Machine // Design Thinking Work of Trent McGugin

CONTENTS PREMISE

Statement

05 The Machine

CONCEPT

06

The City

25 Zone of Interest

SITE

39

Site Selection

44

Analysis

61

PROGRAM

Programmatic Investigations

78 Project Proposal

88 114

References

SOURCES

Typological Studies

PRECEDENTS

98

THE CITY IS A MACHINE. The city of Saint Louis operates as a machine, an assemblage of parts that when working together create the city as we know it. No part of the machine is independent or self-sufficing -- each relies on the others to operate to its potential.

Occasionally the machine breaks. One or more of the smaller mechanisms operating within the citymachine loses functionality or becomes inefficient. A chain reaction occurs, and other intersecting mechanisms, dependent on each other to function properly, begin to lose the ability to serve the city and its people. There are inputs, but the machine cannot transform them into useful outputs.

We must view these failures not as detriments to the city, but as opportunities. Architecture is the tool that allows us to begin finding solutions for what has gone wrong. With architecture, we can discover new ways to utilize the pieces of what was thought to be broken. Architecture becomes the interface between differing mechanisms, the place in which they intersect and negotiate with one another. It is the beginning of once again finding the potential in the machine.

statement 5

7

Machine • an assemblage of parts, each with a definite function and together performing a task left: a machine takes an input (or series of inputs) and, by way of a set of systems /processes, transforms it.

MACHINE input

input

transformation occurs

input

output

concept | the machine 9

Mechanism (philosophy) • the belief that wholes are essentially complicated machines, composed of specialized parts lacking any intrinsic relationship to each other.

mechanism invloves thinking of things, e.g. systems, animals, buildings not as whole entities, but as the combination of the parts and any outside influence acting upon them.

left: the whole form of the square machine is not actually whole at all. a series of unrelated individual pieces come together to create the recognizable form. mechanism suggests that we must recognize the square as an assemblage of specialized parts, taken apart they do not perform the same task that they can perform together.

REALITY OF MACHINE

PERCEPTION OF MACHINE

=

+ + +

concept | the machine 11

INPUT

INPUT

time

BANDS

transformation occurs

NAILS

VERTICAL BACKBOARD

OUTPUT

OUTPUT

Visualizing The Machine

NAILS

BANDS

BACKBOARD

The game of Plinko can help us to visualize a simple machine.

In this example, the machine has three distinct parts.

Here, the input is represented by a ball, which we drop into the machine. Each part of the machine plays a specialized role in the transformation of the input. The transformation of the input can be visualized as the overall path that the ball takes as it descends through the Plinko board.

concept | the machine 13

concept | the machine 15

bands unaltered

bands randomly lowered

Can Machines Adapt?

The concept of mechanism infers that each component of the machine has a particular function, and that each acts individually. In the Plinko machine, the bands serve the purpose of keeping the ball on the board when it’s oriented vertically. But what happens when each band’s function is adapted to be able to move independently?

The bands become capable of exerting an effect on the path of the input.

concept | the machine 17

randomly lowered bands cause the input to fall out of the machine

randomly lowered bands keep the input from falling out of the machine

Perception of the Machine Mechanism refers to the reality of the machine, which is that it is actually composed of many parts. However, our perception is that the machine is a whole.

Parts of the machine can be altered without us perceiving the change. The lowering of the bands marked in red has an effect on the path of the ball, but from our point of view we cannot tell that these bands have been lowered. This means that we are able to manipulate smaller pieces within the machine to have an effect on the larger machine without altering its overall function.

The moving bands can have an effect on the path of the ball even though we may not perceive their movement.

concept | the machine 19

Sequential Logic • a type of logic circuit whose output depends not only on the present value of its input signals but on the past history of its inputs.

left: each circle represents a possible point in the sequence. with each move, the sequence can only continue to those points directly surrounding the present circle. as such, the sequence is dependent on both the direction of the input signal and whichever points came before it in the sequence

concept | the machine 21

Sequence in the Machine The input is not transformed instantaneously. A measure of time is present between each event in the sequence (each impact with a nail or band). We can infer where the ball might go next, but it is impossible to know each time. The most important factor that determines the sequence the ball can take in the future is the history of its previous path.

The path of the ball at each event is dependent on two things: any external inputs (in this case gravity) and the history of all of the events leading up to that event.

concept | the machine 23

“No one of the mechanical processes...is independent. Each draws upon and presupposes the proper working of many other processes. None is self sufficing. Each follows some and precedes others...in an endless sequence, into which each fits and to the requirements of which each must adapt its own works. The whole concert of operations is to be taken as a machine process, made up of interlocking detail processes, rather than as a multiplicity of [machines] each doing its particular work in severalty.�

-Thorstein Veblen

THE CITY IS A MACHINE. We can understand Saint Louis as a complex machine. There are three major machines at work here, within which many smaller mechanisms operate:

NATURAL MACHINES

BUILT MACHINES

=+

+ + +

INTANGIBLE MACHINES

+ =

+ + +

==

THE CITY

+ + +

=

concept | the city 25

BUILT nails represent the built machine. they are influenced by mankind. their effects on the city are generally predictable

INTANGIBLE

CITY

bands represent the intangible machines. they are influenced by mankind + nature. their influence on the city cannot always be predicted

the input and output of the machine represent the city. the path of the ball represents the city through time as it is affected by the three other machines. the output is a snapshot of the city at any given point in time.

NATURAL the backboard represents the natural machines. they are the armature into which everything else is inserted

The City - Machine How can we understand the Plinko machine as a model for the city?

The differing parts of the Plinko machine represent the differing machines at work in the city.

concept | the city 27

Machines ... are still machines in their smallest parts ad infinitum.

- Gottfried Willhelm Leibniz

What are some of the smaller machines operating within Saint Louis?

concept | the city 29

p o li t i c s

d lan

ho u

scape

sing

The Smaller Machines of the City

bu

weather

i ld i n g s

social

onomy ec

terway s eenspace gr

wa rail ys

asters

wa

dways roa

dis

The mechanisms of the city intersect and interact with one another.

NATURAL

INTANGIBLE

BUILT

There are three categories of mechanisms at work: BUILT - these are the synthetic systems operating in the city that are the result of human action NATURAL - includes all of the mechanisms that are part of the physical world of nature INTANGIBLE - factors that we cannot see, touch, or predict but have major impact on the path of the city and the functioning of the machine.

concept | the city 31

Architecture as Filter

ARCHITECTURE

disassociated city form

Architecture is the filter through which the mechanisms are arranged into the recognizable city.

Through architecture we begin to arrange the diassociated and unrelated mechanism of the city, some larger than others, into an ordered machine in which all parts are interdependent.

Architecture transforms seperate roadways into an intersecting and overlapping system of efficiency by building up overpasses and cutting into the land. It places a residence near a greenspace so that the greenspace can be appreciated and improve the residence.

Without architecture, a park is just a natural space. Architecture is taking what is most valuable from each mechanism and finding a way to combine it with other mechanisms to improve the city-machine.

How has architecture physically manifested the machine in Saint Louis?

recognizable city form concept | the city 33

1870 1860 1850 1840 1830 1820 1810 1800 1790 1780

0

00

0,

28

60

,8

77

8

population

18 1,

1770

eads bridge opens

ďŹ rst streetcar operational

railroad construction begins

steamboats arrive

choteau’s pond opens

1760

The Machine Through Time

2000 1990 1980 1970 1960 1950 1940 1930 1920 1910 1900

5

68

6,

39

1890

6

23

2,

62

6

79 6,

85

0 96 1, 82

9 02 7, 68

1880

metrolink operational

busch stadium opens

archgrounds open

hwy 40 construction begins

world’s fair in forest park

0 77 1, 45

concept | the city 35

BUILT MACHINES

A R C H I T E C T U R E

NATURAL MACHINES

Architecture operates at the intersection of mechanisms within the city.

We find architecture where there are overlapping mechanisms.

Architecture strives to disintegrate the boundary between one mechanism and another and create a symbiotic system in which each part is supporting and improving the other. It negotiates between the natural and built environments by finding where the mechanisms overlap and optimizing each so that they work together to achieve a higher efficiency in the overall citymachine.

At what site in Saint Louis can architecture be applied to help negotiate the machine intersection?

concept | the city 37

39

AREA OF INTEREST

N

The zone of interest lies at the boundary between Maplewood and Webster Groves along Deer Creek and Hanley Road.

site | zone of interest 41

This region of Saint Louis is heavily marked by the intersection of many infrastructural machines, creating numerous bounded zones. Commercial and industrial development along the infrastructural components push outwards into residential zones on all sides

railroad

roadway

waterway

42 site | zone of interest

N

Scaling Down

The site research will be focused on a portion of the zone

site | site selection 45

missouri pacific railroad

deer creek sunnen business park

sunnen metrolink

hanley road

big bend rd

retail shopping webster park

deer creek park industrial park N

maplewood A variety of mechanisms are functioning in this zone of the city.

I-44

The defined study zone is bound by the infrastructural elements of Hanley Road, Big Bend Boulevard, the Missouri Pacific Railroad and the Metrolink Blue line as well as Deer Creek. The land use is characterized by a vein of industrial programs whose edges are defined by medium density housing development in Maplewood and Webster Groves Amenities include the public-use Deer Creek park and the Deer Creek Trail, which follows the creek. A strip mall houses a number of discount stores. The majority of the land is owned by the Sunnen Corporation, who operates facilities for the manufacture of steel-cutting machinery. The Sunnen Business Park at the center of the map holds many businesses, and is serviced by the underutilized Sunnen Metrolink Station.

site | site selection 47

Intersecting Mechanisms

The site is chosen because it portrays a small portion of the city-machine in which the machine is not functioning to its potential. The intersecting machines intersect but do not interact. They have created strong boundaries between zones. Perhaps most importantly, the site is severely lacking development that

utilizes the potential of its bounding modes of transit.

+

+

black creek

big ben d road

ek

deer cre

metrolink blue line

ad

ro ley

han

=

site

d

c

ifi

i-

ur

o iss

c pa

oa ilr ra

m

N

deer c

reek

The site is located in a zone characterised by the intersection of a number of infrastructural mechanisms at the edge of Maplewood.

site | site selection 49

Context | Use and Typology

The site is set within a band of industrial and light manufacturing that follow the creek and the railroads. Most of the surroundings lack a cohesive aesthetic and conceal uses with regular, nondescript facades. The Deer Creek Center is a recently redeveloped retail center that is seperated from the south end of the site by the Missouri-Pacific rail and is a common destination for those arriving at the Sunnen Metrolink station.

sunnen business park typology: nondescript

deer creek center typology: strip retail

elevated metrolink typology: infrastructural

N

dining single family residential multi-family residential commercial industrial dining

site | site selection 51

Sequential Logic and Site Over the last twenty years, this area has seen a number of changes at different scales. In the early 90’s a large steel mill bordered by the Union Pacific Railroad was demolished and replaced with the Sunnen Business Park. Sunnen purchased the surrounding land and slowly added buildings to its park, including a metrolink station in 2004. By 2012, the residential zone west of the business park was completely demolished.

metrolink construction underway

2004

further office building development

2002

new office building completed

1996

52 site | site selection

1990

earliest available imagery

2012 MOST RECENT IMAGERY residential zone demolished to make way for new development

2007

metrolink rail completed, including raised section

N

53

Sequence and Failure in the Machine

PRIOR TO 2012

SUNNEN METROLINK

For many years the site was characterized by medium density housing nestled between industrial buildings.

In 2006, the Metrolink was constructed through the site and the Sunnen Metrolink Station was placed along it. The Station served both residents commuting from their homes and workers arriving at the Sunnen Business Park.

CURRENT STATE In 2012, an intangible mechanism influenced the site and the owner demolished everything between the metrolink and Hanley Road and creating a specific failure in the machine operating at this site. To take its place, a Mini dealership and parking lot are planned for the site. The site now lacks any catalyst for the density necessary to promote Transit Oriented Development.

site | site selection 55

SITE | Defining the Boundaries of the Intervention The concept of mechanism helps us understand that the site is a smaller machine operating within the boundaries of the larger city-machine. At every level, a machine is composed of yet smaller machines. The project will function as one of these smaller machines within the site, occupying the southernmost portion of the site.

This defines the zone of intervention for the project. This specific site is bounded on three sides by three different infrastructural mechanisms and is adjacent to the Metrolink station. It acts as a buffer between each mechanism and between those mechanisms and the surrounding context.

What programs will work as a component of the machine?

56 site | site selection

The Metrolink Blue Line forms the eastern boundary of the site. Hanley Road bounds the west while the Missouri Pacific Railroad creates the southern edge. As the site expands north, the small Sunnen Drive marks the boundary.

625’

’

650

370,000 sf 8.5 acres 640’

460

’

N

N

How will people arrive at the site?

LKING WA

the site is walkable distance from many surrounding residential zones

BICYCLE

biking is gaining popularity in this zone, with biking lanes on many roads

ME TROLINK

the sunnen metrolink stop is located at the edge of the site

VEHICLE

bordering the site is hanley road, a well-used vehicular artery

site | analysis 59

Methods of Approach

13

m

in

to

to

27

in

ty

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to

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n

in

l ro et

m

io un

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m

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m

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m

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06

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un

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on gt

in

in

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h as

20

w

10

to

12

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to

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13

12

15

ch

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10

m

03

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to

sb

w re

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r te n ce y nt ou g t c sin es s w cro to d in oo m rkw 15 ki to in

k

lin ro et

01 mile 20 minutes

07

m

in

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m

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tp

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to

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17

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0.5 miles 10 minutes

13

on pt am il rth tra no es to er in sp m de 20 er y riv ur to sb in ew m shr 16 to in m

ty

site | analysis 61

Approach | Hanley Road

16 seconds

13 seconds

reveal

19seconds

The southern boundary of the the railroad first obscures, then frames, and finally reveals the site to travellers headed north on Hanley Rd. The site is elevated from the level of the road, drawing the eye upwards as one passes through the threshold of the railroad overpass. The focus of the approacher is forward and on the road, lowering the total amount of time that the site is exposed.

02 seconds

16

13

10

EXPOSURE ZONE 17 seconds

05

02 00

vehicle 30 mph average N

frame

19

00seconds obscure

05 seconds obscure

10 seconds

site | analysis 63

Approach | Hanley Road

As one approaches from the north heading south, the site is exposed

from a distance but it partially obscured by the slope of the land.

A strong horizon is set by the railroad at the southern boundary.

A stoplight at the point of access to the site offers an opportunity for views to wander or focus on the site. Though the view initially expands upwards, it is brought down and focused on the overpass as the traveller descends the hill.

06econds partial exposure

03seconds partial exposure

hidden

00seconds

11seconds

14seconds

18seconds

full reveal

08 seconds

03

06

08

11

EXPOSURE ZONE 15 seconds

14

18

N

00

vehicle 30 mph average

site | analysis 65

Approach | Metrolink

When approaching from the south on the metrolink, visitors gain an oblique and elevated view of the site before the train turns and passengers are exposed to a broad view of the entire site. This approach is the most dramatic and allows views of the whole

reveal

site as the train passes. When riding the metro, passengers have no responisibility to drive and are free to look over the site as they please.

The metrolink station is at the northeast corner of the site of study.

34seconds

22 seconds

17seconds

34

22

17

12

09

05

00

12 seconds

oblique

elevated

N

EXPOSURE ZONE 17 seconds

metrolink varying speed

09seconds

05seconds

0seconds site | analysis 67

Approach | On Foot

The slowest approach to the site occurs on foot. The corridor of Laclede Station Road frames the site from a distance. As one approaches the metrolink stop, the view is expanded but obstructed by metrolink structures and mechanical equipment. As one passes through the Sunnen metrolink stop, their attention is focused

00seconds

08 seconds

obstruct

expand

frame

towards the site before an expansive view confronts them.

25seconds

08

25

35

42

60

75

35seconds

N

focus

obstruct

EXPOSURE ZONE 67 seconds

42seconds

reveal

00

walking about 2 mph

60seconds

75seconds site | analysis 69

Bounded Space | Topography

sporadic, loud noise from train passage

low, general background noise

low, general background noise

A N

SUNNEN DRIVE

MOPAC RAILROAD

S

moderate, sporadic noise of metrolink

low, general background noise

constant noise from roadway

B E

HANLEY ROAD

METROLINK

W

A

B B

A

N

site | analysis 71

Photographic Mapping

N

73

The flow of people on the site occurs through a parking lot. There is no path connecting the metrolink and residential zones beyond to the surrounding amenities, discouraging the use of the metro station.

The project will address this, providing a path and becoming both a destination and pedestrian thoroughfare for those utilizing public transportation.

flow of goods - vehicle

flow of goods - rail

flow of people - vehicle or rail

Currently, the flows of both people and goods occur at the boundaries of the site along the rail lines and roadways. The only existing flow across the site occurs between the metrolink station at the northeast of the site and Hanley Road at the southeast, where people travel to reach the Deer Creek Center. The project aims to take advantage of the heavy traffic on all sides and provide a place where people and goods from all of the flows gather and disperse.

flow of people - pedestiran

What are the flows of people and goods near the site?

N

site | analysis 75

NATURAL

THE SITE HAS

BUILT

Repairing the Machine

INTANGIBLE

the site must be a place for people to gather and share experience

the site must provide a way to create economic flows at multiple scales

The machine can be repaired. In order for the site to work within the city, the intervention must address the issues at left as they relate to mechanisms on the site.

When repairing the machine, it must be made sure that: the existing mechanisms are utlized and adapted in such a way that they support new uses and new mechanisms introduced to the site.

BUILT

THE SITE NEEDS

the site must be built with reverence to the surroundings and their history. new buildings should instill pride in the community.

At this site, the machine is inefficient. Individual mechanisms have broken down and are not working together to realize the site’s potential.

the site should provide housing to replace a portion of the homes destroyed by demolition

NATURAL

the site must provide beautiful greenspaces for visitors and the community

new interventions on the site are sensitive to existing mechanisms and support their efficient use. whatever is implemented on the site must be resilient against any negative actions of the intangible machines: politics, social change, economy and natural disasters site | site selection 77

79

Brewery as Machine

TRANSFORMATION + NEGOTIATION The brewing process itself connects the brewer to nature and negotiates between the natural ingredients and the built world that consumes the beer

Goods are transported via highway and railroad into the city and to the site of the brewery

WATER

mash tun

MALT

INPUTS - Cereals and other natural ingredients are grown outside the city for the brewery

PROGRAM PROPOSAL | Brewery The brewing process relies on the natural systems that allow for the growth of the necessary ingredients. It utilizes infrastructural mechanisms for the transport of raw goods (inputs) to the brewing site as well as finished product (outputs) from the site, establishing a cycle. The brewery itself

is an architecture of synthetic mechanisms that transform natural inputs into something that we can experience.

OUTPUTS - Beer is packaged in a number of ways depending on its final destination

outputs

inputs

The same infrastructure that brings inputs also distributes outputs to the city.

fermentation tank

YEAST

copper

HOPS

THE CITY

transformation occurs

some beer is consumed on site

program | investigations 81

1991

SCHLAFLY TAP ROOM

1891

FALSTAFF BREWERY

1860

ANHEUSERBUSCH

1840

LEMP BREWERY peak capacity

National

6,500 bbl

Local

300,000 bbl

Regional

1.8 M bbl

National

300,000 bbl

distribution

St. Louis Brewing History

St. Louis has a rich brewing history From the first brewery to ship coast to coast and the nation’s largest brewery to smaller microbreweries intertwined with the culture of the city, the history of St. Louis has always involved breweries.

20,000 bbl

2010

Regional

SCHLAFLY BOTTLEWORKS

7,000 bbl

2003

URBAN CHESTNUT

Local

The rich brewing culture intensifies the pride that residents of St. Louis feel for beer made here, and brewpubs such as Schlafly and Urban Chestnut that serve food as well as their own beer have gained popularity. These enterprises often disrtibute their beer across the St. Louis region.

program | investigations 83

tap room schlafly

schlafly tap room

4 hands brewery

4 hands

4 hands brewery

bottleworks schlafly

schlafly bottleworks

urban chestnut brewery

o’fallon

AB

anheuser busch

urban chestnut

urban chestnut brewery

AB

retail

brewing

St. Louis Breweries | Programmatic Distributions bottling/ canning

offices

key beer garden

tasting

warehouse

The graphs illustrate the approximate spaces programmed for different uses at some currently active breweries in Saint Louis. Some operations are very basic, while others incorportate cultural programs such as beer gardens, restaurants, and tasting rooms.

restaurant

program | investigations 85

PROFESSIONAL COURSES

FIU beer academy miami, fl

STATE SPONSORED PROGRAMS

UC - san diego san diego, ca

UC - davis davis, ca

STL STL american brewer’s guild salisbury vt

siebel institute. chicago, il

master brewer’s association st. paul, mn

CWU craft beer trade certificate ellensburg, wa

OSU continuing education for brewing professionals corvallis, or

PROGRAM PROPOSAL | Brewing School Breweries employ professionals to brew their beer to ensure good taste, quality, and creativity. Professional brewers obtain certification through specialized brewing education programs. There are at least 20 breweries in the St. Louis area, but there are no brewing schools that offer certification to aspiring brewing professionals in St. Louis. The nearest school is in Chicago, and it is common practice for those seeking certification to travel abroad to recieve it.

A brewing school offers opportunities to educate amateurs and brewmasters-tobe about beermaking and its place in the economy of the city.

STL

program | investigations 87

SELECTED PROGRAM | Saint Louis Institute of Brewing The project proposes to combine the programs of brewery, gastropub, and brewing academy. The resulting program becomes a destination

for cultural gathering and learning, centered around the shared experiences of beermaking, drinking, and eating.

BUILT MECHANISMS

+

NATURAL SYSTEMS

P SUP ORT

BR

EW

M

SC

R FA

HO

OL

EATI

NG

DRINKING

=

BE

ER

W AT E

R

CO L

EW

EN

IO

N

L

RA

LTU

BR

CT

RD

CU

ER Y

LE

GA

program | project proposal 89

INTERIOR

101,000sf

PROJECT TOTAL 192,000sf

• seating areas • performance space • bar • informal social space

water collected on site supplements the needs of the farm and brewery • collection tanks • water features • filtration system

20,000 sf

EVENT / CULTURAL

91,000sf

• vegetables • cereals for beer • teaching gardens • neighborhood garden

the beer garden is a place to enjoy beer and socialize alongside nature

3000 sf

WATER COLLECTION

EXTERIOR

the farm will grow local produce in support of the brewery and restaurant

8000 sf

BEER GARDEN

Programmatic Distribution

FARM

60, 000sf

a flexible exterior space for events

• amphitheatre • lawn and gathering • shading structures

• tap room • event space with taps • merchandise • performance space • informal and formal seating

• dining room • kitchen • offices • performance space • informal and formal seating

brewing school for amateurs and professionals • teaching brewery • offices • classrooms • tour route • labs

20,000 sf

SUPPORT

restaurant serving local foods

15,500 sf

BREWING ACADEMY

• grain mill • brewing tanks • coolers • clean-in-place system • labs • offices

space to enjoy beers brewed on-site

6,000 sf

EATING

all of the operations that involve transforming raw ingredients to beer, including :

11,000 sf

DRINKING

BREWERY

48,500 sf

TOTAL INTERIOR 101,000sf

spaces that support the other programs

• restrooms • mechanical • electrical • dry storage • shipping / receiving

program | project proposal 91

9pm 6pm

7am

12am

6pm

6am

12pm

10am rainwater and snowmelt harvested on site could be used for plumbing, or it could be purified and used to make beer.

EVENT / CULTURAL

12pm the beer garden would likely be inactive in the winter, but throughout the rest of the year could be enjoyed from lunchtime onwards.

WATER COLLECTION

the farm might be in use by people during the daylight hours. the differing crops grown here have varying annual cycles

BEER GARDEN

FARM

When will the programs be active?

9pm

this space could host community events, charities, fundraisers, a farmer’s market, performances, and private events that vary according to the seasons.-

1am

9pm

9pm

• grain mill • brewing tanks • coolers • clean-in-place system • labs • offices

• tap room • event space with taps • merchandise • performance space • informal and formal seating

11am restaurant serving local foods

• dining room • kitchen • offices • performance space • informal and formal seating

9am brewing school for amateurs and professionals • teaching brewery • offices • classrooms • tour route • labs

SUPPORT

11am space to enjoy beers brewed on-site

BREWING ACADEMY

all of the operations that involve transforming raw ingredients to beer, including :

DRINKING

BREWERY

9am

EATING

6pm

spaces that support the other programs

• restrooms • mechanical • electrical • dry storage • shipping / receiving

program | project proposal 93

different types of people for different reasons -- aspiring brewers come to learn about the brewing process, college students come to socialize, workers come to unwind, children to learn about the brewery as a part of the culture and economy of the city. All people

can benefit from the public spaces of the project, and the gardens provide an opportunity for St. Louis residents to learn about the ingredients that go into the food and drink that they consume.

workers can relax with friends, family, beer, and food to de-stress after a workday

STUDENTS

The targeted use groups of the project include residents of the surrounding neighborhoods as well as those who will commute to the site. The brewery attracts

WORKERS

Who are the targeted use groups?

breweries and brewpubs are popular with college students

the brewery is a place for amateur brewers to hone their tastes, while the beer academy provides opportunities to learn more and better one’s craft

PROFESSIONAL BREWERS

the combination of carefully crafted beer and locally sourced foods is a draw for any food and drink enthusiast

AMATEUR BREWERS

the semi-industrial program of brewery can be a field trip destination for young children. the students can learn about the science of turning raw ingredients into beer.

FOOD + DRINK ENTHUSIASTS

CHILDREN

FAMILIES

the restaurant and greenspaces appeal to families, who can enjoy recreation time and lunch or dinner at the brewery

professional brewers can earn certification and continuing education credits that they can use in their own brewing operations.

program | project proposal 95

eating

brewing school

water collection

cultural + event

beer garden

drinking

FROM THE CITY

brewery

farm

I N PU TS

O U T P U T S TO T H E C I T Y The machine of the St. Louis Brewing Institute operates at the intersection of each input mechanism, negotiating between the natural and the manmade, the social and the economical. Raw ingredients, people, and other goods are input into the machine, which transforms them into something useful -- beer, food, and knowledge. The outputs disemminate into the city using the same mechanisms by which they came, linking the site-as-machine to the city as a whole and helping it to reach its full potential.

INPUTS FROM THE CITY program | project proposal 97

99

Dogfish Head Brewery | DIGSAU Architects This project involves adding a new space onto an existing brewery. Spaces added include offices, laboratories, and retail designed to help reshape the image of the previous building to fit better with the company’s style. The design features large tanks on the exterior and includes bocce courts as part of the exterior component to the new tasting room.

100 precedents

Boulevard Brewing Expansion | el dorado El dorado was hired to complete an expansion onto an existing structure that would allow for the installation of eight new forty foot tall tanks. The space is meant to be fully day-lit, and openings in the floor provide light to spaces below that existed prior to the addition. This building is not publically accessible.

102 precedents

Moritz Brewery | Ateliers Jean Nouvel Nouvel was tasked to rework an existing building into a new public space centered around design, cuising, and culture. The re-fit includes an outdoor terrace, museum, a gastronomic hall and workshop, retail, wine bar, taproom, and microbrewery as well as a restaurant and flexible event space.

The architect works with light and transparency to highlight the existing features of the building such as brickwork, vaulted ceilings and floor mosaics.

104 precedents

Private Brewery | Forma Architectural Studio This project includes a long, hangar-like structure housing a restaurant, brewery, and kitchen nestled below a 23 room hotel with a gabled roof.

106 precedents

Schlafly Tap Room | Samuel L. Sherer Schlafly is a Saint Louis beer brand. The Tap Room occupies a the building of a former printing press. Beer is brewed on site and packaged into 750ml bottles and kegs as well as being served in the taproom and restaurant. The Tap Room is a destination for both food and drink, and hosts both special events and performances

108 precedents

Bodega de Sarria Winery | Tabuenca & Leache The growing wine-tourism market drove the Bodega de Sarria Winery to remodel its former fermenting spaces, no longer used due to being outfitted with obsolete technology. The architect claims that the project strives to regain the clarity, simplicity and modesty of the original structure.

Featured in the design are the large fermenting tanks constructed of reinforced concrete, washed white and contrasted with the warmer tones of brick and wood throughout the interior.

110 precedents

WBF Lab at UC-Davis | FLAD Architects WBF Lab provides a state of the art space for the study of beer, wine, and food and offers professional degress. The lab building is 31,000sf and provides an extended research environment for the sciences of food, beermaking, and wine making.

The structure itself is meant to educate students and researches in sustainable production processes and operating procedures on a facilty scale. The integrated systems allow for the collection of 175,000 gallons of rainwater and captured CO2 from the research fermenters.

112 precedents

REFERENCES 07 Merriam Webster.

www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary 09 Merriam Webster.

18 Merriam Webster.

22 Thorstein Veblen. The Theory of the Leisure Class: An Economic Study of Institutions 26 Paul Raymont, University of Toronto. Leibniz’ Distinction Between Artificial and Manmade Machines

http://www.bu.edu/wcp/Papers/Mode/ModeRaym.htm 81 Explore Saint Louis. Saint Louis Brewing History.

http://explorestlouis.com/visit-explore/discover/st-louis-beer-brewing/ st-louis-beer-history/ 82 Schlafly TapRoom and Schlafly Bottleworks.

www.schlafly.com O’Fallon Brewery.

www.ofallonbrewery.com 4 Hands Brewing Co.

www.4handsbrewery.com Urban Chestnut Brewing Co. www.urbanchestnut.com Anheuser-Busch Brewery. qa.anheuser-busch.com 96 Dogfish Head Brewery. From Archdaily

http://www.archdaily.com/181577/dogfish-head-brewery-digsau/ 98 Boulevard Brewing. From Archdaily

http://www.archdaily.com/281598/boulevard-brewing-company-cellar-1-expansion-el-dorado/ 100 Fabrica Moritz. From Archdaily

http://www.archdaily.com/236233/moritz-brewery-jean-nouvel/ 102 Private Brewery. From Archdaily

http://www.archdaily.com/176406/

104 Schlafly Taproom

www.schlafly.com 106 Bodega de Sarria Winery. From Archdaily.

http://www.archdaily.com/413634/ 108 WBF Lab at UC-Davis. From Archdaily

http://www.archdaily.com/168716/

sources 115

Image Sources *All aerial and satellite imagery from Google Earth 27 Exploded Isometric Diagram

http://www.formulafordzetec.co.uk/formula_ford_zetec_019.htm 76,89,91 Brewing Tanks

http://theidleloaf.wordpress.com/2011/04/03/u-district-farmers-market/ 79 Farmland

http://images02.olx.in/ui/4/17/25/1378757086_543951225_4-Farm-House-Fruits-Vegetables-Services.jpg 85, 88 Hops Farming

roguefarmsblog.wordpress.com/tag/hopyard Class at Siebel Institute

www.siebelinstitute.com Class at CWU

http://picsbox.biz/key/%20CraftBrewers%20ApprenticeshipSchlafly TapRoom and Schlafly Bottleworks.

Brewing Equipment at WBF Lab

http://www.archdaily.com/168716/ German Beer Garden 88,90 www.munichbeergardens.com Water Catchment Tank

www.grandifloraservices.com/services/rain-water-harvesting/ Sweetwater Brewery Garden

www.sweetwaterbrewery.com Beer in Glasses 89, 91 www.schoonerspub.com Little Creatures Brewing

www.paulburnham.com.au/LCB1.html WBF Lab at UC-Davis

http://www.archdaily.com/176406/ Brewery Storage

http://waberbrew.blogspot.com/2012/03/tour-of-monarch-beverage-hosted-by-bob.html

92 Workers Walking

http://www.archdaily.com/413634/ Students Walking

http://www.archdaily.com/168716/ 93 Family at Table

mothersdayrestaurant.net Kids Playing

goldengatebridge75.org/partners/education-partners.html Little Creatures Brewing

www.paulburnham.com.au/LCB1.html Class at Siebel Institute

http://waberbrew.blogspot.com/2012/03/tour-of-monarch-beverage-hosted-by-bob.html Professional Brewer

fuzzybrew.com/tag/adam-hargrove 97 Dogfish Head Brewery. From Archdaily

http://www.archdaily.com/181577/dogfish-head-brewery-digsau/ 99 Boulevard Brewing. From Archdaily

http://www.archdaily.com/281598/boulevard-brewing-company-cellar-1-expansion-el-dorado/ 101 Fabrica Moritz. From Archdaily

http://www.archdaily.com/236233/moritz-brewery-jean-nouvel/ 103 Private Brewery. From Archdaily

http://www.archdaily.com/176406/ 105 Schlafly Taproom

www.schlafly.com 107 Bodega de Sarria Winery. From Archdaily.

http://www.archdaily.com/413634/ 109 WBF Lab at UC-Davis. From Archdaily

http://www.archdaily.com/168716/

sources 117