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Doutor em sociologia, Flávio Munhoz Sofiati fala sobre a tramitação da PEC que propõe a redução da maioridade penal no Brasil
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Fale um pouco mais sobre esses pontos citados... +=3-+7/8>/ @9-K >/7 ./ ?7 6+.9 ?7+ :<9:9=>+ ./ </.?IH9 .+ 7+39<3.+./ :/8+6 -97 9 .3=-?<=9 ./ =/< ?7+ 7/.3.+ 37/.3+ >+ :+<+ </=96@/< 9 :<9,6/7+ .+ @396K8-3+ 7+= :9< 9?><9 6+.9 9 +4?=>/ 03=-+6 9 :<94/>9 .+ >/<-/3<3C+IH9 ;?/ @+3 :</-+<3C+< +38.+ 7+3= + @3.+ .9 :9@9 ,<+=36/3<9 9 7/? :98>9 ./ @3=>+ =H9 :<94/>9= >9>+67/8>/ -98><+.3>M<39= "9<;?/ =/ 9= +<1?7/8>9= 09==/7 </+3= / =/ 29?@/==/ ./ 0+>9 9 -97 :<973==9 -97 + </.?IH9 .+ @396K8-3+ 38/ @3>+@/67/8>/ >/<3+ ;?/ =/ :/8=+< /7 6/3= / :<94/>9= ;?/ 7/629<+==/7 + @3.+ .9 :9@9
Flávio Munhoz Sofiati
'83@/<=3.+./ ./ %H9 "+?69 '%" +03<7+ ;?/ + 3./3+ ./ </.?IH9 .+ 7+39<3.+./ :/8+6 J /;?3@9-+.+ :93= 8H9 3<E -93,3< + @396K8-3+ 89 :+L= "+<+ /6/ 9 <+=36 8/-/==3>+ ./ :96L >3-+= :P,63-+= /03-3/8>/= :+<+ + 4?@/8>?./ +6J7 ./ ?7+ /-98973+ 09<>/ ;?/ :9==3,363 >/ 9:9<>?83.+./= ./ 38-6?=H9 / ?7+ ,9+ ;?+63.+./ ./ @3.+ +9 49@/7 ,<+=36/3<9 Professor, em que contexto histórico, político e social surge essa proposta de redução da
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Existem países que adotaram a redução da maioridade penal. Qual a sua avaliação sobre isso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ual a sua opinião acerca da amplitude que o debate sobre a redução da maioridade penal está tomando? :9:?6+IH9 /7 1/<+6 =/7:</ ./,+>/?
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/==/ >/7+ / /7 ;?+6;?/< 9:9<>?83.+./ + 1<+8./ 37:</8=+ ><+C 9 +==?8>9 -97 /B/7 :69= ./ -<37/= /B></79= /8@96@/8.9 49@/8= / +.96/=-/8>/= :<38-3:+67/8>/ :/6+ >/6/@3 =H9 -97 9= =/?= :<91<+7+= 49<8+6L=>3-9= +>?+3= /7 ;?/ + 89>L-3+ J 9 /B><+9<.38E<39 / 8H9 9 9<.38E<39 .+8.9 1<+8./ .3@?61+IH9 :+<+ 9= -<37/= 1/<+8.9 ?7 /=:L<3>9 1/<+6 ./ 37:?83.+./ 8+ :9:?6+IH9 9 ;?/ 8H9 J 9 </+6 /@+8.9 /7 -98=3./<+IH9 >9.+= += :/=;?3=+= 38-6?=3@/ += +-+.K73-+= :/<-/ ,/ =/ ;?/ 9= -<37/= /8@96@/8.9 49@/8= /8></ / +89= 8H9 =H9 9= :<9>+1983=>+= .+ @396K8-3+ ==9 ./@/<3+ =/< 6/@+.9 /7 -98=3./<+IH9 +9 =/ :/8=+< 8+ ;?/=>H9 .+ </.?IH9 .+ 7+39<3.+./ :/8+6 %/ 8M= /=>+ 79= </+67/8>/ :</9-?:+.9= /7 </=96@/< 9 :<9,6/7+ >/7+ 1<+@/ 89 <+=36 8M= :</-3 =+79= :/8=+< /7 :96L>3-+= :P,63-+= :+<+ + 4?@/8>?./ :96L>3-+= -98-</>+= 94/ + :<38 -3:+6 :96L>3-+ :P,63-+ .9 =>+.9 :+<+ 9 49@/7 J 9 -E<-/</ + </.?IH9 .+ 7+39<3 .+./ :/8+6 @+3 +7:63+< +38.+ 7+3= /==+ :96L>3-+ :P,63-+ ;?/ J -98><+ + @3.+ No seu ponto de vista, quais as implicações sociais da redução da maioridade penal? ! 19@/<89 @+3 6/1+63C+< +619 ;?/ /B3=>/ :9<;?/ 9= 49@/8= /8></ / +89= +>J 7+3= -/.9 4E =H9 /8-+<-/<+.9= 9 :+==+ .9 4E /B3=>3? + ?8.+IH9 =>+.?+6 .9 /7 =>+< .9 /89< /,/7 ;?/ 294/ =/ -2+7+ ?8.+IH9 +=+ 9 =>+.9 ./ 93E= @9-K >/7 9= -/8><9= ./ </==9-3+63C+ IH9 ;?/ =H9 ,+=3-+7/8>/ -E<-/</= :+<+ 9= 7/89</= ./ 3.+./ 8>H9 + </.?IH9 @+3 :<3 7/3<9 6/1+63C+< +619 ;?/ 9 =>+.9 4E 0+C ;?/ J :</8./< 9= 49@/8= = ?83.+./= ./ 38>/<8+IH9 ,<+=36/3<+= /7 >9.9 9 <+=36 =H9 :</-E<3+= -?7:</7 ?7 :+:/6 ./ </:</= =H9 / 8H9 ./ </==9-3+63C+IH9 .9= 49@/8= Por que a diminuição da maioridade penal não é a solução para o problema da violência?
O Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente precisa mudar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omo o senhor avalia os argumentos dos que defendem a redução da idade penal? != +<1?7/8>9= =H9 ./ -?829 79<+6 / =H9 ,+=/+.+= /7 :/<=:/->3@+= >/96M13-+= 8H9 /B3=>/ + +8E63=/ ./ /=>?.9= / :/=;?3=+= 9 7+3= ><3=>/ J @/< + :?,63-+IH9 ./ 3809< 7+IO/= 8+ 37:</8=+ ><+.3-398+6 / +6>/<8+ >3@+ ;?/ 8H9 =H9 -9<</>+= ! 49@/7 .9 =/B9 7+=-?6389 :9,</ 8/1<9 / ;?/ 79<+ 8+ :/<30/<3+ /=>E 38-9<:9<+8.9 294/ + 031?<+ .+ :/==9+ ;?/ :</-3=+ =/< /B>/<738+.+ Quais os caminhos para conter essa violência e dar melhores condições para o jovem se desenvolver? :<37/3<+ -93=+ J -<3+< ?7+ /=><?>?<+ /-98N73-+ 7+-<9 ./ 38-6?=H9 ! 49@/7 :</-3=+ =/8>3< ;?/ 0+C :+<>/ .+ =9-3/.+./
= 38=>3>?3IO/= /=>H9 /7 -<3=/ :93= 9= 49@/8= 8H9 F= 38-9<:9<+7 6/= -<3>3-+7 + /7:</=+ + 31</4+ 9 =>+.9 9 =38.3-+>9 :9< /B/7:69 :9<;?/ 8/82?7+ ./==+= 38=>3 >?3IO/= -98=/1?3? =?:<3< + 8/-/==3.+./ ./ 38-6?=H9 .9 49@/7 #?+8.9 /6/ =/ =/8>/ :+<>/ /6/ 7?.+ 9 =/? -97:9<>+7/8>9 :+<+ =/ =/8>3< :+<>/ 8M= +.?6>9= :</-3=+79= :+<>362+< :9./< ==9 =318303-+ 0+C/< 7?.+8 I+= /7 89==+= /=><?>?<+= 8+ /=-96+ 8+ 0+7L63+ 8+ ?83@/<=3.+./ 8+ 31</4+ 89 =>+.9 8+ /7:</=+ :9< /B/7:69 8H9 /=>+79= .3=:9=>9= + 0+C/< 3==9 :93= J :</-3 =9 7?3>+ .3=:9=3IH9 As expectativas do jovem não são atendidas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omo os jovens podem alcançar essas conquistas? ><+@J= :9< /B/7:69 ./ :96L>3-+= :P,63 -+= += -98=3./<9 ;?/ 294/ 8H9 >/79= :96L>3-+= @96>+.+= ./ 0+>9 :+<+ + 4?@/8>?./ 89 <+=36 + @/<.+./ /6+= =H9 :9?-+= &/79= 9 %3=>/7+ T83-9 ./ %+P./ %'% / 9 %3=>/7+ ./ "</@3.K8-3+ %9-3+6 ;?/ =H9 :96L>3-+= ;?/ :</-3=+7 =/< :</=/<@+.+= / @+69<3C+.+= 4E -98=963.+.+= / ;?/ 9=
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19@/<89= /7 1/<+6 >/8>+7 9 >/7:9 >9.9 :</-+<3C+< 9 :98>9 ./ @3=>+ .+ ?@/8>? ./ 9 ;?/ =/ >/7 J 9 "<91<+7+ +-398+6 ./ 8-6?=H9 ./ 9@/8= "<9 9@/7 .30?8.3.9 -979 :<38-3:+6 :96L>3-+ :P,63-+ ./ 4?@/8>? ./ 7+= @E<3+= :/=;?3=+= 79=><+7 ;?/ 9 :<91<+7+ J :</-E<39 ;?/ 8H9 -98=/1?/ =?:/<+< + 3./3+ .+= +IO/= +>?+3= /7 >9<89 ./ :<94/>9= / +IO/= '7+ :96L>3-+ :P,63-+ / /03-3/8>/ :</-3=+ =/< 38>/<.3=-3:638+< 38>/<73 83=>/<3+6 -+:+C ./ /8@96@/< ?7 -984?8>9 +,<+81/8>/ ./ :<903==398+3= ;?+6303-+.9= :+<+ :/8=+< ?7+ +IH9 -984?8>+ 7+= 3==9 8H9 /B3=>/ = -9>+= <+-3+3= :9./<3+7 =/< ?7 ,97 /B/7:69 7+= /6+= 8H9 =H9 /0/>3 @+= :/69 0+>9 ./ +38.+ ./:/8./< .+ .3=:9=3 IH9 .+= 38=>3>?3IO/= ./ /8=389 /7 +.9>E 6+= No Brasil, também temos um problema ligado ao extermínio de jovens. Qual o perfil do jovem que está sendo exterminado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