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ESPAÇO PARA FOMENTAR O DEBATE, OS ARTIGOS PUBLICADOS NESTA SEÇÃO NÃO TRADUZEM A OPINIÃO DO JORNAL
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Relatório da Unesco aponta 12 milhões de brasileiros analfabetos. Isso corresponde à 8,6% da população
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
Mulheres: dois terços dos analfabetos do mundo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
0?8-398+3=P "9 <+=36 =/1?8.9 9= .+.9= .9 + /=-96+<3.+./ ./ 297/8= / 7?62/</= /8></ / +89= +:</=/8>9? /@96?GF9 :9=3>3@+ /8></ / +?7/8>+8.9 631/3<+7/8>/ += .30/</8G+=
/7 0+@9< .+= 7?62/</= /7 /=:/-3+6 89 +-/==9 +9 8=389 '?:/<39< # 8.3-+.9< .9 60+,/>3=79 ?8-398+6 8+0 ;?/ 7/8=?<+ 9= 8J@/3= ./ +60+,/>3=79 .+ :9:?6+GF9 +.?6>+ ,<+=36/3<+ +:98>+ ;?/ >+8>9
:+<+ 297/8= ;?+8>9 :+<+ 7?62/</= 29?@/ </.?GF9 /7 :98>9= :/<-/8 >?+3= ./ +8+60+,/>9= 38.9 ./ /7 :+<+ /7 */4+ +-37+ + >+,/6+ ./>+62+.+ .9= 8J@/3= ./ +8+60+,/>3=79 :9< =/A9
Países não alcançarão metas estabelecidas até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<9= 89 +-/==9 D /.?-+GF9 :/=+< .9 </6+>K<39 +:98>+< ;?/ 7?3>9= :+J=/= +6-+8G+<+7 +@+8G9= =318303-+>3@9= 89= M6>379= +89= + .3</>9<+ 1/<+6 .+ )8/=-9 <38+ 959@+ +03<7+ 89 .9-?7/8 >9 ;?/ 9 /=>?.9 ./3A+ -6+<9 ;?/ .+= =/3= 7/>+= ;?/ 38>/1<+7 9 -9<.9 ./ +-+< 8/82?7+ ./@/ =/< +>3813.+ 169,+67/8>/ +>H 9 :<+B9 /=>3:?6+.9 O)7 =3=>/7+ /.?-+-398+6 =97/8>/ :9./ =/< >F9 ,97 ;?+8>9 =/?= /.?-+.9
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