancies, reader-offers and competitions. But both REPs and sportEX, who produce the e-zine, would like to see it become even more interactive and representative of the interests of REPs members. So if there’s an issue you’d like to see raised, or a website you can recommend – either industry related or otherwise, or you’d like to review the latest equipment, training course or book then get in touch and let us know. If you haven’t received the e-zine make sure we’ve got a copy of your current email address to add you to the mailing list. tor@sportex.net

www.exerciseregister.org

Taking Army mapping forward REPs Registrar Jean-Ann Marnoch and CPD Compliance Manager Dottie Calderwood enjoyed a visit to the Army Physical Training Corps training establishment in Aldershot to give a presentation to soldiers on the All Arms Physical Training Instructor (AAPTI) course and to learn more about how the military train their instructors. Ex-Army officer Dottie said: “The military have a ‘can do’ ethos which is second to none but it was poignant to note that the students we presented to would be responsible for ensuring that service personnel were fit for role and indeed would serve with them whereever they were based.”

There are currently around 450 military instructors on the Register, and REPs and SkillsActive are now working with the Army to set out procedures to map the AAPTI course to the news standards. Jean-Ann added: “We’ve worked with the armed forces for a number of years and are looking forward to strengthening that relationship. REPs is committed to ensuring military PTI personnel are recognised, acknowledged and supported both internally and externally within the industry. Scoping work is already underway to take this project forward.”

SkillsActive, in partnership with REPs, has introduced a new Employer CPD Training Licence designed to help health and fitness employers and their staff boost their performance. The two-year Employer CPD Training Licence has been developed by SkillsActive in recognition of the increasing need for fitness employers to address skills gaps quickly and effectively. The licence allows employers to deliver in-house training, which also earns exercise professionals REPs’ Continuous Professional Development (CPD) points, as required for their membership. As well as allowing employers

SkillsActive launches new employer training license to deliver SkillsActive-endorsed courses at any time and date to suit their employees’ needs, the granting of a licence will allow employers to match content to training needs, skills gaps and business objectives and raise their level of in-house provision as they see fit. SkillsActive endorsement manager, Tom Bell, says: “As an employer, attaining a licence will save you time and money and most importantly, it will demonstrate to your employees that you are committed to their development, which in turn

FIA News Over the last year the Fitness Industry Association has taken significant steps to narrow the gap between the fitness sector and medical community. The FIA has appointed its first Chief Medical Officer (CMO), Dr John Searle OBE, who has built relationships with the British Medical Association and Royal Medical Colleges, and extended relationships with the Department of Health. Working closely with the Medical Royal Colleges has enabled the FIA to put the fitness sector in a prime position to access the expertise, which the medical community offers. The FIA is working to support the culture shift among healthcare providers and professionals towards wellbeing, and is driving the understanding of exercise as an integral treatment

can improve the performance and retention of your staff.” The licence will also bring new benefits to exercise professionals on the Register by enabling them to access timely training from their employer that meets their specific needs and which is recognised externally. For more information on the Employer Training Licence, visit http://bit.ly/4f26vm

FIA builds bridges with the medical community

for a range of long term and chronic conditions. One example of this trend can be seen by the work done by the Faculty of Sport and Exercise Medicine (FSEM), with whom the FIA will work closely to ensure that consultants do not just concentrate on professional sport but have a shared role in promoting exercise and fitness. Within the last year sport and exercise medicine has been recognised as a distinct and important medical speciality; the first batch of consultants will enter the medical community in the next few years. Skills Active has been leading the exercise community in the formation of standards for the treatment of chronic conditions, and the creation of REPs in 2002 shows the sector’s continuing commitment

to standards and professionalism. The extensive evidence surrounding the medical benefits of physical activity allows the FIA to push the industry forward in this arena, working to enhance the benefits that the fitness sector can bring to the medical community, including patient choice and improvements to public health. Dr Searle, was recently invited to speak to the Royal College of Physicians’ exercise referral group, highlighting the importance of both communities working together. He added, “We know that exercise is a crucial part of the management of chronic diseases but if this is to become a reality for all those who suffer, then both medical and fitness professionals must work together”.

National survey reveals public anxiety over body image A survey of people’s attitudes towards body image has revealed that 90% of those taking part believe we care too much about the way we look, and not enough about how healthy we are. Almost a quarter of those taking part admitted feeling depressed at some point about their body shape, and 90% believe advertisers should be using differing body sizes in their campaigns. The research commissioned by Central YMCA, the UK’s leading activity for health charity, also showed that: l 88% judge children to be under more pressure about their physical appearance than they were 20 years ago l 81% think that pupils in secondary school should be given an opportunity to discuss body image issues in schools l More than 50% feel body image issues should be addressed at a younger age (i.e. in primary school) l 77% believe airbrushed photographs should carry a warning Central YMCA is now calling for a debate about the use of airbrushing, including the proposed use of labeling for airbrushed images. In addition they are campaigning for resources to be made available to help children and young people discuss body image, including having lessons in school on body confidence and positive body image within the national curriculum.

The reps Journal 2009;15(Dec):8-9

industry news

EREPS news l EREPS has successfully completed its first year of operation and now has members in 20 different European countries and national registers are underway in the Netherlands, Sweden and Portugal. l Some interesting facts and figures are already emerging that show the average age of exercise professionals on EREPS is 34 years old and that there are many more men than women working in the industry at a ratio of 4:1 in some countries and 3:2 overall. l The operating principles

of EREPS are based on agreed pan-European standards, which are undergoing a review involving representatives from 10 different countries. This work will fix fitness qualifications firmly to the European Qualification Framework that will be fully implemented across all EU member states, including the UK, by the end of 2010. l The Lisbon Treaty has provision within it for the fitness industry to develop its own competencies - which is an invitation for the European industry to agree on the main job roles and their purpose. It will help to define more precisely how occupations in fitness fit

within the bigger picture and will provide commonality of training standards – through all vocational development and into higher education – right across Europe. l The European Health and Fitness Association (EHFA) has constituted a new Standards Council to oversee the development of this technical work which is chaired by Prof Alfonso Jiménez from Spain. This pioneering work will change the position of the fitness industry as it moves closer towards cooperating with other health professionals and government agencies across Europe. Levels of obesity and health–related diseases are a major concern and the fitness industry sees itself as an important part of the

process to get more people, more active, more often. l EREPS is also helping EHFA organise its third annual Fitness Forum, in Madrid in May 2010. For the first time this will include top-level technical and research sessions for exercise professionals alongside separate workshops for training providers and operators. Reebok and Les Mills International will help to host with special displays of their latest group exercises including the Circ du Soleil inspired Jukari.

ereps

European Register of Exercise Professionals

Dr John Searle, the FIA’s Chief Medical Officer and personal trainer (and OAP) asks -

Why bother with older people? Somehow working with older people doesn’t fit the cool, sexy image of personal training we sometimes have. However, there are six good reasons for doing so. First, there are lot of them! Currently 16% of the population are over 65, 12% are over 85 and these figures are rising steadily. Secondly, older people are a challenge. With age, aerobic capacity, muscle strength, motor function (balance, coordination, agility, speed and reaction time) and cognitive function all decline. Training a healthy 30 year old to run a marathon or increase their body mass and lose body fat is relatively easy compared to working with older people! Thirdly, regular, structured, supervised, moderate to high intensity exercise in older people works. While the ageing process cannot be reversed it can be slowed down and older people can achieve remarkable levels of fitness. Fourthly, older people are committed to training. They keep to the training programme, they want to progress and often the club becomes part of their social life. Fifthly, they are a ready market. Older people have the time to train, and many of them have the money to do it. Finally working with older people is fun! They have a massive life experience, stories to tell and wisdom to offer. They are courteous, punctual, pay the fees, are grateful and hugely rewarding to work with.

www.exerciseregister.org

news exercise update

research in brief l Eight-year-old children who drink full-fat milk every day have a lower BMI than those who seldom drink milk. This is not the case for children who often drink mediumfat or low-fat milk. This is one conclusion of a thesis presented at the Sahlgrenska Academy in Sweden. http://bit.ly/MilkMagic l According to research published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, there is evidence that a oneday on, one-day off fasting diet may be effective in both reducing weight as well as several risk factors associated with heart disease. The fasting day involved eating 25% less than a normal day’s intake but was a specially constructed diet to ensure a balanced intake of nutrients. Link to original research http://bit.ly/FastingDiet and more comprehensible Medical News Today version http://bit.ly/FastingDiet2 l Data published suggests the rapid rise in child obesity may be levelling off. The figures, produced by a team of independent experts based at Oxford University, looked at children’s overweight and obesity levels that have been forecast to 2020. Analysis using data from the past few years indicate a 17% drop in the forecasted number of overweight 2-11 year old girls and a 4% drop in the anticipated numbers of obese girls of the same age. In boys of the same age, the figures indicate a 5% drop in the forecast number of overweight and a 7% drop in the anticipated numbers of obese boys. Medical News Today http://bit.ly/ObesitySlows

Health at every size Most weight-control strategies emphasise energy-restricted diets and increased physical activity - and most are not effective over the long term. In a study of a “weightacceptance” intervention, published in the November 2009 issue of the Journal of the American Dietetic Association, researchers found that there could be long-term beneficial effects on certain eating behaviours using a weightacceptance intervention approach.

on a healthy lifestyle with an emphasis on size acceptance and non-dieting. In a study conducted by researchers from Laval University, Quebec , 144 premenopausal, overweight/obese women (48 in the HAES group, 48 in a social support group and 48 in the control group) participated in a randomised controlled trial. Measurements

In a shift from the traditional “weight-centred” approach to a more “health-centred” approach, a new weight paradigm called “Health-At-Every-Size” (HAES) argues that health is related to behaviours independently of body weight status. HAES approaches do not focus on weight loss and instead focus

of eating behaviours, appetite sensations, physical activities, metabolic and anthropometric profiles were made at the beginning of the study, at the end of the intervention period, and at 6 months and 1 year post-intervention. It was found that food intake in response to feelings and perceptions of hunger were significantly lower at 1 year follow-up in both the HAES and SS groups when compared to the control group. In addition, overconsumption of food in response to a variety of stimuli associated with a loss of control on food intake, was significantly lower at 1 year follow-up in the HAES group than in the control group. Source: Journal of the American Dietetic Association via Medical News Today http://bit.ly/HealthAtEverySize

Link between obesity and MS New research has investigated the possibility that teenage obesity may be linked with an increased risk of multiple sclerosis (MS) in women.

The results of the study, carried out by The Harvard School of Public Health and published in the scientific journal Neurology, examined information gathered from women who claimed they were

obese between the ages of 18 and 20 and linked a twofold increase in the risk of developing MS. Source: Neurology http://bit.ly/ObesityMS

juicy benefits A new study published in Nutrition Journal indicates that a mangosteen fruit juice, may be able to offer both a reduction in heart disease risk and diabetes risk as well as weight management. XanGo Juice, a drink based on the mangosteen fruit, has lowered levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), a chemical marker that measures inflammation in the body. A reduction in CRP indicates a reduction in risk of heart disease and diabetes. The study also suggests that the juice may play a role in weight reduction. Source: Nutrition Journal - http://bit.ly/MangosteenJuice

The reps Journal 2009;15(Dec):10-12

exercise update news

Obesity and pregnancy According to data from nearly 50,000 women, using assisted reproductive technology, obese women are a staggering 28% less likely to become pregnant and have a successful pregnancy. The findings, which also can be applied to women not using assisted technology, showed women who are simply overweight have a 14% less chance of a successful pregnancy. As part of the research, the team looked at the effect increasing body mass index had on a woman’s ability to become pregnant using assisted reproductive technology and how obesity affects pregnancy outcomes. They compared outcomes to women with normal body mass index (BMI of 18.5-24.9). Women were classified as overweight (BMI of 25 to 29.9), Class 1 obesity (3034.9), Class 2 (35-39.9) and Class 3 (40 or greater). Among the findings: l Women at Class 3 obesity were 35% less likely to become pregnant; Class 2 resulted in a 28% less chance; 9% for Class 1; and 3% for overweight women. l Of the obese women who were able to become pregnant, the odds of stillbirth were increased more than twofold. l Among live births, the odds of premature birth significantly paralleled increasing obesity: from 16% for overweight women to 34% for women at Class 3.

Researchers from Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center have found that yoga may be more effective than standard treatment for reducing chronic low back pain in minority populations. Published in November’s issue of Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine, the study recruited adults with chronic low back pain (CLBP) from two community health centres that serve racially diverse, low-income neighbourhoods of Boston. They were randomly assigned to either a standardized 12-week series of hatha yoga classes or standard treatment including doctor’s visits and medications.

www.exerciseregister.org

The paper’s author, Barbara Luke, a researcher in the MSU College of Human Medicine’s Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, said: “The results are not surprising; obesity is a state of inflammation and is not a good environment for conception or foetal development. The key message is to lose weight, prior to conception, and focus on pre-conception health issues. “If you are thinking about starting a family, get into the best physical shape possible.” Luke said. “Control the factors you can - such as drinking alcohol and smoking - and remember, body weight is just as important.” The significance of the findings was underlined when the author was also awarded one of only two Scientific Programme Prize Papers at the 2009 American Society of Reproductive Medicine international meeting in Atlanta, USA. The research was just one of nearly 900 abstracts. Source: Medical News Today http://bit.ly/ObesityPregnancy

Yoga for minorities with back pain The yoga group participated in 12 weekly 75-minute classes that included postures, breathing techniques, and meditation. Classes were taught by a team of registered yoga teachers and were limited to eight participants. A daily 30 minutes session at home was also strongly encouraged and participants were provided with an audio CD of the class, a handbook describing and depicting the exercises, a yoga mat, strap and block. Pain scores for the yoga participants decreased by one-third compared to the control group, which decreased

by only 5%. In addition, pain medication use in the control group did not change but yoga participants’ use of pain medicines decreased by 80%. Improvement in function

was also greater for yoga participants but was not statistically significant. Source: Medical News Today - http://bit.ly/ YogaMinorities

news exercise update

Activity boosts body image A study published in the September issue of the Journal of Health Psychology has revealed that just the simple act of exercise and not fitness itself can convince you that you look better. The study, which took place at the University of Florida, reveals that people who exercise, but donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t achieve workout milestones such as losing fat, gaining strength or boosting cardiovascular fitness, feel just as good about their bodies as their more athletic counterparts. It is the first study to systematically analyse the wide-ranging effects of exercise on body image. Source: Medical News Today http://bit.ly/ActiveBodies

Kick it with exercise also how quickly pictures of cigarettes could grab their attention, compared with non-smoking matched images.

Exercise can help smokers quit because it makes cigarettes less attractive according to a new study from the University of Exeter. The study shows for the first time that exercise can lessen the power of cigarettes and smoking-related images to tempt smokers. The study which was published in the journal, Addiction, involved 20 moderately heavy smokers, who had not smoked for 15 hours before the trial. The smokers visited the laboratory twice and on the first occasion were shown smoking-related and neutral images, and then spent either 15 minutes sitting or exercising on a stationary bike

at a moderate intensity. After this, they were again shown the images during which the research team used the latest eye tracking technology to measure and record their precise eye movements. They were able to show not only the length of time people looked at smoking-related images but

The study showed an 11% difference between the time the participants spent looking at the smokingrelated images after exercise, compared the period of sitting. Also, after exercise, participants took longer to look at smokingrelated images leading researchers to conclude that exercise appears to reduce the power of the smokingrelated images to grab visual attention. Source: Addiction http://bit.ly/KickIt or Medical News Today version http://bit.ly/KickIt2

The reps Journal 2009;15(Oct):10-12

reps new structure

New structure for REPs

Following a major consultation including two REPs’ member surveys and employer events around the UK the new structure was agreed at the SkillsActive Sport and Fitness Employers Group (SAFE) in January 2009. Since then work has continued to create the standards and qualifications that underpin it. Courses underpinning this new structure will not be available until April 2010.

Key features of the new REPs structure l The levels are linked to Government’s new Qualifications and Credit Framework (QCF) level descriptors. l The categories are entirely based on consultation, industry research and job roles in the industry. l The structure has taken account of international influences eg. European Health and Fitness Association standards. l National Occupational Standards (NOS) underpin all categories. l It aims to be an inclusive structure that recognises a wide range of fitness instructing skills. l The current 44 categories have been rationalised to 24 to: – Provide clarity to members, employers,

www.exerciseregister.org

In 2008/9 a major review of Education and Professional Development in the Fitness Industry took place including revising the REPs structure, industry standards and qualifications. Jean-Ann Marnoch explains more. the public and other stakeholders – Gain the understanding and subsequent confidence of the medical profession and the public.

How it will work for new members seeking to join the Register under the new structure l All instructors wishing to join the Register at level 2 will need to attain one or more of four specific level two categories. l All instructors wishing to join the Register at level 3 will need to attain one or more of the specific level 3 categories (EMDP, Yoga and Pilates are 3 separate categories). l All instructors at level 4 will be known as Specialist Instructors and will possess one or more of seven specific medical conditions categories.

LEVEL 2 Fitness instructors will be able to access REPs through four categories at level 2: Gym, Exercise to Music, Aqua and Physical Activity for Children, these will be the main entry points to REPs. l The content of Gym, Exercise to Music and Aqua will remain similar to the current format: l There will be core knowledge and skills common to all these categories known as ‘Mandatory units’ and category specific units e.g. in the context of Gym, Exercise to Music, Aqua and Physical Activity for Children. Key difference to current level two qualifications: l Additional basic knowledge of certain special populations will be added so that instructors can safely deal with a

wider range of clients in their mainstream sessions and classes on an occasional basis. The fourth level 2 category is Physical Activity for Children l This is one of the biggest changes to the structure. l Instructors qualified in Physical Activity for Children will be able to access REPs in this category without requiring Gym, Exercise to Music or Aqua. l There was broad support for this during the consultation and it shows the industry responding to Government priorities on childhood obesity. What does it mean for you if you are already on the Register at level 2? Currently nothing will change; your status will remain at level 2 on the Register. What does it mean for you if you already hold an awarding body ‘Instructing Children’ qualification? Those with the existing qualifications for instructing children will have to undertake additional training in order to gain entry to the Register with this category. This will include level 2 core fitness knowledge and mandatory units. For those already on REPs with the childrens qualifications nothing will change.

LEVEL 3 All categories at level 3 can be accessed directly from level 2. Like level 2, they will be based on core units common to all categories, known as ‘mandatory units’ and specialist discipline specific units. Key difference to current level 3 qualifications Fitness Instructor/ Personal Trainer l The Advanced Instructor category has been withdrawn so that the progression for level 2 Instructors is directly to any one category at level 3. This was because the SAFE group felt that while there was evidence that two job roles existed (Advanced Fitness Instructor and Personal Trainer) they required the same skills and knowledge and sets of standards at level 3. l Many employers stated that they

employ level 3 instructors who they do not class as personal trainers – this will be possible with the new REPs category of Fitness Instructor/ Personal Trainer – employers can choose what to call their staff.

l These categories do not require the pre-requisite of a level 2 qualification as the job role is at level 3 e.g. there is no level 2 job role in Pilates, it was agreed that all Pilates instructors were level 3.

What does it mean for you if you are already on the Register at level 3? Nothing, if you are currently a level 3 Advanced Fitness Instructor on the Register, your status will remain at level 3 Advanced Fitness Instructor. If you would like to upgrade to level 3 Fitness Instructor/Personal Trainer, there will be routes for you to do so.

LEVEL 4

Advanced Exercise to Music l Although there are not many REPs members holding this category at present it was felt useful to keep in the structure as a progression for level 2 Exercise to Music instructors. Key difference to current level 3 Exercise Referral qualifications Exercise Referral l An important change is the removal of the Advanced Instructor pre-requisite for level 2 instructors who wish solely to work in exercise referral. l Access to exercise referral will be possible directly from level 2. However this access WILL require completion of the level 3 mandatory/core units but it is likely that this additional content will be included as part of exercise referral qualifications. l If you complete the new Fitness Instructor/Personal Trainer qualification prior to getting the exercise referral unit you will have already met the mandatory/ core requirements and so will not need to repeat them as part of a separate exercise referral qualification. EMDP, Yoga, Pilates l EMDP applies to those disciplines which are part of the Exercise, Movement and Dance Partnership. Although this is one box in the structure, in reality it will include several separate categories – Fitness League, Medau, Keep Fit Association. l Pilates remains a category on the Register with Pilates using the Mandatory level three units as part of the syllabus. l No change to Yoga which will be reviewed in the coming year.

l The pre-requisites to access level 4 will continue and are detailed on the REPs website. l There are currently seven medical conditions at level 4, others may be added.

CPD ADDITIONAL CATEGORIES Older Adults Disability Antenatal and Postnatal Key difference to current level 3 qualifications l It was agreed that these additional categories could be accessed from level 2 or level 3 and due to the importance of these categories those holding these qualifications would gain recognition of this on their REPs card. l It will be necessary to hold a minimum of a level 2 nationally recognised qualification to access these categories.

REPs NON-INSTRUCTOR CATEGORIES Student l Student category has proven popular and is for students and employees working towards a fitness qualification that will give entry to REPs at level 2 or 3 OR those who have passed a level 1 assistant instructor qualification. Fitness Manager Fitness Tutor/ Assessor l This is a popular category and enables managers/tutors/assessors to have a relationship with REPs which is useful, particularly as we expect managers to insist their staff are on REPs and tutors/assessors to encourage REPs membership. This new structure will NOT affect existing members of the Register, no titles or categories will be taken away from current members.

The reps Journal 2009;15(Dec):13-15

reps new structure

AGREED NEW STRUCTURE FOR REPS Courses underpinning this new structure will not be available until April 2010 (Level 2)

(Level 3)

Gym

Fitness Instructor/ Personal Trainer

Exercise to Music

Advanced Exercise to Music

(Level 4) Specialist Instructor Cardiac disease Falls prevention Stroke Mental health Back pain

Aqua Physical Activity for Children

Exercise Referral EMDP, Yoga, Pilates

Obesity/diabetes Accelerated rehabilitation (military only)

CPD Additional Categories

Older adults

Disability

Ante/Post Natal

REPs Non-Instructor Categories

Student

www.exerciseregister.org

Fitness Manager

Fitness Tutor/ Assessor 15

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Welcome to Issue 15 of the REPs’ Journal. Firstly a big thank you tol all issue who have 15offered feedback about the new-look Journal. Response so far has been really positive but if there’s anything you think we could do to improve it do let us know.

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Secondly hello to all the members I’ve met over the past few months at our conferences and at LIW – it’s been a very busy time but I can’t tell you how exciting I find the buzz of these events. Even though work commitments mean I’ve had to put teaching classes to one side I always come away from our conventions feeling like I want to dig out my old class notes and start again!

The RegisTeR of exeRcise PRofessionals Third floor, 8-10 Crown Hill, Croydon, Surrey CR0 1RZ Telephone 020 8686 6464 www.exerciseregister.org Registrar Jean-Ann Marnoch Registration Manager Alison Frater alison@exerciseregister.org Programme manager & special projects Rob McGregor robbie@exerciseregister.org

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One of those developments is our new entry structure. This has been a real labour of love for all involved. The consultation process alone took more than a year but I hope that you will agree it offers clarity not only to those who work within the industry but also those outside it that we want to work with like the medical profession. Jean-ann Marnoch, Registrar

ediToRial

Publisher: Tor Davies, sportEX editor: Sarah Joy, REPs sarah.joy@sportex.net

New REPs REPs YNew structure O structure U Fit: INSEatEat R Fit:fit Keep Keep fit E Genes and Rand HE Genes T lifestyle choice Rlifestyle E 22 choice 24 Plus all

Those meetings also included a trip to SIBEC 2009 in Croatia. While the location was very glamorous the reality was a lot of hard work on behalf of the Register although it was quite good fun too. SIBEC is like a giant speed-dating event for suppliers and buyers within the industry so I had 20 x 10-minute slots to meet with employers and convince them of exactly why REPs’ professionals are so fantastic before moving onto the next one. There is so much happening with REPs and SkillsActive at the moment that I find it hard to put it all into 10 minutes but it certainly keeps me on my toes!

04 05 08 10 14 18

Guest contributor - John Searle Latest news from REPs Industry update – a roundup what’s going on in your industry Exercise news A look at the new REPs structure Eat fit, keep fit – practical ways to make wise food choices

Working in Fitness Survey 2009 Genetics – how genetic make-up can influence the effect of exercise

www.exerciseregister.org

Check out the media card online at http://bit.ly/REPsMediaCard3 for more information on member demographics, pricing and artwork specifications 16

Issue Mar 2010 Jun 2010 Sept 2010 Dec 2010 Mar 2011 Jun 2011

Booking deadline 22nd January 2010 23rd April 2010 23rd July 2010 22nd October 2010 21st January 2011 22nd April 2011

Artwork deadline 29th January 2010 30th April 2010 30th July 2010 29th October 2010 28th January 2011 29th April 2011

The reps Journal 2009;15(Dec):16-17

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l Look out for the next issue of the new-look REPs Journal. Issue 15 is being put together now - read on for a sneak preview of features and to find out how to advertise direct to the Register’s 28,000 members www.exerciseregister.org) l Tickets are selling fast to the REPs’ northern convention planned for Friday 20th November in Leeds. Highlights include keynote presentations on strength training for performance in sport and weight management and nutrition www.exerciseregister.org l The latest results of the 2009 Working in Fitness Survey have been collated and analysed by the SkillsActive Research Unit. A full breakdown of the findings be published in Issue 15 of the REPs Journal but Tel: +44 (0)20 8686 6464willemail: info@exerciseregister.org web: www.exerciseregister.org click here to find out more www.exerciseregister.org

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l More than half of school children in the UK are doing at least l September 2009 REPs journal published the three hoursjust of sport a week-according to a new survey carried out launch issue under the by new management activitySchools for the Department of forthe Children and Families health and sports medicine publishers, sportEX. The printed http://bit.ly/1tOEcX copy was posted last week and should be with youSkills veryCouncil for Active Leisure, Learning l SkillsActive - the Sector shortly, but you can also find an interactive online version and Well-being has been commended by the Government on its here with embedded videos animations sixth and anniversary http://bit.ly/Dc7Op http://bit.ly/REPsJournal14. We’d love to hear your feedback on these new developments - please visit http://bit.ly/REPsQ+A1 l Atten-tion! REPs Registrar Jean-Ann Marnoch and CPD Compliance Manager (and ex-Army officer) Dottie Calderwood visited the Army Physical Training Corps in Aldershot as part of a plan to map more military courses to civilian awards - www.exerciseregister.org l Rebecca joins REPs - Personal Trainer, senior manager, instructor trainer and assessor Rebecca Weissbort has joined the REPs team as its External Liaison Manager l www.exerciseregister.org Newly appointed Chief Medical Officer for the FIA Dr l Here to help Also joining REPs isMarnoch Pauline Ward John Searle and you REPs- Registrar Jean-Ann will who has been appointed She’ll be bringingbetween her 26 years of experience within the industry beCommunications meeting helping Officer. build working practices to her role which is to provide information, advice healthcare professionals and fitness instructors at anand guidance to members www.exerciseregister.org NHS employee convention www.exerciseregister.org l Latest studies show that exercise may help  ease fatigue experienced by patients undergoing chemotherapy treatments. Researchers also found improvements in respondents’ fitness, activity levels, l Nominate your coach - SkillsActive is seeking nominavitality emotional wellbeing http://bit.ly/RugJ tions and for the UK Coaching Awards. There are 8 categories

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for coaches plus five additional awards for organisations and bodies who support coaches http://bit.ly/48eXSb l Get yourself hired with an apprenticeship - Enjoying even more popularity than ever apprenticeships are fast becoming the way to forge a career within the sports and fitness industry - http://bit.ly/11WQoq

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Double Olympic gold medallist Rebecca Adlington was an AASE apprentice

WhAT you mAy hAvE miSSEd in PREviouS EmAilS… Sept 2009 REPs Journal – issue 14 – click here for to access the online interactive version with embedded videos and animations http://bit.ly/REPsJournal14. Highlights include: l Two chances to earn yourself a CPD point for answering just 3 questions l Roundup of health research and industry news l CPD articles on Nordic walking and The role of the fitness professional in body image l Physical Activity should be the cornerstone of 21st century health - Health Secretary Any Burnham has said the UK must move from We’d really appreciate your feedbackcandidates on the new-look journal so if youas haven’t relegation to play-off contenders he setfed outback his yet, please do so via the following link (there are only 4 questions!) – http:bit.ly/REPsQ+A1 vision for a fitter England - http://bit.ly/klWA5 l Extreme celebrity workouts can damage your health - Times fitness writer Peta Bee examines the latest exercise regimes to EvEnTS come out of Hollywood and advises on more realistic regimes l 18th november 2009 – The BHF’s National Centre for Physical Activity Conference http://bit.ly/1ihXNz 2009, East Midlands Conference Centre, Nottingham www.equity-events.co.uk/bhfnc09 l play free - The Daily Express new l 28-29th november Children 2009 – UK PTfor Business Boot Camp. Click outlines this link a for more info Government-backed scheme to get children exercising. The http://www.theptbusinessgym.com/pt-business-boot-camp/event/ scheme is offering free sessions at 74 play l 28-29th november Play4Life 2009 – The London Runningchildren Show. http://runningshow.co.uk/ centres across the UK - http://bit.ly/2H8SPZ

Industry news

Following the article in the Times on Monday 19th October entitled ‘Exercise? A fat lot of good that is for weight loss’ (click here for full article), the David Stalker, COO of the Fitness Industry Association has written a response to the Times expressing concern that the story confuses and unnecessarily misleads people into the belief that exercise is not helpful in weight loss. The response may be useful to you, should this issue be raised by your clients....

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Update from the industry Weight loss should not be the only measure of health and wellbeing. If it was the Exercise research update Holy Grail (as suggested by some researchers quoted in the article), then a severely Body image and the importance of the fitness professional (CPD) underweight adult or child would be considered healthy. The truth is eating the right food Nordic walking (CPD) and taking regular exercise should be that Holy Grail for every man, woman and child. Blood pressure client leaflet (printable) - see the animations in the interactive As a majorversion contributor to the wellbeing debate and a successful Government delivery l The diaphragm explained the animations the on interactive version partner, we believe that it-issee erroneous to focus in solely either food/’calories in’ or exercise/’calories out’. Every organisation, with a sincere interest in trying to help address Theproblems online version which contains a range animations and embedded videos, canbe be associated with our health timeofbomb, now agrees that the focus should accessed at the following linkofhttp://bit.ly/REPsJournal14 on promoting the benefits an integrated strategy which addresses both sides of the wellbeing equation, not on spurious monochromatic observations on a complex multiIf you’re interested coloured issue. in advertising please email reps@sportex.net and we will forward you media details. Everyone deserves the right to be heard, but sometimes the white noise can be distracting.

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ThiS monTh’S mEdiA hyPE

ThisHelen is theRumbelow’s inaugural issue ofarticle the new REPs journal underinthe tenure. If your recent on the role of exercise thesportEX fight against obesity membership is up toisdate, should have recently0ctober) receivedcorrectly a copy of the (‘Exercise?(and A fataddress) lot of good that if youyou want to lose weight’,19 journal, or it will be with you very shortly.inHighlights include:depression, heart disease, outlines the health benefits of exercise terms of reducing diabetes and a host of other lifestyle diseases, but it goes on to give credence to what manyeditorial believe are misleading andMP distracting propositions which undermine the hard work l Guest from Kate Hoey, of many parents, healthcare and exercise professionals. l REPs news

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We couldn’tWin produce the without the support of industry suppliers. Soquestions. we felt it only that weare create a space to Injournal each newsletter we’ll ask you four industry related The fit questions simple, quick, a brand onlyofrequire a single answer and so willfar: take youBlack less than two minutes to complete. say thank you(2nd to all those you who have contributed A+C Publishers, Central YMCA Qualifications, new Answer the questions at this link or by typing the jlT following URL intonordic your web browser diet Express, Educare Systems, Fit File Software, Fitness Wales, FitPro, insurance, Walking uk, generation) announce the winner in the next email newsletter so please northern iPod Fitness andhttp://bit.ly/REPsQuizSept09. Education, Pilates TrainingWe’ll Solutions, Primal Pictures, Somerset Skills & learning, make sure you make sure not to let us fall into the Spam folder! For more info on the new iPod shuffle YMCAfit Thump Boxing, shuffle which even talks to you - visit http://www.apple.com/uk/ipodshuffle/. (PS. youismust be a valid REPs member to be able to win). Thank you, your support really appreciated

RESOURCES RegisterRECOMMENDED of Exercise Professionals By yOU...

click title to link This to website email has 3rd and Floor,Fitness 8-10 Crown Hill,online Croydon, Surrey up CR0to1RZ been produced l BBC Health News - “great date resource” (recommended by by Joe Stevens) l Sports Fitness Hut Blog - “some really interesting debates on current topics” (recommended by anonymous member) l Runners World Channel- “Great resource of good quality information on youTube” (recommended by Tor Davies) l British Heart Foundation/Hearthealth - “They have some great free patient/client resources for free” (recommended by REPs collaboration team) If you’d like to suggest a link which has good practical information for REPs members, please email the link, along with your reason why it should be included to reps@sportex.net

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Eat fit: Keep Performance nutritionist Louise Sutton looks at practical ways in which you can help your clients make wise and healthy eating choices a way of life. By Louise Sutton, Nutritionist Good nutrition sounds simple in theory, but is often difficult to achieve in practice. Nutritional topics now feature regularly in our newspapers and magazines, on TV and in advertising. The advent of the Internet has provided yet another avenue to promote the latest nutritional products and celebrity diet fads. This increasing awareness of the role of nutrition in relation to health and fitness emphasises the importance of accurate information being available to those who seek it. Often misinterpretation or misleading representation of scientific studies confuses rather than enlightens us in our understanding of current nutritional principles and practice. Nutrition affects our general health status as well as our physical performance. Healthy eating and good nutritional practices, along with fitness, rose to prominence in the 1980s yet the prevalence of overweight and obesity has never been higher. The links between diet and exercise cannot be denied. Experts are agreed that exercise has a major role to play in disease prevention, and the contribution that diet can have to health and the prevention of disease is equally well recognised; and in that regard there should be no conflict between eating for health and eating for exercise. A sound knowledge of nutritional principles and their relationship to exercise performance has great value to the fitness professional in providing appropriate advice to their clients; but also in maintaining their own nutritional fitness to teach.

Healthy eating and regular exercise are inseparable in terms of total fitness. As fitness professionals you aim to provide safe, effective and enjoyable classes and training programmes. In doing so you may be approached by your clients to offer dietary advice. In fact most are probably motivated to exercise to manage their weight; whether to gain, lose or maintain weight. Although you are not qualified to provide detailed nutritional counselling you can give your clients general information on healthy eating and advise them to seek referral to a Registered Dietitian for a more detailed dietary assessment when required, such as in the case of queries over food intolerances and allergies. Clients will typically classify foods as good or bad, healthy or unhealthy, with many viewing healthy eating as somewhat of a hardship or chore. It is important to promote the message that there are no good or bad foods only good and bad uses of food, and it is better to look at the overall balance of food choices in the diet as either healthy or unhealthy. The Eatwell Plate is the model that has been adopted as the UKâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s National Food Guide. It was devised as a simplistic way of helping people to understand and enjoy healthy eating. It attempts to make healthy eating easier to implement by identifying the types and proportions of food groups required to achieve a healthy, balanced and varied diet. Whilst not applying to young children, this model applies to most people, including those engaging in regular physical activity programmes. Its key messages are to:

Fitness professionals are in a unique position, having the opportunity to influence the dietary habits of their clients alongside promoting increased physical activity and exercise participation.

lb ase all meals on starchy foods, opting for those that are of a wholegrain variety where possible l i nclude 5+ servings of fruit and/or vegetables each day l include milk and dairy foods, 3 servings daily lh ave smaller portions of meat or fish, and try alternative protein sources such as peas, beans, lentils and eggs l limit foods with a high fat or sugar content

As a fitness professional there are many potential benefits and dangers of providing dietary advice to your clients; this should always be undertaken in the context of safe professional practice. You should be clear about the limitations of your role and be aware when it is necessary to refer your clients on to their General Practitioner, Practice Nurse or a Registered Dietitian.

â&#x20AC;&#x153;Healthy eating and regular exercise are inseparable in terms of total fitnessâ&#x20AC;?

The reps Journal 2009;15(Dec):18-20

nutrition

fit â&#x20AC;&#x153;The specific cardiovascular benefits are extremely attractive to the fitness enthusiast and more conditioned athleteâ&#x20AC;? If you are offering nutritional advice to your clients, appropriately trained level 3 instructors can analyse nutritional needs and preferences, identify and agree nutritional advice compatible with this analysis and accepted good practice, taking account of national guidelines. In doing so you should seek and make use of credible sources of nutritional information and integrate the nutritional strategy effectively into the rest of the physical activity programme. You should ensure clients understand and follow the nutritional advice and evaluate and review client progress towards their nutritional goals, monitoring and refining nutritional goals within the physical activity programme where necessary. And of course you must work within professional role boundaries and know the appropriate procedures for referral to a State Registered Dietitian or other appropriately qualified health professional should this be required, such as disclosure of an eating disorder or poorly controlled diabetes. In my experience, from a healthy eating perspective, clients know what they should be doing; what they require is some support when they are not doing it. Exploring with them when, where and why they eat and broader factors that affect their food intake and choice may be more beneficial than time spent educating them on the healthy eating principles themselves. Busy schedules can make

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“From a healthy eating perspective, clients know what they should be doing; what they require is some support when they are not doing it” it impossible to eat regularly and follow traditional meal patterns. Skipping meals and leaving long gaps between eating can result in low blood sugar levels. Research has shown that adopting a “grazing” approach to eating keeps blood sugar levels steady, helping to maintain energy levels, avoid hunger and tiredness and aid weight control. Dividing daily food intake into 5 or 6 lighter meals or snacks provides the body with a steadier supply of energy and nutrients and food is easier to digest and absorb. When encouraging this approach it is important that meals are planned in advance to avoid getting caught out and grabbing foods with a high fat and sugar content. From a weight loss perspective despite the desire and need for quick results, it is within the bounds of good practice to encourage your clients to avoid dietary practices that: l Promise a quick fix and make claims that seem too good to be true l Promote avoidance or severe restriction of food groups l Promote a single or ‘few foods’ approach l Recommend eating only in a particular combination l Suggest weight loss beyond 1kg (2lbs) per week The sensible approach would be to encourage clients to: l Keep a diary and become more aware of eating habits l Watch portion sizes and snack food choices l Have regular meals, starting with breakfast l Plan ahead l Be realistic by attempting to make only 2-3 dietary changes at a time l Watch what they drink; many drinks, including alcohol, are source of unwanted calories l Enlist support…and accept occasional lapses Currently there is still a high level of conflicting advice available to your clients. It is vital that all parties with a genuine interest in health and fitness work together to promote consistent and evidence based healthy eating messages.

Are your clients sabotaging their efforts..? l Most dieters are looking for quick fixes rather than changing eating and exercise habits for life. Losing weight is actually relatively easy to achieve in the short term, it is long term maintenance of weight loss that is difficult. l Skipping meals is disastrous; it only leads to overeating at the next meal. l Dieters often deprive themselves of their favourite foods and then feel guilty when this results in bingeing on them. Remember there are no good and bad foods, only good and bad

uses of food and some that should feature daily in our diet and some that should be occasional foods; you don’t have to be a rocket scientist to figure out what these might be. l Allowances should be made for days when overindulgence cannot be avoided such as weddings, parties or meals out. l Falling into the ‘Fad Dieting’ trap; the more outlandish the claim the less likely it is to work long term. l Misled by reduced fat foods; these only have to contain 25% less fat than the standard product, so reduced fat mayonnaise is never going to be low fat mayonnaise. To earn the low fat tag a product must contain less than 5g of fat per 100g. l Scale hopping; standard bathroom scales do not differentiate between fat and muscle weight or daily fluid fluctuations. Remember….. l Encourage your clients to keep a food diary – this helps identify good and bad eating habits. l To offer advice and nutritional strategies in line with the Eatwell principles l To educate on portion sizes. l Planning ahead not only ensures clients meet their weekly requirements for servings of fruit, vegetable and dairy produce but also helps avoid impulsive eating. THE AUTHOR Louise Sutton, Performance Nutritionist - A fitness professional with a background in clinical dietetics, Louise has been a recipient of the Re-Energise Nutrition Awards Fitness Professional of the year award for her commitment to raising standards in nutrition education and training in the fitness industry. She currently manages the Carnegie Centre for Sports Performance and Wellbeing and can be contacted at l.sutton@leedsmet.ac.uk.

answer the following questions online to earn cpd points Please login to the members area of the REPs website to give your answers

Ideally how many servings of milk/dairy foods should people have each day?

a. 2 b. 3 c. 4

How many lighter meals or snacks should people be encouraged to take a day in order to prevent low blood sugar and sustain energy levels:

a. 3-4 b. 5-6 c. 7-8

a. 3 b. 4 c. 5

To be deemed a low fat food a product must contain less than how many grams of fat per 100g: NB. Do not attempt to answer the questions in the interactive version of this magazine

The reps Journal 2009;15(Dec):18-20

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By Liz Smith – Research Manager at SkillsActive The sixth annual Working in Fitness Survey has shown that overall, the fitness industry is showing signs of resilience to the current economic climate with a stable workforce and continued investment in training but there remains more to be done in terms of improving standards in the industry for low pay, and poor career progression. Developed by SkillsActive and the Register of Exercise Professionals (REPs) the Working in Fitness Survey 2009 was conducted between May and July, earlier this year. These findings are in line with the overall message coming out of the 2009 FIA State of the UK Fitness Industry Report released earlier this year that reported continued growth in the industry. In spite of the economic downturn, fourfifths of fitness workers were positive about remaining in the industry for a minimum of five years with Northern Ireland and Scotland particularly positive. This may reflect, in part, the stability of the industry in the face of the downturn but it also highlights the personal value the fitness workforce gain from their work and the organisations they work for. Three-quarters of UK fitness respondents were prepared to recommend the main organisation they worked for to a friend. Chains of private fitness clubs were less likely to receive a recommendation, with 36 per cent of workers not willing to refer them. Multi-sports clubs / centres and education and training establishments (e.g. universities) fared better (87 per cent and 89 per cent of workers, respectively, recommended them). An insight into what influences a recommendation is gleaned from examining levels of satisfaction. Figure 1 shows fitness employers are not currently meeting the expectations of their workforce in the two areas of promotion/career development and remuneration package. These two aspects are notably lower in those respondents who would not recommend their employer when compared to those who would. There is further evidence to support the findings of dissatisfaction with pay 22

Working in Fitness

Survey 2009 The SkillsActive Research unit takes a closer look at the study widely regarded as the most accurate snapshot of working conditions, pay scales and job satisfaction for fitness professionals .

Figure 1: Level of satisfaction and whether an employer would be recommended

and career prospects when examining the factors that would persuade people to leave the industry. Nearly half of the workforce reported low pay as a reason to leave (48 per cent) and better career prospects elsewhere was noted by 37 per cent. Low pay is particularly noted as a factor by those respondents with the shortest expectations of remaining in the industry; 86 per cent of those expecting to stay up to one year and 69 per cent of those expecting to stay up to three years identified low pay. The occupations most commonly citing a lack of remuneration were club / duty managers (69 per cent), studio or fitness managers / team or group leaders (63 per cent) and gym instructors (60 per cent). Gym instructors are the

lowest paid role earning under £13,000 whilst club / duty managers and studio or fitness managers earn an average £21,200 and £18,100, respectively. Just over one third of the workforce reported receiving a pay rise in the last 12 months, lower than the previous year where half had an increase. The majority saw no change in pay. The private sector had a notably low figure reporting a rise (only 22 per cent). Positively, factors such as leaving the industry due to an end of contract / redundancy was only reported by 14 per cent of the workforce and only seven per cent and five per cent of the self employed / freelance workers cited a lack of work or The reps Journal 2009;15(Dec):22-23

survey

Figure 2: Factors cited as reasons to leave the industry

rising costs, respectively. This is further indication of a stable industry during the economic downturn. A common concern in times of recession is that cut backs will be made in key areas such as training and development. However, the findings from Working in Fitness indicate this is not the case with a reported average six training days per worker consistent with previous years. Training spend did not increase this year with an average ÂŁ484 spent per trainee. This training is mainly funded by the trainee themselves (58 per cent) whilst just over one quarter (27 per cent) report employers paying for it all. The public sector and charity, voluntary and community sector are a lot more supportive with half and two-fifths of workers, respectively, receiving full employer support. The private sector workers, however, report mainly paying for their own training (72 per cent compared to 65 per cent last year). It is important that organisations continue Table 3: Who pays for the training undertaken by occupation

www.exerciseregister.org

to train their staff as results indicate there is a connection between staff development and the recommendation of an employer and also a link to the planned long term future of workers in the fitness industry. Nearly two-fifths of the workforce (37 per cent) who had undertaken no training would not recommend their employer whilst 81 per cent of staff who had spent 11 or more days training would refer their employer. This is further evidenced by the 46 per cent of workers who felt they had been given insufficient training and would not make a recommendation whilst 81 per cent of those receiving enough training would. Interestingly, as expectations on remaining in the industry rise so do the average training days received. Those who intend to stay for up to one year received an average 3.6 training days, up to three years received 4.6 training days, up to five years 4.7 days and more than five years 5.9 training days. Generally, management occupations receive a lot more support from their employer; 75 per cent of club / duty

managers, 64 per cent of exercise referral/ clinical exercise / active programme managers and 50 per cent of senior management have their training paid for. Overall, fewer trainees report employers contributing to training than was seen in the last two years, 27 per cent compared to 40 per cent in 2008 and 31 per cent in 2007. However, there has been a small improvement in the proportion of workers receiving enough training to do their job properly, 75 per cent are satisfied compared to 70 per cent last year leaving 17 per cent still reporting a problem. Only nine per cent of the workforce did not attend any training, lower than the proportion reporting a lack of training which suggests there may be a problem with the relevance of training or they felt they needed more training hours than they received. In summary, there is some evidence of a slow down in the industry with fewer workers reporting an increase in pay and static training spend but workers remain positive about their long-term future in the industry, the majority are still recommending the organisation they work for and the number of training days has not fallen. The public sector does appear to have more positive reports than the private sector and pay and career progression remain key factors for the workforce. The results of the Working in Fitness Survey 2009 can be found at www.skillsactive.com and more detail on salaries, training levels and satisfaction at an occupational level are in the full report. If you are interested in participating next year or have any comments about the findings please contact research@skillsactive.com THE AUTHOR Liz joined SkillsActive in December 2004. Her research career started at the South East England Regional Development Agency (SEEDA) as a Research Assistant and continued into the South East England Skills Research Unit â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Skills Insight where she developed her expertise in labour market intelligence. Liz now specialises in the active leisure and learning sector.

Do these genes make me look fat? We ask geneticist Dr Colin Moran to explain more about his research into how genetic make-up can influence the effects of exercise from person to person.

ore and more the barriers that define traditional research disciplines are being broken down. I trained as a geneticist but have spent most of my research life working with physiologists, sports scientists and nutritionists as they become increasingly intrigued by what genetics can tell them about their areas of interest. The spread of genetics into other areas of research has come on the back of the Human Genome Project. This was launched in 1986 with the first draft published fifteen years later. The (sequence) data generated by this project is like a recipe for building a human and shows that we are 99.9% similar to each other. This makes sense, as we are all humans, not cats, not dogs, not flowers, not bacteria and more similar to each other than to other forms of life. However, as technology improves and we sequence more and more individuals what is becoming clear is that the interesting bit is the 0.1%. This gives us different potential and contributes, along with the environment, to making us unique individuals. It gives us blue eyes or brown eyes, blonde hair or dark hair, makes us tall or short, fat or thin. It is this last one that interests me: I want to understand the influence of certain genes and exercise on obesity.

Obesity is on the increase, not just in the USA (Figure 1), but is a global epidemic. Many of your clients will be concerned about their weight and may wish to blame it on their ‘bad genes’. But what are ‘bad genes’? Genes (or more correctly ‘gene variants’ as we all share the same genes although for 0.1% of them we have different versions of them) that cause fat to stick to your clients thighs? Gene variants that force them to eat too much and shy away from exercise? That’s not as ridiculous as you might think. Imagine 200 years ago (Figure 2) in what we will call a ‘good environment’ for metabolic health, i.e. one in which there is not enough food and most people do some form of manual labour. First of all, take a group of individuals with modern day ‘good gene variants’, they will struggle to get enough energy from the little food that they get as their bodies burn it off so successfully, they will struggle to survive. Now take a group of individuals with modern day ‘bad gene variants’, they will get enough energy from the little food that they get and any extra their bodies will store very efficiently to be used only in times of hardship, they will find it much easier to survive. Now transport these two groups forward 200 years to our modern obesogenic environment, where for the first time

Gene environment interactions Year 1809 ‘good’ gene variants ‘bad’ gene variants

‘good’ environment

low risk lowish risk

Year 2009 ‘good’ gene variants ‘bad’ gene variants

Figure 1. Data from the Centres for Disease Control (CDC) Behavioural Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) showing changes in adult obesity rates in the USA by state.

‘bad’ environment

lowish risk high risk

Figure 2. Example of how gene-environment interactions may alter the risk of metabolic disease.

The reps Journal 2009;15(Dec):24-26

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in human history we have access to food 24 hours a day seven days a week. The first group, those with ‘good gene variants’ will burn off their energy efficiently protecting them from metabolic disease, however, the second group, those with ‘bad gene variants’ will continue to store extra energy very efficiently causing them to be overweight and ultimately leading to metabolic disease. This idea is known as the ‘thrifty gene hypothesis’ (Neel 1962). My research is concerned with what we call ‘complex genetics’, that is characteristics that cannot be explained by one thing, whether that’s one gene or one environmental factor such as diet or exercise regime. We must look at the influence of many genes and many lifestyle choices, and importantly how they interact with each other. Completing this task is many decades away, however, we can turn the question around now and ask how one particular gene and one environmental factor influence a complex characteristic, and how they interact with each other. CityAds.indd 1 I am interested in how much exercise people do and how this interacts with genetics to alter the amount of fat that people store. Put another way, I want to ask, ‘Is exercise as good for all of us?’ To do this we take a candidate gene led approach, where we start off with a gene of known function that could plausibly be involved in our characteristic of interest. For example, exercise increases levels of the catecholamines, adrenaline and noradrenaline, in the blood. The effects of the catecholamines are mediated by a gene known as the β-adrenergic receptor 2 (ADRB2 for short). Amongst the processes controlled by ADRB2 is lipolysis (the burning of fat). Crucially, ADRB2 is part of the 0.1% of the genome that varies between individuals.

“We must look at the influence of many genes and many lifestyle choices, and importantly how they interact with each other” Therefore we wanted to ask firstly, if the variation in ADRB2 affects fat storage, secondly, if exercise affects fat storage and thirdly, if they both do affect fat storage, does activity affect it differently in people with different versions of ADRB2. The short answer to these questions is yes, but apparently only in men. We know that DNA sequence variation in this gene affects weight because groups of males carrying different combinations of variants have average weight differences of up to 5kg. Activity levels also have an effect as active males carry 2.4 kg less weight than their sedentary counterparts. However, when we look at the effect of activity within the gene variant groups we find that those with two copies of the variant who are active carry 2.8 kg less weight than those with two copies of the variant who are sedentary. However, those with two conventional copies and who are active carry 1.8 kg MORE weight than those with two conventional copies who are sedentary.

THE AUTHOR Dr Colin Moran has a degree in genetics from Glasgow University and PhD in the genetics of fruit fly sexual behaviour from Leicester University. However, a life-long interest in sport (from table tennis to judo) meant, seven years ago when offered the chance to join a lab working on the genetics of athletic performance and obesity, he jumped at it.

This paradoxical result is most likely related to the anabolic effects of this gene with the extra weight being made up by muscle bulk rather than fat. However, it clearly demonstrates that exercise affects different people in different ways and that by understanding the interaction between genetics and exercise we might be able to predict who will benefit in what way from which types of exercise. It may be that some clients really do exercise in between session and don’t lose weight, although of course they are still gaining fitness and all the associated benefits. This area of research is in its infancy but will undoubtedly end up having consequences for fitness training and weight loss in the future. In the mean time, an empirical approach should be adopted, working out what is best for each individual by trial and error, whilst accepting that one size very rarely fits all. Neel, J. V. (1962). “Diabetes mellitus: a “thrifty” genotype rendered detrimental by “progress”?” Am J Hum Genet 14: 353-62.

answer the following questions online to earn cpd points Please login to the members area of the REPs website to give your answers

What is the name of the theory of good gene variants and bad gene variants? Is it:

a. The Thirsty Gene Hypothesis b. The Thrifty Gene Hypothesis c. The Hungry Gene Hypothesis

What are the two catecholamines in the blood that are raised by exercise: a. Adrenaline and Noradrenaline b. Adrenaline and Novadrenaline c. Adrenaline and Noxadrenaline

What is the name of the gene that mediates these? Is it: a. ADRB1 b. ADRB2 c. ADRB3

NB. Do not attempt to answer the questions in the interactive version of this magazine 26

The reps Journal 2009;15(Dec):24-26

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