Trust News February 2015 by National Trust of Western Australia

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GALLIPOLI OAKS

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National Trust Heritage Festival 2015 Conflict and Compassion

There are so many interesting events to explore in April and May. Plan ahead for the 2015 heritage festival to discover things about places from across every region of Australia.

NATIONAL TRUST HERITAGE FESTIVAL

CONFLICT + COMPASSION

2015 www.nationaltrustfestival.org.au

ISSN: 1835-2316 Vol 9 No 1 2015 Trust News is published quarterly for National Trust members and subscribers in February, May, August and November. Publication is coordinated by the National Trust of Australia (WA) on behalf of the National Trusts of Australia and supported by the Department of Environment. National Trust of Australia (WA) ABN 83 697 381 616 PO Box 1162 West Perth WA 6872 T: 08 9321 6088 F: 08 9324 1571 W:www.ntwa.com.au Editor: Gina Pickering gina.pickering@ntwa.com.au T: 08 9321 6088 Advertising: For advertising rates, contact the Editor. Design: Dessein Graphics Cover: Smoking ceremony at 57 Murray Street, Perth. M Poon Next Issue: May 2015 Copy deadline:10 March 2015 Please help us to save our environment and circulate this magazine as widely as possible. This magazine is printed on recyclable paper and packed in 100% degradable wrap. The views expressed in Trust News are not necessarily those of the National Trusts or the Department of Environment. The articles in this magazine are subject to copyright. No article may be used without the consent of the National Trust and the author.

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with editor Gina Pickerin g Greetings In the first edition of Trust News Australia for 2015, a far reaching National Trust program brings Gallipoli Oaks to schools across Victoria. There’s an endearing yarn from Queensland about a soldier’s socks to touch your heart, while in the west a powerful smoking ceremony brings reconciliation to a place with a difficult past. A cluster of significant National Trust anniversaries also features in this edition. They reflect diverse cultural heritage values, reach deeply into communities and many are supported by federal funding. You might find some surprises among them. Enjoy

Gina Pickering | Editor

Inside 4

Valuing heritage milestones

Gallipoli Oaks Project

Theatrical strolls bring Hobart to life

A Tenterfield moment

Safe Keeping

A 50th anniversary milestone

Reaching out

Trust online

Your national magazine

A symbol of the times and trends

Protecting Our Living Heritage

National Trust Heritage Festival Celebrates 35 Years

Wanslea wins in cancer wellness and heritage values

Sustainable heritage serves School of Early Learning

Heritage goes digital and mobile in the town of Willunga

Unique Port Pirie Heritage

Jim’s Socks: the search for a soldier who called himself Jim

Baby 700, Gallipoli

A Woman of Vision

31 Country Houses in 21 Days

The Magnificence of Charles Meere

TRUST NEWS AUSTRALIA FEBRUARY 2015

PERSPECTIVES

Valuing heritage milestones GREG HUNT MP | MINISTER FOR THE ENVIRONMENT

This month includes a number of important milestones for Australia’s heritage. The month marks the 50th anniversary of the Australian Council of National Trusts (ACNT) and the 70th anniversary of the National Trust of NSW. It is also the 50th anniversary of the ‘Freedom Rides’ that took place in Moree in 1965. The ‘Freedom Rides’ are recognised by the inclusion of the Moree Baths and Swimming Pool on the National Heritage List.

he ACNT was established in 1965 to represent all the National Trust organisations around Australia. Its longevity and contribution to heritage over the last 50 years is a credit to the ACNT’s members and the ACNT’s ongoing commitment to the promotion and conservation of Australia’s Indigenous, natural and historic heritage. The Australian Government has provided funding to support the work of the ACNT since 1966. Funding to the individual state and territory trusts commenced in the mid 1970s. Collectively the National Trusts own or manage over 300 heritage places, manage a volunteer workforce of thousands of people and employ hundreds of people around Australia. February is a double celebration for the National Trust in NSW. February is also their 70th anniversary. The Trust movement began in Australia in 1945 in NSW by virtue of the efforts of Annie Wyatt whose desire to establish an organisation to conserve and protect historic buildings and natural places led to the establishment of the National Trust of Australia (NSW). I congratulate this remarkable organisation for their seven decades of dedication to Australia’s heritage.

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This month marks 50 years since a group of university students, led by a young Dr Charles Perkins, left Sydney by bus to highlight the discrimination faced by Aboriginal people in rural NSW. The Freedom Riders, as they came to be known, arrived in Moree on 15 February 1965. In Moree, the group discovered that Aboriginal people were excluded from the local swimming pool. Following a public meeting that agreed that the by-law excluding Aboriginal people from the pool should be removed, the Freedom Riders left Moree. When Aboriginal children were refused entry to the pool in the following days, the Freedom Riders returned to Moree to renew their protest.

The events that took place at the Moree Baths and Swimming Pool were a seminal symbolic moment in the Australian Indigenous civil rights movement and brought Dr Charles Perkins AO into national prominence. It was here that his tactic of confronting people with awkward truths about their treatment of Aborigines first emerged in a public context. The Moree Baths and Swimming Pool Complex was inscribed as the 100th place on the National Heritage List in September 2013. I would like to take the opportunity to recognise these important anniversaries, and the ongoing importance of remembering the people and places that have made a rich contribution to Australian heritage.

Perkins at a polling booth in Redfern, NSW, 1963/Robert McFarlane. National Library of Australia. 6001058

TRUST NEWS AUSTRALIA FEBRUARY 2015

PERSPECTIVES

Gallipoli Oaks Project PAUL ROSER | SENIOR MANAGER ADVOCACY & CONSERVATION, NATIONAL TRUST (VIC)

As part of its commitment to celebrate and preserve our environmental heritage, the National Trust of Australia (Vic), has identified the Gallipoli Oak Tree (Quercus coccifera subsp. calliprinos) as a symbolic link between the Centenary of ANZAC, the people of Turkey and the primary school children of Victoria.

o bring this link to life the Trust plans to propagate up to 2,000 juvenile Gallipoli Oaks, which will be planted in Victorian primary school grounds during remembrance ceremonies between 2015 and 2018. The project will include i nt e r p re t ive m at e r i al t h at communicates the story of the Gallipoli Oaks during World War One, the process of propagation and conveys an enduring relationship with the Turkish people. Peter Whitelaw, Life Governor of the Shrine of Remembrance Melbourne is honorary Chair of the project. The Gallipoli Campaign of World War One took place between the 25 April 1915 and 9 January 1916 on the Gallipoli Peninsula, in modern south-west Turkey. The campaign was the first major battle undertaken in the war by Australia and New Zealand troops. In Turkey

the battle is also perceived as a defining moment in the history of the Turkish people. Small prickly oak trees (now known as the Gallipoli Oak) grow along the ridges and valleys of the peninsula. Acorns were collected by several soldiers during the campaign and sent or brought back to Australia where some were subsequently planted. General (Sir) John Monash wrote to his wife in November 1915: “I am sending in a separate packet, a few acorns. I have made the discovery that the prickly scrub, with which these hills are covered, and which has inflicted many an unkind scratch on hands, arms and bare knees, is really a species of holly, and bears an acorn, showing that it belongs to the Oak variety. The bush is quite ornate and grows to a height of about 5 feet, much like the ordinary holly with the red berry.”

Captain William Lampriere Winter-Cooke also collected acorns and planted them in 1916 in Victoria at the family property near Hamilton in western Victoria. Several offspring have been planted from this tree, including those at Geelong Grammar, the Royal Botanic Gardens and the Shrine of Remembrance. There are likely to be other trees from these sources growing across Victoria. Quercus calliprinos is a small to medium-sized tree or large shrub seldom reaching more than 5m tall. It is evergreen, with spinyserrated leaves 3 to 5 cm long and 1.5 to 3 cm broad. The acorns are 2 to 3 cm long when mature. The project is supported by the RSL (Victoria), the History Teachers’ Association of Victoria, Military History & Heritage Victoria and by funding from Danks Trust, Mr Robin Hunt and the Victorian Government.

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assembled for the first commemorative planting for the Gallipoli Oaks project at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Melbourne, November 2014. D Simmonds Excellency General the Honourable Sir Peter Cosgrove AK MC (Retd) plants the first commemorative Gallipoli Oak. D Simmonds 5

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Minister for Veterans Affairs Hugh Delahunty said: “The Gallipoli Oak is synonymous with Australia’s World War One campaign. Today there are a handful of these Gallipoli Oaks planted from acorns from the original tree at Murndal. This project will ensure a new generation of Gallipoli Oaks at our primary schools will help this important connection to our ANZACs endure.” The trees will be propagated from acorns donated and collected from parent trees located in Australia and grown to a size suitable for planting by horticulture experts including Nationwide Trees, Mt William Advanced Trees, Smith and Gordon Nursery and the Friends of Burnley Gardens. The trees ready for planting will become progressively available between 2015 and 2018. Partnerships between primary schools and RSL sub-branches will be encouraged to plan the planting ceremonies. Plaques and a sturdy tree guard will be provided for each school. This project is designed to align with the national Australian Curriculum for primary schools: Year 3 – Community and Remembrance. An education kit will include an e-book prepared with support from the History Teachers’ Association of Victoria and will communicate the story of the Gallipoli Oaks during World War One, the process of propagation and convey our enduring relationship with the Turkish people. FURTHER INFORMATION www.gallipolioaks.org ABOVE State

winners of the National History Challenge Meagan Lee and Archit Chadha with Will Jones, Curator, Arboriculture, Royal Botanic Gardens, Melbourne. D Simmonds

TRUST NEWS AUSTRALIA FEBRUARY 2015

In 2015 Australia commemorates the Centenary of ANZAC. From Albany to Atherton, war touched young lives on battlefields and families at home. For many Australians Gallipoli has forged a national identity. Conflict and compassion reach deep into Australia’s community psyche. Endurance and sacrifice are measured through Indigenous history, the Australian Frontier and during the centenary of World War One. For many Australians the darkest of hours and the most hopeful of moments are also found in extraordinary stories of courage and kindness beyond times of war.

A TASTE OF THIS YEAR’S EVENTS

HISTORY COMES ALIVE – GALLIPOLI, BEFORE AND BEYOND The Victorian National Trust Heritage Festival 2015: Conflict & Compassion will be officially launched at the opening ceremony for the History Comes Alive - Gallipoli, Before and Beyond Living History Weekend. As part of the 100th Anniversary of the landings in Gallipoli, the Geelong Military Re-enactment Group and the Military Historical Society Geelong in association with the National Trust are presenting two days of action and exhibitions at the historic Barwon Park Mansion. Experience battlefield re-enactments with blank firing and pyrotechnics where the action will occur in and around a specially dug trench system with firing of machine guns and personal weapons.

H E R I TA G E F E S T I VA L

VICTORIA Event: History Comes Alive – Gallipoli, Before and Beyond Place: Barwon Park Mansion, Winchelsea When: Saturday 18 to Sunday 19 April Description: Visit various encampments of soldiers from Napoleonic, British and French units, from WWI, WWII Australian, British, US, Greek, Russian and German units and Australian troops from the Vietnam conflict. Uniforms, weapons, equipment and restored military vehicles including armoured cars and tanks will be on display and in action.

TASMANIA

QUEENSLAND Event: Great Houses of Ipswich Place: Ipswich When: Saturday 9 May Description: Visit a trio of outstanding heritage residences in Queensland’s oldest provincial city, Ipswich.

Event: A conversation with Dan Mori Place: Grand Chancellor Ballroom, Hobart When: Saturday 9 May Description: Dan Mori was lawyer to David Hicks, former detainee at Guantanamo Bay.

SOUTH AUSTRALIA WESTERN AUSTRALIA Event: The Very Vintage Day Out 2015 Place: Ascot Racecourse When: Sunday 19 April Description: The Very Vintage Day Out (VVDO), where lovers of all things vintage come together to celebrate with all day entertainment, shopping, high tea, and vintage glamour. Performers entertain guests and Miss Vintage will be crowned.

Event: In the footsteps of Saint Mary MacKillop Place: St Francis Xavier Cathedral, 39 Wakefield St, Adelaide When: Monday 13 April Description: Launch of a selfguided walking trail in the City of Adelaide in the Adelaide City Explorer mobile app marking significant places and stories associated with Australia’s first saint, Sister Mary MacKillop.

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NORTHERN TERRITORY

Event: Your Friend the Enemy Place: S.H. Ervin Gallery exhibition When: Friday 17 Aprilto Saturday 23 May

Event: Barbara James Memorial Lecture Place: The NT Library, Parliament House Phone: (08) 8981 2848 for further information

Description: An exhibition featuring artworks by 16 significant Australian and New Zealand artists commemorating the ANZAC legend and the centenary of the Gallipoli campaign.

ACT Event: Canberra and Region Festival Open Day at Mugga-Mugga, Place: Mugga Mugga When: Sunday 3 May Description: Discover Mugga Mugga, a shepherd’s cottage once part of the Duntroon Estate, which offers fascinating insights into rural living in the 19th and 20th centuries.

The 2015 National Trust Heritage Festival Guide will be available in March. Or visit the National Trust website in your state: www.nationaltrustfestival.org.au

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NO.1 ON TRIPADVISOR!

Theatrical strolls bring Hobart to life BECKY SHRIMPTON | BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT MANAGER NATIONAL TRUST (TAS)

The number one attraction for Hobart on TripAdvisor is now the National Trust’s Penitentiary Chapel Historic Site (The Tench), and earlier this year the site was voted 6th top landmark in Australia in the TripAdvisor People’s Choice Awards. Visitors are captivated by the stories of prisoners, guards, trials and executions and praise the passion and knowledge of the Trust’s volunteer guides who lead guests through the courts and tunnels to the chapel, solitary confinement cells and gallows.

The National Trust of Tasmania has partnered with a successful theatrical tourism company to present new ‘strolling theatre’ experiences as regular activities at its two Hobart sites – Penitentiary Chapel and Runnymede.

o Mercy is based on the trial of convict Mary McLauchlan, the first woman to be hanged in Van Diemen’s Land. It is presented at 4.30pm daily at the Penitentiary Chapel Historic Site, just a few minutes’ walk from the Hobart CBD. Dubbed by its original inhabitants as The Tench, the site was the convict prisoners’ barracks for Hobart Town and is one of the most significant convict sites in Australia. Some 50,000 male convicts passed through the complex, which later became Hobart Gaol for more than 100 years. Sections of the original chapel were converted into two Supreme Courts, and it is here that No Mercy, written by Chris Cornish, is performed by a group of actors in a 40-minute performance that moves from one courtroom to the other, transporting the audience from Scotland to 19th Century

Tasmania in a moving and thought provoking portrayal of hardship and injustice. It’s a major contrast to the second production, titled Take Tea with Harriet (written and played by Judith Cornish), which showcases a very different side of colonial life in Tasmania. It is set in the beautifully conserved homestead of Runnymede, just eight minutes’ drive from Hobart CBD, en route to MONA. Participants join an actor playing the role of one of the house’s earlier inhabitants, a whaling captain’s daughter, for a 35-minute stroll, concluding with a light afternoon tea in the drawing room. Offered Wednesdays and Fridays and 3pm, and Sundays at 3.30pm. Both theatrical experiences must be booked in advance, through the National Trust’s new online booking website http:// nationaltrusttas.rezdy.com or by

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phone +61 3 6229 8959 or mobile 0437 276 417. There is a discount for National Trust members. This booking site also lists other experiences available at The Tench and Runnymede, ranging from ghost nights and conservation tours to musicals, high teas and antique fairs – with all access by guided tour or events only. (Day tours are free to National Trust members). Some visitors are combining a guided tour with a theatre experience to gain a much richer understanding through a full afternoon of discovery and enjoyment. Both sites are also now members of Business Events Tasmania and are available for conference and convention cocktail functions and group activities. Contact: sophie. bleach@nationaltrusttas.org.au for full details.

Mercy is performed daily at The Tench - Penitentiary Chapel Historic Site. E&S Photography Take Tea with Harriet- a new strolling theatre at Runnymede Historic House & Gardens. E&S Photography

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A Tenterfield moment KEN HALLIDAY

Celebrations for the 125th anniversary of Sir Henry Parkes’ Federation call to the people in the Tenterfield School of Arts have created another Tenterfield moment.

he Prime Minister, the Hon. Tony Abbott in an address to more than 80 people in the very same room that Parkes had delivered his famous oration on October 24, 1889, issued a challenge for a national conversation about the future of federalism. Mr Abbott made a call to arms for Government leaders to participate in a grown up debate about reforming federation, starting a process aimed at giving Australians a more rational system of government. The key to success would be to firstly define

the boundaries of responsibilities between Federal, State and Local Government. The Prime Minister’s address carried a remarkable resemblance to Parkes’ 1889 oration as described by English journalist Christie Murray....’his utterance was plain, straightforward and with the speaker’s sterling belief in the greatness of his theme, the character of the hour was strikingly evident’. The mere aspect and manner would have been remarkable anywhere but especially so in the

unpretentious Sir Henry Parkes National Memorial School of Arts, where for another time the voice of an authoritative statesman gave soul and utterance to the aspirations of a people. The Friends of the Sir Henry Parkes Memorial School of Arts (a National Trust Committee) again hosted this year’s celebrations which also included the presence of two direct descendants of Sir Henry Parkes.

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Reid points to an image of his grandfather, J H Reid, included in the glass wall designed to commemorate a banquet in his honour. C Moon of the Friends of the Sir Henry Parkes Memorial School of Arts, Peter Jeffrey, presented Prime Minister Tony Abbott with a Medallion to commemorate his visit. P Reid LEFT Greeting the Prime Minster Mr Abbott were Joanne and Brian Scarsbrick (National Trust CEO, Sydney) and Margaret and Peter Jeffrey (Chair of the Friends of the School of Arts). P Reid RIGHT The original banqueting hall where Sir Henry Parkes made his speech. P Reid ABOVE RIGHT Chairman

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Safe Keeping

Murray Street

GINA PICKERING | EDITOR

Reconciliation is a priority commitment for the National Trusts across Australia. In Perth, it has provided a new future for an old building. 57 Murray Street is a place which has attracted much attention over the last two years as a major conservation and adaptive reuse project for the National Trust in Western Australia. $4.7million worth of heritage conservation and interpretation has rendered an outstanding outcome in a vital city precinct. The State Government constructed the two storey brick and stone building to house the Medical and Health Department and Colonial Secretary’s Office in 1912. While associations with public health have had a continuous impact on the Western Australian community through innovation, campaigns and discoveries, 57 Murray Street’s connection to Aboriginal lives over generations has created a long and painful legacy.

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Elder Neville Collard leads the ceremony through the east side gate used by Aborigines at 57 Murray Street. M Poon BOTTOM Light plays on the smoke during the ceremony. M Poon RIGHT Brett Collard manages fire and smoke. M Poon

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ith advice from the National Trust’s Aboriginal Advisory Committee, a smoking ceremony was held in and around the building to cleanse the place, its energy, and the strong emotions associated with the far reaching impact of policies and practices enacted by government officers, including Chief Protector of Aborigines Auber Octavius (AO) Neville who worked from 57 Murray Street from 1926 to 1940. From this building the systematic control of day to day lives of Aboriginal people was orchestrated, including the removal of children from families. Noongar Elder Neville Collard led the process. He gathered a range of locally grown flora for the ceremony which included Banksia and foliage from Peppermint and Paperbark trees as well as resin from the Balga tree. “I believe it is a responsibility of the Noongars of the Whadjuk and the Yuet and the Ballardong people who live all around the Swan River and I feel the importance of doing it on behalf of all the other Aboriginal people,” Mr Collard said.

According to Noongar Elder Marie Taylor, the outcome of the smoking ceremony was for people to know the place has been cleansed so they don’t have to be afraid when visiting the building. “The aim is settle the spirits so that whoever comes into this building in the future will be able to settle here peacefully and quietly,” she said. Chair of the National Trust Aboriginal Advisory Committee, Irene Stainton described the implications of the ceremony as huge not only for the Whadjuk but Western Australia-wide. The smoking ceremony followed the path that Aboriginal people were forced to follow along the eastern passageway – they were not permitted to use the front entrance. Neville Collard closed the ceremony with a minute’s silence to reflect on the policies that had been imposed, not only on Noongar people, but on Aboriginal people right across Australia. National Trust of Western Australia CEO Tom Perrigo reflected on the moving ceremony saying words can never reflect the injustices of the past, but love, action and respect can move us all forward.

FAR RIGHT (TOP TO BOTTOM) 1. Chapparrall Blurton crushes Balga resin prior to the ceremony. M Poon 2. Rich crushed resin. M Poon 3. Whadjuk Elder Marie Taylor prepares for the smoking ceremony. M Poon 4. The smoking ceremony proceeds to the first floor. M Poon RIGHT 57

Murray Street, Perth. M Poon

TRUST NEWS AUSTRALIA FEBRUARY 2015

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Anniversary

A 50th anniversary milestone DR PETER DOWLING | NATIONAL HERITAGE OFFICER NATIONAL TRUSTS OF AUSTRALIA

The Australian Council of National Trusts (ACNT) represents the Australian National Trust movement at the national level with a vision of a nation celebrating and conserving its cultural, Indigenous and natural heritage for present and future generations.

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Royal National Park NSW established world’s second national park.

World’s first National Trust established in England, Wales and Northern Ireland [NTUK]

National Parks Association formed in Qld first in Australia.

National Trust of Australia (New South Wales) formed [NTNSW]. The Trust campaigns to save Macquarie Street’s The Mint, Hyde Park Barracks, St James’ Church and Parliament House from demolition.

First attempt made to establish National Trust in Tasmania.

National Trust for Historic Preservation (USA) formed.

National Trust of Australia (South Australia) formed [NTSA]

National Trust of Australia (Victoria) formed [NTVIC].

Roachdale Reserve, Mt Lofty Ranges, first property donated to NTSA.

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Hill Consolidated School and Franklyn Scholar students at Endeavour Fern Gully, Red Hill, Victoria. NTVIC

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Old Government House, Parramatta. NTNSW

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ational programs, initiatives and commitments to a range of community heritage outcomes are achieved through the National Trust movement with the support of Australian Government funding. The ACNT celebrates its 50th anniversary in 2015 and its role is reflected in the foundation of heritage values and diverse programs. The ACNT story began in December 1962, at a meeting attended by representatives from each of the New South Wales, Victorian, Tasmanian, South Australian and Western Australian National Trusts. A resolution was passed in favour of the formation of a federal body to represent the state National Trusts. On 5 February 1965, the ACNT was incorporated as a non-profit company. The Governor General, Lord De L’Isle, accepted the office of Patron-in-Chief of the Council. The inaugural meeting of the ACNT was held two weeks later in Canberra, with elected ACNT delegates from all foundation member Trusts attending. At this first meeting the National Trust of South Australia was represented by an observer. Mr Justice McClemens, a strong conservationist, was elected the Chairman of the Council and the NSW Trust accepted temporary responsibility for the administration.

The NSW Trust reported on the foundation event of the ACNT in their Bulletin (April 1965): An outstanding feature of the inaugural meeting was the readiness of delegates to adopt a broad national approach to the conservation of Australia’s heritage of historic buildings and natural beauty. The ACNT also resolved to support state Trusts in ‘the preservation of areas of national, historical, antiquarian, scientific, artistic, architectural or cultural interest (including Aboriginal relics, Aboriginal rock carvings and paintings and archaeological and historical sites) and expressed its concern at the developmental activities of private and public bodies which threaten areas of natural beauty and flora and fauna’. The new ACNT also accepted as one of its first tasks the compilation of a list of buildings, monuments and other objects having a special national significance. This concept of identifying and listing places of national significance eventually led to the present National Heritage Register.

REFERENCES

Letter to South Australian National Trust President by L.J.R. Morgan, 1963, ACNT Files, History ANT1/4. National Trust of Australia (New South Wales), 1965, ‘Australian Council of National Trusts’, National Trust Bulletin, No. 17, April, 1965. ABOVE The

ACNT’s annual National History Challenge rewards quality research and community resources.

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National Trust of Australia (Western Australia) formed [NTWA]. NTVIC purchased Como House, its first property.

National Trust of Australia (Tasmania) formed [NTTAS] in Launceston.

NTNSW submits first recommendations for Aboriginal relics’ legislation to government. NTNSW makes its first property purchase, Experiment Farm Cottage in Harris Farm. Franklin House in Launceston opened by National Trust Tasmania.

Clarendon, via Evandale, one Australia’s great Georgian houses, given to NTTAS.

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The ACNT sought Commonwealth legislation to assist the National Trusts and other government and non-government agencies in the conservation of places of heritage significance. It also agreed to negotiate with National Trust bodies overseas to establish reciprocal rights for Trust members. This has led to free access to National Trust properties throughout Australia and overseas for Trust.

1963 National Trust of Queensland formed [NTQLD]. Old Farm, Strawberry Hill Albany is first property vested in NTWA.

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1965

NTVic campaigns to save Melbourne’s Capitol Theatre first 20th Century building classified by a NT.

National Trusts form a national coordinating body, the Australian Council of National Trusts [ACNT] based in Sydney.

1966 NTVIC introduces a new classification, ‘Notable Towns’. Maldon, a 1850s gold mining town, receives the first award.

Clarendon, via Evandale. NTTAS Farm, Strawberry Hill, Albany. NTWA

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Reaching out ENZO SIRNA, CHANTELLE DANIELS AND NICOLE BRAME | NATIONAL TRUST (WA)

Education underpins a fundamental role for the National Trusts in Australia. In conserving and interpreting our nation’s heritage, it provides leadership in valuing the richness of our natural, Aboriginal and historic heritage at all levels and across all age ranges.

hrough the National Trusts Partnerships Program (NTPP) for Education, the National Trusts have developed and resourced education programs primarily linked to the Australian Curriculum which are delivered at National Trust places, schools and other Australian heritage places and events of significance. Initially 32 education schools programs have been implemented via the Australian Curriculum through history and other crosscurricula learning areas. The Trusts are expanding their education programs to include online interactive programs to cover all age ranges, including seniors. “The NTTP Education Program has assisted in creating a unified, national platform of leading edge heritage education programs, formal and non-formal, which will ensure the National Trusts remain national education leaders in the promotion and awareness of the significance, values, richness and

diversity of Australia’s heritage,” program coordinator, Enzo Sirna explained. “Through our schools programs we aim to inspire the next generation to recognise the value of our heritage,” he added. Na t i o n a l Tr u s t schools education programs linked to the Curriculum include a schoolroom that offers a unique record of early education, architecture and colonial life in South Australia allowing teachers and students to reflect on how schools and education have changed over time.

At Old Government House, the oldest remaining public building in Australia, the program focuses on first contact between Aboriginal people the arrival of the Europeans. In Melbourne a program for secondary students incorporates a real life drama experience and students engage with forensic and legal processes. This takes place in the heart of crime, law and order in the city since the 1840s as the Old Melbourne Goal precinct incorporates Melbourne’s oldest prison, the historic Magistrate’s Court and former Police City Watch House.

Hou Wang Temple in north Queensland was the social and religious heart of a Chinese community attracted by gold in the late 1800s. Atherton’s Chinatown site and the temple allow students

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Education Officer Diana Frylinck enjoys enthusiastic students at Peninsula Farm in metropolitan Perth. G Pickering Old Melbourne Gaol Watch House Experience. NTVIC BOTTOM RIGHT Educational experiences draw on Chinese heritage at Hou Wang Temple. NTQLD TOP RIGHT

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NTSA joins ACNT, making it fully representative of all six state National Trusts. NTNSW publishes first Register. Old Government House occupied.

ACNT drafts heritage guidelines for NTs to seek to enact in each state and compiles List of Buildings of National Importance.

NTNSW takes central role in campaign for establishment of first coastal national park in NSW beyond Sydney region at Myall Lakes and to stop beach mining.

NTs adopt new Australia-wide system of two-tier classification. NTNSW opposes government plans to demolish the Rocks, Sydney – Australia’s oldest urban area. NTWA begins acquiring and restoring buildings in Greenough Hamlet.

After a long heritage battle, NTVIC acquires Rippon Lea and Historic Buildings Council adopted as first Register of NTVIC classified buildings.

Completion of conservation of Charters Towers Stock Exchange, owned by NTQLD, first major conservation project undertaken in Queensland. The Commonwealth’s National Trust of Australia (Tasmania) Act enacted.

National Trust of Australia (ACT) (NTACT) formed. National Trust of Australia (Northern Territory) formed. NTVIC played a leading part in Collins Street defence in Melbourne. NTWA implemented declaration of York as a Historic Town.

NTNSW opened SH Ervin Museum and Art Gallery at NT headquarters, Observatory Hill, Sydney.

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Carillion, Canberra. L Davie Charters Towers Stock Exchange. NTQLD

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Trust online to study Australia’s development, focussing on Chinese settlers from 1900 onwards. In Tasmania students explore, recognise and appreciate the history of Runnymede and the New Town area through the lives of three families who resided in this 1836 villa. A program for secondary students focuses on whaling in colonial Tasmania. Peninsula Farm in Perth offers a unique opportunity to explore the first years of European settlement in Western Australia. Students tour the homestead, the earliest residence still standing in the metro area, and engage in meaningful, hands-on activities at this, one of the first farms in the Swan River Colony. Lastly, as part of our involvement with the National History Challenge, the Australian Council of National Trusts offers a special category - Australia’s Heritage within the theme for this annual competition managed by the History Teachers’ Association of Australia. The competition gives students a chance to research Australia’s past and its varied cultures, investigating their community and exploring their own roots.

Anniversary

YARRAN QUINT | NATIONAL TRUST (NSW)

The National Trust website brings together eight individual state and territory websites into one centralised website. Launched in 2012, the website now attracts more than 60,000 visitors a month. The National Trust’s digital presence is developing new income streams and evolving to attract new, younger audiences.

ith the support of the federal Department of Environment, the Trust is upgrading its website (www.nationaltrust.org.au) to support the growth of National Trust digital and online programs. Improvements to design and functionality are making it easier to access and participate in Trust heritage initiatives, and learn more about places, collections and cultural events throughout Australia. Key National Trust special interest sites such as National Trust Heritage Festival, National Trust Significant Trees and the Federal Government’s Community Heritage Website are easily accessed. On-line shopping brings Trust retailing to the forefront of contemporary shopping technologies and helps to raise much-needed funds for Australia’s largest not-for-profit organisation.

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Como House, South Yarra, Victoria Year 1 & 2 Education Program Students. NTVIC

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1981

1982

NTVIC moves its headquarters into Melbourne’s Tasma Terrace, saved in one of the Trust’s biggest preservation battles. NTACT conducts a study of the nationally important Murrumbidgee area over concerns another Canberra town centre was to be built beside the river. NTQLD opposes demolition of Brisbane’s Bellevue Hotel - its destruction draws wide criticism and promotes heritage interest in Qld.

NTVIC initiates Heritage Week and ACNT agrees to consider an annual national heritage week celebrated in each state/territory on the same dates.

With ACNT support, Heritage Week becomes fully national. Held by all National Trusts, it is Australia’s largest community heritage event.

NTVIC leads campaign to save Olderfleet, Rialto Buildings and King Street buildings in central Melbourne.

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1984 NTNT leads successful campaign against government plan to demolish Darwin’s Myilly Point houses for new casino.

1985 ACNT produces a submission to the Commonwealth – Review of the Commonwealth Government’s Role in the Conservation of the National Estate – 1985.

1986 New national symbol (gum leaves) adopted by ACNT and all NTs. Jones Lang Wootton sponsors ACNT Australian Heritage Award (five year sponsorship): first award to No. 1 Collins St, Melbourne (Olderfleet Buildings). Restoration of Adelaide River Railway Station, saved by local NT members, was completed for NTNT.

Tasma Terrace, Melbourne. NTVIC 15

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A C N T A N N I V E R S A RY

N RALIA AU S T F O CIL CO U N S TS U R AL T N O I AT

Anniversar

Your national magazine GINA PICKERING | EDITOR

Trust News Australia aims to increase the knowledge, awareness, understanding and commitment to conservation and interpretation of cultural heritage (natural, Aboriginal, historic) for National Trust members and the broader community.

his nationally distributed quarterly publication is available online and in hard copy to National Trust members. As a major National Trust education and learning tool, Trust News Australia provides coverage of National Trust activities and events, while reporting on national and international heritage issues. Guest writers also contribute to the magazine. The process of online publication and electronic distribution was developed as part of the National Trusts Partnerships Program in 2013-2014 and serves to ensure accessibility and sustainability of the magazine. Trust News Australia was first produced in 2007 as an initiative of the National Trusts of Australia. 2015 will consolidate the transition of Trust News Australia to a leading online heritage publication.

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1995

NTQLD successfully lobbies government to retain three historic buildings on Brisbane’s World Exposition site.

ACNT Bicentennial program - Amatil gives $1.6m, Commonwealth Bank $0.5m for nationally significant NT buildings.

NTSA ceases Register due to new state Register. SA’s Millicent and Naracoorte museums fully accredited by History Trust. NTQLD publishes political party platforms on heritage before elections.

Reciprocal rights established between ACNT and seven overseas trusts, including in Malaysia, Barbados, Fiji and the Netherlands.

The NT movement in Australia has 74,665 members, 7,255 volunteers and 304 staff.

Darwin CBD heritage study undertaken for NTNT. NTSA produces East End Market Concept for Adelaide incorporating balanced development and conservation which is implemented by developers.

Strong lobbying by NTs helped gain Australian taxation incentives for privately owned heritage-listed properties.

ACNT assists Cape Town Heritage Trust in establishing a National Trust in South Africa.

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Keith Jarvis, volunteer. NTWA

TRUST NEWS AUSTRALIA FEBRUARY 2015

AL T R ION US AT 1959

A C N T A N N I V E R S A RY

2009 F

A) STRALIA (W

A symbol of the times and trends DR PETER DOWLING | NATIONAL HERITAGE OFFICER NATIONAL TRUSTS OF AUSTRALIA

The logo of the National Trusts of Australia was designed by Australian architect, graphic and industrial designer Michael Bryce AM AE and registered as a trademark in 1987. Prior to this design states and territories had differing logos.

he main symbol is a trio of Eucalyptus leaves with two gumnuts. One of the leaves is aging and has a section missing from its edge. This leaf represents the past which often has suffered some damage and needs protection. A larger middle leaf growing vigorously represents the present and our current cultural and natural heritage, over which we have influence and responsibility. The third leaf, smaller than the others and much younger, represents the future and the next generations for whom the Trust’s preservation endeavours are dedicated.

Over time some Trusts have updated the logo and created a cleaner and simpler image. A 2011 version of the logo deleted the square frame to reflect a more flexible and adaptable organization that deals with broader heritage issues than the built environment. Style manuals developed by the National Trusts in Victoria and New South Wales also recommended new colour palettes and Western Australia is refreshing its logo approach.

D I G I TA L C O N V E R S I O N LEE DAVIE | FINANCIAL ADMINSTRATOR NATIONAL TRUSTS OF AUSTRALIA

The ACNT Library holds a collection of around 4,000 photographs, negatives and slides. The bulk of the collection generally relates to National Trust properties and Australian properties listed on state and national heritage registers. While most of the material was collected and described prior

to 1995, a substantial number of images reflect more recent times. The National Trusts Partnership Program (NTPP) is funding the digital conversion of the collection to make the images available for public and professional use.

To date more than a thousand images relating to Victoria, NSW, Tasmania Northern Territory, Queensland and the Australian Capital Territory have been scanned and uploaded to our online galleries.

VISIT http://www.nationaltrust.org.au/online-galleries LEFT TO RIGHT 1.

Early image of Hobart intersection Collins & Elizabeth Sts circa mid 1930s. 2. Early image of Townsville City c1888-1906. 3. Vestey’s water-tank, built for Bullocky Point meatworks which opened in 1917 was converted as part of Darwin High School known as “The Tank”. 1996

1998

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2000

NTWA receives funding from State Lottery Commission Heritage Grants. NTWA support helps save Council House, Perth.

State NTs gain $18.03m in Federation Funds for heritage restoration, interpretation - including for NTWA’s ‘Golden Pipeline’. ACNT launches first Endangered Places List of heritage places under threat (annual) and website.

NTVIC completes reports for review of all Victorian planning schemes and its recommendations are accepted by most councils across the state. NTWA hosts first State Heritage Convention in Perth.

ACNT organises 9th International NT Conference, Alice Springs.

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2001

2002

ACNT issues the Cinderella Revisited report challenging government to implement recommendations from the Commonwealth report of 2000.

ACNT releases Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Heritage Policy.

2003 ACNT forms Regional Cultural Alliance with the Federation of Australian Historical Societies, the Australian Library and Information Association, Museums Australia and Regional Arts Australia.

Golden Pipeline, NTWA 17

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Protecting Our Living Heritage GINA PICKERING | EDITOR

The National Trusts of Australia are collaborating to create a national register of significant trees, which is consistent with our mission to protect and celebrate Australia’s heritage. Trusttrees.org. au is a national initiative which brings together a range of tree registers in a new, easy to access online site. Led by the National Trusts of South Australia and Victoria, a $64,000 commitment through the National Trusts Partnerships Program (NTPP) has funded the development of the Trust Trees website. Significant trees are part of our natural and cultural heritage and more than 2,500 significant tree records have been compiled into the new website. Trust Trees creates an awareness of the contribution that trees make to the aesthetic, cultural and historic fabric of Australia while ensuring community members and groups can nominate new trees.

INSERT Herbig’s Tree is an important South Australian River Red Gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) located approximately 60 km from Adelaide. It was named after Johann Friedrich Herbig who lived in the base of it for five years. The first two of his sixteen children were born within the ‘walls’ of its craggy trunk. P Wallace ABOVE The avenue of Lemon Scented gums (Corymbia citriodora), at Dame Elisabeth Murdoch’s Cruden farm, Langwarrin Victoria is of state significance for its aesthetic value. A Blackman

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2009

NTVIC agrees to purchase Robin Boyd’s own home and establish it as a Centre for Research and Scholarship in Design, Architecture and the Built Environment. ACNT and the Australian Wind Energy Association commences Stage One of their Wind Farms and Landscape Values Project.

Trusts commissions Minter Ellison to review the structure of the National Trust. ACNT releases Submission to the Productivity Commission Inquiry into the Conservation of Historic Heritage Places released.

ACNT gives response to State of Environment report: The State of Australia’s Heritage? Wish We Knew! Development of Indonesian-Australia Community Heritage partnership statement between ACNT and Indonesian Heritage Trust. Our Heritage at Risk program launched.

ACNT/AUSWind Wind Farms and Landscape Values National Assessment Framework released which wins national awards for excellence in planning. NTWA publishes Sharing our Stories, Guidelines for Heritage Interpretation.

NTNSW convenes National Trust Brains Forum and releases The Need for Action on Heritage: a 2020 Communiqué to the Prime Minister by the National Trust Brains Forum.

ACNT makes submissions to government on Intangible Heritage, EPBC Act Review, Taxation Act, Not for Profit sector and the National History Curriculum.

Our Heritage at Risk

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Heritage at Risk Program launched.

A C N T A N N I V E R S A RY AU S T R A LIAN CO U N C IL OF N AT I O N A L T RU ST

Anniversary

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Heritage Festival’s through the decades. NTNSW

National Trust Heritage Festival Celebrates 35 Years ANGELA LE SUEUR | NATIONAL TRUST (NSW)

The annual National Trust Heritage Festival was initiated in Victoria in 1980 to raise widespread community understanding of the value of heritage and the contribution it makes to the present. It was taken up with gusto by the NSW Trust the following year. In 2015 National Trust Heritage Festival coordinators are expecting 15,000 events to be registered nationwide.

he heritage festival has fascinating roots. The 70s saw a growing awareness of the need to protect and celebrate the national estate. In 1974 the Historic Buildings Act was passed in Victoria, the first of any legislation nationally providing statutory protection for heritage at risk. 1975 saw the inauguration of the Australian Heritage Commission and growing community engagement resulted in Sydney’s

be lost, and the part communities and individuals could play in saving heritage of all kinds if they understood what was at stake, and had taken it to heart. The National Trust took the challenge on board and devised an annual state-wide heritage festival. Identification, celebration and

enjoyment were key elements in the strategy, and the National Trust led the charge with ‘signature’ events and special celebrations run by properties and branches. Success breeds success and in 2012 the heritage festival was taken up by National Trusts in other states and territories to become a national celebration with substantial NTPP funding of $155,000 annually. Each year, the Festival carries a theme designed to inspire a variety of events. This year, in celebration of the centenary of the ANZAC mateship and the dreadful fate which befell so many during the World War One years (19141918), the theme is ‘Conflict and Compassion’. It also encapsulates the conflicts experienced over the years as the character of the fledgling nation took form and changed, and the stories of compassion which so often came from unexpected quarters. VISIT The National Trust website in your state: www.nationaltrustfestival.org.au

legendary Green Bans. It was time to capitalise on the growing public awareness of what could

2010

2011

ACNT releases Proposed MurrayDarling Basin Plan Submission to the Murray Darling Basin Authority. NTNSW takes central role in campaign to protect the heritage and integrity of Barangaroo Point. NTVIC secures federal government funding to develop and lead a National Reconciliation Plan acknowledging that Europeans did not settle a terra nullius land.

After 25 five years of campaigning by NTVIC for a review of CBD heritage protection, the City of Melbourne recommends 98 buildings worthy of statutory heritage protection.

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2012

2013 NTWA publishes “We’re a Dreaming Country Guidelines for Interpretation of Aboriginal Heritage”.

‘We’re a Dreaming Country’ was published in 2012.

2014

After 45 years of custodianship of the former Ebenezer Mission Station, NTVIC hands it over to the traditional owners, the Barengi Gadjin Land Council Aboriginal Corporation. ACNT releases Sustainable Management of National Trust Places Across Australia.

TIMELINE ABOVE Ebenezer

ACNT establishes reciprocal rights with the Italian National Trust, Fondo Ambiente Italiano. Death of the Hon Barry O’Keefe AM QC and Dr James Semple Kerr. Both were long serving members of the National Trust.

2015 70th Anniversary of the founding of the National Trust movement in Australia. 50th Anniversary of the establishment of the ACNT.

Mission Station handover. NTVIC

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Two major, adaptive reuse initiatives completed in Western Australia have delivered outstanding community value. The projects combined underused state heritage, innovation and a range of National Trust conservation and interpretation expertise to reveal long term economically sustainable futures supporting community wellbeing. Western Australian Premier Colin Barnett took time to officially open both. GINA PICKERING | EDITOR

Wanslea wins in cancer wellness and heritage values

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Breast Cancer Care WA Chair, Malcolm Day, Patron Breast Cancer Care WA, Tonya McCusker, Brady Cancer Foundation President, Ross Taylor, National Trust of Western Australia CEO, Tom Perrigo, Breast Cancer Care WA CEO Donna Rendell celebrate the opening of the Cancer Wellness Centre at Wanslea. G Pickering TOP RIGHT Western Australia’s Premier Colin Barnett acknowledged the excellent work of the National Trust during the opening ceremony. O Chong CENTRE LEFT Wadumbah dance group welcomes guests to Wanslea. G Pickering CENTRE (L-R) Recognising a valuable commitment. Stained glass provided links to Wanslea’s heritage. O Chong

TRUST NEWS AUSTRALIA FEBRUARY 2015

anslea in the Perth beachside suburb of Cottesloe has been successfully transformed into a leading cancer support facility and the new home for Breast Cancer Care WA, melanomaWA, the Brady Cancer Support Foundation and Cancer Support WA. Lotterywest provided funding to the National Trust in 2010 to plan and develop the new centre to accommodate a diverse range of cancer support groups while providing access to local, national and international practices in health care. A budget of more than $8 million and a partnership between the National Trust of Western Australia and Lotterywest, with significant support from BHP and the Brady Cancer Support Foundation, has created an outstanding environment for leading cancer support organisations. It’s a spectacular building with its blood and bandages brickwork, two storeys and intricate stained glass. Wanslea’s new Cancer Wellness Centre remains in keeping with a tradition of care for orphans established by the Independent Order of Oddfellows in 1905 and continued with support for returned servicemen and POWs as well as the children of unwell mothers. Accommodation at the Cancer Wellness Centre is specifically designed for cancer support organisations and users. The heritage buildings have been conserved, facilities enhanced with new buildings and trees retained to create a peaceful and pleasant environment for carers and visitors. The investment in Wanslea has also created 6,500 days of employment in conservation and adaptive works which equates to about 28 construction jobs for a year, while increasing the service and employment available within the cancer support organisations. Wanslea now has a long-term, economically sustainable public use supporting community wellbeing, while its heritage values are protected for present and future generations.

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in Western Australia Sustainable heritage serves School of Early Learning

he newly refurbished state heritage-listed Stirling House, is the new home of North Fremantle School of Early Learning in North Fremantle, Western Australia. A successful public-private partnership between the National Trust and childcare operator Schools of Early Learning has delivered an outstanding compatible and sustainable use outcome at a state registered heritage place. A $2.35m investment in recognised state heritage values was delivered through the substantial financial commitment from the Schools of Early Learning with National Trust capital and conservation expertise. Stirling House brings a vital economic and social benefit to North Fremantle including 24 new jobs in childcare, while a further 13 construction jobs were created during the project. The site was a summer camping place for the Whadjuk people, later a convict depot, and has connections to government education from 1886. The North Fremantle Primary School designed by government architect George Temple-Poole, was built on the site in 1894 and set a precedent in co-education. It’s a magnificent outcome 120 years later that an educational foundation set in the 1880s is underpinning innovative childcare and learning in Western Australia. Schools of Early Learning Director Brett Thomson said the beautiful architecture of the old North Fremantle Primary School is matched by a wonderful design which will accommodate 112 children per day. “Schools of Early Learning prides itself on understanding the needs of the community and providing high quality care and education to children. We are thrilled to announce the latest addition to the Schools of Early Learning childcare centres which now provide services to more than 800 families in Western Australia,” Mr Thomson said. The partnership with the National Trust has delivered innovative facilities including a creative outdoor environment which offers children new sandpits, wet areas, the shade of established trees, a vegetable garden and fruit trees, a chicken coop, rainwater tanks and rain gauges all in a spectacular heritage site.

TOP TO BOTTOM 1. The refurbished former North Fremantle Primary School is ready for the next generation of children. A Brake 2. Schools of Early Learning Director Sarah Lovegrove shares a light moment with WA Premier Colin Barnett at the official launch. S Murphy 3. (L-R) Sarah Lovegrove, Bernadette Giambazi AM, Brett Thomson, Arthur Giambazi, Louise Thomson and Genevieve Giambazi celebrate the opening of the latest School of Early Learning which is a family business established forty years ago by Bernadette Giambazi AM. G Pickering LEFT Classrooms were added to North Fremantle Primary School and an infants’ school operated across the road from 1900-1926. Fremantle History Centre

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Heritage goes digital and mobile in the town of Willunga DR DARREN PEACOCK, | NATIONAL TRUST (SA)

Willunga is a picturesque heritage town just south of Adelaide, which last year celebrated the 175th anniversary of its establishment in 1839.

n a nt ic ip at ion of t h at commemoration, the local branch of the National Trust began work in 2013 on a new approach to presenting the town’s heritage to visitors and local residents using contemporary digital technology. The result is believed to be a world first combining a mobile app with QR coded building plaques and a wiki-based website. The heritage treasures of the historic town of Willunga are now accessible digitally through the mobile app and website which include more than 50 heritage places throughout the town and provide interactive, self-guided walking trails for smartphones, iPads and other tablet devices. The Willunga Walks mobile app and Now and Then wiki website were launched in November by Jamie Briggs MP, Federal Member for Mayo and Assistant Minister for Infrastructure and Regional Development. Visitors to Willunga can find out more about heritage places by scanning QR codes with their mobile devices and by downloading the Willunga Walks

mobile app. The QR codes, website and mobile app work together to provide instant access to photos, audio and video recordings as people explore the township and discover its heritage and stories. Professor Norman Etherington AM, President of the National Trust of South Australia says:

“Heritage is everywhere around us. With mobile devices and wireless connectivity, we can now provide people with instant access to information about heritage places, including photographs, stories and video, as well as enabling them to share that information through social media. In Willunga, we are bringing together these new technologies for the first time to create a richly enhanced experience of local heritage places for tourists, residents and school students.” The Willunga mobile heritage project was funded with a grant from the Your Community Heritage program operated by the Commonwealth Department of

TOP LEFT The

the Environment. Volunteers from the Willunga Branch of the National Trust of South Australia worked for 18 months to research and prepare material for the app and website. The app has been trialled with teachers and students from Willunga Primary School as part of their study of local history. Now that the Willunga pilot has been launched, we plan to extend our mobile heritage apps to other South Australian towns and to produce a statewide version to promote SA’s many thousands of heritage places and make them readily accessible to the next, digital generation, of heritage enthusiasts. www.willunga.nowandthen.net.au and Willunga Walks mobile app are available from Google Play and the App Store.

Willunga Walks app features more than 50 heritage places. J Cronin President Professor Norman Etherington AM and the Hon Jamie Briggs MP at the launch of the Willunga Walks mobile heritage app. J Cronin RIGHT The Hon Jamie Briggs MP, Federal Member for Mayo and Assistant Minister of Infrastructure and Regional Development scanning the QR code on heritage plaque displayed on the Willunga Courthouse and Police Station Museum. J Cronin CENTRE NTSA

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Unique Port Pirie Heritage MARCUS BERESFORD | NATIONAL TRUST (SA)

Port Pirie, as the only sizable 19th century boom-town in South Australia, has a fascinating heritage. Beginning as a small port with a few wool stores, Port Pirie became a major wheat port in the late 19th century, when South Australia pioneered large scale cropping in Australia and was the “Granary of the Empire” for more than a decade.

here have been many colourful characters in Port Pirie’s history, including twice-Mayor Fred Grey, son of a poacher from Dorset, who worked his way up as a merchant and was initial agent for BHP, playing a role in getting ore from Broken Hill shipped out through the town from 1889, and later in establishing the lead smelters. The extraordinary Railway Station (1901-2) is probably without parallel in Australia, looking more like a beachside pavilion from an English coastal resort. Other outstanding buildings include the classical former court house (1880), hotels - the International (a 19th century building with an Art Deco makeover), the beautiful wedding-cake Family Hotel (1904), and the imposing Federal Hotel.

ABOVE (L - R) Barrier

St Mark’s Cathedral and Convent of the Good Samaritans (1889) are also show stoppers. There is an interesting early Australian Workers Association Hall, and many fine old homes particularly in the suburb of Risdon Park. Another interesting and centrally located house is “Carn Brae” (1909) with its stained glass windows, tall tower and “widow’s walk”. The Anglican Church of St Paul (1898-9) was designed by local bank manager WK Mallyon, an accomplished but amateur architect. Like so many Australian towns and cities, Port Pirie has demolished much of its 19th century heritage, including its exuberant Town Hall (also designed by WK Mallyon), three storey Barrier Hotel with corner cupola, and most

of its superb old banks. However an impressive AMP building remains. Port Pirie National Trust branch pursues a policy of acquiring properties for restoration and re-use, including the wonderful Sampson’s butcher shop with its sheep and cattle heads peering down from the parapet (now available for tourist accommodation – enquiries to Peter Millbank on (08) 8632 3096), and the classical E S&A Bank adjacent. Barrier Chambers on the wharves has also been purchased, restored and leased. The large museum in the railway station, Customs House (1875) and police station is very impressive, with period displays, interesting 1940s paintings of the nearby smelters by T Dibdin, numerous historic photographs and other artefacts.

Chamber, Port Pirie. Port Pirie Railway Station. Mallyon’s Anglican Church, Port Pirie. M Beresford

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Jim’s Socks: the search for a soldier who called himself Jim SUE REID | HISTORIAN

A poignant exhibit on display in the National Trust’s Zara Clark Museum in Charters Towers is a half-knitted pair of socks intended for a World War One soldier who was fighting on the Western Front. Together with the knitting is the soldier’s letter requesting that his mother knit him some socks. Until now, the soldier for whom the socks were intended was known only as Jim but we now think the soldier has been identified and this is his story.

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Unfinished woollen socks, calico bag and Jim’s letter from the Zara Clark Museum collection Charters Towers. E McPhee John Angus McDonald in The Queenslander 1916. State Library of Queensland

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n 14 October 1917, a young Australian soldier wrote from the Western Front to his mother. He told her that ‘winter was coming on us again’ and he asked her to knit him some socks. The soldier simply signed his letter ‘Jim’. His letter took about nine weeks to arrive in north Queensland but, by the time his mother received it, Jim had already been killed. He was wounded in Belgium on 22 October 1917 and died the same day at the 3rd Australian Field Ambulance Station. With awful irony, his mother had been knitting socks for her son before she received his request. She understandably stopped her knitting when, on 9 November 1917, the Reverend Frank O’Keefe of Charters Towers informed her of her son’s death. We can only imagine how she felt, sometime in mid-December, when she received Jim’s letter requesting the socks. In his letter, Jim tells his mother how he participated ‘in the first push “at no doubt you have read about it”, the famous Polygon Wood’, which took place at the end of September 1917. Jim believes Polygon Wood ‘now belongs to us never to be taken back.’ He writes about how proud he is to be an Australian, but his pride is tinged with sadness as he recounts how he lost some of his best mates. He tells of ‘his sad heart and a tearful face’ while burying his dead comrades. He also speaks of the Division receiving a congratulatory message from the ‘Brig. General’ saying the ‘Australian troops were second to no troops in the world.’ How did we find Jim’s identity when the Museum had no record of the donor of the letter and the half-knitted socks, and no other information about Jim or his mother? The clues in Jim’s ABOVE Sue

letter and his handwriting were carefully analysed. The result: the identification of a candidate for Jim, a Charters Towers’ soldier named John Angus McDonald. John Angus McDonald’s nephew, Leslie Angus McDonald confirmed that John was always called Jim by the family.

John Angus McDonald was born in 1897 in Charters Towers and enlisted in the 31st Battalion, the Kennedy Regiment, in June 1916. He embarked on the troop ship Boonah later that year bound for Plymouth and was then posted to France. He was at the Battle of Polygon Wood and, after his death, his mother received a letter from his mate saying ‘Angus and I were right through Polygon Wood stunt’ [sic]. The Unit Diary contains a congratulatory letter from Major General J T Hobbs written after the battle. On 14 October 1917, the date Jim wrote his letter, the men of the 31st Battalion were resting, providing an opportunity for them to write letters to their loved ones.

Jim’s letter implies that his mother was on her own in Charters Towers, that he was a private soldier, and was probably a manual worker. John Angus McDonald was a private in the 31st Battalion and, prior to enlistment, he was a stockman. His mother, Fanny, was raising her children on her own. Many of the distinctive characteristics of Jim’s handwriting match the very limited sample of John’s handwriting found in his service record. John’s mate, Arthur Nicholson, who wrote to Fanny McDonald, says that John was knocked unconscious and buried when a shell hit his dugout on the front line in Belgium. He was rescued but never regained consciousness and died the same day. John was buried by the Field Ambulance about five miles from Ypres, Belgium, but his resting place is unknown. He is commemorated on the Menin Gate in Ypres. John’s mother, Fa n n y McDonald, died in Charters Towers in 1924 and her remaining children moved away from the area. Some time after her death, John’s last letter and Fanny’s last gift of socks for her son were given to the Zara Clark Museum. They now serve as a sad reminder of the sacrifices of a young man, a mother, and a family.

Valis, Conservator, Queensland Museum, Townsville opens the display case for inspection. E McPhee works begin in preparation for a new display case. E McPhee

ABOVE RIGHT Conservation

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Baby 700, Gallipoli DR PETER DOWLING | NATIONAL HERITAGE OFFICER, NATIONAL TRUSTS OF AUSTRALIA

On the Gallipoli Peninsula there is, somewhat hidden, a small cemetery. It lies on the slope of a rounded hill concealed among the bracken within the former Turkish lines of 1915 but just a few metres from the Anzac line. It can be reached easily by foot but is not visited as often as those cemeteries nearby along the well-travelled Second Ridge Road or along the beach front at Anzac. The cemetery is called ‘Baby 700’, after the British name for the hill. It contains just 43 headstones, but underneath the grassy surface lie the remains of another 450 unidentified soldiers, who were killed in the desperate battles trying to take the hill during the Gallipoli campaign.

here is one headstone belonging to a young man of thirty years, a Captain in the 12th Battalion, who was killed instantly while about to lead his men to take the hill on the afternoon of the landing on 25 April. His name is Joseph Peter Lalor and he was the grandson of Peter Lalor, who, sixty-one years before, led the miners in their revolt at the Eureka Stockade. Joseph Lalor was born in 1884 in Melbourne, where nine years later he attend the Roman Catholic Xavier College boy’s school in the eastern suburb of Kew. Joseph was a somewhat restless soul in his short life. He joined the Royal Navy after leaving Xavier College but deserted to join the French Foreign Legion in Algeria. Later, ABOVE Baby

he possibly found excitement in a South American revolution before returning to Australia and serving in several military units in Victoria, Western Australia and Queensland. In August 1914, he joined the 12th Battalion, Australian Imperial Force and sailed with the first contingent. He was promoted to Captain and was affectionately known by his Company men as ‘Puss-in-Boots’ or ‘Little Jimmy’ due to his short stature and his habit of wearing riding boots. Throughout the morning and afternoon of 25 April, Lalor, along with his Company and men separated from other units were holding a defensive line near the Nek, a precarious position at the base of Baby 700, while other units tried several attempts to take the

hill and the heights above. Around 3.30 pm in the afternoon, Lalor could see that those fighting to take the slopes of Baby 700 needed help. Lalor was determined to assist. The Adjutant of the 12th Battalion later recounted the action Lalor took: Lalor then moved forward on to the seaward slope of ‘Baby 700’ where the fighting was thickest. Although the mental strain and anxiety, which he had experienced since landing early in the morning had been enormous, he nevertheless rallied his men and, waving his arms, shouted, ‘Come on, the 12th’. The words had hardly passed his lips when he fell dead, and ‘the 12th’ (the last words he uttered) lost one of its most gallant and capable officers.

700 Cemetery, Gallipoli. Captain Joseph Lalor’s memorial is in the front row, fourth from the left. P Dowling 2008

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A Woman of Vision ANGELA LE SUEUR | NATIONAL TRUST (NSW) ABOVE The

wreath made by children of Xavier College laid at the memorial of Captain Joseph Peter Lalor - a former schoolboy of Xavier, killed in action 25 April, 1915 (P. Dowling 2008)

Although more attempts were made to take Baby 700 after Lalor’s death the hill was to remain in Turkish hands throughout the whole campaign. The epitaph on the headstone of Joseph Lalor was taken from a quotation by the Roman lyrical poet Horace (Odes III.2): Dulce Et Decorum Est Pro Patria Mori [It is sweet and proper to die for one’s country] Lord Thou Knowest Best A few years ago, prior to leaving for Gallipoli to lead a group on an Anzac Day tour, I asked Xavier College if some of their younger classes would like to make a wreath which would be placed on Joseph Lalor’s grave, photographed and brought back to Australia. The children of two classes joined together and made a paper wreath decorated with cut-outs of their hands on which they wrote their names and own personal messages to Lalor and those who fought at Gallipoli. I had the honour to place the wreath on Joseph Lalor’s memorial stone at the Baby 700 cemetery on Anzac Day. The wreath was then taken back to Australia and returned to where it was made at Xavier College. REFERENCES

Coulthard-Clark, C., 1984, From Eureka to Gallipoli’, Defence Force Journal, no. 44:44-48. Newton, L.M., 2000, The Story of the Twelfth. A Record of the 12th Battalion, A.I.F. during the Great War of 1914-1918, 12th Battalion Association, Hobart.

2015 is a landmark year for the National Trust of Australia (NSW) which celebrates 70 years since its foundation on 6 April 1945. This was the start of the National Trust movement throughout Australia, followed over the next few decades by the formation of Trusts in all states and territories. All are dedicated to the protection of Australia’s built, environmental and cultural heritage, so that it can be enjoyed and add dimension to our lives into the future.

o much has been said and written over the years about the tenacity and vision of Annie Wyatt (1885-1961) whose determination to preserve natural and man-made sites of beauty or historical significance attracted the support needed to establish a National Trust in Australia in 1945 and take it from strength to strength. It all started in the 1940s when Annie saw the need to act to galvanise the community to prevent the wanton erosion of Sydney’s northern bushland and the destruction of grand colonial edifices in Macquarie Street in the name of progress. She understood the importance of establishing an organisation free of government intervention, but ratified by an Act of Parliament, to confer the strength needed to combat the forces of the times. And it was done. The National Trust has long been Australia’s strongest community-based, conservation organisation, maintaining an independent voice with the support of its members, volunteers, business and the wider community. The 70th anniversary of the NSW National Trust is testimony to the relevance of the Trust movement, but heightens awareness of the need to identify incipient change and stay ahead of evolving conditions and expectations. In accordance with the Trust’s commitment to preserving shared memories and stories as a foundation for the future, we can indulge ourselves this year with a look at a fragment of the landmark achievements of the National Trust and the people who shared its vision and fought for, and with it. ABOVE Annie

Wyatt. NTNSW

TRUST NEWS AUSTRALIA FEBRUARY 2015

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31 Country Houses in 21 Days SARAH MURPHY | DIRECTOR CONSERVATION & STEWARDSHIP NATIONAL TRUST (WA) COPLAND FOUNDATION ALEX COPLAND ATTINGHAM SCHOLAR

In July 2014 I was among a group of international scholars selected to attend the Attingham Summer School, an intensive 21 day study of the English country house and its collections. I would not have been able to participate in the Attingham Summer School without the extremely generous scholarship awarded to me by the Copland Foundation. I was also greatly supported by the National Trust of Western Australia with the granting of study leave.

ased in three regions Sussex, Derbyshire/Nottinghamshire/ Warwickshire and Gloucestershire we visited 31 country houses supported with lectures on specialist subjects. We had privileged access to areas of houses not open to the public, to private homes and to unique experiences including a harpsichord recital in a 17th century hunting lodge. Summarising the relevance of the Attingham Summer School has admittedly been a challenge. The houses visited during the course of the Summer School were vastly different to the historic houses and other heritage properties for which I am responsible in Western Australia. Regardless,

both collectively and individually, the English country houses had

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considerable applicability to my work.

spectacular collection at Calke Abbey. S Murphy Summer School attendees from around the world were leaders in their disciplines. L Peterson BOTTOM RIGHT Extravagant Dyrham Park. S Murphy TOP CENTRE Attingham

TRUST NEWS AUSTRALIA FEBRUARY 2015

It became increasingly evident to me that one of our properties, Old Farm, Strawberry Hill in Albany, was conceived as a country house (as opposed to a house in the country). The key ingredients were all there – land, power and a house that provided an index of the ambitions of its owner. Without the Summer School I was probably unlikely to have pieced all that together for myself, but now the connections have been made there is new subject matter to explore in understanding this significant place. The extent to which the houses in our Western Australian portfolio were presented almost as English country houses in miniature was far greater than I had originally surmised. Ornamental gardens, well presented formal rooms, red ropes, charming gift shops and tea rooms offering Devonshire teas have long been the formula. On many levels there is nothing inherently wrong with this approach. It is a well trialled and tested way to provide access to a house and visitors generally understand and enjoy it. However it is also a rather curious transposition that begins to raise even more questions about how honestly our houses have been presented to the public in the past. I was intrigued by how the country houses that are still private homes differ from those owned by organisations such as the National Trust. It was evident the resident families did not consider themselves to be living in museums. Each was very much aware of its place in the ongoing history of their properties and the significance of the houses was continually enhanced rather than lessened by their ongoing use and adaptation. Visiting so many houses in such a condensed manner was intellectually exhausting however I relished the contrasts and contradictions posed by the houses visited and the accompanying experiences. Sarah Murphy was the only Australian awarded the Alex Copland Attingham scholarship in 2014. She presented a public lecture in Perth on her findings.

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Between the lines OFF TO WAR – WW1 1914-1918 AUTHOR:

JOHN DOWSON

PUBLISHER: TFS CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY MOUNT ROMANCE AUSTRALIA PTY LTD REVIEWER:

RUSSELL BISHOP

With the passage of 100 years and several million words on the topic of Australia’s participation in the Great War, it’s difficult to imagine there is much more about our nation’s involvement that hasn’t already been thoroughly discussed and forensically picked over. In Off to War – WW1 1914-1918, John Howson brings together in a very attractive, coffee table-style book an engrossing collection of photographs, recruitment posters and personal accounts that centres mainly on the so-called First Convoy of Australian warships and merchant vessels bound for Europe. That’s the big picture theme of Howson’s book but the author plainly has another objective: to redress the previous, official exclusion of the important role played by the Great Southern port city of Albany in the creation of the ANZAC story. I say ‘previous’ because Albany was certainly centre stage nationally in November 2014 as the Prime Minister and GovernorGeneral joined tens of thousands of people to commemorate the centenary of the First Convoy’s departure. But, as Howson notes: ‘In Charles Bean’s The Story of Anzac, published in 1920, Albany is barely mentioned.’ He writes that Albany was the place of assembly for the two convoys which saw 39,456 men leave for Europe. ‘Albany’s role is poignant in providing the gathering point, and symbolic as the last place touched upon in Australia before embarking on the longest journey to war in the history of the world.’ After setting the scene for Australia’s enthusiastic decision to support Britain, Howson uses accounts from war correspondent Phillip Schuler, who travelled on the flagship SS Orvieto in the First Convoy, plus diary extracts and photographs from service personnel, to capture a sense of what it was like being part of a moving column of around 40 large ships. The New Zealand perspective on these momentous events is explored, as is the issue of censorship, the contribution of nurses, the fate of the nearly 8,000 horses that were part of the convoy and the destruction by HMAS Sydney of the German raider Emden. As a book with a clear West Australian focus, Howson also does a commendable job in words and photos dealing with the training of troops at the Blackboy Hill camp, on Perth’s outskirts, and their embarkation at Fremantle to join the convoy. For anyone with a yen for books about the Great War and, in particular, the events that pre-date the forging of the ANZAC legend at Gallipoli, John Howson’s Off to War is both illuminating and highly enjoyable.

Murphy and Ben at Flintham Hall, Nottinghamshire, England. J Waters. 29

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The Magnificence of Charles Meere

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Conservation

JOY EADIE

The National Trust is fortunate to own two major 1930s Art Deco paintings by artist Charles Meere (1890 –1961), Triptych and Atalanta’s Eclipse, held in the S.H. Ervin Gallery in Sydney since the 1970s.

oth were showing signs of deterioration but conservation work and the creation of a superb new frame for Triptych were made possible through the generosity of members who contributed to the 2013 Summer Appeal for the project. The restored paintings were formally unveiled at an event for donors on 20 October 2014. Triptych is enigmatic, depicting no particular myth, a joyous classical scene of deer and putti, dancing nymphs, and the gods Hermes and Pan playing music. The strange stylized heads of the nymphs distract the eye from a darker theme of the stags fighting and the cliff edge beneath the dancers’ feet. Atalanta’s Eclipse, which won the 1938 Sulman Prize, was painted in the context of the establishment of the highly controversial Australian Academy of Art as a rich, challenging, modern example of academic art. It features Greek mythology - the race between Atalanta and Hippomenes – and encompasses art-historical styles from 14th century Gothic through the Renaissance, Baroque and NeoClassicism to athletic 1930s nudes, plus allusions to works by Michelangelo, Pontormo and Guido Reni.

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The two paintings share common features: neo-classical composition, mythical figures linked by drifts of white fabric, an arcadian setting of cypresses whose white trunks suggest classical columns, while the grey-green foliage and visible branches of eucalyptus trees subtly link this classical world with Australia. These two works are central to the group of Art Deco paintings, created mainly in the 1930s and 1940s, that are Meere’s crowning

Atalanta’s Eclipse by Charles Meere, 1938 by Charles Meere, 1939

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TRUST NEWS AUSTRALIA FEBRUARY 2015

achievement, notable for their use of allusion to create ambiguity and irony, and a certain underlying darkness. Art Deco style, with its eclectic use of sources, its clarity and precision, lent itself to such works, which are at once cerebral, complex, playful yet serious, and decorative. Meere made this style peculiarly his own, independent of mainstream modernism. Unique in 20th century Australian art, these paintings are a significant part of the nation’s cultural heritage, now restored for the enjoyment of the public. The Trust gratefully acknowledges International Conservation Services as major donors to the project.

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HOUSE TOUR:

MARTIN ALLEN

Rearranges Mr Johnston’s Collection The annual William Johnston and his collection housemuseum tour

SHARING THE GOOD EARTH AUTHOR:

ROB LINN

PUBLISHER: HISTORICAL CONSULTANTS PTY LTD FOR THE ROYAL AGRICULTURAL & HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA INCORPORATED. MARCH 2014 REVIEWER: SUE SCHEIFFERS, VICE PRESIDENT NATIONAL TRUST OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA In cities and country centres around the nation, the Agricultural and Horticultural Show is a long established and well-loved institution. The annual Show draws exhibitors and visitors from far and wide. In places with ever diminishing populations it can often be the event which serves as a reunion as well as a celebration of agricultural achievements. This lavishly illustrated book celebrates 175 years and documents in great detail the history of the Royal Agricultural and Horticultural Show from the earliest beginnings of the South Australian Colony. It describes the foundation of the Society in 1839, built on similar lines to other societies in the United Kingdom and Australia, whose aims were to underpin and encourage rural life and culture through the pursuit of scientific agriculture. On 28 October 1839 ‘a group of notable citizens’ gathered at the Court House in Currie Street and took the first steps in a process which would create a national legacy. Less than six weeks later on 8 December 1840 the first dinner and exhibition were held at Fordhams Hotel. Exhibits included wheat, barley and oats, wool, colonial cheese, vegetables and locally manufactured leather. Sharing the Good Earth proceeds to discuss the evolution and various locations of the Society. In 1911 the Show finally relocated to a splendid block on Goodwood Road at Wayville, moving from the Exhibition Buildings on North Terrace, which was being developed by the University of Adelaide. The illustrations of early colonial artists, including S T Gill, enhance the pages and help the reader to understand the development of agriculture and settlement of the growing colony. Other images, some of which are sourced from the Society’s own archives, provide an excellent addition to the story. In 1868 HRH Prince Albert visited the show and agreed to become the patron of the society which then gained the status of the Royal Agricultural and Horticultural Society. This book is recommended for its interesting use of images and attention to detail: how a traditional event in the landscape of South Australia grew out of the passion of a small number of colonists with vision and has been sustained for 175 years.

the johnston collection

FRIDAY 13 MARCH 2015 – MONDAY 22 JUNE 2015

FAIRHALL a house-museum with a superb collection of Georgian, Regency & Louis XV antiques regularly rearranged within a domestic setting LECTURES & WORKSHOPS an extensive and varied series FRIENDS enjoy the benefits

INDIVIDUAL & GROUp bOOkINGS AVAILAbLE ON: johnstoncollection.org +61 3 9416 2515 info@johnstoncollection.org

The Johnston Collection is an independent not-for-profit museum

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Discover Australia’s National Trust heritage places and have a great day out! National Trust members gain FREE and discounted entry* *except for special events

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Magnificent Australia

Heritage Air Tour 2015 2 D E PA R T U R E S

July 16 & August 21

15 DAYS S 17 SEAT E PA PER D

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NATIONAL TRUST MEMBERS PRICE EXCLUSIVE SUBSTANTIAL DISCOUNT ON PUBLISHED FARE With 30 years of exploratory air touring throughout the continent, Flight Through The Spectacular Land Of The Dreamtime Pty Limited has created for National Trust members an extraordinary itinerary of remote Australia and the founder and director of these tours, David Marks has been acknowledged as the pioneer of modern day air touring in Australia. During the “dry season” - July and August 2015, two only departures will realize lifelong ambitions to experience a vast expanse of Australia, visiting destinations of world importance for wilderness and cultural heritage. The diverse and exciting itinerary includes specially arranged visits to ancient rock art sites in the Kimberley and in stone country of western Arnhemland. Also included is a rare opportunity for cultural exchange with Aboriginal saltwater people in remote eastern Arnhemland. Extensive surface touring by vehicle and boat on inland waterways is provided with expert or informed commentary. NATIONAL TRUST MEMBERS WANTING TO JOIN EITHER OF THE TWO DEPARTURES ARE URGED TO APPLY WITHOUT DELAY TO AVOID DISAPPOINTMENT, AS EACH DEPARTURE IS LIMITED TO 17 PASSENGERS.

ENQUIRIES AND BROCHURE: Flight Through The Spectacular Land of the Dreamtime Pty Limited Level 57, MLC Centre, Martin Place, Sydney, NSW, Australia 2000

Phone: (02) 9230 7070 Fax: (02) 9238 7633 Email: info@dreamtimebyair.com.au