CONTENTS PREMISE
Statement
05 The Machine
CONCEPT
06
The City
25 Zone of Interest
SITE
39
Site Selection
44
Analysis
61
PROGRAM
Programmatic Investigations
78 Project Proposal
88 114
References
SOURCES
Typological Studies
PRECEDENTS
98
THE CITY IS A MACHINE. The city of Saint Louis operates as a machine, an assemblage of parts that when working together create the city as we know it. No part of the machine is independent or self-sufficing -- each relies on the others to operate to its potential. Occasionally the machine breaks. One or more of the smaller mechanisms operating within the citymachine loses functionality or becomes inefficient. A chain reaction occurs, and other intersecting mechanisms, dependent on each other to function properly, begin to lose the ability to serve the city and its people. There are inputs, but the machine cannot transform them into useful outputs. We must view these failures not as detriments to the city, but as opportunities. Architecture is the tool that allows us to begin finding solutions for what has gone wrong. With architecture, we can discover new ways to utilize the pieces of what was thought to be broken. Architecture becomes the interface between differing mechanisms, the place in which they intersect and negotiate with one another. It is the beginning of once again finding the potential in the machine.
statement 5
7
Machine • an assemblage of parts, each with a definite function and together performing a task left: a machine takes an input (or series of inputs) and, by way of a set of systems /processes, transforms it.
MACHINE input
input
transformation occurs
input
output
concept | the machine 9
Mechanism (philosophy) • the belief that wholes are essentially complicated machines, composed of specialized parts lacking any intrinsic relationship to each other.
mechanism invloves thinking of things, e.g. systems, animals, buildings not as whole entities, but as the combination of the parts and any outside influence acting upon them.
left: the whole form of the square machine is not actually whole at all. a series of unrelated individual pieces come together to create the recognizable form. mechanism suggests that we must recognize the square as an assemblage of specialized parts, taken apart they do not perform the same task that they can perform together.
REALITY OF MACHINE
PERCEPTION OF MACHINE
=
+ + +
concept | the machine 11
INPUT
INPUT
time
BANDS
transformation occurs
NAILS
VERTICAL BACKBOARD
OUTPUT
OUTPUT
Visualizing The Machine
NAILS
BANDS
BACKBOARD
The game of Plinko can help us to visualize a simple machine. In this example, the machine has three distinct parts.
Here, the input is represented by a ball, which we drop into the machine. Each part of the machine plays a specialized role in the transformation of the input. The transformation of the input can be visualized as the overall path that the ball takes as it descends through the Plinko board.
concept | the machine 13
concept | the machine 15
bands unaltered
bands randomly lowered
Can Machines Adapt? The concept of mechanism infers that each component of the machine has a particular function, and that each acts individually. In the Plinko machine, the bands serve the purpose of keeping the ball on the board when it’s oriented vertically. But what happens when each band’s function is adapted to be able to move independently?
The bands become capable of exerting an effect on the path of the input.
concept | the machine 17
randomly lowered bands cause the input to fall out of the machine
randomly lowered bands keep the input from falling out of the machine
Perception of the Machine Mechanism refers to the reality of the machine, which is that it is actually composed of many parts. However, our perception is that the machine is a whole. Parts of the machine can be altered without us perceiving the change. The lowering of the bands marked in red has an effect on the path of the ball, but from our point of view we cannot tell that these bands have been lowered. This means that we are able to manipulate smaller pieces within the machine to have an effect on the larger machine without altering its overall function.
The moving bands can have an effect on the path of the ball even though we may not perceive their movement.
concept | the machine 19
Sequential Logic • a type of logic circuit whose output depends not only on the present value of its input signals but on the past history of its inputs.
left: each circle represents a possible point in the sequence. with each move, the sequence can only continue to those points directly surrounding the present circle. as such, the sequence is dependent on both the direction of the input signal and whichever points came before it in the sequence
concept | the machine 21
Sequence in the Machine The input is not transformed instantaneously. A measure of time is present between each event in the sequence (each impact with a nail or band). We can infer where the ball might go next, but it is impossible to know each time. The most important factor that determines the sequence the ball can take in the future is the history of its previous path.
The path of the ball at each event is dependent on two things: any external inputs (in this case gravity) and the history of all of the events leading up to that event.
concept | the machine 23
“No one of the mechanical processes...is independent. Each draws upon and presupposes the proper working of many other processes. None is self sufficing. Each follows some and precedes others...in an endless sequence, into which each fits and to the requirements of which each must adapt its own works. The whole concert of operations is to be taken as a machine process, made up of interlocking detail processes, rather than as a multiplicity of [machines] each doing its particular work in severalty.�
-Thorstein Veblen
THE CITY IS A MACHINE. We can understand Saint Louis as a complex machine. There are three major machines at work here, within which many smaller mechanisms operate:
NATURAL MACHINES
BUILT MACHINES
=+
+ + +
INTANGIBLE MACHINES
+ =
+ + +
==
THE CITY
+ + +
=
concept | the city 25
BUILT nails represent the built machine. they are influenced by mankind. their effects on the city are generally predictable
INTANGIBLE
CITY
bands represent the intangible machines. they are influenced by mankind + nature. their influence on the city cannot always be predicted
the input and output of the machine represent the city. the path of the ball represents the city through time as it is affected by the three other machines. the output is a snapshot of the city at any given point in time.
NATURAL the backboard represents the natural machines. they are the armature into which everything else is inserted
The City - Machine How can we understand the Plinko machine as a model for the city?
The differing parts of the Plinko machine represent the differing machines at work in the city.
concept | the city 27
Machines ... are still machines in their smallest parts ad infinitum.
- Gottfried Willhelm Leibniz
What are some of the smaller machines operating within Saint Louis?
concept | the city 29
p o li t i c s
d lan
ho u
scape
sing
The Smaller Machines of the City
bu
weather
i ld i n g s
social
onomy ec
terway s eenspace gr
wa rail ys
asters
wa
dways roa
dis
The mechanisms of the city intersect and interact with one another.
NATURAL
INTANGIBLE
BUILT
There are three categories of mechanisms at work: BUILT - these are the synthetic systems operating in the city that are the result of human action NATURAL - includes all of the mechanisms that are part of the physical world of nature INTANGIBLE - factors that we cannot see, touch, or predict but have major impact on the path of the city and the functioning of the machine.
concept | the city 31
Architecture as Filter
ARCHITECTURE
disassociated city form
Architecture is the filter through which the mechanisms are arranged into the recognizable city. Through architecture we begin to arrange the diassociated and unrelated mechanism of the city, some larger than others, into an ordered machine in which all parts are interdependent. Architecture transforms seperate roadways into an intersecting and overlapping system of efficiency by building up overpasses and cutting into the land. It places a residence near a greenspace so that the greenspace can be appreciated and improve the residence. Without architecture, a park is just a natural space. Architecture is taking what is most valuable from each mechanism and finding a way to combine it with other mechanisms to improve the city-machine.
How has architecture physically manifested the machine in Saint Louis?
recognizable city form concept | the city 33
1870 1860 1850 1840 1830 1820 1810 1800 1790 1780
0
00
0,
28
60
,8
77
8
population
18 1,
1770
eads bridge opens
ďŹ rst streetcar operational
railroad construction begins
steamboats arrive
choteau’s pond opens
1760
The Machine Through Time
2000 1990 1980 1970 1960 1950 1940 1930 1920 1910 1900
5
68
6,
39
1890
6
23
2,
62
6
79 6,
85
0 96 1, 82
9 02 7, 68
1880
metrolink operational
busch stadium opens
archgrounds open
hwy 40 construction begins
world’s fair in forest park
0 77 1, 45
concept | the city 35
BUILT MACHINES
A R C H I T E C T U R E
NATURAL MACHINES
Architecture operates at the intersection of mechanisms within the city. We find architecture where there are overlapping mechanisms. Architecture strives to disintegrate the boundary between one mechanism and another and create a symbiotic system in which each part is supporting and improving the other. It negotiates between the natural and built environments by finding where the mechanisms overlap and optimizing each so that they work together to achieve a higher efficiency in the overall citymachine.
At what site in Saint Louis can architecture be applied to help negotiate the machine intersection?
concept | the city 37
39
AREA OF INTEREST
N
The zone of interest lies at the boundary between Maplewood and Webster Groves along Deer Creek and Hanley Road.
site | zone of interest 41
This region of Saint Louis is heavily marked by the intersection of many infrastructural machines, creating numerous bounded zones. Commercial and industrial development along the infrastructural components push outwards into residential zones on all sides
railroad
roadway
waterway
42 site | zone of interest
N
Scaling Down
The site research will be focused on a portion of the zone
site | site selection 45
missouri pacific railroad
deer creek sunnen business park
sunnen metrolink
hanley road
big bend rd
retail shopping webster park
deer creek park industrial park N
maplewood A variety of mechanisms are functioning in this zone of the city.
I-44
The defined study zone is bound by the infrastructural elements of Hanley Road, Big Bend Boulevard, the Missouri Pacific Railroad and the Metrolink Blue line as well as Deer Creek. The land use is characterized by a vein of industrial programs whose edges are defined by medium density housing development in Maplewood and Webster Groves Amenities include the public-use Deer Creek park and the Deer Creek Trail, which follows the creek. A strip mall houses a number of discount stores. The majority of the land is owned by the Sunnen Corporation, who operates facilities for the manufacture of steel-cutting machinery. The Sunnen Business Park at the center of the map holds many businesses, and is serviced by the underutilized Sunnen Metrolink Station.
site | site selection 47
Intersecting Mechanisms
The site is chosen because it portrays a small portion of the city-machine in which the machine is not functioning to its potential. The intersecting machines intersect but do not interact. They have created strong boundaries between zones. Perhaps most importantly, the site is severely lacking development that
utilizes the potential of its bounding modes of transit.
+
+
black creek
big ben d road
ek
deer cre
metrolink blue line
ad
ro ley
han
=
site
d
c
ifi
i-
ur
o iss
c pa
oa ilr ra
m
N
deer c
reek
The site is located in a zone characterised by the intersection of a number of infrastructural mechanisms at the edge of Maplewood.
site | site selection 49
Context | Use and Typology
The site is set within a band of industrial and light manufacturing that follow the creek and the railroads. Most of the surroundings lack a cohesive aesthetic and conceal uses with regular, nondescript facades. The Deer Creek Center is a recently redeveloped retail center that is seperated from the south end of the site by the Missouri-Pacific rail and is a common destination for those arriving at the Sunnen Metrolink station.
sunnen business park typology: nondescript
deer creek center typology: strip retail
elevated metrolink typology: infrastructural
N
dining single family residential multi-family residential commercial industrial dining
site | site selection 51
Sequential Logic and Site Over the last twenty years, this area has seen a number of changes at different scales. In the early 90’s a large steel mill bordered by the Union Pacific Railroad was demolished and replaced with the Sunnen Business Park. Sunnen purchased the surrounding land and slowly added buildings to its park, including a metrolink station in 2004. By 2012, the residential zone west of the business park was completely demolished.
metrolink construction underway
2004
further office building development
2002
new office building completed
1996
52 site | site selection
1990
earliest available imagery
2012 MOST RECENT IMAGERY residential zone demolished to make way for new development
2007
metrolink rail completed, including raised section
N
53
Sequence and Failure in the Machine
PRIOR TO 2012
SUNNEN METROLINK
For many years the site was characterized by medium density housing nestled between industrial buildings. In 2006, the Metrolink was constructed through the site and the Sunnen Metrolink Station was placed along it. The Station served both residents commuting from their homes and workers arriving at the Sunnen Business Park.
CURRENT STATE In 2012, an intangible mechanism influenced the site and the owner demolished everything between the metrolink and Hanley Road and creating a specific failure in the machine operating at this site. To take its place, a Mini dealership and parking lot are planned for the site. The site now lacks any catalyst for the density necessary to promote Transit Oriented Development.
site | site selection 55
SITE | Defining the Boundaries of the Intervention The concept of mechanism helps us understand that the site is a smaller machine operating within the boundaries of the larger city-machine. At every level, a machine is composed of yet smaller machines. The project will function as one of these smaller machines within the site, occupying the southernmost portion of the site. This defines the zone of intervention for the project. This specific site is bounded on three sides by three different infrastructural mechanisms and is adjacent to the Metrolink station. It acts as a buffer between each mechanism and between those mechanisms and the surrounding context.
What programs will work as a component of the machine?
56 site | site selection
The Metrolink Blue Line forms the eastern boundary of the site. Hanley Road bounds the west while the Missouri Pacific Railroad creates the southern edge. As the site expands north, the small Sunnen Drive marks the boundary.
625’
’
650
370,000 sf 8.5 acres 640’
460
’
N
N
How will people arrive at the site?
LKING WA
the site is walkable distance from many surrounding residential zones
BICYCLE
biking is gaining popularity in this zone, with biking lanes on many roads
ME TROLINK
the sunnen metrolink stop is located at the edge of the site
VEHICLE
bordering the site is hanley road, a well-used vehicular artery
site | analysis 59
Methods of Approach
13
m
in
to
to
27
in
ty
in
to
n
io at st k
n
in
l ro et
m
io un
nd
k in
l ro et
te
to
to
a az pl
n
in
fro
er at
m
to
nt
k in
l ro et
m
/w
17
ac
k
ar
tp
en nt
n to ay
fro
cl
s re fo
ch ar to in m r 15 nte ce
to
ow nt
in
an gr
m
d
k k lin lin ro ro et et m m d oo tw en br
m
es w
m
l ra nt ce si er iv
m
n to ay
cl
06
in
un
m
on gt
in
in
m
h as
20
w
10
to
12
in
w do
m
to
in
in
m
m
13
12
15
ch
ee ok er
t
e re st
10
m
03
m
in
to
sb
w re
sh
y ur
m
r te n ce y nt ou g t c sin es s w cro to d in oo m rkw 15 ki to in
k
lin ro et
01 mile 20 minutes
07
m
in
in
m
m
in
l
in
si er iv
k
ar
un
tp
s re fo
er st eb w
to
d
to
oo tw
i tra
17
12
en br
rk pa to
ey nl m
ha 10
to
0.5 miles 10 minutes
13
on pt am il rth tra no es to er in sp m de 20 er y riv ur to sb in ew m shr 16 to in m
ty
site | analysis 61
Approach | Hanley Road
16 seconds
13 seconds
reveal
19seconds
The southern boundary of the the railroad first obscures, then frames, and finally reveals the site to travellers headed north on Hanley Rd. The site is elevated from the level of the road, drawing the eye upwards as one passes through the threshold of the railroad overpass. The focus of the approacher is forward and on the road, lowering the total amount of time that the site is exposed.
02 seconds
16
13
10
EXPOSURE ZONE 17 seconds
05
02 00
vehicle 30 mph average N
frame
19
00seconds obscure
05 seconds obscure
10 seconds
site | analysis 63
Approach | Hanley Road
As one approaches from the north heading south, the site is exposed
from a distance but it partially obscured by the slope of the land. A strong horizon is set by the railroad at the southern boundary. A stoplight at the point of access to the site offers an opportunity for views to wander or focus on the site. Though the view initially expands upwards, it is brought down and focused on the overpass as the traveller descends the hill.
06econds partial exposure
03seconds partial exposure
hidden
00seconds
11seconds
14seconds
18seconds
full reveal
08 seconds
03
06
08
11
EXPOSURE ZONE 15 seconds
14
18
N
00
vehicle 30 mph average
site | analysis 65
Approach | Metrolink
When approaching from the south on the metrolink, visitors gain an oblique and elevated view of the site before the train turns and passengers are exposed to a broad view of the entire site. This approach is the most dramatic and allows views of the whole
reveal
site as the train passes. When riding the metro, passengers have no responisibility to drive and are free to look over the site as they please. The metrolink station is at the northeast corner of the site of study.
34seconds
22 seconds
17seconds
34
22
17
12
09
05
00
12 seconds
oblique
elevated
N
EXPOSURE ZONE 17 seconds
metrolink varying speed
09seconds
05seconds
0seconds site | analysis 67
Approach | On Foot
The slowest approach to the site occurs on foot. The corridor of Laclede Station Road frames the site from a distance. As one approaches the metrolink stop, the view is expanded but obstructed by metrolink structures and mechanical equipment. As one passes through the Sunnen metrolink stop, their attention is focused
00seconds
08 seconds
obstruct
expand
frame
towards the site before an expansive view confronts them.
25seconds
08
25
35
42
60
75
35seconds
N
focus
obstruct
EXPOSURE ZONE 67 seconds
42seconds
reveal
00
walking about 2 mph
60seconds
75seconds site | analysis 69
Bounded Space | Topography
sporadic, loud noise from train passage
low, general background noise
low, general background noise
A N
SUNNEN DRIVE
MOPAC RAILROAD
S
moderate, sporadic noise of metrolink
low, general background noise
constant noise from roadway
B E
HANLEY ROAD
METROLINK
W
A
B B
A
N
site | analysis 71
Photographic Mapping
N
73
The flow of people on the site occurs through a parking lot. There is no path connecting the metrolink and residential zones beyond to the surrounding amenities, discouraging the use of the metro station. The project will address this, providing a path and becoming both a destination and pedestrian thoroughfare for those utilizing public transportation.
flow of goods - vehicle
flow of goods - rail
flow of people - vehicle or rail
Currently, the flows of both people and goods occur at the boundaries of the site along the rail lines and roadways. The only existing flow across the site occurs between the metrolink station at the northeast of the site and Hanley Road at the southeast, where people travel to reach the Deer Creek Center. The project aims to take advantage of the heavy traffic on all sides and provide a place where people and goods from all of the flows gather and disperse.
flow of people - pedestiran
What are the flows of people and goods near the site?
N
site | analysis 75
NATURAL
THE SITE HAS
BUILT
Repairing the Machine
INTANGIBLE
the site must be a place for people to gather and share experience
the site must provide a way to create economic flows at multiple scales
The machine can be repaired. In order for the site to work within the city, the intervention must address the issues at left as they relate to mechanisms on the site. When repairing the machine, it must be made sure that: the existing mechanisms are utlized and adapted in such a way that they support new uses and new mechanisms introduced to the site.
BUILT
THE SITE NEEDS
the site must be built with reverence to the surroundings and their history. new buildings should instill pride in the community.
At this site, the machine is inefficient. Individual mechanisms have broken down and are not working together to realize the site’s potential.
the site should provide housing to replace a portion of the homes destroyed by demolition
NATURAL
the site must provide beautiful greenspaces for visitors and the community
new interventions on the site are sensitive to existing mechanisms and support their efficient use. whatever is implemented on the site must be resilient against any negative actions of the intangible machines: politics, social change, economy and natural disasters site | site selection 77
79
Brewery as Machine
TRANSFORMATION + NEGOTIATION The brewing process itself connects the brewer to nature and negotiates between the natural ingredients and the built world that consumes the beer
Goods are transported via highway and railroad into the city and to the site of the brewery
WATER
mash tun
MALT
INPUTS - Cereals and other natural ingredients are grown outside the city for the brewery
PROGRAM PROPOSAL | Brewery The brewing process relies on the natural systems that allow for the growth of the necessary ingredients. It utilizes infrastructural mechanisms for the transport of raw goods (inputs) to the brewing site as well as finished product (outputs) from the site, establishing a cycle. The brewery itself
is an architecture of synthetic mechanisms that transform natural inputs into something that we can experience.
OUTPUTS - Beer is packaged in a number of ways depending on its final destination
outputs
inputs
The same infrastructure that brings inputs also distributes outputs to the city.
fermentation tank
YEAST
copper
HOPS
THE CITY
transformation occurs
some beer is consumed on site
program | investigations 81
1991
SCHLAFLY TAP ROOM
1891
FALSTAFF BREWERY
1860
ANHEUSERBUSCH
1840
LEMP BREWERY peak capacity
National
6,500 bbl
Local
300,000 bbl
Regional
1.8 M bbl
National
300,000 bbl
distribution
St. Louis Brewing History
St. Louis has a rich brewing history From the first brewery to ship coast to coast and the nation’s largest brewery to smaller microbreweries intertwined with the culture of the city, the history of St. Louis has always involved breweries.
20,000 bbl
2010
Regional
SCHLAFLY BOTTLEWORKS
7,000 bbl
2003
URBAN CHESTNUT
Local
The rich brewing culture intensifies the pride that residents of St. Louis feel for beer made here, and brewpubs such as Schlafly and Urban Chestnut that serve food as well as their own beer have gained popularity. These enterprises often disrtibute their beer across the St. Louis region.
program | investigations 83
tap room schlafly
schlafly tap room
4 hands brewery
4 hands
4 hands brewery
bottleworks schlafly
schlafly bottleworks
urban chestnut brewery
o’fallon
AB
anheuser busch
urban chestnut
urban chestnut brewery
AB
retail
brewing
St. Louis Breweries | Programmatic Distributions bottling/ canning
offices
key beer garden
tasting
warehouse
The graphs illustrate the approximate spaces programmed for different uses at some currently active breweries in Saint Louis. Some operations are very basic, while others incorportate cultural programs such as beer gardens, restaurants, and tasting rooms.
restaurant
program | investigations 85
PROFESSIONAL COURSES
FIU beer academy miami, fl
STATE SPONSORED PROGRAMS
UC - san diego san diego, ca
UC - davis davis, ca
STL STL american brewer’s guild salisbury vt
siebel institute. chicago, il
master brewer’s association st. paul, mn
CWU craft beer trade certificate ellensburg, wa
OSU continuing education for brewing professionals corvallis, or
PROGRAM PROPOSAL | Brewing School Breweries employ professionals to brew their beer to ensure good taste, quality, and creativity. Professional brewers obtain certification through specialized brewing education programs. There are at least 20 breweries in the St. Louis area, but there are no brewing schools that offer certification to aspiring brewing professionals in St. Louis. The nearest school is in Chicago, and it is common practice for those seeking certification to travel abroad to recieve it. A brewing school offers opportunities to educate amateurs and brewmasters-tobe about beermaking and its place in the economy of the city.
STL
program | investigations 87
SELECTED PROGRAM | Saint Louis Institute of Brewing The project proposes to combine the programs of brewery, gastropub, and brewing academy. The resulting program becomes a destination
for cultural gathering and learning, centered around the shared experiences of beermaking, drinking, and eating.
BUILT MECHANISMS
+
NATURAL SYSTEMS
P SUP ORT
BR
EW
M
SC
R FA
HO
OL
EATI
NG
DRINKING
=
BE
ER
W AT E
R
CO L
EW
EN
IO
N
L
RA
LTU
BR
CT
RD
CU
ER Y
LE
GA
program | project proposal 89
INTERIOR
101,000sf
PROJECT TOTAL 192,000sf
• seating areas • performance space • bar • informal social space
water collected on site supplements the needs of the farm and brewery • collection tanks • water features • filtration system
20,000 sf
EVENT / CULTURAL
91,000sf
• vegetables • cereals for beer • teaching gardens • neighborhood garden
the beer garden is a place to enjoy beer and socialize alongside nature
3000 sf
WATER COLLECTION
EXTERIOR
the farm will grow local produce in support of the brewery and restaurant
8000 sf
BEER GARDEN
Programmatic Distribution
FARM
60, 000sf
a flexible exterior space for events
• amphitheatre • lawn and gathering • shading structures
• tap room • event space with taps • merchandise • performance space • informal and formal seating
• dining room • kitchen • offices • performance space • informal and formal seating
brewing school for amateurs and professionals • teaching brewery • offices • classrooms • tour route • labs
20,000 sf
SUPPORT
restaurant serving local foods
15,500 sf
BREWING ACADEMY
• grain mill • brewing tanks • coolers • clean-in-place system • labs • offices
space to enjoy beers brewed on-site
6,000 sf
EATING
all of the operations that involve transforming raw ingredients to beer, including :
11,000 sf
DRINKING
BREWERY
48,500 sf
TOTAL INTERIOR 101,000sf
spaces that support the other programs
• restrooms • mechanical • electrical • dry storage • shipping / receiving
program | project proposal 91
9pm 6pm
7am
12am
6pm
6am
12pm
10am rainwater and snowmelt harvested on site could be used for plumbing, or it could be purified and used to make beer.
EVENT / CULTURAL
12pm the beer garden would likely be inactive in the winter, but throughout the rest of the year could be enjoyed from lunchtime onwards.
WATER COLLECTION
the farm might be in use by people during the daylight hours. the differing crops grown here have varying annual cycles
BEER GARDEN
FARM
When will the programs be active?
9pm
this space could host community events, charities, fundraisers, a farmer’s market, performances, and private events that vary according to the seasons.-
1am
9pm
9pm
• grain mill • brewing tanks • coolers • clean-in-place system • labs • offices
• tap room • event space with taps • merchandise • performance space • informal and formal seating
11am restaurant serving local foods
• dining room • kitchen • offices • performance space • informal and formal seating
9am brewing school for amateurs and professionals • teaching brewery • offices • classrooms • tour route • labs
SUPPORT
11am space to enjoy beers brewed on-site
BREWING ACADEMY
all of the operations that involve transforming raw ingredients to beer, including :
DRINKING
BREWERY
9am
EATING
6pm
spaces that support the other programs
• restrooms • mechanical • electrical • dry storage • shipping / receiving
program | project proposal 93
different types of people for different reasons -- aspiring brewers come to learn about the brewing process, college students come to socialize, workers come to unwind, children to learn about the brewery as a part of the culture and economy of the city. All people
can benefit from the public spaces of the project, and the gardens provide an opportunity for St. Louis residents to learn about the ingredients that go into the food and drink that they consume.
workers can relax with friends, family, beer, and food to de-stress after a workday
STUDENTS
The targeted use groups of the project include residents of the surrounding neighborhoods as well as those who will commute to the site. The brewery attracts
WORKERS
Who are the targeted use groups?
breweries and brewpubs are popular with college students
the brewery is a place for amateur brewers to hone their tastes, while the beer academy provides opportunities to learn more and better one’s craft
PROFESSIONAL BREWERS
the combination of carefully crafted beer and locally sourced foods is a draw for any food and drink enthusiast
AMATEUR BREWERS
the semi-industrial program of brewery can be a field trip destination for young children. the students can learn about the science of turning raw ingredients into beer.
FOOD + DRINK ENTHUSIASTS
CHILDREN
FAMILIES
the restaurant and greenspaces appeal to families, who can enjoy recreation time and lunch or dinner at the brewery
professional brewers can earn certification and continuing education credits that they can use in their own brewing operations.
program | project proposal 95
eating
brewing school
water collection
cultural + event
beer garden
drinking
FROM THE CITY
brewery
farm
I N PU TS
O U T P U T S TO T H E C I T Y The machine of the St. Louis Brewing Institute operates at the intersection of each input mechanism, negotiating between the natural and the manmade, the social and the economical. Raw ingredients, people, and other goods are input into the machine, which transforms them into something useful -- beer, food, and knowledge. The outputs disemminate into the city using the same mechanisms by which they came, linking the site-as-machine to the city as a whole and helping it to reach its full potential.
INPUTS FROM THE CITY program | project proposal 97
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Dogfish Head Brewery | DIGSAU Architects This project involves adding a new space onto an existing brewery. Spaces added include offices, laboratories, and retail designed to help reshape the image of the previous building to fit better with the company’s style. The design features large tanks on the exterior and includes bocce courts as part of the exterior component to the new tasting room.
100 precedents
Boulevard Brewing Expansion | el dorado El dorado was hired to complete an expansion onto an existing structure that would allow for the installation of eight new forty foot tall tanks. The space is meant to be fully day-lit, and openings in the floor provide light to spaces below that existed prior to the addition. This building is not publically accessible.
102 precedents
Moritz Brewery | Ateliers Jean Nouvel Nouvel was tasked to rework an existing building into a new public space centered around design, cuising, and culture. The re-fit includes an outdoor terrace, museum, a gastronomic hall and workshop, retail, wine bar, taproom, and microbrewery as well as a restaurant and flexible event space. The architect works with light and transparency to highlight the existing features of the building such as brickwork, vaulted ceilings and floor mosaics.
104 precedents
Private Brewery | Forma Architectural Studio This project includes a long, hangar-like structure housing a restaurant, brewery, and kitchen nestled below a 23 room hotel with a gabled roof.
106 precedents
Schlafly Tap Room | Samuel L. Sherer Schlafly is a Saint Louis beer brand. The Tap Room occupies a the building of a former printing press. Beer is brewed on site and packaged into 750ml bottles and kegs as well as being served in the taproom and restaurant. The Tap Room is a destination for both food and drink, and hosts both special events and performances
108 precedents
Bodega de Sarria Winery | Tabuenca & Leache The growing wine-tourism market drove the Bodega de Sarria Winery to remodel its former fermenting spaces, no longer used due to being outfitted with obsolete technology. The architect claims that the project strives to regain the clarity, simplicity and modesty of the original structure. Featured in the design are the large fermenting tanks constructed of reinforced concrete, washed white and contrasted with the warmer tones of brick and wood throughout the interior.
110 precedents
WBF Lab at UC-Davis | FLAD Architects WBF Lab provides a state of the art space for the study of beer, wine, and food and offers professional degress. The lab building is 31,000sf and provides an extended research environment for the sciences of food, beermaking, and wine making. The structure itself is meant to educate students and researches in sustainable production processes and operating procedures on a facilty scale. The integrated systems allow for the collection of 175,000 gallons of rainwater and captured CO2 from the research fermenters.
112 precedents
REFERENCES 07 Merriam Webster. www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary 09 Merriam Webster. 18 Merriam Webster. 22 Thorstein Veblen. The Theory of the Leisure Class: An Economic Study of Institutions 26 Paul Raymont, University of Toronto. Leibniz’ Distinction Between Artificial and Manmade Machines http://www.bu.edu/wcp/Papers/Mode/ModeRaym.htm 81 Explore Saint Louis. Saint Louis Brewing History. http://explorestlouis.com/visit-explore/discover/st-louis-beer-brewing/ st-louis-beer-history/ 82 Schlafly TapRoom and Schlafly Bottleworks. www.schlafly.com O’Fallon Brewery. www.ofallonbrewery.com 4 Hands Brewing Co. www.4handsbrewery.com Urban Chestnut Brewing Co. www.urbanchestnut.com Anheuser-Busch Brewery. qa.anheuser-busch.com 96 Dogfish Head Brewery. From Archdaily http://www.archdaily.com/181577/dogfish-head-brewery-digsau/ 98 Boulevard Brewing. From Archdaily http://www.archdaily.com/281598/boulevard-brewing-company-cellar-1-expansion-el-dorado/ 100 Fabrica Moritz. From Archdaily http://www.archdaily.com/236233/moritz-brewery-jean-nouvel/ 102 Private Brewery. From Archdaily http://www.archdaily.com/176406/
104 Schlafly Taproom www.schlafly.com 106 Bodega de Sarria Winery. From Archdaily. http://www.archdaily.com/413634/ 108 WBF Lab at UC-Davis. From Archdaily http://www.archdaily.com/168716/
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Image Sources *All aerial and satellite imagery from Google Earth 27 Exploded Isometric Diagram http://www.formulafordzetec.co.uk/formula_ford_zetec_019.htm 76,89,91 Brewing Tanks http://theidleloaf.wordpress.com/2011/04/03/u-district-farmers-market/ 79 Farmland http://images02.olx.in/ui/4/17/25/1378757086_543951225_4-Farm-House-Fruits-Vegetables-Services.jpg 85, 88 Hops Farming roguefarmsblog.wordpress.com/tag/hopyard Class at Siebel Institute www.siebelinstitute.com Class at CWU http://picsbox.biz/key/%20CraftBrewers%20ApprenticeshipSchlafly TapRoom and Schlafly Bottleworks. Brewing Equipment at WBF Lab http://www.archdaily.com/168716/ German Beer Garden 88,90 www.munichbeergardens.com Water Catchment Tank www.grandifloraservices.com/services/rain-water-harvesting/ Sweetwater Brewery Garden www.sweetwaterbrewery.com Beer in Glasses 89, 91 www.schoonerspub.com Little Creatures Brewing www.paulburnham.com.au/LCB1.html WBF Lab at UC-Davis http://www.archdaily.com/176406/ Brewery Storage http://waberbrew.blogspot.com/2012/03/tour-of-monarch-beverage-hosted-by-bob.html
92 Workers Walking http://www.archdaily.com/413634/ Students Walking http://www.archdaily.com/168716/ 93 Family at Table mothersdayrestaurant.net Kids Playing goldengatebridge75.org/partners/education-partners.html Little Creatures Brewing www.paulburnham.com.au/LCB1.html Class at Siebel Institute http://waberbrew.blogspot.com/2012/03/tour-of-monarch-beverage-hosted-by-bob.html Professional Brewer fuzzybrew.com/tag/adam-hargrove 97 Dogfish Head Brewery. From Archdaily http://www.archdaily.com/181577/dogfish-head-brewery-digsau/ 99 Boulevard Brewing. From Archdaily http://www.archdaily.com/281598/boulevard-brewing-company-cellar-1-expansion-el-dorado/ 101 Fabrica Moritz. From Archdaily http://www.archdaily.com/236233/moritz-brewery-jean-nouvel/ 103 Private Brewery. From Archdaily http://www.archdaily.com/176406/ 105 Schlafly Taproom www.schlafly.com 107 Bodega de Sarria Winery. From Archdaily. http://www.archdaily.com/413634/ 109 WBF Lab at UC-Davis. From Archdaily http://www.archdaily.com/168716/
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