Trader's Dispatch - November 2023

NOVEMBER 2023

Vol. XXIV No. 10 P.O. Box 997 Conrad, MT 59425-0997

Phone 406-271-5533 Fax 406-271-5727 website: tradersdispatch.com E-MAIL: advertising @ tradersdispatch.com

Apply now for SARE Farmer Rancher Grant

Application deadlines are approaching for a grant opportunity funded by the North Central Region – Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education (NCR-SARE) program.

The deadline for applications to NCR-SARE’s Farmer Rancher Grant program is December 7.

North Dakota State University Extension’s Lindy Berg, Jeff Gale and Karl Hoppe coordinate SARE in North Dakota. They, farmers and ranchers to apply for this grant opportunities.

The objective of the Farmer Rancher Grant Program is to provide agricultural producers with opportunities to solve problems on their operations through innovative sustainable agriculture practices and then share what they learn with others.

CONTINUED ON PAGE A2

Tax strategies webinar series

The Nebraska Women in Ag Program is excited to announce their upcoming webinar series, “Tax Strategies for Midwestern Farm and Ranch Women.” The series, hosted by the Women in Ag Extension Programs from the University of NebraskaLincoln, Kansas State University, and Purdue University will teach the basics of tax planning for agricultural operations.

This three-part series will be held from 6:30 p.m. – 8 p.m.

(CST) on November 28th, December 5th, and December 12th.

A comprehensive range of tax topics relevant to agricultural CONTINUED ON PAGE A2

UPCOMING AUCTIONS

Nov 14 - 21, Musser Bros Auctions & Real Estate, Fall Ag & Construction, Online....................................................................................................... A5 Nov 14 - 21, Kinsey Auctioneers & Real Estate, J & M Lumber Liquidation, Online....................................................................................................... A4 Nov 15, Booker Auction Co., Fall Northwest Farm, Online............................. A3 Nov 25, Collins Auction Service, Dick Neal Estate, Choteau MT................... A6 Nov 27 - 30, ReSource Auction, Handy Brothers Equipment, Online............ A7 Dec 2, Kevin Hill Auction Service, Tire Depot Retirement, Polson MT........... A8 Dec 4, RK Statement Auction, Golden Valley County Land, Billings MT...... A11 Dec 4 - 11, ReSource Auction, Commercial Real Estate, Online................. A10 Dec 4 - 11, ReSource Auction, Lebsock Welding Retirement, Online......... A13 Dec 16, Collins Auction Service, Consignment, Choteau MT........................ A6

PRODUCTION SALES

Nov 21, Heart of the Herd - Female Consignment Sale, Lewistown MT..... B23 Dec 2, Western Choice, Simmental & Sim Angus Female Sale, Billings MT....A9 Dec 9, Gaugler Angus, Judith Gap MT.......................................................... A12 Dec 15, Bobcat Angus, Great Falls MT......................................................... A17 Dec 16, Heart of the Hi-Line Female Sale, The Hanson Ranch, Box Elder MT...B23 Feb 3, 2024, Hill 70 Quantock Ranch, Lloydminster, AB CANADA............... A23

OTHER DATED EVENTS

Dec 5, North Central Montana Sheep Seminar, Conrad MT........................... A9

Pesticide applicator testing canceled in November

The commercial/non-commercial pesticide applicator license walk-in testing scheduled for November 29 at the University of Nebraska Panhandle Research, Extension, and Education Center has been cancelled.

The next testing for commercial/non-commercial pesticide applicator’s license will take place starting in January 2024 during the regular initial and recertification sessions. Dates for these sessions will be released soon. Go to the UNL Pesticide Safety Education Program website httpps://pested, unl. edu for these dates.

John Stiegelmeier, former coach at South Dakota State University, was the keynote speaker at the Montana Euipment Dealers Association annual conference held in Whitefish, Montana on October 4-5. Coach also gave a motivational presentation on “MAD, Make a Difference”.

Preparing farmers and ranchers to sell directly to schools

North Dakota State University Extension in partnership with the North Dakota Department of Agriculture and the North Dakota Department of Public Instruction will be hosting five Farm to School events across North Dakota in November and December. These events will provide farmers, ranchers and school districts with information and an opportunity to discuss the North Dakota Farm to School Program.

Participants will learn what foods North Dakota schools will purchase from local farmers and ranchers, how to sell to schools and how to reduce potential barriers.

Representatives from the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Public Instruction will be available to answer questions. Farmers and rancher also will have the opportunity to register for inclusion on the Department of Agriculture local foods map.

Travel reimbursement is available to attendees traveling 60 miles or more round trip. If you can’t make the event in person, two locations will offer a virtual option.

Refreshments will be served.

Registration is not required but highly encouraged.

Event dates and locations are: November 14 – 3:30 to 5 p.m. CST -Gladstone Inn, Jamestown Register at ndsu.ag/f2s1 November 20 – 6:30 to 8:30 p.m. CST – Williston Research Extension Center (virtual option available) Register at ndsu.ag/f2s2 November 21 – 6:30 to 8:30 p.m. MST – Dickinson Research Extension Center (virtual option available) Register at ndsu.ag/f2s3 December 5 – 10 a.m. to noon CST – Gateway to Science, Bismarck Register at ndsu.ag/f2s4 December 11 – 6:30 to 8:30 p.m. CST – Spirit Lake Casino and Resort Register at ndsu.ag/f2s5

PRIVATE TREATY

Kimmel Ranch Partnership, Turner MT.................... A6 McMurry Cattle, Herefords, Billings MT................... A4 Wyse Genetics, Manhattan MT............................... A10

ADVERTISING DEADLINE FOR DECEMBER ISSUE

Wednesday, November 29 Advertiser Index B1

Email: advertising@tradersdispatch.com

Recipe Patch A34

Website: www.tradersdispatch.com

Apply now for SARE Grant

Trader’s Dispatch November 2023 — Page A2

CONTINUED FROM FRONT PAGE

“NCR-SARE recognizes that farmers and ranchers have critical insight when it comes to improving their operations,” says Hoppe. “The Farmer Rancher Grant Program provides agricultural producers the opportunity to explore sustainable ways of increasing profits and improving quality of life.”

The Farmer Rancher Grant program provides up to $15,000 for one farm or $30,000 for two or more farms.

“SARE grants are very popular and competitive,” says Gale. “Reaching out to a SARE coordinator may help refine your idea to be more competitive.”

Visit https://northcentral.sare.org/grants/ for details about the grant programs or to submit a grant application.

CASCADE MACHINE & SUPPLY visit us on the web: www.cascademachineco.com 401 4th Avenue South • Great Falls, MT 59405

406-453-8100

Fort Benton Realty, LLC 1426 Front Street Fort Benton, MT 59442 2,600 Acres Pasture & CRP Land at Ledger, MT: NE of Conrad, MT with easy access on paved road just 4 miles E of Interstate 15. About 2 miles of Dry Fork Tributary of the Marias River runs through it providing ample water for livestock. Includes about 2,222 acres grass and 378 acres of CRP cropland with CRP contracts all expiring on 9-30-27 and together having a total annual payment of $15,900. About 493 acres of cropland are available and adjacent that could be added to this property for $800,000. Great Opportunity For Livestock and/ or Horse Operation with some extra income. Incredible Value For A Reasonable Price of $1,869,000! Call Broker Mark Pyrak today at 406-788-9280 or Broker Shane Ophus at 406-788-6662.

1,040 Acres Pasture & CRP Land: Located about 10 miles northeast of Power, MT near 8th Rd NE and 24th Lane NE, just north of this intersection. There’s 61 acres of CRP land, 293 acres of improved pasture, and 686 acres of native pasture. Includes home, shop, barn, grain bins & 320 acres State Lease pasture. Two reservoirs for livestock & wildlife water, and Tiber Water District provides domestic water. Good potential equestrian and/or livestock operation. Great value and reasonably priced at $925,000! For details, email or call Mark Pyrak at 406-788-9280 or markpyrak@gmail.com

Agent Dennis Franz at 406-788-1163 or Brokers Mark Pyrak at 406-788-9280 & Shane Ophus at 406-788-6662

406-622-3803 www.fbrealty.com

HOPPERS

Quality Hoppers for the American Farmer -Hoppers 14’ - 36’ Diameter -Engineer Stamped (Canada)

-Custom built for your brand and size of Bin -For new or used Grain Bins.

-We can arrange Delivery

sales@sunrisehopper.com PH: 1-403-393-2513 Installation Available through our USA Dealer network

WWW.SUNRISEHOPPER.COM

Tax strategies webinar series CONTINUED FROM FRONT PAGE

producers will be covered, including an introduction to income taxes, completing Schedule F forms, claiming deductions, tax strategies to shift income and lower tax bills, and compliance requirements. Participation in all three sessions is strongly encouraged to obtain the most information possible and to get participant questions answered.

Registration is required by November 27th for planning purposes and fees are associated with this program. More information and registration can be found online at the Nebraska Women in Ag website: https://wia.unl.edu/taxes.

Questions can be directed to Jessica Groskopf, Extension Educator and Director for the NE WIA Program (308-6321247; wia@unl.edu)

NE Pulse Crop Conference

Nebraska Extension is excited to host the 2023 Nebraska Pulse Crops Conference this fall on Monday, November 20th at the Prairie Winds Community Center (428 Main Street, Bridgeport, NE 69336) and again on Tuesday, November 21st at the Younes Conference Center (416 W. Talmadge Rd, Kearney, NE, 68845).

The conference will emphasize information pertaining to field peas, chickpeas, black-eyed peas, and other common pulse crops. Morning sessions will focus on agronomy and breeding of peas, soil nutrient management, and diseases.

Afternoon sessions will dig deeper into nutritional value and quality of pulse crops used as human foods, trade concerns, crop insurance, policy, and there will also be plenty of time for individual presentations from seed and food industry representatives. The event is free to attend but pre-registration is requested to ensure enough educational materials are provided.

Registration can be completed online https://unlcorexmuw.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_5BEP2qNouYgxyV8) and questions can be directed to the Panhandle Research, Extension, and Education Center (PREEC) at 308-632-1230.

THE TRADER’S DISPATCH (USPS 019-793)

NOVEMBER 2023 — Vol. XXIV No. 10 Published monthly by Trader’s Dispatch Inc., PO Box 997, Conrad, MT 59425-0997. Free on request to farmers, ranchers, heavy equipment owners and truckers in the Western United States.

Non-qualifying in-state annual subscription fee is $15.

Out-of-state nonqualifying U.S. annual subscription $25.

Periodicals Postage Paid at Conrad, MT and at additional mailing offices.

Deadline for December issue

Wednesday, November 29.

Postmaster: Send address changes to Trader’s Dispatch, PO Box 997, Conrad, MT 59425-0997 Jean Aaberg, production Geri Aaberg, circulation Kathy Peterson, ad layout Suzy Benzing, sales and ad layout

Office Phone 406-271-5533 e-mail: advertising@tradersdispatch.com

FAX 406-271-5727

www.tradersdispatch.com

Notice: Advertisers purchase space and circulation only. All property rights to any advertisements produced for the advertiser by Trader’s Dispatch, using artwork or typography furnished or arranged by Trader’s Dispatch shall be the property of Trader’s Dispatch. No such ad or any part thereof may be reproduced or assigned without the consent of Trader’s Dispatch. If camera ready copy is submitted, a PDF is preferred with all fonts embedded. All black type must be 100% black and color must be CMYK. WE CANNOT GUARANTEE PRINTING QUALITY on any ads sent in RGB and/or built on non-standard publishing programs, i/e, Word or Power Point. If the format is incorrect we may need to rebuild your ad. We have graphic designers available to build your ad, simply send us ad copy along with any photos you wish to include. Photos should be high resolution sent as JPGs. No thumbnail photos please.

CSP applications for the IRA climate smart effort

Agricultural producers and forest landowners looking to build on conservation efforts while strengthening their operation can now apply for technical and financial assistance through the Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP) for the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA). Producers interested in implementing conservation practices to improve natural resources on their private agricultural land have until November 29, 2023 to submit applications. Applications are accepted on a continual basis, so even if you miss the November 29th deadline, you can still apply. It is possible that there will be more funding opportunities in FY 2024.

The program focuses on climate-smart agriculture and forestry (CSAF) mitigation practices in Wyoming. Some of these eligible enhancements in Wyoming include soil health, cover crop, forest stand improvement, nutrient management, and prescribed grazing.

Producers must have farm records current with the Farm Service Agency and submit a complete program application to NRCS to be considered for financial assistance through CSP. Applications are accepted at all Wyoming NRCS offices located in USDA Service Centers across the state. To find out more information about CSP please visit the CSP webpage. To locate an NRCS field office near you, please visit the USDA Service Center webpage.

Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) Wyoming makes funding selections at specific times during the fiscal year. Additionally, existing CSP participants may have an opportunity to renew their contracts in the first half of the fifth year of their five-year contract. NRCS accepts applications for CSP at any time throughout the year. NRCS sets specific deadlines for ranking and funding opportunities.

USDA’s NRCS offers CSP in all 50 states and the Pacific and Caribbean areas through continuous signups. The program provides many benefits, including increased crop yields, decreased inputs, wildlife habitat improvements and increased resilience to adverse weather. CSP is for working lands, including cropland, pastureland, rangeland, nonindustrial private forest land and agricultural land under Indian tribe jurisdiction

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page A3

Advertising Deadline for the December 2023 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be November 29th.

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TREAT ‘EM RIGHT. LEARN MORE AT ALBAUGHSEEDTREATMENT.COM ©2023 Albaugh, LLC. All rights reserved. Albaugh and the Albaugh logo are registered trademarks of Albaugh, LLC. Always read and follow label restrictions, precautions and directions for use. Some products may not be registered for sale or use in all states or counties. Please check with your local extension service to ensure registration status.

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Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page A4

McMURRY CATTLE Added Genetic Balance Trait And Carcass Value ONLY THE BEST SELL Private Treaty Bull Sales

HP 406 254 1247 Fred & Doreen McMurry Cell 406 697 4040 2027 Iris Lane mcmurrycattle@gmail.com Billings, MT 59102 www.mcmurrycattle.com

Crop Production Report The USDA reported in its October 12 Crop Production Report that the average canola yield in North Dakota for the 2023 crop season was 1,790 pounds per acre, down slightly from 1,820 pounds per acre last year. Growers in the northern region of the state faced the most severe drought conditions since 2021. Record yields of canola were observed in southern areas of the state, with some growers reporting yields exceeding 3,500 pounds. With the bulk of canola acres in the northern region of the state, the drought pulled down yields compared to 2022. Total canola production in North Dakota will reach a new record of

3.4 billion pounds, up 4.7 percent from last year. This is based on a record 1.9 million harvested acres of canola in the state.

Montana canola yields suffered this year as that state had an average yield of 930 pounds per acre, down from 1,030 in 2022, while yields in Minnesota rose to an average of 2,500 pounds per acre, up from 2,410 pounds per acre last year.

Canola production in the U.S. is projected to be just over 4 billion pounds, up 4.9 percent, with an average yield per acre of 1,741 pounds, compared to 1,762 pounds per acre in 2022. Area harvested in the U.S. was 2.3 million acres, up from 2.168 last year.

Montana Hereford Breeders Anchor Polled Herefords 406-467-2880, Vaughn, MT

Beery’s Land & Livestock Co

J Bar E Ranch

406-765-7068, Plentywood, MT

K & C Herefords

406-979-5720, Vida, MT www.beeryherefords.com

406-240-9301, Deer Lodge, MT

Brownell Polled Herefords

406-584-7571, Lindsay, MT

406-788-3242, Pendroy, MT dave.brownell51@gmail.com

Double Bit Herefords

406-293-8185, Libby, MT www.doublebitherefords.com

Feddes Herefords

K.L. Slagsvold Herefords McMurry Cattle

406-254-1247, Billings, MT www.mcmurrycattle.com

Sparks Herefords

406-778-2320, Plevna, MT www.sparksherefords.com

Thomas Herefords

Dan 406-570-1602, Manhattan, MT www.feddes.com

406-544-1536, Gold Creek, MT

L Bar W Cattle Company

Wichman Herefords

406-425-2484, Absarokee, MT www.lbarw.com

406-350-3123, Moore, MT www.wichmanherefords.com

TIMED ONLINE-ONLY

COMPLETE LUMBER YARD LIQUIDATION

BID ON OR BEFORE: BEFORE: TUES., NOV 21ST • 12 NOON MST

Forklifts | New Lumber | New Doors | New Windows Display Shelving | New Insulation | And Much More!

BID ONLINE NOW!

Strip grazing annual forages in the fall: Is it worth the effort?

By Mary Drewnoski, Nebraska Extension Beef Systems Specialist and Erin Laborie, Nebraska Extension Educator offered once to twice a week.

After about 5 years of fall cover crop What we learned: grazing, one thing became apparent: the Strip grazing increases carrying capacamount of grazing achieved when we gave ity, allowing more grazing head days on cattle access to the whole field from the the same acres. On average, strip grazing start did not appear to be determined by the resulted in a 47% increase in grazing. This is amount of forage that was in the field. This due to less trampling losses as strip grazing was because the weather seemed to deterlost an estimated 9% vs. 57% for continuous mine how much trampling loss occurred. In grazing of forage. wet years, we harvested less than 15% of the When grazing growing calves, strip forage, and on average, we captured about grazing can result in more pounds of gain 30%. Thus, it seemed worth asking the quesper acre, and thus, a lower cost of gain. tion, “Would the extra forage captured with However, due to reduced forage selectivstrip grazing be worth the extra labor?” Over ity, individual animal gain can be slightly the past few years, we conducted a series of decreased (6 to 16%). on-farm experiments to evaluate the effects Higher quality forages like late-summer of strip grazing on harvest efficiency and planted cool-season species such as oats and cattle performance when utilizing various brassicas (rapeseed, turnips, etc.) seem to annual forage resources during the late fall offer more return when strip grazing. and winter. We had 5 cooperating producers Bottom line, strip grazing does take a that compared continuous grazing (giving little extra effort, but the extra grazing cacattle access to a whole field) vs. strip grazpacity can make it worth it. ing with a new allocation of forage being

PREVIEW:

Tuesday, November 14th • 3-5pm & Wednesday, November 15th • 3-5pm

The Real Estate has sold and everything must go!

Auctioneer: J.K. Kinsey, CAI, AMM, (406) 772-5812

Bid today at

KinseyAuction.com

A panel discussion with current legislators was part of the agenda at the Montana Equipment Dealers Association annual conference. Attendees discussed emerging issues for the equipment dealers in Montana.

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page A5

TIMED ONLINE ONLY

TUESDAY, NOV. 21ST

4350 NEIBAUER RD • BILLINGS, MT

MUSSER’S AUCTION CENTER

VIEW FULL LISTING ONLINE @ MBAUCTION.COM

(406) 652-2266

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page A6

BRED HEIFERS FOR SALE

400 bred heifers, black and red Angus.

Bred for 45 days to Jorgenson Black Angus bulls.

Ultrasounded into 2 cycles to start calving March 20.

Asking $2500 each Phone PJ Kimmel, (406) 301-2824

##### What do you call a dog who can do magic? A Labracadabrador. ##### What’s a pirate’s favorite letter? You’d think it was “R,” but it’s the “C” they love!

2nd Day Sale DICK NEAL ESTATE & GUEST CONSIGNOR NANCY GRAY

Saturday, November 25 Choteau Trading Post Building, 106 Main Ave. North, Choteau, MT Doors open at 8 am. Auction starts at 10 am - Food available Previews: Fridays, noon-7 pm

Remainder of Dick Neal Estate (Nov. 4 sale) Antique and vintage furniture, wood cook stoves, wildlife mounts, kitchen and household items. AND guest consignor: Nancy Gray

Saturday, December 16 Choteau Trading Post Building, 106 Main Ave. North, Choteau, MT Doors open at 8 am. Auction starts at 10 am - Food available Previews: Fridays, noon-7 pm

Consignment Auction: Turn you valuables into cash for the holidays or shop for last minute Christmas deals!

Consignments accepted Mon.-Fri., 10 am - 5 pm

Inventory will be posted online when available at: jerrycollinsauctions.com

DBL Sales and Service, LLC

US Dealer for K-Hart Direct Seeding Disc Drills Dave and Brock Linker • 6960 North Coffee Creek Rd, Coffee Creek, MT 59424

New K-Hart 8620 Gent Disc Opener

2016 John Deere 1890 60-ft, 7.5” spacing with liquid kit, extended wear boots. IAS full run blockage, fully loaded plus lots of aftermarket upgrades and extra parts.

Used Inventory Limited Call for info Retro fit row units for John Deere 1890 and 1895 disc drill.

K-Hart the easiest pulling drill on the market today.

NOW AVAILABLE:

Dave cell: 406-350-2266, home: 406-567-2632 Brock cell: 406-350-2886, home: 406-567-3633

Tribal Scholarships and Fellowships The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) announced two tribal higher education opportunities to train the next generation of agricultural professionals and strengthen ties with tribal higher education institutions. The USDA 1994 Tribal Scholars Program offers a fast-track career path with USDA, and the Terra Preta do Indio Tribal Faculty Fellowship engages tribal college faculty with USDA resources and research. These programs reflect USDA’s commitment to advance equity and remove barriers to service for tribal nations and encourage tribal workforce development. Today’s announcement also marks the 29th anniversary of the day legislation was signed to give tribal colleges land-grant status.

“Tribal land-grant colleges are central to empowering a workforce that better reflects our clients in agriculture, nutrition, food, development — and at USDA,” said Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack. “USDA is committed to making USDA programs and services more accessible to tribal colleges and universities and their students and faculty.”

New Four-Year Tuition Coverage for Tribal Scholars Program The USDA 1994 Tribal Scholars Program provides full tuition, fees, books, a housing stipend, and paid workforce training to any interested and eligible student pursuing degrees in agriculture, food, natural resource sciences, or related academic disciplines at a tribal college or university.

New this year, the tuition coverage can follow the student from a two-year associate program at a tribal college or university (TCU) to a four-year bachelor’s degree program (at a TCU or another land-grant institution). When the student has completed the scholarship requirements, including a paid internship, USDA may convert the student to a permanent USDA employee without further competition.

Eligible applicants include graduating high school seniors, full-time students currently enrolled at a 1994 land-grant tribal college or university, or recent TCU associate degree graduates. For FY 2024, 27 scholarship slots are available at: Agriculture Research Service, Farm Service Agency, Farm Production and Conservation, Forest Service, National Institute of Food and Agriculture, and Natural Resources Conservation Service.

The application deadline is December 1, 2023. Visit the USDA 1994 Tribal Scholars Program or email 1994@usda. gov for further information.

Terra Preta do Indio Tribal Faculty Fellowship Program This Faculty Fellowship program seeks to strengthen tribal college and university research capacity and introduce TCU faculty and staff to USDA programs and services. In June 2024, the Faculty Fellows will spend a week in Washington, D.C. to meet with USDA program leads, identify areas for collaboration, and learn more about USDA resources.

During a second week, they are placed at a USDA research facility that aligns with their academic research interests.

This year’s research collaborations will take place with USDA’s Agricultural Research Service, Forest Service, and the National Institute of Food and Agriculture. The Faculty Fellows return to their institution with new knowledge to benefit their community, cooperative research opportunities, and advance their tribal college land-grant mission of research, education, and extension. The application deadline is December 1, 2023. Learn more at USDA’s Tribal College Program website.

USDA and Tribal Colleges and Universities There are 36 federally recognized tribal colleges and universities designated as land-grant institutions through the Equity in Educational Land-Grant Status Act of 1994.

See what college partners are in Montana. They are centers of culture, education, and community for tribal nations.

USDA works with tribal colleges to help ensure equitable participation in USDA programs and services. These efforts include support for scholarships, internships, fellowships, research, classroom education, and extension (training and informal education with agricultural professionals and local communities).

Superdupont Satirizing French stereotypes, this 1972 French-made superhero is a snooty, mustachioed Frenchman who wears a beret, carries a baguette, drinks red wine, and smokes Gauloise cigarettes. He flies around foiling the schemes of an enemy organization called “Anti-France.”

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page A7

AUCTION ONLINE BIDDING ONLY

BIDS OPEN NOVEMBER 27; CLOSE NOVEMBER 30, 2023

HANDY BROTHERS EQUIPMENT AUCTION Wolf Point, Montana

THIS IS A LARGE AUCTION!

Ty & Wyatt Handy are updating & realigning their equipment needs as they continue their farm & cattle operation.

• Several Tractors and Loaders • Combines and Heads

• Balers, Haying and Forage Equipment • Air Seeders and Tillage

• Trucks and Trailers • Various Support Items • MUCH MUCH MORE!

FOR MORE INFO CONTACT: MINNESOTA STATE AUCTIONEERS ASSOCIATION

Resource Auction’s

Jake Pryor Biliske (218) 779-4411

MINNESOTA STATE AUCTIONEERS ASSOCIATION

Visit our Website for Complete Details!

View Complete Details, Additional Items, and More Photos at RESOURCEAUCTION.COM

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page A8

Apply for Reimagining Rural virtual gathering

Tire Depot Retirement Live/Online Auction

Saturday, December 2, 2023 - 10 am MST 55528 Highway 93, Polson, MT Preview: December 1 from noon to 6 pm

EQUIPMENT / VEHICLES

2005 Freightliner Sleeper Truck Classic XL Model D132064, Mileage Reads 263200 1994 Kenworth Aerocab Sleeper Truck, Chassis #646550, Mileages Reads 165224 1992 Kenworth Sleeper Truck Chassis #580990, Trans RTI 146093, Smaller Tank, Mileage Reads 642668, 1997 Freightliner Sleeper Truck Model D12005 T FLD120, Mileage Reads 315365, 1996 Freightliner Sleeper Truck Model N1060425 FL70, Volvo Sleeper Truck, Engine CUS ISM 370, 2005 Freightliner Sleeper Truck, Model CL120064S T C6120, 2005 Freightliner Sleeper Truck, Engine DDC60-14 455/490HP, 2002 Volvo Sleeper Truck, N14 435HP 2, No Motor, No Trans, VIN# 4V4NC9JH33N343256 CAT 225 Excavator w/Thumb, No Vin Plate or Hour Meter Located IH Dozer TD15 Series, Carco F-50 Winch, Blade Pin Broken, SN TD15BP21129, Reads 02590 Hrs GalionT-500 Series A Grader, 12’ Blade, Rear Ripper No Teeth, Reads 2412 Hrs, SN# T500AIC-03626 Chevrolet Kodiak Diesel 70 Dump Truck, Tandem Axle, Bed 15’x7’, Auto Trans, Mileage Reads 106788, 1996 Freightliner FL70 Day Cab/ Box Truck, 24’x8’x8’, 3000 Lift Gate, Mileage Reads 024354, GMC Custom Truck, 2 1/2 Ton, Gas, 5 Spd w/2 Spd Rear End, Bed 24’x8’x8’, Mileage Reads 46368 1983 Dodge RAM 3500 Custom Service Truck, 4 Spd, Gas, Electric Boom, Dually, Generator/Hydraulic, Mileage Reads 37761 1977 GMC 6000 V8 School Bus, 5 Spd, Ward School Bus Model RS29, Mileage Reads 87297, SN# 76533 1985 Ford 8000 Diesel Day Cab Semi Tractor, Automatic, Mileage Reads 146966,

1987 Ford Day Cab Semi Tractor, Yard Truck, Hyd 5th Wheel Lift, Cummins Diesel, Mileage Reads 0775798, 1976 IH Loadstar 1750 Day Cab Semi Tractor, 5 Spd w/2 Spd Rear End, Mileage Reads 089933, 1974 IH Loadstar 1800 2 1/2 Ton Truck, 5 Spd w/2 Spd Rear End, Bed 20’x8’x7’8”, Mileage Reads 048555, Ford F600 Truck, 15’ Flatbed w/ Winch, 5 Spd w/2Spd Rear End, Mileage Reads 67939, M-49 2 1/2 Ton, 6x6 Tank Truck 12’, Stock 1033, Tandem Axle, Model GA-D-54, Serial# 113206 Chevrolet C/50 Truck, 4 Spd w/2 Spd Rear End, 18’ Stock Rack w/ Dump Bed, Mileage Reads 46422, 1986 Chevrolet Silverado 30 Truck w/Utility Box, Auto, Cruise Control, Mileage Reads 15431 1974 GMC 6000 Truck w/Utility Box, V8 5 Spd, Mileage Reads 92707, VIN# TCE614V593595 Michigan Wheel Loader Model 75G-GM, No Hour Meter, SN# 435A-303-CAC Michigan Wheel Loader Model 125-GM, Reads 6714 Hrs, SN# 403A-589-CAC Dry Van Trailers- Full Operations Not Tested 25+/- 28’ to 53’ Dolly Trailer, Fixed Single Axle, Needs New Hitch To DOT Legal Material Sorting Bin/Sizer 20’x8’x8’, No Drive Motor, Custom Built, Never Used.

Branick Tire Cutter Model HDBTC/G, Gas/Hydraulic, Cuts Tires in Half.

Granutech Saturn Sidewall Cutter, 480V, 3 PH, Control Power 120V, SN# 28428-1101 Coats 950 Solid State Computer Balancer, Direct Drive, 240V, 20AMP, 1 PH Ingersoll Rand Air Compressor W/ Twin Model 2475 Two Stage Heads, 120 Gal, 175 PSIG, 200V, 3PH, 14.6 FLA, SN# 0508110042

Ford Boom Service Truck, 2 1/2 Ton, On Board Air Compressor, 5 Spd w/2 Spd Rear End, Dual Controls, Vin# F75FUF53481 1963 Pontiac Lemans 326 w/Original Block, Rope Drive Line, 15”-5 Lug Wheels, Trans by Trunk, Automatic, 63-227, Trim 216, Body PO 6570, ACC 2M-4B, Body by Fisher, $6500 Minimum Bid 1971 Oldsmobile Toronado, Interior Very Nice, Body Seems Good.

VIN#396571M708745,$6500 Minimum Bid 1989 International Container Truck, Model 9300 6x4 SBA WB252, Cummins Dsl, Fuller Trans, Tilt Bed, Pick Motor For Bed Broken Mounting Tabs, Mileage Reads 388090, VIN# ZHSFEABR8LCO39212 - SELLS W/O CONTAINER

MISCELLANEOUS

Pickup Tires- 17” thru 20”, Used Semi Truck Tires- Most New Old Heavy Steel Safe Work Bench Tables Dining Table & Chairs Desks, Entertainment Center, Work Lights File Cabinets, Bar Chairs, Bowflex Machine End Tables, Folding Tables, Lamps Fans, Tree Stand, Books, Toaster Oven TV Stand, Dresser Mirrors, Display Case Wardrobe Closet, Dressers, Chairs Steamer Trunk, Wood Bed Frame Crock Pot, Piano’s (2), Parlor Stove Metal Shelving

MORE INVENTORY BY SALE TIME!

See website for photos and more information

www.kevinhillauctions.com • kevin: 406-531-7927 Over 30 Years in Business - Proudly Serving Montana & Idaho

Montana State University Extension is accepting applications from rural Montana communities until December 15 to participate in Reimagining Rural, a three-part virtual gathering planned for January and February.

Reimagining Rural is a program that brings community members in towns across the state together for three evening events to hear speakers share their rural success stories and how to get things done in small towns. Following the talks, where members of local communities gather to listen to remote speakers, is a facilitated conversation about ideas that might work in their communities.

“Reimagining Rural brings fresh ideas to small towns that spark big ideas of what is possible for their future,” said Tara Mastel, MSU Extension community vitality associate specialist. “Everything about the program is specifically designed for small towns that are powered by volunteers.”

More than 48 communities across Montana have participated in the Reimagining Rural virtual gathering since it began in 2020.

“Participants come away inspired to start new projects and engage new volunteers to work toward a more vibrant future for their town,” Mastel said.

Sessions are planned for 6-8 p.m. on January 29, February 12 and February 26. The program is free, but communities must apply to participate. Applications are due December 15. To learn more or download the application, visit msuextension.org/communitydevelopment/reimagine-rural.html.

Reimagining Rural is made possible through a collaboration between MSU Extension and the Montana Community Foundation. Additional sponsorship opportunities are available to support rural community projects.

For more information, contact Mastel at tara.mastel@ montana.edu

Fall grazing of alfalfa

By Jerry Volesky, UNL Every fall, there can be some situations where there can be the potential to graze alfalfa. In some cases, the alfalfa may not have been big enough to warrant haying or maybe you have an alfalfa field that is adjacent to some cornstalks.

A side benefit is that grazing alfalfa in late fall or winter can reduce alfalfa weevil infestations by removing stems and plant parts that serve as a wintering site or a spring laying site for weevil eggs.

Even through late October and into November, alfalfa is still quite green, despite several nights with low temperatures in the twenties. There may be some wilting and yellowing, especially on the top, but most leaves still are attached to the plant stems.

The real question often being asked is “Can I be sure my cows won’t bloat if they graze my alfalfa?”. To be quite honest, you can never be 100 percent certain that alfalfa won’t cause bloat. Bloat occurs in ruminant livestock when gas produced during fermentation becomes trapped inside the rumen.

Bloat risk is much lower a week after a hard freeze that causes wilting. But always use good management methods to reduce the risk further. Have cows full before turning out to alfalfa. Wait until mid-day, after frost or dew is gone, before turning out. Provide other dry, palatable feeds or even bloat retardants. And keep a close eye on them for the first couple days.

Alfalfa can be grazed safely. Just be careful and realistic.

MWBC board set to meet The Montana Wheat and Barley Committee Board will meet on Monday, November 27th, 2023, in-person at the Montana Wheat & Barley Committee offices and via Zoom, beginning at 10:00am. The agenda is tentatively set to review budgets and to address general updates.

The public is invited to participate at the Montana Wheat and Barley Committee board meetings. To view an agenda for the meeting and learn more about the committee, visit the department’s website at montanawbc.com.

For information to join the meeting virtually or to request an agenda, please contact the Montana Wheat and Barley Committee at 406-761-7732 or by email at wbc@mt.gov.

DREC cattle reproductive strategies workshop Female estrus cycle and modification for estrus synchronization, artificial insemination, heifer development, winter grazing cover crops and cattle prices will be among the topics discussed at a reproductive strategies workshop on November 16, hosted by North Dakota State University’s Dickinson Research Extension Center (DREC).

The workshop begins at 8:30 a.m. and concludes at 3:30 p.m., MST, and will be emceed by Toby Stroh, Dickinson State University Department of Agriculture and Technical Studies.

The workshop will be held at Dickinson State University’s Agriculture Building Auditorium, Room 104, 400 State Ave., Dickinson, North Dakota.

The workshop agenda is: • Registration • Welcome and announcements - Douglas Landblom, DREC research specialist •Female estrus cycle and modification for estrus synchronization, Annette Steffan, Heart River Genetics, Belfield, North Dakota • Best management practices for successful artificial insemination - Shelby Rosasco, University of Wyoming (Zoom) • Is it worth it? The dollars and cents associated with estrus detection – Lacey Quail, Texas A&M University doctoral student (Zoom) • Replacement heifer development management experiences - Logan Behm, Beulah, North Dakota, Replacement Heifer Development Survey Participant • Lunch ##### An elderly man was addressing his ball when an announcement came over the loudspeaker stating, “Will the gentleman on hole number one please refrain from hitting from the ladies’ tee box?” The man stepped away, then readdressed the ball as the announcement came again, “Will the gentleman on hole number one please refrain from hitting from the ladies’ tee box?” The man once again stepped away, regained his composure, and then readdressed his shot for a third time when the announcement came again, “Will the gentleman on hole number one please refrain from hitting from the ladies’ tee box?”

The old man, now clearly frustrated, looked toward the loudspeaker and yelled, “Will you please stop interrupting me and let me hit my second shot?” ##### Astronauts visiting the Moon have left behind objects weighing about 500,000 pounds (226,796 kilograms) during these moon landings. Human material on the lunar surface includes spacecraft vehicles, food packets, and human waste.

• Using natural service and estrous synchronization: How to be successful - George A. Perry, Texas AgriLife Research & Extension Center, Overton, Texas; Joe C. Dalton, University of Idaho, (Zoom) • Effect of winter grazing cover crop, corn and sunflower residues, and stockpiled tame grass pastures on calving performance and economics - Songul Senturklu, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey; and Douglas Landblom, DREC research specialist • Cattle price situation, outlook and meat alternatives - Tim Petry, NDSU Extension livestock economist, • Single-TAI, delayed feedlot entry, and economics research update - Landblom • Beef producer heifer synchronization survey result update - Landblom • Managing the cow herd for fertility in limited feed environments in North Dakota - Eric Scholljegerdes, New Mexico State University (Zoom) • Speaker panel question and answer discussion - Toby Stroh, moderator • Closing comments and adjourn To register and learn more about the workshop, visit: ndsu.ag/reprostrategies.

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page A9

Deadline for advertising in the December 2023 issue is WEDNESDAY, November 29th.

ITEMS FOR SALE

Ford 4000 tractor with loader New Holland SDX1000 14-ft. haybine, swing tongue Phone Dave (406) 350-2266 or (406) 567-2632

North Central Montana Sheep Seminar ~sponsored by~

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Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page A10

IH TRUCK FOR SALE

2006 International 9400i, Cat C13, 430 hp, RTLO-18918B, Meritor RT-40-145P drive axles with rear locker, 236” wheelbase, 51” cab, 610,000 total highway miles, 200,000 miles on complete Cat overhaul, no DEF, Merritt cab guard/drom included. Nice truck.

Phone Roger Rader (406) 264-5475, Sun River, Montana

BLACK ANGUS BRED HEIFERS 90 head AI bred to CAR Legendary 026 reg #19940742, due January 20-25 38 head bull-bred to LBW calving ease sons of Sitz Logo, due February 10-16 9 head bull-bred to LBW calving ease sons of Sitz Logo, due in March

All heifers were Ultrasounded late July and were in big rough country.

Heifers are on killed reproductive vaccination program.

Will be retested prior to delivery.

50 head short term Black Angus April-May calvers bred to Hereford bulls Located between Park City and Columbus, Montana

Contact STEVE WYSE for more info 406-581-0302

Turn your used oil into FREE HEAT Tanks and transfer systems available

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VISIT OUR WEBSITE FOR MORE DETAILS, SUCH AS: • Property Size and Legal Description • Office Space • Square Footage of Building • Utilities • Overhead Door Sizes • Bidding Procedure and Much More

COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE AUCTION

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LEBSOCK WELDING INC, OWNER

Commercial Property in Fairview, MT (Property lies in ND) FOR MORE INFO CONTACT: Dennis Biliske (701) 215-2058

MINNESOTA STATE AUCTIONEERS ASSOCIATION

MINNESOTA STATE AUCTIONEERS ASSOCIATION

The Montana Farm Bureau Ag in Color Drawing Contest is underway for students in kindergarten through 6th grade. Teachers who participate in this contest must submit the drawings from their classroom directly to county Farm Bureau leaders.

The County Farm Bureau will select local winners to proceed to the state level of the contest. Entries will be judged on agricultural content, neatness, reproducibility and originality. There will be seven total state winners, one from each grade level. Judges will choose one drawing from the winners to receive the “Farm Bureau Proud” designation.

Winners will be notified in February.

The “Ag in Color” drawing contest is open to any Montana student enrolled in kindergarten through 6th grade. Entries will be accepted from classroom teachers, homeschool educators or parents. To enter, please submit student drawings to your local county Farm Bureau by December 1, 2023.

Cash prizes will be awarded to the student winners and the classroom teacher.

The categories are: Kindergarten- Farm Animals in Montana Grade 1- Grown in Montana Grade 2- Grains of Montana Grade 3- Cattle in Montana Grade 4- Noxious Weeds in Montana Grade 5- Safety on Montana Farms & Ranches Grade 6- Agricultural-related Careers in Montana Contest rules: Entries must be legible with clear printing on good quality paper.

Paper Size-- half letter/ a5 (5.5” by 8.5”) Landscape (no need for margin) Paper weight—Card stock is encouraged. Please use heavier than standard printer paper.

The student’s name, grade, school, teacher’s name, teacher’s email must be printed neatly on the back of the drawing.

Entries must be submitted to the local county Farm Bureau Secretary (contact list online) by Friday, December. 1.

See details, as well as corresponding lesson plans, at mfbf. org/Programs/MY-AG. Questions? Contact Rikki Swant, rikkis@mfbf.org.

Unit Cost of Production Workshops scheduled

cleanburn@shopspecialties.com

MINNESOTA STATE AUCTIONEERS ASSOCIATION

Ag In Color Drawing Contest open for 2023-2024

David Gorder (701) 739-1292

View Complete Details, Additional Items, and More Photos at RESOURCEAUCTION.COM

The Nebraska Extension will host Unit Cost of Production workshops in November and December to provide hands-on learning experiences for producers in calculating the unit cost of production for a cow-calf operation. The first workshop will be held on November 28 and 29 at the Middle Niobrara NRD, in Valentine, from 8:30 a.m. - 4 p.m. CST. The second workshop will be on December 5 and 6, at the 4-H Building in Kimball, from 8:30 a.m. - 4 p.m. MST. Pre-register one week in advance for both locations. Call the Nebraska Extension office in Cherry County at 402-376-1850 for the Valentine workshop or email Ryan Benjamin at ryan.benjamin@unl.edu. Call the Nebraska Extension office in Kimball at 308-235-3122 for the Kimball workshop or email Aaron Berger at aberger2@unl.edu. The workshop or each size is limited to 25 people. The cost is $85 and includes meals and materials for both days. Contact Aaron Berger at 308-235-3122 with questions about the workshops.

“Having information to make effective business decisions is important for ranch success. Enterprise analysis and unit cost of production (UCOP) are tools that can help ranchers identify where value is being created on the ranch, where costs are occurring, and what changes could be made to improve profit,” Berger said.

While it takes time to set up and calculate a UCOP, the benefits are: • Knowing what present costs are.

• Projecting what unit cost of production will be in 2024.

• Identifying opportunities to improve profitability.

• Using information to make management and marketing decisions.

Participants in this workshop will work through a sample ranch to determine the economic profitability of four common ranch enterprises: cow-calf, stockers/breeding heifers, hay, and land. They will go through the steps of analyzing costs and calculating what it costs to produce a unit of product for each enterprise. Participants will also learn how to identify how changes could improve ranch profitability.

NDSU Extension Master Gardener Program accepting applicants

If you love gardening and are community-minded, apply to become a North Dakota State University Extension Master Gardener. Convenient online training starts in 2024 offering a great learning experience for adults.

The Extension Master Gardener Program is a national volunteer service organization that works in cooperation with land-grant universities. The program trains and empowers volunteers to teach others how to garden, conserve natural resources such as pollinators, beautify communities and be leaders.

NDSU Extension is now accepting applications for the 2024 Extension Master Gardener Program. Accepted applicants will take a 40-hour volunteer training course designed to provide participants with the knowledge and skills necessary to complete volunteer projects.

The program hosts weekly classes from January 19 to March 22, 2024.

Course topics include vegetable and fruit production, soil health, composting, plant diseases and insects, annual and perennial flowers, tree selection and maintenance, landscape design, houseplants, and lawn maintenance. NDSU faculty and Extension personnel teach the classes.

“The 10-week training is designed to be flexible for both working individuals and for those wintering in other states,” says Esther McGinnis, NDSU Extension horticulturist and Extension Master Gardener director.

“Students can participate from their computers in the live Friday classes from 9 a.m. to noon (CST). Alternatively, students can watch the recorded lectures at their convenience. Students in Fargo have the option to be present in the NDSU campus classroom.”

Once participants complete the 40-hour training, they are known as Extension Master Gardener interns.

They must volunteer 48 hours of time during a twoyear period on horticultural projects in cooperation with NDSU Extension. After that, they will be certified Extension Master Gardener volunteers.

Potential volunteer projects include answering gardening questions, organizing horticultural workshops, teaching children to garden, growing fresh produce for food pantries, designing and maintaining pollinator gardens, and conducting citizen science projects.

The program fee for the ##### A grasshopper’s ears are found not on its head, but rather, on its belly.

2024 class has been reduced to $225 to make the class more accessible to individuals. A non-volunteer option is available for $450.

Seventeen North Dakota counties will be accepting a limited number of Extension Master Gardener applications. The application deadline is November 15.

Application forms and a list of counties that are accepting applications are available at ndsu.ag/mgcourse.

For more information, contact your NDSU Extension county office or McGinnis at esther.mcginnis@ndsu.edu.

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page A11

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4¼"H fully poseable worker, port-a-potty (5¾"H x 3"W) with 25 opening door, cement mixer that turns & tips, vibratory $ plate, wheelbarrow, 2 safety rails, bucket, broom, shovel and pick. All made of high impact plastic by Bruder, for ages 4 & up.

27

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page A12

Why Advertise in the Trader’s Dispatch?

Reason #1: We are Montana owned and operated, and have been for over 50 years!

Sioux Grain Bins are still available for this season!

We can now get steel hoppers for any bin and coated steel fertilizer bins Small Feed Bins - Large Capacity and everything in between

We are NEW dealer for Scafco bins and grain systems.

Emily Williams receiving the scholarship from Montana Cowgirls members Evelyn Hilt of Dutton and Kim O’Haire of Great Falls from the presentation at the High School Rodeo Finals in Great Falls this past June.

Montana Cowgirls Association scholarship

50+ Years Selling Quality Angus Bulls

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The Montana Cowgirls Association presented their annual $1000 scholarship to Emily Williams of Browning at the State High School Rodeo Finals held in Great Falls this past June. The criteria for the scholarship is: High school senior girl who has competed in high school rodeo in more than one event for at least three years.

Her high school GPA School activities in which she participated Full or part time work and A short essay regarding the Western way of life Emily graduated from Browning High School May of 2023 and is the daughter of Ashley and Sterling Williams of Browning.

The essay from her application was the deciding factor: “As I embark upon the next year of my life, I have decided to pursue an education by majoring in Agriculture Operations Technology at MSU-Northern and compete at the college level on their rodeo team. I have decided to follow the roots planted by those who have come before me. I come from an extensive background of ranchers and farmers who have made a living and have found happiness on the land.”

“As the wind blows hats off the heads of small cowboys, and the cold bites at the nose of late night calving hands, the harsh way of the West prospers in modern society. As the world continues to rush and bustle at its highest speed, the slow yet busy lifestyle of the cowboy remains timeless.

From its peak in the past century, the Western way of life has produced many tough characters. Rodeo has drawn the public’s eye and as such, created a modern fixation of the ability to live in the moment. I think it is important to create a positive light to shine upon western heritage. Social media and politics constantly fight again the production and efforts of agriculture but there is no better job, life, or action than to live honestly, free, and wild like the West promotes. I think it’s important for this way of life to prosper in the future in order to create level headed, honest, hardworking adults that will carry our generations to a better future.”

November is the Blood Month?

The Anglo-Saxons called the month of November “Blod Monath,” or blood month. It gained this name as it’s in November that they would traditionally slaughter cows to provide food for the long winter months.

Forag e Efficient!

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##### Octopus skin contains the same light-sensitive proteins as octopus eyes. This means its skin can “see” and respond to light without information from the eyes or brain. ##### One man with courage is a majority.

Ag producers income tax management program

A tax management program will be offered to ag producers and tax preparers from 1 to 4 p.m. CST on Thursday, Novemer 30, via Zoom.

The program, sponsored by North Dakota State University Extension, will be moderated by Ron Haugen, NDSU Extension farm management specialist. The program will feature presentations by Alan Gregerson, Internal Revenue Service; Russ Tweiten, Ag Country Farm Credit Services; Rob Holcomb, University of Minnesota Extension and North Dakota Tax Commissioner Brian Kroshus.

The program will provide an excellent opportunity for agricultural producers and tax preparers to learn and ask questions about tax management alternatives while there is still time to implement year-end tax management decisions.

Program topics include: Federal income tax update IRS update ND income tax update Identity theft and breaches Tax management upon retirement Net operating losses, like-kind exchanges Drought-forced livestock sales Qualified business income Tax planning for higher income years Preregistration is required by Monday, Nov. 27. The cost for the virtual program and materials is $15. To register, visit ndsu.ag/taxmanagement.

When registering, you must include an email to be able to attend the Zoom meeting. Registered attendees will receive the Zoom and materials link by email on Wednesday, Nov. 29. All participants will have the opportunity to ask questions via the chat box.

All program materials will be posted for downloading prior to the meeting. Continuing education credits will not be offered.

For additional information or questions, contact Paulann Haakenson at paulann.haakenson@ndsu.edu or 701-2317393.

##### No wonder my friend wrinkled her nose when she lifted her teacup to her lips. I made the pot of tea using my glass coffee pot. Not a good idea, dear God. We had a good laugh over the coffee flavored tea, and I made a fresh pot. I had a red face, I’m sure.

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page A13

Do you enjoy reading the Trader’s Dispatch? Have you found what you needed? Please, tell our advertisers!

HAY FOR SALE

100 ton irrigated barley hay. 1350 lb. bales.....$150/ton 80 ton grass hay, 1000 lb. bales......................$125/ton Phone (406) 622-5250 or (406) 621-0407

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LEBSOCK WELDING RETIREMENT AUCTION 501 N Interstate Ave E, Fairview, Montana 59221

Jay Lebsock is retiring after many years • Lathes and Milling Machines and Plasma Cutters of proudly serving the local community. •• Welders Fork Lifts Please note a line of very well-maintained • A Huge Assortment of Welding and Fabrication Tools, Small and Large industrial welding & fabrication tools.

FOR MORE INFO CONTACT: Resource Auction’s Jake Pryor Biliske

MINNESOTA STATE AUCTIONEERS ASSOCIATION

MINNESOTA STATE AUCTIONEERS ASSOCIATION

(218) 779-4411

View Complete Details, Additional Items, and More Photos at RESOURCEAUCTION.COM

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page A14

##### The Moon performs special wobbly movements as it rotates, called librations, allowing us to catch a glimpse of the dark side.

BRAND FOR SALE Cattle: Right Rib Horses: Right Shoulder

$2000 OBO

Call 406-265-0883

V

o r e u q a Forage Barley Highland Specialty Grains

Announces the release and availability of ‘Vaquero’ forage barley. ‘Vaquero’ is a hooded, spring-planted barley developed specifically to produce forage for livestock.

Vaquero is a nutritious, palatable, and economical forage that can be grown alone or in blends with other species. It is generally harvested as hay or silage.

‘Vaquero’ yields more forage, stands better, and is taller than Stockford.

‘Vaquero’ also produces well when compared to other forage barley varieties.

D SP L AN E C I

For more information contact

ALT Y

H I GH

Highland Specialty Grains, Inc., is the premier breeder of proprietary barley varieties in the western UnitedStates.

Brett Despain (509) 855-8277

For more information see the Highland Specialty Grains website:

highlandspecialtygrains.com TRADITION MEETS INNOVATION

Price 8005 Truck & E quipment H . 10 W -M , MT wy

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1999 Towmaster 30-ton ramp trailer.......................... $27,500

1999 International 4900 1310 flatbed, DT 530 engine, 9 speed, 88,000 miles.....................$18,000

2000 Ford F750 flatbed with 7500 lb. crane, Cummins, 6 speed.................$17,500

2002 Ford F550 4WD service truck, 3200 crane, welder and air compressor.........................$20,000

1999 Ford F550 service truck, 6000 lb. crane, 7.3 automatic, lube system...... ..............................$22,500

1999 Ford F550 plow truck, 4WD, 7.3 automatic, with dump box..............$18,000

1997 International truck 60-ft. bucket, 456 diesel, 8 speed....................$25,000

1998 Ford F800 service truck, 5000 lb. crane, Cummins..............$19,000

1999 Ford 550 4x4 flatbed, V10 gas motor, automatic.. ..............................$10,000

Fork lift forks

3 Sets of fork lift forks .................... $2200 or $750/set 3 Sets of fork lift forks ...................... $900 or $300/set

1996 Ford F350, V8, automatic, 13-ft. flatbed, 5000 lb 1989 International 41-ft. bucket truck, diesel, autocrane, outriggers............................................... $8000 matic.............................................................. $10,000 1989 Ford F450 utility truck, 11-ft. bed, 460, automatic. 1981 International 1800 4x4 flatbed, 14,000 lb knuckle .......................................................................... $2500 boom.............................................................. $12,500 1999 Ford F550 diesel, automatic, flatbed with lift 2006 Ford F650 ladder truck, needs a generator....... $17,500 gate................................................................... $9000 12-ft. flatbed, 3200 lb. IMT crane, air compressor.........

1999 Ford F550 4x4 flatbed, V10, automatic... $10,000 .......................................................................... $5000 1985 Ford F600 service truck, diesel, 5+2 speed, 8000 Maintainer service crane, 6000 lb...................... $6000 lb Auto Crane, compressor.............................$11,000 (11) 20-ton 24-ft. tilt bed trailers........... $7500 - $12,500 1994 Ford F600 service truck, diesel, 5+2 speed, 1999 Haulin 31-ft. flatbed (expands to 34-ft.), telescop6200# IMT crane, compressor, hydraulic outriggers... ic hitch and air brakes. Good for round bales $10,000 ....................................................................... $12,500 12-ton 22-ft. tilt bed trailer.................................... $6500 1985 Ford F700 4x4 service truck, IMT 5000 lb crane, 16-ft. flatbed dump with hoist............................... $3500 underhood air compressor, outriggers........... $15,000 1-ton utility beds, starting at................................. $1000 1992 Ford F700 diesel, 8 speed, 13.5-ft. flatbed, 5000 2 ton dump boxes, each...................................... $1000 lb crane, outriggers........................................ $10,000 Buckets for skid steer loaders.................................Call 1986 Ford F800 National 228 37-ft. crane, 14-ft. dump Forklift forks.............................................................Call bed................................................................. $10,000 16” to 36” augers.................................... $750 to $1750 1979 GMC chip truck........................................... $6500 Check us out on the web!

Virtual reality hunting tool to advance stewardship

By Kyle Spurr, UM News Service University of Montana student Aidan Sweet grabbed a hunting tag off an ATV, selected a rifle and range finder and walked down a trail in search of an elk.

But Sweet wasn’t on the open range, rather he was standing in an open room at last spring’s UM Media Arts Expo.

Sweet used a virtual reality headset to transport himself to a digital hunting ground. The hunting simulation was the creation of Sweet and a group of other UM game design and interactive media students.

“We wanted to develop a project where we can teach people safety and all the different facts about hunting, while keeping it fun within that 3D world,” said Sweet, a senior from Maple Valley, Washington.

The UM game design students were hired through a grant to UM from the Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation to create the interactive VR hunting tool, which will be used to teach new hunters at UM and other university classrooms.

The Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation’s interest in VR hunting is part of a larger collaborative effort to support hunting-based curriculum at UM, said Blake Henning, chief conservation officer at RMEF. The Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation has contributed about $300,000 to back educational hunting programs at UM, including the “Wild Sustenance” course that provides campus and field instruction at the Boone and Crockett Club’s 6,500-acre Theodore Roosevelt Memorial Ranch in Dupuyer. “Wild Sustenance” is offered within UM’s W.A. Franke College of Forestry and Conservation.

Henning has been impressed with the progress of the VR hunting tool. The students began work last year, completing the first level which teaches players how and when to shoot while hunting.

“I think that’s a great tool for teaching new hunters about what you are going to experience out there in the real world,” Henning said. “You are going to have to identify the animal.

You are going to have to get in a place to make a good shot.

You are going to have to target, understand the ballistics of your gun, the range. All those things.”

Joshua Millspaugh, UM’s Boone and Crockett Professor of Wildlife Conservation who co-instructs the “Wild Sustenance” course with Dr. Libby Metcalf, said the VR hunting tool will be another way to teach hunting, especially for students who are adept with technology. It will allow students to practice and gain confidence before ever going out to hunt, he said.

“This tool is very cool and another option for reducing barriers for new hunters,” Millspaugh said. “It’s intended to allow new hunters a safe environment before going into the field. It leverages technology and expertise at UM in appropriate ways.”

This semester, the group of UM game design students are working on the second level of the VR hunting tool which will feature how to dress and butcher an animal. Future levels will address trespassing, orienteering and other hunting topics.

Cora Lawrence, a UM game design student from Bigfork, is helping design the dressing and butchering level. The graphics are simple, but the level does show the reality of removing an animal’s joints and intestines.

Lawrence remembers hunting for the first time and feeling overwhelmed with harvesting a deer. Having a chance to test out those skills virtually is a great opportunity for new hunters, he said.

“I think it’s a good way to show people what hunting actually is,” Lawrence said. “We’re trying to express all of those things. And that includes this visceral aspect of hunting. It is not for everyone and it’s important to know that before you decide to go hunting.”

The game design group plans to unveil the second level at the Fall Media Arts Expo in December.

Sweet, who graduates after this fall semester and plans to pursue a career in game design, said sharing the latest version of the VR hunting tool will be a perfect way to end his time at UM. He is proud of the work he’s put into the game, including working on it over his summer break.

Sweet grew up hunting but it wasn’t easily accessible.

He hopes the VR tool will be helpful for UM students like himself who are from areas without access to hunting.

“We are trying to make hunting more accessible to people and show it to those who maybe don’t fully understand what hunting is about,” Sweet said. “It’s this virtual environment for them to try things out and learn about hunting and see if it’s something they are interested in.”

Avian Influenza confirmed in Glacier County

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page A15

PICKUP FOR SALE

1995 Dodge 3500 Cummins, 12V, 4x4, 5 speed manual transmission, 4:10 gears, 242K miles, mechanically sound.

The Department encourages all poultry On Tuesday, October 10th, 2023, the $12,000 producers to maintain strong biosecurity and Montana Department of Livestock (MDOL) For pictures and work receipts contact: immediately report sudden onset of illness confirmed Highly Pathogenic Avian InfluRob at (c) 303-921-3253 or high death loss in domestic poultry to Located in Laramie, Wyoming enza (HPAI) in a Glacier County poultry their veterinarian or the Department at (406flock. This is Montana’s 18 th affected 444-2976). If you find sick or dead wild flock linked to the ongoing national HPAI birds that have died from unknown causes, outbreak which began in early 2022. The please contact your local FWP Warden, Department is also awaiting confirmation Biologist or Regional office, or call the FWP of a backyard flock in Flathead County. The wildlife veterinarian (406-577-7880). last confirmed HPAI infection in Montana While HPAI is considered a potentially was April 2023. zoonotic disease, CDC continues to conThis HPAI variant is spread from migrasider the risk to people from wild birds, tory waterfowl and infections in domestic backyard flocks, and commercial poultry to poultry follow the spring and fall migrabe low. Public health recommends wearing tions. This pattern is consistent with degloves when handling dead poultry or wild tections in South Dakota, Idaho, and New birds and washing hands thoroughly after Jersey, as well as Canada and several other any contact with birds. countries, in the last 30 days as the fall miExisting safeguards to keep food safe gration is underway. In early September, in and wholesome are sufficient to protect anticipation of an increased risk of exposure people, and the food supply in the United associated with the fall migration, MDOL States is one of the safest in the world. As a reinstated guidance for poultry owners to reminder, the US Department of Agriculture house birds indoors to the extent possible recommends cooking poultry to 165 degrees and to avoid exposure to wild birds. DomesFahrenheit. tic poultry become infected through direct contact with infected wild birds, or through contact with contaminated objects, equipment, or the environment. This directive will remain in place until May 2024 pending the HPAI situation at that time.

Avian influenza is an infectious viral disease of birds that can cause high mortality rates in domestic flocks. Sick birds can exhibit numerous signs such Merhow Living Quarters Horse Trailers as swollen eyes, discolored Be sure to give us a call for more information, and stop in and see them yourself! comb and legs, or a sig20 Sapphire Lane - Great Falls, MT - Just off Highway 200 East nificant drop in egg production or water and feed consumption. However, the HI-Cube DT9620-24K dump trailer, spare tire, most consistent presentawireless remote, mesh tion has been sudden death tarp, 12K dual hydraulic of multiple birds within a jack, mud flaps, 7-ft. slide-in ladder flock. Samples from flocks ramps. with increased mortalities Belmont GNX40-30K gooseneck dual wheel deckover, ST235/85R16 E” tires, Stock # 09768 spare tire, high tensile engineered gooseneck and 16” main beam, large toolor unusual symptoms are Call for Price box with roll-up aluminum door, top compartment for winch or cargo control, submitted to the Montana mud flaps, LED lights, Ride Well air ride suspension. HOT SHOT trailer with Veterinary Diagnostic Laboload light and self-contained air ride with onboard air compressor. Stock # ratory (MVDL) and tested for the presence of avian influenza.

Infected flocks are placed under quarantine until the Department is sure that the premises is free of virus either through cleaning and disinfection or time.

Belmont GN24-16K gooseneck deckover trailer, spare tire wind up underbody, Flock owners whose birds Belmont GXD38-30K 102”x 38-ft. gooseneck dual wheel deckover with hymud flaps, full width wedge ramp, gooseneck top deck 7x8 wood floor, 12K are depopulated as part of draulic dovetail, 15K axles, high tensile engineered gooseneck and 16” main drop leg jack. Stock # 09743.......................................................... Call for Price beam, spare tire, large toolbox with roll-up aluminum door, top compartment the process are eligible to for winch or cargo control, LED lights. Stock # 09770 . ............. Call for Price receive indemnity from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA).

Depopulation of the Glacier County flock is underway.

In addition to restrictions Belmont DO820-10K deckover equipment trailer, spare tire & wind-up underon the affected flock, the body tire mount, 3-ft. adjustable beavertail with 5-ft. slide-in ladder ramps, Belmont DO920-14K deckover equipment trailer, spare tire & wind-up underDepartment will conduct 7K bolt on drop-leg jack. Stock # 09214...................................... Call for Price body tire mount, 4-ft. beavertail, full width wedge ramps, 12K bolt on drop disease surveillance of poulleg jack. Stock #: 09771 . ...............................................................Call for Price try premises within 20 km Also selling Storage Sheds and Animal Shelters Phone: of the affected premises.

406.401.0090

by Montana Shed Center Surveillance includes conWebsite: tact with premises to inquire qualitysales.us about any sick birds and Email: qualitysalesgf@gmail.com weekly sampling for premises that may sell poultry or poultry products.

COMING IN NOVEMBER!!!

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page A16

The deadline for advertising for the December 2023 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be November 29th.

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Higher inputs and interest rates impacting cow costs

By Aaron Berger, Nebraska Extension Beef Educator As the 2023 calendar year winds down, this is a good time for spring calving herds to look at what it cost them to produce a calf in the past year. What did it cost to run a cow on your operation this year? How do you calculate the costs?

How do you value raised feed, labor, equipment, as well as replacement females grown on the ranch? These questions are frequently asked when the conversation of annual cow costs comes up.

The Estimated Annual Cow Costs for Nebraska is a simple one-page sheet that producers can look at to compare their costs to and see the resulting total to produce a weaned calf under current market conditions in 2023. This budget values all feed at market value, as well as labor, equipment, capital investment and the market value of replacement heifers at weaning. The Center for Ag Profitability Cattle Budgets are another interactive budget tool that producers can download in Excel® and use to calculate their own cost of production based on their location and herd size in the state. Frequently, when either of these tools are used and all these costs are tallied, the total surprises many cow-calf producers. A response often heard after tallying up the numbers is, “Does it really cost that much?”

Feed In looking at this budget, feed is the first and largest cost.

For many cow-calf operations, grazed and harvested feed makes up 40 to 70% of annual cow costs. The market value for grazed feed and harvested feed was higher in 2023 as drought conditions, a harsh winter and inflation pushed hay and grass prices higher. In this budget, when all pasture and feed are valued at market price, including what is needed for replacement heifers and bulls, annual feed costs are almost $800 per cow unit!

Labor and Equipment Labor and equipment costs continue to increase. When labor is valued at what it would cost to hire someone to do the work and depreciation and expenses related to equipment ownership and operations are calculated, it frequently makes up 15 to 30% of the total annual cow costs. Equipment replacement, interest, repairs, maintenance, and operating expenses trended higher in 2023.

Cow Depreciation or Replacement Whether replacements are raised or purchased, the costs associated with getting a bred female into the herd are significant. The economic cost of getting a bred replacement into the herd in 2023 is much higher than it was in 2022.

When heifers are valued at market price at weaning and all costs from weaning to entering the herd as a bred female are calculated, this total frequently comes in as the third largest cost in a cow-calf budget. In a typical herd where open or old cows are sold and then replaced with bred heifers, the cost to do this often is 15 to 30% of total annual cow costs. A quick way to get an idea of the significance of cow depreciation is to look at the relationship between the market value of bred replacements coming into the herd in relation to the total value of cull cows leaving the herd as well as those that died. Assuming the cow herd keeps a constant head count, this value difference divided by the number of cows in the herd gives a current depreciation relationship value.

Interest Rates, Other Costs Increased Significantly in 2023 Interest, breeding, veterinary, marketing, and other costs often add up to 10 to 20% of total cow costs. While not as large as other cost categories, they still need to be monitored and analyzed. Interest rates are significantly higher than they were two years ago and that is impacting the cow-calf enterprise. The Bank Prime Loan Interest Rate reported by the St. Louis Federal Reserve as of July 27 of this year was 8.5%. This rate is what commercial banks typically charge customers that are deemed to be the lowest risk when making a loan. To put this in perspective, the reported prime loan rate from March of 2008 through July of 2022 was never higher than 5.5%. For several years during that period, it was 4% or less. The total amount of dollars needed for operating expenses in 2023 is higher due to inflation of input costs and the increasing value of replacement females. The interest rate on operating loans for most producers has doubled from what it was two years ago. More dollars need to be borrowed to operate and those dollars are being borrowed at a higher interest rate. Interest expenses as a percentage of total operating costs are significantly higher for many producers than they were just two years ago.

Would you like to get a better handle on what is happening in your operation with annual cow costs and your cost CONTINUED ON PAGE A20

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page A17

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Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page A18

EQUIPMENT FOR SALE

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2014 Custom built trailer, (2) 7000 lb. axles, 14-ft. deck with removable sides, flush mount tie downs, heavy duty ramps with under deck storage, rear jacks, spare tire, front storage box.............................. $5000

Call Scott Inbody at 406-531-2599 for more information Bobcat 60” box blade, 3-point mount.$850

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2006 Komatsu D61 PX-15, 6-way blade, 5888 hours...$60,000 Deere 850K.............................................................. $114,500

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2008 Deere 310SJ, 40% tires, smooth bucket on backhoe, front 4x1 bucket, extend-a-hoe, pilot controls on backhoe, powershift transmission, cab with heat/AC, 4x4. 5500 hours..................................................................... $53,900 Deere 310SG...................................................Call For Price

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Buying Your Used Machines John Deere 60G excavator, 2700 hours, new tracks, new bucket, blade, auxiliary hydraulics, hydraulic thumb......... .............................................................................. $62,900

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12,000 hours.......... $49,500 before going thru the shop Deere 130G......................................................Call For Price Deere 120C......................................................Call For Price Deere 50D enclosed cab..................................Call For Price 2012 Hitachi ZX120-3, wedge coupler, progressive link thumb, 36” bucket, backup camera, average undercarriage, 6007 hours. Good looking mid-model machine................... Call 2017 Bobcat E85 compact excavator.............................. Call 2015 Cat 303.5E mini excavator, open ROPS, front blade, hydraulic thumb to be installed, auxiliary hydraulics, pin grabber coupler, 3600 hours....................................... Call Komatsu PC88MR-10.....................................Call For Price

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Winter rate of gain and implant strategy

By Erin Laborie, Nebraska Extension Educator This article was originally featured in Progressive Cattle and is a summary of the 2023 Nebraska Beef Cattle Report, Timing of Implant Use in the Backgrounding System.

Winter backgrounding systems can vary greatly from backgrounding in a drylot to grazing cornstalks or native range. Calves winter-backgrounded at a low rate of gain typically experience compensatory gain during the summer grazing period. While this compensatory gain can be more cost-effective through reduced winter feed costs, it does not typically result in the heaviest body weight at the end of the summer grazing season. Some common questions that producers often have during this winter growing phase include: What is the optimum rate of gain?

What implant strategy should be used (and is on label with new reimplanting regulations) during the winter backgrounding and/or summer grazing phases?

How does winter rate of gain and implant strategy during the stocker/yearling phase influence finishing performance and carcass characteristics?

In an effort to evaluate the potential compensatory effects of winter rate of gain and implant strategy across the entire production system, a recent two-year study by the University of Nebraska addressed these questions.

Winter Rate of Gain Steer calves were backgrounded in a drylot for 148 days with a target rate of gain of either 1 lb/d (low rate of gain) or 2 lb/d (high rate of gain). The diet consisted of smooth bromegrass hay, modified distillers grains, and a supplement, which provided 200 mg/head daily of monensin. During the summer grazing period, steers rotationally grazed smooth bromegrass pasture for 56 days.

As expected, steers wintered at a low rate of gain had greater gains on grass due to compensatory gain. However, steers wintered at a high rate of gain maintained heavier body weights through the summer grazing period.

Implant Strategy Calves received one of three implant strategies, which are on-label reimplantation procedures: none, Revalor-G® during the summer grazing period, or Ralgro® during winter backgrounding and Revalor-G® during summer grazing.

All cattle were implanted with Revalor-XS® during the finishing phase.

For steers backgrounded at a low rate of gain, those that were not implanted compensated by 21 to 23% during summer grazing while those implanted with Ralgro® only compensated 9%. However, Ralgro® increased gains by 11.4% and resulted in an additional 26 lb of body weight at the end of the winter backgrounding phase. During the summer grazing period, the use of Revalor-G® increased gains by 17% regardless of winter rate of gain.

Finishing Performance Both winter rate of gain and implant strategy greatly influenced hot carcass weight (HCW). All cattle were targeted to be harvested at a common fat endpoint of 0.6 inches of backfat. During the finishing phase, there were no differences in gains, feed efficiency, or marbling scores, but steers wintered at a high rate of gain maintained heavier body weights and had greater HCW. For steers backgrounded at a low rate of gain, an additional 28 lb of HCW was attributed to Revalor-G® administered during summer grazing. For steers wintered at a high rate of gain, an additional 32 lb of HCW was attributed to Ralgro® administered during the backgrounding phase. The combination of a high winter rate of gain and implant during each production phase increased HCW by 75 lb.

Summary The use of implants improved cattle performance within each phase of production. Wintering calves at 2 lb daily gain increased final body weight and hot carcass weight. For cattle in a three-phase yearling system that are wintered at 1 lb daily gain, implanting at least during the summer grazing period can be beneficial. Cattle wintered at a high rate of gain can benefit from administering an implant during each phase of production. Winter rate of gain and implant strategy can have additive effects on improving performance throughout the entire production system. Cost of gain, value of additional weight gain, and timing of marketing should all be taken into consideration when determining target daily gains and implant strategies for growing cattle in wintering and summer grazing programs.

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page A19

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Higher inputs and interest rates impacting cow costs

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By Jonathan LaPorte, Michigan State University Extension There is an old saying that no two farms are exactly alike.

Some farms have experienced pandemic-driven disruptions and market volatility and found chances for profit. Other farms felt those same changes and endured financial distress. USDA is offering borrowers going through financial distress an opportunity for much needed assistance through the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA).

Cash Flow-Based Assistance is an ongoing program offered to USDA direct loan borrowers. It provides help with a recently missed or upcoming loan payment. The amount of aid is equal to the next loan payment due. Payments past due since August 1, 2022, or upcoming through January 15, 2024, can receive financial relief. As part of the Inflation Reduction Act, program aid is considered a one-time credit offered to help farms in their financial recovery.

Eligibility for cash flow-based assistance involves the following: Farms must be able to show they lack enough farm operating income to make their loan payment.

Analysis of a farm’s financial status is based on the current production cycle.

Cash flow analysis is only required to show farm-related income, to determine financial distress.

Assistance is only available if prior aid was not received through other IRA programs.

The focus on only farm-related income is a significant change in how USDA typically looks at cash flow analysis.

Traditionally, USDA considers both farm and non-farm income in repayment plans. For purposes of this program, only farm related income is required. USDA hopes that this will swiftly provide aid to farms where their income is unable to cover loan payments.

All USDA direct loan borrowers were mailed a letter on February 16, 2023, announcing the program. A follow-up letter was mailed on August 30 clarifying assistance criteria. Similar assistance was also announced in August for borrowers who have guaranteed loans. For more information on these programs, visit USDA’s Inflation Reduction Investment page.

Similar to other USDA programs, any payment aid is reported as taxable income. Borrowers are encouraged to speak with their tax advisors. USDA has tax-related resources available at farmers.gov/taxes. You can also reach out to a member of MSU Extension’s Farm Business Management team at: https://www.canr.msu.edu/farm_management/ experts.

Cash-Flow Based Assistance requests are due by December 31, 2023. Borrowers can submit their application in person at a local FSA office. They can also send requests through USDA’s assistance request portal. To access the portal, visit: farmers.gov/ira22006cashflow.

CONTINUED FROM PAGE A16

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of production? This fall unit cost of production workshops will be held in the Panhandle and Sandhills designed to help producers learn the skills needed to calculate cost of production numbers for their own operations. At these workshops, ranchers will learn how to perform an economic analysis of a ranch operation and see how different enterprises perform and interact with one another. Using an example ranch, participants work through the different costs associated with the most common enterprises found on a ranch. Past participants have indicated the knowledge gained and conversations that occurred prompted them to look at their operations and see the value of resources produced and used on the ranch in a new light.

Below are dates, locations, and contact information for pre-registration with the local host.

November 28 and 29 at Valentine: Location Middle Niobrara NRD Board Room, 8:30 am - 4 pm CST; contact Ryan Benajmin 402-376-1850 or ryan.benjamin@unl.edu.

December 5 and 6 at Kimball: Location Kimball County 4-H Building, 8:30 am - 4 pm MST; contact Aaron Berger 308-235-3122 or aberger2@unl.edu Cost is $85 per person and covers meals for both days.

Please pre-register one week prior for a meal count. Payment is due the day of the workshop. Workshops are limited to 25 people per location. Contact Aaron Berger at 308-235-3122 with questions about the workshops.

Fall grazing use influences spring forage production

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page A21

and Pasture Utilization” (https://tinyurl.

Monitoring grazing use in the fall has the com/NDSU-GrazingStick) to estimate the potential to significantly impact 2024 forage percent of entire plant weight removed. production. North Dakota State University “A general rule of thumb is to target Extension has found that heavy grazing use Dean Brandt Phil Gates 50% utilization by weight during a grazing in the fall can reduce forage production the (406) 899-4763 (406) 750-3071 period, as well as at the end of the grazing following growing season by over 50%. office: (406) 268-9614 season,” says Kevin Sedivec, NDSU Exten“As we transition into fall, it can be sion rangeland management specialist. “If tempting to keep cattle on pasture longer to email: mtmtlfab@gmail.com greater than 50% utilization occurs during stretch feed resources,” says Miranda Meea grazing period, plant recovery will be han, NDSU Extension livestock environslower, which means plants require a longer mental stewardship specialist. “However, recovery period between grazing events to this decision can have long-term impacts maintain their health.” on forage production and pasture health if High use of grasslands, especially in the overgrazed. Currently, nearly half (48%) of fall, can result in tiller mortality by either pastures in the state are reported as being in removal of the growing point or physiologifair or lower condition.” cal stress to cool-season grasses. If pastures Cool-season grasses dominate pastures in receive high grazing use, they must be given our region, which can make up 85% or more adequate time to recover and turnout should of the species composition. These coolbe delayed on these pastures in 2024. If season grasses develop tillers in the fall, pastures are not given time to recover, forand the development of these tillers has a age production and pasture condition will direct impact on plant growth the next year. decline.

“If livestock graze tillers below the grow“Monitoring pastures will be especially ing point in the fall (in between the bottom critical for those currently experiencing two leaves), they usually will not survive drought, as drought stress may increase tilthe winter,” says Meehan “If they do surler mortality,” says Sedivec. vive the winter, plant vigor (health) is low Badger hay wagon Contact the NDSU Extension agent in and forage production is reduced. Drought your county for assistance monitoring grazstress also affects the survival of fall tilPhone (406) 505-0295 ing use and reviewing your grazing plan. lers. Fall droughts either don’t allow buds to come out of dormancy, thus no new tiller growth, or cause death to those tillers that did grow. If tillers do not establish or survive the fall, a delay in growth and LIQUID - DRY - ANHYDROUS development will occur the following growing season “Your Crop as new tillers will need to Production develop in the spring.”

Specialist” Monitoring degree of use is one way to prevent negative impacts to developing Kremlin, MT tillers. The recommended utilization level for grasslands is 40% to 60%. At this level, rangeland utilization Wishing You All is fairly uniform, with 65% to 80% of the height of desirable forage species being grazed. Ranchers should remove livestock when utilization exceeds this level.

A NDSU Extension study found that pasture with greater than 80% forage utilization had delayed forage growth and reduced forage production by as much as The Staff at Ag Wise 57%. Read more about this study at ndsu.ag/grazinguse.

The NDSU Grazing Monitoring Stick can aid in monitoring forage utilization on range and pasture. The grazing monitoring stick does require an ungrazed area with similar forage species for comparison.

Here are the steps for using the grazing monitoring stick: A post emergent, systemic herbicide Calculate the percent of Free Form’s Generation II liquid tank the plant height removed by with no soil residual activity. is the perfect solution for eliminating dividing the grazed height It is generally non-selective and algae formation in water tanks. The UV light blocking black interior of the plant by the ungrazed coupled with the light reflecting white exterior give the Generation II height. Subtract this amount gives broad spectrum control of tank many advantages over conventional tanks. By reflecting the UV from 1. rays the exterior of the tank and it’s contents remain cool, this also many annual weeds, perennial Multiply this amount by prevents loss of strength that often caused black tanks to buckle when 100 to determine the percent weeds, woody brush and trees. fastened to trucks. of height removed.

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Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page A22

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By Randy Saner, Beef Systems Extension Educator Calves with blemishes are usually cut off when taken to a sale barn and sold for a reduced price. What can a producer do with these calves to add value?

First, let’s look at what determines price.

Genetic Characteristics Sex, Breed, Color, Muscling, Frame Size Management Characteristics Weight, Health, Horns, Condition Market Characteristics Lot Size, Weight Uniformity, Fill, Market Location, Time of Sale Market Conditions Fed cattle Price, Corn Price, Feeder Calf Price, Current Profits This year the cow numbers are lower and so is the calf crop, which will mean higher prices. However, with higherpriced calves, they will be sorted more for blemishes and color which usually drops those calves’ values.

What if we take those calves and background them or you feed them and direct market to relatives and friends. If you decide to feed calves the following are some things to think about.

Do I have the facilities to feed calves such as bunks or a self-feeder, pens with water availability, feed storage, Pens where cattle can get up out of the mud during the winter.

The ability to mix hay in the ration or a hay feeder.

Have cattle been vaccinated for good health during the feeding period?

Other things to consider: Have I done an enterprise analysis to see if this is a profitable enterprise?

Can I sell calves directly to people so I can use a custom plant and they pay the processing charges?

Or do I need to take it to a USDA-inspected plant so I can sell individual meat packages?

Am I good at marketing or is someone in the family good at marketing?

Should I take out Livestock Risk Protection on the calves to set my bottom price?

Do I know someone who is doing this already to learn from?

Selling these calves with blemishes or color differences could improve your profit if you follow some of the recommended steps. However, it could also be a complete disaster, unless you understand the risks and work to reduce them.

Traditionally, about one-half the value of beef is added after cattle leave the farm. Keeping those calves on the farm longer gives you the chance to retain more of the income for the same calf. Most calves with blemishes or differences in color won’t affect their quality of meat if fed right.

Range Beef Cow Symposium

By Karla Wilke, UNL Cow/Calf Systems and Stocker Management This year Colorado State University will be hosting the RBCS at the Ranch in Loveland, CO. The RBCS has been held every other year since 1969 and is hosted by South Dakota State University, Colorado State University, University of Wyoming, and University of Nebraska beef cattle extension.

The RBCS is a great place not only to hear the latest updates on topics of interest to the beef industry, but is also a great place to network with producers, industry leaders, and the vendors who make it happen.

This year’s agenda has some great topics and speakers including Marketing Feeder Calves with Darrell Peel, the newest research in Vitamin A requirements for the cowherd with Mary Drewnoski, panel discussions including topics like wolf reintroduction, and much more.

The vendors have always made this symposium possible and affordable for producers. Many vendors selling products and services will be available to visit with conference participants. There will be a wide range of industry professionals there to visit with producers about animal health products, feed, equipment, genetics, finances, products, and more.

For more details on the agenda, registration, and hotels, please visit https://rangebeefcowsymposium.com

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page A23

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Take precautions against toxicity of sorghum forages

Temperatures are trending down across the Northern Plains and will fluctuate up and down as we head closer to winter. These temperature fluctuations cause stress on sorghum plants, which can lead to toxicity issues for livestock.

“The sorghum family of plants contains hydrocyanic acid (prussic acid) attached to a molecule of dhurrin,” says James Rogers, North Dakota State University Extension forage systems specialist. “The dhurrin molecule releases prussic acid when the plant is stressed. Stress factors, including drought, grazing, chemical applications and frost, can crush plant cells or cause them to rupture, triggering an enzymatic reaction and a release of prussic acid. When prussic acid develops, concentrations are highest in new, rapidly growing leaf tissue, and higher in leaves than stems, creating a hazard for grazing cattle.”

Once ingested by the animal, prussic acid blocks body cells from receiving oxygen. At this time of year, a light but not killing frost can cause the plant growth to cease but not kill the plant crown. The root crown then can still produce new shoots that can contain high levels of prussic acid.

“Cattle can detoxify a high percentage of low-level prussic acid exposure, but the high concentrations found in fresh regrowth following a stress period greatly increase risk,” says Karl Hoppe, NDSU Extension livestock systems specialist.

“If cattle are grazing sorghum forages and frost warnings are in the forecast, ranchers should remove cattle until after a killing frost has completely killed the plant and residual growth has fully dried down. Complete dry down will usually take a week or more, depending on drying conditions. After the sorghums have completely dried down, ranchers can turn out cattle to graze out the sorghum as a standing hay crop.”

When sorghum plants are cut for hay, any prussic acid that might have been present at the time of cutting dissipates as the hay dries. The same is true for sorghums that have gone through an ensiling process. Prussic acid dissipates by the time the ensiling process has been completed. After sorghum has been ensiled, wait for a period of three weeks before feeding, Rogers says. This will give time for the ensiling process to complete and prussic acid to dissipate if it were present.

Fall can also be a period for increased accumulation of nitrates in sorghums. Following a hay harvest or grazing, the cool, cloudy temperatures typical of fall can cause nitrate accumulation in sorghum regrowth. Nitrate accumulation is highest in the stems of the plants rather than leaves, which is the opposite of prussic acid. Unlike with prussic acid, drying the forage for hay will not eliminate high levels of nitrate. Ensiling reduces levels by up to 50%, but if the initial nitrate level is high, even a 50% reduction may not reduce the concentrations to a safe feeding level for all livestock.

Nitrate levels can be determined through testing, and test results can help ranchers develop management strategies for feeding. Contact your local NDSU Extension agent for information on free testing options.

Rogers and Hoppe recommend management strategies that can reduce the risks of grazing sorghums during periods of plant stress and potential prussic acid production.

Avoid grazing sorghums following a period of light frost.

Wait 7 to 10 days or more before grazing.

If new shoot growth begins following a light frost, avoid grazing until regrowth is 18 to 24 inches tall or after a killing frost.

Wait 7 to 10 days or more following a killing frost to allow time for prussic acid dissipation. Once the plants have completely dried, grazing can resume.

Never turn hungry cattle on sorghums.

Harvesting sorghum as hay or silage reduces prussic acid concentrations.

“Fall is a beautiful time of the year but it can cause stress on the sorghum family of forages,” says Rogers. “These plant stressors can lead to the development of prussic acid and/or nitrate accumulation. This is a cautionary tale, be aware of the conditions that can cause these anti-quality issues to develop and management strategies to overcome them when they do.” ##### A man is walking through the woods when he sees a bear charging at him.

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Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page A25

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Forage hazards following a freeze event

By Ben Beckman - Extension Educator and Megan Taylor - Former Extension Educator, UNL Cover crops, soil health, extended grazing, and 13-way mixes are all buzzwords in the agronomic world today.

Whether you are using cover crops for additional grazing or planting them with the intent to improve your soil, it’s important to make sure the mix will truly fit your needs and not cause issues later. When cover crops become a forage crop it’s important to treat them as such and to understand the risks associated with utilizing them as supplemental forage, especially as our environmental conditions begin to change.

This becomes critical as we move into fall.

As summer turns into fall, freezing temperatures are making their way across the plains and Midwest. These freezing temperatures will play a key role in determining what can be grazed or hayed safely for your livestock. Taking a quick peak at your seed tag before grazing or haying is key. Maybe you have decided to try a new 13-way mix and don’t have all the components memorized? Perhaps this is your first time using cover crops? These mixes may be unfamiliar or new to your system and could be hazardous if fed incorrectly. When cover crops become forage, they need to be treated as such.

Freezing temperatures cause metabolic and cellular changes to our forage crops, specifically prussic acid formation and nitrate poisoning are the biggest concerns.

Prussic Acid Formation The relative risk for prussic acid formation* Sudangrass varieties Low to intermediate Sorghum-Sudangrass hybrids Intermediate Forage sorghums Intermediate to high Grain sorghum High to very high *Adapted from Mark Sulc, The Ohio State University.

Sorghum, sudangrass, sorghum-sudangrass hybrids, and milo following a frost have broken cell membranes that allow the formation of prussic acid. Prussic acid is a form of cyanide released from a compound called durrin that is naturally occurring in sorghum species. When ingested and broken down by the digestive system, the cyanide is released can quickly cause lethal results when consumed in high amounts. Monogastric species like pigs and horses can get prussic acid poisoning in extreme cases, but ruminants are more susceptible.

Keeping livestock out of these areas for five to seven days after a frost can limit the risk associated with prussic acid.

Each time a new part of the plant is frozen, this five-seven day timer is reset until the entire plant has been killed. This can make grazing difficult this fall when freezing events occur regularly but are not enough to fully kill the plant.

New shoots and especially regrowth on previously frostdamaged plants have the highest concentrations of prussic acid. If you notice new shoots after a frost, animals should not be allowed to graze until the regrowth is 15-18 inches tall or a frost completely kills the plant. This can be especially tricky when warm temperatures follow an early frost.

Unless extremely high levels of prussic acid are present initially, haying or cutting a crop with prussic acid is not a concern. During the drying process, the prussic acid will volatilize and 50% or more of the initial concentration will be lost. Similarly, the fermentation process for ensiled sorghums will reduce prussic acid levels. If you are concerned about high levels of prussic acid in a silage or hay feed, samples can be sent to a lab for analysis.

Nitrate Poisoning Grasses are especially susceptible to nitrate poisoning risks. Slower metabolism following a stress like freezing allows nitrates to accumulate within the plant, specifically oats, sudangrass, and millets. Because nitrates do not dissipate like prussic acid, haying or green chopping is not recommended following a freeze and can be potentially dangerous.

Nitrates commonly concentrate in the lower portions of plant stems. Waiting five days before haying or chopping and keeping a cutting height of 6 to 8 inches will help mitigate risk. Like prussic acid, the ensiling process will lower nitrate levels of plants harvested for silage. If grazing, reducing the stocking rate and increasing the animals’ ability to selectively graze can lower nitrate risks. Pull animals off once the upper 2/3 of the plant has been consumed to avoid forcing animals to eat the lower portions of plants where nitrate risk is highest. This is not a good strategy for mixtures with sorghum species due to the prussic acid concerns discussed above.

Feeds that may contain high levels of nitrate aren’t necessarily unusable as long as proper action is taken to minimize risk. Send samples to a lab for analysis on those forages that are suspected to contain high nitrate levels. With these CONTINUED ON PAGE A27

Forage hazards following a freeze event CONTINUED FROM PAGE A26

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page A27

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Honey Bee parts Summary The bottom line is to be patient when utilizing these forages. including rod weeder supplies.

Check your seed tag to know what is specifically in the field before grazing.

With haying and cutting, prussic acid is not a concern, 1” and 2.5” but nitrates can be worse.

Remember to wait five days air seeder hose after a frost before cutting and raise the cutting height 6”, 7” and 8” rubber/ 6 to 8 inches to reduce risk. flexible grain When grazing, waiting five to seven days after a vacuum hose frost can help limit risk for UII and Hart Cart We have parts both nitrate and prussic acid poisoning. reel parts available for After a non-killing frost, new shoots or regrowth can REM Grain Vacs be high in prussic acid and nitrates. If present, pull aniWe are now taking orders for mals immediately and do BOURGAULT and HONEY BEE not regraze until the plant has been fully killed or new Stock Orders growth is at least 18 inches Call Today! high.

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Investigating the cause of cattle abortions

By Matt Hille, DVM, MS, PhD Diagnostic Veterinary Pathologist and Nebraska Extension Specialist; David Steffen, DVM, PhD, DACVP Diagnostic $1500 Veterinary Pathologist It’s fall, and for cow/calf producers throughout the region that These brands have not been Species: Cattle often means it’s time to preg check. Confirming pregnancy in the used for 45 years.

Location: Left Rib herd is an important milestone in the overall cow/calf producSpecies: Cattle & Horses $7500 tion system, but there’s still a lot that needs to go right before Location: Right Rib, you’re admiring next year’s weaned calf crop. Unfortunately, Right Shoulder reproductive losses can still happen between confirmation of $10,000 Phone (406) 980-0875 pregnancy and calving. Beef producers and veterinarians often refer to any death loss before calving as an “abortion”, but in reality, true abortions only make up a portion of this loss. It is important to define some of the terms regarding reproductive losses: Early embryonic death: Loss of pregnancy in the period from conception to maternal recognition of pregnancy (implantation).

This occurs approximately 17 days after initial fertilization.

Late embryonic death: Fetal losses that occur from recognition of pregnancy (about 17 days post conception) until about 6 weeks post conception.

Abortion: Fetal losses from 6 weeks of gestation to calving.

Pre-breeding considerations to minimize reproductive losses: Reproductive losses that take place earlier on in gestation Travel safely on winter roads. usually do not result in an observed lost embryo or fetus. These cows will most often present as open or late bred cows at preg check, depending upon if they returned to heat. Diagnosing these cases can be difficult (if not impossible) since the incitFeeding cows? Hauling grain? Visiting relatives? ing factor happened weeks or even months before the issue is Avoid cold weather tire trouble...see us today! identified. Early reproductive management practices can be essential in minimizing these losses. It is important to assure cows are in adequate condition by the start of breeding season.

Pregnancy is a physiologic luxury, and will only happen and/or Cars, Light Trucks, Heavy Duty Farm & Over-the-road Trucks be maintained when the nutritional and physiologic needs of the dam are met, and continue to be met throughout the pregnancy.

There is a strong correlation of body condition with conception rates and being on the “gain” trend if entering breeding can mitigate these early losses, particularly in second calf heifers.

Low body condition score and marginal nutrition is a common Phone 406-873-5025, cell 406-949-7717, Cut Bank, MT cause of infertility and early losses up to about 6 weeks. Routinely evaluating, recording, and addressing body condition scores in your cows before breeding and during early gestation is crucial. This type of methodical approach can provide useful data to troubleshoot reproductive losses when consulting with a veterinarian or herd nutritionist, should they occur.

Another important pre-breeding management tool is to ensure breeding soundness exams are performed on bulls each year.

Approximately ~10% of adult beef bulls will fail a breeding soundness exam each year. The timing of these exams is important. Testing bulls too early in the year creates potential for infection, fever, or injury prior to turnout. It is recommended to re-test newly purchased bulls, even if tested prior to purchase for the same reason. Testing bulls immediately before turnout can be problematic as well if there is not adequate bull power available if there is an unexpected failure rate. This means when to test bulls will vary from ranch to ranch. The ideal scenario would be to test bulls as close to turnout as possible, but leave USDA REAPREAP Grants Now Available!

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If you are considering to your ag to gain energy independence, now is the time! eral instances where the producer had more bulls fail the exam IfThe youUSDA are considering adding solar to your ag operation to gain energy independence, now is the time!

Rural Energy forEnergy America is providing investment for growers The USDA Rural forProgram America(REAP) Program (REAP) is providing funds investment funds for growers The USDA Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) is providing investment funds for growers than they anticipated, and they were left short on bull power with le energy systems. to implementtorenewab le energy systems. implement renewab to implement renewable energy systems. minimal options for immediate quality replacements. Some very basic discussions early on with your veterinarian surrounding Cover up toCover up to Cover up to Loan guarantees breeding management can help minimize these issues.

Loan guarantees % % Loan guarantees cover up tocover up to % When to be concerned about abortions: cover up to or % or % Normal rates for reproductive losses in cattle can vary % $ or $ of eligible of eligible substantially between operations based on a number of fac$ of eligible project costs project costs tors including farm specific management, time of year, breed of eligible energy project costs of eligible energy of eligible projects energy efficiency composition, and geographic region. Therefore, the number efficiency projects efficiency projects of abortions that should be cause for concern will vary, and Ag solar isAg an solar attractive to reduce your dependence published thresholds of acceptable losses range widely from is analternative attractive alternative to reduce your dependence Ag solar on is an attractive alternative to reduce your dependence utility companies to power your operation. on utility companies to power your operation. ~2% - 8%. You will need to develop a threshold for concern on utility companies to power your operation. based on past experiences. Typically, we suggest a 2-2.5% rate Look to your ag solar experts to help secure an efficient energy source to power your operation.

Look to your ag solar experts to help secure an efficient energy source to power your operation. of mid to late term abortions to be expected for the average Look to your ag solar experts to help secure an efficient energy source to power your operation. herd in Nebraska. Regardless, knowing your own herd and your management strategies, should help define your action 1 Windmill View Loop, [Dealer Name] [Dealer Name] threshold. If in doubt, it is never a bad idea to discuss losses with [DealerInformation] Name] [Contact Great Falls, MT [Contact Information] your veterinarian early on and potentially even hold samples [Contact Information] valleyirrigation.com valleyirrigation.com (406) 761-8195 to allow for a retrospective look if more abortions occur. Your valleyirrigation.com CA1161 montanavalleyirrigation.com CA1161 veterinarian works with numerous producers in the area, and CA1161

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Investigating the cause of cattle abortions CONTINUED FROM PAGE A28

may have insight into ongoing losses across many herds that may help explain your own. The cost-benefit ratio and a willingness to act upon any findings are important to consider before sending specimens to the lab for further diagnostics.

Investigating reproductive losses when it is not warranted or without predetermined goals and action plans can be financially inefficient. Waiting too long to investigate loses opportunity for earlier interventions and potentially mitigating further losses.

Thus, having a defined herd reproductive plan developed with your veterinarian can assure sample preservation and avoid the pitfalls of diagnostic inefficiency.

Recording data such as breeding dates, pregnancy dates, and birth dates of calves can be helpful in addressing reproductive failure. This data will allow retrospective calculations of pregnancy rates over 21 day intervals and can help identify periods in early gestation where bull factors might be impacting the calf crop. Healthy breeding bulls can cover for “bad” bulls for a short period, but can also start to fail from overuse and this type of data can help provide a clue. Clues toward an early bull failure may help guide future bull-cow ratios or the number of cleanup bulls to use in subsequent years. This can allow you to optimize the usage of bulls to moderate cost, but prevent catastrophic infertility and also return to your ideal calving window if it has been prolonged over time.

When a dead near term calf is found, it is important to distinguish whether the case represents abortion, a stillbirth, or perinatal death. A prolonged or difficult birth (dystocia) that goes unnoticed can resemble a late term abortion. Also, a live calf that dies before rising and nursing can appear as an abortion or a stillbirth. The list of differential causes in these cases can be quite different. Meconium or fecal staining on the skin (giving rise to a brown-yellow discoloration) is an indicator of fetal distress since calves will defecate in utero during a dystocia. If you see this, it is suggestive that the particular death was possibly due to a dystocia that wasn’t noticed. Swelling of the face, neck, and tongue of the dead calf are also indications of dystocia. In the absence of these signs, a post mortem exam (i.e. a necropsy) by your veterinarian can be beneficial.

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Investigating the cause of cattle abortions CONTINUED FROM PAGE A29

One important component of a necropsy is to determine if the calf died in utero or shortly after birth. Inspecting the lungs can give important clues as a live calf will usually take a breath and inflate the lungs. These inflated lungs will often appear lighter pink compared to the darker red seen in collapsed or non-inflated lungs. Partial or fully inflated lungs indicate either an issue with birthing or a failure to thrive after birth and a necropsy can help to correctly characterize these calves. Perinatal losses (death shortly after birth) can be due to dystocia and result in an oxygen deprived calf being born alive. They can also be due to inadequate nutrition during the last trimester of pregnancy. The losses can be the result of vitamin and/or mineral imbalances, particularly if the majority of gestation takes place in a dry lot with stored feed or byproducts being fed. It is critical to properly account for loss of nutrients in stored feeds in these non-grazing situations. A necropsy will often allow proper characterization of the death, but will rarely have gross abnormalities that provide definitive diagnosis. If indicated, your veterinarian may recommend further diagnostics in an attempt to narrow down the possibilities or determine a cause for the losses.

The diagnostic laboratory is useful to evaluate infectious causes of abortion, inherited anomalies, and some nutritional aspects that can impact birth rates and calf survivability. The causes within these groups are numerous, and detailing each specifically is outside the scope of this discussion. But, by either submitting the entire aborted fetus or submitting samples from specific tissues to the diagnostic lab, veterinary diagnosticians can look to confirm or rule out some of the more common causes. Diagnosticians at the laboratory will review the case, order appropriate tests, and aid in the interpretation of the results. Including a complete history improves the chances of obtaining a definitive diagnosis and can keep costs down. Most diagnosticians are happy to discuss the case prior to investigation to help guide sample collection. The more common tests performed include microscopic examination of the tissues, bacterial culture, and toxicological or nutritional analysis of fetal tissues. PCR tests are also common and allow for highly sensitive detection of small amounts of nucleic acid from viruses or bacteria known to cause bovine abortions. The results are interpreted in context with the goal to assist your veterinarian in treatment or preventative management in the herd.

Unfortunately, the majority of abortion workups in veterinary diagnostic labs result in a diagnosis of “idiopathic abortion”, which is a fancy way of saying we don’t know what caused the abortion. The poor success rate of obtaining a definitive diagnosis for abortions is likely due to a number of factors. One of these factors is that some of these cases are not true abortions.

There are undoubtedly cases pursued as abortions that are dystocias, failure to thrive, or due to nutritional or stress factors not evident in routine lab examinations. Working cows that are very near full term can induce physiologic stress causing endogenous steroids to be released that result in pregnancy termination. The same type of stress can happen in extraordinary weather events like snow storms. These types of abortions leave no detectable evidence in the tissues of the fetus and end up being classified as idiopathic if examined in the lab. The cost of an abortion workup varies by laboratory, but it is not uncommon to end up with several hundred dollars in testing fees. This highlights the importance of working with your veterinarian to establish thresholds for intervention, a diagnostic sampling plan, and to establish goals for using the diagnostic data obtained.

Receiving a diagnosis of an “idiopathic abortion” does not necessarily mean the investigation was not useful. As veterinarians and veterinary diagnosticians, our goal is to promote herd health and help inform management decisions. Some causes of abortions in cattle can cause abortions rates of 50% or more, and ruling out these causes with negative test results can provide value. That is, sometimes knowing what did not cause the abortion is as important as knowing what did cause the abortion.

Tips for producers dealing with suspected aborted calves: Remove the dead calf from the pasture or pen to prevent predation.

Keep the carcass cool until it can be examined by your veterinarian or shipped to the diagnostic lab.

It may be desirable to freeze back select samples from early losses to be available if the threshold for action is reached.

When possible, obtain the expelled placenta in addition to the fetal carcass. Placenta is a valuable sample if additional diagnostics are pursued and increases the likelihood of a diagnosis in abortions caused by infectious agents.

Ingestion of pine needles in excess can cause abortions in cattle. Historically this has been a difficult diagnosis to make beyond speculating based on the history of access and potential CONTINUED ON PAGE A31

Investigating the cause of cattle abortions

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page A31

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CONTINUED FROM PAGE A30

ingestion. Recently, we have been able to test aborted fetuses and confirmed this as the cause in a number of abortion cases in areas of Nebraska where cows have access to pine needles.

If you suspect this may be the case in an abortion, let your veterinarian know. The sample of choice to test for pine needle abortion is thoracic fluid from the aborted fetus.

Take home messages: Determining the cause of embryonic losses early in gestation is extremely difficult since the losses often happen well before we’re aware there is an issue. Developing an overall herd health plan with your veterinarian can improve the recognition of preventable reproductive losses and enable preventative management strategies. Special attention should be made regarding the nutritional status of the herd, reproductive health of the bulls, record keeping, and a proactive vaccination schedule to combat infectious causes.

Average annual abortion rates can vary widely from ranch to ranch. Use your own previous years’ experiences with your herd to help you decide when abortions reach an abnormal level. If in doubt, call and discuss the situation with your veterinarian to determine if investigating the losses is warranted.

It is not practical to investigate every suspected abortion due to the associated costs. Confirming suspected cases as true abortions, as opposed to death loss due to a difficult birth or failure of a live calf to thrive is the first step in determining whether further investigation is warranted.

Diagnostic workups for abortions historically have low rates of success in determining a definitive cause. However, ruling out causes of abortion via negative test results can provide valuable diagnostic data. There is always value in knowing what did not cause increased abortions in your herd. ##### Faith is a living and unshakable confidence, a belief in the grace of God so assured that a man would die a thousand deaths for its sake. ##### Courage is being scared to death, but saddling up anyway.

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Nebraska and SDSU launch Great Plains Heifer Development Program

Amid historic lows in the nation’s cowherd, Nebraska and South Dakota State University are spearheading the Great Plains Heifer Development Program, to help beef producers optimize heifer development and reproductive efficiency at the Haskell Beef Lab near Concord, Neb. Where the heartland beats with the rhythm of cattle ranching, Connor Biehler, beef extension educator at Nebraska, and Kiernan Brandt, professional service technician with Travs Ova Genetics have a shared vision of optimizing and enhancing reproductive efficiency and heifer development.

Ultimately, the program is looking to add another chapter to the state’s legacy in shaping the future of the beef industry.

The program is opening its doors to consigners eager to enhance their heifer development strategies, offering a unique blend of services focused on the foundational principles of heifer selection, feeding, management strategies, genetic tools for sire selection, estrus synchronization protocols, post breeding management, and more.

“This is where the rubber meets the road for cattle producers, where we can address the real challenges producers encounter in optimizing heifer reproduction, making informed breeding decisions, and ensuring the longevity and productivity of their herds,” says Connor Biehler.

“It’s about making a direct, positive impact on the efficiency, productivity and profitability for Nebraska’s cattle producers.”

In an era where genetic tools are advancing rapidly, the Great Plains Heifer Development Program will serve as a platform for testing cutting-edge technologies, all while staying in alignment with Beef Improvement Federation genetic goals to ensure the heifers not only meet but advance industry standards.

“This program is more than just a service; it’s a transformative opportunity for producers,” says Kiernan Brandt.

“We’re not only streamlining the heifer development process but also bringing in the latest technologies to empower producers with valuable data about their herds.”

Beyond providing a service, the Great Plains Heifer Development Program seeks to create a robust learning community. Producers are encouraged to actively engage, fostering open communication, and sharing knowledge. Collaboration is invited, including contributions from producers who may want to provide high-accuracy sires or genetic input. This collaborative spirit aims to create a collective platform that benefits the entire cattle industry.

“As we delve into this initiative, it’s not just about providing a service; it’s about creating a valuable learning community,” says Rick Rasby, a professor within Nebraska’s Animal Science Department.

“We want producers to come together, share insights, and collectively elevate the efficiency and genetic prowess of their herds. This isn’t just about increasing numbers; it’s about improving the quality of the cowherd. It’s about creating resilient, flexible, and knowledgeable producers who are well-informed about the status of their herds.”

The program will begin accepting cattle in mid-December.

To learn more about heifer qualification guidelines, health requirements and more, contact Biehler at 402-624-8007 or cbiehler2@unl.edu or click here.

“Scientific” Theory: Rain Follows the Plow

In the 1860s a theory became popular in the United States: I said that, when humans planted crops in dry, previously unsettled regions, moisture was released into the air, with the result being a change in climate and more rainfall. This became known as the “rain follows the plow” theory, and it was pushed by scientists, the local railroad company, and then the press, just as the government was trying to get people to settle the Great Plains–a region long known as a dry and barren wasteland. (The fact that the region happened to be experiencing a rare wet spell in the 1870s helped the theory take hold.” The theory comforted the millions of people who over the following decades moved to the Plains and built farms. No need to worry, promoters said–build it and the rain will come! It didn’t. Millions of acres of farmland were subsequently wiped out during the repeated droughts that followed, culminating in the devastating Dust Bowl years of the 1930s.

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page A33

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Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page A34

Recipe Patch by Geri Pumpkin Blondies

Wishing everyone a healthy and happy Thanksgiving!

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1 cup unsalted butter 1 3/4 cups brown sugar 1 large egg 2/3 cup canned pumpkin purée 2 teaspoons vanilla extract 2 3/4 cups all-purpose flour 1 tablespoon pumpkin pie spice 1 teaspoon baking soda 3/4 teaspoon kosher salt 2 cups white chocolate chips 1 cup chopped walnuts Arrange a rack in the center of the oven and preheat to 350°F. Grease a 9 x 13-inch baking pan liberally with butter.

Dust the pan lightly with flour and tap out the excess. Melt the butter in a small saucepan over medium heat. Take off the heat and set it aside to cool slightly. While the butter cools, combine flour, pumpkin pie spice, baking soda, and salt in a medium mixing bowl. Whisk to combine. After the butter has cooled slightly, pour it into a large mixing bowl. Add the brown sugar, egg, pumpkin purée, and vanilla extract.

Whisk until fully combined and smooth. Fold the dry ingredients into the wet ingredients with a wide rubber spatula until just incorporated. Add the white chocolate chips and chopped walnuts and stir to distribute evenly. Transfer the batter to the prepared baking pan and spread evenly. Bake for 35 minutes, or until a toothpick inserted in the center comes out with just a few moist crumbs attached. Allow to cool completely in the pan.

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SOUP 2 Tbsp unsalted butter 1 small yellow onion diced 1 cup carrots finely chopped 1 cup celery finely chopped 3-4 cloves garlic minced 2 tsp fresh rosemary chopped 1-2 tsp fresh sage chopped 1 tsp kosher salt 1/2 - 1 tsp black pepper 1/4 tsp paprika 1/4 tsp poultry seasoning 3 cups chicken broth 1 1/2 cups potatoes chopped 1 lb. frozen chicken breasts 1 cup frozen peas DUMPLINGS 1 1/2 cups + 2 Tbsp all-purpose flour 2 1/4 tsp baking powder 3/4 tsp salt 3 Tbsp cold butter cubed 3/4 cup whole or buttermilk Add flour to a medium mixing bowl. Add cubed and chilled butter to the flour. Use a pastry cutter to cut the butter into the flour. When pea-sized pieces appear, add in the milk and mix with a spatula until a loose dough forms. Set aside.

Add butter to Instant Pot and select “Saute”. Once butter is melted, add onion, carrot and celery and cook, stirring occasionally, for 2-3 minutes. Add garlic, salt, pepper, paprika, poultry seasoning, sage and rosemary and cook another 2-3 minutes. Pour in half the chicken broth and use a wooden spoon to scrape up any browned bits at the bottom of the pot. Add remaining chicken broth, potatoes and chicken and gently stir. Add the dumplings by dropping 1 Tbsp of the dough into the pot at a time. Turn off “Saute”. Close Instant Pot lid securely and make sure the valve is set to “sealing”.

Select “Manual” or “Pressure Cook” and adjust the +/- button until it reads 9 minutes. When finished cooking, let the pressure release on its own for about 5 minutes. Then carefully turn the valve to “venting” to remove any remaining pressure. When the steam has all escaped, remove the lid.

Add the frozen peas and stir gently. Cover gently with the lid, not securing it, and let sit about 2-3 minutes. ##### A guy asks a lawyer about his fees.

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Grazing value of grain sorghum stover

By Daren Redfearn, UNL There are sizeable acres of sorghum residue available for grazing this year and, similar to corn, sorghum stover can be a valuable winter forage. How does sorghum stover compare to corn residue for winter grazing?

Both corn residue and sorghum stover can sustain mid- to late-gestation cattle without supplementation during early grazing. Sorghum leaves have similar quality to corn husks and leaves. And just like corn residue, the quality decreases over time.

Stocking rates for grazed sorghum stover are calculated using grain yield. For example, stocking rates for sorghum stover that produced 100 bushels of grain per acre will support grazing at 1 acre for 1 cow for 1 month. However, different herbicides are used for sorghum than corn, so it is important to check the labels to be sure they are labelled for grazing.

Unlike corn residue, sorghum stover has a threat of prussic acid toxicity immediately following a frost since sorghum plants are often still green at harvest. In fact, it carries the greatest risk of all sorghum species. Following a frost, it is important to wait 7 days after a killing freeze to make sure the possibility of prussic acid toxicity is reduced. The possibility of nitrate toxicity exists, especially if cattle are forced to graze the lower part of the stems.

Sorghum stover has a several positive characteristics compared to corn residue. Sorghum stems are a little higher in quality than the corn stem, but care is still needed if cows are forced to graze the lower stems. Sorghum stover is not on the ground like corn residue, so there is less loss to trampling and fewer issues with mud, if we have a wet fall.

Sorghum stover also tends to remain above any snow that falls during winter.

Finally, spilled sorghum grain is a little safer than corn and not as likely to cause acidosis or founder as corn grain.

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page A35

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Call Kurt Wiggers or Bryan Oswood at 406.403.2817

in Great Falls, MT 369 Vaughn South Frontage Road

NEW - 2024 AGI VRX Grain Vac 6,000 BPH, 45-ft. 7’’ hose, floor sweep, 49-ft. reach..... $39,995

2023 MASSEY FERGUSON 1526 FLx2106 loader, 3 pt., ROPS, 4WD, 26 hp, Hydro transmission ............................................................................................ Call

2023 MASSEY FERGUSON 1835M MFWD, 35 hp, Hydro transmission, PTO, air, heat, radio, FL2611 loader...................................................................... Call

2023 MASSEY FERGUSON 2860M MFWD, 60 hp, Hydro transmission, 1 remote, FL2814 loader... ............................................................................................ Call

2023 MASSEY FERGUSON 4710 MFWD, 100 hp, Syno Shuttle transmission, PTO, air, heat, radio, 3 remotes, mid-mount hydraulics, FL3615 loader......... Call

2024 MASSEY FERGUSON LB2234XD 3x4 square baler, 1000 PTO, tandem axle.......................... Call

EQUIPMENT DEALERSHIP IN HAVRE & GREAT FALLS, MT family owned and operated for over 30 years!

406.395.6777 (Havre) 406.403.2817 (GF) • www.tillemanequipment.com

WHY PAY MORE?

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page A36

Josh 391-0602

Klay 590-2313

Josh 391-7056

We WILL save you money!

www.northernford.com

120 West Main Cut Bank, MT • 1-800-823-1234

WINTER IS COMING! COME SEE US

2023 Ford Explorer Timberline SUV

2021 Ram 1500 Limited Crew Cab, Long Bed

2022 Ford F350 XL Extended Cab 4WD, Only 43,000 miles

2021 Ford F150 STX Crew cab, 4WD

2003 Ford F350 XL Extended Cab 4WD, 6 speed manual, $9995

2021 Nissan Altima 2.5 SL sedan

2022 Ford F150 Lariat Only 9200 miles

2016 Ram 1500 Laramie Ecodiesel Crew Cab 2023 Ford Escape ST-Line SUV AWD

2018 Ford F150 XLT Extended Cab Short Bed 4WD

2024 Ford Mustang GT Premium Fastback car

2023 Ford F350 XLT Super Duty 4WD

2016 Ram 3500 Tradesman Crew Cab 2019 Ford F150 XLT Crew Cab, Short Bed

2018 Ford F150 XLT

2023 Ford F150 XLT

2014 Ford F150 Platinum

2023 Ford Expedition Max XLT

2023 Ford Bronco Sport Outer Banks SUV 4x4

2021 Ford F150 XLT 4WD,10 speed automatic, 3.5L V6.

Check out our full inventory at: www.northernford.com

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page B1

2W Spreading, Choteau MT ................ A24 7W Farms, Greg Woods, Inverness MT...A20 A-Plus Auto, Great Falls MT ................ A16 Abilene Machine Inc, Abilene KS ........ A20 Accelerated Metal Solutions, Brady Smelser, Glendive MT ..................................C12 Action Toys, Billings MT ...................... A11 Affordable Construction Equipment, Billings & Bozeman MT ..................................C36 Ag Trucks & Equipment, Great Falls MT.... ...........................................................B12 Ag Wise, Kremlin MT ........................... A21 AgriBusiness Trading Group, Inc., Walla Walla WA ..............................................B3 Albaugh, LLC, Seed Start...................... A3 Augmenta, Torgerson’s ........................C25 Badland Truck Sales, Glendive MT .......C8 Beartooth Harley Davidson, Billings MT....B4 Ben Taylor, Valier & Shelby MT ............C23 Big Sky Equipment, Conrad MT ..........B11 Big Sky Mahindra, Great Falls MT.........C5 Big Sky Pipe, Great Falls MT...............B14 Big Sky Sawmill & Wood Products, Vaughn MT ......................................................C15 Billings Farm & Ranch Supply, Billings MT ........................................................... A20 Bjorn Johnson Construction, Missoula MT ...........................................................C14 Bouma Truck Sales, Choteau, Great Falls MT ................................................INSERT BTI Feeds, Cut Bank MT .....................C23 C & B Operations, LLC, Billings, Culbertson & Plenywood, MT, Sheridan, WY, Powell, WY ....................................A29, C26, C27 Cascade Machine & Supply, Great Falls MT ........................................................ A2 Centrol Crop Consulting LLC, Brady & Conrad MT .........................................C10 Clearview Seed, Denton MT................ A22 Courtesy Ford, Conrad MT....................C1 Cut Bank Tire, Cut Bank MT ............... A28 Dakota Truck & Farm, Minot ND............C1 DBL Sales & Service, Dave & Brock Linker, Coffee Creek MT ......................... A6, B16 Doane Western of Montana, Bozeman MT .............................................................B8 Double Diamond Truck & Equipment Sales, Missoula MT ......................................B22 Dry Fork Ag, Ledger MT ...................... A27 Escrow Montana LLC, Whitefish MT ... A15 Faber Productions, Rozel WY .............C11 First State Bank, Shelby, MT ............... A34 Fisher Metal Products, Fort Benton, MT...C5 Flaman Rentals, Power MT ........ A12, C16

Index

Fort Benton Realty, Fort Benton MT ..... A2 Fox Ford, Wolf Point MT........................B6 Fraser’s Oil Inc., Inverness MT ............ A30 Frieling’s Agricultural Equipment, Great Falls MT .......................................A33, B6, C31 Frontier Precision (formally Triangle Ag, Great Falls), Bismarck, ND...................C6 Frontline Ag Solutions Dillon, Dillon MT..C29 Frontline Ag Solutions, Choteau, Conrad, Cut Bank, Dillon, Lewistown, Havre, Chester, Great Falls, Belgrade, Livingston MT . .................................................. C34, C35 Glass Trucking, Denton MT .................C24 Golden Harvest Seeds, Big Sandy MT..C2 Gordon Repair, LLC, Miles City MT .......B2 Greyn Fertilizer, Choteau, Dutton, Valier MT ......................................................C33 Grossenburg Equipment, Winner, Pierre, Philip, Belle Fourche SD, Wayne, Bloomfield, Harrington NE, Sundance WY...B13 Hall & Hall, Billings MT ........................B18 Hedman, Inc, Grass Range MT .............C9 Helfert’s Helena Farm Supply, East Helena MT ......................................................C18 Henke Enterprises, SprayFlex & Big Dog Mowers, Chester MT ........................B16 Highland Specialty Grain, Inc. (McKay Seed Co.), Moses Lake WA ........................ A14 Hoven Equipment Co., Great Falls MT....B17 Hwy 12 Equipment & Repair, Baker MT....B2 J & T Equipment Sales, John Jones, Stevensville MT .........................................C4 J Bar T Bins & Steel Buildings, Jeremiah Johnson & Thad, Chester MT ............B20 Jamieson Motors, Inc., Chinook MT ......... .................................................. A24, C16 Johnsen Trailer Sales, Inc., Bismarck & Fargo ND..............................................B8 Kois Brothers, Great Falls & Billings MT.... ........................................................... A13 Krogmann Mfg.....................................B24 Lattin & Sons, Power MT............ A12, C16 Laurel Trading Post, Laurel MT............C30 Lewistown Polaris, Lewistown MT ......B22 M & M Auto, Trailers, & Welding, Stevensville MT ...................................................... A31 M & W Machine, Three Forks MT ........B10 Mahindra, Beartooth Harley Davidson, Billings MT ................................................B4

Billings, MT 59101 5250 Midland Rd (406) 245-3188

Ford F750 Service Trucks 3 Available

.

.

.

2007, Automatic, 356,745 Miles $39,500 Casper, Wyoming • 2012, 6-Speed Manual, 125,594 Miles $85,000 Billings, Montana • 2012, Automatic, 232,175 Miles $75,000 Billings, Montana

See more units and photos on our website at: www.tristatetruckandequip.com

Mahindra, Big Sky Harley, Great Falls MT . .............................................................C5 MDS Construction Supply, Great Falls MT ...........................................................C12 Missouri River Realty, Glasgow, Malta, MT ...........................................................C34 Montana Ag Safety Program ...............B24 Montana Fence, Billings, Bozeman, Great Falls, Kalispell MT .............A22, B22, C30 Montana Holster & Shoulder Rig, Norm Schertenlieb, Great Falls MT .............B20 Montana Metal Fabrications, Great Falls MT ...................................................... A21 Montana Valley Irrigation, Great Falls MT.. ........................................................... A28 Mountain View Metal Works, Wilsall MT ... ...........................................................C22 MQS, Montana Quality Structures, Stevensville MT.................................................B4 MT Tractors, Matt Pendergast, Stevensville MT ......................................................B16 Musselshell Valley Equipment, Roundup MT ............................................... B3, B19 New Homes of the Future, Billings MT B20 North Star Equipment, John Myers, Simms MT ......................................................C15 Northern Ford, Cut Bank MT ............... A36 Northern Prairie Auto Sales, Wolf Point MT ...................................................... A32 Nuseed, Breckenridge, MN ...................B7 Pete’s Auto Sales, Great Falls MT .......C21 Platinum Auto Center, Big Timber MT....C28 Precision Truck & Trailer, Havre MT .......C7 Price Truck & Equipment Sales, Missoula MT ...................................................... A14 Quality Sales, Great Falls MT .............. A15 R & L Seed & Machine LLC, Geyser MT....B2 R & M Exterminators, Cheney WA.........C3 RDO Equipment, Kalispell, MT ............C11 RDO Equipment, Missoula MT ............C11 Reddig Equipment & Repair, Kalispell MT. ........................................................... A18 Redhead Equipment, Regina SK Canada . ........................................................... A19 Rehbein Ford, Inc., Plains MT .............B21 Reinke, RPH Irrigation Services, Choteau MT ......................................................C28 RMP Bins, Severinsen Irrigation, Fairfield MT ......................................................C19

Belgrade, MT 59714 200 Floss Flat Rd. #1 (406) 388-5815

Great Falls, MT 59404 5024 Tri-Hill Frontage Rd 406-452-9551

2020 Mack AN64T

FedEx Specifications, 560,000 miles Call for Pricing

Rockwell Scales, Simms MT ...............B10 Roger Rader, Inc, Sun River MT....A10, C20 RPH Irrigation Services, Reinke, Choteau MT ......................................................C28 Severinsen Irrigation, Zimmatic & RMB Bins, Fairfield MT ........................................C19 Shop Specialties, Valier MT................. A10 Sod Buster Sales, Polson MT .... A29, C20 SprayFlex, Doug Henke Chester, MT....B16 Steel Etc, Great Falls MT ......................B5 Stokes Fencing, Conrad MT................B14 Sullivan Brothers Construction, Conrad MT ...................................................... A29 Sunrise Hoppers, Bow Island AB Canada ............................................................. A2 Super SmartRooms/Superform ICF, Jerry Gangstad, Avon MT .................. A35, C12 T & T Farm Supply, LLC, Chester MT....C27 Taylor Farm Store, Shelby MT .............C23 TCB Transport LLC, Todd Bedosky, Geyser MT ......................................................B10 Three Forks Lumber & Ready Mix, Three Forks MT ............................................ A26 Tiber Tractor Co., Chester MT ............. A31 Tilleman Equipment Company, Havre & Great Falls MT ................................... A35 Tom’s Shop, Grass Range MT.............B14 Torgerson’s LLC, Ethridge, Glasgow, Great Falls, Havre, Billings, Lewistown, Belgrade, Hysham, Kalispell, Denton MT ... B9, C25 Treasure State Seed, Fairfield MT .......C11 Treasure State Wood Boilers, LLC, Charley Bucklin, Bigfork, MT ..........................B14 Tri-County Implement, Sidney MT.......C19 Tri-State Truck & Equipment, Belgrade, Billings, Great Falls MT, Casper WY .........B1 Triangle Ag Service, (now Frontier Precision), Bismarck, ND .............................C6 Triple T Sales, Chinook MT..................B15 TT&E Inc, Victor MT.............................C24 Valley Steel LLC, Ryegate MT ...............C3 Valley Trailer Sales, Belgrade MT ........ A25 Vaughn Truck, Havre MT .....................B18 VW Mfg, Loren Hawks, Chester MT ....C17 Weaver Grain Bins, Power MT ............C32 Wichman Ag Supply LLC, Hilger MT .....B2 Wild Horse Seed, Havre MT ................C22 XB Trailer Sales, Great Falls MT ..........C13 Zimmatic, Severinsen Irrigation, Fairfield MT ......................................................C19 Zimmerman Manure & Silage Hauling, Fairfield MT ..............................................B18

Casper, WY 82604 1271 North Derrick Dr. (307) 472-1818

Rock Springs, WY 1319 Elk Street (307) 362-4000

2019 Volvo VNL64T860 560,000-650,000 miles Call for Pricing - (5 Available)

2006 Ranco LW21-42-3

Bottom Dump Trailer, 42-ft., 21 cubic yard capacity, window deflectors, variable openclose, pintle hitch tow package for pup trailer, 11R22.5 tires, ABS brake system $22,725

2022 Mack MD742-42R

2000 Gallon Water Tank, 1500-5500 miles Call for Pricing - (3 Available)

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page B2

What Is Sorghum?

Courtesy of: sorghumcheckoff.com

Call For Early Order Pricing Through December

New & Used Equipment

Vermeer R2800 & R2300 hydraulic rakes.$NEW Vermeer 605N baler, net, moisture, pickup clutch.. .................................................................$NEW Vermeer VR1022, VR1224, VR1428, VR2040 wheel rakes................................................$NEW Vermeer BPX9010 bale processor.............$NEW Kuhn GMD5251TC multi disc mower...........$NEW Kuhn FC4661TCR mower conditioner..........$NEW Haybuster 2650 bale processor............. $16,500 Vermeer 605N baler, 10,000 +/- bales, net only.. ............................................................. $41,500 Farm King 1400 7 bale mover.....................$Call

Highline CRF650 bale processor, final cut.....$Call Vermeer R2800 hydraulic rake..............$30,000 Roto Grind 760 tub grinder..........................$Call Pride of the Prairie self-unloading 12-bale trailer.. ...................................................................$Call John Deere 566 baler, twine only, comes with extra parts.................................................... $7500

NEW EQUIPMENT

USED EQUIPMENT

Gordon Repair, LLC

406-234-4595

Miles City, MT

www.gordonrepair.com clint@gordonrepair.com

Vermeer BPX9010 processors, round or square New Holland 216 basket rake..................... $7500 bales. 1-Round, 1- Round/Square..................NEW Vermeer BP8000..................................... $13,000 Vermeer 605N, Auto Greaser......................NEW Highline CFR650 with FC New Knives and Flails.......

Highline AMX850T 850 cu. ft., float tires...... NEW ................................................................$24,000 Highline BP660 BASE and FINAL CUT units..NEW Vermeer & Bridon Netwrap Year-End Sale Hustler UNROLLA TX205 packs 2 bales, Great 1 Free Roll/Pallet + BIG DISCOUNTS $$$$ for second cutting and straw....................$19,000 Hustler Cake Bucket Euro mounts,............$9900 Wichman Ag Supply, LLC 406-538-5686 • Hilger, MT SWEETPRO PROTEIN TUBS IN STOCK

REDMOND SALT IN STOCK NOW

NEW & USED EQUIPMENT

Used Highline 650 bale processor.CALL 2-Vermeer R2300’s rakes, used..... CALL NEW Vermeer R2800 rake.HERE NOW! (2) NEW Vermeer R2300 rakes............. ..........................................HERE NOW! Vermeer 605N baler, 15,000 bales.CALL Beltec post auger, 3-pt., multiple bits..$2800 1- Set Euro pallet fork...................$1640 Cat 930 loader, runs good......... $22,900 •Now building Gysler parts•

NEW & USED EQUIPMENT

New Vermeer BPX9010 bale processor..............CALL Highline bale processors.......................................CALL 2014 Highline CFR651 bale processor, chopper..$17,000 2019 Vermeer TM1410 21-ft. mower.............$45,000 New Vermeer TM1410 trailed mower.................CALL New ZR5-12 self-propelled baler.............. HERE NOW! Vermeer 605M 17,000 bales, pickup rebuilt, bearings, bushings, tooth bars.......................................$15,000 New Vermeer 605N baler..................................CALL

Dealer for Vermeer, Hayliner, and Chisolm Trail

www.wichmanagsupply.com

See new inventory on our Facebook page

New Geotherm Waterers & Parts Available

11/2 HDPE SDR11 IN STOCK

R&L Seed and Machine, LLC 1829 McCarthy Creek Rd Geyser, MT 59447 406-735-4374 rlmccray@erivers.net

2019 Vermeer 605N 14,000 baler, new belts, chains, sprockets.......................................................$35,000 2018 Vermeer 605N 14,000 bales, through shop.......$34,000 John Deere 530 baler...................................... $3000 Chisholm Trail/Cannonball bale beds, dumping beds..

WW HD EZ 4-wheeler lifts for balebeds............... $1000 Hay Liner 42-ft., 8 bale dumping trailers.In Stock..$9500 Full line of feed and mineral products in stock

Hwy 12 Equipment & Repair 8201 Hwy 12 W - Baker, MT

Connor 406-778-3777 • hwy12equip@gmail.com

www.hwy12equipment.com

• In-Shop Repairs & Service Truck Repairs •

The Cutting Edge Ancient Grain Sorghum is truly a versatile crop that can be grown as a grain, forage or sweet crop. Sorghum is one of the top five cereal crops in the world. The United States is the world’s largest producer of grain sorghum, having produced approximately 454 million bushels in 2021.

Sorghum is among the most efficient crops in conversion of solar energy and use of water, and is known as a highenergy, drought-tolerant, resource conserving grain. Due to sorghum’s wide uses and adaptation, “sorghum is one of the really indispensable crops” required for the survival of humankind (From Jack Harlan, 1971).

Grain Sorghum Grain sorghum can take many shapes and sizes from a tight-headed, round panicle to an open, droopy panicle that can be short or tall. There are various types of sorghum including red, orange, bronze, tan, white and black colored sorghum.

Red, orange or bronze sorghum is traditionally grown and used in all segments of the sorghum industry. Tan, cream and white colored sorghum varieties are typically made into flour for the food industry, while black and burgundy varieties contain beneficial antioxidant properties that are utilized in other food applications.

Whole grain sorghum is a great source of fiber and protein that adds a hearty, nutty flavor to recipes. Add whole grain sorghum to salads, cooked dishes, snacks and more to meet the daily servings of whole grains.

Forage Sorghum Depending on which species and variety are selected, sorghum can be used for grazing pasture, hay production, silage and green chop. Forage sorghum typically grows 8-15 feet tall and is most popular for use as silage for feeding livestock.

Biomass Sorghum Biomass sorghum has the largest stature of all the sorghum varieties, reaching a height of 20 feet in a normal growing season. Biomass sorghum has been bred to produce a large amount of non-grain biomass. These hybrids are used primarily for the production of bioenergy.

Sweet Sorghum Sweet sorghum is predominantly grown for sorghum syrup. Unlike grain sorghum, sweet sorghum is harvested for the stalks rather than the grain and is crushed like sugar cane or beets to produce a syrup. Sweet sorghum was once the predominant table sweetener in the U.S. Today, sweet sorghum is used as a healthy alternative sweetener to produce whiskey- and rum-type products and for biofuel and chemical production.

When a grizzly loves a polar A “grolar” is the offspring of a grizzly bear and a polar bear. Until recently, wild grolars were considered a legend.

The chances or two such meeting, let alone breeding, are very unlikely. Brown bears prefer temperate forests whereas polar bears live in cold climates. Their “bedroom habits” are also different. Brown bears mate on land; polar bears prefer ice floes.

In 2006 an American hunter named Jim Martell teamed up with Roger Kuptana, an Inuit tracker, for an expedition on Banks Island in the Canadian Arctic. Martell shot and killed what he thought was a polar bear. Upon further inspection, he and Kuptana realized what they had on their hands was infinitely more rare. It had brown patches in its white hair and a humped back like a grizzly.

DNA evidence confirmed that their bear was indeed, the first grolar ever discovered in the wild. Scientists still consider them to be exceptionally rare in nature, but the likelihood of a population boom could increase as grizzlies are driven farther north by civilization and as polar bears are driven further south by global warming.

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page B3

Vitamins according to Funk

What’s the deal with food packages listing all the important vitamins the food contains?

Even something as sugary-good and delicious as breakfast cereal contains several “essential vitamins.” What are these things?” Let’s turn the time machine back to 1911 and focus on a Polish biochemist by the name of Casimir Funk, the pioneer of vitamins.

The first part of the word vitamin comes from the Latin word of “life”; Funk knew that it would represent these life-giving, ammonia-based chemical compounds that he had discovered.

These compounds can prevent diseases, help keep the body working in tip-top condition and encourage healthy growth. Vitamins are essential for all multicelled life-forms to grow healthy and strong.

In Japan, it was discovered that a disease called beriberi, which attacks the nervous system, the

heart, and the digestive system, was less likely to be contracted by those who ate lots of brown rice.

No one knew why. Funk began experimenting by feeding rice to two groups of pigeons. He fed one group rice with its outer coating still on, and the other group rice with its coating removed. Funk discovered that the pigeons that ate the rice with the coating removed contracted beriberi, while the others remained healthy. After concentrating the nutrients he found in the coating of the rice, he labeled this concentration a vitamine in 1911.

Funk published a paper on his findings in 1912. His work was well received, especially by those suffering from beriberi and other diseases caused by vitamin deficiencies. He wasn’t the only one to publish research on these nutrients at the time, but his was the most thorough and widely accepted.

Delta S-3 Harrow Carts

Heavy 5/8 Cold Formed Hi-Carbon Steel on a Heavy Duty Cart with Hydraulic Raise and Fold 24-ft. MSRP $13,504................MVE Price.........$11,903 28-ft. MSRP $14,121................MVE Price.........$12,913 32-ft. MSRP $15,564................MVE Price.........$13,595

418 Main, Roundup, MT

1-888-423-2605 or 406-323-2605 Contact us at or www.musselshellvalley.com or www.caseih.com/dealers/musselshellvalley

New Case IH DEMO SALE Huge Savings, Full Warranty & ZERO% Interest

2023 CASE IH FARMALL 55A

with L610 loader. Great utility tractor, MFWD, Edo-friendly 55 hp engine, 12x12 Power Shuttle transmission, hi-visibility cab with AC, 2 remotes, 3-point hitch, 540 PTO, block heater and Rimguard in rear tires.

MSRP $67,963.....SAVE $143,655.....MVE Price $53,399

Finance with CNHI starting at 0% OAC

2023 CASE IH FARMALL 40A

with L340 Case IH loader, 38 PTO HP unit with 12x12 Synchro shuttle transmission, 3-point hitch, 1 remote, mid-mount PTO and Ag Bar tires. MSRP $35,934

SAVE $5941.....MVE Price $29,993 0% finance for 72 months and 0$ down with good credit.

2023 CASE IH FARMALL 75A

The ultimate chore tractor with L610 loader, MFWD, efficient 3 cylinder diesel engine with DEFI for power on demand, cab with air and hi-visibility roof, 12x12 Power Shuttle transmission, PTO, 3-point chitch, air seat, buddy seat, 2 remotes, rear weights, block heater, and Rimguard.

MSRP $74,318.....SAVE $14,376.....MVE Price $59,942

The Little Dealer With The BIG Promise.

“TO TREAT EVERY CUSTOMER LIKE WE LIKE TO BE TREATED.”

NEW 2022 CASE IH FARMALL 50A

with L545 loader, dependable, rugged, utility tractor, MFWD, 8x8 shuttle shift transmission, 1 remote, block heater, ag tires, Rimguard in rear tires. Finance starting at 0% for 60 mos OAC. MSRP $47,879............. Save $9894.....MVE Price $37,995

2023 CASE IH FARMALL 45C

Well equipped unit with cab, heat and AC, L360 Case IH loader, 3-point hitch, PTO, 2 rear remotes, Ag tires, block heater, Rimguard in rear tires, mid-mount PTO. MSRP $54,426 SAVE $9118.....YRG Return Price $45,308

0% Finance for 72 months and $0 down with good credit

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page B4

NEW ITEMS FOR SALE

NEW Jenkins brush grapple, 76” wide, super heavy duty...................$3300 NEW Jenkins 7-ft. high capacity grapple bucket for skid steer, with 80” opening................................................................................$3700 NEW Jenkins earth auger combo kit, Kit includes hydraulic drive, 12” and 18” augers............................................................................$3000

Call Bull Mountain Fence (406) 323-8006, Roundup, MT

The science behind kids’ products

Silly String It’s not really the “string” that makes Silly String work; it’s the ingredient that gets it out of the can that makes it all happen. The strands are created from an acrylic resin–plastic–and a surface-acting agent–foam. But it’s the propellant that’s crucial to the process: Not only does it push the string out of the can when sprayed, it also causes the reaction between the resin and the surface-acting agent to form the sticky strands.

Elmer’s Glue-All Although many glues were traditionally manufactured from the collagen in animal hooves, horse, and bones, Elmer’s never has been. The first glue factory that Gail Borden bought in 1929 used a milk by-product to make its glue, and Borden Inc. expanded into resin-based glues in the 1930s. Elmer’s Glue-All was introduced in 1947 and was made from a synthetic resin, which is still in their product today.

So kids can play happily in the knowledge that no horses were harmed in the making of their Elmer’s. ##### If you ever get cold, stand in the corner of a room for a while. They’re usually 90 degrees.

Contact us

THE LISTED COSTS INCLUDES INSTALLATION OF THE BUILDING PRICES MAY VARY DUE TO LOCATION WAINSCOT, CONCRETE & SIDELITE BELT PICTURED IS NOT INCLUDED IN STARTING COST PRICES LISTED ARE STARTING COSTS AND MAY VARY

855 677 2276 www mqsbarn com -

-

.

60 x 100 x 16

$99,500

50 x 80 x 16

$69,500

80 x 152 x 16

$199,500

.

70 x 120 x 16

$139,500

Specializing in Post Frame Buildings

30 x 60 x 12

$27,900

| Storage Building |

AG SPECIALS

30 x 36 x 10

$39,900

| Horse Barn |

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 – Page B5

WE BUY COPPER • BRASS • ALUMINUM • IRON TRADE SCRAP FOR CASH OR NEW MATERIAL

NEW STEEL, SALVAGE, AND RECYCLING ALL IN ONE LOCATION

GREAT FALLS 1408 52nd Street North • Great Falls, MT 59405 (406) 761-4848 • 1-800-334-5964

✗✗✗ Fencing Supplies ✗✗✗ Round Tubing

For Bridges

TANK CARS

For Non Potable Water Storage

Great for corrals

HOPPER BOTTOM CARS

11/4”, 11/2” & 17/8 O.D.

Great for grain storage

20-ft. & 24-ft. lengths

Chicago Heights Steel Fence Posts – All made in America 12.5 ga. 2 point Barbed Wire - American Made

$500each

Round steel post caps 3 1 /2” & 2 7/ 8”

Used 5-ft. Guard Rail Posts

16.5 CAL tie wire 12” Standard Galvanized Guard Rails

Overseas Flats - 8’x40’ Great for bridges

Overseas Flat Decks 8’x20”

We Buy Old Farm Tractors & Combines FOR SCRAP

CATTLE GUARDS

BLACK PIPE

Various sizes available – CALL

Leather Gloves In Stock

GALVANIZED STEEL GUARDRAIL POSTS CALL 6” New A53B well casing, 20-ft. lengths....

Call for pricing

LAND ROLLER PIPE 42”, & 60” Heavy Wall Used Guard Rail IN STOCK

Used dough mixers

• Stainless Steel Sheets • Flat Bar • Pipe • Angle • Sq. Tubing • Round Bar NEW 20-ft. Containers

Great for corrals

20-ft. & 24-ft. lengths

1 /4”, 1 /2” & 1 /8 O.D.

5” channel construction on bottom with 3” channel on top 10-, 12-, 14- & 16-ft. available

Automotive & Heavy Industrial Batteries

NEW! SURPLUS ROUND TUBING 1

#2 Railroad ties - $1450 each

Buying

USED SUCKER ROD: 3/4”, 7/8” and 1” 25-ft. lengths

13-ft. 6” and 26-ft. Lengths Available 20” Triple rib galvanized x 13-ft. 6” #1 Used Railroad ties $2400 each

• Tubing • Pipe • Angle Iron • Plate

Overseas Containers For Sale 20-ft., 40-ft. & 45-ft.

51/2’ & 6’ T1.33#

] Sucker Rod Hangers ]

WE SELL NEW & USED

RAILROAD FLAT CARS

1

7

Used Electric Motors & Boxes

New 12” - 48” Steel Culvert

(1) Lux spiral dough mixer

Used Drill Pipe

New 12” - 30” Poly Culvert

23/8”, 27/8”, 31/2”, 4” & 41/2”

NEW STEEL plate

NEW Rebar

Call Adam, Joe, or Ty

3/8” & 1/2” - 20-ft. lengths

& beams IN STOCK

Sand & Slag Abrasives

Call Jim Filipowicz 1 800-334-5964 (406) 761-4848

After Hours (406) 791-6712

Fax (406) 791-6708

Steel Department & Salvage Yard Monday-Friday 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.

8:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. Saturday

USEABLE SALVAGE DIVISION • Limited Quantities

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page B6

Sardines Day

The deadline for advertising in the December 2023 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be November 29th.

Phone (406) 271-5533 or email: advertising @tradersdispatch.com

Sales Service Parts

$60,970

$36,195

2023 Ford Escape ST-LINE Cold Weather Package, Heated Steering Wheel, Heated Seats, Remote Start, Vista Roof, Tech Package, Lane Centering, Adaptive Cruise Control.

2023 Ford F250 XLT Crewcab 7.3L Gas Engine, Power Seat, Dual Warning Strobe Lights, Premium Vinyl Floors, Running Boards, Box Side Steps, Trailer Tow PowerTelescoping Mirrors

$44,500

$59,350

2021 Ford F150 XLT 46,866 miles, 2” leveling kit, brand new tires, American racing wheels, custom 80’s style wrap Stock #E26346

2024 Neville 53-ft. drop deck, triple axle, flip over ranps, wood deck, strap & toolboxes, ratcheting strap tie downs.

Stock #175471

See all our inventory at www.foxfordwolfpoint.com

406-653-1350 • Wolf Point, Montana

Call Mike Noel or Dylan Ryder for more information

VR12 Dust Collector

Date Celebrated: November 24th Most people have heard of sardines, and the general opinion of them is that they’re gross. Oddly, it’s also generally true that most people have never tried them. If you’ve never faced sardines, you may be surprised that they find their way into places you’ve never imagined.

As an amazing source of B12 and Omega Fatty Acids, turning your nose up at sardines could be preventing you from enjoying a delicious addition to your meal.

History of Sardines Day Sardines originally got their name from the Mediterranean Island of Sardinia. The English got this term from Grecian history, where the word was used to describe the red color of the fish and the region of the sea where they were popularized. A large number of nutrients found in this fish, combined with the efficacy with which they could be packaged and shipped turned them into an important trade item in the region for centuries.

Sardines are used in many dishes and are closely related to the anchovies that are served with Caesar Salad and as a base flavor in Worcestershire sauce. They’re also one of the main ingredients in “Gentleman’s Relish” a popular sardine based spread used in England for many dishes, or just served up on buttered bread.

How to celebrate Sardines Day The best way to celebrate Sardines day is to attempt to overcome your fear of this delicious fish. They typically come in tins, pickled or packed in oil, or even packed in with mustard to preserve them. Thousands of recipes exist that call for these fish in either their fresh or canned form. A traditional Caesar Salad starts with a sardine being pressed into the wood of the bowl it’s served in to provide a slightly fishy flavor, with those who prefer a stronger flavor having two sardines used.

They’re popularly served as part of a lunch-time snack, often with tomato and fresh avocado on top of a crisp cracker and a sardine. They’re also commonly added to soups and sandwiches to bolster their flavor. In fact, if you’ve ever had soup with a fish-based broth, it is likely the sardine that was used to create the fish stock.

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Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page B7

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Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page B8

If you enjoy reading the Trader’s Dispatch, and have found what you were looking for, please tell an advertiser.

GRASS SEED FOR SALE

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ity, high tons per acre. Compares to alfalfa. Better than Oahe.

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Taking care of young calves in cold weather

By Cora Okkema, Michigan State University Extension Calves expend energy to keep warm. The thermoneutral zone is defined as the temperature at which the animal’s heat loss equals the heat production. The animal does not have to expend extra energy to control its temperature when in the thermoneutral zone. The thermal neutral zone for a new born calf is 50-78 degrees F. This is affected by many variables including wind, moisture, hair coat and bedding.

By one month of age, the calf is able to tolerate more cold and the thermoneutral zone expands to 32-78 F. Normal milk replacer or milk feeding will not be sufficient to meet the extra energy requirements of young calves to keep warm in extreme temperatures. Researchers at Cornell University have shown that the pounds of milk replacer needed to meet maintenance requirements of a 100 pound calf increases 44 percent when temperatures are 15 F, compared to 50 F. If the temperature drops to 5 F, then the requirement for maintenance increases 55 percent. Ensure that milk is delivered to calves at 105 F degrees. When preparing milk replacer, follow tag instructions to properly mix the milk replacer at the correct temperature. Too hot of water destroys nutrients within the powder, making it indigestible for the calf. Energy intake can be increased by adding an additional feeding of milk or milk replacer. If an additional feeding cannot be done, then increasing the milk feeding size, increasing fat content of the milk or the amount of powder mixed in the same amount of water can help the calf fight the cold. Older calves are able to consume more starter to battle the cold. In addition to providing increased calories via milk, supplying calves with warm water will aid to maintain body temperature and improved hydration for physical development and immune system readiness.

Dry newborn calf coats as soon as possible to prevent drastic heat loss from the calf. This can be done in a calfdryer box or with towels. Extra bedding will help the calf keep warm and dry. When laying down, the calf’s legs should be buried in the straw. Deep bedding will trap warm air in addition to keeping the calf dry. A quick and easy way to test that your straw pack is dry is to kneel for 20 seconds on the pack. If your knees are wet, it is time to change the bedding or add more. A calf blanket can also be used with deep bedding to give the newborn calf extra protection. Be sure that the calves are not sweating underneath the coat resulting in wet hair and being chilled as temperatures drop.

Don’t forget to provide fresh air while minimizing drafts for young calves. If a young animal is sick, do not withhold milk or milk replacer. The energy from the milk is essential for the calf to fight illness. Electrolytes that provide minerals, energy and protein to the calf should be fed in addition to normal milk feeding for scouring calves. When using electrolytes, do so at least two hours after the calf was given milk. If electrolytes are fed too soon after milk feeding, then the ingredients in the electrolytes can interfere with the clot formation in the abomasum, possibly making the scours worse.

According to the latest Research…

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2021 Wilson 50x102x72 tri-axle with rear axle lift, electric roll tarp. Very nice trailer.

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2021 Wilson 50x102x72 triple axle, rear axle 2024 Manac Darkwing step deck, 22.5 alulift, Ag hoppers. minum wheels, tandem 10-1 rear slide, 12 2022 Wilson 41x96x72, Ag hoppers, electric winches, and one aluminum tool box. tarp.

2024 Manac beavertail, 53x102, all steel, 2014 Wilson 41x96x78, air ride with Ag hop- wood floor. Two ramps and 12 winches. pers. Quanity of 10.

2024 Manac belly dump, 42x96, air ride with 2016 Wilson step deck, 53 ft., rear axle slide. rear lift, 24.5 steel wheels, gate control valve, 2006 Wilson flatbed, 48x102, spread axle. bang boards.

2000 Utility, 38-ft. van with 2 side doors, (4) www.johnsentrailer.com 1600 gallon tanks and a Honda pump inside.

In a 2009 study by Oxford University, scientists gave a group of ducks full access to a pond, a water trough, and a shower. They found that the ducks preferred standing under the shower to standing in still water. The three-year study cost more than half a million dollars.

In 2003 researchers at Plymouth University in England studied primate intelligence by giving macaque monkeys a computer. They reported that the monkeys attacked the machine, threw feces at it, and, contrary to their hopes, failed to produce a single word.

In 2001 scientists at Cambridge University studied kinetic energy, centrifugal force, and the coefficient of friction…to determine the least messy way to eat spaghetti.

Researchers at the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in Budapest analyzed videos of the “Wave” at sporting events.

Results: it almost always moves clockwise around the stadium, travels at about 40 feet per second, and the average width of a wave is 15 rows of seats.

A 2002 study by the Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center in Vermont found that studies are often misleading.

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page B9

Thank you from all of us at Torgerson’s and all our valued brands for your continued support.

HAPPY THANKSGIVING!!

Ethridge 406.434.2222 Lewistown 406.538.8795 Hysham 406.342.5571 Glasgow 406.228.4311 Missoula 406.543.7782

Denton Great Falls 406.567.2221 406.453.1453 Billings Agriculture Havre 406.265.5887 406.252.8614 Belgrade Kalispell 406.388.8500 406.407.7230 Gillette, WY Powell, WY 307.271.1112 307.682.9742 Billings Construction www.torgerson.biz 406.259.5500 Come See Us Today!

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page B10

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STORAGE CONTAINERS & BRIDGES

Overseas Flat Racks and Shipping Containers 8-ft. to 53-ft., mouse proof, weather tight storage 20-ft. & 40-ft. Heavy Duty Bridges

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TRUCKING EQUIPMENT FOR SALE

2012 Freightliner day cab, single axle, Cummins ISX, 425 hp, 10 speed, 832,800 miles. King pins, pistons, rod bearings, clutch and exhaust work recently done......$24,000 2006 dry van trailers, 28-ft......................................... $4000 35-ft. liftgate trailers................................................... $7000 Assorted single axle converter dollies................. $2500 ea.

2004 Toyota propane forklifts, 4000 lb. lift................ $8500 All equipment well maintained.

Phone Randy for more information (406) 855-5994

A valid veterinarian-client-patient relationship is key to successful cattle health

By Jerad Jaborek, Michigan State University Extension the gatekeeper for food producing animal By now, you have heard of the U.S. production operations and their own abilFood and Drug Administration Center for ity to manage animal health and disease.

Veterinary Medicine’s (FDA-CVM) change This brings me to the point of this article. of purchasing medically important overAs beef or dairy cattle producers, we must the-counter antimicrobials for animals to maintain a valid veterinarian-client-patient now requiring a veterinary prescription relationship (VCPR) with a licensed veterias of June 11, 2023. This is one of many narian in order to obtain the antimicrobial regulatory changes implemented regarddrugs needed to treat sick cattle. The FDA ing administering antimicrobials to food defines a valid VCPR as one that meets the producing animals over the last decade due following requirements: to the growing concerns of metaphylactic A veterinarian has assumed the responsitreatment of food-producing animals and bility for making medical judgments regardantimicrobial resistance. As part of FDAing the health of (an) animal(s) and the need CVM’s 2012/2013 release of guidance for for medical treatment. industry (GFI) #209, “The Judicious Use of The client (the owner of the animal or Medically Important Antimicrobial Drugs animals or other caretaker) has agreed to in Food-Producing Animals,” the FDAfollow the instructions of the veterinarian.

CVM aimed to: There is sufficient knowledge of the Limit medically important antimicrobial animal(s) by the veterinarian to initiate at drugs to uses in food-producing animals least a general or preliminary diagnosis of that are considered necessary for assuring the medical condition of the animal(s). animal health.

The practicing veterinarian is readily Limit medically important antimicrobial available for follow-up in case of adverse redrugs to uses in food-producing animals that actions or failure of the regimen of therapy. include veterinary oversight or consultation.

Such a relationship can exist only when the This led to the introduction of GFI #213, veterinarian has recently seen and is person“New Animal Drugs and New Animal Drug ally acquainted with the keeping and care of Combination Products Administered in or the animal(s) by virtue of examination of the on Medicated Feed or Drinking Water of animal(s), and/or by medically appropriate Food-Producing Animals: Recommendaand timely visits to the premises where the tions for Drug Sponsors for Voluntarily animal(s) are kept.

Aligning Product Use Conditions” with GFI Veterinarians offer a wealth of knowledge #209. These recommendations led to changon maintaining proper animal health and baes of the Veterinary Feed Directive (VFD), sic husbandry practices. Find a veterinarian where a written statement must be issued by who is willing to have and maintain a VCPR a licensed veterinarian to authorize the use with you. Set up regular farm visits annuof a VFD drug in or on the animal’s feed. ally to keep your veterinarian accustomed The two goals of GFI #213 were: to your farm’s animals and management To eliminate the uses of medically impractices. Veterinarians can offer regular portant antimicrobial drugs for enhancing farm consultations on the phone (i.e., teleproduction (i.e., increased weight gain or medicine), but an annual farm visit is still improved feed efficiency) claims rather than required. Veterinarians can offer advice on specifically treating an identifiable disease. developing biosecurity protocols for your Implement additional veterinary overfarm to prevent incoming disease threats. sight because of their scientific knowledge Work with your veterinarian to develop a and clinical training regarding the treatherd health protocol/schedule for disease ment, control and prevention of disease to treatment, control and prevention throughensure judicious use of medically important out the year. This may include protocols for antimicrobials. calving, breeding, vaccinations, weaning, Most recently, as part of the FDA’s receiving calves, dehorning, castration, five-year action plan for antimicrobial euthanasia and medicated feed options stewardship, GFI #263, “Recommendawhen needed. tions for Sponsors of Medically Important Beef Checkoff and Beef Quality AssurAntimicrobial Drugs Approved for Use in ance have developed a Cattle Care Tool Kit Animals to Voluntarily Bring Under VeteriChecklist to review and prepare for your nary Oversight All Products That Continue cattle operation so you’ll have these things to be Available Over-the-Counter” ensured ready for when the tool is needed. Preparathat any medically important antimicrobition is critical when animal health is at risk als available over the counter were brought because time can be of the essence for posiunder veterinary oversight and prescription tive treatment and recovery outcomes. Take (Rx) marketing status for the therapeutic the time now to have meaningful conversamedical treatment of all animals. tions with your veterinarian about preparing After the brief history lesson, you can your cattle operation for herd health events. quickly see how veterinarians have become

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Biohackers don’t hack computers; they hack their own bodies, looking for ways to upgrade their bodies using technology.

“We hack our bodies with artifacts from the future-present,” states one biohacking website. Good idea? Well, Dr. Anthony Guiseppi-Elie, professor of bioengineering at Texas A&M University says, “Anyone doing this should stop!”

Implantable compass Southpaw, designed by electronic engineer and biohacker Brian McEvoy, is a miniature compass to be implanted under your skin. An ultrathin whisker sticks out of Southpaw’s rounded titanium shell. When you face north, the whisker tickles the

underside of your skin. “It would be best located near the shoulder,” says McEvoy, who plans to be the guinea pig for testing his own device.

Internal earphones Rich Lee, 34-year-old salesman and biohacker, wears sound-transmitting magnets implanted in his outer ears and a wire coil around his neck that converts sounds into electromagnetic fields. Those fields thus become “internal headphones.” With a media player, amplifier, and battery pack hidden under his shirt, Lee can listen to music all day long with no one the wiser. He can also “hear” heat from a distance and detect magnetic fields and Wi-Fi signals.

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page B11

Big Sky Equipment Co. Phone 406-278-3277 Toll-free 1-800-332-7541 Conrad, Montana

Sales Kurt Christiaens 450-3277 cell

Service Corey Combs, 781-7678 cell

website: www.bigskyequip.com

USED AIR DRILLS

2004 Morris Maxim II, 55-ft., 10” spacing, 3.5” steel packers, single shoot, 7300 towbetween tank, mechanical drive cart........................................ $29,900 2008 New Holland SD550 drill with SC430 tow-between cart, 12” spacing, 60 ft., single shoot, 4.5” steel packers. ....................................................... $47,500 2001 Flexi-Coil 5000 57-ft., 12” spacing, 3.5 inch steel packers, single shoot, 3450 tow between tank, variable rate............................................................... $42,500

MISCELLANEOUS EQUIPMENT

Degelman 4100 bale processor................... $10,995 Erskine 2010X 78” snow blower skid steer attachment, CNH and Bobcat electric harness, hydraulic spout turn/tilt................................................ $6500 HLA 72” snow pusher, like new.............Just Traded

USED HAYING EQUIPMENT

2017 Case IH RB565 round baler, wide pickup, net and twine, endless belt, hydraulic bale ramp.... $22,500 2016 New Holland Rollbelt 560 baler, wide pickup, roller wind guard, manual hydraulic pickup, net and twine, large tires, 1000 PTO....................... $34,900

USED SPRAYERS

USED TRACTORS

2016 New Holland Boomer 41 CAB hydrostatic drive, NH loader, 2 rear remotes.............................$36,500

USED COMBINES

2011 Apache AS1020 self-propelled sprayer, 100-ft. steel boom, 1000 gallon poly tank, Smartrax autosteer, AutoBoom UltraGlide, Envizio Pro monitor... .................................................................. $92,500

USED GRAIN CART

2018 J&M 750, pivot spout unload, scale.......$37,500

USED WINDROWERS

2010 MacDon M100 self-propelled windrower with 35ft. draper header......................................... $74,900

Give us a call or stop in for more information

2007 Apache 1010 self-propelled sprayer, 1000 gallon poly tank, 60/90-ft. steel boom, autorate, autoboom.................................................. $49,900 2005 Summers 500 gallon, 80 ft. pickup sprayer, Raven controller, Honda pump, manual fold.............$4995

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2018 New Holland H7150 swing tongue frame

USED HEADERS

2010 MacDon D60 45 ft. draper header with pickup reel, transport............................. Reduced $39,900 Case IH 1015 pickup header..............................$2995

2023 HIGHLINE BALE MOVERS For 7 & 14 bales Stock Photo

2022 New Holland CR8.90 combine, full automation, duals, variable speed rock drum, full guidance, electric folding hopper, Sunnybrook concaves............... ..............................................................Contact Us 2022 New Holland CR8.90 combine, full automation, chopper & spreader, electric folding grain tank cover, DFR rock trap, twin pitch rotors, Sunnybrook concaves.....................................................Contact Us 2022 New Holland CR8.90 combine, full automation, autoguidance, chopper & spreader, electric folding grain tank cover, DFR rock trap, twin pitch rotors, Sunnybrook concaves...........................Contact Us 2019 New Holland CR8.90 combine, duals, autoguidance, chopper & spreader, electric folding grain tank cover, DFR rock trap, twin pitch rotors, Sunnybrook concaves...............................................Contact Us 2018 New Holland CR8.90 combine, duals, autoguidance, chopper & spreader, electric folding grain tank cover, DFR rock trap, twin pitch rotors, Sunnybrook concaves...............................................Contact Us 1995 Case IH 2188 combine with MacDon 960 36-ft header and 1010 15-ft pickup header.........$19,995 2006 John Deere 9760 STS combine....REDUCED $10,000 to...................................................$39,900 1993 Massey Ferguson 8570, includes 30-ft. auger header, 13-ft. pickup header............ Make an Offer

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Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page B12

* 430 HP CUMMINS * TIER 4 PERFORMANCE * ALLISON 4000 SERIES AUTO * MERITOR #33,000 AXLES * TWIN BAG REAR SUSPENSION * TANK SIZE: SS 1600, 2000, 2400 GAL * BOOM WIDTHS: 90-132’ * SPECIALTY ALUMINUM BOOMS * CHOICE OF CONTROLLERS * 50 MPH TRANSPORT SPEED

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2005 PETERBILT 2400 hours, 1400 gallon, 90-ft. boom, Trimble FMX, Trimble hydraulic steer, Raven boom height. IMMACULATE..... ............................................................................ $140,000

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2014 HAGIE STS14: Low Hours at 800. 1400 Gallon SS Tank, 132’ Aluminum Legacy Boom, Raven Viper 4, Raven Boom Height, Deluxe Cab, 2 Sets tires (520’s and 380’s), Detailed and Fully Serviced.

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Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page B13

(WI) Winner, SD 605-842-2040 (SU) Sundance, WY 307-283-2971 (PI) Pierre, SD 605-224-1631

USED COMBINES OFFER EXTENDED AGAIN!!!

1.99% FOR 60 MONTHS - OR - 24 MONTH WAIVER*

*IN-STOCK ONLY - 24 MONTH WAIVER FOLLOWED BY STANDARD RATE - 30% DOWN PAYMENT OR EQUIVALENT TRADE REQUIRED BASED ON APPROVED CREDIT. SEE DEALER FOR COMPLETE DETAILS. OFFER EXTENDED THROUGH 11-30-23.

2022 John Deere S780 (WI), Stk #76078, 444 Engine Hours, Extremely Well Kept Local Trade, Has Been Thru Shop & Ready To Roll, Tires 90%, Too Much To List................ $547,500.....$489,000 2022 John Deere S760 (BE), Stk #79912, 342 Engine/273 Separator Hours, PRWD, Active Yield, Duals, Like New Machine...................... $459,250 2022 John Deere X9 1100 (WA), Stk #78488, 407 Engine/270 Separator Hours, 710-42 Front Duals, 740 Rear, Rear Wheel Drive, 31.5 Unload Auger, Sig Edition.............. $763,500.....$723,500 2022 John Deere S770 (BE), Stk #78886, 274 Engine/203 Separator Hours, Pro Drive, PRWD, Premium Activation On Gen 4, 26-ft. Auger.......... ............................................................... $503,000

2022 John Deere X9 1100 (WA), Stk #78491, 483 Engine/309 Separator Hours, 710-42 Front Duals, 750 Rear RWD, 31.5 Unload with Adjustable Spout, Deep Tooth/High Wear.............................. ........................................... $759,500.....$719,500 2021 John Deere S790 (BL), Stk #78435, 730 Engine/574 Separator Hours, Very Clean Always Shedded, Tires 95%, Power Fold Grain Tank, Serviced & Ready For 2023 Season!.... $498,750 2021 John Deere S780 (WA), Stk #79887, 490 Engine/340 Separator Hours, 650-38 Front dual, IF620 rear, Tip Up Ext, 26-ft. Unload, High Wear, Available Aug/Sept................................ $494,750 2021 John Deere S780 (WA), Stk #79884, 556 Engine/400 Separator Hours, 650-38 Fronts, VF750 Rears, Chopper & Tailboard, Tip Up, 28ft. Unload, ProDrive & 5 Speed, Active Terrain & Vision................................ $477,750......$458,000

BALE FEEDERS

2022 NDE FS1000D (WI), Stk #82584, Front Door RH Conveyor Discharge, 2 Magnet Restrictors, Walking Tandem................ $85,900 2021 NDE FS950DL (WI), Stk #83096, Walking Tandem with Flotation Tires, Knives In Good Shape, Will Be Serviced & Ready To Go.................................................... $86,900

2020 Haybuster 2665 (WI), Stk #78828, Excellent Condition, Tires Like New, Rotor In Great Shape, Loading Spears Straight & Right................................................. $29,500

2020 Haybuster 2660 (PI) Stk #82902 Bale Processor with a Grain Tank, Good Shape, Good Tires and Chains, RH discharge......... .......................................... $21,900.....SOLD 2018 NDEFS1000D (WI), Stk #82583, RH Discharge, 2 Speed Hydraulic Gearbox, CV Large 1000 PTO, Rubber Ext, LED Road Lights............................................... $68,900

2012 Haybuster 2650 (SU), Stk #83043, Hydraulic Deflector, 1000 PTO, Flotation Tires, Good Condition, Will Be Serviced & Ready To Go............................................... $12,000 2009 Meyerink 480 (WI), Stk #79221, LH Discharge, Augers Good, Tires Are Good, Fender Flares, Avery Weigh-Tronix Scale.... ......................................................... $24,500 Meyerink 480 (WI), Stk #80022, Augers Good shape, Lower Unit Is Good & Been Replaced, Chute Is Straight, Scale....... $34,900 Vermeer BP6800 (WI), Stk #82393, Older Unit Treated Well, Manual Discharge Door, Tractor Needs 2 Hydraulic Outlets............ $6,900 Bale King 4100 (SU), Stk #77709, One Lean Mean Bale Processing Machine, Very Nice Unit, Larger Floatation Tires............. $11,900

FEED WAGONS

2022 NDE 23U55)D (BE), Stk #82203, Left Hand Discharge with Walking Tandem Axles, 640XL Scale Along with Remote Display 4” LED............ $70,500 2022 Supreme 600T (BE), Stk #79331, 2 Augers, Point Scale Setup To Run with Scale Head & Bluetooth To An iPad If Needed, Backup Wagon Done Very Little Work, 1000 PTO, RH Discharge............. ................................................. $68,900.....$63,500 2019 NDE FS850D (BF), Stk #82063, High Flotation Tires, Dual Auger with 640 Scale & Remote Display, Hard Surface Knives, 36” RH Discharge, Customer Wanted Larger Unit.................... $73,900 2019 Kuhn RC260 (HA), Stk #79327, Equipped with Single Axle, LED Side Remote Display, Won’t Find A Nicer Unit, Available June 2024.............. $48,000 2018 Kuhn Knight RC250 (HA), Stk #80930, Commercial Helix Reel, 1000 PTO, Scale, 36” 4 Auger Discharge, New Tires, Stainless Steel Liners From Factory....................................................... $48,500 2015 Meyerink 480 (WI), Stk #79127, 480 Cu Ft, Left Hand Conveyor Discharge, Tires Good, Small 1000 PTO, Top Augers Are Getting Thin, Will Go Thru Our Shop.................................................... $23,900 2015 NDE 2806 (WI), Stk #78460, 1,200 Cu Ft Wagon, Heavy Tandem Axles & Twin Screw Auger, Hasn’t Been Used Much, New Gearbox On Front Auger, Knives In Good Shape, RH Discharge......... ................................................................... $49,900

2021 John Deere S780 (HA), Stk #80780, 724 Engine/529 Separator Hours, Extended Warranty Till 1500 Engine Hours OR June 2024, Loaded with Options, Demco XL Tank Ext, High Wear Package............................. $474,500.....$445,000 2021 John Deere S790 (HA), Stk #79505, 632 Engine/461 Separator Hours, LED Lights, Folding Grain Tank, Combine Advisor, Pro Drive & 5 Speed Feederhouse.............................. $534,500 2020 John Deere S790 (WA), Stk #79896, 1,156 Engine/860 Separator Hours, Premium Cab, LED Lights, Pro-Drive with Harvest Smart Command Touch, 26-ft. Unload Auger, Powercast Tailboard. ............................................................... $399,500

ROW CROP TRACTORS

(BL) Bloomfield, NE 402-373-4449 (PH) Philip, SD 605-859-2636 (HA) Hartington, NE 402-254-3908

(BF) Belle Fourche, SD 605-892-2621 (BE) Beresford, SD 605-763-5020 (WA) Wayne, NE 402-375-3325

USED COMBINE HEADS

1.99% FOR 60 MONTHS OR 24 MONTH WAIVER*

*IN-STOCK ONLY - 24 MONTH WAIVER FOLLOWED

BY STANDARD RATE - 30% DOWN PAYMENT OR EQUIVALENT TRADE REQUIRED BASED ON APPROVED CREDIT. SEE DEALER FOR COMPLETE DETAILS. OFFER EXTENDED THROUGH 11-30-23

PLATFORM HEADS: 2022 John Deere RD40F (WI), Stk #76633, Very Nice Unit, Has Long/Short Course Sections, Flip Over Reels, Header Height Sensing In Rigid Mode...................................$123,000.....$118,500 2022 John Dere RD45F (WA), Stk #79434, Less Than 1,500 Acres, Still Has New Course Tooth Long-Long Spare Sickels, Flip Over Reel, Lankota Grain Saver Brush Kit........................ $129,500

COUNTY & GOVERNMENT RENTALS ARE IN CHECK THEM OUT NOW!

2023 John Deere 6175M (BF), Stk #74273, 250 Hours, County Rental Return!, AutoTrac Ready with 20 Speed AutoQuad Transmission, Triple Electronic SCV’s, Triple Link Suspension, Loader Ready withJoystick................................ $212,000 2023 John Deere 6155M (BF), Stk #74268, 250 Hours, County Rental Return! 20 Speed AutoQuad Transmission, Triple Electronic SCV’s, Mechanical Cab Suspension, Loader Ready with Joystick.................................................. $191,500

2022 John Deere 8R 370 (PI), Stk #80522, 755 Hours, IVT Transmission, 4600 Automation, ILS, 84 GPM 5 Rear SCV’s, ½” Auxiliary Hydraulic Outlet...................................... $419,000.....SOLD 2022 John Deere 5090E (PI), Stk #79865, 56 Hours, Cab, MFWD, Dual Mid & Rear SCV’s, Loader Mounts, Mechanical 2 FN Joystick, Radio, Basic Warranty Till 6-16-24, Customer Wanted A Larger Tractor.......................................... $68,900 2022 John Deere 6120E (WA), Stk #73125, 61 Hours, County Rental Return! 24F/12R Transmission with LH Reverser, H310 NSL Loader with 7-ft. Bucket, Warranty Till 11-2-26 or 2,000 Hours................................... $109,000.....$99,500 2021 John Deere 6145R (WA), Stk #77735, 1,174 Hours, 640R NSL Loader, Factory Warranty Til 1-8-24, 20 Speed PowerQuad Transmission, 3 Function Joystick, Pair Of 450lb Weights & Fluid. ............................................................... $179,000

2020 John Deere 740FD (WA), Stk #79902, Flip Over Reel, Teeth Good, Long-Long Course Knife, Belts Are Good........................................ $89,500 2020 Shelbourne XCV36 (PH), Stk #82159, Own Owner Unit, Auger & Floor In Good Condition, Rotor In Good Condition & Teeth Have Life Left In Them................................................... $75,900 CORN HEADS:

2022 John Deere C16F (WA), Stk #78493, 16R30, Folding Head, Row Max Opposed Knife Rollers, Stalk Deflectors, Regular End Snoots... $198,000 2022 John Deere C16F (WA), Stk #78490, 16R30, 3,500 Acres, Folding Corn Head, Row Max Opposed Knife Rollers, Stalk Deflectors.... $198,000 2022 John Deere C16F (WA), Stk #78493, 16R30, 3,500 Acres, Folding Head, Row Max Opposed Knife Rollers, Stalk Deflectors............... $198,000 2018 John Deere 708C (BE), Stk #81963, 8R30, Avail June 2024, Non-Chopping, Hydraulic Decks, Row Sense Wands, Header Height Sensing, Opposed Knife Rollers...................... $65,000 2018 John Deere 708FC (WA), Stk #76494, 8R30, Very Nice 1 Owner Folding Corn Head, Deck Plates, Chains & Sprockets All Look Good, Will Be Field Ready........................................ $70,500 2014 Fantini GO3 (PI), Stk #82163, 12R30, Low Acres On Unit, Blocks & Chains Look Good & Setup For John Deere, Includes JM Trailer- Package Deal.................................................. $64,000

South Dakota:

Winner (605) 842-2040 Pierre (605) 224-1631 Philip (605) 859-2636 Belle Fourche (605) 892-2621 Beresford (605) 763-5020 2020 John Deere 6145R (HA), Stk #79560, 600 Hours, Autoquad Transmission, 3 Electronic SCV’s, Inside Rear Weights, Gen4 Display, Mechanical Joystick.................................... $189,500 2020 Case IH Puma 185 (WI), Stk #82212, 1,200 Hours, Very Nice Tractor & L107 Loader That Has Only Been Used On A Rake & Auger It’s Whole Life, Loader Still Has All The Paint On It, Cab Susp, 4 SCV’s....................................... $189,500 2019 John Deere 6195R (BF), Stk #79772, 659 Hours, Includes 680R Loader & Grapple, IVT Transmission, Duals, 3 Remotes, MFWD W/TLS & Much More.......................... $209,900.....SOLD

Wyoming:

Sundance (307) 283-2971

Nebraska:

Wayne (402) 375-3325 Bloomfield (402) 373-4449 Hartington (402) 254-3908

Call for more info on any of these listed units, or to find out what else we have available!

www.grossenburg.com

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page B14

STOKES FENCING Conrad, Montana

Lance Stokes (406) 450-2149 Fencing Done Right NEW HDPE PIPE – IN STOCK –

1” – 11/4” – 11/2” – 2” – 3” & 4” x 200 psi

Use for irrigation, stock water or drinking water.

Red stripe for electrical use.

Yellow stripe for natural gas use.

Also available 3/4” to 2” SIDR TURF/IRRIGATION HDPE pipe 3/4” - 4” orange smooth wall HDPE conduit HDPE pipe available in 20 to 50-ft. lengths from 6” to 66” diameter Pipe is available by the stick - coil - reel - truckload Call Ed at Big Sky Pipe – Great Falls, MT Delivery available 406-453-7299 Veteran Owned

or Email: ed.bigskypipe64@hotmail.com – www.bigskypipeandsupply.com

Wood, coal, or biomass.

We have options for your heating needs!

Risk Management Tool for cow-calf producers

Today, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) is announcing Weaned Calf Risk Protection, a new insurance option for livestock producers in several states. This policy, offered

by USDA’s Risk Management Agency (RMA), offers Actual Production History (APH) coverage for beef cow-calf producers to insure revenue from their spring calving operations. Weaned Calf Risk Protection will be available for the 2024 crop year.

“There are many variables and pressures involved in running a cow/calf operation, making it even more important that ranchers have a variety of insurance options available similar to the wide range of options available to crop growers,” said RMA Administrator Marcia Bunger. “The introduction of Weaned Calf Risk Protection reflects our priority to always pay attention to the evolving needs of producers and create options that can meet their unique situation.”

APH policies insure producers against yield losses due to natural causes such as drought, excessive moisture, hail, wind, frost, insects, and disease. In the case of LLC the new Weaned Calf Risk Protection, coverage is provided for a decline in price and loss of yield due to a decrease of overalle weaning Tr easur weight coverStlike at revenue e age offered for other crops.

Wood The program will be Boi l er s LLC available in Colorado, Nebraska, South Dakota, and Texas, beginning with the Jan. 31, 2024, sales closing date for the 2024 crop year.

Coverage levels between 50 and 85% will be available along with catastrophic coverage.

This new insurance program adds to the suite of livestock insurance available to livestock producers such as Livestock Gross Margin (LGM), Livestock Risk Protection (LRP), Pasture, Rangeland, Forage (PRF), Annual Forage (AF), and Dairy Revenue Protection (DRP).

HAY FOR SALE

130 ton new hay, mixed grass and alfalfa........ $100/ton 135 ton older hay............................................... $75/ton

PROCESSOR FOR SALE

Vermeer BPX9000 processor for round or square bales.

Always shedded, like new.

Phone (406) 473-2299 or (406) 366-1119 (cell)

SPRAYERS & DRILL FOR SALE

2012 Case IH 4430 high clearance sprayer, 3300 hours, 1200 gallon tank, 120-ft., Aim Command, Viper Pro guidance.

2014 Case IH 4430 high clearance sprayer, 2800 hours, 1200 gallon tank, 120-ft., Aim Command Pro, Viper Pro guidance.

2008 John Deere 1835 drill complete with 1910 tow between 430 bushel tank, 10” spacing, 60ft., NH3 kit and 2000 gallon tow behind tank.

WANTED BIG BUD 525-50

Roger Wilde, Rawco Farms Inc. (385) 471-5568

treasure state wood boilers llc Treasure State Wood Boilers llc Treasure State Wood Boilers Take advantage of up to $2000 tax credit per year available on Pristine Models only

ure Charley & Natalie treasure state e Bucklin wood d boilers llc lers406-879-9723 LLC Bigfork, MT - Chinook, MT

crownroyalstoves.com

Sales • Installation • Service TreasureStateWoodBoilers@gmail.com Charley W. Bucklin | 406-879-9723 TreasureStateWoodBoilers@gmail.com

ure e d lers LLC

Bigfork, MT

treasure state wood boilers llc

COLORS

4 Parallel Squeeze Bed

4 Pivot Squeeze Bed

1989 Chev 3500 dually, regular cab, 4x4, gas, mounted with DewEze 480 and a T&S cake feeder, 44,000 miles.

2016 Chev 2500 HD 6.0L, 4x4, regular cab.

LEGEND BRUSH CUTTER 78” standard flow, like new.

##### The Moon, according to scientists, is about 4.5 billion years old. It’s believed to have been formed from debris flung into space when the Earth collided with another planetary structure, Theia.

EQUIPMENT FOR SALE

You will LOVE this blast from the past!

This vehicle runs well as it’s been restored, and in great shape to continue working on a ranch. This Heavy Duty Gem, 1955 stock truck will work hard for the rancher and will show nice for the restoration group.

Take a look!

This Excavator will make tough jobs easy at a low cost today. Well maintained for a reliable ranch tool. Heavy duty equipment for easy earthwork.

Ready for a new owner. Great for ditches and pipe trenches. VIN223883.

$7500

$6900

Brad Mildenberger • 406-360-2623 • Hamilton, MT

FARMALL TRACTOR COLLECTION FOR SALE Running Tractors:

Cub Hi-Crop, Cub Lo-Boy, OS-4, 2 Super A’s, Super A-V, Super A Hi-Crop, Super M-V Hi-Crop, Super M-TA, Power Unit

Project and Parts Tractors:

McCormick-Deerings MD 10-20, MD 15-20, F-12, F-20, F-14, WD-9, 2 MD W-9’s.

Farmalls H, A, M, Super A, Super M, Super M-D Implements: Super A belly blade, A post hole digger, Cub discs, Cub mower, baler, side delivery rake.

Plus:

Many Farmall and McCormick Deering parts; advertising; and other Farmall memorabilia...

Located in Ryegate, MT Call: 406-568-2201

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Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page B15

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Contact Dave Taylor: 406-357-2166

Chinook, MT

Home Phone - 406-357-2162 Highway 2 West, Chinook, MT 1/2 mile west of Chinook

LOADS OF TRAILERS COMING IN EVERY WEEK! CALL FOR MORE INFO!

Large Trailer Parts Inventory!

Axles • Springs • Lights • Fenders • Straps • Tie-downs • Jacks • Bearings & Seals • Etc.

NEW BUMPER PULL UTILITY TRAILERS

• 5-ft. x 8-ft. to 83” x 14-ft.

NEW DIAMOND C Low Profile Dump Trailers with tarps

LPD 210 12-ft. gooseneck with (2) 10,000 lb. axles...............................$24,595 LPD 207 14-ft. gooseneck with (2) 7000 lb. axles..................................$16,995 LPD 307 16-ft. gooseneck with (3) 7000 lb. axles..................................$22,295 LPT 207 14-ft. bumper pull with (2) 7000 lb. axles, telescopic hoist......$15,995

Used Diamond C 24-ft,. triple axle, bumper pull, tilt trailer with 3) 7000# axles.....$9500

PRONGHORN HILLSBORO & CIRCLE D

UTILITY

FLATBEDS - IN STOCK!

NEW HEAVY DUTY FLATBED GOOSENECK TRAILERS

Diamond C 32-ft., (2) 10,000 lb. axles, hydraulic beavertail..................$27,395 Diamond C 32-ft., (2) 12,000 lb. axles, Max ramps...............................$24,495 Diamond C 30-ft., (2) 10,000 lb. axles, Max ramps...............................$21,995 Diamond C 32-ft., (2) 10,000 lb. axles, Max ramps...............................$22,495 Doolittle 32-ft., (2) 10,000 lb. axles, Max ramps...................................$20,495 Circle D 31-ft. 2) 10,000 lb. axles, Max ramps......................................$17,995 Circle D 31-ft., (3) 7000 lb. axles, Max ramps.......................................$16,895 Doolittle 30-ft., (2) 10,000 lb. axles, Max ramps...................................$19,995 Circle D 29-ft., (2) 10,000 lb. axles, Max ramps....................................$17,595 Circle D 27-ft., (2) 10,000 lb. axles, Max ramps....................................$16,995 Circle D 25-ft., (2) 7000 lb. torsion axles, Max ramps...........................$12,995 Diamond C 28-ft., (3) 7000 lb. axles, Low Profile tilt trailer...................$18,995 Diamond C 26-ft., (2) 7000 lb. axles, full tilt..........................................$15,595

Mini Excavators

13 1/2 h.p. Briggs & Stratton motors, 5-ft. dig depth

12-ft. x 77” single axle trailer, 3500# axle $1200

TURNOVER BALL A hitch when you need it...

A level bed when you don’t

COMPANION™ 5th WHEEL RV HITCH

Mounts to rails bolted under the bed, or attaches easily to B&W’s turnover ball gooseneck hitch. Easy adjustment of height & lateral positions.

See us for your HydraBed needs!

IN STOCK

NEW DIAMOND C & DOOLITTLE Bumper Pull Tilt Trailers

20-ft. • 22-ft. & 24-ft. with 7000 lb., 8000 lb. & 10,000 lb. axles Diamond C 20-ft. full tilt, 82” wide, 14,900 GVW..............$11,895 Diamond C 22-ft. 6+16, partial tilt, 14,900 GVW, 82” wide...$12,495 Doolittle 20-ft. 4+16, partial tilt, 82” wide, 14,000 GVW.....$10,395

$7995 ea

LOOK

enclosed trailers in stock

Diamond C low profile, scissor lift trailer, 12-ft.x77”, tread plate floor, 7000 lb. axles, 16” tires...........................................................$5995 COME SEE OUR NEW LINE OF DOOLITTLE TRAILERS!

4’x7’ Heavy Duty Trailer Mats $90 each

NEW 2023 STOCK TRAILERS

20-ft. x 6-ft. 8”, 7000 lb. axles, 14 ply tires, one center gate, bull package......... $16,995 24-ft. x 6-ft. 8”, 7200 lb. axles, 14 ply tires, 2 sliding center gates, bull package ...$18,595 24-ft. x 6-ft. 8”, 7200 lb. axles, 14 ply tires, 2 sliding center gates, bull package, brush fenders............................................................................................................ $18,995

Carhaulers, and single & tandem axle utility trailers

3500 lb., 5200 lb., 7000 lb. & 8000 lb. axles

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Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page B16

ITEMS FOR SALE

(2) 2002 Flexi-Coil 567XL sprayers, 1500 gallon tank, 120-ft. boom, windscreens, monitors, mix tank, jet nozzles, 1 for parts............................................................. $8500 obo for both Winkel portable cattle loading chute with 30” swing gate. Used 3 times. Sells new for $5100. ..............................................................................................................................$4250 obo 1984 Steiger Panther KM360 tractor, 4WD, 855 Cummins engine, 360 hp, Spicer SST1010 transmission, 4 hydraulic remotes, 8500 hours, radial tires, stored inside for last 10 years, new batteries. Runs good..................................................................................$33,500 obo 2009 Flexi-Coil S1070 New Holland sprayer, 1600 gallon tank, 480/80R38 tires.................... ...........................................................................................................................$10,500 obo OBO - All items stored inside.

Call 406-265-7395, Havre, MT

MT Tractors Call (406) 370-6362 - Stevensville, MT Email: penderfarms@aol.com

JD TRACTORS

NH TRACTORS

John Deere 7530 Premium, New Holland T7030 MFD, powerMFWD, PowrQuad, LHR, shift, 3-pt, 6200 hours.$60,000 nice!...........................$72,500 John Deere 7430 MFWD, IVT transmission, 6350 hours.

John Deere 4255 MFWD, Power Very clean..................$69,000 shift............................$40,000 John Deere 7215R MFWD, IVT John Deere 7420 Check our web site: transmission, 3400 hours.

John Deere 4250 Very nice..................$104,000 mttractors.com

COMING IN: New Holland 8770

Henke ~ Chester, MT HENKE ENTERPRISES INC. Dougcell (406) 799-2616

40-ft. to 48-ft. header trailers available

eDrive Coming for John Deere & Case Sprayers!!

ROMAFA STAINLESS STEEL AIR SEEDER PARTS AVAILABLE! 10-ft. & 12-ft. dirt box blades

MANY USED SPRAYERS FOR SALE, MORE COMING!!!!!

$49,900 AND UP!!!!

Website - trucksprayers.com Henke Enterprises Inc. offers* Complete Spray Truck assembly * Truck Frame work * Hydraulic work * Welding of steel, aluminum, stainless steel * Machining - lathe work (18”x80”) and milling * Custom built wheels for floaters & etc. - Powder Coated * Crane truck work 50-ft. of height * Electronic testing and repairs * Over 20 years experience with Marflex-SprayFlex sprayers * All sprayers tested on our irrigated and dryland farm

IN STOCK

MARFLEX SPRAYER PARTS AVAILABLE

BUILDING ~ COMING IN

2013 Sprayflex sprayer, 120-ft. boom, 1300 gallon tank, 2004 International 4300 truck, floater tires .......................................$59,900 2012 International 7400 with 120-ft. sprayer ... ............................................................... Call 2009 John Deere 4930 **EDRIVE sprayer new electric drive conversion 120-ft. booms ........ .......................................................$169,900

Contact your authorized dealer

Henke Enterprises Inc., Doug Henke, Chester, MT

• 406-759-5877 or cell 406-799-2616

email: grain@ttc-cmc.net

Build spots for spring If you make a pdf to make smaller like October 2016 be 2024 sure to make High Quality pdf Spyders are being booked!

Come see a 60-ft. Spyder working on our farm

DBL Sales and Service, LLC

US Dealer for K-Hart Direct Seeding Disc Drills Dave and Brock Linker • 6960 North Coffee Creek Rd, Coffee Creek, MT 59424 Office phone: 406-567-2632 • Cell: 406-350-2266 or 406-350-2886

Clean and disinfect your garden tools for next year

By Esther E. McGinnis, Horticulturist, NDSU Extension I’ve been watching a busy squirrel prepare for winter. It scurries around the neighborhood gathering acorns from all the oak trees. Like our wildlife, gardeners are busy with end of season tasks.

One of the final tasks is cleaning, disinfecting and putting away tools. Quality gardening tools are not cheap and should be carefully maintained before storing. Simple cleaning is not always enough because our tools frequently come into contact with diseased garden plants that harbor bacteria, fungi or viruses. To prevent disease transmission to plants next year, tools should be subjected to a two-step cleaning and disinfecting process.

The first step is to remove residual dirt, plant sap and debris. A stiff brush or a soapy scrub sponge can be effective in removing debris. Alternatively, a strong jet of water can be used to dislodge soil.

Once cleaned, the tool can then be disinfected to kill plant disease organisms. Gardeners have access to many home disinfectants but not all are considered equal in their ability to kill bacteria, fungi and viruses.

One of the worst disease organisms that can persist on tools such as pruners and saws is the fire blight bacteria that affects apple and pear trees. The University of California conducted an experiment testing the ability of Clorox® bleach, Lysol® concentrate, Pine-Sol®, rubbing alcohol (70%, 91% and 99%), Listerine® mouthwash, and hydrogen peroxide to kill the fire blight bacteria and to prevent disease transmission on tools. Of the tested products, soaking the tool for one or more minutes in Clorox, Lysol, and Pine-Sol was the most effective.

For fire blight, these three disinfectants can be diluted to one-part disinfectant to four-parts water and still be effective. After removing tools from the soak, an important step in the disinfection process is to allow the tools to air dry rather than wiping them dry.

While Clorox, Lysol, and Pine-Sol are quite effective at controlling this tough bacteria, an important consideration is the corrosiveness of the chemical compounds. Bleach and Pine-Sol are known to corrode metal tools. Rub some linseed or mineral oil on the metal after disinfection to prevent rusting over the winter.

Unfortunately, there are few tool disinfection studies for disease organisms other than fire blight. However, the general rule of thumb is to soak your tools for a longer period of time if the metal is pitted or if there are lots of nooks and crannies.

Personally, I use both Lysol and bleach. I would prefer to disinfect all my tools in undiluted Lysol® All-Purpose Cleaner because it doesn’t corrode metal. However, it is not cost-effective for larger tools and objects. Therefore, I soak small hand tools such as pruners and hand saws in Lysol for 2 to 3 minutes. These are also the tools that are more likely to come into contact with fire blight. With respect to larger tools such as shovels and tomato cages, I use a one-part bleach to 9-part water solution in a large bucket as my disinfectant.

Under the Influence What goes on in your body when you’ve been drinking alcohol? Here are some basic facts: When you drink an alcoholic beverage, your body absorbs about 90% of the alcohol in the drink. The rest is exhaled, sweated out, or passed out in urine.

On average, a normal liver can process 10 grams of alcohol per hour. That’s the equivalent of one glass of wine, half a pint of beer, or one shot of 80 proof spirits. (Exactly how much depends on a number of things, including your weight and gender.)

Alcohol is a depressant, which means that it slows down the activity of your central nervous system by replacing the water around the nerve cells in your body.

Alcohol also changes the density of the fluid and tissue in the part of our ears that controls your sense of balance.

That’s why it can be difficult to walk, or even stand up, when you’ve had to much to drink.

November November’s name has remained unchanged since the ancient Roman calendar, which was in use until 45 BC. This first Roman calendar was only made up of ten months, with November being the ninth month. November actually translates rather appropriately into “ninth month” in Latin.

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page B17

406-727-7153

4181 North Park Trail - Great Falls, MT (G)

406-538-3919

77335 US HWY 87 - Lewistown, MT (L)

www.hovenequipment.com

WEEDit

Great Falls Sales:

James – 868-2570; Hunter – 868-8312; Adam – 403-5987; Will – 590-0372; Tyler – 868-4194

Lewistown Sales: Anna – 231-4251

Call us for all your used equipment needs!

SNOW REMOVAL

MTD 31A-611D000 22”, 2 stage snowblower. stk# 26304............................................... (G) Toro 38473 snowblower. stk# 30234.......... (G) Toro 38170 snowblower. stk# 5810............ (G) Buhler YC1080D snowblower. stk# 6771... (G) Bobcat 10-ft. snowblower. stk# 29653......... (L)

ROUND BALERS

BALE PROCESSORS

Haybuster 2660 processor. stk# 31098...... (G) Haybuster 2650 processor. stk# 30759...... (G) Haybuster 256 stk# 29172.............. $1495 (G) Haybuster BB256 left-hand discharge. stk# 29173........................................... $1495 (G) Haybuster 256+II stk# 30261..................... (G) Haybuster 256+II round only. stk# 30279.... (L) Vermeer BPX9010 R&S processor, 1000 PTO, right hand discharge. stk# 29565............. (L)

CONSTRUCTION

New Holland LM7.42 Elite Telehandler. stk# 22833.......................................................(L) NEW Bobcat S66 skidsteer. stk# 28427..... (G) NEW Bobcat T64 CTL skidsteer, touch display, rear camera, heated seat. stk# 30714.... (G) Cat 259D skidsteer, cab, AC, pilot control, standard flow, color display. stk# 31157..........(L) Quick Attach Sledge Pounder skidsteer mount. stk# 29228................................... (G)

TRACTORS

NEW New Holland T7.245 tractor. stk# 29322...................................................... (G)

New Holland RB560 net only. stk# 22242... (L) New Holland RB560 laced belts, ISO, net only, 1000 PTO with cut out clutch. stk# 22244..(L) New Holland RB560 ISO with monitor, endless belts, net/twine, 1000 PTO. stk# 22245... (L) New Holland RB560 ISO with monitor, endless belts, x-wide pickup, net/twine, 1000 PTO. stk# 23925................................................ (L) New Holland BR7090 baler, net/twine. stk# 30659....................................................... (L) New Holland 664 net/twine. stk# 30105. ... (G) Case IH RB565 net/twine, 1000 PTO, x-wide pickup, ISO with monitor, endless belts. stk# 29795....................................................... (L) Case IH RB564 net/twine, x-wide pickup, 1000 PTO, laced belts. stk# 30758................... (L) Vermeer 605L round baler, twine only, 540 PTO, bale kicker, hay saver wheels. stk# 21490.... ................................................................ (G) John Deere 569 net/twine, 1000 PTO, large flotation tires, hydraulic kicker. stk# 30997.(L) Hesston 956A twine only. stk# 9821..$6900 (G) Hesston 856A stk# 22105............... $4900 (G) Gehl RB1870 stk# 28492................. $2495 (G)

2009 Bobcat 325G compact excavator, 2800 hours. stk# 15179. .......................... $26,900 Vermeer BPX9010R processor. stk# 29561.(L) Vermeer BPX9000 bale processor, round only. stk# 20679............................................... (G) Vermeer BPX8000 round only. stk# 11189..(L)

Toro TX525 Dingo wide track, diesel engine, stand-on platform. stk# 28506................. (G)

RAKES

Vermeer BP8000 round only. stk# 11240......... ................................................... $16,900 (L)

SQUARE BALERS

Bale King 5100 processor, round only, right hand discharge. stk# 29070.................... (G) New Holland BC5080 square baler. stk# 28613 ................................................................ (G) New Holland 340P square baler, density control, tandem axle, ISO intellview, large 1000 PTO, roller chute, roller windguard. stk# 30935..(L)

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John Deere 5410 tractor, ROPS 540 loader, bucket, pallet forks, 540 PTO, 2 rear remotes. stk# 31132................................................(L) Massey Ferguson GC1720TLB tractor. stk# 19254...................................................... (G) Steiger PT225 tractor. stk# 20554.............. (G)

Vermeer R2800 28-ft. rake. stk# 30963....... (L)

Bobcat CT2025HST tractor stk# 29350.......(L)

Canola Roller 34371 adapter 9-ft. with Freeform Plastics MT2000 roller. stk# 28550......... (G) Gradall 4,000 lb. forks. stk# 24230............. (G) New Holland 14HS series sickle header, rubber conditioner. stk# 30722........................... (G) New Holland 971 header. stk# 19691.............. ..................................................... $3900 (G)

NEW New Holland 1631 rake, 16 wheel high capacity, single side opening, 60”, rear tandems, rear hydraulic opening. stk# 28671.(G) New Holland 216 rake. stk# 30906............ (G)

New Holland TV140 tractor. stk# 29662..... (G) New Holland TN95 FA tractor. stk# 26075..(G)

ROCKPICKER

MISCELLANEOUS

HEADERS

New Holland TM150 tractor, Supersteer 112 bar axle, cab suspension. stk# 29559........... (G)

H&S MK14 14 wheel rake. stk# 23701........ (L) H&S MK14 14 wheel rake. stk# 31155......... (L)

NEW Haybuster 3106 rockpicker. stk# 30518.. ................................................................. (L) Crown 400 rockpicker. stk#30664............... (G)

COMBINES

John Deere 9600 combine, 930R header with fore & aft, 20-ft. unloading auger, straw chopper with chaff spreader, new rear tires, grain loss monitor. stk# 30849......................... (G) Case 1660 with header. stk# 13168............ (G)

Hesston 12 wheel rake. stk# 30919............ (L)

SPRAYER

New Holland SF115 sprayer. stk# 28655... (G)

Kubota BX2380 compact tractor. stk# 30042.. .................................................. $16,900 (G)

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Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page B18

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Best practices for vaccinating, handling and caring for animal health equipment

By Jesse Fulton, Extension Educator, Director of Nebraska Beef Quality Assurance Fall weaning and transportation can be a high-stress period for calves that may be transitioning from one operation to another.

As animal care providers, it’s our job to take that into consideration and do all we can to reduce the stress load on these animals.

First, let’s think of the period in which cattle are being transported as them running a marathon. A past BQA survey indicated that feeder calves traveling to Texas or Nebraska feedyards traveled up to 468 miles. When those animals step off the truck, they are likely exhausted, nutritionally depleted, and susceptible to an illness.

If we immediately run them through a chute, the stress of weaning or of transportation may influence how the animal’s immune system reacts to an immune challenge brought on by a vaccine.

To make sure animals get the most benefit from any health therapies at receiving, producers can utilize basic Beef Quality Assurance (BQA) Best Management Practices (BMPs).

Receiving and vaccinating cattle As animals walk off the truck, evaluate and document the animals’ condition and anything that needs immediate attention.

Allow freshly received animals to rest for 24-72 hours before processing. They should have access to long-stem hay and unlimited fresh, clean water. This rest period allows time for the animals to settle and adjust to their new environment, whether that’s a dedicated “receiving” pen or the animals’ home pen.

Vaccinate after animals have rested and had a chance to eat and drink, dropping their stress level and giving their immune system a chance to recover and prepare for responding to the vaccine.

Vaccines should be given in front of the shoulder unless otherwise directed by the label.

All animal health treatments should be recorded and documented.

No animal should be marketed until all animal health product withdrawal periods have passed.

Vaccine Care Read the label and follow directions for uses, storage guidelines, administration, dosage and other instructions.

Do not expose vaccines to conditions outside the labeled temperature ranges, including freezing, or to sunlight.

Light-sensitive animal health products should be transported and stored chute-side in a cooler with ice packs, if necessary. Use

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a towel or cardboard divider to keep the products from coming into contact with the ice packs, which can cause slushing/freezing.

Some animal health products can be frozen and thawed safely, but others release endotoxins if they are frozen and thawed, which can be harmful and cause serious complications, including death.

Anytime the vaccine gun is not being used, it should be stored in the cooler, or at least out of the sunlight.

If the vaccine or animal health product needs to be mixed, mix only what can be used in an hour or less. Some products are viable for a limited time once mixed, so mixing it as you use it helps ensure its effectiveness and that you don’t waste product when unforeseen delays happen.

Use caution when shaking/mixing animal health products, even when instructed to “mix well” by the label. Shaking vigorously can damage the product, releasing endotoxins. The best way to mix it is to roll it between your hands, swishing it around in the vial, both clockwise and counterclockwise, and turning it upside-down several times.

Syringes Label your syringes and have separate syringes assigned for specific products. Inadvertently mixing animal health products or subjecting products to cross-contamination from syringes can have adverse implications.

Never mix animal health products in the same syringe to reduce the number of injections. This is prohibited by federal law for producers.

Sanitize syringes and reusable equipment using heat—boiling water or steam. Do not use detergents (soaps) or disinfectants (alcohols) to clean syringes. These products may leave a residue that can damage or destroy animal health products on the next use.

Needles Always use a new, sterile needle when drawing up animal health products, to avoid contaminating the product left in the bottle, which may make it useless.

Change needles every 10-15 head and/ or every time you refill the syringe, or if the needles are contaminated, dull, develop a bur, or bend. Needles are cheap, compared to the cost of vaccines and animal health.

Many of the best management practices mentioned in this article are from the Nebraska BQA and National BQA program guidelines.

If you have any questions or to find out more, please visit bqa.unl.edu.

Accidental discovery: Insulin In 1889 Joseph von Mering and Oskar Minkowski, two German scientists, were studying the digestive system. As part of their experiments, they removed the pancreas from a living dog to see what role the organ plays in digestion.

The next day a laboratory assistant noticed an extraordinary number of flies buzzing around the dog’s urine. Von Mering and Minkowski examined the urine to see why… and were surprised to discover that it contained a high concentration of sugar. This indicated that the pancreas plays a role in removing sugar from the bloodstream.

Von Mering and Minkowski were never able to isolate the chemical that produced this effect, but their discovery enabled Canadian researchers John J. R. MacLeod and Frederick Banting to develop insulin extracts from horse and pig pancreases and to pioneer their use as a treatment for diabetes in 1921. ##### Kobe Bryant was the youngest player to start an NBA game, at just 18.5 years old.

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page B19

Fall armyworm awareness

Needing an irrigation or stock water project design?

By Samantha Daniel, UNL migrates north from southern states when In previous years, portions of eastern populations build up in late summer. Once Nebraska have seen unprecedented numcaterpillars are ¾ inch, they can do considerbers of fall armyworm caterpillars feeding able damage in a few days. Because of this, on alfalfa, brome regrowth in pastures, and it is important to scout fields and pastures in newly seeded small grain crops such as the early morning and late afternoon, when wheat, triticale, and rye. While reports of caterpillars are most active, to spot them armyworm damage have not been received when they are small. so far this year, it is a good idea to keep an A reasonable treatment threshold is findeye out for this insect. ing 3 or more caterpillars per square foot Fall armyworm caterpillars can be distinwithin a field or pasture. There are several guished from other Lepidopterans by markinsecticides labeled to control this insect inings on the head that resemble an inverted cluding Mustang Maxx, Besiege, and Sevin.

“Y” and four spots on the last abdominal For forage crops be sure to check the grazsegment that form a square. This insect does not overwinter in Nebraska, but rather CONTINUED ON PAGE B23

Irrigation designs based on planted crops, soil texture, and available water.

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Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page B20

How to prevent and treat Polioencephalomalacia (PEM) in sheep and goats

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By Richard Ehrhardt, Small Ruminant Extension Specialist, Michigan State University Symptoms of PEM Polioencephalomalacia (PEM) is also Thiamine deficiency and/or high sulfur known as cerebrocortical necrosis (CCN) levels within the brain cause destruction of and is a relatively common nutritional disneurons and swelling of the brain which can order in sheep and goats. A common name be diagnosed by histological examination of for this disease in sheep and goats is “polio”; brain tissue. Therefore, PEM symptoms however, it has absolutely no relationship are manifest as neurological, with early with the infectious viral disease found in symptoms being partial to complete blindhumans (poliomyelitis). Cases of PEM can ness with the head held erect. This may also be successfully treated if detected early in be associated with unilateral (uneven) ear the disease course, making recognition of droop and/or unusual/exaggerated gait. It early symptoms a critical issue for sheep is common for the pupils to be dilated and and goat producers. for the eyes to tear. PEM affects animals Causes of PEM of all ages but is most common in young The most common cause of PEM is thialambs and kids transitioning from a milk to mine deficiency. Thiamine is a B vitamin solid diet, and especially so in those fed a (vitamin B1) that plays a critical role in all high-grain diet. PEM is also found in adult cells, acting as a cofactor for several key small ruminants of either sex at any age but enzymes involved in glucose metabolism. more commonly associated with changes Thiamine is especially important for proper in diet (change in the plane of nutrition, brain function as the brain relies on glucose pasture type, pasture to forage feeding, foras its major source of energy. Since the age feeding to grain addition, etc.). PEM brain controls nearly all bodily functions, symptoms are similar regardless of age. adequate thiamine levels in the brain are of Early blindness symptoms lead within hours critical importance for normal health and to a day to loss of body control, inability well-being. Thiamine is not produced in to stand, and seizures. In more advances animal cells but is produced by rumen mistates, animals commonly arch their heads crobes, which provide the major source of back as far as possible. PEM symptoms thiamine to adult sheep and goats. Milk-fed may present itself similarly to listeriosis and lambs and kids must get thiamine preformed even ketosis. However, thiamine therapy is from their diet to meet requirements. But relatively benign, so it is best to treat with then as they transition to becoming rumithiamine as a precaution. nants, they rely on their rumen microbes Treatment of PEM to synthesize thiamine as their thiamine Many cases of PEM response to prompt source. The incidence of polio tends to be administration of thiamine (minimum dose higher in lambs and kids during the period of 10 mg/kg bodyweight). Effective but when they transition to becoming full ruslightly more risky therapy would be to minants. inject the first dose slowly intravenously Inadequate thiamine levels are not the (IV) followed by another dose provided only cause of PEM in sheep and goats, intramuscularly (IM). Animals occasionally but it is responsible for the vast majority respond rapidly to the initial dose, although of cases observed. Another cause of PEM slow recovery to standing may take up to documented much better in cattle is exces5 days with full recovery evident after 2-3 sive sulfur intake from sources including weeks. The recommended dosage should water, feed ingredients and forage. Elbe given twice per day for 2 days followed evated dietary sources of sulfur in sheep by once daily injection for 5 days. Vitamin and goat diets include by-product feeds B complex formulations can be purchased of the ethanol industry such as wet or dry containing thiamine, but it is highly recdistiller’s grains with solubles. The sulfur ommended that producers have a bottle content of these feeds may vary according of concentrated thiamine on hand (250 to to the processing plant or even the batch, 500 mg/mL) at all times. Concentrated as much of the additional sulfur content formulations of thiamine are a prescription in these by products results from addition product, so be sure to work with your vetof acidifying agents such as sulfuric acid erinarian on any PEM treatment program. during the production process. The usage Additional therapeutic value may be found of these sulfur-rich products varies across by administration of anti-inflammatory ethanol plants, so blanket statements redrugs to reduce brain inflammation along garding ethanol by-product feeds as being with thiamine administration. Consult your high in sulfur cannot be made. Sheep and veterinarian for information on the safe and goats also consume cruciferous or brassica effective use of anti-inflammatory drugs. forages such as turnips, rape, mustard and Animals with PEM may take several days oil seed meals; products which can be high to stand on their own, so it is important in sulfur as well. isolate all cases and provide supportive care PEM can also be triggered by amprolium to encourage water and feed consumption therapy for coccidiosis. Amprolium effec(provide both grain and forage free choice to tively competes with thiamine for uptake encourage standing and feed consumption). into the brain which therefore can induce Animals that have been down for a few days PEM. Therefore, animals on amprolium may require a little assistance and retraining therapy should be watched carefully for polio. Induction of PEM with amprolium CONTINUED ON PAGE B21 in uncommon but not rare.

This image shows a lamb with advanced PEM symptoms: head arched and unable to stand.

This is the same lamb 4 days after a daily thiamine therapy regime. The lamb recovered completely in 2 weeks and is now a productive, 4-year-old ewe.

How to prevent and treat Polioencephalomalacia (PEM) in sheep and goats

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page B21

Neal Hay Sales

CONTINUED FROM PAGE B20

to get them standing. In cases that are more advanced, thiamine therapy may not be able to overcome brain trauma that has occurred and euthanasia may be indicated.

Prevention of PEM Most cases of PEM are isolated and sporadic in nature and are associated with changes in feed of some sort. Therefore, it is difficult to develop an effective prevention program for these cases, although making gradual dietary transitions will certainly reduce the incidence of PEM along with many other health concerns.

In circumstances when PEM becomes common such as in feedlot lambs that are in transition to a high or exclusively grain diet, the risk may be reduced by providing adequate dietary fiber. Lamb/kid finishing diets that are low in fiber may need to be adjusted to raise dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF) above 15%. Another consideration in situations of high PEM incidence would be to make sure that part or all this

NDF is provided in a physical form that encourages rumination, such as forage with a chop length greater than 3 inches.

Addition of feed grade thiamine can also be made to the diet, but this therapy can be expensive and its efficacy has not been thoroughly evaluated in growing lambs or kids.

Summary PEM is a common nutritional disorder in sheep and goats that commonly leads to mortality without intervention. As with many disorders and disease conditions, early detection is key for successful treatment. Producers should work with their DVM to specify a treatment plan and to be sure to have a bottle of concentrated thiamine on hand at all times. Most PEM cases are isolated and sporadic in nature; however, a higher incidence may occur in lamb/kids on finishing diets. In these cases, the first action should be to increase dietary fiber as a preventative measure.

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Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page B22

Watch for fall-invading insects in the home

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By Janet Knodel, NDSU Some insects invade our homes as the fall weather turns cold outside, including the picture-winged fly or attic fly, boxelder bugs and multicolored Asian lady beetles, says Janet Knodel, North Dakota State University Extension entomologist.

“These insects like to overwinter in people’s homes, especially in older homes,” says Knodel. “Fortunately, these do not sting, destroy furniture or clothing, or carry any diseases.

Once in the house, they warm up and will, fly or crawl about the house. Homeowners often find these lethargic insects on windows where they are attracted to sunlight. These insects are harmless, but can be a nuisance to homeowners.”

During the cool autumn months, picture-winged flies, boxelder bugs and multicolored Asian lady beetles can enter attics, dormers, usually the highest rooms of the home, by forcing themselves through various cracks, crevices and openings. The southern and western exposures of houses are often the warmest where most of the insects will concentrate. They hibernate and overwinter within the walls, in attics, window casings, dark corners in closets and curtains.

Boxelder bugs and multicolored Asian lady beetles can stain carpet and furniture if squished.

The picture-winged fly is similar in appearance to the house fly but has banded or striped wings. The adult boxelder bug is about one-half inch long, brightly colored with three red lines down the prothorax. The multicolored Asian lady beetle is about one-third inch long and ranges from orange to red with up to 19 black spots on the wing covers. This lady beetle has a black “M” marking behind its head.

“Many of the insects fail to survive the winter, so dead insects can accumulate in attics and wall voids,” says Knodel.

“Contrary to popular belief, these insects do not breed or multiply in homes. They do not feed during the winter. They do not bite, except for the multicolored Asian ladybeetle.

Even after these insects are cleaned up from a room, it can be littered by additional dead insects again within days. The continuous presence of insects can be very frustrating.

“The control of these insects cannot be effective until the openings through which they enter are closed,” advises Knodel. While total elimination of insects is virtually impossible, maintaining the house in good physical shape will greatly reduce any infestation. Use tight fitting window screens, especially on the upstairs and attic windows and vents. Screen attic ventilators, attic louvers and utility entry areas. Caulk and seal all cracks and openings near windows, doors, vents and other possible entry sites.

Extension entomologists do not recommend any insecticides inside the home. Insects can be removed with a vacuum, broom and dust pan or window fly traps. It is most important to find and seal or screen the entry points where the insects are getting into the home.

Apple Cider Day Date Celebrated: November 18th Apple cider is one of the greatest joys of the Autumn season, a richly seasoned beverage that warms the stomach and soul in equal measure. Apple Cider Day commemorates this journey and honors the history of this fine sweet beverage.

History of Apple Cider Day Apple Cider Day finds its roots in the history of a drink which has been enjoyed in various forms for as long as apples and presses have coexisted. Cider is also known as the fermented version of apple juice in the rest of the world and is prepared in a manner much like beer. In the Americas, however, it is instead referring to an unfermented drink that is merely the result of putting the apples through a press. The results are neither filtered nor sweetened in the manner of apple juice, and instead results in a drink that has excellent body and a natural flavor to please the palate.

While you can purchase this beverage from any grocery store you happen to come across, the finest apple cider comes from the private farms and local mills that produce it from apples grown in their orchards. Rather than the standardized apples you’ll find in industrially produced cider, these farms use apples that have been through the rigors of a natural growing period and are often of a strain of apple found only in their orchards. This means that the true Apple Cider connoisseur gets to indulge in a local flavor that stands out from the industrially produced variety.

Lake Minatare, fifth-grader Brooklynn Luikens, took a turn at setting an irrigation pipe. Waiting their turn was Micheala Ashing, left, and Addison Reuter. Photo by Chabella Guzman

##### The praying mantis is the only insect that can turn its head. ##### The word “swan” is derived from the Indo-European root *swen, meaning “to sound, to sing.” ##### What’s worse than finding a worm in your apple?

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The DEADLINE for advertising in December 2023 issue is WEDNESDAY, November 29th

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Heart of the Herd

Area fifth-graders learn about the many impacts of water

By Chabella Guzman, UNL PREEC communications specialist The annual Water Education for Tomorrow or W.E.T. event held on Oct. 5-6 welcomed fifth graders from nine western Nebraska schools. The event is hosted by ESU13, and students visited nine stations dealing with water at the North Platte Natural Resources Department in Scottsbluff.

“We try to provide these kinds of learning opportunities for each grade,” said Dave Griess, ESU professional learning coordinator.

Water is a science standard of focus for fifth-graders. Among the nine presenters at the event was the Nebraska Extension 4-H presenting on the Importance of Irrigation.

“So basically, we’re going over where we get our groundwater as well as our surface water and making sure they understand where the water that we grow our food with comes from,” said Stephanie Connelly, Scotts Bluff County 4-H extension assistant. Students set irrigation tubes using various methods taught to them by Connelly and Gary Stone, Nebraska Extension educator. And most of the students only got a little wet while successfully setting tubes.

The youth rotated from station to station, learning about aquatic wildlife, the effects of water erosion, and water and fossils.

“We have around 265 students this year,” said Kyle Ann Hopkins, NPNRD data management and outreach coordinator. “This is our second year of hosting the event, but it’s been going on for more than 20 years.” The students seemed to enjoy the stations, visiting each one about 20 minutes before they moved on to the next.

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page B23

BRED FEMALE SALE TUES, NOV 21 - 9:00 a.m. at LLA EARLY CONSIGNMENT HIGHLIGHTS BRED HEIFERS Weaver Land & Livestock, Big Sandy, MT - 100 heifers, black & bwf, bred to Malek Angus bulls, MARCH 5 Choteau, MT - 130 black heifers, bred blk, FEB 15 for 60 days, sorted for cycle Winnett, MT – 200 Red Angus heifers, bred red, APRIL 1 Geraldine, MT - 35 Angus heifers, bred black, March 1, Hilltop, Carr & Shipwheel breeding BRED COWS Weaver Land & Livestock, Big Sandy - 200 cows, 5-6 yr olds, black bred Hereford, MARCH 5 Weaver Land & Livestock, Big Sandy - 50 cows, 4 yr olds, black bred to Malek Angus bulls, MARCH 5 Dodson, MT – 145 head complete dispersion, Red Angus bred red, MID MARCH Winifred, MT – 130 head complete dispersion, mostly 4-8 yr olds, MARCH 20 Whitlash, MT – 120 head complete dispersion, MARCH-APRIL Lewistown, MT - 115 head complete dispersion, bred to Gaugler Angus bulls, all 3 to 5 yr olds, MARCH 25 Denton, MT - 50 young cows, black & red, FEB 1

Lewistown Livestock Auction

Fall armyworm awareness CONTINUED FROM PAGE B19

ing restriction and post-harvest interval. When considering a chemical treatment option, keep in mind caterpillars ¾ inch or longer are close to maturity and can be harder to control with an insecticide.

Fall armyworm feeding declines with cooler temperatures and the adult moths eventually migrate south. In the meantime, be sure to keep an eye on your pastures and newly seeded fields for any sign of infestation.

Caregiver Appreciation Day

This holiday is always observed on November 13th.

Caregiver Appreciation Day is a very important day. It gives recognition to the tens of millions of Americans who selflessly give their time to care for those who are ill, disabled, or elderly.

This day of recognition is for both paid and unpaid caregivers.

We believe unpaid caregivers deserve even more special recognition. They silently go about the task of supporting someone in need, most often a family member. They give their time freely and often spend their own money in doing so. It can be a thankless task….. without even thanks from the person being cared for or from relatives who find countless reasons not to help.

Some interesting statistics: 29% of the U.S. population, some 65 million Americans are caregivers in some way. This is an astonishing number.

According to the U.S. Department of Labor, over 40 million Americans, age 15 or older, provide unpaid care to the elderly alone.

How to Celebrate Caregiver Appreciation Day Most caregivers, especially unpaid caregivers, do not seek or expect any form of recognition. They do what they do simply because it needs to be done, and it is the right thing to do.

• Give a simple thank you to everyone you know who is a caregiver in any capacity.

• Send a thank you card by mail or email.

• Give them a day off. Take over the role of caring.

Office: 406-535-3535 • 83 Stockyard Lane, Lewistown, MT

Kyle Shobe, Owner 406-366-0472 • Joel Sewell, Field Rep 406-788-9396 Kelly Fischer, Auctioneer 701-426-8200 • Matt Nisly, Auctioneer 406-781-4920

www.LewistownLivestock.com

First Annual Bred Stock & Replacement Heifer Sale The Hi-Line is home to some of the most productive cattle in the nation due to bloodlines full of maternal instinct and pounds that pay! Expecting nearly 1,000 head of stock born and bred on the Hi-Line, with strong genetics from Peterson Grain & Cattle, Shipwheel Cattle Company and Whistling Winds Angus!

Sale Location:

The Hanson Ranch - Box Elder, MT

Sale Managed by CJ & Katie Hanson and Lewistown Livestock Auction.

CJ: 406-399-1004 • Kyle: 406-366-0472

SAT, DECEMBER 16, 2023

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page B24

Embracing antibiotic stewardship in animal agriculture

TRACTOR FOR SALE $

By Penn State Extension

52,000 2017 John Deere 6115D 1900 hours. Clean.

Runs like a new one Delivery available. Phone (406) 253-1001

WHEAT STRAW FOR SALE

300 tons 2023 wheat straw, round bales, net wrapped.

Delivery available from Harrison, Montana.............$60/ton COWMEN: Blend some of this good quality straw with your hay to cheapen your feed ration. Put some out in round bale feeders for “free choice” on winter range. IT WORKS. Phone (406) 539-2306 or email maichelranch@gmail.com

Providing farmers and ranchers with the trainings, resources, and support to increase workplace safety in Montana’s agriculture industry.

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Protect your legacy. Think safety. Act safely.

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Discussions of antibiotic stewardship within the dairy industry typically focus on preventing drug residues in milk and meat produced by the farm. This aspect of antibiotic stewardship is crucial for maintaining a safe food supply, but it is not the only important aspect of antibiotic stewardship.

Outside of animal agriculture, discussions of antibiotic stewardship center on preventing the development and spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria. Although we cannot lose sight of the importance of residue prevention in animal agriculture, we also need to embrace the concept of antibiotic stewardship to prevent antibiotic resistance as well.

Antibiotic resistance is a characteristic of a bacteria when it is no longer affected by an antibiotic that should kill it or stop its growth. Infections caused by antibiotic resistant bacteria are harder to treat and can increase the risk of death, whether the infection is in an animal or a person. Often, inappropriate use of antibiotics is blamed for antibiotic resistance, but this statement is not entirely true. Though inappropriate use certainly drives the development of resistance, any use of antibiotics, even for the most appropriate reasons, can lead to more resistant bacteria. Everyone can play a role in improving both human and animal health by embracing antibiotic stewardship practices. In fact, the first core principle of antibiotic stewardship, as presented by the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA), is to commit to stewardship. By implementing the remaining four AVMA core principles of antibiotic stewardship, farms can make a commitment to help slow the spread of antibiotic resistance while also benefitting the health and productivity of their livestock.

The second core principle of antibiotic stewardship is to focus on the prevention of disease. Since any antibiotic use can lead to resistant bacteria, reducing the need for antibiotics by reducing disease is an ideal way to prevent resistance. Disease prevention in dairy herds has the added benefits of improving animal wellbeing, reducing veterinary costs, and increasing productivity. This may be implemented through protocols directly targeting animal health, such as vaccination, biosecurity, and colostrum management protocols. While other opportunities may be less obvious, such as training milking parlor staff in appropriate milking techniques to minimize the risk of mastitis while also improving milk let down and parlor turn-over rate. Facility design and management can also improve animal health through assuring appropriate stocking rates, providing adequate ventilation, and good cow comfort. Finally, assuring animals are fed a well-balanced diet gives them the nutrition they need to support their immune system to fight disease, while also improving production. These practices, can be summarized as optimizing health, optimizing housing, and optimizing nutrition. When all three are well optimized the result is not only improved animal health, resulting in less need for antibiotics, but maximal production too, a true win-win for the dairy and for public health.

The third core principle of antibiotic stewardship is to select and use antibiotics judiciously. In animal agriculture, veterinary-developed treatment protocols are the hallmark of judicious use. The decision of which antibiotic to use and when is challenging, even for the veterinarian. When choosing an antibiotic, a veterinarian must weigh the ability of the antibiotic to treat the

disease at hand, how well it has performed on the farm or nearby operations, how use of the medication may impact public health, the risk of residues, as well as the convenience and ability of the farm to utilize the product properly. A veterinary-developed treatment protocol will provide a description of how to identify the disease, and in some cases the severity of the disease, how to treat an animal identified with the disease, and when to seek further care if treatment is not effective. It may also outline how to manage the animal differently and, if extralabel medications are used, will provide an extended withhold time to avoid drug residues. These protocols not only assure the best antibiotic for the problem is used, but they can also be more cost-effective due to less antibiotic use and improved health.

The fourth core principle of antibiotic stewardship is to evaluate antibiotic use practices. On the dairy, this translates to good recordkeeping, not only of antibiotic use and withhold periods, but also of what diseases are treated and the outcome of treatment. This can help the herd veterinarian identify if a treatment protocol is working well or not. When a protocol is not effectively treating a disease, the herd veterinarian may suggest a change in treatment protocol or may recommend diagnostics to better understand why the treatment is not working. This helps to assure that the best antibiotic for the operation is being used and that resistance is not developing in pathogens on the farm. Good disease records can also provide early warning of diseases that may be increasing in prevalence, allowing for changes in management or nutrition to correct the problem before it becomes even larger. In addition to targeting treatment choices and early problem identification, good recordkeeping is, of course, critical to preventing antibiotic residues as well.

The final core principle of antibiotic stewardship is to educate and build expertise in antimicrobial stewardship. This can be as simple as reading this article, but there is another side of this education that is far more important to antibiotic stewardship.

Many of the core principles discussed in this article revolve around protocols. It is important to remember that behind every successful protocol are people. Whether a protocol targets treatment, management, or nutrition, it requires good employee training to ensure the protocol is fully understood.

When employees are able to effectively implement the protocols associated with their responsibilities, the farm will see benefits not only to antibiotic stewardship, but to many aspects of animal health and productivity as well.

Antibiotic stewardship, both in terms of residue prevention and antibiotic resistance prevention, is the right choice to promote animal health, public health, and productivity on a dairy. To embrace antibiotic stewardship, focus on four P’s: Prevention, Protocols, Paper, or Pixels (records), and people. By far, the most important of which is to have people committed to stewardship and well educated in their area of expertise working on the dairy. ##### What happens when a strawberry gets run over crossing the street? Traffic jam. ##### What do you get when you mix a cocker spaniel, a poodle, and a ghost? A cockerpoodle boo.

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page C1

Getting the most from grazing corn residue

By Daren Redfearn, UNL Corn harvest is starting. That means corn residue will soon available for grazing. How should grazing be managed to get the most out of them?

When corn residue becomes available for grazing, several decisions need to be made. For starters, how soon should you move cows to graze the residue? Most years you probably should start grazing as soon as possible. The nutrient value of residue declines the longer it is exposed to weathering.

Grazing residue right away will put more condition on cows and faster gains on stockers.

But be sure to check fields for excess grain before grazing. Fields with small ears or fields with wind damage may have more grain loss than usual. Too much corn can cause acidosis and founder. Adapt cattle to a higher grain ration before grazing if a problem is expected.

How to graze is another decision. Be careful, though, about forcing cows to eat the lower stalks. They won’t get much protein or energy from lower stalks and nitrate levels might be dangerously high. If heavy snow or mud occurs before you graze all areas, some good quality feed can be lost.

Whole-field grazing permits fast, early gains but more supplements are needed late in the season after all grain has disappeared. Strip grazing by giving animals only one or two weeks-worth of grazing at a time uses the residue more efficiently than leaving cattle in the same entire field for a couple months or longer. Strip grazing permits a higher stocking rate and provides a more uniform diet.

Whatever your grazing strategy, consider carefully what kind of nutrition animals are getting from the residue, so you neither underfeed nor overfeed expensive supplements.

Be sure to provide salt, calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin A free choice at all times. And once all the grain is gone, cows will need about half a pound per day of an all-natural protein to meet nutrient needs.

Corn residue grazing season is here. Make wise decisions to use it in best way possible.

The deadline for advertising in the December 2023 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be November 29th.

Phone (406) 271-5533 or email: advertising @tradersdispatch.com

Blow Out Sale 2009 Versatile 435 AWD New Kinze 1121 Grain Cart Blow Out Price $170,000 Blow Out Price $118,500

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2022 Iron Bull DTB14 2023 McCormick X1.45C 2023 McCormick X1.55H 2023 McCormick X1.35H C16 Loader with 14-ft. Dump with 3-ft. sides, C18 Loader with C18 Loader with Skid Steer Tool Carrier 14K 6” I-Beam BP Skid Steer Tool Carrier Skid Steer Tool Carrier Blow Out Price $40,450 Blow Out Price $36,241 Blow Out Price $30,000 Blow Out Price $14,242 Be ready for the next big snowfall with a new snowblower!

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2021 Dodge Durango RT AWD, 5.7 Hemi OUR PRICE: $41,999

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1998 GMC Suburban 3/4-ton, 2WD, 7.4L 454 Vortex Big Block OUR PRICE: $13,950

2021 Ford Explorer Limited AWD, Ecoboost OUR PRICE: $35,548

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2017 Ford F350 Platinum Crew cab, short box, 6.7 diesel OUR PRICE: $62,999

2006 Ford F250 Lariat Extended cab, short box, 5.4 V8 OUR PRICE: $7999

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page C2

COMBINE, TRACTOR, SERVICE TRUCK FOR SALE

1995 John Deere 9600 combine, 3970 engine hours, 2539 separator hours, Sunnybrook high enertia cylinder, TSR straw chopper and 930 header.

Stored inside when not is use................................................................ Asking $35,000 1974 Versatile 800 tractor, 270 hp, 18.4x38 tires at 30%, 3 hydraulic controls and plumbed return for an air drill, 7000 hours............................. Asking $9000 1974 Chevrolet 1-ton dually with service body, 454 engine and 4 speed transmission.................................................................................. Asking $3000 Phone Chad Swanson, (406) 289-0069, Pendroy, Montana

SNOW CAT FOR SALE 1992 Bombardier BR400+ complete with 12 way blade and snow groomer, Cummins engine, hydrostatis drive, 13,000 hours..........................................................................$19,000

Phone (406) 265-3161 and leave message More information at kaergrain.com

Dividend Extreme

Phone: 406-378-2112

We treat with Thank You Dividend Extreme, for another Cruiser, Proceed, and Cruiser Max successful fall!

Cereal

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p Certified Agassiz p Certified Daytona (green pea)

Protect poultry flocks from HPAI this fall With the continued presence of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in wild birds in North Dakota, North Dakota State University Extension specialists continue to encourage biosecurity practices for bird owners of all sizes and around wild birds. North Dakota has had no positive domestic cases since April. However, with positive cases occurring currently in Canada, the risk of transmission will increase as fall migration continues.

Hunters participating in fall season should be aware of the risk of HPAI in wildlife and use measures to prevent transmission to domestic poultry flocks. Sick wildlife will display neurological symptoms. Hunters of wild birds are more likely to have increased exposure to the virus, which may increase risk of infection,” says Dr. Gerald Stokka, NDSU Extension veterinarian and livestock stewardship specialist. “Hunters should dress game birds in the field when possible and practice good biosecurity to prevent any potential disease spread.”

“Dogs are not at high risk to contract the virus,” says Dr. Stokka. “However, there have been documented cases of dogs transmitting HPAI to domestic flocks. If your dog has interacted with wildlife, take measures to keep them away from poultry.”

“According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the public health risk from the current HPAI outbreak is low,” says Miranda Meehan, NDSU Extension livestock environmental stewardship specialist. “People should not handle dead wild birds and also should avoid transporting sick or dead birds.”

“If you hunt and have domestic poultry and birds, do not wear hunting clothes while you are in with your birds,” says Meehan. “Infected birds shed bird flu viruses in their saliva, mucous and feces.”

One of the first clinical signs for domestic birds is sudden, unexplained death. Most HPAI cases are reporting a decline in water consumption up to 72 hours prior to the unexplained death. Decreased egg production and depression in layers may be another sign that birds are not feeling well. Purple or dry combs, being quieter than normal, frequent laying down and swelling around eyes are other symptoms birds may experience. Chickens and turkeys are most susceptible to HPAI. Waterfowl such as geese and ducks carry the virus and spread it to other birds.

“The best defense against HPAI is having a biosecurity plan in place,” says Mary Keena, NDSU Extension livestock environmental management specialist. “A biosecurity plan is critical in protecting your birds. It is your job as a flock owner to create a line of separation between your clean flock and the potential unclean issues that wildlife or visitors may bring.”

To reduce transmission between wild and domestic birds: Non-lethal methods to deter wild birds are available on the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s wildlife damage webpage: https://bit.ly/deter-wild-birds.

Reduce the attractiveness for wild birds to stop at your place by cleaning up litter and spilled feed around your domestic poultry housing.

If you come in contact with or handle wild birds, change into clean clothes, wash your hands and disinfect your footwear prior to contact with domestic birds.

Report sick or deceased wild birds.

In the event you need to handle or dispose of carcasses to reduce potential interactions, be sure to follow the appropriate procedures: ndsu.ag/hpai.

To reduce transmission between domestic flocks: Keep your distance. Restrict access to your property and your birds. Allow contact from people who care for your birds but minimize visitors.

Do not haul disease home. If you have been near other poultry or poultry owners, such as at feed stores, clean and disinfect car and truck tires. New birds should be kept separate from your flock for at least 30 days.

Do not share lawn and garden equipment, tools or poultry supplies with your neighbor or other poultry owners, as these items can transmit disease.

Avian influenza surveillance and testing in wild birds is being done by the USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service and the North Dakota Game and Fish Department.

Report sick and dead wildlife at https://bit.ly/mortalityreport. Direct wild bird avian influenza questions to the North Dakota Game and Fish Department at 701-204-2161.

The North Dakota Game and Fish Department suggests the following practices to reduce risk of infection: Do not handle game that is found dead or appears to be sick.

CONTINUED ON PAGE C3

Protect poultry flocks from HPAI this fall CONTINUED FROM PAGE C2

Do not eat, drink or smoke while cleaning game, and avoid contamination of your eyes, mouth, nose, or any open cuts or sores with blood or other fluids from game that you are cleaning.

Wash hands, cleaning utensils and other surfaces with soap and hot water immediately after cleaning game.

“There is no evidence that anyone has contracted the virus from eating a fully cooked bird, either domestic or wild,” says Julie Garden-Robinson, NDSU Extension food and nutrition specialist and professor of health, nutrition and exercise sciences. “It is always a safe practice to fully cook wild game to 165 degrees Fahrenheit, regardless of whether there is a threat of HPAI.” More information about wild birds is available from: North Dakota Game and Fish – https://bit.ly/nd-avianinfluenza USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service – https://bit.ly/usda-hpai NDSU Extension: Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza – ndsu.ag/hpai NDSU Extension: Care and Handling of Game Birds – ndsu.ag/gamebirds

##### The word “robot” comes from a Czech word “robota,” which means “forced labor, compulsory service, drudgery.”

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page C3

ALL I WANT IS MELTON ALFALFA! MSU Bozeman’s latest Certified Alfalfa Seed Release Also available: Shaw, Wrangler, Ladak

Ernie Johnson 406-357-4182 or cell: 262-3081

Single Feed Rodent Baits For Your Operation

We Control:

Pocket Gophers Mice & Voles Ground Squirrels

Heintz 57 There actually aren’t “57 varieties” of Heinz ketchup, and never were. Company founder H.J. Heinz thought his product should have a number, and he liked 57. Hint: Hit the glass bottle on the “57,” not the bottom, to get the ketchup to flow.

Cake Trivia

1894 - Cake recipe published in London One of the first recipes for cake published in a cookbook appears as a Layer Cake in The Cassell’s New Universal Cookery Book.

Kyle Cordill • 509.239.4411 kyle@rmexterminators.com www.RMExterminators.com

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page C4

HAY FOR SALE Round Bales, Net Wrapped

Hay Barley................................. $125/ton Grass/alfalfa first cutting........... $150/ton Grass/alfalfa second cutting...... $200/ton Located in the Helena Valley Contact John at 406-439-1413 1985 Peterbilt 349 10 yd dump NTC-300 BC Cummins, 13spd, Jake, cold AC, PS, 15-ft. box w/high lift gate, new 11r24.5’s on aluminum, 90% brakes, Hendrickson suspension, Corvette dash, very clean original dump, 580K miles........$37,500 1997 Ford LT9522 Tractor 435 hp 3406E, 13 spd, Jake, AC, PS, 184” W.B., 70% tires and brakes, air ride, 541K miles, runs and drives great..... ....................................$26,500 2000 Ford F650 5-yard Dump 26K GVW, 210 hp 3126 Cat diesel, Allison AT. PS, AB, 90% 22.5 tires, 10-ft. dump, air and electric trailer hookups, under CDL.............................$26,500 1991 Autocar 12-yard Dump 425 hp Cat 3406B, 18 spd., Jake, lift axle, full lockers, 15.5ft. box, 60% 11R24.5’s, 700K miles, pintle hitch, air gate, runs and drives great...$41,500 1998 Gehl DL6h40 Telehandler 4x4, 7,000 lb lift capacity, 40ft. lift height, enclosed cab w/ heat, 3 way steering, 5200 hrs, 4.5 John Deere diesel, 80% 13.00x24 tires, 60” forks, runs and works great...........$42,500 1998 Freightliner FL70 4x4 lube service truck, 126K miles, 26K GVW, Reman 275hp 3126 Cat diesel, MD3060 Allison AT, AC, PS, AB, cruise, 14’ enclosed body, 4 product tanks, hydraulic compressor, workbench, air greaser, 6 hose reels, 90% brakes, runs and drive great...................$39,500 1997 Ford F800 Water Truck Reman 210 hp 5.9 Cummins, 6 spd., AB, AC, PS, 26K gvw, 2000 gallon tank, PTO pump, front, side and rear spray, 75% 22.5’s on aluminum wheels...... ....................................$29,500 1997 Gradall 534C-10 Telehandler 4x4, 40’ lift height, 4BT Cummins, 7100 hrs, outriggers, 10K capacity, 60% 14.00x24 tires, runs and works great....... ....................................$39,500 1980 International Service Truck 210 hp DT466, 5&2 spd., AB, PS, IMT 425AT knuckle boom with remote, hydraulic outriggers, 13 hp Curtis 25CFM compressor, 70% 11r22.5 tires, 12-ft. service body.......$19,500 1998 Caterpillar TH103 Telehandler 10,000 lb capacity, 44-ft lift height, outriggers, 4x4, 3 way steering, 48” forks, 75% 14.00x24 tires, 9100 hrs, runs and works excellent.....$41,500 2001 Chevrolet C6500 210 hp 3126 Cat diesel, 6 spd manual AC, PS, PB, 95K miles, 90% 245/75-19.5 tires, 15-ft. flatbed, PTO hydraulic winch, 26K GVW....................$17,500

J&T Equipment Sales, Stevensville, MT

406-381-3159 – www.jandtequipmentsales.com

Fall cattle lice treatments

By Dave Boxler, Nebraska Extension Educator Treating cattle for lice when it’s conveInsecticide treatments, regardless of apnient—usually during preconditioning and plication method, should be rotated through preg-checking—isn’t necessarily the most insecticide Mode of Action groups (MoA) effective approach. as outlined by the Insecticide Resistance AcWhile late summer and early fall ention Committee, to reduce the likelihood of dectocide (drugs that kill both internal and developing resistance. The IRAC website* external parasitic insects) treatment may offers an app to download or a web-based work on most internal parasites and horn database that outlines which insecticides are flies, lice may escape. in which groups. Since there are 36 different Nebraska cattle are usually infested with groups, it’s best to check the classifications more than one species of lice, and calves, prior to investing in an insecticide strategy. yearlings and older poor-conditioned cattle Continual use of products from a single usually have the heaviest lice infestations. numbered group against a pest species can Heavy louse populations can lower milk lead to reduced control (resistance to all production, stunt growth, cause hair loss, products in the group). The recommended an unthrifty appearance and anemia. management practice to manage resistance University of Nebraska and other studies is to alternate insecticide classes, and that indicate heavy lice populations (more than applies to animal sprays, dusts, non-system10 lice/inch2) may reduce calf weight gains ic pour-ons, and endectocides (injectable by as much as 0.21 lb/day. These studies and pour-on formulations). also indicate calves fed at a higher nutrition To reduce control failures due to inseclevel had lower lice populations and were ticide resistance, do not apply pesticides affected less severely by lice than calves fed within the same group number repeatedly, a maintenance ration. and always follow label directions. InsecTiming of Cattle Lice Control ticides and endectocides are an investment Cattle lice are cold-weather insects, of time, money and cattle stress, and there thriving during wintery conditions. Durare real costs to insect infestations. Putting ing summer months cattle lice undergo a a few extra minutes into correctly applyperiod of dormancy called estivation, when ing these tools can make all the difference their reproduction is reduced significantly. between an effective and ineffective insect Temperatures above 78° F in September, control program.

October and November will suppress louse When applying any insecticide control development, because the cattle skin temproduct, please read and follow label direcperature will exceed 100° F. tions.

If endectocide treatments are applied too *To find the IRAC MOA groups visit early during a warm extended fall, like in their website at https://irac-online.org/ 2021 and 2022, lice will develop slowly mode-of-action/ and download their app. and can largely escape the endectocide For current control recommendations, treatment. please access the following website, www.

Later, when cold weather does set in, veterinaryentomology.org lice outbreaks can occur if the endectocide Nebraska Cattle Lice Species has broken down. Livestock producers who In Nebraska we can encounter four use a fall treatment strategy should monidifferent cattle lice species. The biting or tor their cattle for signs of lice, especially chewing louse (little red) Bovicola (Damaduring December, January, and February, linia) bovis, is reddish brown in color with and consider re-treating. However, using dark bands running transversally across the wrong products at the time can do more the body (Figure 1). Typically, the chewing harm than good. louse feeds on hair, skin, skin exudates and Cattle Lice Treatment Options debris near the skin surface. This species Cattle lice treatment products fall into is initially found on the shoulder, top line, several categories: animal sprays, non-sysand back, but as populations increase, can temic (contact) pour-on, and endectocides be found on the sides and sometimes over (systemic pour-on, absorbed internally and the whole animal. systemic injectable). Some non-systemic pour-ons require just one application and some require two applications spaced 14 days apart. Systemic injectables work better on the three species of sucking lice than on the little red chewing louse. A systemic pour-on can effectively kill both chewing and sucking lice.

Using systemic control products between November 1 and February 1 is not advised as they may cause a host-parasite reaction Figure 1. Chewing cattle louse (little red). from killing developing cattle grubs while The other three species are sucking lice, they are in the esophagus or spinal canal of which feed on blood, and can cause irritathe animal. A systemic product used durtion, anemia, impact weight gain, and even ing fall weaning will not be a problem, and death in extreme cases. if a systemic product was used in the fall, The short-nose cattle a follow-up from November to February louse, Haematopinus shouldn’t cause those issues, if it’s neceseurysternus, is the largsary. est louse (Figure 2) at Producers who did not use a systemic 3-5 mm in length and is control product during fall weaning should typically found on older consider using only non-systemic control animals but can be found products during this November to Februon any age or breed of ary time frame. If replacement animals cattle. This species can are brought into a herd during the winter usually be found in the months they should be examined for lice. neck region, dewlap, Figure 2. ShortIf present, the animals should be isolated nose cattle louse. back, and base of tail. and treated before introduction into the existing herd.

CONTINUED ON PAGE C5

Fall cattle lice treatments CONTINUED FROM PAGE C4

The long-nose cattle louse, Linognathus vituli, is about 2.5 mm in length, bluish in color (Figure 3) and differs from other louse species by its long slender head. This louse can be found on the dewlap, shoulders, sides of neck and rump, but when numbers are high, they can be found over the entire body.

Figure 3. Long-

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page C5

##### Your words are windows to your mind and heart. ##### Everything that is done in the world is done by hope.

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Contact George Yeager (406) 289-0647

Single or Double Rollers Extra Heavy Duty - 42” x 7/8” Thick Also stocking 48” x 5/8” Thick Pipe

nose cattle louse.

Figure 4. Little blue cattle louse.

The little blue cattle louse, Solenopotes capillatus (Figure 4) is about 1-2 mm in length, bluish in color, and smallest of the sucking lice species (Figure 4).

It often can be found in dense patches on the dewlap, muzzle, around eyes, and neck. Heavy populations can greatly impact cattle weight gains.

Fisher Metal can more than double the size of your single roller!

Strange Hotel The Henn-na Hotel (translation: “Strange Hotel”) made world headlines when it opened in 2015 in Nagasaki, Japan.

Why? Its staff consists of 80 robots that greet hotel guests, carry their bags, and serve food in the café. While the humanoid robot receptionists welcome you with a smile to make you feel at ease, they speak only Japanese. If you want to speak English, you’ll have to approach the less-welcoming Velociraptor robot wearing a bow tie. There are about 10 human employees behind the scenes to make sure everything runs smoothly–so humans aren’t replaceable…yet.

You’ve Got A Friend In Me Pepper is a social robot that is programmed to recognize different facial expressions, gestures, and voices in order to make conversation with humans. All these features make Pepper an ideal companion for the elderly, home-bound patients, or lonely types who live in their mother’s basement.

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Optional Hydraulic Cutting Blade for gopher and badger mound leveling on single or tandem rollers

FUEL STORAGE ~ SINGLE WALL & DOUBLE WALL ~ FUEL SYSTEMS

Horizontal Fuel Tanks from 500 to 6000 gallons

Vertical Fuel Tanks 2000 to 10,000 gallons

ALL TANKS are UL 142 Certified Available in Split Compartment Turnkey System features: Tank Mounting Base • Pump Stand • Fuel FilterLevel Gauge • Required Venting and Valves

Service Body Tanks • Pickup Fuel Tanks • Stainless Steel Aviation Fuel Storage

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Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page C6

Aluminum Wheel Polishing 16.5 to 24.5 Pickup & Delivery Available

Montana Cowboy Hall of Fame announces 2024 inductees The Montana Cowboy Hall of Fame & Western Heritage Center (MCHF & WHC) announces their 16th class of inductions into the Montana Cowboy Hall of Fame.

The inductees were chosen from a field of candidates nominated by the general public.

Inductees are honored for their notable contributions to the history and culture of Montana.

“The Hall of Fame exists to honor those who have made an impact in their part of the state and represent Montana’s authentic Western heritage for future generations,” said DuWayne Wilson, MCHF & WHC president. “Our volunteer trustees around Montana vote on nominations that come from the district in which they reside. This process gives the local communities a strong voice in who will represent them in the Montana Cowboy Hall of Fame”.

The MCHF & WHC board of directors has designated 12 trustee districts across the state from which up to 20 trustees may be appointed. Nomination criteria established by the board for the Class of 2024 inductions allowed the election of one Living Inductee and one Legacy Inductee from each of the 12 districts.

District 1 (Daniels, Phillips, Roosevelt,

Sheridan, & Valley Counties): Living: Henry “Gary” Danelson of Scobey; Legacy: David C Funk of Frazer.

District 2 (Dawson, Garfield, McCone, Phone Jamie Fuson Prairie, Richland, & Wibaux Counties): Living: Harold Lee Isaacs of Jordan; Lega(406) 289-0219 ; cy: Donald Goodman “Don” Holt of Sidney.

District 3 (Carter, Custer, Fallon, Powder River, Rosebud, & Treasure Counties): Living: Wayne M. Morford of Miles City; Legacy: Miles City Bucking Horse Sale of Miles City.

DUMP TRUCK FOR SALE District 4 (Blaine, Chouteau, Hill, & Liberty Counties): Living: Leon LaSalle of Laredo; Legacy: Clarence Basil Cuts The Rope of Hays.

District 5 (Cascade, Glacier, Pondera, Teton, & Toole Counties): Living: Alvin “Dutch” Lunak & Stuntmen of Blackfeet Country of Valier; Legacy: Joe DeYong of Great Falls.

District 6 (Fergus, Golden Valley, Judith Basin, Musselshell, Petroleum, & Wheatland Counties): Living: Durl J. Gibbs of Buffalo; Legacy: Donald Elton “Don” Abarr of Grass Range 2003 Mack Granite CV713, all Mack heavy specs, 350 enDistrict 7 (Big Horn, Carbon, Stillwater, gine, 8 speed, 476,000 miles................................. $44,000 Sweet Grass, & Yellowstone Counties): LivPhone (406) 239-0942 ing: Lynn “Jonnie” Jonckowski of Billings; Legacy: Elmer E. “Slim” Kobold of Kirby.

District 8 (Broadwater, Jefferson, & Lewis and Clark Counties): Living: Lenore McKelvey Puhek of Helena; Legacy: Paul B. Hart of Helena.

District 9 (Gallatin, Meagher, & Park Counties): Living: Delbert & Janice High of Bozeman; Legacy: Raymond P. “Ray” Ansotegui of Livingston.

District 10 (Flathead, Lake, Lincoln, & Sanders Counties): Living: Betty Seed Right the First Time Mae Wemple Schall of Arlee; Legacy: Alvin Merritt of Pablo.

District 11: (Mineral, The Recon Wireless Blockage and Flow Monitor provides Missoula, & Ravalli Counties): Living: Paul Zarzyski reliable, versatile machine monitoring technology to improve HEAR THE PROBLEM of Missoula; Legacy: Wilprecision in every pass. Unlike traditional optical sensors, our Acoustic sensors function like a liam E. “Bill” Mytty of patented acoustic sensors monitor the sound of the seed stethoscope, resulting in a more durable Lolo. flow so you can depend on accurate readings even if the solution for real seeding conditions.

District 12: (Deer Lodge, sensors get dusty.

Beaverhead, Silver Bow, The system is easy-to-install and can adapt to nearly any brand Granite, Madison, & Powell SEE THE PROBLEM Counties): Living: Walof equipment for a variety of applications. Its software is Using the easy iPad app, get a clear, ter Elroy “Walt” Shaw of compatible with your iPad to provide a simple, user-friendly complete view of your implement’s Cardwell; Legacy: John interface that displays all manifold runs and gives you an performance.

William “Pat” McDonald of audible alert if a run becomes blocked.

Philipsburg.

The MCHF & WHC plans to honor these inductees during the MCHF Annual Induction Ceremony & Western Heritage Gathering February 10, 2024, in Great Falls at the Heritage Inn. Look for more information as it becomes available on our Facebook page and on With purchase of a full system. our website.

Full biographies for past inductees are available on the MCHF & WHC’s website, http://www.montanacowboyfame.org. This year’s inductees will be added to the website in the Vantage America West near future.

A Frontier Precision Company Now includes Triangle Ag-Sevices For further information, 2705 Front Street contact the MCHF & WHC Fort Benton, MT 59442 at 406-653-3800 or email (406) 622-3887 | www.triangleag.com Christy@montanacowboyfame.org.

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Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page C7

See these units & more info at www.precisiontruckandtrailersales.com

Specializing In Pre-ELog and Pre-EGR Trucks!

$75,000

2027 Hwy 2 NW • Havre, MT 59501 (406) 265-4563 • Mark Reinmuth 406-262-3842

$89,900

$49,900 2006 Kenworth W900 Cat C15 Acert, 13 speed, inframe overhaul, new clutch, new stacks.

$28,000

1994 Kenworth T800

1995 Kenworth W900B

Detroit 12.7L, 470 hp, 15 speed, low hour repl motor just installed, heavy rear full lockers, New steering gear and New clutch, freshly painted frame.

3406E, 550 hp, 18 speed, receent engine work, New cylinder head, 40” flat top, push axle, Pre ELOG

$14,500

$15,000 2007 International 9400i

Cummins ISX, 400 hp, 10 speed, 42” flattop, all aluminum wheels, 215” wheelbase.

1995 International 8200

2018 Paccar Motor

Complete, ECM included. No issues.

389,983 miles on motor

N14 Cummins, 400 hp, 10 speed, grille guard, pintle hitch, 152” wheelbase.

We are your Dealer for It’s the 21st Century - Time To Go Electric!

$6500

• Worm gear creates an instant, positive lock • Rotating and telescoping motor mount, no mid joint to fail • Low profile design allows for better clearance Rear Options:

1975 Ford F600 grain/stock truck

330 Ford V8 2V, 4x2 transmission, 194” wheelbase, 85k.

$6500

• Three point, high clearance design mounts on original equipment.

• Delivers the ideal torque to open and close the hopper.

1967 Ford 600 box truck

• Proven chain drive built to last with corrosion resistant metal housing.

TRAILERS FOR SALE $4200 $8500

Header Trailer

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1998 Silver Eagle Converter Dolly

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Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page C8

1997 International 2674 single axle truck tractor, N14 Cummins diesel, 13 speed, transmission, locking rear differential, spring suspension, west coast clean, rust free with 158,000 miles......................................... Call

quick attach, 4 & 1 multipurpose Glendive, MT • www.badlandtrucksales.com 3rdbucket,valve5.9hydraulics, Cummins diesel, excellent rubber only 1989 Case W14C frontend wheel loader, auxillary 2,600 original hours.............................................. Call

Serving the Montana, Dakota and Wyoming regions, and beyond, with an extensive selection of reliable used trucks and equipment since 1998!

2011 Ford F550 crewcab, 4x4 flatbed/service truck, V10 gas, automatic, 12-ft. bed, lumber rack, tool boxes, very clean Southern California truck......... Call

2012 Skyjack SJ6832RT, rough terrain scissor lift, Kubota diesel, 32-ft. reach, 7600 lb. machine weight, slide out, 1300 hours............................................ Call

2016 John Deere 524K frontend wheel loader, 3rd valve auxillary hydraulics, JRB quick attach, ride control, auto shift, general purpose bucket, nice clean late model machine with 5600 hours........................... Call 1998 Case 621BXT wheelloader with new Grab Tech grapple fork, quick attach, 3rd & 4th valve, auto shift, ride control, rust free clean ex municipal machine with 8300 hours............................................................ Call

2005 Ingersoll Rand P185 towable air compressor, John Deere 4045 diesel, dual hose reels and hose, 185 PSI, torsion bar suspension, only 200 actual hours, like new condition...................................... Call

1986 Peterbilt tandem axle dump truck, 855 Cummins diesel, 13 speed, manual transmission, 15-ft. dump body, air tailgate, one owner,ex municipal truck ............................................................................. Call

1982 Fruehauf 5th wheel single axle belly dump trailer, 12 yard capacity, 20-ft. long, air gates, complete affordable trailer.................................................... Call Ditch Witch 7610 trencher, Deutz diesel, M710 trencher with long boom, A620 front backhoe, 6-way front blade, ex municipal machine with only 834 hours, very nice larger trencher............................................... Call 2012 Snorkel A46JRT articulated boomlift, 46-ft. reach, 550 lb. capacity, Kubota diesel, hydraulic generator, 4x4, only 426 hours, clean........Call

2011 Case SR200 skidsteer, auxilliary hydraulics, quick attach, only 450 total original hours, ex-utility company machine, extra clean............................. Call

2011 International bucket/chip dump truck, Altec LRV58 boom, 63-ft. reach, cab guard, diesel, 6 speed, 93,000 miles, complete......................................... Call

2012 International Prostar truck tractor, 475 hp, diesel, 13 speed transmission, air ride suspension, locking rear ends, all new tires, 413,000 miles..... Call

1997 Ford F450 mechanics truck, 7.3 Powerstroke diesel, automatic, 3200 lb. auto crane, service body/ flatbed, air/heat, 126,000 miles............................ Call

2002 International 2674 roll off truck, 14-ft. dump box with high lift gate, flatbed dump, complete roll off system, front dual direction snow plow, M11 Cummins, 13 speed, no rust, clean, truck has it all, endless uses!............. Call

2012 Ford F550 super cab, 4x4, service/utility truck, 6.7L diesel Power Stroke diesel, automatic, 9-ft. service body, hydraulic wet kit, very nice................... Call

2005 Zieman 2374 SPL tilt bed equipment trailer, 45,000 lb. GVWR, 24-ft. long, 102” wide, 17.5 tires, air brakes, no rust, ex-municipal, clean................ Call

2000 Keifer IRH 300 carousel/ pipe spool trailer, selfloading, elect over hydraulic, 7000 lb. GVWR............ Call

2006 International 7400 dump truck, DT570 diesel, 285 hp, (not a Max Force), 10 speed manual, 11-ft. dump body, pintle hitch......................................... Call

2007 GMC Canyon 4x4 pickup, regular cab, 4 cyl., gas, automatic, air conditioning, only 35,400 miles, clean.Call

1996 Ford F800 flatbed dump truck, 5.9 Cummins diesel, automatic, 16-ft. dump body, air brakes, receiver hitch, perfect feed truck chassis, will separate.......... Call 1988 Chevy C70 fuel truck, dual 750 gallon tanks, pumps/hoses/reels, diesel, 5 speed, only 3700 miles, complete..................................................................... Call

2003 Great Dane 45-ft. step-deck trailer, air ride suspension, steel composition, 102” wide, rust free, very clean..................................................................... Call

1997 Autocar Volvo tandem dump truck, 60 series Detroit diesel (470 hpr) Allison automatic, locking differentials, heavy specs, front dual direction snow plow, low mileage west coast rust free dump truck that has it all ............................................................... Call

2006 Sterling 9500 truck tractor, Cat C15 (factory 550 hpr), 18 speed transmission, hydraulic wet kit, air ride suspension, heavy specs, 445,000 miles ............ Call

2012 Ram 5500 bucket truck, 4x4, 6.7 Cummins diesel, automatic, high ranger articulated/telescopic boom, full service body, AC inverter, complete ex municipal truck with 144,000 miles............................ Call

1990 Sullair towable air compressor, John Deere diesel, 185 CFM, dual hose reels, 2400 hours.......... Call

1993 Chevy C7500 boom truck, 4x4, Cat diesel, 8LL manual transmission, Manitex 956 boom, 18,000lb. capacity, 3 stage boom with 4th stage jib, manbasket, flatbed, exta clean municipal truck, complete..........Call

2010 Atlas Copco XAS185JDu skid mounted air compressor, 185 CFM, 125 PSI, John Deere diesel, true skid mount package, only 217 hours, absolutely like new condition........... Call

2016 Ingersoll-Rand/Doosan P185 towable air compressor, diesel, 185 CFM 125 PSI, one owner, clean ex-power company machine with only 142 total hours.......................................................... Call

Check out our website - www.badlandtrucksales.com

1986 Case W14B front end wheel loader, auxillary 3rd valve hydraulics, GP bucket, rear mounted quick attach removable backhoe, cab, heat, ex government machine with only 1100 total hours, tight leak free machine.................................... Call

1996 Fruehauf PSD-T-2-40W stepdeck trailer, 40-ft. bed, 11-ft. upper, 29-ft. lower, 102” wide, steel composition, air ride suspension, rust free, clean/straight ex-municipal trailer............................................... Call

2003 Komutsu WA180 front end wheel loader, 3rd and 4th valve, quick attach, 4&1 bucket, 5.9 Cummins diesel, air/heat, one owner ex municipal machine, 5800 hours....................................... Call

2002 Case 960 trencher, front backhoe, 6-way blade, 84” boom with 90 percent rock tooth chain, 3.9 Cummins diesel, only 1100 total hours, very clean,(cable plow available)...................................................... Call

1997 Freightliner FL70 single axle truck tractor, 8.3 Cummins diesel (mechanical), 9 speed manual transmission, air ride suspension, rear pintle hitch, large dual fuel tanks, aluminum wheels, upgraded interior package, only 17,000 miles, beautiful rust free west coast truck that has it all....................................... Call

2004 GMC service truck, 3000 lb. auto crane, PTO driven, high volume air compressor, full service body, Cat diesel, Allison automatic, under CDL, 106,000 miles............. Call 2008 Multi Quip Whisperwatt 70 KVA, 56 KW diesel generator, multi-switch machine, 1-3 phase, 120/208/240/480 volt, trailer mounted, high grade insulation package, only 715 original hours, one owner, like new................................... Call

1991 Chevrolet Kodiak 7500 tandem axle dump truck, Cat 3116 diesel, new 653 Allison automatic, 16-ft. dump bed, 169,000 miles, ex-municipal, one owner.................................................................... Call

2007 Mack MR688P single axle truck tractor,12.0 liter Mack diesel, Allison automatic, air ride suspension, 5th wheel, rust free ex government truck with only 12,000 miles......................................................... Call

1994 Ford F450 flatbed truck, 7.3 turbo diesel, automatic, 14-ft. flatbed, removable stake racks, rear lift gate, very nice clean west coast truck with 90,000 miles............ Call

Payments to help organic dairy producers

The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) announced a second round of payments for dairy producers through the Organic Dairy Marketing Assistance Program (ODMAP), providing an additional $5 million to help dairy producers mitigate market volatility, higher input and transportation costs, and unstable feed supply and prices that have created unique hardships in the organic dairy industry. USDA’s Farm Service Agency (FSA) has already paid out $15 million in the first round of payments for eligible producers, bringing total ODMAP payments to $20 million.

“This program is critical to keeping small, organic dairies sustainable as they continue to weather a combination of challenges outside of their control,” said Maureen Wicks, FSA State Executive Director in Montana. “The funding from ODMAP will give organic dairy producers additional economic support to stay in operation until markets return to more favorable conditions.”

How ODMAP Works FSA accepted ODMAP applications from May 24 to August 11. Eligible producers for ODMAP included certified organic dairy operations that produce milk from cows, goats and sheep.

ODMAP provides financial assistance for a producer’s projected marketing costs in 2023, calculated based on a cost share of marketing costs on the pounds of organic milk marketed for the 2022 calendar year (or a projection of 2023 pounds of organic milk marketed if warranted in certain situations), not to exceed 5 million pounds. For ODMAP applicants, the first payment was factored by 75%.

USDA has determined that additional assistance is still needed and sufficient funding remains available so the second round of payments will provide the remaining 25% of requested assistance to each eligible applicant.

The second ODMAP payment is automatic. Participating producers do not need to take any additional action. ##### When a running horse hits to the edge of a cliff, it’s way too late to say, “Whoa.”

– Texas Bix Bender ##### Politics: applesauce.

– Will Rogers

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page C9

Now serving as your Fiberglass Water Tank supplier!

AG & STEEL SUPPLY 406.390.1110

7x20-ft Rectangular

Shipping Containers 40-ft High Cube Used

Horse Bale Feeders

Save hay, save time, and save money with this Hanging Bale Feeder. The bale is suspended from 3/16" chain creating minimal waste. These feeders feature a Hay Chix slow feeding hay net to provide long term health benefits for your horses.

BATTERIES

Stocking Heavy Equipment to 1/2Ton Pickup Batteries

Plus, the tombstone horse hay feeder is in stock.

10-ft Round

CATTLE HANDLING & LIVESTOCK EQUIPMENT Feedbunks 20-ft x 38-in x 12-in

Cattle Guards

(constructed with 10ga & heavy tube legs) other sizes & bottomless available

Constructed with all new material.

Cattle guard kits available

Portable Panel Trailer: $2,780

portable panels, 12-ft standard portable panels (Will latch to Winkel panels)

Heavy-Duty Hay Feeders Designed to waste less hay

Pipe Caps in various sizes

T-Rex Post Driver

Redi Driver Classic

Free Standing Panels

Pallet Forks

Bale spears

Buckhorn Centerflow Seed Boxes

Hilti gun will shoot nails into 2-7/8 drill stem.

Great for putting up steel windbreak!

HeavyDuty Cable 1-3/8”

ESAB Wire Flux Core .045 $5.90/lb

0.75x1.25x11ga 20-ft lengths 100 pcs/bundle Bundle quantities only $1.12/ft

Shipping Containers 40-ft High Cube Used

Box Scraper

ZEE PURLIN is used as structural framework in buildings due to its lightweight and economical properties.

BOLTS Grade 5 & Grade 8 | Metric bolt assortment with 72-hole bin $750 Diablo Metal & Wood Cutting Saw Blades 2”x27’ Ratchet Strap: $14 5/16” Grade 70 Transport Chain: 20’ @ $47 3/8” Grade 70 Transport Chain: 20’ @ $63 Lever Chain Binders 5/16-3/8”: $28.50 Ratchet Chain Binders 5/16-3/8”: $35

CALL US FOR ALL YOUR STEEL NEEDS!

STEEL

Pipe, Tubing (Round & Square) & Angle Iron Secondary Square Tubing Various sizes available

1.25” 14ga round tubing 1.66” 14ga round tubing November 2023 *Prices Subject to Change

Steel Work Benches 6-ft $395

Gopher Bait & Mouse Poison + Bait Boxes

Knipex Tools!

Rectangular Tubing

ZEE PURLIN

(Constructed with 3/16-in plate)

MISCELLANEOUS

up to 200,000-lb breaking strength

Used guardrail 2rail & 3-rail Plus, guardrail galvanized I-Beam Posts 9-ft

ATTACHMENTS

Skidsteer Snow Buckets

$1,575

Tow Ropes Various sizes

5” Galvanized Octagon Tubing (39-ft lengths)

NEW Portable Panel Design

SuperSteel / Steel Decking 36”x24’ 22ga Prime galvanized Super Steel Use for windbreaks, corrals, etc.

Fork Mount: $2,750 Center Mount: $3,400 Side Mount: $4,200

Skidsteer Plates: $178 Bale Spears: $85

Call for delivered prices!

Bolt together fence brace | 9.5-ft Brace rail with hardware $42 | Wire gate latches for 2-7/8 posts $23.00

Continuous Fence 6-rail 1-1/4” 14ga.

20-ft long 6-rail 1.66” 14 ga 20-ft long

POST DRIVERS

Brace Rails with Purchase

Semi load quantities of used 2-3/8, 2-7/8 & 3.5” pipe available.

Portable Loading Chute

Portable Windbreaks

FENCING

GATES POSTS All gates are constructed with 2-7/8” x 6-ft 12 & 14 ga 1.66” OD tubing 2-7/8” x 8-ft 10-ft bow gates $360 2-7/8” x 10-ft 12-ft bow gates $417 Corral gates - 6-bar 5-in galvanized 8-ft $190 octagon 9’9” 10-ft $200 posts 12-ft $220 14-ft $240 Pipe posts can 16-ft $260 be cut to length.

10 FREE

(Constructed with 3/16-in plate)

24-ft Adjustable Alleyway

Rubber Tire Water Tanks 13-ft

750R: $6,800 1000E: $9,100 1500E: $11,500

Skidsteer Snow Buckets

1”x1.5” rectangular tubing | 13-ga | 7-rail | 130-lb | 68” tall x 10’8” long | chain latch | $208

Portable Panels All panels are constructed with 12 & 14ga 1.66” OD tubing 10-ft heavy

Montana Post Driver

Calf Shelters 8-ft x23-ft

A lot more steel...too much to list - Call us for details!

Hedman, Inc. | 62 Hedman Drive | Grass Range, MT 59032

Used 2-3/8, 2-7/8 & 3.5” pipe Semi load quantities of used 2-3/8, 2-7/8 & 3.5” pipe available - Call for delivered prices!

Surplus Angle Iron 2x2x.120 & 2x3x.250 20-ft lengths 406.390.1110

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page C10

HARROWS FOR SALE

40-ft. of harrow. Eight 4-bar sections, 5-ft. each, with bolts and brackets. Originally on a Morris Ranger 2-coil packer.

Good shape.................................................. Asking $2400 Phone Pat @ (406) 450-3340

PICKUP FOR SALE

1981 Chevrolet 4x4, /4-ton, 40K miles on 383 stroker, TH400 transmission, 4:10 gears. Truck is mechanically sound.

3

$8000

For pictures and work receipts contact: Rob at (c) 303-921-3253 Located in Laramie, Wyoming

TRUCK FOR SALE

1962 Chevrolet truck

Phone (406) 505-0295

How to manage fly pests in the cattle herd Have flies been bothering your livestock?

Fly control can help keep cattle happy, healthy, and productive.

Fly Identification In order to put fly mitigation steps in place, identifying the type of fly or flies bothering your livestock is a key step. The environment that livestock are in can indicate the type of fly pressure that could be present. The two main environments for cattle are in barns and on pasture.

Figure 1: “Photo 61391524: House Fly” by wild_wind - Own work. Licensed under CC BY 4.0 via iNaturalist.

In barns, the two main flies that bother livestock are house flies and stable flies.

House flies (Figure 1) breed in manure piles, animal droppings, decaying silage, spilled feed, bedding, and in other organic matter, and it takes them about 10 days under optimal conditions for them to become an adult and start reproducing. A female house fly can live for 10 to 30 days, produce 150 to 200 eggs, and spread diseases and parasites to cattle. During the summer months, house flies can be spotted on cattle and cause annoyance. House flies do not bite.

WANTED TO BUY: Figure 2: “Photo 61735114: Stable Fly”

by Michael Knapp Own work. Licensed under CC BY 4.0 via iNaturalist.

Allis Chalmers tractors 4W305, 4W220, D21, 220, 8010-8070 mfwd Any condition considered Phone Nathan at 701-240-5737 or 1-800-735-5846, email: swensonrv@srt.com

www.centrol-llc.com SIGN UP TODAY FOR YOUR 2024 SOIL SAMPLING! Standard Analysis, Complete Analysis, or Soil Health.

0-6 inch, 6-24 inch and 24-42 inch depths Composite or Variable Rate Sampling with prescription writing.

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Joel Farkell Jeff Farkell CCA CPAg/CCA 406-581-6243 406-788-4875 centrol_llc@outlook.com

Stable flies (Figure 2) will breed in wet straw, manure, spilled feeds, decaying silage, grass clippings, and various other decaying vegetation. Stable flies take 21 days to mature into a reproductive adult.

Females generally live for 20 to 30 days, where they produce 200 to 300 eggs. Stable flies will feed on one to two drops of blood several times a day, which causes a production performance loss. Livestock will stomp their feet because stable flies localize around the legs and belly of the animal. These flies are primarily a nuisance during the warm summer months. Calves raised in confinement are very susceptible to this fly.

Figure 4: “Photo 101712370: Face Fly” by Michael Knapp - Own work. Licensed under CC BY 4.0 via iNaturalist.

Face flies (Figure 4) are non-biting but can vector diseases. As the name indicates, face flies are most active around the face and eyes. Pinkeye and eyeworms are diseases that can be spread through the herd, due to face fly infestation. Although face flies are non-biting, they are facultative blood feeders, which means they will consume blood meals from blood left behind by another fly.

Face flies will complete their lifecycle in 2 to 3 weeks and can travel several miles to find a host. Male face flies do not swarm faces of livestock and are not a nuisance.

Face flies will not enter darkened barns during the summer, but they will enter barns to protect themselves from the cold in the winter. Fresh manure piles are their location of choice for egg laying.

Figure 5: “Photo 480254: Black Horse Fly” by Wayne Boo - Own work.

Licensed under CC BY 4.0 via iNaturalist.

Figure 6: “Photo 480281: Black Horse Fly” by Dejen Mengis - Own work. Licensed under CC BY 4.0 via iNaturalist.

Horse (Figures 5 and 6) and deer flies (Figure 7) consist of over 300 individual species, and they will inflict pain and severe annoyance to the animal. They feast on blood, then leave blood pools behind that attract face flies. Large numbers of horse and deer flies can result in extreme annoyance, fatigue, blood loss, decreased milk production, and decreased weight gain. Tularemia, anthrax, anaplasmosis, and leukosis are all diseases that can result from large populations of horse and deer flies. Females will lay eggs near marshes, ponds, and streams, poorly drained pastures and the offspring can take 70 days to 2 years to develop. The best control method is to remove livestock from pastures bordering wet areas. Another method is to time grazing wet regions around the rainy season. Special traps for Horse flies can be deployed in pastures.

Figure 3: “Photo 14186854: Horn Fly” by Judy Gallagher - Own work.

Licensed under CC BY 4.0 via iNaturalist.

In pasture systems, a few common fly pests are horn flies, face flies, horse, and deer flies. Horn flies (Figure 3) feast on 20 or more blood meals every day on the shoulders, sides, and backs of cattle. On hot or rainy days, horn flies will move to the underside of the belly. Horn flies will mature to a reproductive adult in 10 to 20 days. Females will lay eggs in fresh droppings that are less than 10 minutes old. The flies will survive winter in dung packs to continue their lifecycle when temperatures are warm. Horn flies decrease milk production, reduce weight gain, cause blood loss, and fatigue. Chemical controls are generally required to control horn flies.

Figure 7: “Photo 49769499: Splayed Deer Fly” by bazwal - Own work. Licensed under CC BY 4.0 via iNaturalist.

Integrated Pest Management An integrated pest management (IPM) plan should be utilized to sustainably reduce fly populations below the economic threshold. Integrated pest management combines cultural, biological, and chemical means for fly mitigation.

Cultural Cultural forms of pest management alter the environment that the pest would normally thrive in. For example, frequently CONTINUED ON PAGE C11

How to manage fly pests in the cattle herd CONTINUED FROM PAGE C10

removing manure and spoiled feed, combined with reducing moisture in barns can reduce house and stable fly populations. If composting manure fits into your operation, then making one to two turns in your compost will provide multiple heat cycles that kill flies and prevent reproduction. A clean barn can also help to reduce the exposure to potential pathogens that would make animals sick. Since high moisture content of manure makes for prime fly breeding, controlling water content of manure piles is important. This may include the use of manure storage areas on the farm or tarping piles.

These methods would be cultural ways of controlling fly infestations.

Biological The biological role in IPM is to have predatory insects kill and consume the flies, eggs, and/or larvae depending on the species released. A commonly used method in barns would be to release parasitic wasps weekly or biweekly in areas around the barn depending on total fly pressure. With some internet ordering services, the producer can set up a reoccurring delivery of parasitic wasps for the duration of fly season (summer months). To have an effective release of parasitic wasps, the package that the parasitic wasps arrive in should be opened near piles of manure or any other potential heavy fly breeding grounds.

Chemical The last method involved with IPM is chemical control, or the use of chemicals to kill pests. This can include ear tags, feed additives, larvicides, baits, rubs, bags, residual premise, whole animal (pour-on), space sprays, and building treatments. Insecticides should be used as a last resort for fly control, because insecticides can potentially harm beneficial insects, such as dung beetles and parasitic wasps. When insecticides are applied, all naturally occurring or purposely released insects will be killed too. A common chemical used for fly control is pyrethrin, because it kills insects immediately upon contact. This is a chemical that is derived from the pyrethrum daisy. Pyrethroids are synthetic, or not

##### In Ankara, Turkey, sanitation workers created a public library out of books they found while collecting garbage. It contains over 6,000 books.

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page C11

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CONTINUED ON PAGE C12

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Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page C12

How to manage fly pests in the cattle herd CONTINUED FROM PAGE C11

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naturally occurring compounds that have been created to imitate pyrethrin. An example of a pyrethroid would be permethrin. Unfortunate naming has made these chemicals easily confused with one another. Organic operations can use products listed on the OMRI website, which includes many pyrethrum daisy-based products. Some restrictions may apply.

Feed additive insecticides pass through the animal and remain in the manure. When fly larvae develop, they consume the larvicide and die. This method can be effective if all animals in a couple mile radius are on the product.

If there are other livestock nearby that are not using the product, then flies could drift to your animals and still be a pest. Feed-troughs and other chemical methods of control should be set into a rotation based on the active chemical ingredient. Using this rotation, pest resistance to chemical treatments can be prevented or delayed over time. Some products can negatively affect beneficial organisms, such as Figure 8, that breakdown manure patties naturally, which reduces fly populations due to manure patties spreading out and drying quicker.

Figure 8: “Photo 12132906: Rainbow Scarab” by Ryan Watson - Own work. Licensed under CC BY 4.0 via iNaturalist. The rainbow Scarab is a variety of dung beetle.

Although not normally listed in fly IPM, a mechanical method for fly removal is pulling every fly off the animal.

A vacuum is used to suck flies into a vacuum system that collect the flies in a removable bag for disposal. This method has a high initial investment and takes some time to get cattle used to running through the chute but helps alleviate the need for chemical sprays and insect resistance. High velocity fans used during summer heat also helps keep flies off cattle in feedlots; however, coverage in most buildings is not uniform so other methods must be added.

Conclusion In conclusion, identify the flies that are being pests to cattle and know the life cycle to best manage fly populations. The best method of control is a combination of control strategies known as integrated pest management. Combine cultural, biological, and chemical methods to have the most effective fly control strategy. Whether your operation is organic or conventional, one control method is seldom a sustainable option. Each livestock owner needs to chart an IPM strategy that controls fly populations and is cost-effective for their operation.

Homemade Bread Day Date observed: November 17th Bakers of the world, rise up and bake some bread, for today is Homemade Bread Day. You will enjoy the pleasant aroma of fresh homemade bread wafting through the house.

Then, you get the pleasure of consuming warm bread, fresh out of the oven.

Bread has been made for thousands of years. Estimates date its origin back to 5000-10,000 B.C. Modern-day lifestyles have relegated homemade bread to the world of specialty baking and holiday baking. People just don’t have time to bake homemade bread. We turn to a quick “run” to bakeries and grocery stores for our bread needs. The arrival of automatic bread makers has created a small resurgence of homemade breads, especially specialty breads.

The purpose of this day is easy to make homemade bread, and to encourage you to make tasty and nutritious bread. So, take a little time out of your busy day and bake some bread.

Thought for the Day: Bread is a lot like the Sun. It rises in the Yeast and sets in the Waist.

How to Celebrate Homemade Bread Day • Make any kind of homemade bread today.

• Serve it with a meal and enjoy!

• Give a loaf to someone.

Today’s Quote: Give a man a loaf of bread and you feed him for a day. Teach him how to bake bread, and you feed him for a lifetime. ##### Cowboy: A man with guts and a horse.

– William James

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page C13

CARGO TRAILERS 2023 Stealth aluminum car trailer, 8-ft. x 28-ft., 10K GVW, premium LED lighting, 6-ft. 10” interior height, 3/8 water resistant walls, 3/4” water resistant floor, Stock# 43179 ...............................................................................................$25,650 *2024 GR gooseneck cargo trailer, 8-ft. X 24-ft., 14k GVW, 7-ft. tall with V-nose enclosed, rear ramp door, and 2 - 7,000 lbs. straight spring brake axles. Stock #00488.......................................................................................................$20,950 2024 Royal Cargo by Southland trailer, 8.5-ft. x 24-ft., 10K GVW, electric brakes, 7-ft. 2” interior height, LED lighting, 16” on center wall stud, flat front Stock# 91082.....................................................................................................$12,950 2024 Royal Cargo 7-ft. x 16-ft., ramp door, 86” interior height, 24” bullnose, 24” diamond plate rock guard, LED lighting, plywood interior. Stock # 97038...............................................................................................................................$8,150 2024 Royal Cargo by Southland 7-ft. x 14-ft., 7K GVW, V-nose, 86” interior height, ramp door. Stock# 91033.....$7,950

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2023 Delco deckover flatbed trailer, 8” I-beam bumper pull deckover 102” x20-ft. 2-5/16 adjustable coupler 7K spring, 12K spring loaded, 3-ft. dove tail with stand up ramps. Stock# 28274.........................................$9,150 2023 GR utility trailer, 82” x 14-ft., 7K GVW, electric brakes, LED lighting, 5K jack, 2” bulldog style coupler, pipe top railing, 4-ft. ramp gate, pine deck. Stock# 10378...............................................................................$4,350 *2024 Cargo Pro aluminum utility trailer, 72” x 10-ft., RW 2.0, wood deck, 2” ball hitch, 4-ft. laydown gate, LED lighting. Stock # 45026.............................................................................................................................$3,650 2023 GR utility trailer, 82” x 14-ft., 3K GVW, LED lighting, 5K jack, 2” bulldog style coupler, pipe top railing, 4-ft. ramp gate, pine deck. Stock# 10384........................................................................................................$3,150

STOCK TRAILERS *2024 Merritt 8-ft. x 32-ft., 24k GVW, 17.5” wheels and 18 ply tires, aluminum V rib floor, (2) center gates, 8K oilbath torsion axles, electric brakes, 3 hole punch sides, slider in the back door, 32” drivers side access door, Gold Line Edition, 12K jack. Stock #27697.................................$41,950 2024 GR 6-ft. 8” x 32-ft., 21k GVWR, gooseneck stock trailer with nose, metal roof, closed sides, and 3 - 7,000 lbs. Drop spring brake axles, tare weight: 7,260 lbs. Stock #00143.............$25,350 2023 Travalong stock trailer, 6-ft. 8” x 24’-ft., 50” access door, sloped nose, solid center gate, wood floor. Stock# 32258..............................................................................................................$21,950 2023 GR gooseneck stock trailer 6-ft. 8” x 24-ft.,14k, with nose, metal roof, closed sides, 48” escape door, cleated rubber floor. Stock# 13080....................................................................$20,450 2023 GR half top stock trailer, 6-ft. 8” x 20-ft. 14k gooseneck, half top with nose, cowboy sides, 5 runners under the wood floor, 2 cut gates. Stock #03359...................................................$17,750 2023 GR 6ft. 8” x 20-ft. 14K gooseneck stock trailer with nose, metal roof, closed sides, and 2 7,000 lbs. torsion brake axles, full swing with half slide tail gate. Stock #09983.................$15,450

FLATBED TRAILERS 2023 Delco X-ON gooseneck deck-over flatbed trailer, 20K low-pro dual tandem flatbed 102” x 36-ft., Stock# 30055........................................................................................................................ $18,500 2024 Lamar gooseneck flatbed trailer, 102” x 32-ft. 20K deck-over, 10K electric brake spring axles, regular height neck & coupler, front toolbox, 5-ft. dove, pair of Rhino ramps Stock# 23252.............. .............................................................................................................................................. $16,950 2023 Delco gooseneck equipment trailer/car hauler, 102” x 26-ft., 14K GVW, 2 5/16 gooseneck coupler Stock# 27802................................................................................................................. $11,650 *2024 Lamar gooseneck equipment trailer, 83” x 24-ft. H8, 7K EZ lube electric brake spring axle(s), dual 10k drop-leg jacks, front toolbox, 2-ft. dove, pair of slide-in ramps. Stock #23570....... $11,450

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Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page C14

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Hay analysis reports: Interpreting results

By Dagan Montgomery, University of Wyoming Extension More and more beef producers nationwide are having their hay sampled to analyze its nutrient content as part of their yearly routine. This relatively simple and affordable exercise allows cattlemen an in-depth look at the actual nutrient profile their herd will receive from hay, allowing them to plan supplemental feed programs accordingly.

However, before a hay analysis can be effectively put to use, it has to be understood. Depending on the lab performing the analysis, you may receive back a simple list of nutrients next to the corresponding measured value, with no indication of whether the value is high, average, or low compared to similar feeds. The nutrients themselves may only appear as abbreviations and could include a long list of measured and calculated components, some of which are more important than others depending on the operation.

This article will go through a basic break down of key nutrient components found in most routine hay analyses, as well as the relative values to look for in each.

Moisture Typically, the first values you’ll find on a hay analysis report are moisture and dry matter (DM), a means of comparing the amount of water within different feeds. This is determined by drying the hay in an oven and then weighing all non-water components.

Nutrient values will often be reported as both dry matter (DM) and “as-fed” (AF) or “as received”. Hay should be compared to other feeds using the DM value for nutrients.

For the rest of this article, values for other nutrient measurements will be discussed on a DM basis.

Moisture level also greatly influences the stability of harvested forage during storage. The target for hay is around 85% DM, or 15% moisture. Baleage is usually 40 to 60% DM, and silage should be 30 to 40% DM for proper fermentation. You’ll notice some moisture should remain, as being 100% water-free decreases palatability and leads to leaf shatter.

Crude Protein Protein in ruminant feeds is usually expressed as crude protein, or CP, as a percentage of DM. This is based on the total nitrogen in the plant matter multiplied by 6.25, as plant protein is typically 16% nitrogen (100 ÷ 16 =6.25). Crude protein can be used for ruminants, including cattle, because their unique gastrointestinal tract allows them to convert nonprotein nitrogen into microbial protein in the rumen.

Crude protein level is critical for a productive beef herd.

Sufficient protein is required for growth, lactation, reproduction, and muscle development. This is why protein is the one of the most commonly supplemented nutrients for grazing or hayed cattle.

It is also the most expensive. Dry gestating cows need at least 7% CP on a daily basis (7% value is also considered the bare minimum for wintering cattle, as this is lowest level needed to support rumen function). For at least the first 60 days after calving, a cow’s needs increase to 11% CP. Throughout the rest of lactation cows need at least 9% CP. Growing rations for calves typically contain 14 to 16% CP. Crude protein can vary based on forage species, maturity, soil, and storage stability.

Fiber The fiber content of the forage is made up of the structural components in the grasses’ cell wall and is usually broken into neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF), both expressed as a percentage of dry matter. Neutral detergent fiber contains the components cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, and is what remains after the digestible material is removed with a neutral detergent.

Forage intake will decrease as NDF increases and dividing 120 by NDF (%) can help determine how much the animal will eat as a percentage of body weight. For example, if NDF is 50%, dry matter intake will be 2.4% of the animal’s weight. Neutral detergent fiber can range from 40 to 65% DM, and at 60% and higher begins to noticeably decrease feed intake. Lower values are typically desired for NDF. Acid detergent fiber is what remains after remaining NDF has been removed with acid detergent. Forage digestibility decreases with increased ADF. Average ranges for ADF in hay are anywhere from 30 to 45% DM. Values above 40% ADF indicate a lower quality CONTINUED ON PAGE C16

##### Riding or sitting on a sea turtle in the United States is a 3rd degree felony.

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page C15

The Hawking Wormhole

Cake Trivia

The DEADLINE for advertising in December 2023 issue is WEDNESDAY, November 29th

“Wormholes are all around us, only they’re too small to see,” says physicist Stephen Hawking. He describes wormholes as “tiny crevices, wrinkles, and voids” in the universe that connect separate areas of space and time.

If scientists could devise a machine that would make a wormhole bigger–say, large enough for a human to pass through–it might make a handy time machine.

Unfortunately, right now, Hawking doesn’t know how to do that. What he does know is what he’d do with a wormhole time machine if he had one: “If I had a time machine, I’d visit Marilyn Monroe in her prime or drop in on Galileo as he turned his telescope to the heavens.”

1929 - First cake mix appears Sold in a can instead of a box, the first cake mix contained not only flour but also dried molasses, dried eggs and some other ingredients that water could be added to at home.

New flavors developed and making cakes became even more varied but rather simple.

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2003 Kenworth T800 Cat C15 6NZ, 550 hp, 13 speed, wet kit.

850,000 miles, recent engine work.................................$47,500

2007 Kenworth W900L heavy specs, Cat C15, 18 speed, double frame, 20k fronts, 20k steerable lift axle, 46k rears with lockers, dual line wet kit.........$89,500

2003 Sterling water truck, Cat 3126, automatic, 20,000 fronts, 46,000 rears, 4000 gallon tank.

1989 White/GMC water truck, Cummins, automatic 4000 gallon tank, spraybars, hose reel............ ........................................$25,000

1992 Kenworth T800 water truck, 4000 gallon tank, front and rear spray bars................$32,500

1979 Cat 627B twin engine scraper.............................$39,500 2015 Kubota RTX900 diesel, 12,000 hours.......................$4000

2005 John Deere 750J LT 6 way blade, rippers, 9000 hours............ ........................................$89,500 1976 Cat 627B twin engine scraper, cushion hitch......$34,000

2007 Kubota RTV900 4x4, diesel, 3500 hours...................$7500

2007 Gradall 534-9 9000 telehandler, John Deere engine, OROPS, 6000 hours. In good condition.... Buy or Rent $45,000

2008 Terex 636 telehandler.......... ........................................$37,500

2018 Deere 844Kiii 13,000 hours, 7 yard bucket, recent work orders................... Call For Price

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2005 Western 53-ft. Commodity Express Belt trailer, quad axle, front and rear axle lift, roll tarp...... ........................................$59,500

1999 Fontaine 48-ft. stepdeck, all steel, air ride, spread axle..$16,000

2006 Utility 51-ft. T/A van trailer, air ride, swinging door.........$6000

2011 Transcraft 53-ft. combo stepdeck, sliding rear axle, aluminum deck, tool boxes, new king pin plate...........................$30,000

2016 Genie 3246 electric scissor lift, 350 hours......................$7500

2005 JLG 600S 60-ft. manlift, 3400 hours.......................$33,500

2017 Komatsu D155AXi-8 dozer, 7000 hours, recent engine, GPS Intelligent machine with Integrated GPS, Semi-U blade, rippers... Buy or Rent... $299,500

2009 John Deere 350D excavator, 10,000 hours, manual coupler, multiple bucket options, hydraulic thumb, 13-ft. stick. recent work orders......................$82,500

2008 John Deere 850J WLT 6 way blade, 6700 hours, rippers.

Very clean, pre-emission dozer.... ......................................$125,000

2005 Volvo EC290 excavtor, 9000 hours, manual coupler, multiple buckets available, 13-ft. stick.................................$44,500

2015 Cat 140M3 AWD grader, rippers, pushblock, 17.5 rubber.... ......................................$199,500

2014 Komatsu PC490-10 excavator, 12,000 hours, manual coupler, 13-ft. stick................$75,000

2005 Komatsu WA200 PT wheel loader, hydraulic coupler, 3rd valve, 17,000 hours. Runs and works great......................$45,000

2016 Cat 299D 2 speed, 2500 hours................................$65,000

2021 Cargo trailer, 20-ft. T/A, side door, rear fold down............$9000

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CHECK OUR WEBSITE FOR MORE INFO

2014 John Deere 7290R MFWD tractor, 7300 hours, 290 hp........... ......................................$129,500 (5) 2006 Silver Eagle converter dollies........................ $2500 each

2012 Trailking 55-ton lowboy, 26-ft. well, self contained, lift axle, fenders.............................$75,000

2021 Aspen 65 ton hydraulic lowboy, 26-ft. well, self shimming booster.......................... $285,000

2011 SiDumpR sidedump, 3 axle, electric tarp.......Rental Unit

1996 Hypac 84” smooth drum roller.................................$30,000

2014 New Holland 340S 3x4 baler, Intelliview 3 monitor, folding roller chute, 25,000 bales....... ........................................$52,500

2010 Kobelco SK140 excavator, zero tail swing, auxiliary hydraulic, 4800 hours, extensive work orders..............................$50,000

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1998 Great Dane 48-ft. flatbed, spread axle.........................$7500 25-ft. x 102” bale bed..........$2500

2001 Knight 65 ton stretch lowboy, 25-38-ft., additional 6-ft. deck section available...............................................................................$89,500

2016 Ford F-350 Lariat, crew cab, 6.7L diesel, heated and cooled seats, 5th wheel, aftermarket wheels and tires, deleted, 107,000 miles. Previous salvage title...................................$30,000

2001 Ingersoll-Rand SD122 84” padfoot roller, enclosed cab.......... ........................................$45,000

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Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page C16

GRAIN AUGER FOR SALE Westfield MK 10” x 61-ft. grain auger, low profile hopper.

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Hay analysis reports: Interpreting results CONTINUED FROM PAGE C14

hay. Both forms of fiber increase with plant maturity and are typically lower in legumes than grasses.

Energy Energy in a feed can be measured in several ways. The most common and practical way to evaluate energy content of a forage is total digestible nutrients, or TDN. Total digestible nutrients are also expressed as a percentage of dry matter, and are the sum of digestible carbohydrates, protein, and fat the animal will receive.

In general, hay with less than 52% TDN would be considered lower quality, hay with 52% to 58% TDN would be medium or average quality and hay exceeding 58% would be high quality. Based on the 2016 “Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle, Eighth Revised Edition”, mature cows that are nursing calves need a minimum of 58 to 61% TDN in their diet, whereas a dry pregnant cow should be getting at least 50 to 54% TDN, depending on stage of pregnancy.

These values can easily be converted to pounds by multiplying the percentage of TDN by the total pounds of dry matter the animal eats per day.

Minerals Both macrominerals and trace minerals are critical for cattle growth and performance, and several will show up on a good hay analysis. Two of the key minerals you should look for are calcium (Ca) and phosphorous (P), both usually reported as a percentage of total DM. These are both needed for skeletal growth in growing cattle and are crucial for lactation.

Dry cows need 0.25% to 0.28% Ca and 0.16% to 0.19% P a day in their diets. Cows at peak lactation need at least 0.31% Ca and 0.21% P per day. The ratio of calcium to phosphorous should remain between 1.5:1 and 4:1, because too much phosphorous can impede calcium absorption. Most common complete mineral mixes are sufficient to provide cattle with enough calcium and phosphorous.

Calculated Values (RFV & RFQ) Several values can be calculated based on other results from a hay sample. Relative Feed Value (RFV) and Relative Forage Quality (RFQ) are calculated values and meant to combine energy content and dry matter intake into a single value, which is measured against full bloom alfalfa as a standard (full bloom alfalfa is assumed to have RFV=100).

These are meant to provide an idea of how well a forage would provide for a ruminant animal if that was all that was being fed. Both may appear on a hay sample analysis.

However, depending on the lab, these may need to be specifically requested.

Relative Feed Value was developed first, calculated using the measured values for ADF and NDF in the sample.

The problem is that RFV isn’t accurate across forage types, such as when comparing good grass hay to legumes, so RFQ was developed using TDN as part of the calculation. RFQ is considered a better judge of true potential for a forage to predict animal performance.

In most cases, RFQ will range from 50 to 250. In hay, RFQ < 90 = low quality, 90-110 = fair quality, 111-140 = good quality, 141-200 = premium hay, > 200 = outstandingly high-quality hay. Dry cows can get by on hay in the 100 to 115 range, whereas growing cattle and lactating cows really need hay in the 115 to 140 range.

A good hay analysis can provide a tremendous amount of information about the actual nutrition your herd is receiving.

But the data you get back can be difficult to sort through, especially without a good frame of reference for what the values and nutrient components mean. Some values are extremely important to pay attention to and can go a long way in formulating a good supplementation program for your herd. Others may not be as crucial.

If you still have questions or want to be sure your interpretation is correct, reach out to your local extension personnel for assistance. A list of county extension offices for Wyoming can be found at https://www.uwyo.edu/uwe/ county-offices.html. ##### A businessman went into the office and found an inexperienced handyman painting the walls. The handyman was wearing two heavy parkas on a hot summer day. Thinking this was a little strange, the businessman asked the handyman why he was wearing the parkas on such a hot day.

The handyman showed him the instructions on the can of paint. They read: “For best results, put on two coats.”

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page C17

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Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page C18

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By Michael P. Parrella, Dean College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Idaho University of Idaho Extension forage and small grains researchers are testing a seemingly counterintuitive theory that local farmers could reap rewards by planting alfalfa varieties that weren’t bred to withstand Idaho’s cold winters.

The team is in the first year of a planned three-year trial at the University of Idaho’s Aberdeen Research and Extension Center evaluating the planting of non-dormant alfalfa varieties — those that don’t enter winter dormancy — in Idaho as a means of improving soil health and fixing extra nitrogen to benefit future crops.

Alfalfa is traditionally raised as a perennial crop that remains in production for four or five seasons, until declining hay quality and yields prompt farmers to remove it. As with most legumes, alfalfa can produce nodules on its roots where soil bacteria convert nitrogen from the atmosphere into a plant-usable form.

UI Extension researchers Jared Spackman, Reed Findlay, David Callister, Jared Gibbons, Joseph Sagers and Tom Jacobsen anticipate Idaho farmers stand to significantly increase nitrogen fixation by planting alfalfa varieties developed for warmer states, such as Arizona, that don’t have to expend energy late in the season to become winter hardy.

The researchers explain rather than thickening taproots and bulking up their crowns to avoid winter kill, the non-dormant varieties popular in warmer climates are free to focus energy on fixing more nitrogen.

“The reason we’re doing this now is because alfalfa prices rose significantly over the last five years and fertilizer costs also rose significantly,” Findlay said. “We’re going to beat this thing at both ends of the stick.”

Non-dormant alfalfa raised in Aberdeen should yield a single season of three cuttings and die in the winter, providing growers with a cash crop while reducing future fertilizer costs. Findlay conducted a similar trial in Utah several years ago and found a non-dormant alfalfa variety bred to optimize nitrogen fixation, called Nitro, produced enough nitrogen to support either a barley or corn crop during the following season, as well as a full barley crop during the third season.

In the current trial, Findlay and his colleagues are testing a variety related to the one Findlay previously experimented with, called High Nitro. They’re comparing it against Stratica, which is a Roundup Ready conventional alfalfa variety commonly raised in Idaho.

“One of the things we’re interested in is if there is a nitrogen benefit of High Nitro versus Stratica,” Spackman said.

To evaluate the ability of the two alfalfa varieties to supply nitrogen for fall or spring seeded barley production, the UI Extension educators will establish plots receiving multiple nitrogen fertilizer application rates including a non-fertilized check. Comparing both fall and spring alfalfa should help the researchers determine how quickly nitrogen is released and made available to subsequent small grain crops.

The researchers will also evaluate protein levels, yield, energy content and digestibility of the hay varieties. Yields from the first two cuttings of both varieties were comparable.

A secondary benefit of raising alfalfa for a single season is that it would allow small grain farmers to diversify their rotations, control weeds using different herbicides and break the cycle of disease. Furthermore, alfalfa killed by the winter cold would lend organic matter to soil. Idaho farmers often plant cover crops — crops grown primarily for soil-health benefits — to accomplish such results. Non-dormant hay would give farmers the benefits both of a cover crop and a cash crop.

Findlay believes the timing is right for the research, given that the market outlook is for fuel prices, which are tied to fertilizer prices, to continue rising.

“The higher fertilizer prices go, the more apt people are to look at different ways of farming,” Findlay said. “This study is really important to find out because I think it’s on us as researchers to figure it out before growers put the annual alfalfa in.”

The project’s initial year has been funded with a $5,000 Innovative Projects Grant through UI Extension.

Cake Trivia 1200s - First recorded use of the word “cake” According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the word “cake” can be traced back to this time. The word is likely of Viking origins from the Old Norse language.

Testing hay

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page C19

We’d appreciate it if you tell an advertiser you read his ad in the Trader’s Dispatch.

By Ben Beckman, UNL While we as producers do all we can in season to store up quality hay, nutrient value in hay can change drastically from year to year. Even in the same field cut at a similar time, annual swings of 5% crude protein content and 10% TDN are not uncommon. With crop residues like cornstalk bales, we may have a smaller swing in nutrient differences, but a drop from 5% CP to 3% can have a big impact on supplement strategies and need. When it comes time to feed this winter, knowing what quality hay you have can mean the difference between over or underfeeding hay and/or supplement.

Ultimately, differences can affect the bottom line as well as have negative consequences for herd health and fertility.

Testing hay isn’t hard, it just takes a bit of time and planning. The first step is to get a quality hay probe. Next, divide your hay into lots, bales that were harvested from the same field under similar conditions.

Sample 15-20 bales per lot, using the probe on the side that will capture the most layers. For round bales, sample from the rounded side; for squares, sample the shorter front or back end. Mix these samples from a lot together in a bucket and take out a quart sized Ziploc bag worth. Label the final sample with the hay type, lot number, and producer name and address and store in a cool, dry place until you can send it to your lab of choice for analysis. To avoid your sample sitting in the mail, ship during the first part of the week so the lab can begin processing before the weekend shutdown.

Testing hay can take a bit of time, but accurately knowing the value of forages this winter can save money and help when it’s time to make decisions about providing supplemental feed. If you haven’t done so yet, now’s the time to test before winter sets in.

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Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page C20

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Dawson County rancher Ric Holden stands in a patch of Canada thistle still thriving on his property. Other areas on Holden’s property infested with gall flies have seen a significant reduction in the noxious weed.

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One Dawson County producer witnessed an unusual reduction of a noxious weed on his land over the past year and while observing a biological control agent that certainly helped, the real reason behind the event is likely more complex.

After the snow melted away last spring, Ric Holden, a rancher in the southwestern part of Dawson County, looked out into his pastures and noticed something was different: There was a significant reduction of a weed known as Canada Thistle.

“I sat here and looked around and (asked myself), ‘Where’d it go?’” he said.

The Problem The issue with Canada thistle, Holden noted, is it prohibits his livestock — sheep and cattle — from grazing lush green grass beneath due to the thorny leaves of the plant.

“It’s a horrible noxious weed that we’ve been fighting for decades,” he said.

The weed spreads in the same manner as dandelions, producing countless light seeds that spread about the land in the wind.

He has battled the weed ever since he started working the ranch 33 years ago, and it has cost him unfathomable amounts of money to spray year after year.

“I don’t even know how many thousands of dollars I’ve spent trying to combat Canada thistle,” Holden said. “(Sprays) will kill it down, but for some reason you almost have to do it every year. The roots don’t get completely killed and then it springs back up in the spring.”

The most common spray used to combat Canada thistle is known as 2,4-D, a herbicide used to control broadleaf weeds in general.

The Reduction After observing the devastation of Canada thistle on his land this year, Holden took to the internet to figure out what could have happened. His research revealed the Canada thistle gall fly as a likely suspect.

The Canada thistle gall fly is an insect that lays eggs in stems of the plant, which eventually form a hard sphere known as a gall. Inside are larvae that burrow out of the gall once it is fully grown.

“That’s why it tweaked my interest so much because I was spending thousands of dollars just trying to kill this (weed) myself,” Holden said. “Then all of a sudden it’s disappearing.”

Despite his observations and research of the gall fly and its perceived effect on the Canada thistle on his land, Montana Biocontrol Project Coordinator Melissa Maggio pointed to a different force that likely expedited the devastation: Canada thistle rust.

“Those insects are not going to completely eliminate the plant,” she said, adding it would likely take anywhere between three to 10 years once the gall fly takes hold before any reduction in Canada thistle is seen. “When people see these significant reductions within one year, biocontrol agents could be playing a role in this, but more often that’s potentially something more like a pathogen; a plant disease.”

Maggio explained the reason the gall flies themselves are not likely the only culprit when a signifiant reduction in Canada thistle is seen is because the insect depends on the plant for food and habitat.

CONTINUED ON PAGE C24

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A section of Holden’s land that was once filled with Canada thistle weeds.

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page C21

It really is a melting pot In 2006 Professor Peter Fine at Florida Atlantic University asked his class to do a project on their own racial identities, and to submit to DNA tests as part of it. Twelve of the students considered themselves white with European ancestry one considered himself black and of African descent. Results: Only one of the white students turned out to be completely European, and the black student turned out to have 21% European ancestry. The rest had various degrees

HAY & BARLEY STRAW FOR SALE

of European, African, Native American, and East Asian genes. Professor Fine himself, who considered himself of typical white European stock, found out that he had 25% Native American genes. “I honestly think these tests could have a large effect on American consciousness,” Fine told the U.K.’s Observer newspaper, “If Americans recognize themselves as a mixed group of people, that could really change things.”

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2021 CHEVROLET 2500 DOUBLE CAB, LB, 4X4, 74K MILES, RARE FIND was: $50,995 • SALE $49,900

2011 CHEVROLET AVALANCHE LT, VERY NICE

2007 CHEVROLET SUBURBAN LT 2500, 4X4, 75K MILES, RARE FIND!

was: $18,995 $18,995 • SALE $17,900

SLASHER

was: $26,995 $26,995 • SALE $25,900

2017 FORD F250, EXT CAB, LONG BOX 4X4, 56K MILES was: $39,995 • SALE $38,900

95

,9 SALE $25

2021 CHRYSLER VOYAGER, 67K MILES was: $29,995 • SALE $28,900

2018 FORD T150 CARGO VAN, 87K MILES, RARE FIND was: $32,995 • SALE $31,900

95

,9 SALE $39

SLASHER

2022 JEEP WRANGLER SPORT, 6K ACTUAL MILES, WHY BUY NEW? was: $42,995 • SALE $41,900

2021 DODGE RAM BIGHORN 2500, CREW, 4X4, CUMMINS, LIKE NEW was: $51,995 $51,995 • SALE $50,995

was: $25,995 • SALE $24,900

SLASHER

2019 BUICK ENVISION AWD 36K MILES, SHARP!

was: $34,995 • SALE $33,995

SLASHER

2013 FORD F250 STAKE BED, 12K ACTUAL MILES

95

SALE $27,9

2020 FORD ECOSPORT TITANIUM, 4WD, ONLY 16K MILES, LOADED

2023 KIA SOUL LX, 6800 ACTUAL MILES, LIKE NEW

2 TO CHOOSE FROM! 2010 CHEVROLET HHR SPORT, 34K MILES, MINT!

2021 HYUNDAI TUCSON SEL, 39K MILES, AWD was: $29,995 • SALE $28,995

2018 DODGE RAM 1500 DOUBLE CAB, 4X4, 22K ACTUAL MILES was: $30,995 • SALE $29,900

was: $39,995 • SALE $38,900

2017 FORD F150 CREW, 4X4, 65K MILES, NICE SHAPE! was: $35,995 • SALE $34,995

SLASHER

95

was: $29,995 • SALE $28,900

was: $30,995 • SALE $29,900

2018 GMC YUKON XL, HIGH MILES BUT PRICED RIGHT!

95

,9 SALE $33

SLASHER

95

,9 SALE $51

2022 FORD F150 SUPER CREW, XLT, 31K MILES 3.5 ECOBOOST 4X4, EXTRA EQUIPMENT was: $54,995 $54,995 • SALE $53,900

2020 KIA SORENTO S MODEL, AWD, 28K MILES

SALE $27,9

2020 FORD EDGE SEL, AWD, 66K MILES

95

SALE $27,9

was: $15,995 • SALE $14,900

95

was: $30,995 • SALE $29,995

was: $26,995 • SALE $25,995

2016 FORD F250 SUPER DUTY 4X4 SLASHER

SALE $27,9

2021 KIA SELTOS ONLY 26K MILES!!!

SLASHER

was: $22,995 • SALE $21,900

95

was: $33,995 • SALE $32,900

was: $29,995 • SALE $28,995

2014 TOYOTA TACOMA 2WD, 46K ACTUAL MILES

was: $26,995 • SALE $25,995

,9 SALE $30

2021 TOYOTA RAV4, 46K MILES, LIKE NEW

SLASHER

1996 CHEVROLET 2500 SUBURBAN, 4X4, WINCH, 7.4L, 59K ACTUAL MILES, ORIGINAL BEAUTY!

was: $35,995 • SALE $34,900

2021 FORD ESCAPE TITANIUM, 4X4, 39K MILES was: $33,995 • SALE $32,995

2015 JEEP CHEROKEE SPORT, 46K MILES, 4X4 was: $19,995 • SALE $18,900

2020 KIA OPTIMA LX, 58K MILES was: $22,995 • SALE $21,900

2019 DODGE GRAND CARAVAN

2014 FORD EXPEDITION, 73K MILES was: $24,995 • SALE $23,995

was: $16,995 • SALE $15,900

2017 CHEVROLET 3500 REGULAR CAB, FLATBED, 4X4, 33K ACTUAL MILES

2021 FORD BRONCO SPORT, 38K MILES

was: $44,995 $44,995 • SALE $43,900

2018 RAM 1500 QUAD CAB 4WD

was: $33,995 • SALE $32,995

was: $26,995 • SALE $25,900

2020 FORD F250 TRANSIT CARGO VAN, MID-ROOF, 28K 1-OWNER MILES

2017 JEEP WRANGLER SAHARA, 63K MILES was: $31,995 • SALE $30,500

was: $43,995 • SALE $42,900

SLASHER

2014 FORD F150 EXTENDED CAB, 4X4, 68K ACTUAL MILES was: $23,995 $23,995 • SALE $22,995

2020 FORD F150 SUPER CREW 4X4, PRICED RIGHT was: $29,995 • SALE $28,995

2012 FORD F350 FLATBED, 4X4 DUALLY, 117K MILES was: $32,995 • SALE $31,900

95

,9 SALE $28

2021 NISSAN ROGUE SV LOADED, SUNROOF, HEATED LEATHER, 63K MILES was: $32,995 • SALE $31,900

AUTO SALES

SLASHER

2011 FORD F350 XL, UTILITY BOX, 4X4, 95K MILES, 6.2L was: $30,995 • SALE $29,995

SLASHER

95 SALE $37,9

2020 FORD F150 SUPERCREW XLT HEATED SEATS, 68K MILES, VERY NICE! was: $41,995 • SALE $40,900

95

,9 SALE $42

2020 CHEVROLET 1500 SILVERADO LTZ, CREW, 4WD was: $48,995 • SALE $47,900

2016 CHEVROLET 1500 CREW, 5.3L, 85K MILES, VERY CLEAN was: $28,995 • SALE $27,995

Dan Bleskin Owner

Nancy Gray Owner

Toni Gratz Office Admin.

Ryan Sales Manager

Patrick Business Manager

“Chewy” Mattson Internet Manager

“Chip” Mascot

Bruce Thomas Lot Manager

Pedro Marroquin Product Specialist

Joe O’Neal Product Specialist

Evelyn Shirey Product Specialist

Derrick Price Product Specialist

3456 10th Ave S

406-453-0112 -or-

3314 10th Ave S

406-761-4090 www.PetesGreatFalls.com

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page C22

The deadline for advertising in the December 2023 issue of the Trader's Dispatch will be November 29th.

Phone (406) 271-5533 or email: advertising @tradersdispatch.com

May all the good things of life be yours, not only at Thanksgiving but throughout the coming year.

1-800-228-1928 or 406-265-5443

1 mile north of Havre on Highway 232

CERTIFIED SEED PLANT Specializing In: Cereal Grains, Grasses, Legumes

For sales information call Brad Ruhkamp, Renelle Ruhkamp or Dustin Ruhkamp.

Online at www.wildhorseseeds.com

Box 1028 Havre, MT 59501 www.wildhorseseeds.com

Bean breeders scout fields for desirable bean genetics

By Chabella Guzman, communications specialist, UNL The dry bean harvest is underway across the Panhandle.

At the University of Nebraska-Lincoln Panhandle Research Extension and Education Center in Scottsbluff, Carlos Urrea, UNL dry bean breeder, has been hand-selecting dry bean plants for research. Urrea and his team go into the fields before harvest and pull out the dry bean plants with desired traits.

“We have been selecting for earliness, plant architecture, and also for common bacterial blight resistance,” he said.

The dry edible beans in Urrea’s plots are fourth generation and include pintos, great northern, and cranberries. He and his team of undergraduate students and summer workers are threshing the beans. Some of the pods have common bacterial blight. Those beans are rejected if the plant has more than 20 to 30 percent of blight.

“If they have intermediary maturity or are lying on the ground, they are also rejected,” Urrea said.

The group was joined by Kainyon Tay, head of the legume program in Chile with the National Research Institute of Ministry of Agriculture (INIA), on Sept. 19. He walked some plots with them, picking and choosing quality bean plants.

“I have sent him some Chilean (dry bean) lines, like Tortola. Carlos crosses them with beans that have resistant genes for bean mosaic virus, a disease problem in Chile,” Tay said.

Urrea and Tay are both part of the international nursery, where the breeders shuttle beans back and forth to shorten the breeding process. Chile is one of the nurseries Urrea uses to advance his bean program, so the beans grow by two generations a year.

“It (nurseries) makes the program more efficient,” Urrea said. “This year, we are rejecting about 30 percent of the lines in the field and not harvesting them.”

The dry beans, which make the cut, will be sent off to Chile, New Zealand, Australia, and Puerto Rico to be grown.

In the Spring of 2024, the next generation will return to be planted in the Panhandle.

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2022 — Page C23

This is an especially important time of year to be thinking about minerals!

Stretch your pasture

• • We Have Weaning Pellets Available • •

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Call toll-free 1-800-873-0336 — Local 406-873-4433 Highway 2 East, Across from railroad crossing, Cut Bank Bulk Plant toll-free 1-888-878-2812 — Local 406-873-2812

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Taylor’s Farm Store Ben Taylor Valier

Farm Store toll-free 1-888-220-5547 — Local 406-434-5547 Bulk Plant toll-free 1-800-824-8366 — Local 406-434-5546 Chemical Warehouse 406-434-5253 — Store on Highway #2 in Shelby

GRADE 5&8 BOLTS NUTS WASHERS 1/4” - 3/4”

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Call toll-free 1-866-279-3360 Store & Bulk Plant 406-279-3365 – Shop 406-279-3693 Cut Bank Highway - Valier - Highway 44 East

Barb Wire Bunk feeders - Gates - Panels Handling systems

They are taking longer than normal to get in.

CALL TODAY! See BTI Feeds in Cut Bank for…

Order your fall wormers

IN STOCK! Call Us for Prices

STEEL & WOOD FENCE POSTS

A complete line of fall vaccines including pre-conditioning shots for calves

Goulds Jet & Submersible Pump Water Systems

WOOD PELLETS

10%

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When you buy pellets by the ton

Bulk and case lot anti-freeze and RV anti-freeze Solve rodent problems with “Gladiator” Roller chain • Sprockets • Hubs

We make up hydraulic hoses in our Shelby & Valier stores

Nichols Sweeps Conventional, Ultrawing Klip Wing

SALE PRICES

More inventory on the way!

Available at Taylor Farm Store

Diacon-D, Insecto and Dustacide grain protectants B & W and Caldwell aeration systems.

The B & W grain aerator and dryer sucks out moisture and heat. It works in round or flat storage. Aerates grain up to 18-ft. deep and 5,000 bushels at a time. Easily moved from bin to bin.

Our Caldwell line features 12” round duct, T’s, Y’s, elbows, 4-way cross, end caps, adapters, fans, accessories.

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Grain hoppers — Scoop Shovels.

PROPANE Installations • Delivery • Inspections

all gallons Call 1-800-824-8366 paint

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page C24

GLASS TRUCKING, INC.

Grain, Liquid, Hay & Livestock Hauling • In business since 1960 • Visit us at www.glasstrucking.com

Denton, MT 406-567-2232 800-325-8859

Holden holds a stem of a Canada thistle that is half dead.

Reduction of Canada thistle CONTINUED FROM PAGE C20

Scott Schmiedeke (406) 240-2572 Victor, MT

Henry Kallis (605) 639-1904 Spearfish, SD

See us on the web: www.tte-inc.com

2019 Case 850M WT 810 hours, enclosed cab with heat and AC, cloth air ride seat, AM/FM radio, cab sweeps, 5 shank ripper, 124” PAT blade, Leica iCONgrade iCP32 machine control system, like new condition, just serviced, needs nothing, very clean dozer. Located in Spearfish, SD........................................................................ $174,900 2012 Manitou 10120L telehandler, enclosed, heat and AC, 1225+hours, Mercedes turbo diesel engine (177 hp), 4x4, 3 steering modes, fender package, light package, auxiliary hydraulics, coupler, hydraulic fork slide, 98” carriage, 96” forks, nice foam filled tires, hydrostatic drive, 2 speed travel, joy stick controls, has been through the shop, recent service, excellent condition, 26,500 lb lift. Located in Spearfish, SD.....................................$164,000 2014 Genie GTH844 2420+hours, 3 steering modes, frame leveling, 48” carriage, 60” forks, nice foam filled tires, 8,000 lb lift, 44-ft. reach, super nice condition. Located in Spearfish, SD.......$67,500 2017 Bobcat S740 2370+- hours, enclosed cab with heat and A/C, joy stick controls with pattern changer, nice solid deal tires, HiFlow auxiliary hydraulics, auxiliary electrics, 3100 lbs operating capacity, 6200 lbs tip load, has been through the shop, all repairs have been done, just serviced, very clean and tight machine. Located in Spearfish, SD..............................$48,900

“It’s often a very slow process because those insects have to build up their numbers to a tipping point where there are more insects than there are plants,” she said.

Nonetheless, it is possible the gall fly makes Canada thistle more susceptible to plant disease.

“We have seen higher reductions of Canada thistle where that pathogen is present along with the biocontrol agents,” she said. “It’s not a for sure thing that it’s going to help (producers) reduce their thistle infestation, but there is a possibility that it could help.”

Holden said he has talked to some of his neighbors and nearby family members who are beginning to see the gall fly spread about their land as well, however they have not noticed the same level of eradication as he has.

“A lot of people didn’t even know what they were looking at,” he said. “I’ve got some relatives that have started to go out and look at their patches now that I brought it to their attention and they’re going out and they’re saying, ‘Well, we do see this now.’”

The Conclusion The gall fly coupled with the rust fungus is certainly a helpful agent for controlling Canada thistle, however it still does not have consistent results.

Maggio noted the Montana Biocontrol Project — as well as many other research groups — is currently working on learning more about the effects of the rust fungus in an attempt eventually use it as an effective biocontrol agent, but it only produces varying results at this time.

“Rust funguses are just notoriously difficult to work with,” Maggio said. “There are a lot of researchers who are looking at it currently, but there are a lot of unknowns.”

She understands the excitement landowners may feel when Canada thistle rapidly disappears from their land after discovering the Canada thistle gall fly and hopes one day she can recommend a reliable efficient and effective biocontrol agent for the weed.

“People really want a silver bullet and so they get really excited when they see things like this; when they release insects and see (Canada thistle) drop off,” Maggio said.

“We have to be really careful in the field of biocontrol because people get really frustrated really easily if they think that’s going to happen and doesn’t happen for them.”

A Canada thistle gall fly.

2014 Bobcat E35, 2940 +/- hours, enclosed cab with heat and AC, coupler, hydraulic thumb, 24” bucket, leveling blade, 2 speed travel, has been through the shop, all repairs done, fresh service. Located in Victor, MT................................................................................ $43,900 2015 Case 621F, 5125 hours, EROPS with heat and AC, ride control, reversing fan, JRB hydraulic coupler, 3CY bucket, very nice radial tires, has been through our shop, just serviced, the loader is in excellent condition. Located in Spearfish, SD............................................................................. $89,500 2013 Case 621F, 4655 hours, enclosed cab with heat and AC, ride control, reversing fan, JRB hydraulic coupler, auxiliary hydraulics, 3 CY bucket, very nice radial tires, has been through our shop, all repairs have been done, just serviced, the loader is in excellent condition and job site ready. Located in Spearfish, SD.............. $89,500

Holden holds a Canada thistle gall fly that he cultivated in his home as part of his research.

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page C25

$21,300 On-Farm Installation

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page C26

NEW-TO-YOU EQUIPMENT CBEQUIPMENT.COM • Contact Jeff Fjelstad at (406) 633-5032 for more information

1998 John Deere 9200 Retail: $96,715 Stock: 345615

2013 John Deere XUV 825I S4 Retail: $10,388 Stock: 345383

2020 John Deere XUV 835M Retail: $23,689 Stock: 347101

Haybuster 2564 Retail: $21,483 Stock: 339293

2007 Haybuster 2650 Retail: $14,568 Stock: 336675

2018 John Deere 1590 Retail: $65,643 Stock: 340867

International 620 Retail: $5,713 Stock: 343192

2023 John Deere X9 1000 Retail: $737,577 Stock: 346580

2023 John Deere HD50F Retail: $153,417 Stock: 346593

2016 Bobcat T650 Retail: $44,520 Stock: 346742

2007 John Deere CT332 Retail: $38,690 Stock: 337239

2016 John Deere 1025R Retail: $21,804 Stock: 346284

2016 John Deere 1025R Retail: $22,845 Stock: 342828

2014 John Deere 1025R Retail: $16,448 Stock: 343775

2012 John Deere 3520 Retail: $37,736 Stock: 343709

2014 Harvest International FC1545 Retail: $16,350 Stock: 319490

2018 John Deere L341 Retail: $91,500 Stock: 341302

2008 Vermeer R2300 Retail: $11,963 Stock: 343765

2013 Sitrex MK-12 Retail: $7,208 Stock: 339642

2021 John Deere 560M Retail: $52,952 Stock: 345320

November 2023

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page C27

2020 John Deere 560M Retail: $40,128 Stock: 342545

Home Made 20 Retail: $2,938 Stock: 346109

2019 John Deere 560M Retail: $34,485 Stock: 344517

2018 John Deere 560M Retail: $31,763 Stock: 345115

2002 John Deere 567 Retail: $10,950 Stock: 344100

2022 John Deere 8R 310 Retail: $426,714 Stock: 286492

2022 John Deere 6145M Retail: $179,359 Stock: 304377

2022 John Deere 6145M Retail: $176,340 Stock: 336543

2023 John Deere 6155M Retail: $203,824 Stock: 303592

2017 John Deere 6155R Retail: $142,018 Stock: 343379

2016 John Deere 6155R Retail: $137,778 Stock: 337509

2020 John Deere 6175R Retail: $199,383 Stock: 302809

2013 John Deere 7200R Retail: $158,611 Stock: 347069

2013 John Deere 7215R Retail: $111,999 Stock: 345078

2011 John Deere 7215R Retail: $128,168 Stock: 332222

2007 John Deere 7430 Premium Retail: $99,869 Stock: 339754

1997 John Deere 8200 Retail: $60,950 Stock: 341602

2015 John Deere 8345R Retail: $245,144 Stock: 347058

2019 John Deere 8370R Retail: $288,974 Stock: 344386

2003 Bobcat S175 Retail: $19,888 Stock: 345318

2001 John Deere 4710 Retail: $58,438 Stock: 341884

2020 John Deere 8RX 310 Retail: $425,898 Stock: 347100

2022 John Deere 325G Retail: $83,029 Stock: 341130

2017 John Deere 569 Retail: $24,624 Stock: 347097

Contact Jeff Fjelstad for information (406) 633-5032

Visit us at CBEQUIPMENT.COM

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page C28

HAY & STRAW FOR SALE Fairfield hay and straw in round bales.

In state delivery available.

Phone (406) 870-9003

##### The Moon shines brighter than any other object in the night sky. However, it doesn’t produce any light but reflects the Sun’s rays.

Service & Parts for All Makes, Models & Brands

RPH Irrigation Services Limited PO Box 1201, 4056 HWY 89 • Choteau, MT 59422 • PH: 406-466-2242 • FAX: 406-466-5242 Jordan Ratliff, Manager/Sales 406-799-4746

All 2023 Model Year Trailers Must Go! On Sale NOW!

Big Timber, MT

406-860-8510 2023

2023

2023

SureTrac 7x20 car hauler, 10K GVW, winch plate, removable fender, brakes.

Was $5995

Now $5595

2023

SureTrac 7 x 18 car hauler, 7K GVW, removable fender, brakes. Was $4995

Now $4595

2023

Wells Cargo FT 7x14, rear ramp, V-nose, 78” rear door, D-rings & more! Was $8195

Now $7695

2023

SureTrac 81/2 x 24 deckover, power tilt, 15K GVW, 34” deck height, D-rings, electric brakes, LED lights, more.

Was $11,595

Now $11,295

SureTrac 81/2 x 20+5 B, pull deckover, 15K GVW, wide ramps, LED lights, EZ lube hubs, D-rings.

Was $10,295

Now $9895

SureTrac 7 x 16+4 equipment tilt, 14K GVW, hyd. cylinder lock, D-rings, LED lights and more. Was $8595

Now $8195

2023 SureTrac 81/2 x 20 Deckover, 14K GVW, ramps, 12K jack, electric brakes, D rings. Was $8595....Now $8195

2023 HP 7x16 LoPro dump, 14K GVW, scissor hoist, combo rear gate, tarp, charger. Was $12,495.....Now $11,995

2023 SureTrac 6 x 10 LoPro dump, 10K GVW, ramps, dual rear gate, tarp, charger, electric brakes. Was $8495

Now $7995

2023 SureTrac 6x12 LoPro dump, 10K GVW, tarp, battery charger, ramps, spreader gate. Was $8995.....Now $8295

2023 SureTrac 5x10 LoPro dump, 7K GVW, tarp, battery charger, spreader/Barn door rear gate. Was $7295.....Now $6695

2023 SureTrac 7x16 ATV, 10K GVW, side/rear ramps, electric brakes. Was $5595.....Now $5295

Web: www.platinumautocenter.net

E-mail: platchevy@gmail.com

Proper maintenance can prevent combine fires

Soybean harvest is in full swing across North Dakota, with field corn and sunflowers to follow. Weather conditions have been very warm and mostly dry, with a few intermittent showers across the state to shut down harvest progress for a few days. North Dakota State University Extension farm and ranch safety coordinator Angie Johnson urges farmers to use any breaks in harvest for necessary maintenance that can help prevent equipment failures and fires.

“Equipment fires, specifically combine fires, are a serious threat during the harvest season,” says Johnson. “No one wants to lose their combine or the remaining unharvested crop in the field due to fire. The biggest risk, however, is the loss of human life, as combines, crops and other equipment can be replaced – you cannot.”

While performing daily maintenance and making repairs, take time to examine your combine’s electric and hydraulic systems, advises Johnson. Properly route or restrain wires and hoses so they do not rub or get cut by moving parts.

“Hydraulic systems are prone to produce small leaks, and there may be oily residues from repairs,” says Johnson.

“Hydraulic oil combined with crop dust provides a ready fuel source that will burn if ignited. It is very common for the fuel source to be crop residue or soybean dust.”

Soybean dust is fine, fluffy material that finds its way to almost all machine parts. A combine that is not thoroughly cleaned periodically will have highly combustible material tucked into numerous places ready to become a fuel source for fire.

“If your combine is on fire, be sure to call your fire department right away,” says Rich Schock, chief of the Kindred Fire Department. “By calling early, before the fire engulfs your combine and spreads further, we can work towards helping you protect your investment while also keeping you safe and out of harm’s way.”

The dust and chaff produced by harvest crops can be ignited by many sources. Sources include: Wore out/damaged bearings Engine components, such as the exhaust manifold and turbocharger, which produces exhaust gasses exceeding 1,000 degrees Fahrenheit Friction between plant parts rubbing together Electrical shorts or arcs Johnson urges farmers to consider the following tips for reducing the risk of combine fires while harvesting crops: Pre-operational checks. Take time to walk around the combine before the start of each day during harvest season.

Use an air compressor or leaf blower every day when the machine is off and cooled down to remove dirt, dust, chaff and other plant reside that has accumulated. Always wear hearing protection, eye protection and respiratory protection, such as an N95 mask. While blowing off residue, look in high-risk areas, such as the engine and engine compartments, hydraulic pumps and pump drives, gear boxes, batteries and cables. When cleaning, take time to look for any issues that require repair, such as leaking hydraulic hoses that can be a perfect place for chaff to stick and build up, creating an easy fuel source for a fire.

Take time to service the machine daily based on the combine’s operator manual. Grease and lubricate bearings and chains, and continue to look for areas that have excessive wear or damage.

Watch for wiring issues. Today’s combines are controlled by many sensors and electrical components that are extremely complex. Take time to glance through wiring systems to see where wires appear to be unrestrained or damaged from rubbing or making contact with moving parts.

Use an infrared thermometer. Hot bearings are a combustion source. Warm up your combine before taking it to the field and use an infrared thermometer to determine the operating temperature of your combine’s bearings. Safely open the combine’s shields, and from a safe distance, point the infrared thermometer at a bearing to read the measured temperature. If one bearing has a temperature much higher than the others, it may be worn or damaged. Plan to replace the bearing as soon as possible. Infrared thermometers are inexpensive (less than $50) and available at many hardware and farm stores. Another great time to check the temperature of the combine’s bearings is while you are waiting for the truck or grain cart.

Install an air intake kit. An air intake kit allows clean air found above the combine’s “dust cloud” to enter the combine’s air intake screen, instead of taking in the dusty, dirt-filled air produced from harvesting the crop. Take the time to consider an option that will work best for you and your combine.

CONTINUED ON PAGE C30

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 – Page C29

JOHN DEERE

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1-406-683-4281 • 1-800-683-4281 1025 Selway Drive, Dillon, MT 59725 After hours - Sales -

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Craig Johnson 406-660-1158 Alden Cashmore 406-925-0319 Josh Taylor 406-925-9449

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2016 Sitrex Pro 17 wheel rake. Stock #81533.....................$21,500 2015 Bobcat 3600 D side by side, cab with heater, hydrastatic transmission, high & low range, winch, 1500 miles, diesel. Stock #86520.............................................................................$16,000 2015 Haybuster 2660 round bale processor, hydraulic delfector chute.

Stock #87924...................................................................$20,000 2014 Haybuster 2650 round bale processor, hydraulic deflector chute.

Stock #82464...................................................................$16,500 2005 Haybuster 2650 round bale processor, hydraulic deflector chute.

Stock #83534...................................................................$14,500

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2018 Lemken Karat 9/500 16.5-ft. chisel plow. Stock #85269.$80,000 2019 Lemken Heliodor 23-ft., 3-point, 9/700.......................$61,000 2018 Lemken Rubin 12 KUA 16-5-ft. speed disk, solid packer wheel on back, mounted draw bar, hydraulic folding.................$92,000 2022 John Deere 2720 disc ripper, 5-shank.........................$80,593 2020 John Deere 2720 disc ripper, 7 shank, wing fold with baskets..................................................................... Call for Pricing 2015 Parma 25-ft. single roller packer..................................$35,000 John Deere 2310 mulch finisher, 3 section...........................$29,500

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NEW 2024 Stinger 6500, poly rails $395,000 plus freight & options (2) 2022 USED Stingers 6500, poly rails, (1) 950 hours & (1) 880 hours. $350,000 each

2004 John Deere 6715 cab, MFWD, 16 speed PowrQuad with left hand reverser, 740 loader & grapple, 2 selective control valves, 12,995 hours. Stock #82997............................................$59,000 1998 John Deere 2955 cab, MFWD, 3 selective control valves, 265 loader & grapple. Stock #87897......................................$20,000 1970 John Deere 4010 open station, PTO does not work. Stock #86448................................................................................$8200 2018 New Holland T6.170 cab, MFD, 16 speed, Dual Command transmission, 845TL loader & grapple, 888 hours. Stock #86681...........................................................................$126,000

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(2) 2022 John Deere 8R 250 cab, MFWD, IVT transmission, air seat & cab suspension and ILS, rear duals, front & rear weights. Stock #87968 & #87969. PowerGard Warranty till 8-2028 or 4000 hours....................................................................$370,000 each 2022 John Deere 6155M cab, MFWD, 20 speed PowrQuad with left hand reverser, AutoTrac Ready less receiver and display, 3 selective control valves, Panarama roof, 640R loader & grapple, (2) 450# weights each side & ballast, 313 hours. Stock #87982.

PowerGard Warranty till 10-2028 or 4000 hours.......$192,000 2022 John Deere 6155M cab, MFWD, 20 speed PowrQuad with left hand reverser, Autotrac Ready less receiver and display, 3 selective control valves, Panarama roof, 640R loader & grapple, (2) 450# weights on each side & ballast, 604 hours. Stock #87981..

PowerGard Warranty till 10-2028 or 4000 hours.......$186,000 2018 John Deere 6155M cab, MFWD, 20 speed AutoQuad, left hand reverser 640R loader & grapple, 2819 hours. Stock #84777....... .......................................................................................$145,000 (3) 2022 John Deere 5090E cab, MFWD, 24/12 transmission with left hand reverser, loader ready, air seat, 3 rear selective control valves, approximately 400 hours. Stock #88003, #88004 & #88005. PowerGard Warranty till 10-2028 or 3500 hours........ ................................................................................$73,000 each 2008 John Deere 7330 premium cab, MFWD, 20 speed AutoQuad, left hand reverser, 3 selective control valves, rear weights, 741 loader & grapple. Stock #83003......................................$86,000 2005 John Deere 6715 cab, MFWD, 16 speed PowrQuad, left hand reverser, 3 selective control valves, front tires 320/90/42, rear tires 320/90/54, 3789 hours. Stock #87936.............................$65,000

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Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page C30

COMBINE FOR SALE

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Proper maintenance can prevent combine fires CONTINUED FROM PAGE C28

Avoid combining during fire danger conditions. Avoid harvesting when it is hot and dry. Relative humidity values are low in the fall, increasing the risk of fire, especially in the late afternoon hours when temperatures rise. Limit the harvesting of soybeans that are extremely dry. Soybean moisture can get as low as 8% to 9% on a warm, dry afternoon.

Keep an eye on outdoor air temperature and wind speeds.

As hard as it is to shut down for the day when conditions are favorable for harvesting, shutting down when temperatures are hot and windy could prevent you from losing your combine to a fire. Be aware and find out if your area is in a fire danger zone by visiting: https://ndresponse.gov/burnban-restrictions-fire-danger-maps.

Carry two, fully charged fire extinguishers. Ideally, you should have two 20-pound ABC fire extinguishers on your combine, one in the cab and one on the outside of the machine near ground level. Have them ready and operational, and review with workers how to use them when needed.

Call 911 immediately to get your closest fire department on scene, as fires can escalate quickly.

Create a soil perimeter. If you choose to harvest during high wind and temperature conditions, make a tillage pass around the perimeter of your field to prevent the possibility of a fire spreading to other areas.

Strategically park harvest equipment. While harvesting a field, park your semis, trucks, pickups, tractors, grain carts, etc. in a place with minimal vegetation. Hot exhaust can be emitted from these vehicles and can start a fire in the ditch if dry grass is present. Before parking equipment and machinery in a shed or quonset for the night, let them cool down first to reduce the risk of a building fire.

“Before going out to combine, let others know your plans and field location,” Johnson says. “If you do not return when you say you will, have someone check to make sure you are OK. This also means you should carry a fully charged cellphone with you while you are combining.”

Dust and fine crop particles are a natural result of combining. Taking time to clear the chaff and dust helps to remove a potential fuel source for combine fires.

“Even though it may feel like you are slowing down your harvest progress by stopping the machine to clean off chaff and dust, it could be the difference between finishing your harvest season or watching it go up in smoke,” says Johnson. “Do the best you can each day to keep your equipment cleaned and maintained. This will protect your investment and yourself from serious injury.”

For more information on crop harvest prevention techniques, visit: ndsu.ag/fireprevention.

Soybean residue for forage

LARGE INVENTORY OF STOCK TRAILERS, CARGOS, FLATBEDS & DUMPS. IN STOCK AND AVAILABLE! (406) 628-2536 We finance monthly or annual payments

By Ben Beckman, UNL Bean fields are opening up after harvest and cows may be moving in to get them off pasture when other forage options are unavailable. Soybean residue or stubble can occasionally be baled and used in rations. Before we use it however, we need to set expectations. Is soybean residue a quality forage?

Soybeans themselves are very high in protein and fat. They are about 40% Crude Protein and about 20% fat which is why soybean residue can be perceived as great feed. With such a high fat content, too may beans can cause issues with the rumen, so any spilled piles should be cleaned up before animals are sent out to graze.

Soybean residue itself however has a much different feed composition. The empty pods and stems contain only 4 to 6% CP and the TDN is only 35 to 45%. The leaves are slightly higher in protein at 12%, but break down quickly after plants reach maturity and harvest has taken place.

These feed values will not begin to support the nutritional requirements of a dry cow even if there is some grain left in the field. So, while soybean residue can be grazed and can be used to move animals from overused pasture, supplemental feed is required.

When baled, soybean residue can be worked into a ration as a roughage source if other sources are less available. Just like grazing, baled soybean residue does not even come close to providing the feed value of corn stalk bales. Producers should also consider if removing litter from already lightly covered bean fields is worth the effort.

Soybean residue may not be the quality we often think.

Residue alone will not even meet a dry cow’s nutrient requirements, so supplementation will be need.

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page C31

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Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page C32

GRAZING SHARES FOR SALE 175 grazing shares in the Sparrow Grazing Association near Wisdom, Montana Phone (406) 949-0953

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Impact of R Stage-timed single irrigation events on soybean seed number and seed mass

By Jim Specht - Emeritus Professor of Agronomy; Jenny Rees - Extension Educator; Shawn P. Conley - Professor, University of Wisconsin

During soybean reproductive development, three stages — R1-R2 (flowering), R3-R4 (podding), and R5-R6 (seed-filling) — occur successively during July and August in the growing season. Soybean yield is ultimately a function of just two components, the harvested seed number (in terms of unit land area), and the seed mass (weight of the average harvested seed). It is known that seed number is set during the R1 to R4 stages of flowering and podding, though abortion of pods or seeds in those pods can occur in the later R stages. Conversely, seed mass (i.e., size) is set during the R5 to R6 stages of seed-filling, as the seeds undergo enlargement until the R6 stage ends at the onset of the R7 (physiological maturity) stage.

In a companion CropWatch article, readers were provided details on how to use a post-harvest protocol to conveniently measure — while in a soybean field or later — the seed mass yield component. That value, when coupled with the seed yield value, can be used to derive a value for corresponding seed number yield component.

To determine the drought-stress sensitivity of each of these two key yield components during the foregoing R stages, a replicated three-year experiment involving 14 MG 0 to IV soybean varieties was conducted, using seven treatments — each consisting of a single irrigation application, but each treatment differed with respect to the R stage coinciding with the single irrigation event. Two other treatments involved a rainfed control (i.e., no irrigation applied), plus a multiple-irrigation control (i.e., seven total irrigations were applied that had the same R-stage timing as the single irrigation treatments). The study results were reported in the two Agronomy Journal papers published by Kadhem et al. (1985a; 1985b).

In this article, we summarize the results obtained in the foregoing experiment to show the impact of R stage-timed single irrigation events that temporarily mitigated water stress during that R-stage. This permitted the study authors to measure the impact of stress mitigation on each yield component. Those experimental results are conceptually interpolated here to provide a contextual framework to help producers recognize and understand the value of using foregoing post-harvest measurement protocol to evaluate the impact of seasonal weather patterns on their rainfed soybean yields and the two yield components.

Figure 1 displays a conceptualized redrawing of the top two charts presented in Figure 3 of the Kadhem et al. (1985b) paper.

The upper panel shows the seed number data (in units of average seeds/plant), and lower panel shows the seed mass data (in units of average grams/seed) on their two respective vertical Y-axes. The horizontal X-axis in both panels displays nine bars, the first bar depicting the control (no irrigation — rainfed only), the next seven successive bars depicting the single irrigation treatments — each of which coincided with the specified Rn.n stage — and then the final bar depicting the multiple irrigation treatment that precluded all seasonal water stress.

To best comprehend what is presented in Figure 1, the reader should first focus on the seed number and seed mass response patterns generated by the blue bar single irrigation treatments. Note that a single irrigation applied during the flowering stage (first two blue bars) resulted in a substantial increase in seed number, but also generated

Figure 1. Bar charts of the response of soybean seed number (upper) and seed mass (lower) to nine irrigation treatments that included a rainfed control (red bar), seven single irrigation treatments each of which was applied at one specific soybean reproductive stage (blue bars), and a treatment involving multiple irrigations that were applied at each specified stage.

These charts are conceptually interpolated, redrawn adaptations of the Figure 3 panels a and b that were published by Kadhem et al. (1985b).

a lower seed mass relative to the control rainfed treatment. This indicated that when water stress is mitigated during flowering (but not thereafter), soybean plants will be conditioned to set more seeds, but also end up making those seeds smaller when water is not adequate thereafter.

In contrast, when a single irrigation is applied during the seed-filling stage (last three blue bars), fewer seeds are set (and/ or retained) due to prior water stress, but the mass of those fewer seeds is optimized due to the late-applied single irrigations that mitigate any coincident water stress.

What is also worthy of noting is that delaying the timing of a single irrigation event from R1 to late R6 resulted in a progressive linear decline in the number of seed set (and/ or retained), as can be seen when viewing all seven blue bars in the top seed number panel. However, in the seed mass panel, delaying the timing of the single irrigation events generated a lazy S-shaped response pattern with a breakpoint occurring between the single irrigation events coinciding with R3.5 and R4.5 (third and fourth blue bars).

This response pattern indicates that when soybean plants are in the podding stage, those plants are conditioned to enhance seed mass while still increasing seed number to some degree.

Seed yield is a biophysical function of both yield components, so not surprisingly, these R3.5- and R4.5-timed single irrigation applications generated the highest seed yields amongst all nine treatments. Indeed, this is why if you can only apply just one irrigation to your soybean field, it is recommended that it be applied during the R3-R4 podding stage.

Note that the full-season multiple irrigation treatment (green bar) resulted in a maximization of seed number, but seed mass was not increased beyond the increase achieved with single irrigation at R3.5. Thus, in the absence of any seasonal water stress, seed number (which is set before seed mass) is prioritized by stress-free plants relative to optimization.

CONTINUED ON PAGE C34

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page C33

2018 John Deere F4365 with AB485 twin bin air system, 70-ft. booms, Gen 4 Integrated Display, tarp, Lincoln lube system, LED field lights.......................................... $263,000

2018 TerraGator TG8400B floater, 1505 hours, AGCO SISU power, diesel CVT transmission, Air Max Precision 2 bed, stainless steel 70ft. boom, Raven Viper 4, electric $228,500 roll tarp............................$236,000

2017 TerraGator TG8400B dry floater, diesel engine, CVT transmission, AirMax Precision dry air flow system, 70-ft. stainless steel boom, single product, electric roll over tarp, Viper 4, autosteer, 3245 hours.............................. $154,000

2014 TerraGator TG8400 Airmax Precision 2, 70-ft. boom, granular bins, Viper Pro, autosteer, 3500 hours.............................. $123,500

2009 TerraGator 8203 floater, Air Max Precision, 70-ft. stainless steel boom, electric roll tarp, Ravin Viper Pro controller, Smart Trax auto steer, 3948 hours......... . ....................................... $79,000

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2015 Case IH Titan 4530 Dry Floater, Flex-Air 810 - VRT dry flow system, 70-ft. boom, Raven Viper Pro, 2922 hours... $148,000

2012 John Deere 4940 sprayer, 1200 gallon stainless steel liquid system, 120-ft. boom, stainless steel chemical inductor, Vogelsang A17387 front fill, 710/70R42 flotation tires, 4421 hours........................................................................$119,000 2012 Vector 300, Cummins, Allison automatic, New Leader L4000 G4 spreader box, twin spinner, all hydraulic, stainless steel insert, Raven Viper Pro monitor, 4561 hours. Free delivery................................................$92,000

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1967 Fruehauf 8500 gallon lead and 5700 gallon 1969 Beall fuel trailer.............................. $34,000

2014 Case IH Titan floater, diesel engine, Allison transmission, New Leader L4000 G4, 14-ft. stainless steel dry spreader box, twin spinner, all hydraulic, New Leader stainless steel insert, Ag Leader monitor, 4253 hours....... $124,500

2016 Case IH Titan 3540 3 wheel floater, 810 air delivery box, deluxe cab, red leather seat, 6 speed Allison automatic transmission, 8.7L Case IH FLP engine, 1512 hours, 1050/50 R32 front and rear tires, Raven Viper 4, Agri-Cover roll tarp.......................... $167,000

2017 John Deere F4365 Hi-Capacity Nutrient Applicator, 3435 hours, John Deere 9.0L diesel engine, IVT transmission, AutoTrac guidance, Starfire 6000 receiver, DN495 MultiApplier.......... ..................................... $224,000

2016 RoGator RG1100B, AGCO 8.4L diesel hydrostatic, New Leader L4258 G4 MultApplier – 5’ insert, dual spinners, 710/70R38 flotation tires, adjustable axles, Raven GPS, Viper 4, 2200 hours.. ...................................... $147,000

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2005 International 8600 tender truck, Cummins engine, 10 speed transmission, air lift tag axle, Willmar 1600 hydraulic stainless steel dry tender box, side shooter discharge auger, box extensions, extra long side auger, electric roll tarp, 452,074 miles......... $56,000

2016 Timpte Super tender trailer, 40-ft. aluminum trailer, hopper bottom, rear hydraulic discharge conveyor, under hopper conveyor, outer controls, electric roll over tarp, tandem axle, air ride suspension.................................. $72,000

2004 Peterbilt floater sprayer truck, 76-ft. boom, 20” nozzle spacing, Raven Envizio Pro control valves, 4368 hours... $73,000

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Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page C34

PICKUP WITH BALE BED FOR SALE

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Coach John Stiegelmeier was the opening speaker at Montana Equipment Dealers Association annual conference held in Whitefish, Montana, October 4-5.

Impact of R Stage-timed single irrigation events on soybean seed number and seed mass CONTINUED FROM PAGE C32

Note that the experimental results described here were obtained in a study conducted 40 years ago using just the thenavailable publicly developed soybean varieties. Currently available proprietary and public varieties possess much greater yield potential, and if used in a study like this one, could respond differently (or similarly). In the meantime, the older study still provides a useful baseline perspective for readers until newer experiments are conducted.

View our FULL inventory at www.FrontlineAgSolutions.com

Now is the best time to upgrade your equipment. Don’t wait until you’re in the thick of the busy season to realize that your equipment isn’t going to get the job done! Call or stop in today!

COMBINES

Did your harvest not go as planned with unexpected break downs & expensive service bills? We still have several affordable units to choose from.

#85156

#84935 2022 John Deere X9 1100 with Signature Edition-Ultimate cab package, Active Yield with moisture sensor, ProDrive XL transmission Dyna Flo cleaning shoe, regular wear grain handling, 31-ft. folding unloading auger, extra fine chopper, 750/65R26 rear tires, 1100/50R42 front tires, axle spacers. Stock #84935.......... ........................................... $775,000 (1) 2021 John Deere S780 with premium cab, Moisture Yield sensor, Combine Advisor, Pro Drive transmission with Harvest Smart, regular wear grain handling package, fine cut chopper, 520/85R42 front tires with duals, 750/65R26 rear tires, side hill performance package, guidance, power folding GT covers, 28.5-ft. unloading auger, PowerCast tailboard. Stock #86522... $520,000 (12) 2017 John Deere S680 with premium cab with leather, LED lights, AutoTrac Harvest Monitor, GS 2630 monitor, ProDrive with HarvestSmart, TriStream rotor, regular wear grain handling, power folding GT covers, fine cut chopper with PowerCast, axle spacers, large tires.

Stock #86863.................... $275,000 (1) 2012 John Deere S670 with ProDrive, HD hi-torque fixed speed drive, TriStream rotor, 26-ft. unload auger, Advanced PowerCast tailboard, fine cut chopper, power fold grain tank cover. Stock #86871.............................. $122,000 (1)

2021 John Deere S780 with Contour Master with fore & aft, premium cab with cloth seat, LED lights with extremity, Combine Advisor, Active Yield, 4600 display (no extended monitor), no receiver, TriStream rotor, power folding grain tank, 28.5 unloading auger, 580/85R42 duals, 750/65R26 rear, fine cut advanced PowerCast tailboard, grain tank mirror, side hill performance kit. Stock #85156............. $505,000 (14) 2020 John Deere S780 with premium cab, LED lights and extremity lights, SF6000, Combine Advisor, Active Yield and moisture sensor, Pro Drive with Harvest Smart, TriStream rotor with extended wear package, power folding grain tank covers, 28.5-ft unloading auger, fine cut chopper, PowerCast tailboard. Stock #84957.............................. $445,000 (1) 2020 John Deere S780 with no receiver, Contour Master with fore & aft, Combine Advisor, Active Yield, 580/85R42 duals, 750/65R26, TriStream rotor, Advanced PowerCast tailboard, power folding tank covers, 4600 display with AutoTrac activation, small grain windboard in shoe, standard light with extremity, 28.5-ft. unloading auger. Stock #86657.................. ......................................... $417,500 (14)

#87241

2019 John Deere S780 with premium cab with leather, LED lights, guidance, Combine Advisor, Active Yield, Pro Drive transmission with Harvest Smart, TriStream rotor, power folding covers, 28.5 ft. unloading auger, fine cut chop- 2012 John Deere S680 with premium cab, per, 520/85R42 tires with duals, side hill standard lighting and header extremity performance package. Stock #85868..... lights, Auto Trac ready with havest moni......................................... $410,000 (12) tor, Green Star 3 2630 display (mounted 2019 John Deere S780 with premium on armrest) Pro Drive transmission with cab, Combine Advisor, Active Yield, Pro Harvest Smart feed rate. Stock #87241.

Drive transmission with Harvest Smart, $130,000 (12) TriStream rotor with extended wear 2013 John Deere S680 with ProDrive package, power folding GT covers, 28.5 transmission, HD hi torque fixed speed ft. unloading auger, fine cut chopper drive, TriStream rotor, 26-ft. unload auwith Advanced PowerCast tailboard, ger, Advanced PowerCast tailboard, 12 inch axle extensions, side hill perfine cut chopper, premium cab and raformance package, large single tires. dio, HID lights. Stock #86872.................

Stock #84959.................... $399,000 (1) ........................................... $147,000 (2) 2005 John Deere 9660 STS small grain combine, singles, chopper, Yield Moni- 2004 John Deere 9660 STS with Harvest Yield monitor, spreader, fine cut choptor, FH level land, fixed speed feeder per, chaff spreader, 800/65R-32 front house, no CM, Harvest Smart header tires, 18.4-26 rear tires, 300 bu. GT ext., control, Touch Set unloading system, axle spacers. Stock #86841................... high capacity. Stock #83544.................. ........................................... $52,000 (12) .......................................... $55,000 (12) 2012 Case IH 8230 with heavy lateral tilt feederhouse, in-cab spread control, luxiury cab, hydraulic grain tank covers, hydraulic grain tank extensions, Hi-cap unload for 40-ft. header, NavII controller and 372 receiver. Stock #87003.......................... $120,000 (3)

1=Conrad: 888-397-6851 2=Cut Bank: 888-673-9310 3=Choteau: 888-728-9254 4=Dillon: 888-213-2793

11=Lewistown: 800-823-3373 12=Havre: 800-621-5701 13=Chester: 406-759-5010

14=Great Falls: 888-760-2005 15=Belgrade: 866-282-3337 16=Livingston: 800-824-3932

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 — Page C35

View our FULL inventory at www.FrontlineAgSolutions.com

Now is the best time to upgrade your equipment. Don’t wait until you’re in the thick of the busy season to realize that your equipment isn’t going to get the job done! Call or stop in today!

4WD, ROW CROP AND UTILITY TRACTORS

Fall planting and winter feeding time is close by - Check out our selection of good used tractors for your farming and ranching needs this coming fall!

2015 John Deere 8370RT with IVT 42 2022 John Deere 6155M PowerQuad 2022 John Deere 9RX640 with 36” CamPlus 20F/20R transmission, AutoTrak KPH, 2630 GS3 display and 10” SDUA so track, E18 transmission, Ultimate ready, standard cab with RH console, 3 SF2 receiver, Gen 4 Act 4600 proc, precomfort cab, Air Seat Plus suspension, SCVs, 540/1000 PTO, 480/80R42 sinmium CommandView III cab, premium Active Command steering, 110 GPM gle rear tires, 420/85R28 front tires, rear radio-XM Satellite, LHR, 85CC hydraudual hydraulic pump, 6 SCVS, 1000 fender extensions, cold start package, lic pump (60 GPM), five Rem cyl (1 hi PTO, polyurethane mid rollers, fixed loader ready with JD640R loader-buckCat 4) 3-point and drawbar, Dura 6500, 87” track spacing, tow cable, Intelligent et and grapple. Stock #86191................

25” tracks, 88” spacing, Premium LED power mgmt, hydraulic trailer brake, 20 ........................................... $188,000 (4) light package, leather trim, dual beam front weights with bracket, extended radar sensor, refrigerator, cold weath- 2022 John Deere 6155R with 20 speed warranty until Dec 2025/1500 hours. #86945 AutoQuad transmission, 640R loader er package, 110V, auxilary hydraulic Stock #88081.................... $735,000 (1) with grapple, front suspension, Autoconnect 3/4”, weight package. Stock 2022 John Deere 9RX540 track tractor 2022 John Deere 8R310 with IVT transTrac ready, 4200 processor with Auto#87644............................ $247,500 (15) with E18 transmission, includes 6000 mission, RH reverser, less receiver, air Trac activation, no receiver, premium receiver (SF1), 4600 with premium 3.0 seat with cab suspension, 84 GPM hy- 2022 John Deere 6195M with 20/20 Comcab with suspension, 3 rear electric mandQuad Plus, TLS, standard cab with activation, cab suspension, Ultimate draulic pump, 13/4 1000 PTO, 6 SCVs, SCVs, 480/80R42 rear tires with fendCommand arm, standard seat, 155 L/ cab, Ultimate lighting, PTO, 5 rear re380/90R54 with duals, 380/80R38 front er extensions, 420/85R28 front tires min hydraulic pump, 4 SCVs, 540/1000 motes with 55 GPM pump, 30” tracks on tires with duals, 22 front weights, rear with turnable feeders, 1800# rear wheel PTO, 3-point hitch, front 540/65R28 87” spacing, Cat 5 drawbar, greaseable weights. Stock #86945.... $405,000 (15) weights, 540/540E/1000 pto, Cold Start tires, rear 650/65R38 tires, cold start steering cylinder, 1/2” PowerBeyond.

II fuel heater, heated rear window Panpackage, auto difflock, 680R loader with Stock #87939.................. $660,000 (14) orama roof with premium light package. bucket and grapple. Stock #87377.........

2000 John Deere 9100 4WD, Synchro Stock #86174.................. $227,500 (14) ........................................... $225,000 (1) transmission, 9738 hours, 520/85R38 2015 John Deere 6195R with IVT trans- 2022 John Deere 6R 155 tractor with 640R tires, 30% tread (1 inside tire leaking loader, bucket, grapple, suspension mission, MFWD, 3 SCVs, 540/1000 air) 4 SCVs, Case drain, ITC receiver lights, IVT transmission, TLS, premiPTO, quick hitch, 6 front weights, with extend, 1800 display with Autoum cab, cab suspension, 4600 display 480/80R46, 420/90R30, cold weather Trac, ATU 200 included. No implement with AutoTrac activation (no receiver), 4 package. Stock #88033... $107,500 (16) harness. Stock #86808.......$50,000 (11) SCVs, 480/80R42 rear tires, Firestone, 2022 John Deere 6215R with IVT (40K), 1995 John Deere 8570 4WD tractor, Syn420/85R28 front tires, Firestone, 2 450 680R loader with grapple, premium chro transmission with 2 speed Powr- #87612 lb. wheel weights per side on rear axle, cab with cab suspension, premium Shift, PTO, 3 SCVs, PowerBeyond, 2022 John Deere 8RT370 track tractor Comprehensive Powergard until 11-2seat, wide angle mirrors, Panorama case drain, 18.4R42 duals, GreenStar with 16-ft. track spacing with 16.5” 6500 2027 or 3000 hours. Stock #87598........ glass roof with lights, 3 rear E-SCVs, ready harness with ATU200 and ISO series belts, poly mid rollers, 6000 re..........................................$249,000 (11) 540E/1000/1000E PTO, 620/70R42 plug. Stock #88042............ $49,500 (14) ceiver with RTK activation (no radio), rear with rear fender extension, (1800 2022 John Deere 6145R with 640R with 2022 John Deere 8R250 with 40K IVT 4600 display with automation 3.0, Siggrapple and loader, lights, 20 speed lbs. rear weights), 480/70R30 front with transmission, guidance ready, air seat nature edition, Ultimate cab, Ultimate AutoQuad transmission, MFWD, no turntable fenders, 4200 display with Auwith cab suspension, 60 GPM hydraulighting, 40K IVT with RHR, IPM, 6 suspension, premium cab with suspentoTrac activation, heated rear window, lic pump, 5 SCVs, 540/1000 shiftable remotes with high flow pump, 22 front sion, premium seat and radio, heated cold start with fuel heating, fuel tank PTO, Cat 3, 3-pt hitch, 480/80R50 rear weights, 12 side mount weights, radar, rear window, fuel heater, Cold Start II, bottom guard. Stock #87952.................. tires with duals, 480/70R34 front tires 1/2” PowerBeyond, 20,000 lb. 3-point fuel tank bottom guard, no receiver, ........................................... $275,000 (1) 22 front weights, rear weights. Stock hitch, Cat 4 swinging drawbar. Stock 2018 John Deere 6155M 20 speed Au4200 Display, 3 E-SCV with 450 cou#87969.............................. $370,000 (4) #87612............................ $505,000 (15) plers, premium lighting with glass roof, toQuad transmission, AutoTrac ready, 480/80R42 rear tires with rear fender standard cab, 114 L/Min hydraulic pump, extension, 420/85R28 front tire with 540/1000 PTO, 3 SCVs, 480/80R42 turnable fender, 1800 lbs. of rear wheel rear tires, 420/85R28 front tires, Cold weight. Stock #85036...... $205,000 (14) Start package, JD 640R loader with bucket and grapple with 3 function con- 2018 John Deere 7230R with IVT (40K) with RH reverser, 4600 display with pretrol. Stock #84777............. $145,000 (4) mium activation, no receiver, no extended monitor, premium CommandView III with cab, suspension, RH & LH electric adjust mirrors, premium lights, 59 gpm Winter is just around the corner. Check out our selection of good used round and square bale feeders and movers. pump with 5 rear remotes, 1300 fixed front axle, 24 front weights, IPM, dual 380/90R50 on 36” centers, 380/85R34.

Stock #85161.................. $205,000 (15) 2022 John Deere 5090E 90 hp utility tractir with 24/12 Power Reverser transmission, standard cab with air suspension seat, corner post exhaust, 3 rear SCVs, 2 mid SCVs, MFWD, 18.4R30 rear tires, 12.4R24 front tires, PTO, 3 point hitch, loader ready. Stock #88005.....$73,000 (4) 2022 John Deere 5075E with dual mid #85863 valves, joystick control, mechanical front wheel drive (MFWD), 9.5-24 in. 6PR R1 2020 Jiffy 928 bale feeder, like new bale #84933 bias front tires, loader prep package feeder, RH discharge, 16.1 tires, 1000 #82248 with JD loader and bucket, standard PTO. Stock #85863........... $23,000 (15) 2012 Haybuster 2800 bale processor, cab, 16.9-28 in. 6PR R1 bias rear tires, 2016 Bale King 8100 processes large round and large square bale capable, 12F/12R Power Reverser transmission, round or square bales. One in the RH delivery. Stock #84933.....................

540 PTO. Stock #88036.... $62,000 (15) www.frontlineagsolutions.com chamber and one on the loading forks, ........................................... $18,500 (16) 1000 RPM PTO, RH discharge, dual 2015 Haybuster 2660 2 bale procesroller feed system, hydraulic deflector, sor, flotation tires, LH discharge. Stock adjustable slug bars. Stock #82248....... #87924................................ $20.000 (4) ........................................... $21,500 (16) 2015 Haybuster 2660 2 round bale model, 1000 RPM PTO, RH discharge, Hy Shield. Stock #88180........ $20,000 (16) out 2014 Haybuster 2650 with hydraulic deCheck tory n e flector and RH delivery. Stock #82464... our inv feeders le a b ............................................. $16,500 (4) of new ch store.

2005 Haybuster 2650 bale processor with at ea RH delivery and flotation tires. Stock #84050................................ $14,500 (4) 2005 Haybuster 2650 2 bale processor, RH discharge, hydraulic deflector, 1000 PTO, new chain in gear box 2021. Stock #83534................................ $14,500 (4)

Many more 6M and 6R used loader tractors in stock!

BALE FEEDERS

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2012 Bale King 5100 bale processor with RH discharge, hydraulic deflector, 1000 PTO, round bales only. Stock #87387.... ............................................$11,000 (11)

2020 Highline CFR651-200 with fine cut option, scale kit, road lights, large tires, 3rd remote, top deflector, rear deflector.

Stock #87614.................... $25,500 (12) 1997 Stinger 1402 non-stacking bale picker will pick round or square bales, has newer transmission C series 8.3 Cummins engine, runs well. Stock #84198.... ........................................... $58,000 (14)

1=Conrad: 877-278-5531 2=Cut Bank: 800-273-5530 3=Choteau: 866-466-5741 4=Dillon: 888-213-2793

www.frontlineagsolutions.com

11=Lewistown: 800-823-3373 12=Havre: 800-621-5701 13=Chester: 406-759-5010

14=Great Falls: 888-760-2005 15=Belgrade: 866-282-3337 16=Livingston: 800-824-3932

Trader’s Dispatch, November 2023 – Page C36

• BUY • SELL • RENT

Billings, Montana Big Timber, Montana

Greg 406-690-2754 Jim 406-690-0737 For Help With All Your Equipment Needs!

1998 Kubota B1750 Tractor

2007 Case MXM Pro 155 Tractor

Hours 5684.................................................................$49,900

Hours 778, with 48” box blade with 60” blade, 64” snowblower, 52” mower and 48” loader..........................................$12,900

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Therm Dynamics TD500 D & TD1200 DR SOLDR

Flameless heaters............................................................ POR

2017 Cat 302.7 Excavator

Deere 60G Excavator

open ROPS, 2400 hours............................................$29,900

1147 hours, heat, air conditioning, thumb, angle blade, excellent condition..............................................................$70,000

2018 General MTL6S

Light tower generator, good tires, 1600 hours. Works as it should.............................................................................$7800

2004 Ford E450 Van

14 person & 1 driver seat, 136,605 miles. V10 engine, kick butt sound system............................................................$8900

2013 Genie Telehandler

Open ROPS, 3670 hours. Very nice machine............$68,500

2017 Laymor SM300 Broom

281 hours, clean, work ready.....................................$15,900

2006 JCB 508C Telehandler

2215 hours. Nice machine..........................................$55,000

1999 Genie 2646 Scissor Lift

Hours 2985. Fresh paint................................................ $7500

2013 Sky Trac 8042 Telehandler

Has 45 degree hydraulic fork tilt, 5220 hours.............$66,600

Dutchman Tree Spade

skidsteer attachment, like new....................................$10,000

The Place to Go for Attachments!

Give Us a Call about our

LINE OF SKIDSTEER ATTACHMENTS

PJ Dovetail Trailer

Hydraulic 5th wheel dovetail trailer, 26-ft. bed, 10-ft. tail. Great condition.....................................................................$25,000

Additional photos & information at www.affordableconstructionequipment.com