Thuốc vườn nhà by Minh Vương

615.8 TH514V

YEN tuyen chon

TlXIQC

BAO TIEN PHONG

C H U Y E N Dfi T R I THtTC T R E

Thuoc vtrdn nha PHUNG NGUYEN (Tuyen chon)

TMI/VIENTINHBINH THUAN -9W

/A1A^^/

/[A

NHA X U A T B A N DAN T R I

THUOC OUY T i r C U KIEU + H6i:

. . .

j ^)

•

Tdi thu&ng hay bi dau that d viing nguc. Gdn day CO ngu&i ban cho mot don thuoc Bdc, trong do c6 mot vi thud'c "gidi bach". Nhung khi nh& ngu&i quen d Hd Npi tdi may hieu thud'c aphd'Ldn

Ong can thud'c,

ngitdi ban hang lai ndi rang: Chi c6 vi thuoc Id "bach gidi" vd dua cho xem mot thit hat nho nhu hat cdi. Vdy de nghi "Thudc vucm nhd" cho bie't: (1) bach"

"Gidi

vd "bach gidi" cd phdi Id cung mot vi thudc

hay khdng? (2) Vi thud'c "gidi bach"

cd nhitng tdc

dunggi? + Dap: "Gi6i bach" va "Bach gi6i" l a h a i v i thuoc khac n h a u . Chut "gicii" t r o n g "gidi bach" va "bach gi6i" t u y c6 cung a m H a n V i e t , n h i i n g viet

HAUHT HHlSHi/i.il H3W 'JUt *

, „ 111.. I nil I -

I I.I I

mn—^MM^

khac n h a u . "Bach gidi" c6 nghia l a " r a u cai trSng" (Brassica alba L.), con "gidi bach" la "cu k i e u " . D o n g y thiJdng dCing h a t r a u cai t r a n g l a m thuoc, goi l a "bach gidi tijt" hoac "bach gidi". T r o n g D o n g y "bach gidi t\i" difdc xep vao loai thuoc "hoa d a m c h i k h a i " (trijf ddm, chohg ho), con "gidi bach" dUdc xep t r o n g loai thuoc " l y k h i " (dieu hoa chiic n a n g cua " k h i " t r o n g cd t h e ) . ,

" G i d i bach" - "cu k i e u " con c6 t e n la "c6 k i e u " (dan toe Tay), "gi6i k i e u " (Tue T i n h ) , "gidi can", "gidi bach dau", "da t o a n " , " t i e u doc toan". Ten k h o a hoc la A l i l i u m chinense G. Don., ho h a n h (Liiliaceae). Cay k i e u c6 nguon goc t ^ T r u n g Quoc, h i e n t a i diidc t r o n g ci k h l p cac v u n g que d nufdc ta, de

Theo cac n g h i e n ciiu h i e n dai, gidi bach c6 tac' d u n g chong

xd v i i a dong mach, phong

h u y e t k h o i gay nghen tic

K i e u la loai cay thao, t h a n h a n h m a u trSng, CO n h i e u vay m o n g boc ben ngoai. T h a n

moc

dtjfng, t r a n , h i n h t r u , cao 15-45cm. L a moc tii goc, h i n h dai hep, nvLa h i n h t r u , r o n g l , 5 - 4 m m , ben t r o n g rong. C u m hoa h i n h t a n dang b a n cau, m a u t i a n h a t hoac t r & n g .

ngiJa

mach m a u do c6 tac

d u n g chong n g i i n g tap t i e u cau; Idi n i e u , ha h u y e t ap. Co tac d u n g ijfc che doi v d i n h i e u loai v i k h u a n va te bao u n g t h i i . Mot so bdi thuoc cd sii dung cu

\Ky cu m u o i &n va sit d u n g l a m thuo'c^?*

- ChUa

ty uyen (viem

mui

kieu:

man

tinh):

Dung

cu k i e u 9g, t a n d i hoa 6g, moc qua 9g; n a u niidc uong t r o n g ngay. - Qua

Idu gidi

bach

tiCu thang:

Dung

qua l a u 1 t r a i (gia nat), gidi bach 15g, r i i d u t r f t n g 100ml, nildc 500ml, c i i n g sSc uong. S&c

Theo Dong y, cu k i e u c6 v i cay, d i n g , t i n h a m ; vao 3 k i n h phe, v i va d a i t r a n g . Co tac d u n g l y k h i , k h o a n h u n g (chohg tiic ngilc),

thong

diidng k h i , t a n u a t ket, k i e n v i , t i e u thuc. C h u t r i " h u n g t y " - tijfc ngvfc, " q u a n b i b a t t h i i " (kho c h i u ci vCing da day), n o n miia, k i e t ly, u n g n h o t Id loet...

lay 2 0 0 m l dich thuoc, chia r a uong dan; uong a m - neu n g u o i can h a m l a i . Tac dung:

Chiia c h i i n g tijfc ngiic, d a u t h a t

t i m , suyen t h d do h a n dam \i dong gay nen. - Chi thiic gidi bach que chi thang:

Chi thiic

4 t r a i , h a u phac 12g, gidi bach 15g, que c h i 9g,

- Lieu dung:

5-lOg k h o (tUdi 30-60g), sac hoac

t a n hot, l a m vien uong. D i i n g ngoai gia d&p ho&c v a t lay niidc boi.

qua l a u 1 t r a i (gia nat). N a m v i dem sSc v d i 1.000ml nifdc. D i u t i e n n a u c h i thUc va h a u phac, sac lay 5 0 0 m l dich thuoc, bo ba, sau do

ky: Ngifdi p h a t nong do " k h i h i i " hoac

cho cac v i thuoc con l a i vao, n a u nho lijfa t h e m

" a m h\i", mo hoi r a n h i e u , dau d a u k h o n g nen

20-30 p h u t l a diidc. Chia r a 3 l l n uong t r o n g

d u n g doc v i . K i e u c6 t i n h boat Idi, k h o n g h i t i c h

ngay, uong a m . Tac dung:

t r e c i i n g k h o n g n e n dCing.

ngiic), tarn t r u n g b i k h i (dau tijtc v u n g t i m ) .

- Kieng

ChQa " h u n g t y " (tiic

- ChiJCa dau that tim: Dung cu kieu 9g, qua lau 18g, dan sam 9g, khiidng hoang 9g, ngu linh chi 9g, que chi 6g, dao nhan 9g, hong hoa 9g, v i l n chi 9g, tram hiidng hot 3g (hoa vao sau). Sac nii6c uohg trong ngay. - Chita kiei lyi, ia chdy, mot ran: Dung cu kieu 9g, sai ho 9g, bach thildc 12g, chi thUc 6g, cam thao 4g. sic nii6c uong. - Chita xich li - di li phdn Idn mdu: Dung cu kieu 12g, hoang ba 6g, sfic nii6c uohg. Hoac dung kieu 1 nSm, thai nho, nau chao an.

- ChUa hon me do trung khi doc: Dung kieu gia nat, vat lay nif6c nho vao mui. - ChiJta Id ngita: Diing la kieu nau nifdc r^a, hoac gia nat dap len ch6 da hi benh. - ChiJta bong: Dung kieu gia nho, hoa vdi mat ong, vat lay nildc boi vao cho hi bong, giup da chong lanh. - ChQa hoc xiCdng cd: Dung kieu 1 nhum, nhai nat, cuon mot dau sdi day nho vao trong, nuot den ch6 xiidng hi hoc cam dau day keo ra tu: tvi.

- ChiJCa ia chdy, non khan khong ngiing: Dung kieu 1 nSm, niidc 500ml, sac can con mot ni'ta, chia thanh nhieu Ian uohg.

H O A cue

' S A N G MAT, H A H U Y E T

- ChUa bon don khi thong: Dung cu kieu gia nat, vkt lay midc uohg. Chu thick: "Bon don k h i thong" la ten benh trong Dong y. Chi hien tiidng: vung bung co that da doi, k h i tich t\i bung dii6i xong ngiidc len, thang tdi yet hau, vung ngiic kho chiu, chong mat, hoa mat, hoi hop, phien tao khong yen; c6 k h i nong ret qua l a i va non tho ra mu; sau k h i bdt cdn lai t i n h tao nhii thiidng. V i ngUc, bung c6 cam giac nhif hi Idn con hue vao (Idn con thuc vu Idn me) nen mdi c6 ten la "bon don" ("bon" = hue vao, "don" = Idn con). 8

+ Hoi: Gdn day, toi duac mot ong ban cho 1kg hoa cue da phoi kho, noi rdng do Id "cue thuoc", hdng ngdy pha trd uong, c6 tdc dung rat tot doi vdi sire khoe. Vdy hoa cdc thuoc cd nhicng tdc dung gi, cdch sit dung cu the nhu the ndo? + Dap: Cue c6 rat nhieu loai, Dong y thifdng diing 2 loai cue lam thuoc la "kim cue" va "hoang cue", vdi tac dung tifdng tvf. Cay cue hoa trdng - kim cue la cay than moc thang cao 0,501,40m, toan than c6 long trang mem. La moc so le, cuong dai 1-2,5cm, c6 long trang; phien la

hinh trting hay hcfi thuon, hai dau t u , chia thanh 3-5 thuy, mep c6 rang cifa va liidn song, mat dxidi nhieu long mau trSng moc. Cum hoa hinh dau, mau trang hay hdi tia ci phia ngoai, vang ci giQa, moc ci dau canh hay ke la. Cay cue hoa vang - hodng cue cung moc thang dijfng, cao chving 90cm. Phien la hinh 3 canh tron, thuy xe sau. Cum hoa hinh cau, diidng k i n h nho hdn loai ciic trSng noi tren; hoa trong ngoai deu c6 mau vang.

them sdn t r a lOg. Neu dSu choang vang nhieu them tang diep (la dau tkm) lOg. Tat ca tron deu, pha t r a uong trong nika ngay; moi ngay pha uong v6i lieu lutdng nhif tren 2 Ian. Tai mot benh vien ci Trung Quo'c da thii nghiem loai t r a nay dieu t r i 46 triidng hdp; sau 3 - 7 ngay trieu chiing dau dau, choang vang, mat ngu bat dau giam y a 35 trUdng hdp huyet ap da ha xuohg mile binh thiidng; so' con lai sau 10-30 ngay Cling thay c6 ehuyen bie'n tot.

Theo Dong y "kim cue" c6 vi ngot, ding, tinh hdi han; "hoang cue" eo vi ding eay, tinh am. Co tac dung tan phong nhiet, sang mat, giang hoa, giai doc. DOmg chQa hoa m i t , nhvfc dau, cao huyet ap, mat do dau, nhieu nii6c mat, dinh nhot...

- Tang cue dm - ehita ho vd soi, cam mao: Tang diep (la dau tkm), cue hoa, moi v i 6g, lien kieu, bac ha, cam thao, cat eanh, moi v i 4g, nxldc 600ml. Sic con 200ml, chia 3 Ian uohg trong ngay.

Lieu dung hang ngay txi 9-15kg, dung rieng hay phoi hdp v6i cac v i thuoc khac; con dung de \idp che hay ngam rifdu uo'ng. Mot so each dung vd tdc dung cu the:

- Tra cue hoa - Dieu hoa huyet dp: Ciic hoa lOg, tra hup 3g. Ham nufde soi nhii pha tra uohg. - Sdn tra cue hoa dm - Gidm md mau: Sdn tra 30g, cue hoa 15g. Nau hoac ham nifdc soi uohg thay tra trong ngay; k h i uohg eo the them diidng kinh. - Tra ehita cao huyet dp: Cue hoa, k i m ngan hoa, moi t h i i 6-lOg. Neu xd vvLa dong mach 10

- Cue hoa tra dieu tdn - chUa chong mat, hoa mat, mat do, mui tdc: Ciic hoa, xuyen khung, k i n h gidi, bac ha, phong phong, khiidng boat, hiidng phu, cam thao, bach ehi, te tan, bach ciidng tam. Cae v i bSng nhau, tron deu, tan nho. Sau biia cdm dung niide ehe chieu thuo'c, m6i Ian 4-6g hot nay.

INCAN HANH VA B A C H QUA + Hoi:

Toi nam nay da ngoai 60, bi thieu ndng

tudn hodn ndo, thu&ng duac bdc si ke cho nhung loai

thuoc tan duac, nghe noi dUffc che til Id cay hanh".

T6i rat muon tint hieu them ve thAcay

vdy neu c6 the ditofc, de nghi "Thuoc thieu cho Met: Cay "ngan hanh"

"ngan nay, vi

vu&n nhd" gi&i

hinh dang ra sao,

thu&ng moc or ddu, ngoai tdc dung tang tudn mdu, cdn c6 nhihig tdc dung gi khac?

hodn '

+ Dap: Ngan hanh von la mot v i thuoc cua Dong y, nhiing hien nay diiOc dung trong Tay y nhieu hdn. V6i ngiidi phiJdng Tay, "Ginkgo biloda" da trci nen het sijfc quen thuoc, v i moi thang CO hang trieu benh nhan difdc cac bac si ke nhQng ddn thuoc che t i i ngan hanh. Co mot thdi, ngan hanh da tao nen "cdn sot" b cac nifdc A u My, nhd tac dung ky dieu doi v6i benh t i m mach, can benh cua xa hoi hien dai. Cay ngan hanh con c6 ten la "cong ton t h u " , "ap ciidc t h u " , "ap cifdc tijt", "phi nga t h u " , "phi nga ttf", "bach qua", "boat hoa thach". Ten khoa hoc la Ginkgo biloda, thuoc ho bach qua Ginkgoaceae. ^^^^ Ngan hanh la cay to, cao 20-30 met, canh dai, gan nhif moc vong. Tren canh c6 nhQng nhanh ngan, mang la cuohg dai, phien la hinh quat, mep phia tren tron, giCta hdi lorn chia phien la thanh hai thuy tiia nhif chan con vit, nen c6 ten la "ap cU6c t h u " (cay chan vit). Hat (tijt) dung lam thuoc nen con goi la "ap ciidc t ^ " . Hoa nci

vao thang 4 - 5. Hoa dUc c6 cuong nhuy ngSn, moc thanh tufng bo 4-6 bong, r u xuong. Hoa cai CO cuong dai, noan 16 ra ngoai. Qua chin vao thang 10. Qua ngan hanh tiJa n h i i qua md, nhiing ben ngoai c6 Idp phan tr&ng nhif bac phu kin. Cho nen m6i goi la "ngan hanh" (trai md tr&ng nhtf bac) hoac la "bach qua" (qua mau tring). ^"'^'^ -'^'"'^ Thiic ra, dutdi giac do thiic vat hoc, goi la "ngan hanh" hay "bach qua" deu khong chinh xac. Qua ngan hanh, nhin be ngoai tUa nhif qua md, nhifng thijtc ra l a i khac hoan toan. V i "bach qua" thUc chat khong phai la "qua". K h i an qua md, ta chi an phan "thit" va bo phan "hat", con "bach qua" hoan toan la "hat". Cho nen, an bach qua, thiic chat la an "hat", v i chi c6 "hat" ma khong CO "thit qua". Md thuoc loai thiic vat "qua dong" (be tvf), con ngan hanh thuoc loai thiic vat "qua tran" (khoa th), tifdng t u â&#x20AC;˘ nhii tiing, thong... Trong loai qua t r i n , bo phan sinh san cai (noan) va hat 16 ngay ra ngoai, kh6ng d6ng k i n nhii loai qua dong. Hat ngan hanh trong rat gi6ng qua hach, nhii dao, md, man; ben ngoai Cling CO mot 16p "thit", nhiing thUc ra do la Idp v6 ngoai cua hat. Ban dau ngan hanh la cay dac san cua Trung Quoc. Ve sau, mdi di thUc tdi cac niidc khac, nhii My, Anh, Phap, Viet Nam, Trieu Tien, Nhat...

Dieu dac biet rkng ten khoa hoc cua ngan hanh "Ginkgo biloda", lai la phien am La tinh tii tieng Nhat. Tac dung chiJa benh cua ngan hanh dildc ghi chep s6m nhat "Nhat dung ban thdo" cua Ngo Thuy, mot thay thuoc Trung Hoa, each day hdn 6 the ky. Hien t a i , d cac nif6c A u My, cao la ngan hanh thvfdng difdc svL dung dudi dang thuoc ong hay vien nang, v6i muc dich d\i phong va phuc hoi dot quy, phong ngiia nghen dong mach vanh t i m , phong suy giam tuan hoan nao, chQa gian t i n h mach va viem nghen tinh mach... Dong y CO truyen thifdng dung qua, i t k h i diing la. Theo Dong y, bach qua c6 t i n h binh, v i d i n g ngot. Co tac dung l i l m phe, dinh suy§n, chi di nieu, bach d6i... Dung chfla cac chijfng ho, hen, viem k h i quan man tinh, lao phoi, di tieu nhieu Ian, dai dam, dai son, tieu tien khong t u chu, di tinh, bach d6i... Dung ben ngoai de t r i lei ngijfa. Thdi xufa, k h i con che do khoa cxi cu, triidc k h i di t h i si tvi thifdng luoc mot so' bach qua an de ngan chan tieu tien k h i vao phong t h i . Mot so bdi thuoc Dong y c6 truyen, cd dung ngan hanh:

• ChiJCa cam lanh, ho c6 ddm, thd suyen, coco tieng khb khe: Bach qua hoc trong la ngai ciiu niJdng chin, ngay an 3-4 qua. 14

• Bach qua dinh suyen thang: Bach qua 21 qua sao vang, ma hoang 12g, to t\i 8g; khoan dong hoa, che ban ha, tang bach bi, m6i v i deu 8g, tarn mat sao; hanh nhan bo v6 va dau nhon, hoang cam sao qua, deu 6g, cam thao 4g. Niidc 600ml. sac 3 Ian. Gan lay nUdc, chia nhieu Ian uong trong ngay. • ChiJta di dai luon, tieu tien qua nhieu, niXdc tieu trdng due: Bach qua 10 qua, 5 de song, 5 nii6ng chin. Gom ca hai thijt vao an trong ngay. • Bdi thuoc tri mgng tinh: Bach qua 3 den 5 hat, dun v6i riidu, uong lien 4-5 ngay. • Bdi thuoc tri ddi ha: Bach qua, khiem thiic, sdn dvfdc, xa tien t\l, mSi v i 9g, s&c, uong 2 Ian trong ngay. ^ • Tri s(fn an gay siCng, ngi2a: La ngan hanh va la k i m ngan, hai t h i i bang nhau, dun nii6c riia.

CIA TRI Dl/dC DUNG •

•

'^'^

CUA RAU SAM

Theo Dong y, rau sam tinh han, v i chua, c6 tac dung thanh nhiet giai doc, Idi tieu t r ^ thap, tan huyet tieu siing, sat trung sat khuan. Sau day la mot so'bai thuoc ve rau sam.

1. Rau sam kho 45g, cho nif6c vao s&c, moi ngay 2 Ian. Nen dung loai tifdi t h i lay 150g, gia nat vSt lay nifdc uo'ng, uohg lam 2 Ian, c6 the chiia viem ruot va l i triJc trung. 2. Rau sam kho 60g hoac rau sam ti/cfi 200g,

sSc lay niidc chia lam 2 Ian uohg, chQa chilng ra huyet nhieu sau k h i sinh de. 3. Rau sam kho 30g, phdc tieu SOg, dun nxidc chia lam 2 Ian xong rvfa. Moi ngay 20 phut, c6 the chiia t r i hoac vet siing tay sau mo. 4. Rau

sam tUdi riCa sach cho muoi an

vita

phdi gia nat roi dSp vao cho ghe 16, c6 tac dung tieu viem, diet khuan. 5. Rau sam ti/cfi 250g, toi 1 cu dem dun len uohg nii6c thay t r a , c6 the chiia diidc lao phoi. 6. Rau sam titcfi gia ndt vat lay niCdc, tron v6i

10. Rau sam titai 200g, cho nUdc sic uong. Ngay uohg 3 l^n, c6 the chiia viem Idi. 11. Rau sam lOOOg rvLa sach, cho niidc vao luoc an, CO the chiia viem gan truyen nhiem, benh hoang dan, say nSng va ghe lb. 12. Rau sam lOOg, n i a sach gia nat ddp vao chS dau, CO the chiia quai bi, (viem tuyen niidc hot), viem nieu dao, vet r i n doc c l n , viem loet am dao, bong da, ghe mu. 13. Rau sam titcfi gia nat v&t lay nxia. coc niidc, pha v6i 30g mat ong, uong vdi niidc soi, c6 the chiia ho lau ngay va bach ddi qua nhieu. 14. Rau sam dot thdnh than nghien thdnh bot min, d i p ngoai c6 the chiia benh viem loet ro'n tre em.

dam gao liidng bang nhau, boi vao cho dau, c6 the chiia difdc benh ngiia chan. 7. Rau sam luoc lay niCdc pha dubng uong, c6

"NCA B A T

the chiia tieu chay ddn thuan b tre em va benh bach hau. 8. Rau sam tiCcfi 500g, rijta sach thai nho, cho diidng do 150g, sSc niidc trong 30 phut roi uohg nifdc luc con am, dSp chan cho ra mo hoi, ngay uohg 3 Ian, c6 the chiia difdc dai dat, dai buot, dai son va dai due. 9. Rau sam ti/cfi lOOg, ma de 7 cay sSc niidc uong chiia di tieu ra mau. 16

THirC

THAO"

C H C A ViEM MUl D I

+ Hoi:

Toi bi viem mui di itng dd Idu. Gdn ddy c6

ngu&i cho mot don thuoc nghiem.

UNG

Nhung

Bdc,

noi rdng rat

hieu

trong don do lai c6 mot vi thuoc la

"nga bat thuc thdo" ma toi khong sao kie'm ra duac. Vi nh& ngudi quen tim mua d cdc hieu thuoc Bdc a Hd Npi va Hdi Phdng deu khong co ban. Rat "Thuoc

vudn nhd"

cho Met, vi thuoc

mong

"nga bat thuc

T H I / V I E W T I N H BINH T H U A N J

thdo"

CO tdc dung gi, co the tint of ddu hodc co the

thay the bang mot vi thuoc khdc di kie'm hay khong?

Coc m S n l a m o t loai co nho, t h a n m e m , moc bo I a n , canh loa xoa moc sat m a t d a t , p h a n r a t n h i e u canh, ci ngon c6 long t r S n g m i n , n h i f n g

+ D a p : T r o n g Dong y T r u n g Quoc (TQ), "nga

t o a n t h a n t r o n g n h a n bong. L a ddn, mep co k h i a

b a t thtfc thao" la t e n c h m h t h i i c (chinh danh)

1-3 r a n g cufa, moc so le. C u m hoa h i n h d a u , moc

cua thijt cay ci mi&c t a goi l a "cdc man", t e n khoa

ci nach l a , hoa cai gom n h i e u 16p, c a n h hoa h i n h

hoc l a cay Centipeda m i n i m a (L.). "Nga b a t thvfc

ong m a u t r a n g , t r e n co r a n g ciia, t r a n g hoa h i n h

t h a o " CO n g h i a l a t h i i co m a con ng6ng k h o n g a n

chuong CO 4 r a n g h i n h t r i i n g rong, m a u h d i t i m .

(nga = con ngdng, b a t thvfc = k h o n g a n , thao =

Qua 4 canh, t r e n canh co long m i n nho. MCia

co). Cay con co r a t n h i e u t e n khac, nhif

"cdc

hoa: Cac t h a n g 2-5; m i i a qua: Cac t h a n g 4-7. De

mSn", "cue ma", "co t h e " , "cay thuoc mong", "cay

d i i n g l a m thuoc, t h i i d n g h a i t o a n cay ca re,

t r a m chan", "coc ngoi" ( m i e n N a m ) ; " t h a c h ho

d u n g t i i d i h a y p h d i hoac say k h o .

t u y " , " d i a ho t i e u " , "cau t ^ thao",... C a n l u u y l a , t a i m o t so" dia p h i f d n g ci T Q , "nga b a t thuc thao" con difdc d u n g de c h i cay " t i e u v6 t a m t h a i " va cay "lao t h ^ ciidc t i c h " , n h i f n g do chi l a " d i d a n h " ( k h o n g p h a i t e n c h i n h t h i i c ) . Can c i i vao tac d u n g chuta v i e m m i i i , co t h e k h i n g d i n h , "nga b a t t h i i c thao" t r o n g ddn thuoc cua b a n ci V i e t N a m goi l a cay "coc m a n " . Cay coc m & n moc hoang ci kh&p nhutng n d i a m t h a p , thUdng t h a y ci r u o n g bo hoang, bd ao, v e n dUdng... N g a y t r o n g t h a n h pho" H a N o i , ci n h i e u chan t i i d n g a m , cung t h a y cay moc n h i e u . Cay c h i dUdc b a n dCing l a m thuoic b m o t v a i h a n g l a , t r o n g cac cuta h a n g Dong N a m difdc r a t i t k h i CO. T u y n h i e n , b a n co the t u d i k i e m cay coc mSn ve d u n g , dvfa theo nhiJng dac d i e m sau: 18

t^AUH i H H ! 8 H*1fT

UHT

Theo D o n g y, coc m a n co v i cay, t i n h a m , vao k i n h t h u t h a i a m . Co tac d u n g trCf phong, t a n h a n , t h i n g t h a p , t h o n g m i i i . D u n g chiia cam mao, h e n s u y i n , v i e m hong, v i e m a - m i - d a n , ho ga, k i e t l i , \b loet ngoai da. Theo t a i l i e u c h u n g t o i co t r o n g t a y , ci T Q t h i f d n g d i i n g cay coc m&n de chiia v i e m m i i i d i l i n g theo m o t so' each n h u sau: - D u n g cay coc m i n (tUdi hoac k h o deu diidc) v6 n a t , d i i a vao sat 16 m i i i , h i t vao se h a t hdi, m o i ngay 2-3 I a n (Quy Chau ddn gian diC(Jc thdo). - V 6 n a t cay coc mSn n h e t vao lo m u i

(Triet

Giang ddn gian diCdc thdo). - D i i n g coc m&n, t a n d i hoa, s&c l a y niidc dSc, nho m u i 3-4 l&n (Ldm sang bien benh

hoc).

Coc m a n 2 p h a n ,

- Chita man ngvCa (eczema): - D u n g coc m a n , x u y e n k h u n g , te t a n , t a n d i

d&u x a n h 1 p h a n , muo'i v a i h a t . Ca 3 thvf gia

hoa, t h a n h dai, t a n t h a n h hot m i n , d i i a sat vao

nho dap len n d i eczema da rtÂ£a sach (NhOng

16 m u i , h i t 3-4 I a n (Lam sang bien benh

hoc).

thuoc vd vi thuoc Viet Nam).

Mot so dm thuoc khdc c6 dung cay coc

man:

- ChQa ho: Coc m & n (kho 15g hoac 30g t i i d i ) , niidc 5 0 0 m l , sSc con 1 0 0 m l , c h i a 3 I a n u o n g trong Viet

ngay

(NhSng

cay

thuoc

Nam).

- ChQa ho gd: D u n g coc m S n 80g, cat canh, cam thao, bach bp - m o i t h i i 60g, d i i d n g t r S n g 250g, sSc v d i 1.500ml nUdc, d u n can con 750ml, ngay u o n g 3 Ian, m o i I a n 10-15ml (Thao

dU(3c

thai sac do phd). - ChUa

viem

a-mi-dan:

- C A f c nhqt

cay ji*

D u n g coc m a n mot n i m

doc:

(khoang 15-20g), x u y e n sdn giap 2g ( t h i e u t o n t i n h ) , difdng quy v i 9g, t h e m 1 bat r i i d u , gia v i t lay nxidc uong, ba d i p len n h o t (Tan gidn

tap

phi/cfng).

- Chita

tri Id loet sitng

D u n g coc m & n

dan:

mot m a n gia dap (Tan Ho tap gidn - Chiia

viem

da than

kinh:

x a t vao cho da b i b e n h (Quy

phiiOng).

DCing coc m a n Chau

dan

gian

dU<3c thao).

D u n g coc m i n 30g,

gao nep 30g. Triicic het gia coc m a n lay nudc cot n g a m gao nep, sau do n g h i e n gao nep t h a n h bot niidc, cho n g i i d i benh n g a m va n u o t tijf t\i tijfng i t m o t (Qudng

Tdy dan gian

thiCdng dung

thao

duac).

CO SEO CA CHUA KHOI VET CHAM? H o i : Ban chdu tren mat c6 vet chdm, md ngay xua cdc cu thuang gpi Id cdi bdt. Chdu doc tren bdo

- ChiJta suyen

thd kho khe do hdn ddm

nghen

thdy ndi, diing c6 seo gd c6 the chiia khoi

tdc: D u n g coc m a n n g h i e n lay niidc cot hoa v d i

Nhung

rUdu u o n g (Tan Ho tap gidn

ngay ca bdc chdu

- Chita li amip:

phiCcfng).

DCmg coc mSn, 6 quyet (con goi

chdu da di tim vd hoi md khong nhd Idm thuoc

khong Met cdy ndy. Vdy "Thuoc

1^ "6 cxiu", " h a n h den", moc hoang n h i e u ndi d

cho chdu don thuoc

nxidc ta, t e n khoa hoc: Stenoloma chusanum (L.)

vet chdm hay khong?

Ching) - moi t h i i 15g, sfic nildc uong (Thao

bao gid tim thdy.

thai sac

dUdc

Dong

duoc.

Met,

cung

vu&n nhd" c6 the

khdc, co the chiia khoi

duoc

Vi c6 seo gd chdu se khong -

dopho).

Dap: "Co seo ga" la ten goi khac cua thiL c6 moc hoang k h i p ndi d n\idc ta. Trong Dong y, loai thao difOc nay c6 ten la "phiidng v i thao" (c6 duoi phifdng), nen k h i chau hoi c6 seo ga, bac chau tuy lam thuoc ma khong nhan ra. Co seo ga - "phvfdng v i thao" con c6 t e n la "te diep phiidng v i thao", " t i n h k h a u bien thao" (c6 moc ci hb gieng), " t i n h k h i e m " (loai khiem thao moc gan gieng), "phiidng hoang thao", "sdn ke v i " . . . Ten khoa hoc la Pteris multifida Poir. Seo ga la mot loai cay than c6, cao khoang 15-25cm, CO cay cao hdn. L a chia t h a n h nhieu phien nho, dai, mep c6 rang cufa, phien nho 6 dau la dai hdn ca, thoat n h i n trong giong n h i i nhflng canh cua cay. GiQa cac phien la noi ro gan chinh, tu: gan nay toa ra nhieu gan p h u h i n h long chim, xep song song v6i nhau. Hai ben mep phien la mang cd quan sinh san goi la "o tii nang" xep thanh mot diidng thang lien tuc. Theo Dong y, phifdng v i thao c6 v i nhat, hdi d i n g , tinh lanh, hdi doc. Vao 2 k i n h than va v i . Co tac dung thanh nhiet, Idi thap, lifdng huye't, chi l i . Dung chufa kiet l i man tinh, l i triic trung, viem ruot, viem difdng tiet nieu; ngoai cam phat sot, sifng hau hong, viem tuyen midc hot, dinh nhot, lei ngijfa ngoai da. Lieu diing 30-60g cay

kho sic uong. Dung ngoai lay cay tiidi gia nat, hoac dung cay va rS hd lOta, nghien min, tron vdi dau vijfng boi. f^'t Trong nhQng t a i lieu chung toi c6 trong tay, khong thay noi ve tac dung chiJa vet cham cua CO phifdng V I , va ciing chifa diidc chilng kien triidng hdp nao diing c6 nay chiia khoi vet cham, T i m diidc cay nay, neu sijf dung c6 ket qua tot, hy vong ban se phan hoi lai, de chiing toi pho bien cho cac ban doc khac.

LA NHOT CHUA VIEM KHI OUAN MAN TINH + Hoi: Toi bi viem khi qudn dd Idu. Co ngudi noi CO the diing Id nhot sao vdng ha tho sac nude uong de chiia. Rat mong

"Thuoc

vitcm nhd" cho Met ro hon

ve tac dung chiia benh cua cdy nhot; Ld nhot co the sH dung de chiia viem khi qudn hay khong? Cdch

dung cu the nhu the nao?

+ Dap: Cay nhot con co ten la "cay lot" (mien Trung); "co lot" (dan toe Thai); trong Dong y goi la "ho doi tvL", con goi la "bo doi t ^ " , "16 do tk", "da ty ba", "thanh minh t ^ " . . . Ten khoa hoc la Elaeagnus latifoila L. ,

Ngoai tac dung dung qua de an, toan bo cac bo phan cua cay nhot deu c6 the sit dung lam thuoc. Theo Dong y, qua nhot c6 vi chua chat; tinh binh. Co tac dung thu liem, chi huyet (chohg chay mau), chi khai binh suyen. DCing chiia roi loan tieu hoa, kiet li, ho suyen, bang huyet, san khi, tri lei loet... Ri cay nhot (thiidng dao vao thang 9-10, phdi kho dCing dan) c6 vi chua; tinh binh. Co tac dung chi khai (chong ho), chi huyet (cam mau), trijf phong, Idi thap, tieu tich tre, Idi yet hau. DCing chiia cac chiing benh ho suyen, tho huyet, khac ra mau, dai tien ra mau, kinh nguyet qua nhieu, phong thap kh6p xufdng dau nhijtc, hoang dan, ta li, tre nho cam tich, yet hau sufng dau,... Ld nhot CO vi chua, tinh binh. Dung chiia cac chijtng ho, hen, ho ra mau, kho thcf, ung nhot,... Dac biet, theo sach "Ban thdo ciicfng muc" cua nha diidc hoc Ly Thdi Tran: Dung la nhot chfla ho suyen, ngay ca doi v6i ngiidi bi rat nang ciing CO ket qua. Sach da de cap t6i triidng hdp mot ngiidi mkc benh da 30 nam, uo'ng la nhot bong nhien khoi benh. NgUdi hi nang, uong thuoc mot thdi gian, ci ngiJc se thay noi may day, ngijta ngay, phai gai. Ngiidi the tang suy yeu qua, thi cin them ciing mot liidng nhan sam vao uohg (goi la "thanh phe thang"). tt

Mot so bdi thuoc chua benh du&ng ho hdp c6 su: dung cay nhdt: - Chita cac chitng ho: La nhot tUdi 30g, sic v6i nufdc, them chut diidng vao uong trong ngay (Tuyen Chdu ban thdo). - Ho ra mdu do lao phdi: La nhot tiidi 24g, dildng 15g; dung nxidc soi ham nhii ham tra; ngay uohg 2 Ian, sau biia an (Man Dong bdn thdo). - Hen phe qudn; viem khi qudn man tinh: La nhot, ty ba diep, moi thii 15g; sSc midc uong; hoac diing la nhot sao vang tan min, ngay uong 2 l^n, moi Ian 5-6g, c6 the tron them chut diidng hoac mat ong, chieu thuoc bang nif6c soi (Triet Giang dan gian thudng dung thdo ditdc). - Chita hen suyin: (1) Dung la nhot sao vang, tan min, ngay uohg 2 Ian vao sang s6m va buoi toi, moi Ian 4g, dCing nxidc cdm nong chieu thuoc; lien tuc trong 15 ngay (mot lieu trinh); triidng hdp can thiet c6 the phai dieu tri nhieu lieu trinh. (2) Hoac dung la nhot tiidi 1 lang, skc nvidc, chia 3 Ian uohg trong ngay, lien tuc trong 10-15 ngay (Trung dUdc dai tit dien). - Chita hen suyen, khac nho ra mdu: La nhot kho 30g (tiidi 50-60g), la bong bong tiidi 5 la i lau sach long, thai nho; ta't ca dem sic nif6c uong (Trong hdi vd diing cay thuoc). 25

- CAz/a hen phequdn do phong hdn (nhiem gio lanh): R i cay nhot 30g, dUdng do 15g, sic nifdc uong sau buta an cdm (Man Dong ban thdo). :^'?>-f:!

CHCA + Hoi:

Lifdng y

v6 R I DAU TAM KHOI oirdc VIEM LOET

HuOan

DA DAY?

Toi nam nay 25 tudi, hien cong tdc trong

qudn dot Toi bi viem loet da day dd 3 ndm, dd dung nhieu loqi thudc nhung chi cdi thien rat it. Gdn ddy, CO ngu&i noi: diing vo cdy ri ddu tarn c6 the chiia khoi duffc benh nay. Mong biet CO dung

"Thudc

vu&n nhd"

cho

khong?

+ Dap: Cau hoi cua ban tuy chi de cap den mot v i thuoc cu the trong viidn nha, nhiing rat tieu bieu, v i Hen quan den mot so van de, ma nhieu ban doc khac quan tam, nen chiing toi se ly giai. Vo r l cay dau tkm, tuy khong phai la mot bai thuoc chuyen dung chQa viem loet da day man tinh, nhiing theo chiing toi nghi: Co kha nang chuta khoi diidc benh viem loet da day, cho mot so doi tiidng nhat dinh. Vay t h i , vo r l dau tam CO the ap dung trong trildng hdp nao va chonh-Qng ai? 26

Trii6c k h i dua ra cau tra Idi cu the, can noi qua ve sU khac biet trong each tiep can ciia Dong y va Tay y doi v6i benh viem loet da day man tinh. ; Hien tai, Tay y coi v i khuan Helicobacter pylori la nhan to" chu yeu gay viem loet da day. Helicobacter pylori (HP) la mot loai v i khuan hinh que, dang xoSn, gam am, do hai nha khoa hoc Uc, cac ong Robin Warren va Barry Marshall phat hien nam 1983, t6i nam 1995 da difdc gi6i y hoc cong nhan va nam 2005 hai ong da diidc nhan giai N6-ben ve y hoc. Do coi nguyen nhan chu yeu gay viem loet da day la v i khuan, nen bien phap chu yeu de chQa t r i la dung thuoc khang sinh diet khuan. Viec s\i dung thuoc diet khuan de chQa viem loet da day c6 rat nhieu vfu diem, nhii vet loet lanh nhanh hdn va i t t a i phat hdn; nhd the tranh dvtdc nhiing d i i n tien nguy hiem, nhii ung thtf da day... Tuy nhien, hien tai chiia the khang dinh, v6i viec phat hien v i khuan Helicobacter pylori, benh viem loet da day da vinh v i i n di vao di vang. V i sao dung bien phap diet khuan khong the t r i tan goc viem loet da day? Van de la, tuy y hoc hien dai phat hien Helicobacter pylori la nhan to' chu yeu gay nen viem loet da day, tuy cung biet ro la, Helicobacter pylori la loai v i khuan khong lay Ian qua tiep xiic thong thufdng, ma qua nii6c hot ban ra k h i noi chuyen, qua phan, qua cac dich tiet cua diidng tieu hoa,... nhUng y hoc v l n 27

chtfa biet ro dxiOc cd che s i n h benh. Chifa t h e l y giai diidc v i sao Hehcobacter p y l o r i l a i c6 t h e t o n

+ Dap: Co bd moc h o a n g ci k h d p n d i , thufdng

tai t r o n g da day, t r o n g k h i da day la m o i t r i f d n g

t h a y b bd ao, bd r u o n g , d a m l a y , nhiJng n d i a m

acid - C O k h a n a n g t i e u diet cac v i s i n h v a t ; cang

thap,... Co bd con co t e n l a " t h a p t i i thao", "tijt

chtfa t h e l a m r o m o i l i e n quan giiia sii x u a t h i e n

diep thao", " d i e n t u thao", " p h a dong t i e n " , "da

Helicobacter p y l o r i t r o n g da day - gay v i e m loet,

hdp

vdi t r a n g t h a i can bang toan t h a n . N h i i vay, viec

quadrifolia L .

phat h i e n r a Helicobacter p y l o r i t u y l a h\ldc t i e n rat q u a n t r o n g , n h i i n g chiia t h e n o i rSng y hoc da t i m r a can nguyen gob re gay n e n benh v i e m loet da day. Dong y v a T a y y deu c6 sci t r i i d n g v a sci doan. D6i v d i t r i i d n g hdp cua b a n , theo c h i i n g t o i n g h i , nen d i k h a m v a l a m cac xet n g h i e m l i e n q u a n , neu t r o n g da day c6 vi khudn Helicobacter p y l o r i , t h i n e n d i i n g cac thuoc diet k h u a n ciia y hoc h i e n dai, s a u do d u n g thuoc Dong y de cung co' h i e u hlc v a p h o n g benh t a i p h a t .

thao",...

Ten

khoa

hoc

Marsilea

Co bd l a cay t h a n m a n h , bo I a n d i i d i dat, chia t h a n h n h i e u m a u . M 6 i m a u moc r a m o t chCim rยง va 2 l a C O cuong d a i 5-15cm. M 5 i l a gom 4 l a chet, xep cheo h i n h chQ t h a p . T o i den, cac l a chet r u x u o n g ( n e n co t e n l a "da hdp thao", n g h i a l a t o i den l a k h e p l a i ) . Bao tvf q u a r a t be, n&m b goc cuong l a , chia l a m n h i e u 6 ngang, b e n t r o n g chiJta bao th n a n g 16n. Co bd l a v i thuoc d a n gian, thiicing sijf d u n g de chiia t r i m o t so chuCng benh d i i d n g t i e t n i e u , nhif d a i r i t , d a i buot, soi t h a n , soi b a n g quang... Co n d i con d u n g co bd l a m r a u song. M o t so each sxL d u n g c u the:

Sir DUNG CO B d CHUA TIEU TIEN KHO KHAN

^ + Hoi: Toi nghe mot songudi noi, diing cay co bff CO the chUa duac chicng di tieu kho khan. De nghi "Thuoc vu&n nha" cho biet co dung khong? Neu dung, xin noi ro, cay co bff thu&ng moc ff ddu, co hinh dang nhu thendo? 28

- CMa tieu tien khong thong: D i i n g co bd t i i d i 20-30g (hoac co k h o 10-15g) sic nUdc uong t h a y niidc t r o n g ngay. - ChUa soi than, soi bang quang: Dung co bd t i f d i , gia n a t , vfit l a y nii6c cot, loc l a y niidc t r o n g , m 6 i sang s6m uong 1 bat, h e n t u c 5 ngay (mot l i e u t r i n h ) .

- Chita tieu khdt (ddi thdo diCdng): D u n g c6

Quoc) de l a m thuoc n h u a n t r a n g hoac thuoc t a y ,

bd, t h i e n hoa p h a n , m 6 i v i 10-15g, sSc u o h g t h a y

chiia tao bon, t i e u hoa k e m , a n uohg c h a m t i e u .

nu6c t r o n g ngay.

L i e u dCing de n h u a n t r a n g : 3-5g, de t a y : 6-lOg;

f K - o:;

dxidi

dang thuoc s i c h a y thuoc hot, d u n g r i e n g

hoac phoi hdp v d i cac v i thuoc khac. •V

TAC DUNG CHUA BENH CUA CAY CHUT CHIT + Hoi: Gdn nhd toi, cd rat nhieu cay chut chit moc hoang. De nghi "Thuoc vudn nhd" cho bie't, cay chut chit CO thediing lam thuoc ditffc khong? Neu duffc thi CO the SVC dung chica nhUng benh gi vd each diing cu the nhu the ndo? + Dap: Cay chut chit con c6 t e n la " t r u t t r i t " , "\\idi

bo", "nguu t h i e t " , "tho dai hoang", "difdng de

Don thuoc CO sH dung chut chit: - Nhuan

trang, tay: C u c h i i t c h i t p h d i k h o ,

t h a i mong 4-8g ( n h u a n t r a n g d u n g 4g, t a y dCing 8g), cam thao 4g, nii6c 300ml. S i c con 150ml. Chia n h i e u I a n u o h g t r o n g ngay. - ChiCa hdc lao: C u c h i i t c h i t t h a i l a t , p h d i kho lOOg, r i f d u 600-500ml. N g a m 10-15 ngay, sau do CO t h e d u n g b o n ^ t h a m r i i d u thuoc, b o i vao n h i i n g v e t h i e lao da r i i a sach. C o n c6 t h e d i i n g de b o i ghe v a m u n t r i i n g ca. LLfdng y

HuDan

thao"... T e n khoa hoc l a Rumex m a r i t i m u s L . De dung l a m thuoc, t h i i d n g dung cu hoac toan c a y . . Theo D o n g y, c h u t c h i t c6 v i chua d i n g , t i n h l a n h . Co tac d u n g t h a n h n h i e t , l i i d n g h u y e t , sat t r u n g . D u n g chiia tao bon v a m u n n h o t , lei loet

LA VA HOA PHU DUNG, >j , r CO TAC DUNG GI?

ngoai da. T r o n g d a n gian, t r i i d c d a y n g i i d i t a t h i i d n g d u n g l a x a t vao nhufng cho da h i h i e lao

+ Hoi: Gdc sdn nhd toi c6 cay phii dung do ong npi

hoac du.ng nildc s i c l a v a re de chQa h a y rvLa cac

trong lam cdnh. Gdn day toi nghe noi, phii dung cUng

m u n ghe. T r o n g t h d i bao cap, m o t so" t h a y thuoc

CO the SVC dung Idm thuoc. Vdy de nghi "Thuoc vu&n

D o n g y ci nif6c t a t h i i d n g d u n g cu c h i i t c h i t t h a y

nhd" gidi thich cho Met, cay phii dung c6 thediing de

the cho v i thuoc d a i hoang (phai n h a p t\i T r u n g

chica nhiicng benh gi, vd each svcdung nhu the ndo?

+ Dap: Phu dung la loai cay moc hoang va diidc trong khap ndi de lam canh. Cay con c6 rat nhieu ten khac, nh\i "moc phu dung", "moc lien", "c\l sUdng", " s U d n g giang", "tuy tvLu. phu dung", "dai diep phu dung", "dia phu dung", "thuy phu dung", "that tinh",... Ten khoa hoc la Hibiscus mutabilis L., thuoc ho Bong (Malvaceae). Phu dung la mot cay nhd, c6 canh mang long ng&n hinh sao. La 5 canh, phia cuo'ng la hinh t i m , difdng k i n h la c6 the dat tdi 15cm, mep la CO r&ng ctfa, mat dii6i c6 nhieu long hdn. Hoa 16n, dep, moc ddn doc hoac t u l a i thanh chiim. Hoa phu dung c6 dac diem: K h i m6i nci vao buoi sang hoa c6 mau trSng, den chieu t h i nga mau hong do (do trong la c6 chat anthoxyanozit). Qua hinh cau, c6 long mau vang nhat. Hat hinh triing, CO nep nhan nho, mang long dai. Dong y thudng dung la va hoa phii dung lam thuoc, trong mot so' trifdng hdp con dung ca v6 re. La thildng hai vao hai mua he, t h u : C&t lay phien la, phdi kho trong bong ram (am can), bao quan b ndi kho rao va thoang gio de ddng dan; can thiidng xuyen phdi lai de chong am moc. Hoa thifdng hai vao k h i nd, dem phdi trong bong ram hoac say kho dung dan. Re chi nen dao k h i can thiet. - Ld phii dung, theo Dong y: c6 v i cay, k h i binh. Co tac dung lUdng huyet (mat mau), giai

doc, tieu thung (chiJa phu thung), chi thong (giam dau). ThUdng dCing chijfa mun nhot siing nong dau nhiJLc, dau m&t do, zona (gidi leo), b i don nga chan thifdng... - Hoa phu dung c6 v i cay, k h i binh. Co tac dung thanh nhiet (giai nhiet), lifdng huyet (mat mau), tieu thiing, giai doc. Thifdng dung chiJa ung thiing, dinh nhot, bong, ho do phe nhiet (tang phe bi nong), tho huyet, bang lau, k h i hvf (bach ddi)... Tren thiic te, trong dan gian thiidng diing la va hoa phii dung de chufa t r i cac loai mun nhot. Theo sach "NhUng cay thuoc va, vi thuoc Viet Nam" cua GS. D6 Tat Ldi: La tiidi va hoa tiidi diidc nhan dan gia d i p mun nhot dang mifng mu, de hut mu va lam cho dd dau. Co the dung la hoac hoa phdi kho tan nho, k h i dung them niidc che dac, tron deu thanh mot thijf bot nhao, dap len ch6 sifng dau. K h i thuoc kho lai thay thuoc khac. Neu mun mdi miJng mu, c6 the d9 dau mun se tieu di, neu mun da chin chong vd mu. Theo sach "Ban thdo cUOng muc" cua Ly Thdi Tran (TQ): La va hoa phii dung, c6 k h i binh, khong nong va khong lanh, v i hdi cay, lai c6 tinh trdn nh6t dinh, diing chiSa ung nhot. Cac thay lang chuEa benh ngoai da do muoh giii b i mat, dat ten thuoc la "thanh lifdng cao", "thanh 33

16 tan",... ThUc ra, nhiJng loai thuoc do deu difdc che tCf cay p h u dung. Diing la, hoa hoac v6 r i phu dung, CO the chiia khoi tat ca cac loai ung nhot, nhu nhii ung (viem tuyen vii), chin me, xa dan (zona - "gidi leo" theo each goi dan gian),... Du la da mifng m u hay chifa mifng mu, da vd mieng hoac chiia vd mieng, deu c6 the chfla dufdc. Dung txidi hay phdi kho nghien m i n deu diidc. Tron vdi mat boi k i n chung quanh, de hd dau nhot, thuoc kho t h i thay. Mdi boi c6 cam giac d l chiu, mat, dd dau nong va het silng; da miJng mu t h i m u doc t u lai va tieu di; da vd m u t h i m u d l chay r a va mau lanh mieng. Neu them chut "xich tieu dau" (loai dau do nho hat), tac dung cang tot. ^ Ket qua nghien cijtu difdc l y cho thay: Dich chiet 10% hoa va la phu dung, c6 tac dung ijfc che kha manh doi v6i t u cau vang, lien cau khuan tan huyet va tnic khuan m u xanh; Vdi true khuan thUdng han va coli ciing c6 tac dung lie che ci mijtc do nhat dinh. Mot so each sii dung cu the: â&#x20AC;˘ ChUa tat cd cac loai ung nhot: La phu dung phdi kho, nghien min, qua ke dau ngiJa (thiidng nhi t^) sao ton t i n h (rang hoac dot to lv(a cho den k h i mat thuoc chay den nhil than, nhiing ben trong v^n giii nguyen mau thuoc), nghien min; hai t h i i lUdng bSng nhau. Hoa vdi mat ong 34

tron deu. Dung de chiia tat ca cac loai mun nhot nhii hau boi, mun dau dinh, nhot hoc, chin me, nhii ung (sUng vu),... - ChUa zona (gidi leo): Dung la hoac hoa phu dung, am can (phdi kho trong bong ram), t a n bot, tron vdi giam gao, boi vet thiidng, ngay boi 3-4 Ian. - ChUa bong: Bung hoa phu dung tifdi, ngam v6i dau an, k h i hoa chim xuohg day t h i loc lay d i u , dung vao lb n u t k i n diing dan; diing gao hoac bong v6 trung tham dau thuoc, boi nhe len vet bong, ngay 2-3 Ian. - Chi/a ho ra mau: Diing hoa phii dung 9-10 bong, sic nUdc uo'ng; ngay 2-3 Ian. - ChUa dau mat do: Diing la phCi dung, phdi kho trong bong ram (am can), tan min, tron vdi nUdc thanh t h i i hot nhao, d i p len 2 thai dudng, dung bang dinh co" dinh l a i ; ngay thay thuoc 2-3 Ian. - ChUa kinh nguyet keo ddi khong di2t. Dung hoa phCi dung kho 10-15g (20-30g tUdi), sic nUdc uohg trong ngay. - Viem dm dao: Dung la phu dung tUdi khoang 1kg, sac lay nUdc ngam rijfa, moi ngay mot Ian. - Viem khdp: Dung hoa hoac la phu dung 15g, xich tieu dau (dau do nho hat) 15g, h a i t h i i 8ft

nghien nho, t r o n vcli m a t ong, d i p l e n nhQng

"16 bien t h a n h " ; con c6 t e n khac nhvf " t h a n h

cho kh6p b i v i e m . C u n g c6 the c h i d u n g l a p h u

thao tarn", "sdn v i hoa",

dung, p h d i kho, t a n hot, t r o n mfit ong d i p vao

t h a n h " , " x i i dai t h a n h " , " d a i bach g i a i " , . . . T e n

cho kh6p xifdng h i v i e m .

khoa hoc la Clerodendron

"sdn t a t " , "luc

dau

cyrtophyllum Turcz,

ho Co r o i ngvfa. Bo may l a loai cay nho, cao k h o a n g I m . C a n h t r o n , luc non c6 long, k h i gia t h i n h l n . L a moc

PHONG CAM CUM Vdl CANH LA BO MAY

doi, h i n h mac, d a u n h o n , p h i a cuong c i i n g n h o n hay h d i t r o n , h a i m a t deu n h i n , m a u x a n h luc

โ ข + Hoi:

t h & m , d a i 5-13cm, r o n g 3-7cm; gan noi ro d m a t

Toi bi viem phe qudn dd Idu nam. Dd sue

diicii; k h i v6 la t h a y c6 m u i h o i dac t r i f n g . Hoa

dung rat nhieu khdng sink md benh khong khoi hdn;

m a u t r i n g , hdp t h a n h ngu, moc d d a u c a n h t r e n

ctl moi khi then tiet thay doi benh Iqi tdi phdt. Gdn ddy

ngon cay, n h i tho d a i . Qua hach, h i n h t r i i n g , hoc

ditcfc mot nguai ban mdch cho mot bdi thuoc gia

t r o n g dai.

truyen: Dung Id vd cdnh non cua cay bp may, phdi hop vdi Id nhot, moi thit mot nam, sao vdng, hq tho, sac nude uong thay trd trong ngdy. Ngudi ban noi rang, uong nhu vdy sau mot thdng thi benh se khoi hdn. De nghi "Thuoc vu&n nhd" cho bie't, Idm nhu vdy CO ca so hay khong? Ngodi ra, cdy bp may cdn c6 the si dung dechiia nhiJcng benh gi, vi cho tdi a, cdy bp may mpc hoang rat nhieu. + Dap:

Dong y thiJdng d u n g l a k e m theo canh n o n de l a m thuoc. C h i can loai bo tap chat va l a k h o , rvta sach, h o n g gan kho, c I t t h a n h t i f n g doan n g i n , p h d i hoac say kho, cat d n d i k h o

mat,

d u n g dan. M o t so' t r i i d n g hdp con s\i d u n g ca r i . Theo Bong y, c a n h va la bo m a y (goi l a " d a i t h a n h diep") c6 v i d i n g , k h i h a n ; vao 2 k i n h t a m va v i . Co tac d u n g t h a n h n h i e t , t a hoa, g i a i doc,

Bo m a y l a m o t cay thuoc da dvfdc

lUdng h u y e t ( m a t m a u ) , t a n iJt, c h i h u y e t

(elm

d u n g tCf l a u ddi t r o n g d a n gian va t r o n g D o n g y.

mau). T h i i d n g dving chQa cac c h i i n g b e n h

"hoa doc" gay nen, n h i i sot cao p h i e n k h a t , cam,

niidc t a , cay con c6 t e n l a : "bo net", " d i n g

cay", "lao dUc" ( m i e n N a m ) , "may k y cay"

(dan

cum, v i e m gan cap

t i n h do n h i e m t r i i n g , l i

toe Tay), "co k h i cay" (dan toe Thai),... T r o n g

nhiยงm k h u a n , v i e m diidng r u o t cap t i n h , v i e m

sach thuoc T r u n g Quoic, cay c6 t e n c h i n h thvic l a

phoi, q u a i b i (viem t u y e n nxidc hot), tho h u y e t .

nuc huyet (chay mau mui), ddn doc, mun nhot lei loet ngoai da... Dan gian thiidng dung cho phu nQ sau k h i sinh nci: Canh la bo may dem sao vang, sSc nif6c uohg, de giup an ngon cdm va chong l a i stic. Mot vai vung thUdng hai la non ve nau canh an. Re CO t i n h nang tifdng t i i nh\i canh la, nhifng con CO them tac dung trijf phong thap va chong dau nhilc. Mot sobdi

thud'c c6 svc dung bp may:

- Phong cdm mao: Moi ngay dung 15-20g la bo may tUdi, sic 2 nifdc, hdp hai nii6c lai, chia ra uong vao sang va chieu. Lien tuc trong 6 ngay. - Phong ngiia viem ndo B, viem mdng ndo: Dung la canh bo may 15g, dau tifdng 30g. Sic nxidc uo'ng trong ngay; lien tuc 7 ngay. - Di/ phong viem diCdng ho hap tren: Tai mot benh vien d Trung Quoc da tien hanh thv( nghiem: Moi ngay dung 15g dai thanh diep (la kem canh non bo may), sSc 2 mlQc, hdp hai midc lai, chia ra uong vao sang va chieu, lien tuc trong 6 ngay. Tien hanh quan sat nhom doi tifdng diidc uong thuoc dU phong bang niidc sSc la bo may cho thay, ty le ngiidi mSc benh diidng ho hap tren chi khoang 10%. Trong k h i do nhom do'i chiing (khong uo'ng thuoc dU phong) c6 ty le mSc benh tdi 24%. 38

- ChiJta viem phequdn man tinh, kem theo ho, kho thd: Diing canh la bo may tiidi 30g, la nhot tifdi 30g, hat cu cai 15g, sic niidc uohg trong ngay. Day la mot kinh nghiem dan gian, da lifu truyen tii lau ddi, b Viet Nam va Trung Quoc. Benh vien Nam Thong (Trung Quoc) da tien hanh kiem nghiem kinh nghiem nay. Ket qua cho thay: Tac dung chong ho va trvf ddm cua bai thuoc tren tiidng doi tot, nhufng tac dung chong kho thci trong benh hen khong ro rang. Tac dung doi v6i viem phe quan ddn thuan tot hdn, so v6i triidng hdp viem phe quan kem theo phe khi thung. N h i l vay, k i n h nghiem ngifdi ban mach la c6 cd sci. Tuy nhien, ban van nen den kham ci mot phong kham Dong y c6 uy t i n , de diidc cac thay thuoc cho biet, bai thuoc tren c6 hdp v6i the trang va benh t i n h cua ban hay khong. '^^'^

DUNG CAY THOM LOM CHUA BENH CHAM + Hoi:

Chdu toi hi mac benh cham da Idu ngay,

dung cdc thuoc tan dUffc thu&ng bi di itng. Gdn ddy ve que thdm gia dink, toi duac bd cu hang xom biet, CO the sit dung cdy thorn lorn dechHa.

cho

Trade khi

dp dung, toi rat mong duffc "Thuoc

vu&n nhd" noi

cho Met rd horn ve tdc dung cua thic thuoc dan gian nay. Xin chdn thdnh cam an.

+ Dap: Thorn lom la cay thuoc dan gian, thildng diJdc svL dung de chQa benh "thom lom an t a i " . Thiidng diidc dung la, hoac dung toan cay. T a i cac dia phiidng, cay c6 the c6 nhflng ten khac nhau, nhii "duoi tom", "mia gio", "bem", "mia bem", "mia nung", "cay 16m", "chuong chuong", "hoa kh6i m l u " . Ten khoa hoc la Polygonum sinense L., ho r a u ram (Polygonaceae). Trong D6ng y, thom lom diidc xep vao loai thu6'c "thanh nhiet giai doc". Theo Dong y, thom lom c6 v i ngot, t i n h binh, kh6ng doc, vao 3 k i n h can, ty va dai trang. C6 tac dung thanh nhiet giai doc, triif thap, tieu thung, chi thong (lam het dau), chQa ly, mun nhot, lei loet ngoai da... K i n h nghiem chQa "thom lom an t a i " da diJdc Khoa Da l i i u Quan Y vien 108 kiem dinh. "thom lom an t a i " thtfc chat la loet ke t a i - do n h i l m lien cau khuan. Ket qua kiem dinh cho thay, CO the st( dung thom lom de chQa nhQng benh ngoai da khac, do nhiem lien cau khuan, nhu ch6c dau, ch6c mep, ch6c da, eczema (cham) do nhiem khuan... D6i vdi benh cham, ket qua 40

thiJf nghiem

tren 14 benh nhan cho thay: 1 khoi han, 9 dd chay nu6c, 2 kh6ng chuyen bien, 2 nang them. Ket luan sd bo: Do'i vdi eczema, thom lom chi c6 tac dung lam giam trieu chijfng cap tinh. Theo chung t6i nghi, chi c6 the ap dung thxi kinh nghiem nay, theo nhQng each: H a i la tifdi, rtfa sach, gia nho, loc qua gac thanh mot dung dich dac. Hoac lay 5kg la tifdi, cho vao 10 l i t nxidc, dun can con 2 l i t , loc va c6 thanh cao. Dung dung dich la tiidi hoac cao b6i len ndi c6 t6'n thiidng ngay 2-3 Ian. TriJ6c k h i b6i thu6c c6 the ket hdp rxia, ngam, t&m bSng niidc la dun s6i de am pha them mu6i, thuoc t i m loang hoac n\idc CO v6 la thom lom tiJdi.

TAC DUNG CAI LAO HOAN DONG CUATRAIHOE + Hoi: phdng

Toi dgc cuon sack "Lieu phdp an uong

tri benh

cho ngu&i gid", trang 181 co toa

thuoc "Trd hodn dong",

ghi Id: Hoe gidc (qua hoe)

vita da diing, ngdy uong 3 Idn, mSi Idn l-3g hoe gidc, v&i nu&c soi de ngugi. Uong Idu ngdy co tdc dung bo than, sdng mat, chong beo phi, Ido suy, nen co ten la "hodn dong trd". Xin "Thuoc

vu&n nhd" hu&ng ddn

ve each bdo che vd su: dung hoe gidc vi hang ngdy toi vdn uong trd "euc hoe", cam thd'y rat tot. Md que toi lai trong rat nhieu hoe, diing nu hoa khong het, qua cdn Iqi tren cay de chin kho den... + Dap: Hoa hoe va qua hoe deu la nhQng v i thuoc thanh nhiet va chi huyet (cam mau) da diidc sii dung tiif lau ddi trong Dong y hoc. Trong sach thuoc, nu hoe thvfdng goi la "hoe me", hoa m6i nd goi la "hoe hoa". Trai hoe thifdng goi la "hoe giac", con c6 nhQng ten khac nhii "thien dau", "hoe thiic", "hoe tvi", "ciiu lien dang"... Ve mat lich suf, t r a i hoe diidc sk dung lam thuoc s6m hdn hoa hoe. Tac dung chfla benh cua hoe giac dUdc ghi chep s6m nhat trong sach "Than Nong ban thdo kinh", bo sach thuoc dau tien cua Dong y hoc, viet thdi Tan Han, each nay hdn 2.000 nam. Hoe hoa diidc svL dung lam thuoc muon hdn rat nhieu, khoang til thdi nha Tong, each nay khoang 1.000 nam, mdi b i t dau thay CO nhiing ghi chep ve tac dung chiJa benh cua hoa hoe. Hien t a i hoa hoe dUdc s\i dung nhieu hdn, nen ngiidi ta cung biet ro ve tac dung chuta benh cua hoa hoe, hdn la t r a i hoe. N u hoe (hoe m l ) , hoa hoe (hoe hoa) va t r a i hoe (hoe giac) c6 tac dung gan nhif tiJdng dong, nhifng cung c6 mot so' khac biet nhat dinh. Ve mat t i n h nang theo Dong y: 42

- Hoe me vd hoe hoa c6 vi dang, khi mat (tinh mat). Co tac dung lifdng huyet (mat mau), chi huyet (cam mau), thanh can (trCf nhiet b tang can). Thiidng dung chQa cac chilng xuat huyet nhvf tien huyet (dai tien xuat huyet), t r i huyet (tri xuat huyet), l i huyet (kiet l i phan l i n mau), bang lau, tho huyet, khac huyet, nuc huyet (chay mau cam), can nhiet muc xich ( m l t do do tang can nong), dau thong h u y i n viing (dau dau, choang vang), con dung de diJ phong triing phong (tai bien mach mau nao). - Hoe gidc c6 vi dang, khi hdn (tinh lanh). Co tac dung liidng huyet, chi huyet, nhuan can, thanh nhiet ta hoa. ThUdng dung chQa triidng phong ta huyet (viem ruot ia chay phan \kn mau), t r i huyet, bang lau, huyet lam (tieu tien nho giot Ian mau), huyet l i , tam hung phien muon (vung t i m ngot ngat kho chiu), phong huyen due dao (choang vang muon nga Ian); am sang thap difdng (Id ngiia ci ha bo). Hien tai y gia noi chung cho r i n g , tac dung lifdng huyet (mat mau) va chi huyet (cam mau) cua hoe hoa va hoe me manh hdn hoe giac. Nhiing tac dung thanh nhiet ta hoa va giang huyet ap cua hoe giac manh hdn hoe hoa, hoe mg. i Hoe hoa va hoe giac con khac biet ve " k h i " . ' Hoe hoa k h i mat, con hoe giac k h i han. Do do, ve van de kieng ky cung khong giohg nhau. 43

Theo y th\i co, doi v6i hoe m l va hoe hoa, ngifdi ty vi hif han (chiic nang tieu hoa suy yeu do han) can than trong trong k h i s\i dung. Trong k h i do, do'i v6i hoe giac, ngUdi ty v i h u han va phu nvi CO thai t h i khong nen dung (ky dung). "Ky dung" nen hieu la khong dung doc v i , trUdng hdp can thiet van c6 the svL dung, nhUng can pho'i hdp v6i cac v i thuoc khac. Theo cac nghien ciiu ve diidc ly hien dai, hoe m l , hoe hoa va hoe giac, deu c6 tac dung tot v6i he t i m mach: Tang sijtc co bop cua cd t i m , giam nhip t i m , giam liidng oxy tieu hao cua cd t i m , tang lUu liidng mau qua dong mach vanh, ha huyet ap, giam md mau, tang do ben cua thanh mach, du phong tai bien mach mau nao... NhU vay, tac dung "hoan dong" cua hoe hoa (hoe m l ) va hoe giac, can hieu la: Kiem che qua trinh lao hoa tren cd sd cai thien ch;jtc nSng he t i m mach, du phong va chuta t r i mot so' chiing benh. Trong y t h u co, thUdng noi t6i tac dung keo dai tuoi xuan cua hoe giac. T h i du, sach "Danh y biet luc" viet: "Ciiu phuc minh muc ich khi, d i u bat bach, dien nien". Nghia la uohg lau sang mSt, tang S t i c lUc, toe khong bac, keo dai tuoi tho; Sach "Pho tephitcMg" noi: Hai trai hoe, hoc bo v6, nhet hat vao mat bo, am can (phdi trong bong mat) 100 ngay. Moi ngay, luc tang sang, bung dang doi, an mot hat. Diing lau ngay toe bac bien thanh den, 44

rang da rung lai moc rang mdi, nhe ngUdi, keo dai tuoi tho. Sach "Ban thdo ciCOng muc" cua Ly Thdi Tran co ghi lai trUdng hdp: Co ngUdi ten la Dutu Kien Ngo, thUdng an trai hoe, tuoi da ngoai 70 rau toe v i n den, mSt v^n doc diidc chxL nho l i t i . Sach "Ban kinh phiing nguyen" viet: Hoe giac co tac dung "ich than thanh hoa; uohg lau rau toe khong bac". Co dieu, trong cac ket qua nghien ciiu hien dai, chUa thay co cd lieu khfing dinh tac dung "hoan dong" dac biet cua hoe giac, so vdi hoe hoa va hoe me. Ve each che bien va sCf dung hoe giac: K h i qua chin, hai ve bo cuong va tap chat, phdi ho&c sa'y kho, bao quan ndi kho mat. K h i dCing hoc bo v6, lay nhan (hat) ben trong. K h i dung vdi muc dich thanh nhiet ta hoa, t h i de song; De cam mau, t h i sao ton t i n h (ngoai chay den, trong vh\ con nguyen mau thuoc). Mot bdi thuoc co si dung hoe giac: - Hoe tit dm: Hoe giac liidng du diang. Moi ngay dCing 8-lOg, gia vun, ham nUdc uong thay tr^ trong ngay. Hoac tan thanh hot min, ngay uohg 3-4 Ian, m6i Ian l-3g hot thuoc, hoa vdi nUdc da dun soi. Phu n\l va ngUdi ty v i hu ban ky dung. Tac dung: Phong xd vtia dong mach ci ngvfdi cao tuoi, chQa cao huyet ap, benh mach vanh t i m , than kinh suy nhUdc, viem gan (Theo sach "ich tho trung thdo diidc tuyen gidi"). 45

- Nhdt tuy bat Ido dan: Hoe giac, lien t u (tua nhuy hoa sen), sinh dia hoang, ngu gia bi, moi t h i i 60g. Tat ca cac v i thuoc cho vao trong co'i da, dung chay g6 gia vun, dung vai lua hoc lai, ngam trong 5 l i t riidu tr^ng. Mua dong, xuan ngam 1 thang, mua t h u 20 ngay, mua ha 10 ngay. Ngam du so' ngay, rot ra uong tuy hijtng, tdi k h i nga nga say, chu y uong hang ngay, cho het riidu. Co tac dung lam den toe va keo dai tuoi tho (theo sach "Y Gidm"). - ChUa ung thiC dai trang: Dung hoe giae 15g, ma x i hien (rau sam) 15g, tien hae thao (Agrimonia nepalensis D. Don) 15g, bach anh (cay "ca d i n g ngot" - Solanum lyratum Thunb.) 15g, hoang t i n h 15g, cau ky tk 15g, ke huyet dang 15g, hoang ky 30g; sic niidc uong moi ngay mot thang (Theo sach "Khdng thung lUu trung dU(3c dich lam sang iJtng dung").

T A C D U N G C U A "DAY IVl6 LdN" + Hoi:

De nghi "Thuoc

vu&n nhd" gidi thieu cho â&#x20AC;˘â&#x20AC;˘

Met, nhung tac dung chica berth cua day md Ian.

+ Dap: "Day md Idn" trong sach thUc vat c6 ten la "dai hai". Cay eon c6 ten la "day hai", "then hai", "mifdp riing", "day sen", " M i c kinh" (Tay),... 46

Co ten khoa hoe la Hodgsonia (Blume) Cogn., thuoc ho b^u bi.

macrocarpa

Dai hai la mot loai day leo, moe khoe, than nhSn, CO the dai hdn 30m, thifdng moe leo tren cae cay to trong rijfng, phia tren chia thanh nhieu canh, moe xen ke nhau. La h i n h t i m , phien chia 3-5 thuy, mat tren xanh luc, mat dtfdi nhat mau hdn, dai, cijtng nhSn. Tua cuoh to, khoe va quan xoan. Hoa diic moe thanh chum, dang ngu. Hoa cai moe ddn doc ci ke la. Qua hinh cau, to cd t r a i dijfa. Cui t h i t trSng, hat to hinh trijfng det va khum. Hat song c6 v i d i n g , 4an ci nhiing vung c6 cay nay moe, thifdng niidng hat an, hay gia vdi muoi, an nhii muo'i lac. Hat chiia rat nhieu dau, mau vang nhat, khong mui, khong v i , gan giong md Idn, do do cay nay thifdng goi la "md Idn". Dau nay c6 the dung thay md, hoae de thSp den. Tae dung chQa benh cua dai hai thay difdc de cap trong sach "Nam dUdc than hieu" cua Tue U n h : Dung chuta cam mao va giai doc. De chQa cam sot thifdng pho'i hdp vdi s&n day, tia to, cu gau, danh danh va tinh tre. Dau dai hai sxjf dung de chiia l i va thong dai tien: Ngay uong 3-4 Ian, moi Ian 3-4g. Ben canh do, con CO the dung boi rom say, lei ngiia, hay vet bong, giup da chong lanh. . j 47

N g o a i r a , dong bao d a n toe i t ngifdi t h i f d n g d u n g h a t d a i h a i t a n bot, r l c vao t a i , k h i b i con v i t hoac nhutng con t r i i n g nho c h u i vao 16 t a i . LifOng y HuDan

DUNG "DAY MUOI" CHUA BENH TIEU DlTClNC

NhUa m u m a u vang. L a moc doi, p h i e n la h i n h hku due, d a i 6-7cm, r o n g 2,5-5cm, dau n h o n , c6 m u i ; l a C O 4-5 cap gan p h u , n h i n ci m a t dxidi t h a y ro h d n . Hoa nho m a u v a n g , xep t h a n h x i e m d a n g t a n ci nach l a , d a i hoa c6 long m i n , nci . vao t h a n g 7. Qua d a i , d a i 5,5cm, r o n g ci n^a dvidi, ben t r o n g c6 h a t det, v6i long mao d a i k h o a n g 3cm; cay k e t qua vao t h a n g 8. K e t qua n g h i e n cijtu difdc l y cho t h a y , n\idc s&c canh va l a day m u o i , c6 tac d u n g dieu t i e t

+ Hoi: T6i bi tieu du&ng dd nhieu nam, mdi Ian di

qua t r i n h t i e t i n s u l i n cua t a n g t u y , l a m g i a m

khdm bdc si vd mua thud'c theo dan ton rat nhieu

h a m l i i d n g dudng glucoza t r o n g nifdc t i e u . T a i

tien. Do kinh te cUng khong du ddt, nen rat mong

Singapore, ngUdi t a da sxi d u n g day m u o i de che

"Thud'c vu&n nhd" thong tin cho biet, c6 the dung

r a l o a i t r a , v 6 i t e n "Glucos Care", d i i n g chQa "

nhOng loqi "cdy nhd Id vu&n" ndo, de chica tri can

benh t i e u difdng va g i a m beo. T r a da difdc b a n ci

benh tieu du&ng hay khong?

ca M y , N h a t , va gan day b i t d a u d u n h a p vao

+ Dap:

Theo k e t qua d i e u t r a ve dUdc l i e u ,

ngay t a i N i n h B i n h , v a m o t so' t i n h m i e n Bftc khac, n h i i H a i Dvfdng, H a i Phong, Bkc Giang... C O m o t l o a i cay c6 t h e sxi d u n g de ho t r d t r i l i e u t i e u difdng k h a t o t , do l a cay "day m u o i " . Cay con c6 t e n l a "day t h i a canh", " v u hoa dang",

"chuy

canh

dSng",

ten

khoa

hoc

nu6c t a . N h u vay, tac d u n g chQa t i e u dadng cua day m u o i da diJdc t h i i a n h a n . TrUdng hdp cua bac, c6 the t u t h u h a i day m u o i , m a n g ve loai bo t a p chat, c&t ng&n, p h d i kho, cat ci n d i t h o a n g m a t d u n g d a n . De c h i i a d a i thao difdng, h a n g ngay d i i n g 4-6g day l a kho, s i c nxidc uohg t r o n g ngay.

Schult.,

T u y n h i e n , t i e u d i i d n g l a can benh c6 n h i i n g

thuoc ho t h i e n l y . Cay con moc ci T r u n g Quoc,

d i l n b i e n r a t phiic t a p . V i vay, trii6c k h i svL

A n Do, Singapore,...

d u n g day m u o i de chQa, t o t n h a t bac n e n den

Gymnema

sylvestre

(Retz.)

R.Br.ex

Cay thiJdng moc d cac bcJ b u i , h a n g rao. L a l o a i day leo, cao 6-10m, t h a n c6 l o n g d a i 8-12cm.

mot phong k h a m D o n g y c6 u y t i n , de dvJdc cac t h a y thuoc chi d i n cu t h e .

BO CAP: "ONC AN BA V 6 TAY KHEN"? , + Hoi: Gdn day, d chd chung

toi, cdnh may rdu

hay ru nhau toi qudn dqc sdn an mon bo cap chien. Hp noi, do Id mot loai "than dupe" "6ng an vdo bd vS tay khen",...

cua dan 6ng,

Rat mong

"Thuoc

vudtn nhd" thong tin cho biet ve nhung tdc dung chua benh cua con bp cap, bp cap c6 dung Id thuoc quy cua ddn ong hay khong?

+ Dap: Bo cap da diidc s\i dung lam thuoc tii hang ngan nam triidc. Tay y chu yeu sii dung noc bo cap de lam thuoc kich thich than kinh. Con Dong y thiidng svf dung bo cap de chQa t r i mot so" chiing "phong" (co giat, dau nhiic, hon me...). K h i dung toan bo con bo cap, Dong y goi do la "todn yet" (nghia la toan bo con bg cap), con k h i chi dCing duoi, goi la "yet vi" (duoi bo cap). 6 nUdc ta CO nhieu loai bo cap. Loai bo cap diidc &\i dung lam thuoc c6 ten khoa hoc la Buthus martensi Karsch. Day la mot loai c6 dot, thUdng song cf difdi nhiJng hon da hoac khe vach. Dau va ng\(c ngSn; bung tUdng doi dai, phia diidi phan bung thot l a i va dai ra thanh duoi, cuoi duoi c6 ngoi mang noc doc. Trong bo cap c6 mot chat r a t doc, goi la Katsutoxin, v i vay chi nen &\L dung v6i lieu lUdng nho. Neu dung toan yet de sic uong, ngay 50

chi dung tijf 3g-5g. Neu dung dildi dang thuoc bot hay thuoc vien, chi dung ttf 2g-3g, chia thanh 2-3 lan uohg trong ngay. Yet v i c6 tac dung manh hdn toan yet va cung doc hdn, v i vay neu dung duoi (yet vi), t h i chi dung vdi lieu bang 1/3 k h i dung toan yet. De lam giam bdt doc t i n h cua bo cap, thong thiidng sau k h i bat ve, ngifdi ta cho bo cap vao chau nildc soi cho chet, sau do dem phdi kho, v i thuoc k h i do c6 ten la "dam toan yet". Hoac cho |ibo cap vao noi nifdc c6 pha muoi an (moi |,kilogam bo cap cho them 300g - 500g muoi an), iday vung lai, dun t i i 3-4 gid, cho den k h i can |nii6c; lay bo cap ra phdi kho trong bong mat, v i |thu6c k h i do c6 ten la "ham toan yet". Ngoai ra, con che bien bo cap theo each bo chan, niJdng iho lifa cho chin, tan hot dung dan. Tuy nhien, doc t i n h cua bo cap thay doi r a t Inhieu theo ndi sinh song, each nuoi difdng va [che bien. Bo cap trong thien nhien khong con |nhieu, nen t a i cac quan dac san, chu yeu sxL iung loai bo cap nuoi trong trang t r a i . Ngiidi ta 30 bo cap vao chiec ca c6 san rifdu trSng nong do bao. Bo cap gap rifdu cay, vat va, nha bet noc |<loc. Sau khoang mifdi phiit, noc tiet ra het, bo cap chet cijfng. Vdt bo cap ra, chien gion nguyen con, bay len dia cung vdi rau song va gia v i , vijfa In vtfa nham vdi rifdu noc bo cap. M6i Ian, thuc 51

khach thufdng an khoang 5 con, lai uong ca rifdu noc bo cap, nhiing khong thay hien tiidng trung doc, v i loai bo cap nuoi trong trang t r a i nhieu t h i t hdn ma i t doc hdn, so v6i loai bo cap song hoang da. Theo Dong y toan yet c6 v i man, hdi cay, t i n h binh, C O doc, vao k i n h can. Co tac dung thong k i n h boat lac (thong cac dvfdng k i n h lac b i nghen tic), trii phong, tran kinh (chong co giat), tan ket (lam tan khoi u), chi thong (chong dau). •Dung chiia ngoai cam mom meo, mat xech, ban than bat toai, phong thap dau nhijtc, tre nho k i n h phong... Ket qua nghien cOtu dUdc ly hien dai cho

chay den), nghien thanh bot m i n . Ngay uohg 3 Ian, moi Ian 3g, chieu bang niJ6c am, lien tuc 1 thang. - Thuoc chita tre nho kinh phong, ngiidi Idn ban than bat toai: Toan yet (bo dau, chan) 3g, dia long (riia. sach, sao vang) 3g, cam thao 2g, ta't ca tan bot. Chia lam 5 hay 6 Ian uohg trong ngay, chieu thuoc b i n g nxidc nong. N h i i vay, bo cap khong phai la loai biet dUdc, C O tac dung tang ciidng sinh ly d nam gi6i. Neu ci mot so" quy ong, thay c6 hien tUdng "ong an ba khen", t h i do cung chi la hieu ling gian tiep thong qua nhiJng tac dung dieu tiet khac nhii an th&n, thuc day tuan hoan...

tha'y, toan yet c6 tac dung an than, giam dau, chong C O giat, tang lUu liidng mau qua dong mach vanh t i m va thiic day tuan hoan ngoai v i , kich t h i c h chijtc nang he mi§n dich, chong ung t h i i .

DUNG HAT SAU DAU CHUA BENH LI i •

•

+ Hoi: T6i bi berth li dd Idu nam, dd dung

• nhieu

Mot sobdi thuoc c6 sue dung bp cap:

loai tan duac ma khong khoi, think thodng lai dau

- ChQa thien dau thong (dau niCa dau) lau

bung, di ngoai phdn Idn mau vd mu. Gdn ddy toi

ngdy. Dung doc v i toan yet, nghien min, ngay

nghe noi, dung hat cdy sdu ddu, moc a trong

uong 3 Ian, moi Ian I g , chieu thuoc bSng nxidc

CO the chiia khoi duac benh ndy. NhiCng toi khong

da dun soi.

biet cdy sdu ddu co hinh

- ChSa u x(f tuyen vu: Dung toan yet 160g, qua lau 25 t r a i . Khoet mot l6 tren t r a i qua lau, nhet toan yet vao, thieu ton t i n h (ben ngoai 52

phuong

dang nhu the ndo, vd

phdp SM" dung de chiia benh nhu the ndo.

Vi vdy rat mong biet.

ritng

"Thuoc

va&n nhd" chi ddn cho ,

+ Dap: Cay sau dau con c6 ten la "sau dau cijtt chuot", "xoan dau riing", "xoan rtfng", "kho sam", "kho luyen", "nha dam", "chu men", d S i m Sdn thudng goi la "san diic", cf V i n h L i n h goi la "cijft c6", con d Nghe A n thiidng goi la "bat binh". Ten khoa hoc cua cay la Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. Cay sau dau rCfng moc hoang ci nhieu ndi nhvt H a i Phong, Do Sdn, Thanh Hoa, Nghe A n , Ha T i n h , Quang Binh, Quang T r i , ThiTa Thien... Sau dau la mot loai cay rrfng nho, c6 hinh dang hdi gio'ng cay xoan van dung go lam nha (nen con c6 ten la cay xoan rijfng); nhiing nho hdn, chi cao khoang tuf 1,60 den 2,5m la ciing. Than cay yeu, khong thanh g6, c6 long. La xe long chim khong deu, v6i 4-6 doi la chet. Hoa nho, moc khac goc, thanh chum. Qua nho, hinh triing, mau nau xam.

thap (lam kho tru: thap ta), sat triing. Dung chGa sot ret, l i va t r i . Nha dam t i i la mot loai thuoc chiia benh l i , da diidc dung lau ddi cf nhieu niidc nhiet ddi. Tai Viet Nam, v i thuoc dildc ghi vdi ten "xoan r t o g " trong bo "Nam diCdc than hieu" cua Tue T i n h (the ky 17). Tai Trung Quoc v i thuoc Ian dau tien thay difdc ghi vdi ten nha dam t i i trong "Ban thdo thap di" cua Trieu Hoc M a n (1765). Cac nghien cijtu lam sang Men dai cho thay, dCing nha dam t i i chiia benh l i a-mip c6 tac dung tot, nhiing v6i l i trUc t r i i n g thay kem tac dung. Cdch sv[ dung dichxia li:

V i thuoc "nha dam t\i", con goi la "kho luyen tvL" la qua kho cua cay sau dau riing. Tit thang cuoi mua he, qua bat dau chin, hai ve phdi hay say kho, loai bo tap chat, khong can phai che bien gi khac. Qua kho c6 the bao quan tdi hang chuc nam, ma gan nhif khong bi h i i hong va khong giam tac dung.

M 6 i ngay dCing tii 10-15 qua nha dam t i i . Co the dCing ca qua t a n thanh hot m i n , chia thanh 3-4 Ian uong trong ngay. Neu uong vao thay buon non, ckn hoc bo v6, chi lay nhan. Boc nhan vao giay ban, ep cho ra het dau, sau do Cling chia 3-4 Ian uong trong ngay. De tranh buon non, mot so ngiidi lay nhan nha dam t i i nhet vao qua chuo'i da hoc v6, roi nuot dan. Thong thifdng chi uong 3-4 ngay la benh khoi, nhifng nen uong lien trong 5-7 ngay cho khoi han.

Theo Dong y, nha dam tii c6 v i dfing, tinh han (lanh), vao kinh dai trang. Co tac dung tao

Ngoai tac dung chQa l i , sau dau (nha dam tii) con dUdc sii dung de chxia sot ret va chiia t r i :

D u n g l a sau dau, la h o n g b i ,

D a i t r a n g va T i e u t r a n g . Co tac d u n g t h a n h

m o i t h i i 1 nkm to ( k h o a n g 50g), sSc nifdc uohg

n h i e t , boat t r a n g , liJdng buyet, g i a i doc. D i i n g

h a n g ngay.

chQa d a i t i e n b i k e t , d a i t i e n x u a t h u y e t , t i e u

- Chiia

- Chita

sot ret:

tri: D u n g l a hoac re sau d a u rijfng,

n a u nu:6c n g a m , rvLa t r i .

t i e n k h o n g t h o n g , d a i dat, d a i nho giot, k i e t l i , ban chan, d i n h sang...

•

Mot so bdi thuoc c6 su dung mong

- Dai tien tdo bon:

D i i n g m o n g t d i 500g, t h e m

m i m muoi, tiidng, giam, nau t h a n h mon canh

RAU MONO Tdl < VI THUOC OUY

an t r o n g bCta cdm; sau v a i ngay d a i t i e n thong.

+ H o i : Toi hay bi tdo bon vd di ddi ddt. Co nguM mdch rang c6 the si dung rau mong toi de chiia. Rat mong "Thuoc vu&n nhd" cho Met, ddng rau mong toi CO the chaa ditgrc benh cua toi hay khong? Ngodi ra, rau mong toi cdn c6 nhUng tdc dung gi khdc?

+ Dap: M o n g t d i von l a loai r a u moc

toi:

• ^--'^'^^

- Dai tien xuat

d a i va da difdc sxi. d u n g l a m thuoc tijf t h d i xifa. Cay con c6 t e n l a " t d i t i a " . Sach thuoc cua Tue

huyet

kinh

nien:

Rau mong

t d i 30g, ga m a i gia 1 con (bo d a u , chan, n o i tang), h a m l e n a n ; Sau k h i t h i t ga c h i n , m d i cho mong t d i vao, n a u t h e m 20 p h u t l a dildc. - Tieu tien khong

hoang

thong suot, ddi ddt, ddi

nho

gigt. D u n g r a u m o n g t d i t i f d i 70-lOOg, sSc nifcic uo'ng t h a y t r a t r o n g ngay. - Chdy mdu mUi do huyet nhiet:

Diing mong

T i n h goi mong t d i l a " t a m t d i " ; sach thuoc T r u n g

t d i t i i d i gia n a t , d u n g bong t h a m nxidc cot, n h e t

Quoc goi la "lac quy". Do m o n g t d i l a loai day

vao 16 m i i i .

leo, nen con c6 t e n l a "d&ng quy" (dang = day

- Ngiic bon chon, day tiCc: R a u m o n g t d i 60g,

leo), "dang n h i t h a i " ; qua mong t d i c h i n c6 m a u

sac lay nifdc dac, boa t h e m c h u t r i i d u t r a n g vao

do t i m , bop r a c6 chat dich m a u do n h i l son, c6

uong, uong a m .

t h e sk d u n g de n h u o m v a i hoac t r a n g diem, n e n goi l a "ho yen c h i " , "yen c h i t h a i " .

dau nhiic do

phong

thap: R a u mong t d i ca cay 50-lOOg, m o n g chan

Theo Dong y: R a u m o n g t d i c6 v i chua ngot,

gio 1 cai, h a m v 6 i nii6c. va r i f d u cho c h i n , l a m

t i n h l a n h , k h o n g doc, vao 5 k i n h T a m , Can, T y , 56

- Khdp xitOng tay chan

mon a n t r o n g bQa cdm h a n g ngay.

|}>|g

,f«en 67

- Chiia bong: D u n g mong t d i tifdi, gia n a t , lay ntfdc boi l e n cho da b i bong.

CO the xac d i n h c h i n h xac diidc benh. C h i i n g t o i

- Ldi sQa: P h u nufa sau k h i de i t sQa, thiJdng

gia n a t , dap

chi CO the c u n g cap mot so' t h o n g t i n ve tac d u n g do'i vdi b e n h cao h u y e t ap va t h a n k i n h

an r a u m o n g t d i , sfla se n h i e u . - ChQa dinh nhgt:

t h a y thuoc t h a m k h a m t i m i va t o a n dien, m d i

D u n g la r a u m o n g t d i tUdi,

vao cho h i benh, ngay t h a y thuoc

suy

nhiidc cua c u lac, de bac va b a n doc c i i n g t h a m khao. N h a n lac, v6 cu lac, c u n g n h i f c a n h v a l a

2-3 l l n . - Ngoai

thiCdng xudt huyet:

D u n g r a u mong

t d i t r o n v d i dvfdng phen gia n a t d i p vao cho b i thiidng.

cay lac, deu l a n h i i n g v i thuo'c da difdc sijt d u n g tijf l a u ddi t r o n g D o n g y v a t r o n g d a n g i a n . Cac n g h i e n ciifu h i e n d a i cho t h a y :

Nhdn

lac CO n h i J n g tac d u n g : T a n g hlc, b o i bo cd t h e , ha h u y e t ap, g i a m m d m a u va c a m m a u . Vo lac (v6

LAC NCAM GIAM CHUA CAO HUYET AP

Cling

hoc n g o a i n h a n lac, v a n dCing de

dun n a u t h a y cui): C l i n g c6 tac d u n g h a h u y e t ap va g i a m m d m a u . Canh,

la cay lac:

Ngoai

Tdi nam nay 70 tuoi, khong uong rUffu, hut

tac d u n g h a h u y e t ap va g i a m m d m a u , con c6

thuoc. Tdi rat kho ngu, khi buon nan hay ngoi tren xe

tac d u n g a n t h a n , cho'ng m a t n g u . V d i nhiJng

thi ngu dUffc nhung nam tren giu&ng em dm Iqi thao

ngiidi b i cao h u y e t ap, t h a n k i n h suy nhifdc,

thicc tuffng tumg

m a t n g u , c6 t h e s\L d u n g theo

+ Hoi:

ndng;

Huyet

lung tung...;

Hai ban chdn

ludn

dp ludn cao... Trieu chicng cua tdi Id

benh gi? Nhieu ngudi cho rdng tdi bi mac benh la, mdch dung lac ngdm gidm de chiia. Nhung ho cung khong bie't cu thera sao. Dung lac luge hay lac rang? Ngdm bdng loqi gidm gi? Ngdm bao Idu vd an bao nhieu? Kinh mong "Thuoc

vu&n nhd" chi bao.

n h Q n g each

nhif sau: - Chiia than kinh suy nhi/cfc, mat ngu:

Dung

la lac (c6 t h e k e m ca canh) tifdi lOOg hoac 40g canh la kho, cho vao noi, do ngap niidc, dat len bep d u n soi, sau do d u n nho \\ia t h e m 10 p h i i t niia la diidc. Niidc chat r a chia t h a n h 2 I a n uong

" + Dap: B e n h cua bac cin k h a m trtfc t i e p . Bac

vao b u o i sang va b u o i to'i. B e n h v i e n L i e u N i n h

nen den m o t p h o n g mach c6 u y t i n , de difdc cac

( T Q ) da t h i i n g h i e m dCing b a i thuo'c nay de dieu

t r i mat ngu, ket qua cho thay, noi chung sau k h i dung thuoc 4-7 ngay, ci dai bo phan benh nhan, giac ngu deu dUdc cai thien ci mile do nhat dinh. Thuoc con c6 tac dung dieu hoa huyet ap va ham liidng cholesterol trong huyet thanh mau. - ChiCa cao huyet dp, cao md mdu: (1) Dung lac nhan lien ca v6 lua, liidng thich hdp, de song (khong rang hoac luoc). Cho vao lo, do ngap giam an, ngam tCf 5-7 ngay la c6 the dung difdc. dung: Ngay 2 Ian, buoi sang va buoi toi. Moi Ian ay khoang 10-15 hat, nhai, nuot dan. (2) Lay v6 lac lOOg, sSc nxidc uong thay t r a trong ngay. Hoac v6 lac dem t a n nho, ray m i n , cat vao lo nut k i n diing dan. Hang ngay dung 2-3 Ian, moi \kn 9g, dung nU6c am chieu thuoc. dung lac, can chu y mot so' van de: Bung qua lieu c6 the gay ia chay, hoac khien mSt, mieng, hoac mui bi kho. NgUdi von nhuan trang, dai tien long do han thap H tre, khong nen dung doc v i (can phoi hdp vdi mot so v i thuoc khac). Ngoai ra, lac bi moc dยง gay ung thxi gan. C l i n g khong difdc dung. .

LLfdng y HifDan

RAY

CAI

C H C A D A U NHirC, VIEM C A N + Hoi:

Vita qua toi duffc mot ngudi quen

gidi

thieu mot cay thuoc vdi hai tdc dung: Chita dau cot song vd Id mot trong vi thuoc chita viem gan. Cdy dd d dia phuffng toi gpi Id cdy "rdy gai", ngudi ddn toe Tdy gpi Id "cdy ditng"; Xin "Thuoc

cdy cd hoa qua nhu cdy rdy...

vudn nhd" cho biet rd hon ve tdc dung

cua cdy thuoc ndy.

+ Dap: Cay "ray gai", theo nhii ban mo ta con CO ten la "choc gai", "ray gai", "sdn thuc gai", "cay cita", "mdp gai", "cay mop" (Nam Bo), "K'lang ddn" (dan toe K'ho); trong cac sach thuoc Dong y Trung Quoc c6 ten la "lac tvf c6", "thien ha du", "thich du", "thuy lac cau", "lac mong",... Ten khoa hoc la Lasia spinosa Thwaites. Thuoc ho Ray (Araceae). Ray gai la loai cay nho, than rยง nllm ngang, CO nhieu gai. La moc t h i n g tvf than r l , cuong la dai, CO gai. La non hinh m u i ten, la gia xe long chim, mep nguyen. Cum hoa la mot bong mo mang hoa cai ci goc, hoa dUc ci tren. Qua mong. La ray gai non c6 the dung lam rau an, con than r i dvfdc dung lam thuoc. Than r l thiJdng thu hai vao cac mua he, t h u , dong, chi can r^a sach, phdi kho hay thai thanh lat mong roi phdi

kho; CO k h i ngam v6i nifdc gvfng, n\idc phen trudc k h i phdi hay say kho. Theo Dong y, than re ray gai c6 vi cay, t m h mat; c6 tac dung thanh nhiet, giai doc, Idi nieu, tieu thung, tan vi. Dung chiia sot cao khat nxidc, ho, viem hong, liing go'i va khdp xiidng dau nhijfc, tao bon, viem gan, xd gan co trifdng, don nga chan thifdng, viem than, tieu tien sen do, tieu due, quai bi (viem tuyen mang tai), mun ci mat, lei ngijfa ngoai da, siing vu... Nhii vay, k i n h nghiem ma ngiidi quen mach ong la c6 cd sci. Lieu dung: Uohg trong t ^ 4-16g, du6i dang thuoc sac hay ngam rUdu 9-15g; dung ngoai nau niidc riia hoac nghien nho boi, d^p. Mot sobdi

thuoc c6 sd dung ray gai:

- ChUa Id ngita ngoai da: Dung toan cay ray gai hoac than re nau nxidc t&m, riia. - ChUa tre nho da Id loet do thai doc: Dung cay ray gai nau nxidc riia, sau do rSc bot than re len ch6 da bi benh. - ChiJCa te thap liing, goi, cang chan te buot: Than r l ray gai, cau tich, ke huyet dSng, k i m cang, ngifu tat, ty giai, moi vi 12g sic nxidc uohg trong ngay. - ChiJCa viem gan, xd gan: Than r i ray gai 30g kho (hoac lOOg tifdi), t r a i dvfa dai 30g kho (hoac lOOg tiidi), cho de rang cUa lOg kho (hoac 30g tifdi). 62

Theo kinh nghiem, diing cay tifdi c6 tac dung tot hdn. Tat ca nau vdi 2 Ht nxidc, cd nho Ixia. con 300ml, chia ra 3 l ^ n uong trong ngay.

CAY "BAY LA MOT HOA" CO TAC DUNG CI? + Hoi: dia phumg

19^

Nhung nam gan day, tot thdy mot so ngudi thu&ng di kiem cay "bay Id mot hoa"

ban sang Trung Quoc. Nghe noi, cay nay co rat nhieu tac dung ky dieu, cd the chUa duffc cd ung thit. Rat mang "Thuoc

vu&n nhd"

cho biet, tren thuc te cay

"bay la mot hoa" co nhUng tac dung gi

+ Dap: Cay "bay la mot hoa" con co ten la "that diep nhat chi hoa", "doc cxidc lien", "thiet dang dai", "chi hoa dau", "tao huu", "thao ha xa"... Ten khoa hoc cua cay la: Paris ^ ^ p o olyphylla Sm. "Bay la mot hoa" la mot loai co nho, co dang t dac biet, song lau nam, than re ngSn, dai chiing 5-15cm, difdng kinh 2-2,5cm, rat nhieu dot, kho be, vet be trong nhil co hot, mau vang t r i n g hay xam vang. Txi than r l noi len mat dat mot than moc thSng diing cao tdi 1 met, phia goc CO mot so la thoai hoa thanh vay, bao lay 63

than cay. Gifla than c6 mot tang la moc vong gom 3 den 10 la, nhifng thiidng la 7 la, cuo'ng la dai 2,5-3cm, phien la hinh mac rong, dai 1521cm, rong 4-8cm, dau phien la nhon, mep nguyen, hai mat nhan, mat dxidi mau xanh nhat, doi k h i c6 mau t i m nhat. Hoa moc ddn doc ci dinh canh, cuorig hoa dai 15-30cm. La dai gom 5 den 10, thifdng la 7 la, mau xanh la cay, dai 37cm, rdi tiJng cai mot, trong nhxi la, khong rung. So' canh trang bang so" la dai, hinh sdi r u xuong, mau vang nau, chieu dai bSng hay ngSn hdn chieu dai cua la dai. Nhuy mau t i m do, bau thiidng gom 3 ngan. MCia hoa vao cac thang 3, 4, 5 (vung Sapa). Qua mong, mau t i m den, mua qua vao cac thang 10-11. ' â&#x20AC;˘ ' ' De dung lam thuoc, ngiidi ta nho lay than r l , rxia sach, ckt bo tua re, phdi hoac say kho, bao quan ndi kho mat de s\i dung dan. V i thuoc nay trong Dong y goi la "Tdo hi/u". Theo Dong y, tao hiJu (than re cay bay la mot hoa) CO v i dSng cay, tinh han, c6 doc, vao 2 k i n h tarn va can. Co tac dung thanh nhiet giai doc, binh suyen, chi khai, tiifc phong dinh kinh. Dung chiia rSn doc c&n, sau bo dot, viem vong, ho, suyen, viem nao truyen n h i l m , viem m i l da, bach hau, tre nho kinh gian, quai bi, loi dom... Tai Trung Quoc, cay thiidng diidc dung de phong va chiia r i n doc c i n , do do c6 cau ngan 64

ngQ: "Oc hitu that diep nhat chi hoa; Doc xd hat tien gia"; Nghia la: Trong nha ma c6 cay bay la mpt hoa, t h i rSn doc khong dam vao. Cac nghien ciiu diidc ly nhQng nam gan day cho thay, tao hiiu c6 tac dung diet khuan manh va CO kha nang \lc che nhieu loai virus; con c6 nhutng tac dung: tran tinh, chong ho, tang ciidng chiJtc nang cua tuyen thiidng than, lam co cd trdn. NhiJng nam gan day, mot so' ddn thuoc chQa ung t h i i ci Trung Quo'c co thay stf dung v i thuoc tao hiiu, nhiing trong tay chiing toi chiia CO nhiJng t a i lieu noi ro each s\l dung cu the. Mot so don thuoc cd sit dung than ri cay bay Id mot hoa: - Chiia ran doc cdn: Dung tao hiiu, nghien thanh bot min, moi ngay uohg 2-3 Ian, moi Ian 6g; hoac diing tao hiiu 20g sSc nii6c uo'ng trong ngay. Dong thdi dCing than re tiidi gia nat, tron them chiit riidu, d i p vao vet thiidng roi bang lai. - Chaa tre nho kinh sdi, chdn tay co gidt. Diing tao hiiu say kho tan bot, ngay uo'ng 4-5 Ian, moi Ian 0,5-lg. - Chiia tre nho sot cao co gidt: DCing tao hiiu 4g, thien hoa phan 8g, bac ha 12g, sac nii6c, chia thanh 3 Ian uo'ng trong ngay. Bai thuoc nay con co the s^ dung de chvLa quai bi, len scii, ciing cac chiing siing viem phat sot.

- ChQa Ibi dom:

D u n g tao h i i u m a i v 6 i gia'm,

l a y nil6c thuoc boi vao h a u m o n , sau do d u n g gac de l e n day nhe vao, ngay boi va day 2-3 I a n . - ChQa ho, hen suyen

Idu ngay:

D u n g tao

hiJu 15g sSc Ywidc uong, hoac h a m v 6 i t h i t ga hoac p h o i Idn an. - ChiJta cdc loai mun doc siCng thung:

Dung

tao hvfu t r o n v 6 i g i a m , gia n a t , d i p l e n ch6 da

. Ong dd't: Con goi l a "ong bap cay", " t h o phong", "ma phong". T e n khoa hoc l a Discolia v i t t i f r o n t s Sch. L o a i ong n a y hay l a m to dutcii dat nen t h i i d n g goi la "ong d a t " (tho phong), t u y n h i e n con c6 t h e l a m to t r o n g t h a n cay muc. T h a n ong c6 m a u den, n e n m o t so' n g i i d i con goi la "ong den" - n h i f n g can l i i u y de k h o i I a n v 6 i loai "ong den" se n o i ci muc dxidi. Ve tdc dung Idm thuoc: Theo sach "Ban

b i benh. Li/dng y HirDan

thdo

thap di", tac d u n g cua ong d a t (tho phong) giohg nhif ong m a t ( m a t p h o n g tv(): TrCf phong, g i a i doc, sat t r u n g . D i i n g chQa dau phong, phong te tha'p, m a phong, ddn doc, phong chan...

ONC DAT, ONCDEN

N h i i vay, viec sh d u n g ong d a t n g a m r i f d u de chQa phong t h a p , d a u n h i i c l a m o t k i n h n g h i e m

+ Hoi: 6ng anh toi c6 to ong bd ve dem ngdm

CO ttc l a u ddi va da dUdc g h i l a i t r o n g sach thuoc

raoni. Moi ngudi noi phdi ngdm du 100 ngdy moi

D o n g y. Con viec B\L d u n g ong dat n g a m r i i d u

dUffc uong. Xin cho bie't, moi ngdm 15 ngdy c6 uong

l a m thuoc bo, c h i i n g t o i chifa t i m t h a y t a i l i e u

dugc khong?

e cap. Ngoai r a , nhiJ t r e n da noi, tac d u n g cua

+ Dap: M a y n a m gan day, ngoai con ong m ^ t , n h i e u ngiidi con h a y d u n g m o t so loai ong khac, n h i i ong den, ong dat... n g a m r i i d u uong de chQa p h o n g t h a p d a u nhtjtc, boi bo cd the... G a n day, b a n doc thiJdng de n g h i giai dap nhiJng thSc

p n g d a t t i i d n g t i i ong m a t , v i vay k h i can c6 t h e ^diang ong m a t t h a y t h e . A u t r u n g ong d a t (tho phong t ^ ) , cung dufdc d u n g l a m thuoc. Theo sach "Ban thdo

thap

idi": A u t r u n g ong d a t c6 v i ngot, t i n h b i n h , c6

m i c ve svL d u n g ong. V i vay, trii6c k h i t r a I d i cau

idoc. Co tac d u n g chQa u n g n h o t , ddn doc, p h o n g

h o i cu the cua b a n , x i n n o i qua ve 2 l o a i ong m a

â&#x20AC;¢chan, n h i e t t i c h t r o n g b u n g , d a i t i e u t i e n k h o

n h i e u ngifdi hay

k h a n , p h u nvL k h i hii, bach d6i...

d u n g h i e n nay.

Kieng ky: Dung au trung ong dat cung v6i cac vi thuoc "hoang cam", "bach thifdc" va " m l u le" se hi giam tac dung. Ngoai cong dung lam thuoc, ngiidi ta con dung au trung de che bien mon an, nhUng can che bien dung philcJng phap de tranh hi ngo doc. Theo sach "Nhat hoa tit ban thdo", k h i dung au trung ong dat de an, can che bien cung vdi bi dao va mii6p dSng, gtfng tifdi, tia to de k h ^ doc. â&#x20AC;˘ Ong den: So v6i ong dat, ong den diidc sijf dung rong rai hdn trong Dong y va trong dan gian. Ong den con c6 ten la "ong v6 ve" (bo ve), "ong mii6p", "6 phong", "hung phong", "tifdng phong",... Ten chinh thiic trong Dong y Trung Quoc la "tnic phong". Ten khoa hoc la Xylocoba dissimilis (Lep). Ngoai con ong den tren, ngifdi ta con dung con ong den Xylocopa phalothorax nho hdn, nhiing khong dung con c6 dom trSng ci dau. Ong den song kh&p ndi, ci dong b&ng cung nhii mien niii. Tai nvfdc ta con i t chii y khai thac. Tai mien Nam Trung Quoc, ngifdi ta thifdng b i t ong nay vao mCia t h u dong, la mua ong song trong ong tre, 6'ng nijta. Sau k h i biet ong ci dau, ngtfdi ta nut k i n ong tre hay ong mia lai, hd nong cho ong chet, sau do che ra lay ong dung. Ong den bao quan de moc mot, phai say cho kho, khong nen phdi n i n g de hong va de moc mot hdn. 68

Theo Dong y, ong den c6 v i ngot chua, t i n h han, khong doc, vao 2 k i n h v i va dai triidng. Co tac dung thanh nhiet, ta hoa, trvL phong. Dung trong nhiing trifdng hdp sau rang, mieng \b loet, u CO hong, tre con k i n h phong... Lieu dung: Ngay dung 2 den 4 con, hoac 2-3g, tan nho uohg. Kieng ky: Theo tai lieu co nhflng ngiJdi hvf Shan, khong c6 "hoa", khong nen dung. â&#x20AC;˘ Ngdm riicfu trong bao Idu? Rvfdu thuoc la hinh thiic dung rifdu lam dung moi, de hoa tan (chiet xuat) cac boat chat trong v i thuoc. Thdi ijgian ngam tuy thuoc vao loai thuoc va dang thuoc. Muc dich cuoi ciing la chiet xuat difdc toan bo boat chat cua thuoic vao trong rvidu, lam giam b6t do doc cua v i thuoc va cua rifdu. Mot so' loai thuoc can ngam trong mot thdi gian dai, de chat thuoc ngam het vao trong riidu va cac chat doc CO thdi gian phan giai. Chung toi chifa CO k i n h nghiem s\i dung ong v6 ve ngam rifdu uong. Nhiing thien nghl, can gi phai voi vang, cijt ngam du 100 ngay roi uong van hdn.

"PHirCfNC Vl" LA VI THUOC CI? + Hoi: Toi duoc mot nguai ban cho don thuoc chiia kiet li, trong do c6 mot thic thuoc ggi Id "phuang vi", 69

nhung hoi mua a hieu thud'c thi khong thdy c6. Be nghi "Thud'c vu&n nhd" thong tin cho Met,

"phuffng

vi" CO phdi Id mot bo phdn cua cay phitgng trSng

ben cdc ducmg

"phumg

phd hay khong?

vi van

Vi thud'c

vi" CO nhicng tdc dung chUa benh gi?

+ Dap: "Phiidng v i " dich nguyen am Han Viet CO nghia la "duoi phiidng". NhiJng trong ddn thuoc cua ban, "phiidng v i " chi mot t h i i c6 c6 ten la "phiidng v i " , mot cay nho - than thao, chii khong phai cay phifdng v i - loai cay go Idn, trong trong cac thanh pho' de lay bong mat. Trong dan gian thiidng dung c6 phifdng v i de chQa benh l i . Goi la CO phifdng v i v i hinh dang cay nhin hdi giong cai duoi con phudng. Co phifdng v i moc hoang khap ndi. Thifdng thay ci quanh bd gieng, chan tiidng, vach dat, ria dudng... Cay con c6 ten la "c6 seo ga", "te diep phUdng v i thao", "tinh khau bien thao" (c6 moc b bd gieng), "tinh khiem" Goal khiem thao moc gan gieng), "phvfdng hoang thao", "sdn ke vi"... Ten khoa hoc la Pteris multifida Poir. Theo Dong y, c6 phifdng v i c6 v i nhat hdi dang, tinh lanh, hdi doc. Vao 2 kinh than va v i . Co tac dung thanh nhiet Idi thap, lUdng huyet, chi huyet, tieu thung giai doc. Dung chuta vang da do viem gan, viem diJdng ruot, benh l i , dai due, dai r i t , tho huyet, nuc huyet (chay mau cam), tien huyet (dai tien l i n mau), nieu huyet 70

(tieu tien l l n mau), viem amidan, quai bi, ung nhot, cham... Lieu diing: 9-15g kho hoac 30-60g tifdi sic n\idc uohg; c6 the nghien thanh bot min hoac gia vat nii6c cot uohg; dung ngoai gia d i p hoac sic nxidc rvia. Kieng ky: Ngifdi m^c chiing hif han khong dung; CO seo ga tinh lanh nen ngUdi gia khong diing, phu nijt c6 thai dung can than trong. Mot so bdi thuoc c6 sA dung co phucfng vi:

- Phi^c/ng thuoc than dieu chiJta kiet li cua dai danh y Tue Tinh: Co phiJdng v i , day md long, rยง CO tranh, cay phen den, moi v i 20-30g, giing tifdi 3 lat, sic lay nifdc dac, de nguoi, chia 2-3 l l n uohg trong ngay vao luc doi bung. - Chita benh li triCc triing: (1): Rยง va la phifdng v i , sao cho thdm 24g, nxidc 100ml, dun soi, gia soi trong vong 30 phut. Chia 2 hay 3 Ian uong trong ngay (2): Che tifdi lOOg, phiidng v i kho 24g, them nxidc, dun soi giut trong 30 phiit. Chia hai hay ba Ian uong trong ngay. (3): Co phiJdng v i 30g, v6 cay sin thuyen 12g, cam gao sao vang hay dau den rang chay 20g, sic uong. - ChUa viem gan cap tinh: Dung c6 phifdng vi tildi 90g, gia vit lay nxidc cot uong ngay 3 Ian, lien tuc trong 5 ngay - 1 lieu t r i n h (Giang Tdy thao di/cfc), sic nxidc uohg trong ngay (ThiCdng dung trung thao duac thu sdch). * " 71

- ChiJta tieu tien nho gigt, nieu dao

nong

rat

Ddc diem:

L a l o a i cay nho, canh n h a n , m a u

D u n g c6 p h i i d n g v i 20-

luc n h a t . L a kep xe long c h i m , moc doi, k h o n g

30g, s i c v6i niidc vo gao ( d u n g nif6c vo I a n thii

cuong hay cuong nho, mep la c6 r a n g cila nho.

hai) sic

Hoa nho m a u t r & n g , moc t h a n h x i m kep, n o m

dau

buot, ddi

gian thdo

ra mdu:

nxidc uong t r o n g ngay (Giang

Tdy

dan

diidc).

gio'ng rnot cai t a n . Qua m o n g h i n h cau d i i d n g k i n h 2 - 3 m m , chiia h a i ba h a t det. Bo phan

DUNG "CAY THUdc MOI" CHCA DAU NHU'C

c6 the dung Idm thuoc:

L a , vo, hoa

va qua. Co the t h u h a i q u a n h n a m la va vo; n h i f n g hoa va qua p h a i t h u h a i vao m u a he v a t h u . D u n g ttfdi h a y p h d i hoac say k h o , k h o n g p h a i che b i e n gi khac.

Toi bi dau kh&p xucrng tic nhieu nam nay,

Theo Dong y, cay cdm chay c6 v i chua, t i n h

di lai, van dpng rat kho khan. Co ban dong dpi cU,

a'm. Co tac d u n g k h u phong trijf t h a p , boat h u y e t

hien a mien Trung mdch: Diing "cay thuoc moi" de

t a n iJt. D u n g chiia phong t h a p dau nhiic, p h u do

dap vd xong c6 the chiia khoi dUffc. Toi da hoi rat

viem t h a n , cxidc k h i p h u t h u n g , k i e t l i , hoang

nhieu ngu&i Idm kiem Idm a quanh viing, ma khong

dan, v i e m k h i q u a n m a n , phong chan, ddn doc,

ai Met do Id cay gi. Vi vdy rat mong duac "Thuoc

m u n nhot Id loet sUng dau, gay xifdng, don nga

vudn nhd" tim hieu vd tu van giup.

chan t h i i d n g . T r o n g dan gian, mot so" v u n g d u n g

+ Hoi:

canh va la cay cdm chay t a m cho p h u nxL m d i ThiJt cay ong h o i ci ngoai BSc t h i f d n g

sinh nci. Qua l a m thuoc loc m a u , t h o n g t i e u va

goi la "cay cdm chay", moc hoang d a i khSp n d i ,

n h u a n t r a n g ; n g a m r i f d u uohg l a m thuoc n h u a n ,

t h i i d n g t h a y b v e n suoi, bd khe, con diJdc t r o n g

tay doc cd the, chQa l i va thap k h d p . Hoa diJdc

l a m canh hoac d u n g l a m thuoc. Cay con c6 t e n

dung l a m thuoc Idi t i e u , l a m r a mo h o i . D u n g

la "cay thuoc m o i " , "soc dich", "tiep cot thao"

dif6i dang thuoc sac, thuoc pha hay thuoc xong.

+ Dap:

(cay n o i l i e n xUdng), " x u thao", " a n h h u n g thao", " t a u m a tiยงn", " t a u m a phong", "bat l y ma", " t i e u tiep cot dan"... T e n khoa hoc la Sambucus j a v a n i c a Reinw. 72

- Lieu diing:

N g a y d i i n g 10-12g. Chu y:

Cdm

chay t i n h m a n h l i e t , k h o n g d u n g qua l i e u t r e n . Neu d u n g v6i l i e u 3 g / l k g the t r o n g c6 the d a i qua n h i e u , ia long va non mvfa. 73

- Chda dau nhitc: Sach: "Thien Kim phiCcfng" CO ghi lai each dung cay cdm chay de chQa nhu sau: Mua lanh dung r l (gia nat), con mua nong thi dung canh la, sao len cho nong, xoa va dSp len ron benh nhan; dong thdi dung la cay cdm chay, hun nong, r a i len chieu cho benh nhan nam. Nhif vay, phildng thuoc ma ngifdi dong dpi da mach ong khong phai la khong c6 can cii, ong CO the t i m cay cdm chay b quanh nha va ap dung thv(. Nhan tien, xin gidi thieu them mot so bai thuoc khac de ong tham khao: - Chica gay xuong: Dung v6 r§ va la cay cdm chay, gia nat dap vao cho xvfdng gay roi bang lai cho CO dinh (Van Nam trung thdo diidc tuyen). - Chita bi ddnh, bong gdn sung dau: Dung la cay cdm chay cat nho, gia nat cCing v6i may cu hanh de lien ca re va ba riidu, dap vao cho dau roi bang l a i , m6i ngay thay thuoc mot Ian (Giang Tdy dan gian thdo diidc). - Chita bi ddnh, ngd, chd'n thuong tho ra huyet: Dung re cay cdm chay, t r i e bach diep, moi t h i i 9g, dia du 12g, sic niidc uong (Triet Giang dan gian thdo diidc). - Chica phong thdp kh&p xumg sung dau: Bung r i cay cdm chay 20-30g sic n\idc uong trong ngay; dong thdi nau lay nii6c dac rxia cho dau (Van Nam trung thdo diidc tuyen). LLfdng y Hi/Dan

PHAT THU ' VI THUOC OUY + Hoi: Vu&n nha toi c6 5 cay phdt thii, dip Tet thuong hdi qua dem ra chff bdn. Nhieu khi khong bdn het hang, qua deldu bi thdi rat tiec. Vi vdy, rat mong "Thuoc vu&n nhd" cho Met, c6 the sue dung phdt thu de Idm thuoc chiia benh hay khong? Che bien vd bdo qudn nhu thendo de dung dugfc Idu? ^*;guc; •; + Dap: Phat t h u la mot v i thuoc quy, da difdc sijt dung ttf lau ddi trong Dong y va trong dan gian. Theo Dong y, t r a i phat t h u c6 v i cay, dang, chua; t i n h am; vao cac k i n h can va v i . Co tac dung chi thong (giam dau), ly k h i hoa dam (xiic tien tieu hoa). Dung chuta chtjtng an khong tieu, day bung, dau da day, dau gan, co hong nghen tac, ngiic tijfc day, mang siidn triidng dau, an vao non ngiidc trcf lai... Cac nghien ciiu hien dai cho thay, phat t h u c6 tac dung giai trCf sxL co that cd trdn, ha huyet ap, cat cdn suyen va tang cutdng chiic nang tieu hoa. De sxi dung lam thuoc, k h i hai qua ve dem thai doc thanh tCfng mie'ng mong, phdi hoac say kho, bao quan ndi kho rao de diing dan. Mot sobdi thuoc c6 si dung phdt thii: • Gidi say riidu: Diing phat t h u tiidi 30g (kho lOg), sic nu6c uong. 'V; - ChiJia ho nhieu ddm:

Phat t h u tifdi 30g 75

(kho

lOg), dvfdng phen

k h o a n g niia

- Chiia phu nii hdnh

15g, h a p each t h u y

kinh

dau bung:

Phat

gid, chia 2-3 I a n a n t r o n g ngay.

t h u t i f d i 30g (kho lOg), d i i d n g q u y 8g, guing tUdi

C u n g CO t h e c h i can n h a i c u i Hen ca v6, nuot

6g, r^f^u t r S n g 30g, t h e m c h i i t niidc sac l e n , chia

d a n n\ldc, ddm se t a n d a n v a k h i dd xong ngUdc

2-3 I a n uong t r o n g ngay.

l e n , n h d v a y m a het ho. - Chiia

nac, phien

Luu y: Do'i v d i cac c h i i n g ke t r e n , n e u k h o n g

ui (an udo non ngiidc trd

CO qua, cd t h e t h a y t h e b a n g l a , y ^ n cd tac d u n g

ra): D u n g v6 qua p h a i t i f d i , cit nho, t r o n deu v 6 i

tUdng do'i t o t .

dildng; a n ngay 3-4 I a n , m o i I a n v a i m i e n g ; nhai, nuot dan. - Viem khi qudn man tinh:

P h a t t h u k h o 6g,

b a n h a che gijfng (tarn midc gijfng sao vang) 6g, skc v d i nifdc, p h a t h e m c h u t d i i d n g cat vao uohg. - An khong

TAC DUNG CHUA BENH CUA LAC TIEN

tieu, viing gan vd da ddy dau tjic

+ H o i : Toi nghe noi qua lac tien ngdm du&ng

Co t h e d u n g m o t t r o n g cac

uong CO tac dung chira "nong trong", c6 thetrHdUffc

phUdng thuoc sau: (1) P h a t t h u t i i d i 12-15g (kho

mun tritng cd vd cac benh viem nhiem ngodi da. Gan

6g), h a m niidc soi uohg t h a y t r a t r o n g ngay. (2)

ddy toi CO mua duffc mot it qua lac tien kho, nhung

P h a t t h u k h o , h u y e n ho sach - m 6 i thijf 6g, sSc

khong biet c6 dung Id qua that hay khong. De nghi

v 6 i nude, chia 2-3 I a n uohg t r o n g ngay. (3) P h a t

"Thuoc vu&n nhd" cho biet hinh dang vd tac dung

t h u k h o 6g, t h a n h h i 9g, x u y e n l u y e n th 6g, sSc

cua trdi lac

(can vi khi thong):

tien.

luv q

v d i niidc, chia 2-3 I a n uong t r o n g ngay. thong):

+ D a p : C a y lac t i e n moc h o a n g b k h f i p n d i

P h a t t h u k h o 15g, gao te sao v a n g 30g, sSc nifdc

t a i nudc t a , t h U d n g t h a y d cac b a i h o a n g , b d

uohg ngay 3 I a n .

b u i . . . Cd t h e t r o n g b a n g d a y vao m u a x u a n .

- ChiJta dau da ddy do lanh

(vi hdn

- ChiJta dau bung do ty vi hii hdn: P h a t t h u t i f d i lOOg (kho 40g), r i l d u t r i n g 1 h't. P h a t t h u

Cay con cd t e n l a : "cay lac", "cay n h a n l o n g " ( N a m Bo), " l o n g d e n " , " h o n g t i e n " , "mac m a t "

t h a i nho, n g a m vdi r i i d u , k h o a n g 15 ngay sau l a

(Da L a t ) ; "co h o n g

CO t h e d u n g . H a n g ngay uong 2 I a n , m d i I a n

lien",

k h o a n g 5-10ml.

Pasiflora foetida L .

"long

chau

tien" (Thai), "tay phien qua". Ten khoa

hoc l a

Ddc diem: Lac t i e n l a mot loai day moc

leo,

d a u t i m , t a m sen, nKu t h a n h cao long uo'ng,

t h a n mem, t r e n c6 r a t n h i e u long m e m . L a moc

^ngay d u n g 2-5g, uo'ng triidc k h i d i n g u .

so le, h i n h t i m , mep l i f d n song xe t h a n h 3 t h u y .

- ChUa viem da, mun mu, ghe ngita: D u n g la

Hoa moc r i e n g le, canh m a u t r l n g h a y t i m n h a t ,

c t i e n n a u niJdc t f t m r i i a .

la d a i m a u t r & n g p h i a dxidi c6 gan x a n h . Qua

- Ldm diu than kinh,

h i n h trijtng, d a i 2-3cm, bao bdi cac la bยง.c n h u

trd tim, chiJta mat

ngu:

u n g day, l a lac t i e n 20g, h a t sen 12g, la t r e

mot cai bao d ngoai. Qua lac t i e n thuoc l o a i "qua

Og, la d a u t S m lOg, la vong n e m 12g, cam thao

t i f d n g " (v6 mong, ben t r o n g chiJta chat dich v a c6

g, x i i d n g bo 6g, tao n h a n (sao den) lOg,

h a t nho), t r o n g c6 n h i e u h a t nho h i n h trijtng, k h i

sic

lUdc uong t r o n g ngay.

c h i n m a u v a n g , a n difdc. T r e nho t h i i d n g h a i qua lac t i e n a n . M o t so" n d i d u n g ngon

luoc l a m r a u an. Theo sach

"NhQng cay thuoc vd vi thuoc Viet Nam":

MEO DEN Vdl BENH HEN PHE QUAN

Trong

d a n g i a n t h i i d n g d u n g day va l a s&c uo'ng l a m thuoc a n t h a n , chQa m a t n g u . Triidc day, m o t so'

+ Hoi: Toi nghe ndi, diing meo den c6 the chita

X I nghiep v a b e n h v i e n ci nxidc t a t h i f d n g d u n g

khoi duac benh hen phequdn. De nghi "Thuoc vu&n

che t h a n h thuoc nxidc ngot, c6 pha con, diang de

nhd" cho biet, ngudi ta ndi nhu vay co diing hay

a n t h a n , chfla m a t n g u , t i m hoi hop; ThUdng

khong, dong thoi gidi thieu rd han ve tdc dung chiia

p h o i hdp v d i n h i e u v i thuoc khac n h i i t i m sen

benh cua meo.

'' '

(lien t a m ) , l a dau,...

Or:

+ Dap: T r o n g "Thuoc

Mot sobdi thuoc co siidung Iqc tien:

I so 128 vd 138.

- ChiJta li: D u n g qua lac t i e n 60g, rxia. sach,

thdo

dan

Thiic

md meo,

gan

meo,

xUdng meo, long meo va n h a u t h a i meo, b a n co

gian

the t i m doc l a i de t h a m khao. C h u n g t o i chiia

diCdc").

- ChQa than kinh suy nhuac:

- Tri

da gidi t h i e u ve tac d u n g

chfla benh cua t h i t meo,

s i c lay niidc, p h a t h e m difdng, chia 2 I a n uo'ng trvfdc bQa a n (Theo sach "Phuc Kien

viCbn nhd"

m difdc t a i l i e u n o i ve tac d u n g chuta h e n cua D u n g day, la lac

t i e n 8-lOg, s i c uo'ng. Hoac pho'i hdp v d i l a vong.

thit meo den, va cung chiia difdc c h i l n g k i e n

it '

trUdng hdp nao d u n g meo den chuta k h o i diidc 79

benh hen phe quan, v i v^y chvia the ket luSn, kinh nghiem ban difdc mach la diing hay sai. Tuy nhien, v6i benh hen phe quan, de chiia t r i CO the svL dung mot so'bai thuoc sau: Bdi thuoc 1: Dung ma hoang lOg, te tan 4g, ban ha che lOg, bach gidi t ^ (hat rau cai t r i n g ) 6g, to t i i (hat tia to) 6g, n g u v i tvL 3g, cam thao 6g, giJfng tUdi lOg, h o n g tao (tao tau) 3 qua. Nau vdi 1 l i t niJdc, sac con 450ml, chia ra 3 phan, uohg vao buoi sang, buoi triia va buoi toi, luc dang doi bung. Bai thuoc nay c6 ten "Tan hdn dinh suyen thang". Thich ilng vdi trildng hdp hen phe quan thuoc chiing "han", theo phan loai cua Dong y hoc. Vdi cdc bieu Men: Hdi thcf gap gap, trong hong c6 tieng kho khe, ngiic bung day tiic, ddm t r l n g loang, sSc mat nhdt nhat hoac t i m t a i , mieng khong k h a t hoac khat nhifng thich uong niidc am; c6 k h i kem theo sot, sd lanh, than m i n h dau nhiic, khong ra mo hoi; chat liidi nhat, reu liidi tr&ng nhdt, mach phu khan (noi, nhanh) hoac huyen khan (cang, nhanh). Bai thuoc 2: Ma hoang 6g, hanh nhan thach cao song 30g, hoang cam lOg, ty ba lOg, qua lau bi lOg, cam thao 6g. Diing niidc, skc con 450ml, chia ra 3 phan, uohg Bai thuoc 1. 80

lOg, diep 1 lit nhil

Bai thuoc c6 ten "Thanh nhiet dinh suyin thang". Thich ting vdi triidng hdp hen phe quan thuoc chiing "nhiet", theo phan loai cua Dong y hoc. Vdi cdc bieu hien: Hdi thci gap, tieng thd tho, trong hong nhiJ c6 tieng r i t , ngiic tiic, ho sac len tiing cdn, ddm vang dac kho khac ra ngoai, mat do, mieng khat thich uong nudc; c6 k h i kem theo cac chiing trang n h u mieng d i n g , phat sot, ra mo hoi, khong sd lanh; chat lifdi do, reu liidi vang day, mach boat sac (trdn, nhanh). Bdi thuoc 3: DSng sam 15g, bach truat lOg, phuc linh lOg, ngii v i tii lOg, sdn t h u lOg, to tijt 6g, long cot 20g, mku le 20g, cam thao 6g. Dung 1,2 l i t nifdc, cho long cot va mSu le vao sic triidc, sau 20 phut mdi cho cac v i thuoc con l a i vao, 5&C con 450ml, chia ra 3 phan, uohg nhU bai thuoc 1. , Bai thuoc c6 ten "Bo hi/ dinh suyen thang".' Thich iing vdi triidng hdp hen phe quan thuoc chiing " h i i " (suy nhiidc), theo phan loai cua Dong y hoc. Vdi cdc bieu hien: Thinh thoang xuat hien nhiing cdn hen keo dai, s u y i n thci, ngiidi met moi, tieng noi yeu dt, h i c^ dong la benh phat them nang; moi va mong tay t i m t a i , chat lUdi toi, mach nhiidc (yeu). Lifong y HirDan

MATCAU Vdl BENH VIEM LOET TIEU HOA + Hoi:

Mat gdu co tdc dung gi doi voi cor the

ngudfi? Benh

viem loet hdnh td trdng vd vient dai

trdng man tinh thi nen dung mat gdu

nhuthendo?

+ Dap: Thanh phan chu yeu cua mat gau la tauro - ursodesoxycholat (viet tat la TUDC), thuy ngan trong nxidc thanh taurine va ursodesoxycholic acid (viet tat la UDC); ngoai ra trong mat gau con co: cholic acid, chenodesoxycholic acid, desoxycholic acid, taurocholic acid, sic to' mat, nhieu loai amine acid; cholesterol; bilirubin, cac muoi v6 cd... NgTjfOi ta can cd vao ham Ividng TUDC de danh gia chat lifdng mat gau. Chat liidng mat gau tuy thuoc rat nhieu vao each lay mat. N h i i ta biet, mat difdc du t r i i va co dac trong t u i mat, roi do vao ruot sau moi biia an; v i vay neu lay mat sau k h i gau viia an t h i khong nhiing lifdng mat i t , ma ham Ividng TUDC cung giam. Kha nang tong hdp TUDC cua gau lai tuy thuoc vao yeu to'thdi tiet, k h i hau, moi triJdng sinh song... Cho nen de khai thac diidc loai mat gau bao dam chat lifdng khong phai viec ddn gian. Theo Dong y, mat gau (hung ddm) co v i d i n g , t i n h dai han (rat lanh), vao cac k i n h Tam, Can 82

va V i . Co tac dung thanh nhiet, sat triing. Dung chiJa cac chrtng thap nhiet, vang da, l i lau ngay, hoi hop sd hai, co q u i p , m i t do co mang, dau rang, t r i Id loet... Sach Ban thdo do kinh viet: "Mat gau hay bi lam gia, muoh thvf lay chut mat gau nho vao nxidc thay ket thanh sdi khong tan la mat that". Sach Ban thdo ciCcfng muc viet: "Lay chut mat gau cd b i n g hat gao nho vao niJ6c, hat mat quay t i t nhil bay la mat tot, cac thii mat khac ciing quay nhiing cham hdn". - Kieng ky: Khong dung cung v6i cac v i thuoc phong ky va dia hoang (ky_ phbng ky, dia hoang). Doi vdi cac chijtng hif t h i nghiem cam dung bCfa (cdu thiep

hu tUOng, lien

dUdng

nghiem cam). Cho d i i khong nen t i n theo k i n h nghiem co mot each mCi quang, ciing phai thiia nhan r i n g ngiioi xiia da ghi nhan diiOc mot so' tai bien k h i dung mat gau de chuta t r i mot so' chijtng benh suy nhifdc (hii chiing). Trci lai van de &\i dung mat gau de chQa viem loet ta trang va viem dai trang man tinh. Triidc khi dung thuoc Dong y noi chung, mat gau noi rieng, can tien hanh phan loai chijtng trang theo ly luan cua Dong y hoc. Theo Dong y, benh viem loet ta trang ditdc chia ra 6 loai hinh la: 1. Can vi bat hoa, 2. Can v i uat nhiet, 3. Can v i am h i i , 4. Ty v i hif han, 5. Huyet \i lac trci, 6. Ty v i thap nhiet. Mat gau chi c6 thich hdp v6i cac loai h i n h

"Can v i u a t n h i e t " va "Ty v i t h a p n h i e t " ; n e u sii

esoxycholic acid (mot t h a n h p h a n khac cung c6

d u n g doc v i (khong p h o i hdp v 6 i cac v i thuoc

n h i e u t r o n g m a t gau) c6 the gay t o n h a i gan,

khac) t r o n g l o a i h i n h "Can v i a m h u " v a " T y v i

t h & n va t u y e n t h i i d n g t h a n . N h i i vay, m a t gau

h i i h a n " , se c6 t h e k h i e n cho benh t h e m t r a m

k h o n g p h a i la m o t v i thuoc a i c u n g d i i n g diidc.

trong. Doi vdi benh viem dai t r a n g man t i n h cung tiJdng t\i nhxl vay. Do do, m u o h d u n g m a t gKxi de chiJa t r i cac benh t r e n , nen den cd sci "NGUYEN SAM" LA SAM

D o n g y CO t i n n h i e m de c6 dvfdc nhutng h i i d n g d a n cu t h e . V i m a t gau k h o n g p h a i l a thd

thuoc

"chQa dvfdc bach benh".

+ H o i : Toi c6 ngitci nhd mdi bi mac benh viem tdc

T i e n day x i n n o i t h e m , sach thuoc D o n g y co xep m a t gau vao l o a i thuoc "v6 doc" (khong doc), n h i i n g n h i f vay k h o n g c6 n g h i a m a t gau hoan toan v6 h a i . D i e u dang c h i i y la, m o t v i thuoc dildc n g i i d i x i f a coi la v6 doc p h a i h i e u theo nghia, n e u dtfdc d u n g d u n g benh v a d u n g d u n g l i e u lifdng. G a n day d H a N o i v a m o t so' dia p h i i d n g k h a c da x u a t h i e n m o t v a i t r i f d n g hdp t a i bien do s\i d u n g m a t gau. C h u n g t o i k h o n g ro nhQng t r i i d n g hdp do ngiJdi t a da svL d u n g m a t gau de chuta c h i i n g benh g i , da p h a che va d i i n g l i e u l i i d n g nhxi the nao, nen k h o n g t h e difa r a k e t l u a n . T u y n h i e n , ve v i thuoc m a t sach Trung

gau

diidc diCdc ly doc ly diJC Idm sang

cua

T r u n g Quo'c m d i x u a t b a n gan day cho biet: Cho khi

dung

chenodesoxycholic

acid

(thanh

p h a n CO n h i e u t r o n g m a t gau) t r o n g 6 t h a n g c6 the 84

CI?

d i n den nhQng t o n t h i f d n g ci gan;

con

ddng mqch chi duM. Mot nguai ban mdch cho bdi thuoc gia truyen, noi rdng thai tru&c; gia dinh co lam thuoc Dong y, cdc cu thu&ng dung bdi thuoc ndy chvca rat hieu nghiem. Gia dinh ggi Id bdi "thodt ung dieu phuorng". Bdi thuoc rat don gidn, chi co 4 vi uoc (kim ngdn, nguyen sdm, duffng quy vd cam thdo). Co dieu, ve vi "nguyen sdm" toi da hoi khd nhieu ngudi quen, md chdng ai biet chinh xdc Id thit sdm gi? Vi vay rat mong "Thuoc vu&n nhd" thong tin cho Met "nguyen sdm" Id sdm gi, co nhUng tdc dung chita benhgi? " N g u y e n sam"

+ Dap: dn thuoc"

la " t e n d i i n g t r o n g

(xijt p h i i d n g danh)

cua

thuoc

u y e n sam". " H u y e n sam" la m o t cay thuoc ho ioa

mdi

(Scrophulariaceae), da diidc d i thtfc

ao niidc t a va moc t o t . " H u y e n sam" con co h i e u t e n goi khac n h a u , n h i i " t r o n g d a i " , "da ma", "hie

sam", " n g u y e n sam"... T r o n g cac

ddn thuoc B^c thiJdng goi la "huyen sam" hoac "nguyen sam".

hong, viem amidan; chiia ho khan, mun nhpt, la loet...

Bai thuoc "Thodt ung dieu phiCcfng" ma ban hoi, CO le chinh la bai "Ti2 dieu dung an thang", mot bai thuoc co, diidc chep l a i trong sach "Nghiem phiCdng tan bien". (^ac nghien ciiu hien dai cho thay phifdng thuoc nay c6 tac dung lam gian mach va cai thien tuan hoan t a i cho. Thdi trif6c, Dong y thildng dung "Tit dieu dung an thang" de chiia chiing "thoat ung" - tiidng Ung vdi benh "viem t&c dong mach" trong Tay y. Theo chung toi diidc biet, thdi ky Ha Noi m6i giai phong, cac cu lang ci Vien Dong y Ha Noi da Xing dung bai thuoc nay chuta t r i nhieu triidng hdp viem tac dong mach dat ket qua tot.

Kieng ky: Nhutng ngxidi huyet ap thap, diidng huyet thap, hoac hay di long khong nen dung doc v i huyen sam.

- Thanh phan bai thuoc "Ti2 dieu dung an thang": Huyen sam 30g, k i m ngan hoa 30g, dUdng quy 15g, cam thao lOg. Sic nif6c, chia 3 Ian uong trong ngay. Theo Dong y, huyen sam c6 v i dSng ngot hdi man, tinh han, vao 2 k i n h phe va than. Co tac dung t i i am, giang hoa, trtf phien, chi khat, giai doc, Idi yet hau, nhuan tao, hoat triidng. Diing chuta cac benh nhiet, phien khat, dien cuong, yet hau s U n g dau, ung thung, trang nhac, tao bon. Trong dan gian, huyen sam thiidng diidc dCmg de ha sot, giai doc, chuta cac chutng viem 86

Mot so bai thuoc khdc c6 sii dung huyen sdm: - Chiia viem hong, viem amidan: Huyen sam lOg, cam thao 3g, cat canh 5g, mach mon dong 8g, thang ma 3g, niidc 600ml. SSc con 200ml chia lam nhieu Ian uohg trong ngay hoac lam thuoc sue mieng. - Huyen sdm giai doc thang: Huyen sam 9g, chi t i i 6g, hoang cam 6g, k i n h gi6i 6g, cat can 9g, sinh dia 90g, cam thao 3g, sic nudc uohg trongngay. ; , u . : v ; , ; Cong dung: Chiia viem hong, yet hau siing dau, mun nhot lei loet. ,^^.,5 - ChUa mieng Id loet: Huyen sam, hoang lien, dai hoang, cac v i thuoc diing lieu liidng bSng nhau, tan thanh hot min, ngay uong 2 Ian, moi Ian lOg. - Tri nho sot cao: Huyen sam 12g, k i m ngan hoa lOg, thach cao 30g, k i n h gi6i lOg, sic nxidc, chia ra uohg trong ngay. - ChUa viem tuyen tien liet man tinh: Huyen sam 15g, a giao lOg, hoang ba lOg, xa tien thao lOg, nhu hiidng lOg, mot dildc lOg, bo cong anh 8*

20g, tvi thao 20g, sSc nvfdc uohg moi ngay mot thang (Hien dai thitc dung trung di/cfc hoc).

dau xUffng" Of dau? Co phdi vi thd ddy nay chiia khoi ducfc dau nhdc md cd ten nhit vay hay khong?

- ChUa trdng nhac, viem hack bach huyei: Huyen sam (hap chin), mau le (tarn giarc nvfdng), boi m l u (bo loi, hap chin), cac v i thuoc dCing heu liidng b&ng nhau. Nghien thanh hot min, luyen v6i mat lam thanh vien. Ngay uohg 2 Ian, moi Ian 9g (theo Trung Hoa lam sang trung diCdc hoc).

+ Dap: "Day dau xiidng" c6 rat nhieu ten goi khac: "khoan can d i n g " , "than can dang", "thif can dang", "dai luc dSng", "dai thanh xa", "luc dang t\i", "tiep co't dang", "nhuyen cot dang"... Ten khoa hoc la Tinospora Merr, ho Tiet de (Menispermaceae). ,^ ^

- Viem hong man tinh: Huyen sam, mach mon dong, thao quyet minh moi ihxi 5-lOg, ham v6i 200ml nii6c soi, u trong 10 phut, uohg moi ngay vai Ian, lien tuc 1 thang (1 lieu trinh), nghi vai ngay lai uong tiep nhii vay cho den k h i khoi (Trung Tdy y kit hop tap chi). - ChQa tdo bon: Huyen sam 15g, thien hoa phan 15g, lai phuc tvi 30g, che thanh thuoc tan. Ngay uong 3 Ian, moi Ian 6g, moi lieu t r i n h 10 ngay (Hien dai thitc dung trung diCdc hoc).

DAY OAU X l / d N C + Hoi: May tkdng gdn day, ngu&i toi thu&ng bi dau e dm, nhdt Id ve dem. Co ngudi mack, c6 the dung "day dau xuomg" sac nude uong de chiia. De nghi "Thuoc vudn nhd" cho bie't, c6 the kiem "ddy 88

Cay CO ten la "day dau xUdng" v i dan gian thvfdng sii dung cay nay de chuta benh dau xUdng. Nhiing ten khac nhif "khoan can dang", "thii can dang", "than can dang" cung hen quan den tinh trang dau nhijtc gan cot - c6 nghia la thrf day leo CO tac dung lam cho gan cot d l chiu, boat dong d l dang C'khoan" = d l chiu, "thu" = thoai mai, "than" = du6i ra, "can" = gan, "dang" = day leo). Day dau xvfOng la mot loai cay leo, dai khoang 7-8m, c6 canh dai r u xuohg, luc dau c6 long, sau t h i nhan. La c6 long, nhat la b mat difdi - lam cho mat dirdi c6 mau trang nhat; phien la hinh t i m , phia cuohg tron va hom lai, phia dinh hep lai thanh miii nhon, dai 10-12cm, rong 8-10cm, c6 5 gan ro, toa hinh chan vit. Hoa nioc thanh chCim t u lai, chvim dai chiing 10cm, CO long mang, mau t r l n g nhat. Qua hach, k h i chin CO mau do, c6 dich nhay, bach hinh ban cau, mat phang cua ban cau hom lai. Mvia qua ci 89

m i e n BSc: T h a n g 3-4. Cay moc h o a n g k h a p n d i d

tuSn CO t h e st( d u n g . N g a y uong 3 Ian, m o i Ian 1

V i e t N a m , con moc ca ci T r u n g Quoc va A n Do.

chen con. P h u nQ va nhuEng ngUdi k h o n g uohg

Dieu

can lUu y Id: T r o n g D o n g y, " k h o a n can

d i n g " con c h i m o t loai cay khac, c u n g diidc s\i d u n g de chQa t r i cac chijfng d a u n h i l c , c6 t e n khoa hoc l a Lycopodium c l a v a t u m L.. N h i i n g la

dJcJc r i f d u , h a n g ngay c6 t h e d i i n g 15-20g day dau xiidng, s i c v d i nxidc uohg. ThUdng t h d i g i a n dieu t r i keo d a i k h o a n g 15 ngay (mot l i e u t r i n h ) . - ChUa dau rang:

D u n g day d a u x i i d n g t i i d i ,

loai cay t h a n bo (khong p h a i t h a n leo n h i i "day

c i t nho, cho vao m i e n g n h a i n a t , n g a m m o t liic

d a u xiidng"), con goi la " t h a c h t u n g " , " t h o n g da",

roi nho. Co tac d u n g g i a m d a u r a t t o t .

can

- Chi/a siCng dau do bi don, bi nga: D u n g day

thao"... L o a i cay nay chi t h a y moc cf cac v u n g

dau x i i d n g 10-15g k h o , sac nifdc uohg. N g o a i

n i i i cao n h i i Sapa, T a m Dao... con t h i i "day d a u

dung day d a u x i i d n g t i l d i gia nho (c6 t h e t r o n

xvfdng" m a b a n q u a n t a m t h i moc h o a n g ci khSp

vdi rifdu), dap len n h i i n g cho s i i n g dau, r o i d i i n g

ndi, m i e n n u i va dong b&ng deu c6 sftn. De &\i

gac hoac b a n g co' d i n h l a i .

" t h a n g k i r n thao", "qua

sdn long", " t h i f

d u n g l a m thuoc: Cat lay t h a n , cat n g i n t h a n h

- Chiia

ngoai

thiCcfng xudt

D u n g day

huyet:

tiifng doan d a i 20-30cm r o i p h d i hay say k h o . L a

dau xuldng 10-15g kho, s i c niidc uohg. Ngoai d u n g

thiidng dung tiidi, t h u hai quanh nam.

day d a u xifdng t a n hot, rac len cho vet thiidng.

Theo D o n g y, day d a u x i i d n g c6 v i d&ng, t i n h m a t . Vao h a i k i n h Can va Ty. Co tac d u n g trijf phong t h a p , t h u can boat lac, t a n \i c h i h u y e t .

"HOANG MU" LA CAY

T h i i d n g sxL d u n g de chiia cac c h i l n g d a u nhilc

CI?

gan x i i d n g do phong t h a p , chan t a y co r u t , b a n t h a n b a t toai, b i nga hoac b i d a n h t o n t h i i d n g gay xUdng... Lieu

dung:

Nam

ngoai, toi ciing gia dinh di nghi a

Sapa. Do an uong khong

15-20g.

Vdi hinh thtcc dung day dau xuorng:

- Chita gan xitcMg dau nhi2c, ban than bat toai: T h a i nho day d a u xiidng, sao vang, n g a m rUdu v 6 i t y le 1 p h a n 5. H a n g ngay l i e b i n h , sau m o t 90

+ Hoi:

hop khdu vi nen bi di li.

Mot bd lang ngudi dan toe thieu so dd cho ddng re cay "hoang

mil" sac uong, benh khoi rat nhanh.

Toi

fioy, moi khi nhd lai Idn di nghi do toi lai thdc mac, khong Met do Id thif thuoc gi md hay nhu vqy.

Neu

c6 the duffc,

Met

mong

"Thuoc

vu&n nhd"

cho

"hodng mil" la thtc cay nhu the ndo, c6 nhitng tdc dung chua benh gi?

+ Dap: Thii cay ma chi quan tarn, nhieu kha nang la "hoang hen gai", ten khoa hoc la Berberis wallichiana D C , ho Hoang lien gai (Berberidaceae). Cay nay moc hoang cf quanh t h i tran Sapa. con thay tren nhflng vung niii cao thuoc tinh Lao Cai. Theo tai lieu cii, nhan dan Sapa goi cay nay la "hoang mu". Tvf nhiing nam 60, k h i tien hanh dieu tra cay thuoc, bo mon Dudc lieu, Dai hoc Dildc Ha Noi da dat ten la "hoang lien gai", de phan biet v6i cay "hoang lien" - cung moc nhieu d quanh Sapa, nhiing thuoc ho Mao liidng. Hoang mu la loai cay bui, cao 2-3m, canh viidn dai, v6 than mau vang xam nhat, moi dot difdi chCim la c6 gai ba nhanh, dai 1-1,5cm. La moc thanh chum 3-4 la, c6 k h i tdi 8 la 6 mot dot. Cuong la n g i n 0,5-1cm; phien la nguyen, hinh mac, mep c6 rang cifa to, cijfng, dai 16-17cm, rong 4-6cm, mat tren mau xanh luc nhat, mat diidi mau tr&ng. Hoa mau vang, moc thanh chiim, d Sapa nci vao cac thang 5-6. Qua mong hinh trai xoan, dai khoang 1cm, moc tren mot cuohg dai 30-35cm, k h i chin c6 mau t i m den trong chila 3, 4 hat den dai 5-6mm, rong 2-3mm. Co the trong cay nay hang hat, cay moc rat d l dang tai quanh t h i tran Sapa.

Bg phan diing lam thuoc: Than cay va r i cay. lan va re dao ve c&t ng^n, thai mong, phdi hay iy kho, khong phai che bien gi khac. Tdc dung chita benh:

Diing lam thuoc chQa di l i , dau m&t, an uohg ^ 6 m tieu. Dung diidi dang thuoc sic, mdi ngay uo'ng 4 den 6 gam, cung c6 the tan hot uohg. Con dung lam nguyen lieu chiet xuat becberin. Hoang lien gai ngam riJdu uo'ng chiJa nhutng trieu chting cua benh huyet ap cao nhii hoa m&t, nhijtc dau, chong mat, dau ngang liing. Rifdu hoang lien gai ngam chiia dau rang. Ddn thuoc CO hoang lien gai: - ChiCa di ly: Hoang lien gai 4g, nifdc 150ml, sic uo'ng trong ngay. Co the them i t diidng vao cho d i uong. - ChUa dau rang: Hoang lien gai lOg, rifdu t r i n g lOOml. Ngam trong 7-10 ngay. Cham vao ndi rang dau.

RAU DUA Nl/dC Vdl CHUNC DAI OUC + Hoi:

dng chdu 65 tudi, bi dai due, dai rat, tieu ra

mdu, dau bud't khi di tieu... 6ng chdu ddduffc bdc sike cho don thuoc tan duac, nhung uong khong dd. Tri Thicc Tri so 142 c6 noi tdi tdc dung chuca viem du&ng

tie't nieu cua c6 phumg

CO phao noi, xop h i n h t r i i n g . L a h i n h t r i i n g h a y

vi. Chdu mud'n hoi c6 the su

dung de chUa berth cho 6ng chdu duac khong?

hdi t h u o n , den cuong h d i hep l a i , d a u t u h a y h d i

Ngodi

t r o n , d a i 4-6cm. H o a moc ddn doc 5 ke l a m a u

ra cdn c6 the sA dung nhitng vi thuoc Nam ndo khdc? + D a p : D u n g l a "Thuoc Tre

so 142

viidn nhd" - Tri

t r i n g , cuong d a i 1cm. D a i 5 r a n g , t r a n g 5, n h i 10, b a u ha, 5 6. Qua n a n g h i n h t r u d a i 2 5 m m ,

TMc

da g i 6 i t h i e u ve tac d u n g cua

tnd t h a n h ba

m a n h , t r e n m a t c6 long.

Hat

phiJdng V I , t r o n g do c6 de cap tdi viec d u n g doc

n h i e u , nho, h d i c6 h i n h c h i i n h a t . Co t h e t h u h a i

v i (mot vi) CO p h i i d n g v i s i c v d i niidc hoac v d i

gan nhif q u a n h n a m . H a i ve rvLa. sach, t h a i

niidc vo gao uong, de c h i i a v i e m diidng t i e t n i e u ,

ngSn, p h d i h a y say k h o .

v d i cac t r i e u c h i i n g t i e u t i e n nho giot, n i e u dao nong r a t d a u buot, d a i r a m a u . T u y n h i e n , t r i f d n g hdp n g i l d i ong cua b a n , ngoai cac t r i e u chijfng t h i i d n g gap cua benh v i e m difdng t i e t

Theo D o n g y, dtfa nxidc c6 v i ngot n h a t ; t i n h mat; c6 tac d u n g t h a n h n h i e t , I d i t i e u , l i i d n g huyet, g i a i doc; d u n g chvLa c^m sot, ho k h a n , d a i due, p h u t h i i n g ; dSp ngoai chiia s i i n g 16, vet

n i e u , con c6 t h e m h i e n t i i d n g " d a i due" - t r i e u

t h i i d n g rin c l n . Cach siL d u n g de chuEa c h i i n g

chijfng dien h i n h cua b e n h " d a i d i i d n g chap", v i

dai due (theo sach "NhUng cay thuoc vd vi

vay kho c6 the c h i svL d u n g m o t v i c6 phvfdng v i

Viet Nam" cua GS D6 Ta't L d i ) .

m a chiia k h o i dildc. T r o n g p h a n t r a I d i m o t doc gia d H a i Phong, Tri tMc

Tre so 140 da gidi

t h i e u each d u n g thuoc N a m de chuta cac t r i e u c h i i n g d a i buot, d a i r a t do v i e m bang

quang.

N a y x i n de cap t d i each d u n g v i thuoc "rau

diia

niCdc" de chQa chvfng d a i due. Rau

diia

niidc moc hoang ci cac ao d a m , bd

r u o n g a m \idt. Cay n a y t r o n g N a m goi l a " r a u dxia t r a u " , n g i i d i T h a i goi l a "co n h a pot"; t r o n g cac sach thuoc t h i i d n g goi l a " t h u y long", " d u l o n g t h a i " , "qua d i i d n g xa"... T e n k h o a hoc l a Jussiaea repens L . Diifa niidc la m o t cay moc bo h a y moc n o i t r e n m a t nUdc, ben r i ci cac m a u v a 94

thuoc

Can cijt theo k i n h n g h i e m cua Ixidng y P h a m Cong T u y e n v a T a T r a c D u , n h i e u n a m t r i i d c Benh v i e n D o n g y H a N o i da t i e n h a n h th'uf n g h i e m : D i i n g niidc sic r a u dijfa nildc (lOOg k h o t r o n g m o t ngay, u o n g l i e n tuc tii 5 den

ngay) c h i i a 25 ngifcii (23 nQ 2 n a m ) b i v i e m bang q u a n g m a k h o n g do soi, holic lao b a n g quang h a y lao t h a n v d i n h i i n g t r i e u c h i i n g d a i buot, d a i r a t , d a i r a m a u . K e t qua t h u diidc r a t tot: Sau m o t den h a i t u a n d i e u t r i , b e n h n h a n het d a i buot, d a i r l t , niidc t i e u b i n h t h i f d n g : sau 6 t h a n g h a y h d n k h o n g t h a y t a i p h a t . Cac

tac gia con mci rong dieu t r i 37 triidng hop dai ra diidng chap (chylurie) va huyet dUdng chap (hemochylurie) m i c benh tii 1 thang den 1-2 nam. Benh nhan di tieu due keo dai, c6 benh nhan sang day dai bat ra tijfng mieng mau trang nhxi thach hoac mau hong nhiJ mieng t h i t . Kiem t r a mau khong thay au t r u n g giun chi. Ket qua t h u diidc rat tot. Cach diing cung nhii tren: Moi ngay uong 100-200g r a u dufa kho dii6i dang thuo'c sSc (them 1,5-2 l i t nif6c, dun soi 2-3 gid con 0,5 l i t chia hai lan uong trong ngay). Thdi gian dieu t r i t i i 4 - 64 ngay lien tuc. Trong thdi gian dieu t r i benh nhan kieng md, trijfng, an nhat. Khong nhiing lam het dii3ng chap ma con het ca anbumin, hong cau, bach cau trong nxidc tieu.

Dong y. Nhiia coc (thiem to) la dich tiet ra tiif cac tuyen sau t a i va tren da con coc, la thuo'c cUc doc (thuoc doc bang A), can het siic can than khi dung. Trong dan gian, con dCing t h i t c6c de chiJa benh cam tich b tre nho. Cdch che bien thit coc nhiC sau: Chon nhiing con coc to (c6c den hay coc vang deu dung dvidc, nhifng tranh dving loai c6c mat do). Diing dao that sic chat dau (ci phia dif6i 2 u to tren d^u) va bo di. Khia doc xtfdng song va lot het da, moi bo het ruot, gan, phoi va nhat la triing coc. Can tranh khong de cho mu (nhtfa) coc dmh vao thit, muoh vay sau k h i thit coc xong can riia cho that sach - khoa manh vao nifdc. Sau do, cho vao chao gang rang cho kho gion (hoac say kho gion), roi tan thanh hot. Co ndi de nguyen ca con, ca xildng dem phdi kho -

TAC DUNG CHUA BENH CUA CON COC â&#x20AC;˘

â&#x20AC;˘

+ Hoi: Gdn day toi thudng thd'y mot so ngu&i mang coc di ban rong. Ngudi ta don rang, thit coc Id mot thuc phdm rdt bo, Iqi Id vi thudc rdt quy trong Dong y. Vdy thit coc co nhUng tdc dung gi? Rdt mong duac "Thuo'c vu&n nhd" thong tin cho biet. + Dap: Thit coc, dac biet la nhUa coc, diing la nhiing v i thuoc da dvfdc sxL dung t ^ lau trong 96

Tai Trung Quoc ngUdi ta cung dCing hinh thvfc nay, goi do la v i thuoc "can thiem" (coc kho). K h i che "can thien", ciing can mo bo ruot, gan, phoi, trting va da roi phdi hay say kho. Vie thanh phdn hod hoc, theo ket qua nghien cviu cua Vien Ve sinh Ha Noi (1961): Trong t h i t coc CO 53,38% protit, 12,66% lipit, ra't i t gluxit, 23,56% tro va 4,18% do ^m. Trong protit cua thit coc CO rat nhieu axit amin c6 gia t r i chu ye'u 1^ asparagin, histidin, axit glutamic, glycocol, threonin, axit aminobutyric, tyrosin, methionin, 97

leuxin, isoleuxin, phenylanin, tryprophan, xystein. Theo mot thong bao khac: Thit coc con CO kha nhieu mangan va kem - cao hdn so vcii trong mot so' thit khac nhiJ ech, ga, bo va Idn. Nhif vay gia t r i dinh diidng cua thit coc rat cao.

doc say cho vijfa deo nhuyยงn. Ca ba thijt tron deu lam thanh vien, m6i vien 4g. Ngay uo'ng 2 Ian, jnoi l ^ n 2 vien. Chiia tre con b i suy dinh dUdng, g^y com, bieng an, ia chay. Dung lien tuc trong 2-3 thang.

Dieu can dac biet liCu y la: Tijf nhieu nam tnidc, ci nifdc ta da tCftig xay ra nhieu vu ngo doc t h i t coc rat thiidng tam, do che bien khong dung phiidng phap. V i vay, k h i muoh s\i dung thit coc de chQa benh, can lam theo diing sii hifdng dan cua thay thuoc. Con viec sik dung thit coc cua nhutng ngifdi ban rong, de che bien cac mon "dac san bo diidng", theo chiing toi nghl la khong nen, v i nhif vay rat de b i ngo doc.

- Bdi thuoc khac chQa cam tich tre em (bung to, ngvtdi vang, gay): Bat coc, lot bo da, bo ca din minh, ruot, gan va triing. Chi lay hai cai diii, phet dau vijfng hay md niidng an. A n luon trong 5-6 ngay, moi ngay mot Ian.

Ngoai ra, k h i dung t h i t coc de chijta benh, can chii y theo dung lieu lifdng. N6i chung, chi nen s\i dung vdi lieu nho: Hang ngay dung tii 2 den 3g, diidi dang tan bot hay lam thanh thuoc vien. De tham khao, xin gidi thieu mot so' ddn thuoc CO s\i dung coc (theo sach "Nhihig cay thuoc ud vi thuoc Viet Nam" cua GS. D6 Tat Ldi): - Bdi thuoc cam coc chiJCa suy dinh diCdng (do gia dinh cu Nguyen Trong Tan co'ng hie'n cho Vien nghien ciiu Dong y): Bot coc 10 phan, bot chuo'i 14 phan, long do trijfng 2 phan. Cdch che: Bot coc che nhif phan tren da noi, t n i n g ga dap bo long trSng, li'y long do hap chin, sa'y kho, tan thanh bot. Chuo'i bo v6, bo 98

CAY HY THIEM CHUA BAN THAN BAT TOAI + Hoi: dng ngoai toi bi ban than bat toqi da. 2 nam nay. Co ngudi mdch, di kie'm cay hy thiem, sac lay nu&c uong hang ngay, co tdc dung rat tot. De nghi "Thuoc

vu&n nhd" cho biet ngudi ta noi nhu vdy co

dung hay khong?

Cay hy thiem thu&ng hay mgc &

dau? Cdch che bien vd sue dung

nhuthendo?

+ Dap: Hy thiem la cay moc hoang khSp ndi b nude ta. Mot so' ndi ci niidc ta con goi la co dZ, exit l<fn, cho de, nu do ria. Ten khoa hoc la Siegesbechia Orientahs L . ChiJ "ciit Idn" la dich nghia "Hy thiem" trong tieng Han: "hy" la hoi nhu Idn, "thiem" la t h i i co d i n g , cay, hdi doc. Can

It liJu y la "exit Idn" con chi mot cay khac cung thuoc ho Ciic, ba con ta thifdng nau v6i bo ket de goi dau. Con ten "cho de" lai thUdng dung chi cay "cho de rang ciia" thuoc ho Thau d^u. Ngifdi ta goi hy thiem la "c6 di" vi hoa c6 chat dinh, nguai di qua thiidng hi bam vao lam ban quan ao. Hy thiem la cay song lau nam, than moc thing, cao khoang 50cm, canh c6 long. La moc doi, hinh qua tram, cuohg ngSn, mep c6 rSng cifa, dxidi c6 long. Hoa hinh dau, mau vang, la bac CO long, cuong c6 long tuyen dinh. Qua hinh triing, mau den, 4-5 canh, dai khoang 3mm, rong 1mm. MCia hoa thang 4-5; mua qua thang 9-10. Vao khoang thang 4-5, khi cay sfip ra hoa, cat toan cay hy thiem, dem phdi ngoai ning t6i gan kho, roi mang vao ndi thoang gio phdi den khi kho han. Ngoai ra, Dong y con diing rl va qua hy thiem. Theo sach Ban thdo cUdng muc: Dung hy thiem phai nau va phdi kho 9 Ian (cv(u chiidng cxiu sai) mdi tot, diing tiidi c6 the gay non. Kinh nghiem cua mot so' litdng y Viet Nam: Hy thiem dem rvLa sach, phdi kho, tudi riidu va mat vao, do len roi phdi kho - neu lam diidc 9 Ian nhu vay thi cang tot. Theo Dong y, hy thiem c6 vi ding, tinh han. hdi CO doc. Co tac dung khrt phong thap, Idi gan cot, sat trung, giai doc, ha huyet ap. Dung de 100

chfla chan tay te bai, goi dau, Ivfng moi, viem gan vang da. Con dung dip tai cho, chuta nhot d6c, ong dot, ran can. Liiu dung: 9-12g. Kieng ky: Ngiidi am huyet khong du khong nin dung doc vi hy thiem. - Cdch diing hy thiem chiJta ban than bat toai: Hai la va canh non cay hy thiem triidc khi ra hoa (khong ke nhieu it), sao vang, tan thanh hot min. Them mat ong vao tron deu thanh thii hot mem, ve thanh vien to bing hat ngo. Hang ngay uohg tvL 3 den 6g vien, vao sau biia an. Neu uong diidc rUdu thi nen dCing rUdu de chieu thuoc. Day la mot ddn thuoc kinh dien, c6 ten la "Hy thiem hodn", chuyen dCing chijta ban than bat toai, mieng meo do cam gio, mat tieng... Nhu vay, de chQa ban than bat toai sk dung cay hy thiem sic nU6c uohg hang ngay, de tranh tac dung phu, nen che bien trvi6c - theo mot trong cac phiidng phap da noi b tren. Mot so dan thuoc khdc c6 diing hy thiem:

- ChiCa cam mac, dau dau: Hai canh, la non hy thiem 12g, tia to 12g, hanh 8g sic nxidc uong. - Chita tang huyet dp: Dung hy thiem 20g, hoa hoe 20g sic nifdc uohg trong ngay. Co tac <lung ha huyet, an than, chfla than kinh suy ^hudc, mat ngu. 101

- ChUa ung nhot, doc, vet thUcfng ngoai da: L a y h y t h i e m t i f d i , r i i a sach, gia n a t d i p vao ch6 bi thiidng. Li/ong y H i r D a n

j j j ^ C u n g CO t h e d e m sijfng de cifa nho, n i l d n g ^ ^ & n g , t a n t h a n h h o t m i n , de uong: M o i I a n l - 2 g bpt thuoc, ngay 2 l a n . Co t h e c6 tac d u n g n h a t dinh. T u y nhien, t o t nhat nen

dung bai

thuoc, m a m o t so n g i i d i da svf d u n g c6 k e t q u a tUdng (Joi t o t n h i f sau:

SUNG DE NUI V6l BENH VIEW XOANC

- Lai ty bat vi thang:

K i m n g a n hoa 15g,

thifcing n h i t\i (qua k e d a u ngila) lOg, t a n d i 9g, xuyen k h u n g 9g, bach c h i 9g, bac h a 4g, te t a n

+ Hoi: T6i bi viem xoang sang dd mudi may nam

2g, t h a n g m a 6g. S i c nvf6c uong t r o n g ngay.

nay. Nu6c mui chdy ngUffc vao trong hong. Co nguai

U o n g l i e n t u c 10 ngay (mot l i e u t r i n h ) , n g h i 3

cho cap sung de nui (son duong)

ngay l a i t i e p tuc l i e u t r i n h khac.

vd bay cho each

chica, la cua nho, dem dot vd xong hit khoi do. Nha "Thuoc

vudn nhd" cho biet cong dung cua sitng de, c6

tri du&c hit viem xoang khong? Co doc hqi gi khong?

DAY VA LA HA THU 6 Vdl CHUNG TOG BAG SdM

+ Dap: Theo Dong y, sufng de n u i (sdn difdng giac) CO v i m a n , t i n h l a n h , vao 2 k i n h C a n va Tarn. Co tac d u n g t h a n h nhiet, t r a n t i n h , giai doc, b i n h C a n tiic phong... Thvfdng d u n g chiJa chijtng

+ H o i : Em nam nay 22 tudi, Men dang cdn di

hon me t r o n g cac benh nhiet, p h a t cuong noi

hoc, tinh trqng sAc khoe binh thudng.

n h a m , chan t a y co giat, m a t do s i n h m a n g mong...

em bi bac khd nhieu.

T r o n g t h i i t i c h k i n h dien cua D o n g y, k h o n g t h a y n o i t 6 i viec s\i d u n g sCfng de dot, xong chiJa

thuoc nhung phdi

Id triiu

Em dd dieu tri nhieu

vdn khong hit... chAng

Nhung

loqi

Em muon bii't do eo

cua "stress"

khong

vd phai

v i e m xoang. T u y n h i e n , siifng de c6 tac d u n g

dieu tri bdng each ndo?

t h a n h n h i e t , sat t r i i n g . . . n e n k i n h n g h i e m d a n

vd la cua cay Hd thu 6, bdng each phoi

g i a n m a b a n v i e t t r o n g t h i f , c6 the c6 cd sb n h a t

ngdm vdo nu&c nong nhu uong trd. Em muon hoi

d i n h . N g o a i r a , sijfng de k h o n g p h a i l a t h i i thuoc

uong nhu vqy c6 duoc khong?

CO doc t i n h , nen c6 the yen t a m d u n g t h ^ .

site khoe

102

Hiin

toe

em dang uong

than

kho vd

Cd dnh hucmg gi den

khong?

I0Â»

+ D a p : Theo Dong y, s U p h a t t r i e n cua toe c6

* ^ t r & n g te doi r a n h i f cap s i i n g bo. Dae biet can

l i e n q u a n m a t t h i e t v 6 i t r a n g t h a i cua H u y e t va

chu y l a , mot so cay khac t h i i d n g hay b i n h a m

h a i t a n g T a m , T h a n . H u y e t day d u , T a m va

l l n v6i H a t h u 6, n h i l "cay v u bo", "cay si2a",

T h a n h o a t dong t o t , t h i toe St den m i i d t . Toe bac

"cay siifng t r a u " (con goi l a "cay sijfng de") v a

"cay cang cua". Cay cang cua giohg H a t h u 6

"stress" CO the l a m r o i l o a n m o t so' chijtc n a n g

t r f i n g ci n h i e u d i e m : C u n g thuoc ho T h i e n l y , l a

s i n h l y t r o n g ed the, gay a n h hiicing x a u t d i svLc

ciing moc doi, t h a n c i i n g c6 chat nhUa t r & n g ,

khoe t o a n t h a n . Do do, de ngSn ngtfa toe bac

qua cung te l a m doi... n h i l n g l a i l a loai cay c6

sdm, chohg "stress"

doc; p h a i la ngUdi c6 k i n h n g h i e m m d i p h a n b i e t

s6m, t ^ ' t n h i e n c6 l i e n q u a n t d i "stress".

c i i n g l a m o t bien

phap

c h i n h xae diide.

k h o n g t h e coi nhe.

Cay H a t h u 6 do cho t a 2 v i thuoc: (1) " H a t h u

B a n v i e t la dang u o h g t h a n va l a cay H a t h u

6" l a eu da p h d i hoac say k h o . (2) "Da giao dang"

6. " T h a n " b day eo p h a i l a " t h a n leo" h a y khong?

la day ( t h a n , c6 t h e k e m theo l a ) . N h i l vay, b a n

V i H a t h u 6 l a loai day leo. N g o a i r a . H a t h u 6

dang s^ d u n g v i thuoc "da giao d i n g " . " H a t h u

l a i CO 2 loai: H a t h u 6 do va H a t h u 6 t r i n g . Ca

6" va "da giao dSng" c6 tac d u n g k h o n g hoan

h a i l o a i deu c6 the svt d u n g l a m thuoc bd, n h i i n g

toan giohg n h a u :

H a t h u 6 do diJOc coi l a " c h i n h v i " - t o t hdn.

u . , , ,

,,,,,,,

- H a t h u 6 CO v i dSng ngot chat, t i n h h d i a m .

T r i f d n g hdp c6 dieu k i e n t i l t h u h a i , p h a n biet

Co tac d u n g bd can, i c h t h a n , difdng h u y e t , trii

giiJa h a i loai H a t h u 6 k h o n g k h o k h a n \im: Ca

phong. D u n g ehiJa can t h a n a m hvi, toe bac s6m,

h a i deu la day leo t h a n t r o n , nhUng t h a n H a

dau dau do h u y e t h i f ( t h i e u m a u ) , l i i n g gdi y e u

t h u 6 do k h o n g c6 long, con H a t h u 6 t r i n g t h i

moi, gan cot te d a u , d i t i n h , b a n g l a u , sot r e t l a u

CO n h i e u long, n h a t l a cf n h i i n g doan t h a n non.

ngay, v i e m gan m a n t i n h , u n g nhot...

L a H a t h u 6 do moc so le, h a i m a t deu nh&n va k h o n g CO long; con l a H a t h u 6 t r S n g moc doi, c6

- D a giao d i n g c6 v i h d i dfing, t i n h b i n h . Co

l o n g m i n d ea h a i m a t . Hoa H a t h u 6 do m a u

tac d u n g diidng t a m , a n t h a n , t h o n g k i n h lac,

t r S n g , moc t h a n h ehuy, n h i e u n h a n h dai; con

triif phong. DCing chiia m a t n g u , met m o i , n h i e u

hoa H a t h u 6 t r & n g m a u n a u n h a t hoac v a n g

mo h o i , n g i i d i d a u do h u y e t h i i ( t h i e u m a u ) ,

t i a , moc t h a n h x i m , r a t n h i e u long. Qua H a t h u

t r a n g nhac, u n g t h i i n g , m u n n h o t Id ngiia...

6 do CO 3 canh, t r d n bong; con qua H a t h u 6

H a t h u 6 CO tac d u n g bd h u y e t m a n h h d n ,

104

105 !

nhifng ve mat an than t h i Da giao dang c6 tac dung manh hdn. Do do de boi bo cd the va chuta toe bac s6m, nen dung Ha t h u 6. Con de an than, chQa mat ngu, chuta cac benh lei loet ngoai da, t h i nen dung Da giao d i n g . Trong dan gian, de chQa toe bac s6m, nhieu ngvfdi hay dung Da giao d i n g thay the Ha t h u 6, nhifng each lam nhif vay khong hoan toan dung. Ngoai ra, con can lifu y. Ha t h u 6 chia ra 2 loai: Cu Ha t h u 6 kho chiia che bien goi la Ha thu 6 song (sinh Ha t h u 6), cu da qua che bieh goi la "Ha t h u 6 che". Ha t h u 6 song thiidng diidc dung chijta chiing tao bon 6 ngu^di gia va san phu. Con de boi bo va chQa toe bac s6m, t h i can sLf dung Ha t h u 6 che. Li/ong y Hir D a n

THUdc NAM CHUA HOI MIENG + Hoi: Chdu nam nay hoc lop 8, bi hoi mieng da tit Idu roi ma. vdn chua khoi. Chdu Iqi sap trd thdnh lien doi trif&ng va u&c ma sau nay Id muon trd thdnh mot CO giao, neu vdn bi hoi mieng thi se kho x i qud. Chdu

rat mong

chuyen

muc "Thuoc

vu&n nhd"

cho Met, benh cua chdu c6 chUa duffc khong, vd chiia bang each ndo?

106

+ Dap: Chiing hoi mieng c6 the do nhieu nguyen nhan gay nen. Thii nhat, la do thieu ve sinh rang mieng, nhat la sau bfla an - nhQng inanh vun thvic an g i l t trong ke bi len men, thoi 1, tao ra m u i hoi. ThvC hat, c6 the do sau rang, viem quanh chan rang, viem Idi, viem cac xoang quanh mieng, viem hong,... Ngoai r a , mot so benh thuoc dildng tieu hoa, cung c6 the d i n t6i hoi mieng. V i vay, trvfde het c i n chii y ve sinh rang I mieng: Danh rang i t nhat 2 Ian trong 1 ngay, dung phudng phap, v6i loai kem danh rang c6 jtinh sat triing. Nen xue ky mieng, hoae tot nhat lla danh rang sau cac buta an, cang sdm eang tot. |T6I trif6e k h i di ngu, cung can danh rang, sau do xuc ky mieng b i n g n\idc muoi loang. M a t [khae con can den cac khoa Rang - Ham - Mat, iTai - M i i i - Hong va Tieu hoa ci benh vien de ikham. Neu h i m&c cac benh eo the gay hoi mieng nhii da noi ci tren, can chiia t r i kip thdi va triet de. Neu da ap dung tat ca eac bien phap tren, ma mieng v i n hoi, t h i can chQa t r i b&ng Dong y. Theo Dong y, hdi thd txi mieng eo mui hoi, chu yeu do "hoa nhiet", thiic an tich t u "cf ty v i " hoac do "ty k h i h\i nhifdc" (chiic nang hap t h u va tieu -Oa b i suy yeu) gay nen. Chau c6 the can evi vao nhutng bieu hien cua ban than, de nhan biet 107

xem benh thuoc dang nao, ma liia chon bai thuoc thich hdp nhif sau. . Dang "Hod nhiet tick tu": Thiidng do an qua nhieu cac t h i i cay, nong hoac do nhiet do cf ben ngoai xam pham, lau ngay tich t u l a i ma gay nen benh. Ngoai hien tUdng hoi mieng, thUdng kem theo cam giac kho khat, thich uong nif6c mat, a n nhieu mau doi hoac liidi 16 loet, dai tien tao bon, nxidc tieu vang, chat liidi do, reu liJdi vang kho, mach sac hQu lUc (mach dap nhanh va manh). De kh&c phuc, c6 the s^ dung cac bai thuoc sau: - Bai 1 (Td hodng dm): Dung hofic hiJdng 15g, chi t ^ lOg, thach cao lOg, cam thao 8g, phong phong 2g. Sac nii6c uohg moi ngay 1 thang. - Bai 2 (Thanh vi dm): Dung hoang Hen lOg, difdng quy lOg, thang ma lOg, sinh dia 12g, dan hi 12g. Sac nifdc uohg moi ngay 1 thang. . ThjjCc an tich'tre:

Mieng hoi, kem theo mui

giohg nhii len men chua do thdc a n thoi rQa, hoac kem theo mui thiic a n song, chan an, reu liidi day nhdt. De khac phuc can dung bai thuoc sau de "tieu thiic hoa tich"; - Bai thuoc (Bdo hod thang): Dung sdn t r a lOg, than khuc 12g, lai phuc t ^ lOg, t r i n hi lOg, ban ha lOg, phuc linh lOg, lien kieu lOg. s i c nifdc uohg moi ngay 1 thang. fi 108

. Ty vi khi hii: Dang nay thiictng ci nhQng ngiidi m i c benh lau ngay, khien cho ty vi bi ton thiidng (chiitc nang tieu hoa suy giam), the chat suy yeu, nhiet tich lai ci ben trong (hu nhiet noi sinh) thieu dot tan dich b tang ty ma gay nen benh. Bieu hien thiidng gap: mieng hoi, kem theo C O cam giac mieng ngot ma hao, ngUdi met moi, thd yeu, chan an, bung day triidng, dai tien luc tao liic nhao. De khac phuc, c6 the dung cac bai thuoc sau: - Bai thuoc: sa sam 15g, mach mon dong lOg, ngoc triic lOg, phuc linh lOg, sinh dia 12g, hole hifdng 12g, sa nhan 8g, cam thao 8g. Sac nii6c uong moi ngay 1 thang. Ngoai viec s\i dung thuoc uohg, con c6 the sut dung:

. Thuoc ngdm, xdc: - Bai 1: Dung hoang cam lOg, hoac hifdng lOg, thach cao lOg, sinh dia lOg, cam thao 4g. Sac lay nvldc de ngam nhieu l l n trong ngay. - Bai 2: Dung nhuc que, hiidng phu, 6 mai, tran bi; ca 4 thtjt lieu lUdng bang nhau, phdi hoac say kho, tan thanh hot min, tron v6i nutdc gvtng va mat lam thanh vien to cd dau ngon tay. Ngay ngam 2-3 Ian, moi Ian 1 vien. - Bai 3: Thit qua bo hon phdi kho, tan bot lOOg, ngam trong n^a l i t rUdu trong 15-20 ngay. 109

Sau do h a n g ngay d u n g r i i d u thuoc do n g a m 3-4 I a n . Chu

y: C h i n g a m m o t liic xong nho d i , k h o n g

dildc uong. - Bdi 4: D u n g m o t n l m l a hvfdng n h u t i i d i , r ^ a sach, n h a i va n g a m m o t liic r o i nho d i . C u n g CO t h e sac l a hifdng n h u l a y niidc, n g a m v a xiic m i e n g ngay 3-4 I a n . N e u k h o n g c6 l a h i f d n g nhu,

CO t h e d u n g m u i t a u (ngo gai), l a h u n g

chanh, sSc lay niidc xuc m i e n g n h U t r e n , cung c6 tac d u n g r a t t o t .

B e n h n a y co h e n q u a n m a t t h i e t den t h a n h ^h^n

d i n h d i i d n g cua cac loai thtjfc a n svi

dung

h a n g ngay. V i vay, doi v 6 i n g i i d i b i mic

benh

Gut, t r o n g a n u o h g can co n h i i n g k i e n g k y n h a t d i n h . M a t khac, c u n g co t h e p h o i hdp mot so loai thiic a n v 6 i n h a u , hoac v 6 i mot so v i thuoc tao ra n h i i n g " m o n a n - b a i thuoc" de d i i p h o n g hoac t r i h e u benh. De d i i phong benh t a i p h a t , co t h e d u n g m o t so" " M o n a n - B a i thuoc" sau: 1. Chdo

phdng

phong

y di:

Dung

phong

phong lOg, y d i lOg. H a i thijf n a u t h a n h chao a n ngay 1 I a n , l i e n tuc t r o n g 1 t u a n . 2. Chdo xich tieu dau:

X i c h t i e u dau (dau do

hat nho) 30g, gao te 15g, dUdng

MON AN ' THUdc NAM

vTjfa

d u . N a u dau

do trifdc, k h i dau c h i n t h i cho gao vao n a u t h a n h chao, t h e m c h i i t diidng vao cho vCfa mieng.

PHONG BENH CUT

3. Chdo ddo nhdn:

Dao n h a n ( n h a n h a t dao)

+ Hoi: T6i nam nay 45 tuoi, lam cong tac van

15g, gao te 160g. Trifdc het dap h a t dao, l a y

phdng. Cuoi nam ngoai toi bi mac benh Gut, dd dmc

n h a n ben t r o n g , gia n h u y e n , t h e m niidc vao

khdm vd dieu tri khoi benh bang Y hoc Men dai. Nhung

n g h i e n deu, chat l a y niJdc cot (bo ba), cho

toi rat la benh tdiphdt. Nghe noi, co the su: dung mot so

vao n a u t h a n h mot t h i i chao loang.

loai thicc an vd thuoc Nam de du phdng - ngdn chan benh tdi phot. Toi khong ro co dung hay khong?

Neu

dung nhu vdy, thi do Id nhitng thvtgi, si dung cu the ra sao? Rat mong duac "Thuoc vu&n nhd" tu van giup. + Dap: B e n h v i e m k h d p dang G u t

(Guoty

A r t h i r i t i s ) t r o n g y hoc h i e n d a i t i i d n g d i i d n g v d i chijtng " t h o n g phong" t r o n g D o n g y. 110

gao

4. Cd tim iron dau: Ca t i m (ca d a i de) 250g, rUa sach, luoc c h i n , t h a i t h a n h m i e n g nho, t r o n v6i dau vufng, t h e m m a m m u o i va gia v i vao cho viia m i e n g . Cach m o t ngay a n m o t I a n . ^ ^ r ^ 5. Mdng

ire xdo:

M a n g t r e 250g, xao v d i

khoang 30g dau t h i l c v a t , t h e m m a m m u o i v a Sia v i vao cho vvfa m i e n g . M o i ngay a n m o t I a n .

rau can: R a u c a n de n g u y e n ca r g

H i e n t a i , v i n chila c6 nhQng t\i lieu t h a t day

lOOg, rtfa sach, t h a i n h o , gao t e 30-40g, n a u

d u ve h a m lifdng p u r i n e t r o n g t h i i c a n da cho

t h a n h chao, t h e m

m & m m u o i vao cho vtfa

bien. B a n g xep loai t r e n chi c6 t i n h t h a m khao -

mieng. M 6 i ngay a n 1 Idn t r o n g giai doan benh

v i do l a h a m l i i d n g p u r i n e t r o n g thiic a n chila

d a n g p h a t . Co tac d u n g t h a n h n h i e t , b i n h c a n ,

che bien. C u n g can l i f u y la: Nhutng benh n h a n h i

k h i f p h o n g , I d i t h a p . Co t h e s\i d u n g de chQa

Gut, trUdc day t h i f d n g b i cam s\i dung cac m o n

b e n h G i i t g i a i doan d a u v a p h o n g ngtfa b e n h

che bien tiif cac loai do. T u y n h i e n , cac k e t qua

tai phat.

phan t i c h t h a n h p h a n thiic a n gan day cho thay,

6. Chdo

Ngoai viec svf d u n g cac " M o n Sn - B a i thuoc" t r e n , con c a n h a n che cac m o n fin chijta n h i e u

dieu c a m doan t r e n k h o n g c6 cd sd, v i d6 k h o n g p h a i l a loai thiic an c6 h a m l i i d n g p u r i n e cao.

p u r i n e . C a n cijt vao h a m lUdng p u r i n e , m o t so'

NhQng n g i i d i b i benh G u t , c a n t r a n h a n cac

n h a d i n h difSng da xep loai thtjfc a n theo cac

thiic a n cap 1 v a cap 2 d t r e n . C h i n e n sijf d u n g

"cap" n h i i sau:

cac t h i i c a n cap 3 v a cap 4. Cac m o n n o i t a n g

Cap 1: R a t n h i e u p u r i n e (150-l.OOOmg p u r i n e t r o n g lOOg t h i i c an). V i d u : T i m , t u y , t n i n g ca t r i c h , nii6c t h i t c6 dac, t h i t lic, ca xac-din... Cap 2: N h i e u p u r i n e (75-150mg p u r i n e t r o n g lOOg): G a n , t h a n , t h i t ng6ng, ga r i i n g , bo cau, d u i de, t h i t be, t h i t n a i , t h i t Idn iJ6p m u o i .

n h i i t i m , gan, t h a n , . . . m o i t u a n c h i n e n dCing 2 Yin, m o i I a n k h o n g q u a 80g; de bo sung

chat

dam CO t h e d u n g t h e m siia v a t h i t m o t so" l o a i gia cim. De t a n g ciidng t h a i t r i i acid u r i c , h a n g ngay c a n uong n h i e u niidc, b i t ) d a m Ividng niidc t i e u b a i t i e t h a n g ngay t t f 2 l i t trci l e n .

j ,j

Cap 3: H a m l i i d n g p u r i n e t r u n g b i n h (nhieu n h a t 7 5 m g p u r i n e t r o n g lOOg): 6c, l i f d i , t h i t Idn, t h i t bo, t h i t ga, t h i t v i t , t h i t tho, torn, lac, cac l o a i do.

D U N G THIT THAN LAN C H U A HEN SUYEN

4Jb i o i f q

Cap 4: H a m l i f d n g p u r i n e t h a p , r a t i t hoac k h o n g CO p u r i n e : T r i i n g , sfla, gao, h o t m i , nxldc

+ Hoi: Chdu be nha toi mac benh suyin dd Idu,

ca, dvfdng, t r a , ca phe, nildc qua, s6-c6-la,

chdu gay yen vd an rat kim. Chung toi dd cho chdu

mim

cac l o a i r a u qua (trvL do).

112

su: dung nhieu loai thuoc Tdn du&c, nhung benh it

113

thuyen gidm. Co ngudi mdch Id bat con thdn idn Idm thit cho chdu dn thi benh se dd. Rat mong

"Thudc

vu&n nhd" cho biet: Thit thdn Ian c6 dn duqc

khong,

vd c6 tdc dung gi v&i benh hen

suyen?

+ Dap: "Than l l n " con goi la " r ^ n moi", ten khoa hoc la Mabuya sp., ho Than Van bong (Scincidae). 5 Viet Nam c6 ba loai th&n l&n bong: "Than lan bong hoa" (Mabuya rrmltifasciata), "Than lan bong duoi dai" (Mabuya longicaudata) va " T h i n lan bong Sapa" (Mabuya chapaense). "Than lan hoa" va "Than lan bong duoi dai" thifdng gap d mien dong bang va trung du. "Than lan bong Sapa" hay gap mien trung du va d Sapa (tinh Lao Cai).

s6ng b trong nha la "thach sung". Trong k h i do, ^ mot so tinh mien Nam lai goi con " t h i n l l n " ni6 ta tren la con " r l n moi", con con "thach sung" song trong nha la con " t h i n l l n " . V i vay c i n chu y de tranh nham l l n . Theo sach "NhiJtng cay thuoc va vi thuoc VN" cua GS. D6 Tat Ldi: Ve thanh phan hoa hoc, chi mcii biet trong t h i n l l n c6 protit an d U d c . Con c6 chat gi chQa benh dac biet khac chifa ro. Thit t h i n l l n c6 the an diidc. Viec dung t h i n l l n chiJa hen suyen la mot kinh nghiem dan gian: Tai nhieu vung ngvfdi ta thifdng b i t t h i n l l n , lam thit cho nhOng tre em bi hen suyin, gay ye'u an. Moi ngay an mia hay mot con, tuy theo tuoi.

Con than l l n c6 h i n h dang giong con ca c6c, nhang than chac, co ro rang, duoi h i n h t r u thon dai. Chi dai va khoe, dau goi cua chi sau khong hif6ng ve phia trifdc. Chi trUdc va chi sau deu c6 5 ngon. V6 da than lan c6 vay siing, dau c6 nhieu ta'm vay 16n doi xiing, ghep sat nhau va than CO vay nho tron xep len nhau nhvi vay ca. Ngon CO vuot phat trien. Tuyen da chinh thiic thieu, khien cho da than lan ra't kho. Nhd mang phoi dac biet, than lan c6 the sinh song hoan toan cl tren can.

dau nhirc xuong, khong biet c6 dung

Liiu y: NgUdi b mien B a c con goi con " t h i n l l n " mo ta tren day la " r l n moi" va goi con vat khac - nhin giong t h i n l l n - nhifng nho hdn -

+ Dap: 1. Cung mot loai cay hay mot loai ^ong vat, cl cac dia phiidng doi k h i c6 nhQng

114

Lirong y H u D a n

B O C A P O A T , N C O T A Y , TIA T O + Hoi:

De nghi "Thuoc

vuan nhd" gidi dap giup:

1. Co the ddng bp cap ddt ngdm ruau, de xoa chita dau nhdc, gay xuang hay khong?

2. Co

bop ngudi

ndi, an ngd tdy (loai Id rdng cua) vd tia to se gay nen khong?

115

each goi t e n khac n h a u , n e n n h i e u k h i r a t kho

Ten k h o a hoc la E r y n g i u m f o e t i d u m L . Ngoai

xac d i n h . B a n k h o n g mo t a con "bo cap d a t " c6

tac d u n g d u n g l a m r a u an, "ngo t a y " con difdc

h i n h d a n g cu t h e r a sao, nen c h u n g t o i r a t kho

d u n g l a m thuoc - chiia day h d i , a n uohg k e m

t r a Idi. "Bo cap c h i n h t h o n g " - difdc mo t a t r o n g

tieu, cam mao, sot. Ngay u o h g 10-16g diidi d a n g

sach thuoc D o n g y, l a loai bo cap c6 dot, t h i f d n g

thuoc h a m , chia l a m n h i e u I a n u o h g t r o n g ngay.

song ci dxidi n h f l n g h o n da hoac khe vach; d a u va

Bcfn

thuoc

chi/a cam

mao,

an uohg

khong

ngiic n g i n , b u n g d a i h d n , p h i a d i i d i b u n g t h o t

tieu: D u n g m u i t a u k h o lOg, cam thao n a m 6g,

l a i va d a i r a , cuoi c u n g c6 ngoi m a n g noc

doc;

nxidc 3 0 0 m l , d u n soi. GiiJ soi t r o n g 15 p h u t .

Karsch.

Chia 3 I a n uohg t r o n g ngay. U o n g luc nong. â&#x20AC;¢n.c,:

ten

khoa

hoc

Buthus

martensi

N h i i n g t r e n thiJc te, ci nUdc t a , T r u n g Quoc va mot so niidc khac, n g i i d i t a t h i i d n g sii d u n g n h i e u l o a i bo cap khac n h a u de l a m thuoc.

Ta't ca cac bo p h a n cua cay t i a to deu l a nhutng v i thuoc, da diidc s i i d u n g t r o n g D o n g y ta r a t l a u ddi. La tia to (tvL to diep, to diep) l a

T a y y t h i f d n g d u n g noc doc cua bo cap de che

loai thuoc " t a n on g i a i b i e u " - d u n g c h i i a cam

r a cac loai thuoc boi, thuoc xoa bop chohg dau

l a n h . N g o a i tac d u n g g i a i cam, to diep con dvfdc

v a l a m d i u t h a n k i n h . Ngoai k h a i thac bo cap

d u n g de chufa cac c h i i n g day b u n g , n o n m i i a ,

song hoang da, ngvfdi t a con n u o i bo cap de lay

ho, g i a i doc t o m cua, g i a i doc m a t ca. Cdnh

noc; noc bo cap con dat h d n noc rin. T r o n g Dong

to (to n g a n h ) c6 v i cay ngot, t i n h h d i a m , c6 tac

y, Bo cap thUdng diidc svf d u n g de u o n g t r o n g , n h i i n g p h a i che b i e n d u n g p h i f d n g p h a p , neu k h o n g r a t d l b i ngo doc. Theo c h u n g t o i n g h i , c6 the SLf d u n g con Bo cap dat de n g a m r i i d u xoa bop, chvia cac c h i i n g d a u nhvjfc do phong te t h a p hoac do c h a n thuldng. N h i i n g v i Bo cap c6 doc, n e n ngay ca k h i d u n g ngoai, c u n g can t r a n h boi l e n n h f l n g ch6 da d a n g h i say sat.

tia

d u n g a n t h a i , l a m m a n h da day, chohg n o n m i i a , g i a i u a t va g i a m d a u . Nu tia to (t\i to bao) CO tac d u n g l a m r a mo h o i de g i a i cam khong

gay

ton thifdng nguyen

k h i , thifdng

d i i n g c h i i a p h u nQ d a n g m a n g t h a i hoac sau k h i de cd t h e suy n h i i d c b i cam l a n h , chQa m o t so' cac t r i i d n g hdp x u a t h u y e t . Hat tia to (to tii) CO v i cay, t i n h a m , c6 tac d u n g g i a n g k h i b i n h

2. L o a i "ngo t a y " , l a c6 r a n g ciia m a b a n h o i , 6

s u y i n , trvT ddm, n h u a n t r a n g ; d t i n g t r o n g cac

ngoai Bac thufcing goi l a cay " m u i t a u " , con goi la

t r i i d n g hdp co h o n g b i n g h e n tac, k h o t h d , ho

" r a u m u i can", "ngo tay", "ngo t a u " , "mCii t a u " .

suyen, ngiic day tijfc...

116

eg 6.) ,uk.a n a m

.imduy. 117

N h i i v a y c6 t h e t h a y , n o i r&ng a n ngo t a y h o a c t i a to se b i d a u nhtjfc x i i d n g l a k h o n g c6 c a n Tren

cvL.

thilc

te, c h i i n g

toi c u n g c h i i a

gap

|5'oan cay c6 chat n h u a m u t r i u g , k h i k h o giohg lihif chS^t cao su. I

Theo D o n g y, v6 cay si3a c6 v i d i n g , t i n h

tr\icJng hdp n a o b i d a u x U d n g do a n ngo t a y h o a c

l a n h . Co tac d u n g t h a n h n h i e t g i a i doc,

tieu

t i a to.

t h d n g chi thong, b i n h s u y i n chi khai,

triet

ngifdc (chohg sot r e t ) , p h a t h a n , k i e n v i . ThUdng d u n g l a m thuoc bo - chGa t h i e u m a u , chCta k i n h nguyet k h o n g deu, sot r e t cap v a m a n t i n h , d a u

CAY SUA

b u n g i a chay, k i e t l i , v i e m k h 6 p c6 nong do s U n g dau, b e n h lei n g i i a ngoai da.

+ Hoi:

d' que toi, mot so ngudi hay dung v6 cua

mot lodi cay - thu&ng gpi Id "cay sua" dem ngdm ruffu de chica kiet li vd tieu chdy. Toi khong Met hp Idm nhu vay c6 dung khong? Rat mong "Thuoc vu&n nhd" cho toi biet them vetdc dung cua thUcdy ndy. + Dap: Cay siJa moc hoang va dUdc t r o n g k h d p n d i , hay t r o n g doc h a i ben dUdng pho' de l a y bong m a t . Cay con c6 t e n la "mong

cua",

" m u a cua", "mo cua", t e n k h o a hoc l a A l s t o n i a scholaris (L.) R. B r , ho T r u e dao.

C) A n Do, dtmg vo l a m thuoc bo dSng, chiia sot ret, i a chay, l i , r&n cfin. O T h a i L a n , d u n g v6 cay chQa l i , chuta cam va v i e m phe quan. 6 T r u n g Quo'c, v6 va l a d u n g t r i ho g^, v i e m k h i q u a n m a n t i n h , s u y i n k h a n , sot r e t , cam mao p h a t sot, sUng a m i d a n , v i e m gan cap t i n h , phong t h a p , don nga, gay xUdng, m u n n h o t s U n g do.

Lieu

diing:

N g a y uo'ng l - 3 g hot v6 phdi k h o ,

hoac sdc uong, h a y n g a m rUdu uong. RiCiUi. v6 cay sHa: Vo cay sQa (cao bo p h a n x u

Cay siJa la mot l o a i cay to, cao k h o a n g 15-

x i ben ngoai, phdi k h o , t a n nho) 75-lOOg, rUdu

2 0 m , v6 n i l t n e m a u x a m . C a n h moc vong, la

uong (35-40Â°) 5 0 0 m l , day k y , n g a m t r o n g 7-15

Cling moc vong - t a p t r u n g 5-8 cai ci d a u canh.

ngay, t h i n h t h o a n g l i e b i n h . Sau do, loc

P h i e n l a day, h i n h b a u due, m a t t r e n bong, m a t

t h e m rUdu vao cho d u 5 0 0 m l . N g a y uong 2 l a n ,

d u 6 i md. Hoa nho, m a u t r S n g luc, moc t h a n h

15 p h u t , trU6c h a i buta a n c h i n h , m o i l a n 15-

x i m - nci tvi t h a n g 8-12, c6 m i i i t h d m hac - n h a t

2 0 m l . Co tac d u n g bo m a u , bo t y v i - k i c h t h i c h

l a ve dem. Q u a gom 2 d a i d a i va hep, moc t h o n g

t i e u hoa, g i i i p 5 n ngon m i e n g ; chiia t i e u chay,

xuohg, m a u n a u , c6 gan doc, chiia n h i e u h a t .

kiet ly.

118

119

R i NCO DONG CHUA DAL COT SONG + Hoi: nam,

Toi dd 56 tuoi, bi gai doi cot song dd 7

thu&ng xuyen bi e mong vd te chdn trdi; dd

chaa nhieu noi, uo'ng nhieu thuo'c, ke cd chdm curu nhttng khong khoi hdn. Nay toi duac mot sochu vu&n cay cdnh mdch diing cu cay "ngd dong" - ten gpi cua mien Bdc, mien Nam gpi Id cay "sen can"; thdi Idt mong, phoi kho, sao vdng, ha tho, dun nu&c dac uo'ng se khoi benh. Toi chua ddm si dung vd muo'n "Thuo'c vu&n nhd" cho Met: Cay ngd dong cd chua duac benh gai cot song khong? Ne'u khong chiia duac thi CO the dung thuo'c gi khdc? + Dap: Trxidc het, x i n c6 m o t de n g h i chung v6i ong v a cac b a n doc khac. Muo'n h o i ve tac d u n g cua mot cay (hoac m o t con v a t ) nao do, can mo t a t h e m m o t so' c h i t i e t , n h i f cay t h a n go h a y t h a n thao, canh, l a , hoa... n h u t h e nao. C h i n o i

/^leurites m o n t a n a (Lour.) W i l s . , ho T h a u d a u (Euphorbiaceae). Con cay "sen can", cung theo sach t r e n : L a mot loai cay leo, song h a n g n a m . L a moc so le, c6 cuong dai, phien l a t r o n , g a n l a toa tron... H o a nioc r i e n g le ci ke la. Q u a cau tao hdi 3 m a n h v6 c6 t h a n h day xo'p, k h i c h i n se tach r d i k h o i t r u e . Hat khong n o i n h i i , hoa nci vao m u a h a . Cay c6 ten khoa hoc l a Tropaeolum majus L . H a t tit l a u difdc d u n g de chi3a v i e m bang quang va v i e m phe quan. Cay nay, chkc cung k h o n g p h a i l a cay "sen can" theo each goi d dia p h i l d n g ong. Cay "ngo dong" h a y "sen c a n " m a o n g q u a n tam,

theo c h i i n g t o i n g h i , do l a "cay ngo dong

T r u n g Quoc" - x i n t a m goi nhif v a y de k h o i l ^ n v6i 2 cay n o i ci t r e n . T e n khoa hoc l a F i r m i a n a simplex (L.) W . F . W i g h t . T a i T r u n g Quo'c, cay ngo dong hay diidc t r o n g ci v e n d i i d n g pho, t r o n g san h a y v i f d n n h a de l a m canh v a l a y bong m a t . Cay cung t h u d n g diidc t r o n g l a m canh n h i e u n d i

ten k h o n g t h i r a t k h o t r a I d i , v i t e n dia p h u d n g

ci nif6c t a . Do l a cay t h a n go, cao t d i 15-16m,

m o i n d i m o i khac - m o t cay c6 t h e c6 n h i e u t e n

t h a n n h a n c6 m a u x a n h luc, l a moc so le,...

hoSc n h i e u cay khac n h a u l a i c6 cung m o t t e n . Thi

d u , "cay ngo dong" d m i e n BSc, con dvfdc

d u n g n h i i m o t " d i d a n h " (ten goi khac) cua "cay t r a u " . C u the, theo sach "NhUng cay thuoc vd vi thuoc Viet Nam" cua GS. D 6 T a t L d i : Cay t r a u

Tat ca cac bo p h a n cua h a i ngo dong n a y - r i , la, hat, v6 t h a n - d e u c6 t h e sijt d u n g l a m thuoc. ^ day c h i n o i ve tac d u n g cua r e . Theo sach " T r u n g diidc d a i tijf dien", re cay ngo dong (ngo ^ong can) - m a t r o n g t h U ong goi l a "cu" c6 v i

con CO t e n goi l a "cay d a u sdn", "ngo dong", "moc

"^hat, t i n h b i n h . Co tac d u n g trijf phong t h a p ,

hoa h u y e t mach, t h o n g k i n h lac. C h u t r i p h o n g

120

t h u " , " t h i e n n i e n dong",... T e n khoa hoc

121

te t h a p , k h 6 p x i i d n g d a u nhtic, t r a n g phong hn

(1) T6i da mua duqc mai con rda that, nhung

h u y e t (viem m o t k e m d a i t i e n x u a t h u y e t ) , k i n h

khong biet do c6 phdi Id vi thuoc "mai rda" trong

nguyet b a t d i e u , diet da t o n t h i i d n g (don, nga

Bdi thuoc 1 hay khong? Vd phdi che bien nhu the

chan t h i i d n g ) .

fido khi SVC dung?

B e n h " g a i cot song" t r o n g T a y y c6 nhQng chijtng t r a n g tifcfng t U n h i i c h i i n g b e n h "yeu t h o n g " t r o n g D o n g y v a c6 t h e svi d u n g r e ngo dong de chiJa. N h i l vay, neu cay ong h o i d u n g la "cay ngo dong T r u n g Quoc", t h i k i n h n g h i e m ma n h i i n g c h u vxlbn canh da mach bao, l a c6 can cii, CO t h e ap d u n g thijt. De t h a m khao, x i n gi6i t h i e u each svL d u n g re ngo dong de chQa d a u nhiic do phong t h a p 6 T r u n g Quoc: DCing re ngo dong tUdi 30-60g (hoac 10-30g kho), n a u v6i nt(a r i f d u niia nufdc t r o n g 1 gid, chat l a y niidc, chia r a uohg trong ngay. N e u t h e m 1 cai chan gio Idn, cung s^c uohg, tac d u n g cang t o t (theo sach "Phuc

Kien

dan gian thdo diCdc").

(2) Toi c6 mua dau vitng vd xin hoi c6 phdi Id tinh dau vitng khong? Hodng lien c6 phdi nghien nhd roi trpn v&i dau vitng khong? Ngdm bao nhieu Idu thi ddng duac. + Dap:

De t i e n theo d o i , x i n nhSc l a i 2 b a i

thuoc chiJa viem mUi man tinh, dang dm hiC, da gi6i t h i e u t r o n g "Thuoc

vUdn nhd", Tri Thitc Tre

so 145: - Bdi 1: D u n g m a i r u a 15g, t h u c d i a 9g, v6 quyt 6g, m a t ong t u y t h i c h . D e m 3 v i d a u s i c ky, chat l a y n\l6c, p h a t h e m c h u t m a t ong vao uong. M o i ngay 1 t h a n g , l i e n t u c t r o n g 7-10 ngay ( 1 l i e u t r i n h ) . - Bdi 2: D a u v t f n g 30g, h o a n g l i e n 3g. D e m hoang l i e n n g a m t r o n g d a u vtfng, sau 1 t u a n c6 the d u n g d a u do de nho m u i ; M 6 i ngay nho 3-5

MAI RUA CHUA VIEM MUl MAN TINH

Ian, m 6 i I a n v a i giot; l i e n tuc cho d e n k h i k h o i . 1. TrU6c h e t x i n n o i t h e m ve v i thuoc "quy

+ Hoi: T6i doc chuyen muc "Thuoc vu&n nhd"

ban" (con goi l a " q u y giap", " h u y e n v i i giap").

tren Tri Thitc Tre so 145, biet minh bi viem mdi man <

T r o n g cac sach thuoc D o n g y co, " q u y b a n " c h i

tinh dang dm hu vd muon dung thi 2 bdi thuoc md

dudc che b i e n tii p h a n v6 cijtng ci trifdc b u n g con

chuyen muc da gidi thieu. Nhung co 2 van de muon

r u a (yem r u a ) . T r o n g p h a n 16n cac t a i l i e u ve

duoc hoi them:

diidc l i e u hang t i e n g V i e t v a t i e n g T r u n g Quoc

122

123

cung n6i nh\i vay. Ngiidi xiJa chi stf dung phan Cling d trildc bung con rua (yem rua) lam v i thuoc "quy ban" c6 le la can cCf vao thuyet am diJdng. Theo do, cac bo phan cd the con ngUdi (va dong vat) difdc phan loai theo am diidng nhu sau: Phan ngoai thuoc diidng phan trong thuoc am; Dau thuoc diidng, chan thuoc am. Liing thuoc dUdng, bung thuoc am,... Lai theo nguyen tac "dong k h i tiidng cau" (cung tinh chat t h i giup ich cho nhau): "Quy ban" la thuoc bo am, nen phai che tix phan am cua con vat, tijtc tii phan v6 ciing ci triidc bung (yem rua). Theo "Trung ditac dai tit dien" (Thvfdng Hai K H K T XBX 1995): Thdi tnl6c, v i thuoc "quy ban" ban tren t h i trifdng chi difdc che tvi "yem rua", nhving nhiJng nam gan day bSt dau diidc che tvf toan bo phan v6 cijtng bao hoc ben ngoai than con riia. Do thanh phan hoa hoc cua toan bo phan v6 hoc ngoai con rCia giohg nhau. Theo â&#x20AC;˘â&#x20AC;˘Tii dien tieng Viet" (Nha xu^'t ban K H X H 1988), mai = tarn ciing bao ve cd the cf mot so loai dong vat. V i vay, trong Bai thuoc 1, chiing toi khong viet "quy ban" (hay "yem riia"), ma viet la "mai rua". N h a vay, mai riia chi da mua, diing la vi thuoc "mai rCia" trong Bai thuoc 1. Tuy theo muc dich chiia benh, mai riia diidc che bien theo nhieu each. V6i triidng hdp benh viem miii, chi

124

cin rang chin b i n g cat nong. Lay mot lifdng cat ach thich hdp (nhieu i t tuy theo lUdng mai * a), cho vao chao rang nong, sau do cho mai rua vao sao den k h i mai rua chin vang t h i m , do ra, sang bo cat, chcJ mai rua nguoi t h i cat vao h6p 16n, de dung ddn. " " 2. Dau vtfng noi trong Bai thuoc 2 la thijf dau chiing ta vSn s\i dung de che bien thiic an hang iigayj ^ mien Nam thiidng goi la "dau me", c6 t h ^ mua ci h ^ u het cac ciia hang thiic pham. >"Dlu viing" khong phai la "tinh dau viing". Hoang lien khong nen nghien nho roi tron vdi tiu viing. V i nhif vay k h i nho miii, nhutng hat hoang lien nho Ian trong dau, se bam vao niem mac miii, gay kich thich kho chiu. Chi can dem , hoang lien thai nho, ngam trong dau vvfng khoang 7 ngay, de boat chat ciia hoang lien hoa tan vao dau viing, sau do chit lay dau, va nho miii nhiJ da hiidng dan.

THU'SAM TROINC OUOC KHAP NCll, TRONG Vl/dN NHA + Hoi: Hoi let, mot dong dpi cu c6 den thdm vd cho toi mot chdu cay goi Id "cay sdm thdo". Ong ban ndi rdng: dd Id mot lodi "sdm cua ngudi ngheo": Vita c6 the ddng lam rau an, vita cd the ddng Idm thuoc 125

bo thay nhdn sdm, md rdt di trong. Hien nay chdu cdy dd ra rdt nhieu cdnh vd Id, a ddu cdnh bat ddu c6 nhitng chum hoa mdu tim nhqt... T6i rdt muon dung thi, nhung chua ro ve tdc dung cua no ra sao. Vi vdy rdt mong "Thuoc vu&n nhd" cho Met ro ve nhUng tdc dung cua cdy "sdm thdo" nay.

(•auU. Cay moc r a t khoe, sau 2-3 t h a n g da c6

+ Dap: Cay sam ma ong h o i t h i f d n g goi la

C u tho n h a n sam, theo D o n g y, c6 v i ngot,

th6 h a i ngon va l a l a m r a u Sn, sau m o t n a m c6 the t h u cu, n e u de l a u n a m cu se to h d n . L a v a canh n o n d u n g de n a u v d i t h i t , t o m . . . n h u n a u canh r a u , v i t h d m m a t de c h i u , gan gio'ng r a u xci6n\i t d i .

"tho n h a n sam", con c6 t e n l a "sam thao", "tho

tfnh binh, khong

cao l y sam", " n g i i a sam", "tho h o n g sam", " t h u y

nhuAn phe, c h i k h a i (chong ho), dieu k i n h .

nhan

sam",...

crassifolium

Ten Willd.

khoa Thuoc

hoc ho

Talinul

rau

(Portulaceaceae). O T r u n g Quoc, t a i cao n h i f T r i e t Giang, G i a n g To, A n H u y ,

Co tac d u n g k i e n t y ,

dung l a m thuoc bo sau k h i om nang, chQa ho

sam

lHu ngay, sot cdn, n h i e u mo h o i , p h u niJ k i n h

tinh

nguyet k h o n g deu, k h i h i i bach ddi.

Quang

Tay, Q u a n g Dong, Txi. Xuyen... n g i i d i ta t h i i d n g t r o n g cay n a y de l a m canh va st( d u n g t h a y cho sam cao l y , n e n m d i c6 t e n l a "tho cao l y sam". "Tho n h a n sam" l a loai cay song dai, t h a n m a u x a n h , moc t h i n g , cao 20-60cm, chia n h i e u n h a n h . L a moc

doc.

so le, h i n h t r i i n g ngiidc hoac

h i n h t h i a , p h i e n la day, h d i m ^ m , h a i m a t deu bong, cuong r a t n g ^ n . Vao m u a h a ci dau c a n h x u a t h i e n c u m hoa h i n h c h u m , v6i n h i e u hoa nho, c a n h hoa t i m do

Mot sdbdi thuoc c6 dung tho nhdn - Bo khi huyet:

sdm:

D u n g tho n h a n sam 40-80g,

sic midc uohg t r o n g ngay. HoSc d u n g t h o n h a n sam 20g, y d i 12g, h o a i sdn (sao) 2g, l i e n n h u c 12g, bach t r u a t (sao) lOg, diidng quy lOg, t h u c dia 12g, dai tao 8g, m a c h m o n (sao) lOg, ngiJu tat og, tao n h a n (sao den) 6g, s&c n\i6c u o h g trong ngay. Co tac d u n g chiJa k h i h u y e t deu htf (suy yeu), ngifcii x a n h gay, thci yeu, h o i hop, i t ngu, k e m a n , met m o i . - ChUa met

moi duoi

si2c:

Dung

tho nhan

n h a t , b a u hoa h i n h cau. Qua nho, k h i c h i n c6

sam 15-30g, ca m\ic 1 con, t h e m nxidc va riJdu

m a u x a m t r o , h a t r a t nho, den n h a n h h d i det,

ham c h i n a n t r o n g ngay.

tren mat hdi noi van. T h o n h a n sam c6 t h e t r o n g t r o n g v i f d n hoac n g a y t r o n g c h a u c a n h - b&ng h a t , m a u re hoac 126

- ChQa la chdy do chi2c ndng ^ ^ n g tho n h a n sam

tieu hod

15-30g, d a i tao 15g,

yeu: sic

^^«6c uong t h a y t r a t r o n g ngay. 127

- ChQa ho Idu ngay, ho do lao phoi, ham

hap

j i h i e u n g u y e n n h a n k h a c n h a u gay nen; M o i r o i

D u n g tho n h a n sam, ha t h u {,

loan hoac m a t can b a n g cua cd the (bao gom ca

t r i n g , t h o n g thao, m 6 i v i 15-20g, h ^ m v 6 i ga

stf suy yeu cua t h a n k i n h ) deu c6 the d i n t 6 i

l a m m o n a n bo diidng.

uia't n g u . V i wky, de chiJa t r i c h i i n g b e n h

sot

ve chiiu:

- ChQa dao

hdn

vd tiX hdn:

D u n g t h o nhan

sam 60g, da day Idn 1 cai, h a m c h i n Sn. "Dao h a n " la c h i i n g r a mo h o i k h i n g u (mo h o i t r o m ) "TU h a n " la mo h o i r a n h i e u k h i thtic. - Chita da nieu (tieu tien qua

nhieu):

Dunp

tho n h a n sam 30-50g, re cay k i m a n h 20g,

sac

mat

jigu, D o n g y.hoc t h i i d n g svL d u n g b i e n p h a p t o n g the - Chuta m a t n g u t r e n cd sci d i e u c h i n h l a i hoat dong cua t a n g p h u va l i p l a i can b a n g a m diidng cua t o a n bo cd the. De

d u n g cac v i thuoc N a m m o t each c6

hieu qua, can can c i i vao n h i i n g bieu h i e n c u t h e cua b a n t h a n ( t r i e u chiing) de xac d i n h d u n g

nildc uong t r o n g ngay.

loai h i n h benh, t r e n cd sci do ap d u n g phep chCta va b a i thuoic t h i c h hdp. Dudi day Id mot soloqi hinh mdi ngu thit&ng gap:

THUOC NAM CHUA MAT NGU

Tdmtyluanghit + Hoi: Toi nam nay 29 tudi. Cdch day may nam, toi

- Bieu

hien:

, ,

D a y l a loai h i n h thifcJng

gSp

bat ddu mac chitng kho ngu, khi ngu day cof bap <>

nhat. N g u y e n n h a n do l a m viec qua m e t nhoc

chdn tay rat moi. Toi dd di khdm vd duqc ket ludn hi

hoac lo buon, suy n g h i qua cang t h i n g , k h i e n

than kinh suy nhuffc. Xin cho Met do co phdi Id than

cho t a n g t a m va t a n g t y b i hif t o n m a s i n h r a

kinh suy nhUffc hay khong? Mong "Thud'c vucn nha"

mat n g u . B i e u h i e n ( t r i e u chiing): Ma't n g u hoac

mdch cho phuffng phdp ndo chiia hieu qua nhdi.

kho n g u , hay n g u me, d l t i n h gia'c, k e m theo

+ Dap: Quan niem cua Tay y va D o n g y vc chiing benh mat ngu (hoSc kho ngu) khong hoan toan giohg nhau. T a y y thifdng coi mat ngu la mot bieu hien cua trang thai benh ly than k i n h suy nhUdc. Con Dong y thi quan niem

ring,

chiing mat ngu c6 rat nhieu hinh trang va do

n h i i n g bieu h i e n k h a c n h i i s i c m a t k h o n g t i i d i hoac den sam, t i n h t h a n ue oai, hay quen, h o i hop, t i m dap don l o a n n h i p tiifng cdn, an u o n g k h o n g ngon m i e n g , n g i f d i met m o i , cd bap d a u nhiic, chat l i i 3 i n h d t , mach nho yeu (te nhiidc). - Phep chvla: Bo d i i 3 n g t a m t y

.i- M 129

B a tvL n h a n (hat trkc bach diep,

I ^ a t n g u hoac k h o n g u , k e m theo cac chiJtng

sao vang) 6g, h o a i sdn (cu m a i , sao vang) 12g,

t r a n g n h i i d i hoang m a n g , h a y n g u me, de t i n h

h a t sen (de ca t i m , sao vang) 12g, l o n g n h a n 8g,

giac, d a u n a n g , mSt hoa, v u n g t h i i d n g v i kho

la d a u n o n lOg, l a v o n g lOg, tao n h a n (sao den)

c h i u , d a u tiic h a i ben sifdn, m i e n g d i n g , r e u Ixiai

6g, skc ml6c u o h g t r o n g ngay.

v a n g n h d n , mach hoat sac ( t r d n , n h a n h ) .

- Bai thuoc:

Am hit hod vitgrng

- Phep chua: T h a n h n h i e t hoa d a m .

Bieu hien: N g u y e n n h a n do T h a n a m hiJ t o n

- Bai thuoc: H a t sen (de ca t i m ) 20g, tao n h a n

( p h i n a m cua t a n g t h a n b i suy yeu), t a m hoa

(sao den) 8g, t r a n b i (v6 q u i t de l a u ngay) 8g,

qua t h i n h ( p h a n d i i d n g - hoa cua t a n g t a m qua

h i i d n g p h u (cu gau) 12g, la bac tvi (hat cu cai) 8g,

m a n h ) , k h i e n cho a m difdng t r o n g cd t h e b i m a t

chi tvL (danh danh) lOg, h a n l i e n thao (c6 nho

can b a n g m a dkn tdi m a t n g u . B i e u h i e n : kho

noi) lOg, cam thao 6g. Sac nif6c u o h g t r o n g ngay.

n g u , h a y n g u me, k e m theo cac chiitng t r a n g n h u buon biic, d l cau g i a n , sd set v6 c6, d a u nang, chong m a t hoa m & t , t a i u , l i f n g go'i d a u moi, long b a n c h a n b a n t a y nong, m i e n g k h o k h a t , chat \\idi do, m a c h nho n h a n h (te sac). - Phep chQa: Tv( a m g i a n g hoa. - Bai thuoc:

D a u den 20g, vvifng den 20g, la

v o n g b a n h te 12g, l a d a u n o n 12g, lac t i e n (day v a la) 12g, t h a o quyet m i n h (hat m u o n g , sao chay den), skc n\i6c u o n g m o i ngay 1 t h a n g . Khi tre dam tick • Bieu

hien: N g u y e n n h a n do chiic nSng cua

t y v i (chiic nSng t i e u hoa) b i suy y e u , cac chat cSn ba \i dong l a i (dam tich) ben t r o n g cd the l a u ngay hoa t h a n h hoa, gay n h i l u dong t h a n h k h i e u (giac quan) m a gay nen ma't ngu. B i e u hien: 130

HOA CAY cue AO CHUA DAU RANG 5 . , :

•:.;••"•,;;<•;,;,;

;.3*,-;V

i.y>'^ii-

+ H o l : Co mot Idn tdi bi dau rang rat kho s&, mot 6ng ban gid da mang cho mot thut ntau thuoc, noi Id che tit cdy cue do: Chi can ngdm mot Idc Id se hit dau. Tdi ddng thii, kit qua rat tot. Vi vdy tdi rat muon duffc "Thuoc vu&n nhd" cho bii't, cdy cue do thu&ng mqc a ddu, ngodi tdc dung chita dau rang eon c6 nhitng tdc dung chita binh gi khdc? + Dap: Cay ciic ao moc hoang ci khSp n d i , thvfdng hay gap n h a t ci nhQng n d i d^it ^ m nhif bd ao, bd mifdng, bd ruong... Cay con c6 t e n la "c6 the", "cay hoa cue ao", "ngo ao", "ciic ao hoa 131

vang", "nu ao Idn", "nut ao" (mien Nam), "phac chat" (dan toe Thai), "thien vSn thao", "tan huyet thao", "hoang hoa thao", "qua hai long"... Ten khoa hoe la Spilanthes aemella L., thuoc ho Cue. Cay eiie ao la mot loai eay nho, eao chiing 4070em. La hinh t n i n g thon dai, mep eo rSng eUa to hay hoi lUdn song, phien la dai khoang 37cm, rong l-3em. Cum hoa hinh dau, moc ci dau canh, h i n h non, mau vang, dai 10-15mm. Qua be mau nau, det, mep c6 gd, dai 2-8mm. Toan cay c6 v i cay te - eay moc hoang eay te hdn eay trong trong vUdn. Dae biet hoa t i i c6 v i rat cay, te nong, gay chay nUde dai rKt nhieu. ThUdng ngUdi ta diing hoa t i i hai vao mCia he va mCia t h u . Co ndi dung toan eay. Dung tiidi hay phdi kho. Theo Dong y, cue ao eo v i cay, ding, t i n h hdi am. Co tae dung thanh nhiet Idi thap, ehi khai dinh s u y i n (eho'ng ho, suydn), tieu thdng, chi thong (giam dau). Dung chuEa cam sot, viem phe quan man tinh, hen suyen, ho ga, viem ruot, kiet ly, don nga ehan thUdng, khdp xUdng dau nhiie do phong thap, dau bung, dau rang, mun nhot sUng dau. Trong dan gian, thiidng hay dung nha't la hai hoa dem gia nho, ngam rUdu, de ng^m k h i bi nhiic rang, sau rang - c6 tae dung giam dau rat tot, CO ngvfdi eon dung loai nfdu nay thay thuoc 132

tg de nho rSng. Co ndi con dung la gia dSp tren mi mat bi sUng dau. Ngoai ra, nUde 6p eua la hay nU6c sSc eua la eo the dung dSp len cac vet thifdng, vet loet. Mot so' dia phiidng con diing la cue ao lam rau an va eho rSng c6 tac dung chfla bยงnh scobut (chay mau chan rSng). Cay cue ao eon dUde diing lam thuoc d nhieu niidc khae. V i du, ci Malaixia ngUdi ta sic la eua cay nay tam vao khan d i p len dau, chCta benh nhiic dau; t a i A n Do ngUdi ta dCing cay nay chuta nhiic dau, cac benh ci eo hong va rang Idi; ci Philipin, ngiJdi ta dung re lam thuoc tay vdi lieu 4 den 8g, sic v6i mot ehen nUdc. Nvfdc sic la con dung de r^a nhiing ndi Id ghe, m^n ngiia. Ciing tai Philipin, ngUdi ta con dung cay cue ao uohg trong de lam thuoc thong tieu ti$n va eo kha nang tieu dUdc soi than. Mot sodffn thud'c c6 diing cay cue do: - ChQa hoc xUdng gd, xiCOng cd: Hoa hoSe la cay cue ao 50g, la manh cong 50g, la dua ehuot ma 50g, giam thanh 3 thia ca phe (chiing 20ml). Ba t h i i la hai tUdi ve r i a sach, gia nat, them giam thanh vao, tron deu, ddi 20 phut, v i t lay mot ehen eon nUdc. Cho benh nhan uohg mot i t nhUng ehu yeu la ngam. Ngay chi ngam 1 lieu tren. NSng c6 the ngam t d i 3 lieu (kinh nghiem eua cu Ha T h i Oanh, Y hoc thUc hdnh 8-1962: 21). 133

- ChQa cam sot, dau ddu, ho: D^ng cue ao tiidi 4-12g, sic nil6c uong. Co the phoi hdp cung v6i mot so v i thuoc khac nhu bac ha, kinh gi6i, hole hiidng... - ChvCa dau rang, viem hong: Dung hoa cue ao tan nho, ngam rifdu ngam; hokc ngkm hoa hoSc la tiidi, eo the nuot chiit nvr6e. - ChSa te thap: Dung r i cue ao, r l xuyen tieu, r§ k i m eang, r l chanh, qua mang tang, moi thijtc 4-8g, sic nxidc uong trong ngay.

Luang

y HuOan

THUOC NAM CHOA DAU RANG DAI D A N G + Hoi: Rang toi khong bi sdu, nhicng khodng mot nam nay rat hay hi dau. NhUng Idn ddu bi dau, toi di khdm nha khoa, bdc si ke don cho dUng Dorogyne (uong) vd Metrogyl Denta (boi ngoai), benh rat mau khoi. Co dieu, tit may thdng nay, nhOng thiJC thuoc do doi v&i toi khong cdn c6 tdc dung nUa. Do do mong "Thuoc vu&n nhd" tu van cho Met, c6 the chUa tri dau rang bdng Dong y hay khong? + Dap: Dau rang, trong Dong y goi la "nha thong", Theo Dong y, nha thong c6 the do nguyen 134

jjhan ben ngoai (ngoai nhan) ho5c nguygn nhSn n trong cd the (noi nhan) gay nen. Ngoai nhSn, u yeu do cd the suy yeu, siic chong benh suy "am, "phong hoa" (tac nhan gay benh) xam ap vao cd the ma gay nen benh. Con noi nhan, the do " v i nhiet" - tiic nhiet doe Cf dong ci trang ' (dUdng ruot va da day), hoac do "hif hoa - thii oa" do am dich hi h i i ton, khong du sxlc can )h.ng v6i diidng khi, diidng k h i hoa thanh "hoa" k gay nen benh. Do do, tren lam sang, de tien knh bien ehting t h i t r i , nha thong thifdng difdc 'a thanh 3 loai hinh chinh: "Phong hod nha '"•g", "Vi nhiet nha thong" va "Hit hod nha ~ng". Ban c6 the ckn cxL vao nhiing bieu hien cu e (trieu chiing) eua ban than, ma chon dung h6p chiia, bai thuoc tifdng ting nhu sau:

„.

••

Phong hoa nha thong - Trieu chiing: RSng dau kich liet cho dau "khong Sling t i y , r i n g khong lung lay hoSc chi hdi lung lay, c6 the kem theo sot nhe: Reu \\idi trSng mong hoac hdi vang; mach sac (nhanh). Loai hinh nay hay gap trong "viem tuy rSng cap tfnh" ho&c "viem chan rSng cap t i n h " - theo ch^n doan eua Tay y. De ehQa t r i , c6 the s^ dung bai thuoc c6 tac dung trijf phong thanh nhiet du6i day: - Bai thuoc: Dung k i m ngan hoa 12g, lien kieu 8g, true diep (Lk tre hoSe la true) 12g, k i n h 135

gidi 8g, ngvfu hkng tvL 8g, dam dliu x i 8g, cat canh 6g, bac ha 3g, cam thao 3g, 16 cSn 15g; sac nxidc uong thay niidc trong ngay; lien tuc 7-10 ngay. Vi hod nha thd'ng - Trieu chitng: RSng dau kich liet, ch6 rSng dau va viing mieng Ian can svfng tay do, loi miing m u r i nii6c, c6 k h i kho ha mieng, c6 the kem theo so't nhe hokc sot cao, mieng dSng, khat nU6c, tieu tien sen do, dai tien thifdng tao; Reu lii3i t r l n g day hoSc hdi vang, mach sac (nhanh). Loai h i n h nay hay gSp trong "viem chan rSng cap t i n h " , "viem chan r i n g miing m u " theo ch^n doan cua Tay y. De chQa t r i , CO the svL dung bai thuoc c6 tac dung thanh

vi ta hoa dxidi day: - Bdi thuoc: Sinh thach cao 30g, (dap nho, sSc tnidc 30 phut), chi t ^ lOg, cat cSn lOg, hoang lien 6g, sinh dia 12g, dan b i 9g, thang ma 6g; sic n\idc uong trong ngay, lien tuc 10-15 ngay. Hu hod nha thd'ng â&#x20AC;˘ Trieu chUng: Rang hcJi dau, Idi rang khong sUng thung hoSc c6 ngoi, rSng lung lay; kem theo mieng khat nhUng khong thich uong nif6c; lu3i khong reu hoac r e u trSng mong, mach te sac v6 lUc (nhanh nho yeu). Loai hinh nay thUcJng gSp trong benh "nha chu man 136

t i n h " hoSc "viem quanh r&ng man t i n h " theo ch^n doan cua Tay y. De chuta t r i , c6 the siL dung bai thuoc c6 tac dung t\i am giang hoa nhif sau: - Bdi thuoc: Thuc dia 12g, sinh dia 12g, sdn thu du 8g, sdn difdc 8g, trach ta 6g, dan b i 6g, phuc l i n h 8g, v6 mic nac 8g, ngviu t a t 8g; Sic 23 n\idc, tron deu 3 nvfdc, c6 lai con khoang 3 bat, chia ra 3 Ian uong trong ngay vao luc doi bung, lien tuc 10 ngay, nghi 3-4 ngay l a i tiep tuc lieu trinh khac. Day la dang dau rang dai d i n g , c^n kien t r i uong thuoc m6i c6 the khoi hin. Tot nhat, nen d i kham Dong y, de dvfdc hiJ6ng dkn each gia giam v i thuoc cho that phu hdp v6i the tang. .

L^yA

uiijxi

liiiA

uiiHitj-i

Aji.u

j^,.'.; i

V6 CAY THANH THAT LA THUOC BO? + Hoi: Gdn day, khi len Tarn Ddo choi, toi thdy ddn dia phaang hay bdn cho khdch du lich mot thvc vd cay, ggi Id "v6 thanh thai", ndi rdng dd Id loai thuoc giup an ngu ngon vd c6 tdc dung bo mdu rat tot, nhdt Id. ddi vdi phu nit. Toi dd mua vdi cdn, nhitng chua ddm sd dung, vi chita Met ro v6 thanh that c6 tdc dung gi, dung Idu ngay c6 hqi gi khong? ^ong duac "Thuoc vu&n nhd" tu van giup hp.

+ Dap: "Thanh that" l a loai moc hoang dai trong rxing d c a c t i n h V i n h Phiic, Thanh Hoa, Nghe An, Ha Tinh, Khanh Hoa, N i n h Thu^n... Thdi triidc, ngiJdi t a trong thanh that ngay gan Ha Noi, de \Ky l a nhuom den vai satanh. Cay con CO ten l a "cay xuan", "cay but", "cay but", "cang horn", "bong xMdt", "can thon", " x i i xuan", ... ten khoa hoc l a Ailanthus malabanica DC. Thuoc ho Thanh that (Simarubaceae). Thanh that l a mot cay g6 16n, cao tdi 20m. La kep long chim le, kich thifdc 16n, c6 the dai t6i I m , thvTdng t i p trung ci g^n ngon canh, dving d\idi nhin len trong nhxi nhQng tan nho c6 hinh nhvT mang nhen. La chet lech, h d i cong lifdi liem, l a gia triidc k h i rung xuohg c6 mau do tiet. Hoa moc thanh xim ddm, xep thanh chuy ci ke l a , dai 20-25cm. Qua c6 canh dai 7-8cm, rong 18mm, mang mot hat ci giQa; hat tron det. V6 cay thanh that da diidc dung lam thuoc trong dan gian tvL lau. Theo Dong y, v6 thanh that CO v i dang, t i n h a m , m i i i t h d m , khong doc; Co tac dung t r ^ thap nhiet, sat trung, t h u sap Dung chiia dau bung ia chay, sot, cho san phu uo'ng de bo mau, kn ngon c d m ; c6 n d i con ngam rvfdu dung lam thuoc bo. Cdch sitdung

cu the:

- Chiia di li ra mau, dau bung: Dung vo t h a n hoac r e cay thanh that p h d i kho, thai 138

jjjio, tan thanh bot m i n , moi Ian uong 2-4g bot thuoc, chieu bang niidc da dun soi, ngay uohg 3 lan.

. ChQa phu nit khi hit ra nhiiu: Dung bot v6 thanh that va bot hoat thach, hai t h i i lieu liidng bang nhau, tron deu; ngay uohg 10-20g, chia r a 2-3 Ian. N h i i vay, v6 thanh that c6 the svL dung de chiSa t r i mot so' chiing benh va lam thuoc bo. Tuy nhien, tni6c k h i s\i dung, chi van nen den mot phong kham Dong y c6 uy t i n , de difdc cac thay thuoc xem mach va hii6ng dan each dung cu the.

CAY

DirdNC

" THUOC OUY Vl/ClN NHA

+ Hoi: Cdch day khong

lau, tdi duac mot ngudi

quen mdch cho cdch chiia tri sung dau rat hay: DUng id cay du&ng gid ndt, nam ep Iqi nhu cdi bdnh gidy, toi tru&c khi nam ngu dap kin hqu mon, bang

codinh

fat, sdng day ga ra. Tdi dp dung thi, ket qua rat tot: Sang hom sau da thay da dau, khodng 3-4 hom hit sung vd sau khodng

mot tudn thi khoi hdn. Tdi rat

nuon biet, cdy du&ng cdn cd the sA dung de chiia nhUng benh gi khdc? Mong

duac "Thuoc

vu&n nhd"

^hong tin cho biet.

139

I + Dap: Diidng la loai cay moc hoang rKt quy vi v6 cay c6 the dung lam thijfng hay lam giay la CO the dung lam thiic an cho Idn, va tat ca ca. bo phlin cua cay deu c6 the svL dung lam thuoc.

jjho" hoac "diidng leo" (Broussonetia Kazinoki gieb. et Zucc; cung thuoc ho Dau tam). La va re C l i n g difdc dung lam thuoc, nhifng se de cap trong dip khac.

Cay difdng con c6 ten la "ch^ t h u " , "chii da thu", "giac t h u tii", "da difdng mai tijt", "xa' (Tho),... Ten khoa hoc Broussonetia papyrifer.i Vent, thuoc ho Dau tam. Do la loai cay to, c6 th^ cao tdi 16m, v6 than n h i n , mau tro. Than va la deu c6 n h d dich, canh non c6 i t long nho. L a moc so le, jcuohg la dai 3-10cm, c6 long td, phieV la hinh triing, dai 6-20cm, rong 3-8cm, dau la hdi nhon, phia cuohg tron ho&c h i n h tim, c6 khi khong doi xiing, mep c6 rang ciia ro, doi k h i xe ;i thuy, dac biet c6 k h i xe 5 thuy, nhifng do nong sau cua vet cit khong nhat dinh. Co k h i phien la khong chia thuy. M a t tren la c6 long ngfin, mat diidi c6 long mem mau xam t r i n g . Hoa ddu tinh, d\ic cai khac gob, hoa d U c moc thanh bong ci ngon canh, hoa cai moc thanh cum h i n h cau; hoa diic c6 4 la dai va 4 n h i ; hoa cai c6 dai hdp 3-4 rang va 1 voi nhuy. Qua hach, t u thanii h i n h cau, mau vang hay do, diicing k i n h chu:ng 2cm. Mua hoa vao cac thang 5-6; miia qua vao cac thang 8-11.

Difcing la v i thuoc da diidc sxi dung tiif ra't lau (Jc(i trong dan gian. Theo Dong y: Ld ditdng c6 v i ngot, t i n h mat, c6 tac dung lifdng huyet, Idi thuy; dizng chiJa tho huyet, nuc huyet (chay mau miii), huyet bang, ngoai t h U d n g xua't huyet, thuy thiing, san k h i , kiet l i , let ngiia ngoai da. Canh diCdng dung chiia t r i me day, mat do S l i n g dau, tieu tien kho khan... Qua dit&ng CO v i ngot, t i n h han; vao 3 k i n h can, ty va than; CO tac dung bo than, thanh can, minh muc, manh gan cot, trd difdng khi, bo hif lao, ich nhan sac; diing chi3a cd the suy nhiidc, thuy thung, mat mh sinh mang mong...

- Li/u y: Ngoai cay dii6ng noi tren, trong ca ' riifng t h i i sinh cl nifdc ta con thifdng gap mot loai diidng khac, chi cao khoang 2-4m, goi la "dvfcin; 140

Mot sd'dan thuoc cd cay du&ng: â&#x20AC;˘ Thuoc ho dm: Qua du6ng 1kg, dau den 1kg, ky t ^ 30g. Cdch che: D i u den ham nhH, chat lay niidc, cho qua diidng vao t^m mot ngay, lay ra, p h d i kho; lai tam va p h d i cho den k h i nxldc dku den tha'm het vao t h i thoi. Sau do dem tron v6i ky tu. sao vang th&m, tan thanh hot m i n . Moi sang ^cing 15g vdi nildc trang. Co tac dung bo am, diing chiia trong xutdng nong ham ha'p, dem ngu 141

hay va m o hoi trom, ra gio m i t chay niJ6c, nan^ gi6i d i t i n h hoac mong tinh. - ChOa phu nQ rong huyet: Dung v6 cadifdng (lay Idp v6 trSng, cao bo v6 tho ben ngoai), kinh gi6i sao vang, moi t h i i 12g, sic nii6c uong trong ngay (Dan thuoc cua Tue Tinh). - ChiJta chitng hay buon ngu: Diing la dil6ng i n l m , sac nif6c uong (Kinh nghiem cua Ldn 6ng). - Chtta hoi chvCng li: La difdng tUdi 50-lOOg, gia nat lay midc uong - (kinh nghiem dan gian <} Lai Chdu). - ChUa di li ra mdu, bang huyet: Dung v6 cay diidng, k i n h gi6i - hai t h i i dung liidng bang nhau, t a n thanh bot m i n . M o i Ian uong 3g, chieu bS.ng ntfdc dam da pha loang. - Chi/a hoa mat: Diing qua dii6ng, k i n h gicii tue, dia cot b i - 3 t h i i lieu liidng bSng nhau, tan thanh bot min, luyen v6i mat lam thanh vien bang hat dau xanh; moi Ian uong 20 vien, chieu b a n g nii6c cdm hoac chao loang. - ChUa tho huyet, nuc huyet (chay mdu cam): Dung la dudng ttfdi gia v&t lay nir6c cot, uong dan trong ngay, cii 2-3 gid l a i uong mot chen con (20ml). - ChUa todn thdn phii thung: (1) Dung 1; dtfding tiidi, nau v6i nii6c, c6 dac thanh cao m e m , ngay uong 3 Ian luc doi bung, moi Ian 142

y6ng 1 thia con (2,5-3ml). (2) Dung v6 cay diicing (cao bo Idp v6 tho ci ngoai) 12g, moc thong l2g, y d i 16g, v6 r l dau 8g, v6 quit 4g, gtCng tudi 3 lat; sSc uong. - ChQa sdn khi (dm nang (biu ddi) sitng dau): Dung la dif6ng, tot nhat la h a i vao thang 5 am lich, phdi kho trong bong r a m , t a n thanh bot min, ngay uong 3 l ^ n vao luc doi, m6i Ian 3-6g, chieu thuoc bang rvfdu am. - ChiJea dau thdn kinh toa: Dung la dvfdng tiidi I20g, la ngai ciiu tiidi 60g, nau nif6c xong r^a. - Chita da Id ngita kich liet: Diing la dif6ng tvfdi thai nho, gia that n h u y i n , d i p len cho da bi ngijfa. - Chita ngoai thitcfng xudt huyet: Dung la d\i6ng tiidi gia nat d i p len cho vet thiJdng. Li/ong y Hir Dan

THUOC NAM CHUA DAU LUNC + Hoi: Em nay 24 tuoi, dang hoc nam cud'i Tru&ng si quan luc qudn I. Em dang bi can benh gal dot cot song doqn SI hdnh hq, dd khodng horn mot "^m nay, dd sue dung mot so loqi thuoc Dongy vd Tdy y (thuoc gidm dau) nhung khong hieu qua. Vdy mong

143

"Thuoc vu&n nhd" cho em biei can benh nay c6 chua khoi dmc khong? C6 the gidi thieu cho em mdt bdi thuoc Nam duac khong? + Dap: Gai doi cot song, gay dau lifng, hoac dau xuyen xuong chan - doc theo dUdng phan bo cua than k i n h toa, thuoc pham v i cac chiitng "yeu thong" hoac "yeu thoai thong" cua Dong y Thdi gian qua, c6 le ban m6i chi uong thuoc Tay y de giam dau, hoac uong thuoc Dong y theo k i n h nghiem do mot so ngUdi mach bao, n e n benh thuyen giam cham. ^ Theo Dong y, nguyen nhan d i n t6i "yeu thong" (dau that Ivfng), hoac "yeu thoai thong" (dau that liing Ian xuong diidi chan), c6 the do mot so nguyen nhan chu yeu nhvi sau: (1): Sinh hoat lau ngay ci nhQng ndi ^m thap, ngam nii6c lau, bi m U a ii6t, dang va mo hoi ra ngoai gio.. khien "han ta" va "thap ta" xam nhap vao cd the, lam cho k i n h lac bi nghen tic, k h i huyet bJ ngiing tre, ma gay nen benh; (2): Han tha'p <i dong trong cd the, tich t u lau ngay hoa thanh "hoa doc", hoac mua ha hi n h i l m phai "thap ta' v a "nhiet ta", khien k i n h lac nghen tic, ma ga> nen benh; (3): Do v u n g that lifng - khung chau bi ton thvfdng, khien k h i huyet xi dong, gay nei dau nhiic; (4): Do him sinh yeu 6t, hoac mSc benh man tinh, khien t i n h huyet ci hai tang cai 144

v a than bi hao ton, k i n h mach khong diidc nuoi dii3ng day du, ma gay nen benh. Can cijÂŁ v a o 4 nguyen nhan trgn, tren lam sang Dong y thiidng chia benh thanh 4 loai hinh sau day, de dung thao dUdc hoac thiic an chQa tri, theo nguyen tic "bien chiifng lualn t r i " : 1. Han thap - Trieu chitng chinh: Dau nhijfc k^m theo cam giac lanh tii that lifng xuong c h a n , k h o xoay ngvfdi, b e n h ban d a u d a u n h e sau nang d a n , nam ngu d a u k h o n g giam, c h U d m a'm h o a c t h d i tiet am len t h i d a u giam. Reu lu5i t r a n g n h d t , mach tram t r i (chim, cham). * - Bdi thuoc tieu bieu: Doc hoat lOg, tang ky sinh 8g, thvfdng truat 12g, xuyen khung lOg, cam thao 6g, phong phong 6g, ngifu tat 15g, moc qua lOg, que chi lOg, can khiidng 6g, phuc linh 15g. Sac nif6c uong m6i ngay mot thang, m6i thang sac 3 Ian, hdp 3 nifdc v6i nhau, c6 dac con 3 bat, chia ra 3 Ian uong each xa bQa an; lien tuc 10 ngay (1 lieu trinh), nghi 3 ngay, lai tiep tuc mot lieu t r i n h khac. - Mon an - Bdi thuoc: Can khuldng (giing kho) 5-6g, tho phuc hnh 15g, tao tiu 5 trai; sac % nude bo ba, d u n g nMdc thuoc them 50-lOOg 890 te nau chao, them d i i d n g do, chia ra an 2 1 ^ trong n g a y . 145

- Rieau thuoc: T h i i d n g t r u a t 15g, h o n g hoa

thifcJc 8g, cot k h i cu 12g, n g i f u ta't 12g, h i f d n g

lOg, moc qua 15g, rtfdu t r S n g 5 0 0 m l , n g a m it

phu 15g, t h a n h b i lOg. Sac va u o n g giong n h i f

n h a t 7 ngay; ngay u o n g 2 Ian, m 6 i I a n 15-20ml.

bai thuoc t r o n g muc " 1 . H a n t h a p " . - Ruau thuoc: H o n g hoa 30g, d a n sam 30g, ke

2. Thdp nhiet - Trieu chiing chinh:

D a u n M c suot t\i lifng

x u o n g chan, v i t r i dau c6 cam giac nong, gap troi

huyet d a n g 30g, r i i d u t r l n g l.OOOml, n g a m i t n h a t 7 ngay m 6 i l ^ n u o n g 2 0 m l , ngay 3 I a n .

m i i a hoac t h d i tiet nong t h i dau t a n g len. Ren

4. Can than suy hu

lifdi v a n g nh6t, mach hoat sac ( t r d n , n h a n h ) .

- Trieu chitng chinh:

L i i n g goi d a u m o i y e u ,

- Bdi thuoc tieu bieu: V6 niic nac 12g, thUdng

dau a m i , t h i c h dildc xoa bop k h i n g i i d i met

t r u a t 12g, y d i n h a n 30g, n g i f u t a t 15g, cot k h i

nhoc d a u t a n g l e n , n a m n g h i d a u g i a m . T h i f d n g

c u lOg, t y g i a i 12g, x u y e n k h u n g 8g, nhSn dong

tai p h a t d i t a i p h a t l a i , k e m theo d a u choang

d a n g (day k i m ngan) 30g, cam thao 6g. S i c lay nv(6c, m 6 i t h a n g sac 2 I d n , chia r a 3-4 I a n uong each xa bOa a n ; h e n tuc 10 ngay (1 h e u t r i n h ) , n g h i 3 ngay, l a i tiep tuc m o t h e u t r i n h khac. - Mon an - Bdi thuoc:

nhat, r e u l i f d i mong, mach t r i m te v6 liic (chim nho yeu). - Bdi thuoc tieu bieu: Bo cot c h i 12g, do t r o n g

Y d i n h a n 50g, dau

x a n h (de ca v6) 50g, n a u t h a n h chao, chia r a 2-3 \in a n t r o n g ngay.

12g, ho dao nhuc 12g, n g i f u t a t 12g, h o a i sdn 30g, t h o t y txi 12g, cau k y t ^ lOg, d i i d n g q u y 15g, c^u t i c h 12g, tuc doan lOg, doc hoat 6g, moc qua lOg. S i c va u o n g giong n h u b a i thuoc

3. Huyet it

t r o n g muc " 1. H a n t h a p " .

- Trieu chUng chinh:

Dau n h i i d u i dam, v i t r i

d a u CO d i n h , a n vao d a u t a n g , ngay d a u nhe dem d a u n a n g h d n . Chat liiSi t i m t a i , hoac c6 ch6 \i h u y e t , mach

mat hoa, t a i u , s i c dien den sam. C h a t l u 3 i

sap

(rit). The

benh

nay

- Mon an - Bdi thuoc: (1): H o a i sdn 30-60g, cau k y tijt 20-30g, s i c l a y nUdc t h e m gao te (50lOOg), n a u chao a n t r o n g ngay; (2): Tuc doan 25g, do t r o n g 30g, d u o i Idn 1-2 cai (bo da), h a m

t h i i d n g gap ci nhQng n g i i d i c6 t i e n s\i b i cha'n

len t h e m m i m m u o i gia v i , l a m t h i i c a n t r o n g

t h U d n g v u n g t h a t l i f n g , xUdng c h i u .

bQacdm.

- Bdi thuoc tieu bieu: quy 146

Dao n h a n 12g, difdng

12g, x u y e n k h u n g lOg, d a n sam 8g, xich

? -

De p h a n biet t h a t c h i n h xac 4 loai h i n h benh Jioi t r e n , con can biet t h e m mot so t r i e u c h i i n g 147

toan t h a n khac. V i vay, tot n h a t b a n nen den cri s6 chan t r i D o n g y, de difdc cac thay thuoc k h a n i benh t n i c tiep, dong t h d i gia g i a m cac ddn thuoc

01OC ddn doc ngay tren than va canh, m u i hdi kho c h i u . Q u a h i n h cau, dUdng k i n h 6-12cm, trong giong qua biicii to vvfa phai, n h i i n g v6

cho t h a t t h i c h hdp v 6 i benh t i n h , cung n h u the

xanh cijfng, trong qua c6 thit (con goi la c d m hay

t a n g cua b a n . Trvf6c mat, neu chiia c6 dieu kien

nac) m a u t r i n g , v i chua chua, c6 nhieu hat det

de d i k h a m D o n g y, chi nen ap d u n g t h ^ M6n an

nho cung m a u trSng. N h i i n g cdm qua (thit qua),

- Bai thuoc t i f d n g l i n g v 6 i t i i n g loai h i n h benh.

k h i nao r a va de ci ngoai trdi rat chong chuyen sang mau den. T e n "dao t i e n " h a y " t r i f d n g s i n h " , c6 le x u a t

T A C D U N G C H U A BENH C U A O A O TIEN

p h a t tiif

Stic

song m a n h l i e t cua cay: C h i can l a y

mot d o a n c a n h con x a n h , d e m v u i x u o n g d a t , du l a d a t k h o cSn, v ^ n moc t h a n h cay va p h a t

+ Hoi: ... Chuyen muc "Thuoc vu&n nhd"

ddgiup

t r i e n m a n h . N g o a i r a , cay c6 l a q u a n h

nam

cho ban than toi rat nhieu trong each siC dung cac

x a n h t o t , r a hoa va k e t qua t r o n g suot boh

loai thuoc thien nhien sdn c6. Nay toi muon

chuyen

m u a . T e n "dao t i e n " cua cay Crescentia cujete

muc tu van ve cdch dung vd tdc dung chUa benh cua

difdc n h a t h u c v a t ngUdi P h a p g h i ro t r o n g

qua ddo tien. Vi noi toi or, ddo tien mpc rat tot, cho

quyen sach " N h v i n g cay t h u o c ci

qua to... vd toi nghe noi qua ddo tien c6 the chua

Lao v a V i e t N a m " , x u a t b a n t t f n a m 1953. N h i i

nhieu benh.

vay, "dao t i e n " l a t e n goi da dudc l i f u t r u y e n

+ Dap:

Cay dao t i e n , con goi "cay triJctng

sinh", moc h o a n g d a i va diidc t r o n g ci cac t i n h phia

Nam

ntfdc

ta,

cung

nhii

Lao

Campuchia^

t r o n g d a n g i a n tijf l a u . T e n dao t i e n k h i e n t a n h d t 6 i chuyen T o n H a n h Gia t r o n g "Tay du ky",

n h d an qua

dao

Campuchia; con t h a y moc h N a m M y v a chau

t i e n h a i t r o m t r o n g v i i d n cua T a y vifdng m l u ,

P h i . Theo A .

goc

ma diidc t r i f d n g t h o . Tril6c day, k h i nghe t e n

B r a x i n , c6 t e n khoa hoc l a Crescentia cujete

dao t i e n , t h i i d n g n g i i d i t a chi n g h i den cay dao

L i n . , thuoc ho N i i c nac (Bignoniaceae).

CO hoa m a u do, d u n g t r a n g t r i t r o n g ngay Tet,

Petelot t h i cay

nguon

Dao t i e n I k l o a i cay go, cao 7-lOm, l a

moc

h i n h t a n , x a n h tUdi h ^ u n h u q u a n h nSm, hoa 148

qua a n difdc, c6 t e n khoa hoc P r u n u s persica Stokes hay Persica v u l g a r i s M i l l . , thuoc ho hoa 149

I h o n g (Rosaceae), nhiJng t r e n t h i i c te,

khong

t h a y a i goi cay nay la cay "dao t i e n " .

jioi d u n nong va dao

cho

chin Que d i u

m^u

trSng, n h a n h chong chuyen t h a n h den n h a n h )

Ve tac d u n g cua cay dao t i e n ma ban hoi, theo

r6i che t h a n h x i r o , goi la xiro decalebasse, d u n g

nhiJng t a i l i e u chung t o i c6 t r o n g tay: T r o n g t h i t

(}| chuta ho. C l i n g theo t a i l i e u nxidc ngoai, cdm

qua dao t i e n c6 mot so' a x i t h i i u cd, n h i f a x i t

qua dao t i e n chifa c h i n , difdc d u n g l a m thuoc t a y

xitric,

axit

va n h u a n t r a n g . Cdm qua dao t i e n n g a m rUdu,

creosentic. T r o n g h a t c6 chat dau, gan giohg dau

dting v6i l i e u nho (v6i l i e u 10 centigam) l a m

lac hay dau 6 l i u . ChUa t h a y n h i i n g k e t

qua

thuoc k h a i v i , v d i l i e u 60 centigam l a m thuoc t a y

nghien cxta l a m sang ve tac d u n g keo dai t u o i

manh do tac d u n g t a n g cvfdng co bop r u o t . T a i A n

tho. Theo t a i l i e u cua GS. D6 T a t L d i : N a m

Do, thtfdng d u n g nxidc sSc cua v6 cay de r ^ a cac

axit

tactric,

axit

clorogenic,

1987,

CO doan can bo dildc cua n\idc t a qua t h a m mot

vet thvfdng; la gia dip de chQa dau dau.

ngoi chua d t h u do V i e n t i a n , dtfdc sU cu t r u t r i ngoi chua gidi t h i e u tac d u n g keo dai t u o i tho cua qua dao t i e n nhxL sau: 6 V i e n t i a n c6 13 v i sii,

L 6 HOI LA MOT VI THUOC BO?

n h d an qua dao t i e n ma tho hdn 130 t u o i . L i i c

•

p h a i doan den t h a m , con 7 cu v a n dang m a n h

•

khoe, h a n g ngay v ^ n t u n g k i n h , l l phat. Cung

+ Hoi: Qua Tri TMc Tri - so 185, ra ngdy 10-9-

vao t h d i k y ay, benh n h a n den chvia Phap Hoa d

2006, toi Met 16 hoi Id cdy rat quy, chua dugc nhieu

L o n g T h a n h , D o n g N a i , ciing t h a y v i sU t r u t n d

benh vd Id cdy tru&ng tho giup cho ngu&i cao tuoi

do thufdng d u n g qua dao t i e n de che thuoc bo - c6

chung t6i. Nhitng so bdo do chua ndi ro: Neu Id bSi

phoi hdp t h e m

duffng tuoi gid, thi dung nu6c cot Id tuoi 16 hoi ngdy

mot

so' v i thuoc khac,

nhung

k h o n g the biet la nhiJng v i thuoc gi.

uong may Idn, m6i Idn bao nhieu ml, lieu trinh boo

Viec s^ d u n g dao t i e n de chQa benh, chu yeu

nhieu ngdy? Bdi bdo cdn c6 doan ndi: Ld 16 hoi di

v i n dua vao k i n h n g h i e m dan gian, ci t r o n g va

vao bong toi no se tiet ra chat kich sinh to tot gap boi,

ngoai niidc. Theo n h i i n g t a i l i e u nxidc ngoai, t h i

nhung kh6ng noi Id de vdo bong toi bao nhieu gid.

dan chau P h i va N a m M y d u n g dao t i e n de che

^dy t6i rat mong dUffc su chi ddn.

thuoc chQa ho, n h u a n t r a n g : Bo qua dao t i e n , cao l a y p h a n t h i t trSng, t h a i nho, cho vao chao hay 150

+ Dap: N e u doc k y b a i "Ld hoi Phdm",

t r e n Tri Thitc

& cdc

Tre so 185, trang

54,

sdn bac 151

I se t h a y : L 6 h o i t u y la loai cay c6 r a t n h i e u tar

hoi chi d u n g v d i l i e u nho,

l - 2 g , diidi

dang

dung, n h i l n g k h o n g k e t l u a n r S n g do la loa;

thuoc v i e n hoac thuoc bot. N g i f d i t y v i suy nhudc,

thuoc bo. B a i bao cung noi ro: D u n g v d i l i e u nhf

an i t ia long va p h u nii dang c6 t h a i k y dung.

(20-50mg n h u a kho), c6 t i n h "bo dSng, n h u a n

Theo c h i i n g t 6 i n g h i , t r o n g d i e u k i e n

gia

gan", n g h i a la d u n g v 6 i l i e u nho, c6 tac d u n g bo;

d i n h , do'i v 6 i n g i i d i cao tu6'i, c6 t h e svL d u n g 16

bo n h a t d i n h do'i v 6 i cd the - t h o n g qua viec dieu

hoi de chiia tao bon, thuoc t h e n h i e t , v d i nhutng

hoa chiic nSng gan, k i c h t h i c h t i e u hoa.

bieu h i e n : B u n g day tile, n g i i d i nong, buon buc,

Con

d u n g v 6 i l i e u cao (lOOmg nhUa k h o ) , se c6 tac

k h a t niidc, h d i ihd hoi va nong, nxidc t i e u vang,

dung n h u a n trang, tay.

lifdi v a n g mong. N g o a i r a , d6i v 6 i nhiJng n g i i d i

is^jj,,

Con viec "de la 16 h o i vao bong t o i " diidc dc ckp t r o n g doan n o i ve each tao r a cac chat kich s i n h ( b i o s t i m u l i n ) , n h S m n o i ro t h e m ve

tac

d u n g da d a n g cua 16 h o i . Theo c h u n g t o i nghi, d6 la m o t k h a u t r o n g day chuyen c6ng nghe, ch] c6 t h e t h i l c h i e n c h i n h xac t r o n g d i e u k i e n xf nghiep hoac phong t h i n g h i e m , k h o n g d i thiJc h i e n t r o n g d i e u k i e n gia d i n h .

bi t h 6 n g phong (Gut), k h i k h d p h i sUng dau, t h i d u n g chat dich t r o n g la 16 h o i b6i len cho dau, c6 tac d u n g g i a m d a u k h a t6't. Cach thUc h i e n : Cat la 16 h o i t i f d i , b6' doc, d i i n g dao hoac t h i a con, nao l a y p h a n dich dac t r o n g suot ben

trong

(hoac h a i la 16 hoi t t f d i , cAt bo gai va d a u n h o n , gia nho, hoc vao v a i s6 sach, vSt l a y chat dich), boi l e n ch6 sUng d a u ; ngay b6i 3-4 Ian. Li/dng y HuDan

T r o n g cac sach ve thao difcfc dCing t r o n g gia d i n h , 16 h o i difdc xep vao n h o m cac v i thuoc c6 tac d u n g n h u a n t r a n g , t h o n g dai t i e n (tay). Thee E>6ng y, 16 h o i c6 v i d&ng, t i n h l a n h ; vao 3 k i n h

Sir DUNG THANH HAO TRONG GIA DINH

can, v i va d a i t r a n g . Co tac d u n g "ta h a th6np t i e n " - d u n g chQa dai t i e n b i ket thuoc the nhiet:

' *

T h a n h can (mat gan) - d u n g chQa c h i i n g phier tao, hay cau gian, chan tay co giat, dau dau

+ Hoi:

Que toi trong rat nhieu cay thanh hao, Id

choang vang, k e m theo b i dai t i e n ; Ngoai ra cor

gan giong cdy ngdi cicu vd miti cung tuorng tu. Nguoi

c6 tac d u n g sat t r i i n g - d i i n g chiia lei ngiita ngoai

dan que toi trong loqi cdy nay theo mot du an, vd thdy

da va cam t i c h d tre nho. Thong t h i i d n g , nhvia If

fioi rang, de lay ngpn che thuoc chdng benh sot ret.

152

153

khdng Met c6 phdi hay khong? Mong "Thud'c vu&n nhd" gidi dap ho thdc mac vd cho Met ve nhOng tdc dung chiia benh cua cdy thanh hao. Toi xin trdn thanh cam an. + Dap: Cay thanh hao ban hoi, con c6 ten la "thanh cao", "thao cao", "hoang hoa hao", "ngai hoa vang", "thanh hao hoa vang",... Ten khoa hoc la Artemissia annua L. Thuoc ho Cue Asteriaceae. Hien tai, cay thvfdng diidc goi la "thanh hao hoa vang", de phan biet vdi nhQng loai "thanh hao" khac. Vi cay nay von moc hoang dai ci niidc ta t\i lau doi, nhifng trildc day thifdng bi iSn Ion v6i mot so loai thanh hao khac. Thanh hao hoa vang la loai cay song lau nSm. Thiidng moc hoang thanh tvfng dam, d vung doi nui ven suoi, ven song. Cay cao txi 1,52m. La xe long chim 2 Ian, thanh phien hep, phu long mem. Co mui thdm. Cum hoa hinh cau hdp thanh mot chuy kep. La bac tong bao, hinh triing hoac hinh bau due. Hoa mau vang nhat, m6i cum hoa gom 6 hoa: Giuta la hoa lt(3ng tinh, xung quanh la hoa cai. Qua be hinh trijtng, dai 1mm. Mat v6 c6 tuyen chiia tinh dau. Tren thi trUdng tai Trung Quoc, thiidng bi tron mot cay khac goi la hoang cao hay xii cao cung ho Cue nhiing la quanh nam mau vang luc, va c6 mui hoi, con cay thanh hao hoa vang that thi chi ve mua thu la mdi vang, con trifdc do c6 mau luc. 154

Thanh hao da difdc dung lam thuoc trong dan gian va trong Dong y tCr hang ngan nam trii<5c. Tai nhQng dia phvfdng c6 thanh hao hoa vang moc hoang dai, mot so ndi dan chiing thifcing hai la non cua cay non ve luoc la, hoa v^ toan bo phan tren mSt dat phdi hay say kho lam thuoc chiJa sot cao, sot, giai doc, cam mao, ro'i loan tieu hoa. ' Tu( nhQng nam 70 cua the ky trifdc, cay bat diu dtfdc chii y dfic biet, do cac nha khoa hoc da chiet diide tii phan tren mat dat cua cay thanh hao hoa vang mot chat dac biet, c6 ten la artemisinin - c6 tac dung dac tri benh sot r6t. Hien nay, thanh hao hoa vang difdc dung lam nguyen lieu chiet artemisinin de chQa sot, sot r6t dii6i dang thuoc vien. Theo y thxL cd, thanh hao c6 vi dSng cay, tinh lanh; vao hai kinh can va dcim. Co tac dung lifdng huyet (mat mau), giai thrt (giai nSng nong), thanh "hif nhiet" (sot do am hii) va tiet ngUdc (tr^ sot ret). Dung chfla nhiing trildng hdp "eot ehung lao nhiet" (nong trong xiidng, sot trong benh lao, do cd the suy nhvfdc), dao han (mo hoi trom), ngifdc tat (sot ret), lei ngijta. Con diang chuta cam nSng, giiip s U tieu hoa, Idi gan ^at. Dung rieng hay phoi hdp vdi mot so' vi thuoc khac. Ngay diing tijf 6-12g du6i dang thuoc sSc hay thuoc vien. '^3s®i««;' 155

Trong dieu kien gia dinh, c6 the s\t dunp thanh hao hoa vang theo mot so'each nhif sau: - Chaa soi ret: Dung thanh hao txiCi mot n^n, (khoang 20g) gia vSt lay nii6c, chia ra uon; trong ngay hoac trii6c k h i len cdn. Hoac duni thanh hao kho 12g, tan thanh hot, chia ra 2-3 l^n uohg. Chu y: Chat artemisinin - c6 tac dung chuta soi r6t, hi pha hoai trong midc dun soi, nen can dunj^ dii6i dang nifdc cot hoac thuoc hot nhil tren. - ChQa sot dm trong berth lao, mo hoi trom, tieu hod kem: Dung thanh hao 6-12g kho, sSc nadc uohg trong ngay. - ChiJCa tre nho ia chdy, phdt soi: Dung thanli hao, CO phtfdng v i , rau sam, m6i t h i i 6-8g, sa< nii6c uohg trong ngay. - Chdy mdu cam: Dung thanh hao tvfdi, gi; vat lay mot chen con n\idc cot, chia ra uohg dku. ba nhet vao 16 mui dang chay mau. - Rang siCng dau: nau lay nxitc ngam.

Dung thanh hao 1 n i m ,

T A C DUNG CUA CAY THAN MAT + H o i : Vao khodng cuoi thdng 2 - dau thdng duang lich, khi di qua vu&n Bach Thdo a Hd No156

qudng dau du&ng Hodng Hoa Thdm, toi thdy c6 vdi 0^y rat la: Todn cay phu Id nho, trdng nhutuyet, sdng fUC, Id rung xuong phu trdng cd mot khodng rpng quanh gdc cdy, rat dep, vd chi khodng muoi hom sau, di qua dd thdy todn cdy Men thanh mdu xanh. Hinh fihit mot nhd vdn ndo do, khi viet ve Hd Npi, c6 noi tdi cdy ndy, vd ggi do Id cdy "xudn nit" hay "trinh flit" gi do, nhitng toi khdng the nh& chinh xdc. Md thti hoi mot so ngudi quanh do, thi hp cung khdng biet ten. Vi vdy, ne'u c6 the duac, mong "Thuoc vu&n nhd " gidi ddp cho biet, thii cdy do cd ten Id gi? Cd tdc dung chita benh gi khdng? + D a p : Thiif cay ban hoi, von moc hoang d nhieu t i n h mien thifdng du, n h i i Hoa Binh, Thanh Hoa, Nghe A n , Ha Tinh, Ha Tay va Bac Kan, Thai Nguyen. Tai mot vai ndi d Ha Noi, cung CO trong de lam canh va iKy bong mat. Tai cac dia phiidng, cay c6 n h i f u ten goi khac nhau, n h u "duoc ca", "thSn mut", "hot mat", "mac bat",... Cay c6 Ten khoa hoc la M i l l e t i a ichthyochtone Drake, thuoc ho Canh hudm Fabaceae. Than mat la loai cay to, cao chtfng 5-10m, c6 la kep 2 Ikn long chim le, s6m rung, la non dai 12cm, cuo'ng chung dai 7-8cm, gay, cuong la chet dai 3-4mm, la chet 5-6cm, rong 15-25mm. ^ u a hoa vao cac thang 2-3. Cay c6 dac diem 1^ ^â&#x20AC;˘a hoa tnidc k h i ra la. Hoa rat nhieu, moc

CAY BONG NirdC CHiJA VIEIVf NHIEM SUNG DAU

t h a n h t t f n g c h u m , m a u t r S n g , p h u k i n ca cay, nen n h i e u ngifdi tifclng do l a l a , va k h i e n cay noi bat

l e n ci giiJa d a m cay. Q u a l a mot giap, dai

13cm (cuohg 1cm), r o n g 2-3cm, txi 1/3 p h i a t r e n hep l a i , t r o n g giohg con dao ma t a u Ivfdi rong, trong chiia mot hat h i n h d i a mau vang nau n h a t , difdng k i n h 2 0 m m ; h a t t h i i d n g difdc t h u hoach vao t h a n g t\i. Ve tac dung, chi m 6 i thSy dan gian sii d u n g hat t h a n m a t de duoc ca (nen cay con c6 t e n la "duoc ca"): T a n nho, t r o n vdi t r o bep, rSc vac dong nifdc suoi d a n g a n l a i , ca se chet, n o i len, chi viec v6t ve. T a i m o t so' dia phvfdng, con su d u n g l a m thuoc triif sau: Gia nho h a t , pha t h e m nv(6c v 6 i t y le 4-16% p h u n len cay. V a i chuc n a m trvfdc (1960), Hoc v i e n N o n g L a m da t h i n g h i e m gia nho h a t t h a n m a t , r o i n g a m v d i midc l a tii 4-12 gid, sau do p h a loang vdi nong do khac n h a u , p h u n l e n cay; k e t qua cho t h a y : H a t t h a n mat CO the d u n g l a m thuoc de t r i i n h i e u loai sau V i e t N a m n h i i C i r p h i s salebrosa h a i ngo, sau keo Spodoptera m a u r i t i a , rep khoai, n h a y h a i bong... T r o n g m o t so' sach thuoc D o n g y, c6 v i e t : Re vk t h a n t h a n m a t c6 v i dSng, t i n h m a t ; c6 tac d u n g k h u phong, trijf t h a p , chohg n g i i a . Nhuing t r e n t h i i c te, m 6 i c h i thfi'y svL d u n g t h a n m a t de chQa t r i m o t so' b e n h ngoai da: D u n g v6 r l hoac v6 t h a n n a u nxidc, rvLa v a boi, de chQa m a n n g i i a , Id loet, b e n h n a m ngoai da. 158

+ Hoi: Cdch day khong Idu, dau ngdn tay tro cua 0i bi sung vu, dau khong sao chiu noi. Tdi dang chudn bi vdo benh vien, thi mot cu gid hdng x6m sang choi, bdo hai nam Id cay hoa bong nu&c, gid dap se dff. Tdi Idm thi, thdy rdt ky dieu: Sau mot luc dd thdy da dau, dap them vdi Idn thi ngdn he't sung, dan khoi. Tdi vie't thu ndy, mong duac chia se kinh nghiem quy ndy cilng ban doc, dong th&i mong duac "Thuoc vu&n nhd" gidt thieu them ve tac dung cua cay thuoc ndy. + Dap: Cay hoa bong nii6c moc hoang va difdc trong l a m canh t a i n h i e u v i i d n ci k h l p ntf6c t a . Cay con c6 t e n l a "bong m o n g tay", "n^c ne", "mong t a y loi", "phiidng t i e n hoa", "cap t i n h t t f ' . . . Ten k h o a hoc cua cay la I m p a t i e n s balsamina L . Cay bong nvfdc l a loai c6 moc h a n g n a m , c6 the cao t d i k h o a n g n^a met. L a moc so le, c6 cuohg, h i n h mac, d a u n h o n , mep c6 r a n g ciJa r a t ro, d a i 7-8cm, r o n g 2-2,5cm. H o a moc ci nach l a , liidng t i n h , m a u do, hong, h a y t r S n g , t u y loai. La d a i difdi c6 canh d a i , k h o n g deu. L a d a i trifdc h i n h ciia. Hoa c6 5 c a n h to, d i n h n h a u ci go'c, 5 nhi;

c h i n h i ngSn, bao phSi'n d i n h s a t n h a u

c h u n g q u a n h n h u y ; 5 l a n o a n hdp t h a n h b a u 159

thvfcJng 5 6, m6i 6 dUng nhieu noan. Qua nang CO long, dtfng vao la vd thanh nhieu manh v a tung hat ra manh.

- ChSa trdng nhac, phdt boi: DUng la bong nil6c tiidi, gia dap, ngay thay thuoc 2-3 Hn.

Tat ca cac bo phan cua cay deu c6 the svL dung lam thuoc. Dan gian thiidng dung than, canh, l a va hoa. Con Dong y sii dung them ca r l va hat. Cay bong midc dxiac ghi trong "Ban thdo ciicfng muc" vdi ten "phiidng tien". Hat bong nif6c diioc ghi trong "CiCu hoang ban thdo" vdi ten "cap tinh t^". Theo Dong y, toan cay (than, canh, la, hoa) CO v i cay, tinh on, hdi c6 doc, c6 tac dung khii phong tha'p, boat huyet, chi thong, thifdng diing chiJa phong thap, bi thifdng sUng dau, rkn ret cin. Ngay uohg tii 4 den 12g dif6i dang thuoc sic. Dung ngoai khong ke lieu lifdng. Sach co noi phu nvL CO thai khong dung diidc. Hat (cap tinh tvL) CO v i hdi ding, tinh on, hdi c6 doc, vao hai k i n h can va ty, c6 tac dung giang k h i , hanh d, thiidng dung chiia k i n h nguyet be tSc, de kho, nac nghen, hoc xiidng. Ngay diing 3 Ian, moi lÂŁn 4-6g dxidi dang thuoc bot hay vien.

bong nii6c tiidi 1 nim., r^a sach, gia nat d i p ,

Do cay hdi c6 doc, nen k h i ddng uohg trong, nhat thiet can c6 sil hifdng d i n va theo d5i cua t h i y thuoc. \ vay, chung toi chi gidi thieu them v6i ban mot so'each dung ben ngoai. - Chita phong thap khdp xi/cfng dau nhiic DCing canh la bong nuldc tiidi, sic nUdc ngam r ^ a hoac gia nat dip vao cho dau. i 160

- ChiJta viem mong tay, siing dau:

Dxmg la

bang CO dinh, ngay thay thuoc 2 l l n . Mot so ngii^i con tron vdi diidng do ciing gia nat d i p . - ChQa nga tritdng phong:

Diing la hoac

hoa bong nU6c tiidi, xat ch6 b i benh, ngay xat 4-5

lin. - ChiJCa thoi mong tay (khoi chi gidp):

Diing

hoa phKdng tien txiCi gia d i p . - Chita don ngd ton thitOng, sitng dau,

vet

thUcfng la loet: Dung r l phifdng tien, gia d i p .

TRAI MQC O U A -

CHOA D A U xutfNG K H 6 P + H o i : Toi bi dau khdp goi da nhieu nam, titng dung nhieu loqi thuoc ma. benh chichuyen bien rat it. May man dugc mot ngudi ban cho don thuoc, chu ye'u Id diing vi "mdc qua", uong vdo thay tdc dung rdt tot. Gdn day, c6 ngudi ban Met tieng Trung Quoc ndi rang: "Mgc qua" chinh Id "trdi du du". Vdy xin de nghi "Thuoc vudn nhd" cho biet: C6 the diing trdi du du de chOa dau xuang khdp duqc khdng?

>5m vm

161

+ D^p: Theo n g h i a t h o n g thxiOng, t r o n g tie'ng

T r o n g sach thuoc D o n g y, moc qua dvfdc xep

H o a "moc qua" c h i n h l a t r a i d u d u , m a c h i i n g t a

vao n h o m thuoc trijf phong t h a p . Theo D o n g y,

v i n sxi d u n g l a m t h i i c a n h a n g ngay. T u y n h i e n ,

moc qua CO v i chua, t i n h a m ; vao h a i k i n h can

v i thuoc "moc qua" t r o n g dcin thuoc cua b a n ,

va t y . Co tac d u n g thiJ can hoat lac, hoa v i hoa

c h i c chSn la qua cua cay khac, cung c6 t e n la

thap, t i e u t h i i c , s i n h t a n c h i k h a t . D u n g chfla

"moc qua". Cay d u d u d u n g l a m ihxic a n c6 t e n

phong te t h a p k h 6 p x i i d n g d a u nhCfc, cSng c h a n

k h o a hoc la Carica papaya L . , thuoc ho D u d u

va CO chan sUng to, te b i , y e u m o i , cvL dong k h o

(Papayaceae); Con cay moc qua d u n g l a m thuoc

khan, tho ta, mieng kho khat...

t r o n g D o n g y c6 t e n k h o a hoc l a Chaenomeles lagenaria

(Lois.)

K o l d z , thuoc

Hoa

hong

(Rosaceae).

difdc d t m g p h o i hdp v 6 i x i i d n g ho, t r o n g ddn thuoc chQa d a u n h i i c , t h a p khcip. T h i d u , " R u d u

Moc qua (thuoc) l a m o t cay n h d , cao do 2-3m, c a n h CO gai, c a n h nho k h o n g c6 long, m a u n a u . L a CO cuong d a i 3-15mm, p h i e n l a h i n h t r t i n g h a y h i n h mac, d a i 2,5cm-14cm, r o n g l , 5 c m - 4 c m , m6p CO r a n g cifa, m a t t r e n m a u x a n h , n h S n ; m a t d\idi m a u t i m n h a t , m e n theo gan l a c6 long ngSn. L a k e m c6 h i n h d a n g va k i c h thiidc t h a y doi, d a i txi 2-2,5cm, r o n g tii 1-1,5cm, mep cGng CO r a n g cifa. H o a moc t h a n h c h i i m ci ke l a , cuong ngin.

T h d i x i i a , k h i ho con n h i e u , moc qua t h i f d n g

C a n h hoa m a u h o n g h a y m a u t r l n g . Qua

t h i t , h i n h cau h a y h i n h trijtng, d a i k h o a n g 8cm, m a u v a n g hay v a n g x a n h , k h i c h i n c6 m a u n a u , vo n h S n nheo; n h i n qua cung c6 h i n h d a n g n h i i t r a i d u d u , n h U n g nho h o n . M u a hoa: t h a n g 3-4

hd cot moc qua" gom xiJdng h d che 40g, moc qua 120g, x u y e n k h u n g 40g, x u y e n ngvfu t a t 40g, difdng quy 40g, t h i e n m a 40g, n g i i gia b i 40g, hong hoa 40g, tuc doan 40g,... n g a m v 6 i riJdu trfing. Co tac d u n g trii t h a p , t a n h a n , d u d i phong, g i a m d a u ; d u n g chQa phong te tha'p, t a y chan CO q u i p , d a u nhtic, mSt meo xech. H i e n t a i , moc qua t h u d n g diidc d i i n g de c h i i a d a u nhijtc n h u sau: - Chita

te thap,

chan,

dau

goi

dau

nhi2c:

D i i n g moc qua 16g, n g i i gia b i lOg, t h d phuc l i n h lOg, n g i f u t a t 8g; s&c nii6c u o h g t r o n g ngay. - ChUa dau

khdp

vai:

D u n g moc qua

16g,

m u a qua: t h a n g 9-10. V i thuoc "moc q u a " t r o n g

t a n g c h i (canh cay d a u tkm)

D o n g y, l a qua gan c h i n , p h d i h a y say k h o , cua

dudng quy 8g, x u y e n k h u n g 6g; s&c nxldc u o h g

cay moc qua nay.

t r o n g ngay.

162

rx Â«aS> 8&At>*Mi

lOg, que c h i 8g,

163

TAC DUNG OUY CUA "BACH HOA XA" VA "TAM BOP" + Hoi: Toi nay dd 75 tuoi, nhitng van thu&ng xuyen theo dot Tri Thicc Tre vi thdy c6 nhieu bo ich cho moi mat dci song, sink hoot hdng ngdy. Nay toi de nghi Tri Thitc Tre ciing cdc nhd nghien citu gidi ddp giup ve hai loqi cdy. (1) Cdy "bach hoa xd". Toi dd chiJcng kien, c6 ngudi diing cdy bach hoa xd chua hai ban tay l& ngvca (ndu nude ngdm) vd chUa cd chdn sung dau do bi ngd (gid ddp), tdc dung rat tot. Xin hoi cdy ndy c6 doc hai gi, c6 ud'ng duac khong? (2) Cdy "tdm bop", mpc hoang khdp noi, nhat Id de b& song Trd Ly: Toi dd chdng Men hai tru&ng hop, mot cu gid 80 tuoi, bi suy tim ndng, benh vien Viet Bun trd ve, chi cdn chd che't; vd chu em toi, bi suy tim do 3; dung cdy ndy sao ten, sac ud'ng, site khoe dd cdi thien tot. Toi mudn hoi, cdy tdm bop cdn c6 tdc dung gi khdc, c6 tdc dung phu, doc hai gi khong? + D5p: Cam dn bac. La t h u bac viet r^'t mach lac, ro r^ng, chQ viet n4n not va de doc, lai c6 ve ca hinh m i n h hoa. Nh^'t la da cho ban doc biet ve mot so tac dung k;^ dieu cua nhiJng cay sSn CO quanh nha, ma bac da tÂŁin m i t chting kien. Du6i day la mot so thong t i n ma bac quan tam: (1) Bach hoa xd:

Cay con c6 ten 1^ "bach

tuyet hoa", "cay chien" (Bic 164

1 4 , L^ing Sdn),

"cay duoi cong",... Ten khoa hoc Plumbago zeylanica L., thuoc ho Duoi cong (plumbaginaceae). Bach hoa xa la mot loai c6 song dai, cao hang xn6t, CO than re, than c6 dot va nh&n. La moc so le, hinh trUdng hudng dau nhon, phia cuohg hdi nhii 6m vao than, m6p nguyen, khong c6 long, nhiing mat dxidi hdi trSng nhat. Hoa mau trSng, moc thanh bong ci dau canh hay ke la; dai hoa CO long dai, nh6t. Trang dai gap 2 Ian dai. Mua hoa gan nhif quanh nSm, nhvfng nhieu nhat vao cac thang 5-6. De lam thuoc, ngiidi ta thifcJng dung canh, la hoac r l tvfdi, de lau kem tac dung. R l dao ve k h i kho c6 mau do nhat, mep ngoai sSm, CO nhflng ranh doc, phan trong mau nau, vi hSc va buon non. n r:---, ,,,v; th^nff Ket qua nghien ciJtu da phat hien tha'y, trong cay bach hoa xa, c6 mot chi't goi la plumbagin (hay plumbagon hoac ophloxylin). ChKt plumbagin c6 mui hSc va gay sung huyet da. Dung dich plumbagin trong nxidc tiem vao bung chuot t r i n g c6 chvfa se gay chet thai va roi loan buong triing. Tai A n Do, ngildi ta dung plumbagin chiet ttf r i bach hoa xa de dieu t r i khoi u ung thif thvtc nghiem tren chuot, lam giam 70%. Theo Dong y, bach hoa xa c6 v i ding chat, tinh am, c6 doc. Co tac dung t r ^ phong, tan vL, 165

g i a i doc, sat t r u n g . D u n g chQa phong t h a p khdp

lay qua a n dUdc) de d i p l e n cac v e t h u i , sau do

xUdng d a u nhijtc, h u y e t \i be k i n h , don nga chan

ngiidi t a dSp l e n do m o t l o a i l a k h o cua m o t cay

thvfcJng, u n g n h o t Icl n g t i a .

CO n h i i a chua

Cdch dung, lieu

dung:

r.godi:

Na'u nu6c

nia,

gia n a t

dap

h a y boi. Kieng

hoc,

r l cay nay l a m thuoc say t h a i : Cho uohg bot r l cay nay, h a y t a n m o t i t hot cho vao k h o a n g tvL cung, t h a i se t\i r a do b i k i c h t h i c h , n h i f n g h a y

ky: P h u nQ c6 t h a i k h o n g sii d u n g .

Cay bach hoa xd mdi chi ditdc sit dung yeu

d i n h dudc t e n k h o a

Niecca. T a i A n Do v a N h a t B a n , n g i i d i t a d u n g

Sac uohg: Tii 3-9g; Dicng

xac

n h i f n g d a n N i g i e r i a (chau Phi) da goi t e n l a cay

trong pham

nhQng b e n h

vi dan gian:

ngoai

da,

gay r a v i e m tvi cung, c6 k h i chet ngifdi. chii

6 nii6c t a con m o t cay nfla, dan g i a n thiicJng

L a m thuoc chQa

srt d u n g l a m thuoc nhiJ cay bach hoa xa, do l a

nhutng v e t

loet,

vet

cay duoi cong h a y x i c h hoa xa (Plumbago rosea

t h i i d n g . Thvfdng d u n g re h a y l a gia nho v 6 i cdm,

L.) cung ho. Cay nho, c6 t h a n ciing, t r e n c6 r a n h

t h a n h m o t t h i i hot nhao, dap l e n nhutng ndi

doc, n h l n . L a h i n h mac, h d i t u ci d a u , p h i a dif6i

siJng d a u . Co n d i sSc re, l a y nii6c boi ghe. L a

6m vao t h a n , d a i 10cm, r o n g 4cm h a y h d n . H o a

bach hoa xa gia n a t , dSp l e n cho da d a u b i choc

m a u do, moc t h a n h bong d a i d d a u canh, t r e n c6

\b da rtfa sach, h i t h a y nong t h i bo r a . Co the

k h i p h a n n h a n h , ohg t r a n g d a i gap 4 I a n ohg

sac uohg, n h i f n g can r a t t h a n t r o n g , k h o n g dung

dai. M o t so" ndi, ngiidi t a d u n g chQa d a u gan,

qua l i e u , v i cay c6 doc.

dau xUdng, l a m r a t h a i . T h U d n g d i i n g l a ; n e u

Theo cdc tdi lieu nUdc ngodi: Do n h i i a cua cay

dau xUdng dao l a y r l . L a xao a n difdc, a n n h i e u

bach hoa x a l a m c h a m s\l t h a n h seo, cho n e n

t h i t a y . N a u canh v 6 i g i a m hay c h a n h . U o h g do

m o t so" d a n c h a u P h i da dCing n h i i a cay n a y boi

mot b a t canh, sau 1 gid t h i d i ngoai, ngifoi

len cac h i n h ve t r e n ngifdi b a n g dao cao, de cho

k h o n g met; n e u m u o h t h o i d i ngoai, v6 l a wdi

h i n h n o i l e n , do c6 tac d u n g t a n g s i n h trifcing

nude l a n h uohg 1/2 chen, uong l a n h . T a i A n Do,

nhutng to chiic da b i r a c h . T a i m o t so nxidc chau

ngudi t a d u n g bot rยง cay x i c h hoa x a t r o n v 6 i

P h i , n h a n d a n d u n g hot rยง cay nay t r o n v 6 i c l ^ ' t

dau, de thoa bop nhutng ndi b i te t h a p va te l i e t .

n h a y cua m o t l o a i d a m b u t (Hibicus esculentus)

Con dCing chuta u n g t h i f , h u i v a m o t so" b e n h

CO n d i goi l a cay m\idp t a y (c6 t r o n g ci V i e t N a m

ngoai da khac.

166

167

(2) Cay tdm b6p: Theo nhQng t a i lieu chung toi CO trong tay: - Toan cay c6 v i M n g , t i n h mat, khong doc; c6 tac dung thanh nhiet, loi thap, trvi dam, chi khai, n h u y i n kien (lam mem chat rSn), tan ket. ThUdng dung chQa cam sot, yet hau sUng dau, ho nhieu ddm, phien nhiet non nac, dung 20-40g kho sSc uong. Qua c6 v i chua, t i n h binh; c6 tac dung IcJi tieu, tieu ddm; diing chiia ddm nhiet sinh ho, thuy thung, dSp ngoai chQa dinh sang. - Vie tac dung lam manh tim (ciidng tdm): Sach "Trung Duac dai tit dien" chi viet, qua cay "tam bop Nhat Ban" c6 tac dung lam manh t i m , nhUng r^'t yeu, khong c6 gia t r i ting dung. Trong k h i do, k i n h nghiem thUc te ma bac da chiing kien cho thay, toan cay sSc uohg c6 tac dung cUdng tam manh. N h u vay, do la mot kinh nghiem quy b dia phUdng bac. Mong se dUdc cac nha khoa hoc quan tam nghien cijtu them.

CHUA TRI TRi NCOAI BANC LA NCOl + Hoi: Toi bi tti ngogi dd nhieu nam, moi khi ngucri met nhgc hogc an nhUng thtJc cay nong. Id tri lai Idi ra. Uong tan duac thitrico ten, nhung rat met. Gdn day c6 nghe noi, diing Id cay ngoi dap, c6 the chiia khoi benh. Nhung toi khong Met hinh dang cua 168

\cdy ngoi nhu the'ndo, c6 di kiem khong? Mong duac ^'Thuoc vucrn nhd" chiddn cho biet. f

+ Dap: Cay ngoi moc hoang khSp cac t i n h mien Bac, thUdng gSp d bai hoang, nUdng rSy, ch6 nhieu anh nSng. Cay con c6 ten la "cay la", "la riing", "ca hoi", "chia voi", "pho hiic" (dan toe Tho), "da yen diep" (nghia la "thuoc la dai"), "gia yยงn diep" (thuoc la gia), "tho yen diep", "thach yen", "xCi yen", "dai vUdng diep", ... Ten khoa hoc la Solanum verbascifolium L., thuoc ho Ca (Solanaceae). Hinh dang: La loai cay nho hoSc cay nh6, cao khoang 2,5-5m, c6 k h i cao t6i 10m, canh non toa rong. Canh va la phu long day hinh sao, mau vang nhat hoac vang xam. La moc each, hinh thuon, hai d i u nhon, m6p nguyen, cuohg la dai 2-4em, ca hai mat deu c6 long min, mat du6i long dayhdn, hai mat la c6 mau khac nhau. Cum hoa hdp thanh xim, phan nhieu nhanh, phu day long nhung mem, trang hoa mau vang nhat, dUdng kinh 0,5-1,3cm, vdi 56 canh hoa hinh miii mac, dau nhon. Qua nho, mong, hinh cau, dUdng kinh khoang 6mm; ben trong rat nhieu hat c6 van mang, dUdng kinh 2mm. La cay k h i v6 c6 m u i thdm phang phat nliU miii hong bi. Theo Dong y, canh la cay ngoi c6 v i cay, t i n h binh. Co tac dung sat triing, tieu thiing, chi buyet ( c i m mau); Diing chiia ung nhot sUng 169

thung, thong phong (gut), phu nQ bang huyet,

hong thay tai phat, c6 benh n h a n dom loi 4-

don nga ton thiidng, dau rang, loa lich (svTng

5cm, cung dildc chQa khoi.

hach ci co), thap chan (eczema), viem da, tinh

. ChQa tinh hodn sitng dau: Dung la ngoi gia nat, tron v6i niidc tieu, sao nong, d i p vao tinh hoan, dong khD'hoac bim de co'dinh.

hoan sUng dau... D a n gian thifdng dung l a ngoi tiidi chQa 16i dom, hac lao, san trau bo. T a i mot so'nufdc khac, la ngoi difdc dung chiJa tieu tien due va phu nu k h i hif. T a i Malaixia, thifdng dung l a tvfdi gia nat, dap len h a i ben thai difdng, de chQa nhtic dau; con dung nxidc s i c cua r l , de chQa nhQng

. ChUa thong phong (gut) dau nhitc: L a ngoi tiidi liidng thich hdp, gia nat, tron v6i rvfdu sao nong, d i p vao cho siing dau. . Chi^a hdc lao:

D u n g l a ngoi tildi, v6 lay

nxidc, cha'm vao ve't h i e lao da r ^ a sach.

cdn dau kich liet trong ngUdi va nhutng roi loan

. ChO^a ngita: Dung canh la, na'u nxidc t i m r ^ a .

sau buta an. Trong thu y, la thai nho cho vao 16

. Chi/a thap chan (eczema): Dung canh la tildi gia nat d i p hoac na'u nu6c r ^ a . Hoac cung c6 the dung la kho tan bot, r i c vao ch6 bi benh.

mui ngvfa chQa ngUa bi xo mui. Cdch dung, lieu dung:

Uong trong: Tiif 3-9g,

s i c niidc uong. Dung ngoai: Na'u nu:6c rvia, gia d i p hoac gia nat sao v6i rifdu cho nong roi d i p . Mot sd'cdch sit dung cu the: . ChQa trl ngoai (Ibi dom):

Diing l a ngoi

tiidi, n g i t bo cuong va gan, gia nat, sao nong dit vao ch6 loi dom sau k h i da rijta sach bing nvfdc am. C u n g c6 the de nguyen la, up vao dom hay nUdng chay la, vo l a i cho vao hau mon. Nen l a m vao buoi toi triidc k h i di ngu d<

B6P BdP (CO LAO) ^ SAT TRUNC, TIEU SUNG, CAM MAU + Hoi:

Cdch ddy khong Idu, trong mot Idn di cong

tdc, cdch xa benh vien, toi dd bi viem ruot rat nqng, bung dau quan, dai tien lien tuc vd ra rat nhieu mdu, mu... Toi dd diing may thit thudc mang theo, nhitng

t r a n h di l a i . N h i e u nam trifdc, B e n h vien Ha

khong khoi. May Id, khi do toi dd duoc mot bd cu

G i a n g da ap dung thif k i n h nghiem nay, thay

chUa cho khoi benh, bang mot thiJc cay a ngay gdn

ket qua ra't tot. B e n h n h a n tri ngoai thifdng

nhd. Ve sau, khi duffc bd cu chi cho thit cay do, toi

khoi ra't nhanh, di l a i binh thifdng, 2-3 nam

thdy no rat giong loai cay md th&i trudc & que toi

170

171

thu&ng u Idm phdn xanh, gpi Id "bop bdp". Toi viet thu nay ke Iqi su viec vd mong dupe "Thuo'c vu&n nhd" thong tin cho biet, cdy b&p bop c6 doc khong? Ngodi tdc dung chQa viem rupt, cdn c6 the si dung de chUa nhOng benh gi? + Dap: Cay "b6p bdp", thifcfng goi la "cay c6 lao", con CO ten "c6 tau bay", "hiidng trach Ian", " d a n quoc thao", "phi cap thao", "nha ba bong"... ten khoa hoc la Eupatorium odoratum L. Do la loai c6 song lau nam, cao chifng l-2m, than CO ranh, i t phan nhanh. Thiidng moc thanh bui, phat trien rat nhanh va t a i sinh r a t manh. Than va canh d e u c6 long nhifng m a u vang. Canh la vd c6 m u i thdm. La moc doi, hinh tnjtng nhon, mep c6 rang cUa to khong deu, dai 3-10cm, v6i 3 gan noi ro tvt goc, hai mat deu ci long. Hoa tU, mau hong hoac mau trSng, m o c thanh cum hinh ngu, c6 la h i e . Qua be hinl thoi, 5 canh, c6 long. Cay moc dai ci cac bai, gan cac njfng thiia, nha nong thildng dung lam phan xanh. Toan cay C l i n g difdc dung lam thuoc. Theo Dong y, c6 lao c6 v i hdi cay, t i n h a'm, c6 doc. Co tac dung tan xl, tieu thGng, sat trCinp chi huyet (cam mau). Dung chi3a phong te thap khdp xUdng dau nhiic, don nga sUng dau, kiet li ia chay, mun nhot let lo6t ngoai da, vet thildng chay mau. 172

Ket qua nghien ciiu hien dai cho tha'y: Toan cdy CO chiita t i n h d i u , alcaloid, tanin. Nxidc s&c CO lao CO tac dung khang khuan, iic che doi v6i vi khuan gay mu tren vet thiidng va triic t r u n g l i Shigella. Lieu diing: 6-12g, s^c nvf6c uong. CM y: Cay c6 doc, uong qua Ueu c6 the b i trung doc, vdi nhQng trieu chiing nhif dau d i u , chong mat, buon non. C6 the dung c6 Ida de phdng tri mdt s6 chAng binh nhusau: . ChUa dau nhitc xi/cfng: Dung c6 lao 8g tUdi, day dau xifdng 12g, sao vang, sic nxidc uohg trong ngay. . ChSa li tri/c trung vd ia chay: Dung 12g c6 lao she lay nu6c, pha them dudng, chia 3 Ian uong trong ngay. . ChvCa don ngd siXng dau, chay mau: Dung la CO lao tUdi, lUdng thich hdp, v6 nat dSp hoSc gia dap vao vet thildng. Co tac dung giam dau, chong sifng, e l m mau, giiip vet thUdng chong I^nh ra't tot. . Phong dia cdn: Trif6c k h i loi xuong nU6c, hai canh la c6 lao, gia vat la'y nu6c cot, boi xoa khap chan dui. . ChQa mau chay khong ngitng do bi dia, vat can: V6 la c6 lao xat vao t h i cam ngay. 173

D U N G LA N H O I C H U A L 6 N C U A + Hoi: Gdn day, toi c6 nghe mot so cu gid noi, tren cdc du&ng pho Hd Npi co trong nhieu cdy nhpi, CO the dang chiia benh ngodi da vd phu khoa rat tot. De nghi "Thuoc vu&n nhd" cho Met, cdy nhpi c6 hinh dang nhu the ndo vd hu&ng ddn cho each dung chaa benh trong gia dinh. + Dap: Nhoi la loai cay to, c6 the cao t6i hdn 20m. La kep gom 3 la chet hinh t r i i n g hay hinh mac rong, mep c6 rang ciia t u , dai 8-15cm, dau la chet nhon, day la chet cung nhon; cuohg chung dai t6i 7-10cm. Cum hoa moc ci ke la. Hoa ddn t i n h , khac goc, nho, mau luc nhat; hoa d^Jc CO 5 la dai, 5 nhi, hoa cai cung c6 5 la dai; hin 3 6, moi 6 chiia 2 noan. Qua thit, hinh cau, difdng k i n h 1-1,5cm, mau nau hay hong nhat, v i chat, chiia 2-3 hat mau nau; v6 qua trong dai. Miia hoa: Cuoi xuan dau ha. Cay nhoi con c6 mot so' ten goi khac, nhiJ "thu phong", "6 diidng", "xich moc", "bich hdp", "trong diidng moc", "may phat" (Tay), "hi puong diang" (Dao). Qua nhoi giong nhif qua cdm nguoi, nen CO ngifdi con goi la "cay cdm nguoi". Ten khoa hoc la Bischofia trifoliata (Roxb.) Hook.f., thuoc ho t h ^ u dau (Euphorbiaceae). Cay nhoi moc hoang trong rutng va diidc trong lay bong mat b 174

^ 6 t so thanh pho ntf6c ta, Ha Noi trong rat nhieu, nhat la ci quan Ba Dinh. Thdi xUa, la nhoi non thufdng diidc dung de an goi ca. T i i vai chuc nam gan day, bat dau dtfdc nghien ciiu sxi dung lam thuoc, dung chiia b$nh ia chay, lei ngiia ngoai da, phu n i i nhieu khi hif, viem am dao do t r i i n g roi am dao. Nam 1963, Bo mon Ky sinh t r i i n g Trifdng Dai hoc Y dvfdc Ha Noi nghien ciiu c6 he thong nhQng v i thuoc CO kha nang t r i i giun san va cac ky sinh triing khac, phat hien th^y la nhoi c6 tac dung ra't manh doi v6i triing roi (Trichomonas vaginalis). Da ap dung^dieu t r i t h i nghiem benh ia chay cua k h i do l i triic triing, ket qua khoi dat 88%. Dxing chiia k h i hxi do t r i i n g roi ci phu nii, dat ket qua tot, doc t i n h rat thap. Trong dieu kien gia dinh, c6 the sut dung la nlioi duoi h i n h thiic thuoc sic hay che thanh cao, de chiia t r i mot so' chiing benh sau: • ChiCa li, ia chay: Dung 40-60g la, s&c niidc uohg trong ngay. • Chiia di iJCng, mun nhgt Id ngvta, ghe ruoi: Diing la nhoi 2 phan, nghe ram 1 phan, nau nu6c. Tam k h i n\idc con nong va dung ba xat Vao nhutng cho da hi benh. • Chaa khi hU, viem dm dao do triing roi: tiling la nhoi 20-40g la tiidi (hoSc 8-15g la kho), s^c uohg thay niJdc trong ngay. Dong thdi, c6 175

t h e na'u n\idc l a n h o i , t h e m vao n h u m

phen

chua de n g a m rvta. C u n g c6 t h e n a u t h a n h cao, cho t i e n svL d u n g n h i i sau: 1kg l a n h o i , n a u v6i nildc n h i e u l l n ; loc l a y nxidc, c6 dac con 50ml, ca't t r o n g t u l a n h de d u n g d a n , h a n g ngay d i i n g bong tha'm cao thuoc, boi vao a m dao 2-3 l i n .

Theo D o n g y, t y qua iac c6 v i ngot, t i n h b i n h , vao 3 k i n h phe, v i va can. Co tac d u n g hoat h u y e t , trijf phong, t h o n g k i n h lac. T h u d n g d u n g chuta p h o n g t h a p khdp xUdng d a u nhijtc, gan mach CO r i i t , da t h i t te d a i , don nga sifng d a u , ngiic sifdn te d a u , san p h u tSc sQa, s i i n g v i i va dai t i e n r a m a u . K e t qua n g h i e n c l i u dudc l y h i e n d a i

cho

t h a y , do'i v 6 i he t h a n k i n h t r u n g Udng: Xd miidp

TAC DUNG CHUA BENH CUA Xd MLf6P

CO tac d u n g a n t h a n , g i a m d a u ; D o i v 6 i he ho hap:

tac

d u n g chong ho, trijf ddm,

binh

suyen; ngoai r a con c6 tac d u n g chong v i e m , + Hoi: Toi nghe mot sd' ngudi ndi, xff mu&p cung Id mot vi thuoc chSa benh. Toi mqnh dan vie't thi. nay, mong dugc "Thuoc vu&n nhd" thdng tin chc biei, c6 dung xff mu&p cung cd thi dung de chue benh hay khong? Neu dung thi chiia benh gi, vd each si dung nhu thendo? + D a p : X d mu6p l a m o t v i thuoc da dUcfc s i d u n g t r o n g d a n g i a n va D o n g y txi r a t l a u ddi

bao ve te bao gan, dieu t i e t m i i n dich va chong di l i n g . T r e n t h i i c te, xd miidp t h i i d n g difdc B\i d u n g de chiia t r i m o t so'chiing benh n h i f sau: • CMa

ngita

siCdn dau

tvtc, da

'"u

kho

ngiia:

D u n g x d mifdp 8g, t a n g c h i (canh d a u tSm) 12g, sac nifdc uohg. • Chita sot dm dai dang:

D i i n g xd mvTdp 8g,

T r o n g cac sach thuoc D o n g y h i e n d a i , xd miidp

kirn n g a n hoa lOg, sfic nifdc uong t h a y t r a t r o n g

v6i t e n goi l a " t y qua lac", dvfdc xep t r o n g nhon

ngay.

cac v i thuoc chijta t r i p h o n g t h l i p . De c6 v i thuo; " t y qua lac", k h i qua mv(6p gia, v6 da v a n g pha t h i t qua ben t r o n g da k h o , t h i h a i ve. L o a i bo v ngoai, t h i t qua va h a t ; r ^ a sach, p h d i hofic sa kho. K h i

d u n g t h a i t h a n h tijfng doan, thUdng

d u n g song, c6 k h i sao v a n g hoSic sao den. 176

• Chaa

^, ho nhieu ddm do phenhiet:

ttnidp 8g, qua l a u lOg, sic t r o n g ngay. • ChUa viem phe qudn,

D u n g xd

nxidc uong t h a y t r a .s.v,. .y^^^.a , v ^ suyen

thd:

ftiudp 8g, t a n g b i (v6 re d a u tkm)

D i i n g xd 12g, h a n h 177

n h a n 8g, sic v 6 i 3 0 0 m l sQa d a u n a n h t r o n g 30

jnot l o a i cay nho song h ^ n g n a m hoac n h i e u

p h u t . C h i a r a 2 I a n uohg t r o n g ngay.

n a m ; c6 the cao l , 5 - 2 m . T h a n va canh t h i l d n g c6

• Chiia chdn dau, goi yeu: D u n g xd miidp 8g, n g i l u t a t lOg, skc mldc uong t r o n g ngay. <W« ChQa cdc dai tien xudt huyei:

Xd mii6p

t h i e u t o n t i n h (ben ngoai chay den ben t r o n g v&n givi nguyen m a u thuo'c), t a n t h a n h hot, moi I a n uohg 2g, ngay 3 I a n .

m a u t i a , c6 long quap. L a c6 cuohg d a i , t h u o n h i n h mac h a y h i n h t r i i n g , d a i l - 5 c m , mep c6 r a n g cifa, 2 m a t deu c6 long. Hoa m a u t i m , moc t h a n h c h u m , xep t h a n h tving vong tii 6 den 8 chiec t r e n c h u m ; i t k h i p h a n n h a n h . L a v a hoa v6 r a C O m u i t h d m d i n h h i i d n g . Cay nay t h i i d n g diidc t r o n g l a m thuoc q u a n h n h a . (2) Cay hi/cfng nhu trdng,

con goi l a "e I d n

la", t e n khoa hoc l a O c i m u m g r a t i s s m u m L .

T H A N T R O N G K H I D U N G Hl/dNG NHU

Hifdng n h u t r f i n g thiJdng cao h d n h i i d n g n h u

CHUA CAM NANG

t i a . L a moc do'i, c6 cuohg, p h i e n la d a i 5-10cm, h i n h t r i i n g n h o n , p h i a cuong t h o n , mep k h i a t a i

+ Hoi: T6i nghe cdc cu gia noi, huffng nhu Id vi thuo'c chica cam mqo mua he rat tot. The nhung gdn day, mot Idn toi di ndng ve bi cam mqo, ra vudn hdi nam Id hitffng nhu sac uong thi benh Iqi ndng them.

beo h a y c6 r a n g ciia t h o , t r e n gan c h i n h cua l a CO long. Hoa nho moc t h a n h x i m ddn 6 hoa, xep t h a n h c h u m , doi k h i 6 p h i a difdi c6 p h a n n h a n h . H a c h nho h i n h cau. H a t k h o n g nci va k h o n g c6

Rat mong "Thuo'c vu&n nhd" gidi ddp cho biet, phdi

chat n h a y bao q u a n h k h i cho vao nxidc. H i i d n g

chdng nhdn dinh cua cdc cu Id sai? Co the si dung

n h u t r a n g c6 h a m l i f d n g t i n h d a u cao h d n h i i d n g

huffng nhu dichiJca tri nhung loqi benh gi?

n h u t i a , nen m i i i hac v a k h o uohg. C h u y e u diidc k h a i thac de cat t i n h d a u .

+ D a p : Triidc het, cay h i i d n g n h u ci n\ldc t a c6

T r o n g Dong y, h i f d n g n h u diidc xep vao n h o m

2 l o a i : H i i d n g n h u t i a va hUdng n h u t r S n g , difdc

cac v i thuoc chiJa ngoai cam. Theo D o n g

s\i d u n g l a m thuo'c v 6 i cung cong dung.

hiJdng n h u c6 v i cay, t i n h h d i a m , vao 3 k i n h

(1) Hitang nhu tia, d m i e n T r u n g va m i e n

phe, t y va v i . Co tac d u n g l a m r a mo h o i , chiJa

N a m t h i f d n g goi l a "e riiCng" h a y "e t i a " , t e n k h o a

cam mao, g i a m sot, I d i t h a p h a n h t h u y . D u n g

hoc l a O c i m u m s a n c t u m L . H u d n g n h u t i a l a

chiia m u a he b i cam nSng, hoac d i m i i a b i

178

179

n h i i m lanh ngiidi phat sot phat ret, dau nhiic, bung dau, mieng non, thuy thung, di ia long, chay mau cam... Lieu diing: Ngay dung 3-8g. Kieng ky/. NhQng ngiJdi am hif va k h i hu khong dung difdc. Ve cau hoi v i sao ban b i cam n i n g , uong hiidng nhu benh cang nang them, xin lilu y van de nhvt sau: Cam n i n g (thiiOng thic) difdc Dong y chia thanh 2 loai: "Dumg thii" va "Am thu;". Difdng t h ^ la cam phai nSng nong, do di diJdng xa, lam viec lau dildi trdi n l n g nong... gay nen. "DiJdng thvC' CO nhQng bieu hien cua "chting nhiet", phai dung cac v i thuoc mat, nhii k i m ngan, rau ma, s i n day, la tre... de chQa t r i . Con "Am thil" la trong ngay he ning nong, dem ngu ngoai trdi cho dd nong, uong qua nhieu niidc lanh, niidc da, an qua nhieu nhQng t h i i rau qua song lanh,... khien cho "han khi" cam nhiem vao cd the ma gay nen benh. Trai vdi trildng hdp tren, "Am thii", c6 nhQng bieu hien cua "chufng han", de chuta can dung nhiing v i thuoc cay am nhif hifdng nhu, tia to, hoac hiidng... de chiia t r i . Sach thuoic Dong y xiia thifdng viet: Hifdng nhu la thuoc giai cam trong he (Ha nguyet giai bieu chi diidc); hoac la;

MCia he dung hiidng nhu, giohg nhii mua dong dung ma hoang (Ha nguyet chi dung hiCOng nhu, CO dong nguyet chi dung ma hoang).

180

Nhif vay k h i noi "hifdng nhu la v i thuoc dung chuta cam mao mua he", can hieu do la cam mao the "am thvf" - do n h i i m lanh trong mua he - vdi nhflng trieu chijtng nhii: Sd lanh, phat sot, dau dau, khong ra mo hoi, bung day, chan an, 1dm giong non miia, ia chay... Mot so don thuoc tieu bieu cd sv^dung Huang nhu: - HiCang nhu dm: Hiidng nhu 8g, hau phac 6g, bach bien dau 12g, sic ntfdc uong. Tdc dung: ChQa miia he bi cam do nhiem gio lanh, uong qua nhieu t h d nifdc mat, hoac bi cam nSng dan den ngildi phat sot, sd lanh, dau dau, ngvtc day, khong mo hoi. - Chaa cam nang non mi(a ia chay hoac do miia he dn qud nhieu cdc thi2 song lanh: Hifdng nhu 12g, tia to (la va canh) 9g, moc qua 9g, sic nifur uong trong ngay. - Chita tre nho uiem diCdng ho hdp tren: Hifdng nhu, hole hifdng, kinh gidi, ban ha, phuc linh, dang sam, hoang cam - moi lOg, cam thao 5g; sic vdi nifdc, chia thanh 4-6 l l n uong trong ngay. >; - Chiia cam lanh, phdt sot, thd td, nhric dau, dau bung, chdn tay lanh ngdt, buon bite: Hifdng nhu 500g, hau phac (tam gifng nifdng) 200g, bach bien dau (sao vang) 2.000g, tat ca 3 v i tan nho tron deu; moi Ian diing lOg, pha vdi nifdc dun soi uong. Co the diing tdi 20g. 181

- Chu:a cam trong

4 mua (tit thdi cam

mao):

Dong y. Vdy mong duac "Thuoc

vu&n nhd" giai dap

HiJcing n h u t a n nho, m 6 i I a n d u n g 8g, p h a v6i

cho Met, cay bu&m bqc c6 the sAdung

niidc soi h a y d u n g r i i d u h a m nong m a chieu

chAng benh gi?

thuoc; uong vao mo h o i r a diidc l a k h o i b e n h .

+ D a p : B i f d m bac

de chua

l a t h t f cay

moc

nhung

hoang

D u n g la hiidng

k h i p n d i , t h i f d n g gap ci cac doi n i i i , t r o n g rijfng

n h u t i f d i m o t nSm, gia nho, che' t h e m niidc soi,

t h i i a , v e n rijfng, ch6 a m , sang, suot tu! cac t i n h

v l t lay niidc cot uong, ba dSp l e n d a u , t r a n , va

p h i a B i c n h i f Cao B i n g , L a n g Sdn, L a o C a i ,

h a i ben t h a i dvfdng. N e u sot c6 mo h o i t h i t h e m

Hoa B i n h . . . cho

cu san day t i f d i 20g, cung gia vSt niidc uong.

C O t e n k h a c , n h u " b i i d m b u d m " , "hoa b i i d m " ,

- Chita

cam

- ChiJta phii

soi nhitc ddu:

thung,

tieu tien do, khong

hoi: H i i d n g n h u 9g, b a c h mao can (r§ c6 t r a n h ) 30g, i c h m l u t h a o 12g, s i c nifdc u o n g t h a y t r a

"ngoc

diep

t d i t a n D o n g N a i . Cay

k i m hoa",

"bda

chufa"

con

(Thai)...;

Ten k h o a hoc l a - M u s s a e n d a pubescens A i t . f., ho Ca phe (Rubiaceae).

S{„JV.J:>C'•

v..

B i f d m bac l a l o a i cay go nho, cao l - 2 m , moc

t r o n g ngay. - ChQa hoi mieng:

H i i d n g n h u l O g sSc v6i

2 0 0 m l niidc. D u n g sue m i e n g va n g a m . - Chita tre con cham moc toe: H i i d n g n h u 40g, s i c v d i 2 0 0 m l niidc, c6 dac, t r o n v 6 i m d I d n , boi len dau.

t r i f d n , m a n g r a t n h i e u c a n h ; c a n h n o n c6 l o n g m i n . L a n g u y e n , moc doi, d a i 4-9cm, r o n g 1,54,5cm, m a t t r e n c6 m a u x a n h luc t h a m , m a t dudi m a u n h a t h d n va doi k h i c6 l o n g ; l a k e m h i n h sdi. C u m hoa h i n h x i m n g u , moc ci d a u canh. Hoa m a u v a n g , c6 5 l a d a i . T r o n g so' 5 l a dai, C O

1 la phat trien t h a n h ban Idn, m a u

t r a n g c6 cuo'ng d a i , n e n n g i f d i t a t h i f d n g tiicing lam r i n g

T A C D U N G CHQA BENH •

C U A C A Y BirdM B A C

Toi thay mot so ngudi noi khdc thudng

den

khai thdc, noi rang mang ve ban cho cac nhd thudc

182

m a u t r i n g . Giuta

vang, n h i n tvL xa n h i i d a n b u d m t r i n g d a n g b a u

+ H o i : Vung que toi cay bit&m bqc moc hoang rat nhieu.

do l a c a n h hoa

nhQng c h u m l a t r i n g do, c6 n h Q n g hoa m a u

Vao c h u m hoa, n e n m d i c6 t e n l a "bvfdm bac". Do C O hoa v a n g , l a t r i n g , n e n con goi c6 t e n l a "ngoc diep k i m hoa" (ngoc diep = l a t r i n g n h i i ngoc, k i m hoa = hoa vang). Cay c6 q u a m o n g , 183

dai 6-9mm, rong 6-7mm, mau den, c6 gan doc tren qua, nhSn, v6i rat nhieu hat nho, mau den, mat h i n h mang. Bo phan dung Idm thuoc: Than, v6, canh, la va re deu c6 the sxi dung lam thuoc. T h u hai ve phdi hay say kho, bao quan ndi kho thoang dung dan, noi chung khong phai che bien gi khac. Ngoai cay h\idm bac Mussaenda pubescens noi tren, dan gian con dung nhieu loai Mussaenda khac, cung mang ten "bii6m bac" nhif "hxidm bac qua nang" (Mussaenda dehiscens Craib), "hMdm bach Camphuchia" (Mussaenda cambodiana Pierre),... v6i cung tac dung. Theo Dong y, hxidm bac c6 v i hdi ngot, tinh mat. Co tac dung thanh nhiet, Ivfdng huyet, giai bieu, k h a i uat, hoa ly, tieu viem. Tai Viet Nam ta, dan gian thiidng dung lam thuoc giam dau, chQa te thap, chQa ho, bach d6i. Tai Trung Quoc, thvfdng dung chQa cam mao, so mui, say ning, viem k h i quan, siing amygdal, viem hau hong; viem than phii thung, viem ruot ia chay; chay mau txi cung, rin ckn; viem muxia. Lieu diing: 15-30g dang thuoc sic. Mot so bat thuoc c6 siidung bu&m bac - Phong

ngiia say nang: Dung bu6m bac

60-90g, sac nv(6c uong thay tra. 184

- Cam mao, say nang: Dung 1 n^m la (30g), sSc uong. Hoac dung la kho, ham nuldc soi uohg nhii tra. Neu l a say nSng nang, toat nhieu mo hoi: Dung lOOg la, nau v6i 2 lit nif6c. Dung nif6c con nong, pha vdi t r a dam, v6i dvfdng, uong nhieu Ian.

- ChQa sot miia he, den giai doan hon me, kho khdt, tdo hon, dai sen, tan dich kho kiet: Diing re hxidm bac 60g, hanh tarn 20g, deu sao vang, sic uong 1 thang t h i dai tieu tien thong

Idi, sot lui, nuo't difdc. Thong thUdng, uohg het thang t h i i hai thi t i n h . Ba thang t h i het sot, kn uohg difdc. - Si/ng amygdal, ho, soi: Dung hxidm bac 30g, huyen sam 20g, re bo may lOg, sac nxidc uong. - Chaa phong thap khdp xilcfng dau nhiic: (1) Re bu6m bac 10-20g, sac uong. Hoac dung canh va rยง bifdm bac 30g, cot toai bo 30g, tho phuc linh 30g, thien nien kien 30g, bach chi 20g; sac uong. Dong thdi dCing la tifdi gia dap ndi sUng dau.

Phil, giam nieu, do viem than: DCing than hxidm bac 30g (hoac canh la 40g), day k i m ngan tUdi 20g, ma de 30g, sSc nxidc uohg. - ChiJta khi hit bach ddi: sSc uohg.

hxidm bac 10-20g,

- Viem Id da: La bii6m bac tiidi, la mif6p txidi ^ildap. 185

thuoc bo, con day m a t i e n t h i i d n g c h i dxing h a t .

LONG NHA THAO CHUA CAC CHUNG XUAT HUYET + Hoi: Nam ngodi trong thai gian cong tdc Kan,

V i vay, cay thuoc cu gia da &\1 d u n g chiia benh cho b a n , n h i e u k h a n a n g l a l o n g n h a thao. aBdc

mot horn di ndng ve, tdi thd'y ngitdi met Id vu

mdu mui chdy ra rat nhieu. Di khdm, duffc cho uon^ may loai tan duac, nhung ngudi vdn rat met vd mdu mui vdn chdy ra ngdy 4-5 Idn. May horn sau, tdi dupe mot cu gid ngudi Tdy hdi cho nam Id bdo gid ndt vai lay nude ud'ng. Sau khi uong thd'y ngudi rat di chiu,

L o n g n h a thao la loai co song l a u n a m , cao 0,50-1,50m; toan t h a n co vach doc va m a n g long trang, n h i e u canh. T h a n r l moc ngang, diidng k i n h CO the dat t d i 1cm. D a u m u a he cay d a m mam, moc r a n h i e u canh, la s u m se. L a moc so le, kep long c h i m , r i a le; la chet h i n h tnjtng d a i , mep CO r a n g cifa to. C a n h n h i i n g la chet to, c6

vd sud't ngdy hom do mdu tit mui cUng khong chdy ra

nhieu l a chet nho. L a chet to d a i chrfng 6cm,

nita. Hai ngdy tiep do, mSi hom Iqi ud'ng them mot

rong chijfng 2,5cm; la chet nho co k h i chi d a i

Idn nhu vay, thi benh khoi hdn. Tdi den cam an va

5mm. Ca h a i m a t la deu m a n g n h i e u long. Hoa

duac cu gid cho Met, tharcdy chiia khoi benh cho tdi o

nho moc t h a n h c h u m moc ci d a u canh hoac ke l a .

dia phuang goi Id "mq tin an". Rat mong

"Thuoc

Canh hoa m a u vang. Qua gom 2-3 qua be, hoc

vu&n nhd" gidi ddp cho biet, cdy "mq lin an" con co

xung q u a n h bdi de hoa co d a i ci mep t r e n . P h a n

nhUng tdc dung gi khdc, khi dting co gay tdc duti;^

tren m a t dat cua cay dUdc s\i d u n g la thuoc vdi

phu hay khong?

ten "Long nha thao", hoac " T i e n hac thao". T h u hai ve c&t ngSn, d u n g t i i d i hoac say kho.

+ Dap: Theo cac d i e u t r a ve difdc l i e u , ci vun^T K a n , co 3 cay r a t khac n h a u , diidc cac t h ^ y

Bic

thuoc ngifdi d a n toe goi c i i n g mot t e n la " M a lin an". Do la: (1) Cdy "Hd thu 6 trdng", hoc:

Streptocaulen

juventas

t e n khoa

(Lour.)

Merr.

(2) Cdy "Long nha thao", A g r i m o n i a pilosa ledeb v a r nepalesis (D. Don) N a k a i ; (3) Ddy md tien Strychnos u m b e l l a t a (Lour.) M e r r . H a t h u 6 t r i n g c h u yeu diidc che b i e n de Ian 186

â&#x20AC;˘' '

T r o n g Y hoc co t r u y e n , l o n g n h a thao difdc xep vao l o a i thuo'c "chi h u y e t " (cam mau). Theo Dong y, long n h a thao c6 v i d i n g chat, t i n h a m , vao 4 k i n h t a m , phe, can v a t h a n . Co tac d u n g cam m a u , d i i n g chiJa l i , sot r e t va boi d i i d n g cd the.

D a n g i a n t h u d n g sxL d u n g long n h a t h a o

lam thuoc cam m a u , chiia t h o h u y e t , k h a i h u y e t (ho r a m a u ) , nuc h u y e t (do m a u cam), d i l i p h a n Ian m a u , sot r e t va m u n n h o t lei loet ngoai da. 187

Tren lam sang, thifdng difdc svL dung chQa cac benh nhii ban xuat huyet do giam tieu c i u , ban xuat huyet do di xing, benh Ua chay mau (huyo! hQu benh - hemophilia), xuat huyet dtfdng tieij hoa, xuat huyet diidng tiet nieu, xuat huyet tu cung... Lieu dung hang ngdy: 6-15g, dxidi dang thuoc sac; mot so" triidng hdp c6 the sxi dung lieu cao hdn. Tai mot so'dia phiJdng, dau xuan ngUdi ta hai la long nha thao non, chan qua n\i6c sol, tiep d;; dung nUdc sach riia vai Ian de t r ^ bo v i dknii chat, sau do xao chin, lam mon an trong bfla cdm thay rau. do c6 the thay, long nha thao c6 doc tinh tifdng doi thap. Tuy nhien, da la tac dung, can sii dung dung ngUdi diing benh, m6i c6 the tranh dUdc tac dung phu ngoai sii mong muoh. Mot sobdi

- Chiia ia chay do li trUc triing: Long nha jhao 15-20g, sSc lay niJdc, hoa them 25g dUdng trang, chia ra uong 3 Ian trong ngay. < - Chiia noi hach, trang nhac: Dung long nha thao 20g, nghe den 12g, ngilu tat lOg, xa can lOg, huyen sam 12g, sSc uong. - ChiJta mun nhgt Id loet sitng dau: Long nha thao 30-60g, sSc vdi niia niidc nijta rvfdu uong; Ngoai diing long nha thao tiidi tron mat ong gia nat, dap vao cho hi benh. - Chita ngiia dm dao do triing roi: Long nha thao liidng thich hdp, sic ky, chat lay nxidc, che thanh cao long 200% (1ml cao tiJdng diidng 2g diidc lieu). Moi ngay diing bong y te tham cao thuoc boi vao am dao 1 Ian; lieu t r i n h 7 ngay. ',. f,.

C O THE DUNG CHE VANG

thuoc co dung long nha thao:

- Chita cdc chi2ng xuat huyet (do mau cam, ho ra mau, dai tieu tien ra mau...): Dung long nha thao tifdi mot nkm to (30-50g), them niidc da dun soi, gia vat lay nif^c uong. Hoac dung lonu^ nha thao kho 15g sSc niidc uong. - ChQa ban xuat huyet do gidm tieu cdu: Dung long nha thao 20g, dan bi lOg, sinh din lOg, k i m ngan hoa 12g, c6 nho noi lOg, sic nxioc uong trong ngay.

GIAM B E O BUNG? + Hoi:

Tdi bi bee bung da nhieu nam, dd co gang

luyen tap mat nhung bung van to nhu bung bd bdu. Gdn day tdi nghe noi, diing Id day cam van sac nude ^dng, sau khodng

mot thdng bung se nho lai nhu

ftgudi binh thu&ng. Tdi mud'n dp dung thvc, nhung khdng biet cay cdm van kiem hoac mua a dau, vd ^dng nhu vay co tac hai doi vdi sice khoe hay khdng?

189

188

+ Dap: "Day cam v a n " thifc r a l a mot t e n gp] k h a c cua cay "che vSng", cay con c6 r a t nhie\ t e n goi khac, n h i f "che

ciidc m a n " , "cay

dam

t r S n g " , "day vSng", "mo se", "day v a n g t r a n g " . "bach hoa t r a " , "gia to h i n h " . T e n k h o a hoc 1;, Jasminum

subtriplinerve

Blume.

Thuoc

N h a i (Oleaceae).

vSng de d a n re va d a n h day t h i i n g , v i

day

v&ng vijfa deo l a i d a i . De s\i d u n g l a m thuoc, c6 t h e h a i l a q u a n h nam, d i i n g t i i d i h a y p h d i kho de d a n h . Dac

biet lUu y:

Can r a t t h a n trong, t r a n h

nhfim l ^ n cay che v S n g v 6 i cay " l a n g o n " - m o t cay ciic doc, c h i c^n a n 3 chiec l a n g o n , l a d u

Che v a n g l a mot cay nho, t h i f d n g t h a y cay

chet n g i i d i . L a n g o n con c6 t e n l a " d o a n t r i f d n g

moc t h a n h b u i ci bd rao h a y b u i t r e , hoac bam

thao" v i ngUdi t a cho r i n g , a n l a n g o n d i i t r u o t

vao cac

thanh

ma chet. N h i n t h o a n g qua, cay che v & n g v a

tCfng dot, d i i d n g k i n h 5 - 6 m m , chia t h a n h nhieu

cay l a n g o n hao hao n h i i n h a u , v i l a h a i cay

c a n h , t h a n va c a n h deu n h a n , c6 t h e vvfdn cao

deu moc doi, c6 h i n h t r i i n g t h u o n d a i , hoa deu

1-1,5m, v i l d n d a i t d i 15-20m ( v i vay m o t so'ndi

moc t h a n h x i m . . . N J i i i n g cay l a n g o n l a l o a i

goi no l a "day"). L a moc

mac,

day leo, c6 hoa m a u v a n g , con che v & n g c6 hoa

p h i a cuong t i i h a y h d i t r o n , d a u l a n h o n , dai

mau t r S n g . N o i c h u n g , n e u m u o n c6 che v i n g

4-7,5cm, r o n g

t h i i t h i e t , can

cay I d n . T h a n cay c i i n g , chia

2-4,5cm, nhutng l a p h i a

nho h d n la p h i a d\idi, gan

ret.

doi, h i n h m i i i

Cuo'ng

tren

mep n g u y e n , t r e n c6 3 la

nhan,

dai

3-12mm.

H o a moc t h a n h x i m n h i e u hoa (chiing 7-9 hoa), c a n h hoa m a u t r S n g . Qua h i n h cau, d i i d n g k i n h 7 - 8 m m (cd hkng

mua b n h i i n g c^a

hang Dong N a m

hoac

dufdc c6

uy t i n . Vi tdc dung

cua Id che vang:

Theo D o n g y,

che v i n g c6 v i h d i dSng, t i n h m a t . Co tac d u n g

v a n g , t r o n g qua c6 m o t h a t r ^ n chSc, m u a qua

thanh nhiet Idi thap, boat huyet, t i e u viem.

c h i n t h a n g 7-10.

Dan g i a n t t f xvfa t h i f d n g d i i n g l a che v S n g sfic

che

v&ng moc

k h i c h i n c6

h i i 6 n g d a n c u a n g i l d i c6 k i n h n g h i e m ;

mau

^, Cay

h a t ngo),

txL m i n h d i t h u h a i , d i i d i s i i

h o a n g ci k h a p

n d i , tH

N a m c h i B&c. T a i m i e n Bac, c6 ci H o a B i n h , T h a i B i n h , T h a n h Hoa, Nghe A n , H a T i n h . T a i m i e n N a m , dong bao 190

â&#x20AC;¢im

thildng dung

day

nu6c cho p h u n i J uo'ng t h a y nii6c s a u k h i s i n h de, giup a n n g o n c d m , p h o n g cac

chiing hau

San va m a u chong phuc h o i sutc khoe. Co n d i ^^ng l a n a u niidc t a r n cho t r e con h i ghe I d . T a i 191

mien Nam, dan gian con dung la chQa sUng vii, chiia r i n cSn; r i mai v6i giam thanh de lam het mu nhijtng ung nhot da miing mu. Mot so ngiidi con dung la chOta viem ruot, kiet ly, roi loan tieu hoa va thap khdp hay hi thifdng d a u nhxic. Benh vien Thai Binh tijfng lam khang sinh do, de so sanh tac dung cua che vSng vai penixilin 1 ddn v i quoc te trong 1ml v a streptomyxin 20g trong 1ml, cloroxit 50g trong 1ml, nhan thay: Che vSng c6 tac dung khang sinh manh hdn cac thuoc tren doi vdi t u cau khuan (Staphyllococcus) va lien cau khuan tan huyet (Streptococcus hemolytique). May nam gan day, chiing toi cung nghe noi, mot so dang may rau da dung che vfing sic nifdc uo'ng de giam beo bung, ket qua r a t tot. Tuy che v i n g CO do doc thap, nhung theo chung toi nghi, neu muoh ap dung ihk, trildc k h i uohg thuoc ban nen den benh vien kiem t r a sdc khoe. Sau k h i uohg thuoc mot thdi gian, du c6 tac dung hay khong, can den kiem t r a l a i , xem c6 xay r a chuyen gi khong? D i i sao t h i viec sijt dung che vSng de giam "beo bung" cl nam gidi, mdi chi l a mot k i n h nghiem, diidc mot so' ngUdi ap dung c6 ket qua trong vai nSm gan day, can tiep tuc theo doi trong thdi gian dai, mdi c6 the diia r a ket luan toan dien. 192

V A I M E O B O SUNG C A N X I Canxi Id mot trong nhvCng loai chat khodng :dn thiet nhat nhiCng lai de thieu nhat cua ccf the. Trong hQa dn cua con ngitdi lUdng canxi thiicfng khong du, hcfn ni/a cdc nhdn to'lie che sit hap thu canxi vd thuc day siX bdi tiei canxi lai tiidng doi nhieu, vi the tinh trang thieu canxi trong cd the rat de xdy ra vd ddn den cdc benh ly nhiC cbi xiiOng, lodng xiiOng... Tuy nhien, neu bd sung bSng cac thiic uohg qua nhieu canxi lai c6 hai cho gan. De khSc phuc t i n h trang nay, mot mat phai bd sung them canxi cho cd the b i n g nhieu con diJdng, mat khac can chu y ap dung cac bien phap nang cao ty le hap t h u canxi mot each tU nhien nhu dam bao du liidng dam va vitamin D trong khau phan an uohg... w^'^'--^ AAU.XJ ^.x^um aunaTrong y hoc cd truyen, t i n h trang thieu canxi va cac benh ly coi xUdng, loang xifdng... thuoc pham v i cac chiing benh nhuf "cot nuy", "cam tich"... vdi cd che benh sinh chu yeu la do tang t h a n h u suy nen khong sinh diidc tuy, tuy thieu khong sinh difdc xvfdng nen phat sinh cac chiing trang benh ly. Ve m&t t r i lieu, ngoai cac bien phap dung thuoc theo nguyen tac "bien chiing luan t r i " , ngiidi xvfa con r a t coi trong viec sii dung cac mon an - bai thuoc 193

(dUdc thien) c6 cong dung bo t h a n sinh t i n h , cUdng gan trang cot, xet ve mSt y hoc hien dai do chinh la lieu t r i n h bd sung canxi, v i t a m i n D va protein cho cd the thong qua con diJdng Sn uo'ng. Bai viet nay x i n diidc gidi thieu mot so'vi du dien h i n h . Bai 1: Moc n h i den 15g, moc n h i trSng (ngan nhi) 15g, dUdng phen lOg. H a i loai moc n h i r i a sach, cho vao noi nau nhijf, che them diJdng phen, an nong diem t a m hoac dung nhu mot loai che trang mieng. Theo difdc hoc cd truyen, moc n h i den v i ngot, t i n h b i n h , c6 cong dung t i i am difdng v i , bd k h i cifdng t h a n , bd huyet chi huyet; moc n h i trSng v i ngot, t i n h binh, CO cong dung t i i am nhuan phe, difdng v i sinh t a n , ich k h i bd nao, cifdng t i m . Nghien ciiu hien dai cho thay, ca hai loai moc n h i deu chiia nhieu canxi, trong moi lOOg moc n h i den CO t 6 i 397mg canxi va moi lOOg moc n h i trang CO tdi 380mg canxi, cao hdn so vdi dau tUdng va dau xanh. Bai 2: Quy ban lOOg, v6 trCfng ga lOOg, hai t h i i r^a sach, de rao nildc r d i sao gion, nghien t h a n h hot m i n , diing trong lo k i n dung d i n . Moi ngay ftn 2 Ian, moi Ian 5g, tron them vdi mot chut diidng trSng. Quy ban (mai riia) va v6 trCfng ga deu chijta r a t nhieu canxi, rieng quy ban con la mot v i thudc dong y c6 cong 194

dung bd t h a n am, chuyen dung de dieu t r i cac chilng nhijtc xiidng, lUng dau go'i moi, ho l a u pgay. Mon diidc thien nay dac biet tot cho ngiidi CO tudi b i loang xiidng hoac xifdng gay laulien. .. , . Bai 3: Ngao 10 con, ngam trong nxidc, rxia sach, cho vao bat, dap 1 qua triing ga, quay deu, che them gia v i roi dem hap chin an. Theo dUdc hoc cd truyen, ngao v i man, t i n h lanh, c6 cong dung t\i am Idi thuy hoa dam; triing ga v i ngot, tinh binh, c6 cong dung t\i am, nhuan tao, dif3ng huyet. Nghien ciiu hien dai cho thay, t h i t ngao va triing ga deu chiia kha nhieu canxi, trong moi lOOg t h i t ngao c6 177mg canxi, m6i lOOg long do triing ga c6 134mg canxi. Ngoai ra, triing ga con chiia kha nhieu vitamin D c6 tac dung thiic day qua t r i n h hap t h u canxi va phot pho. Bai 4: Dau tiidng lOOg, riia sach; nam hvfdng kho lOg, ngam nif6c soi cho nci; xiidng sUdn Idn 500g, riia sach, chat nho. Dem dau tiidng va sUdn Idn ham that nhii, cho nam hiidng vao dun them mot lat la dildc, che du gia v i , dung lam canh an. Theo diidc hoc cd truyen, dau tUdng v i ngot, t i n h binh, c6 cong dung kien ty, bd huyet, Icii thuy; nam hiJdng v i ngot, t i n h binh, c6 cong dung kien t i v i , bd k h i huyet. Nghien ciiu hien <lai cho thay, thanh p h i n dinh diidng cua dau 195

tiidng het siLc phong p h u , r a t g i a u d a m v a c a c

IvLa cho t h a t nhu:. T i e p do cho a giao da d u n

acid a m i n quy, dong t h d i con c h i i a n h i e u c a c

chay bang r i f d u , dUdng phen, hot h a i m a vao c6

chat k h o a n g can t h i e t cho cd the, t r o n g m6i

dac t h a n h cao. M 6 i ngay uohg 2 I a n , m 6 i I a n

lOOg d a u tifdng c6 chijta tdi 165mg canxi. N a m

1 thia canh.

hifdng t t o g diidc m e n h d a n h l a "vua cua c a c l o a i r a u k h o " c u n g l a m o t l o a i thijtc p h a m c6 r a t n h i e u c a n x i va v i t a m i n D , t r o n g m 6 i lOOg n a m h U d n g CO c h i i a 180mg c a n x i . Bcii vay, day la m o n difdc t h i e n r a t t o t cho nhQng ngiidi h i t h i e u

Bo t h a n t r a n g dudng, ciidng gan

k i e n cot, d u n g r a t t o t cho n h i i n g n g i i d i c6 t u d i b i t h i e u canxi, loang xifdng. Bdi 7: T o m n o n 50g, t r i l n g ga 1 qua, r a u h e 200g, d u n g d a u thvic v a t xao an. Theo diidc hoc

canxi mau. Bai 5: C h a n cua tiidi 200g, rufa sach,

Cong dung:

sac

cd t r u y e n , t o m v i ngot, t i n h a m , c6 cong d u n g bo

v a n g , n g h i e n t h a n h hot m i n , d i i n g t r o n g lo k m

t h a n t r a n g difdng, ciidng gan k i e n cot; r a u he v i

d u n g d a n , m 6 i ngay u o n g 1-2 I a n , m o i I a n 5g

ngot, t m h a m , c6 cong d u n g on t h f i n t r d diidng,

v 6 i nii6c c d m . Theo difdc hoc co t r u y e n , cua v i

boi bd va l a m a m t y v i . N g h i e n c i i u h i e n d a i cho

m a n , t i n h l a n h , c6 cong d u n g t h a n h n h i e t ,

thay, t o m l a m o t t r o n g nhQng l o a i t h i i c p h a m

d i i d n g can h o a t h u y e t , t h o n g k i n h h o a t

r a t g i a u canxi, t r o n g m o i lOOg t o m dong c6 t 6 i

lac.

N g h i e n ciifu h i e n d a i cho t h a y , cua l a l o a i thiJc

1.120mg canxi, t r o n g m o i

p h a m g i a u c a n x i vao bac n h a t , xidc t m h moi

882mg canxi.

lOOg t o m n o n

lOOg cua dong c6 t d i 5.040mg c a n x i . Bcii vay,

Ngoai r a , de p h o n g chong t i n h t r a n g t h i e u

k i n h n g h i e m d a n g i a n d u n g bot c h a n cua dong

canxi nen a n n h i e u cac loai t h i i c p h a m n h i i r a m

de chQa c h i i n g b e n h coi x U d n g ci t r e em l a r a t

t i l d i , tep kho, oc, t r a i , m&m t o m , ca d a u , h e n ,

ly.

long do t r i i n g ga, ca k h o (chim, t h u , n u , de), ca

Bdi 6: B o t h a i m a 500g, t i n h h o a n t r a u hoac

n h a m , ca bac, suta bo, ca t r a c h , r a u den cdm, can

bo 500g, d a n s a m 500g, h o a n g k y 250g, a giao

tay, r a u r a m , can t a , r a u den do, r a u den

250g, h a c h dao n h a n 250g (say k h o t a n hot),

la lot, r a u k i n h gi6i, r a u h u n g , t h i a l a , t i a to,

d i l d n g p h e n 250g. D e m h o a n g k y va d a n s a m

r a u day, r a u r u t , r a u mong t d i , r a u t h d m , r a u

s i c k y 3 I a n , l a y nii6c bo ba r o i cho t i n h hoan

ngot, vtfng, d a u t r S n g , d a u den, t r a m , r a u b i ,

t r a u bo da r ^ a sach t h a i l a t vao h a m

r a u m i i o n g , cu cai, r o n g bien...

196

nho

tvAng,

.5 197

CHUNG HAM HAP SOT VAO BUOl SANG + H o i : Trong "Thuoc vu&n nhd" - Tri Thvtc Tre so 157 (thdng 8/2005), trd loi mot ban d Thai Birth, CO mot each chiia chitng sot nhe (37,5-38''C) ve budi chieu vd budi tdi. Toi cdng thu&ng hay ham hap sot, nhung con sot Iqi hay xudt hien vdo budi sdng, budi chieu vd budi tdi hdu nhu binh thu&ng. Ngodi ra con cam thdy met moi, bung day, kern an de bi cam. Toi da di benh vien khdm vd Idm cdc xet nghiem, nhung khong phat hien benh nhiem triing, bdc sichighi

vdo

benh dn Id "sot khong ro nguyen nhdn". De nghi "Thudc vu&n nhd"

cho Met, benh cua toi c6 the

chvca bang thudc Dong y hay khong? + D a p : ChQa t r i "sot k h o n g ro n g u y e n n h a n " la sc( t r i i d n g dac biet cua D o n g y hoc. "Sot k h o n g ro n g u y e n n h a n " thuoc p h a m t r u " N o i thiidng p h a t n h i e t " cua D o n g y. D o n g y chia c h i i n g sot (phat n h i e t t h a n h 2 l o a i 16n: Sot ngoai cam va sot n o i thvfdng. Sot ngoai cam v a sot n o i t h i i d n g c6 nhQng b i e u hien k h o n g giohg n h a u . Sot ngoai cam (do tac nhan ben ngoai) c6 dac d i e m : B e n h p h a t s i n h tvfdng doi n h a n h , benh t r i n h tifdng doi ng&n, p h a t sot h n h i e t do t i i d n g doi cao, luc benh m 6 i p h a t noi c h u n g t h a y sd l a n h - mac t h e m q u a n ao hoac dap chan t h i t h a y dd l a n h , t h u d n g k e m theo

108

d a u d a u , dau m i n h may, m u i t i c , chay nude m u i , ho... Con sot n o i thildng (sot do nguyen n h a n ben trong) t h i b e n h p h a t sinh tUdng doi c h a m , benh trinh tiJdng d o i d a i ; noi c h u n g c h i sot nhe hoSc c6 cam giac nhvf b i sot, i t k h i sot cao; k h o n g sd l a n h hoac c6 cam giac l a n h n h i i n g mac them q u a n ao hoac dSp chan thi l a i thay nong. T h t f d n g k e m theo v a n g dau, t i n h t h a n m e t m o i , n h i e u mo h o i hoac mo h o i t r o m , mach dap yeu... Theo Dong y, n g u y e n n h a n sot n o i t h i f d n g , la do a m dUdng m a t can bang, k h i h u y e t k h o n g dieu hoa, hoac chijtc n a n g cua t a n g p h u b i r o i loan gay nen. N h i i da t r i n h bay t r o n g Tri Thitc Tre so

157,

D o n g y can ciJt vao n g u y e n n h a n gay b e n h , chia "sot

n o i thiJdng" r a

m o t so' l o a i h i n h

nhii:

" A m h i t p h a t n h i e t " (sot do p h a n a m b i h i i t o n ) , " d i i d n g h i i p h a t n h i e t " (sot do p h a n difdng b i h i l t o n ) , " k h i hif p h a t n h i e t " (sot do chxitc n a n g cua k h i b i suy yeu), " h u y e t h u p h a t

nhiet"

(sot do a m h u y e t suy yeu), " h u y e t \i p h a t n h i e t " (sot do \i h u y e t ) . . . Sot ve b u o i sang la m o t d a u h i e u t h i i d n g gap t r o n g loai h i n h " d i i d n g h i l p h a t nhiet". T r o n g Tri Thitc

Tre sd 157 c h u n g t a da n o i ve each

chiia t r i loai h i n h " h u y e t \i p h a t n h i e t " ( t r i l d n g hdp b a n doc d T h a i B i n h ) . N a y xin noi ve l o a i h i n h "diidng h u p h a t n h i e t " , de b a n t h a m khao. 199

"Diidng h i l phat nhiet" la mot chiing trang dac thu, xuat hien k h i phan "difdng" trong cd the bi suy yeu. "Diidng h\i" d day chu yeu chi "diidng" trong 2 tang ty va than bi suy yeu, khong van hoa dUdc t i n h chat de dinh diidng cd the, lam am tang phu, v i vay nhiet nang khong du, "ve k h i " khong ben (kha nang thich Ung v6i moi trifdng ben ngoai va siic khang benh yeu), anh hufcing den sU tuan hoan ciia huyet dich, d i n t6i nhflng hien tiidng nhii: Chan tay lanh, sd lanh, sic mat tr&ng nhdt, de hi cam mao, an uong giam siit, bung trii6ng day, dai tien nhao... Dac biet, k h i "ty diidng" hif nhifdc, thudng c6 hien tUdng "difdng k h i " vifdt ra ngoai, gay nen sot ham hap nong va phat sot phan nhieu ve buoi sang. Ban CO the c5n cii vao chijtng trang cu the cua ban than, ma chon dCing mot trong so' cac bai thuoc sau de chQa t r i .

phat sot phan nhieu ve buoi sang. M6i k h i met nhoc t h i phat sot hoac sot nang them. Mat hoa, d l u choang vang, hdi thci yeu, ngai noi, mo hoi va ra nhieu, de bi cam mao, Sn kem, dai tien khong thanh khuon. Chat liiSi nhat, reu lUdi tr&ng mong. Mach te nhifdc (nho yeu). Gia gidm: Neu mo hoi va ra nhieu, them m l u le 20g, hoac goc lua nep Gien ca re) 20g, cCing sSc uong. Co cam giac luc nong luc lanh, mo hoi tu tiet ra va sd gio: Them que chi 8g, bach thvTdc I2g. Bung trifdng day nhieu: Them thifdng truat 12g, hoSc hiidng 12g. Bdi thuoc 2: Thuc dia 24g, sdn t h i i du 12g, sdn diidc 12g, trach ta 9g, dan bi 9g, phuc linh 9g, nhuc que 6g, phu t\i 3g. Sic va uong giong nhxl bai thuoc 1. Rieng phu tijL can sic trxidc 1 gid, sau do mdi cho cac v i thuoc khac vao. *- - - - â&#x20AC;˘ -

Bdi thuoc 1: Hoang ky 24g, nhan sam 15g, bach truat lOg, tran bi 9g, difdng quy lOg, thang ma 6g, sai ho 6g, cam thao 6g. Nifdc 1.000ml, s&c lay 400ml. Sic 2 Ian, hdp 2 nU6c, chia ra 4 Ian uong trong ngay, vao sang trila chieu toi.

Day la bai thuoc tieu bieu chuta chiing sot noi thudng do phan "dvidng" d tang than suy yeu. V6i nhQng trieu chiing: Ham hap sot, sot phan nhieu ve buoi sang. Chiu lanh kem, chan tay khong am, mat trSng nhdt, lUng dau, goi moi, dau hay choang vang, thich ngu; kem an, dai tien long. Chat liidi beu hoac c6 vet rang, reu ludi trang nhuan. Mach tram te (nho yeu). t>

Day la bai thuoc tieu bieu chiia chiing sot noi thUdng do phan "difdng" b tang ty bi suy yeu. Vdi nhutng bieu hien: Ham hap sot hoSc sot cao,

Gia gidm: Neu thd hut hdi, them nhan sam 8g. Neu thiidng dau bung, ia chay: Them bach truat (sao vang) 12g, can khiidng 8g.

200

201

TlfBAO NHIEU TUOI CO THE DUNG NHUNC HUtfU?

c h i n a n g 40-50g; chat lUdng t h a p , c h i ngang n h u n g hoSng. 4. Nhung

+ H o i : Toi Men Id gido vien Tru&ng THPT

Nong

Cong III, Id ban doc thu&ng xuyen cua Tri TMc Tre. Nay de nghi Tri TMc Tre vui long cho Met: (1) Khai thdc, bdo qudn vd

dung nhung huffu nhu the ndo

cho tot? (2) Tk bao nhieu tuoi trff len thi dugrc su dung nhung

huou?

thuoc vao c h u i i g l o a i v a each che bien. loai:

1. Huyet

nhuhg

l a l o a i n h u n g quy n h a t , difdc

mong m a u , chua p h a n n h a n h , da hong, d a u t u , ,v

long r a t m i n v a t h i i a .

yen ngi/a l a loai stfng n o n hit dau

p h a n n h a n h , n h i f n g n h a n h con ngfin, ch6 phan n h a n h b e n d a i b e n ngin,

t r o n g giong chiec yen

ngoJa. L o a i n a y c u n g r a t tot, v i n h u n g da phat t r i e n day d u , m a chifa t h a n h siing.

N e u de qua

I t nQa, m o t p h a n da t h a n h s t o g , se g i a m gia t r i . chia vol: T u y cung c6 the coi l a m o t

loai h u y e t n h u n g , n h i i n g k h a i thac d h i i d u difoi 3 t u o i . N h i i n g nho, k h i da p h d i hoac say kho 202

liJdng k h o n g b i n g 3 loai t r e n . + Cdch

che bien:

••..jj., .

N h u n g c a t dudc c a n che

bien ngay, v i c6 n h i e u m a u v a chat t h i t , de l a u CO the b i t h o i . Che bien k h o n g can t h a n nhif say qua nong, n h u n g b i n i i t r a , m a u n h u n g tie't r a bao q u a n theo 2 each: ngdm

hdi de cho cat len phia

con hUdu tvf 3 t u o i . T h a n n h u n g n g i n , mem,

3. Nhung

p h a n n h a n h , long c i i n g v a day, d a u be r a ; chat

(1) Dem cap nhung

cat k h i s t o g n o n c h u a n h i p h a n n h a n h , 6 nhCtng

2. Nhung

sdo: L a n h u n g gia, sijfng da

l i e t c u n g k e m gia t r i . N h u n g t h i i d n g dUdc che v a

+ D a p : C h a t lifdng cua n h u n g h i i d u t r i l 6 c phu

+ Chung

gidc

vdo ricau mot dem,

tren

- de chat n h u n g

hong t a n h e t vao rifdu. H o m sau, r a n g cat cho . nong vtfa, de vao m o t cai o h g h giiJa de cap n h u n g , v & n de ch6 cat l e n p h i a t r e n . K h i cat nguoi, do r a t h a y cat m 6 i r a n g vao. M o i Ian t h a y cat, l a i n h u n g n h u n g vao rvfdu, cho r i i d u tha'm vao. Cijf l a m nhif v a y cho d e n k h i n h u n g kho. Cat vao hop c6 nap k i n , t r o n g c6 gao r a n g h a y voi chifa t o i , de g i i i cho k h o rao. (2) Tarn riiOu vdo nhung

i< • ^

rot say kho; sau do

lai tarn ri/cfu vd say kho Idn nita. L a m n h i i vay n h i e u I a n den k h i n h u n g k h o k i e t l a difdc. N e u l a m k h o n g can t h a n n h u n g c6 t h e b i nijtt, m a u chay r a m a t , k e m gia t r i . T h i i d n g cong viec che bien n h u n g doi h o i 2-3 ngay. M o t cap h u y e t u n g n a n g 800g, k h i k h o c h i con chijfng 250g. 203

TriJ6c k h i s i i d u n g con can bo b e t long. N u n g m o t c a i d u i sit h a y m i e n g sSt cho do, I a n x u n g q u a n h n h u n g cho chay het long. • Cdch sue dung:

n h u n g h u d u l a l o a i thuoc " t h u a n dudng", n e n nhutng ngifdi " a m hiJ hoa vUdng", k h o n g n e n d u n g doc v i loc n h u n g (can pho'i hdp v d i cac v i thuoc khac). T r t f d n g hdp b i ngoai c a m n h i e t benh, c i i n g can k i e n g k y .

N h u n g h i i d u sau k h i che b i e n c6 t h e t h a i l a t ,

T r o n g m o t so' t r i i d n g hdp n h a t d i n h , cGng c6

t a n t h a n h hot m i n uong. Hoac n g a m r i i d u uong.

the svi d u n g ca v d i t r e nho. T h i d u , v d i t r e cham

Loc n h u n g c6 tac d u n g n h a n h v a m a n h , v i v a y

p h a t t r i e n , x i i d n g cot y e u m e m , cham biet d i , t\i

m o i I a n c h i n e n s\i d u n g l - 2 g . N 6 i chung, n e n

xifa y gia t h U d n g stf d u n g b a i thuoc sau d a y de

bat

dau

tiif

l i e u t h a p , sau do t a n g dan, k h o n g

nen svi d u n g ngay l i e u 16n, de t r a n h h i "dong phong", choang d a u hoa m&t, chay m a u m u i . . .

chiJta: - Bai thuoc chQa tre nho cham

Idn: Loc

n h u n g 5g, thuc d i a hoang 25g, sdn dUdc 30g,

• Tre nho cung c6 the sue dung

ngo t h u nhuc 15g, n g i i u t a t lOg, m a t ong l i f d n g

K h o n g i t ngiidi t h i i d n g cho r f i n g , n h u n g h i i d u

t h i c h hdp. T a t ca cac v i thuoc t a n t h a n h bot

l a l o a i thuoc c h i d a n h cho n g i i d i da 16n t u o i . Q u a n n i e m n h i i v a y t h a t r a k h o n g hoan toan

m i n , l u y e n v d i m a t ong l a m t h a n h v i e n bSng h a t dau x a n h . N g a y uong 2 I a n , m o i I a n 5g.

c h i n h xac. Theo Dong y, n h u n g h i f d u c6 tac

B a i thuoc n a y c h i gidi t h i e u de o n g t h a m

d u n g bo nguyen difdng, bo t i n h h u y e t , i c h t i n h

khao. N e u m u o h s\l d u n g can diidc sif h i i d n g

t u y , cvfdng g a n cot. C h u t r i cac chijfng suy nhiidc

dan cu t h e cua t h a y thuoc Dong y.

n a n g , ngu:di gay com, t i n h t h a n ue oai, hoa m a t chong m a t , m a t md, t a i n g h l n h ngang, l i i n g go'i d a u m o i , n a m gidi liet dxidng, boat t i n h , mi gidi t\i cung h i i l a n h k h o n g c6 con, b a n g l a u , ddi h a , ... N h i i vay, nhQng ngiidi n g u y e n diidng v a t i n h

TOI - PHl/dNC THUOC KY DIEU, LINH DAN TREN BAN AN

h u y e t h i i t o n deu c6 t h e svf d u n g . Viec k i e n g k y can can c i i vao chijfng t r a n g cu the b tvTng ngiidi, chCf k h o n g p h a i c h i den t u o i n h a t d i n h m d i dUdc 204

d u n g . Theo D o n g y,

T o i l a loai thUc v a t ho l i l y . T h a n cu cua t o i c6 chila k h o a n g 0,2% d a u de hoc h d i . T r o n g c u t o i CO chiia chat g a r l i c i n v a sulfoether compoud v d i 205

n h i e u loai a l l y l , p r o p y l va m e t h y l hcJp t h a n h , la

dang d i sau n g h i e n c i i u phuldng phap va

t h a n h p h a n chu yeu t r o n g t o i de chong k h u a n .

d u n g cua t o i t r o n g viec phong chong u n g thuf.

Toi con chijfa mot Ivfdng Idn v i t a m i n e B, C v a D ,

Qua thtfc n g h i e m c h i i n g m i n h r ^ n g , doi v 6 i cac

CO the d u n g de phong chong b e n h hoai h u y e t

dong v a t b i u ac t i n h , cho a n t h i i c an c6 t o i , c6

(scorbutus).

N g o a i r a , t r o n g t o i con chila mot

the k h o n g che va vay h a m sU p h a t t r i e n cua u n g

chat CO the d i e u t i e t chijtc n a n g he t h o n g t i e u

thtf (u ac t i n h ) . K e t qua n g h i e n cutu cua m o t n h a

hoa v a k i c h t h i c h an uo'ng.

khoa hoc N h a t B a n cho t h a y , t o i c6 the p h o n g

T o i l a l o a i t h i i c p h a m q u y c6 tac d u n g t r i

tac

chong benh u n g t h i i .

b e n h qua a n u o n g , c6 the t a y g i u n san, v a c6

T r o n g dan g i a n c6 r a t n h i e u phiJdng thuoc b i

tac d u n g d i e u t r i cac b e n h nhxi l i , t a , lao p h o i ,

t r u y e n chiia benh b ^ n g t o i , x i n gidi t h i e u m o t

cam gio, thd k h o k h e k i e u h e n phe q u a n va ca

vai p h i i d n g thuoc de cac b a n t h a m khao.

chijtng ho ga. D u n g ngoai c6 t h e t r i cac

benh

v i e m da, m a n n g i i a d a i dang, hSc lao va u cue

1. Chdo

toi:

T o i v6 t i m 3g, hot bach

cap

(bletilla h y a c i n t h i n a ) : 6g; gao te 30g, n a u chao

d i i d i da ( t h i i d n g t h a i l a t t o i t i i d i cha sat) ke ca

an t h i i d n g x u y e n . N a u chao gao te va bot bach

cac c h i i n g lei loet l a u l i e n m i e n g (ep t o i l a y d a u

cap triidc, k h i da c h i n , m d i cho t o i vao, soi m o t

r o i bao che t h a n h thuoc cao de boi). N h i i n g

h a i dao la xong, cho t o i c h i c h i n ngoai, t r o n g

ngUdi lao

ngoi nhieu thiidng

v a n song, k h o n g cho c h i n het, c6 tac d u n g chufa

x u y e n a n t o i se g i i i p cho d i e u t i e t chtjfc n a n g

lao phoi, l i cap va m a n t i n h , cao h u y e t ap, xd

dong t r i nao,

dai nao va t i m t a n g . K h o a hoc h i e n d a i c h i i n g m i n h cho t h a y , t o i la l o a i thuoc c6 g i a i k h a n g k h u a n r o n g . N h i e u n g h i e n cufu da khSng d i n h t o i c6 tac d u n g g i a m cholesterol

trong

mau,

trihydric

l i p o p r o t e i n va mci r o n g diidc m a c h

glyceride, mau.

" k h d i t h o n g difdc dong chay" m a c h m a u m a c6

v i i a dong mach. 2. ChUa ho gd: T o i 50g gia n a t r o i n g a m nifdc soi de nguoi mot b a t nho t r o n g v a i gid, r o i l a y nifdc, bo ba, pha d i f d n g t r & n g vao ma uong. 3-5 t u o i , m o i Ian uong 1 t h i a con, d i i d i 3 t u o i g i a m 1 nv(a. M 6 i ngay 3 I a n . 3. Chiia

td, li:

SSc u o h g hoac a n song, c i i n g

the d i i n g de phong chong benh cao h u y e t ap,

CO the cho t h u t d u d n g r u o t v 6 i niidc n g a m t o i

benh xd vijta dong mach (bSng each m o i ngay an

5%. T h d i xvfa ngUdi t a con gia n a t t o i dSp vao

tii 2-3 l a t t o i ) . D i e u can c h i i y l a cac hoc gia

gan b a n chan de chijta b e n h t a ci t r e e m . Cach

206

207

lam

n a y con c6 t h e chufa benh do m a u cam.

Song can c h u y l a dSp ngoai de gay do t a y da, t h a m c h i phong r o p , n e n p h a i theo d o i , t h a y nong t h i hoc r a , ch6 de l a u . 4. Chita say ndng hon me hat tinh: N h o vao m u i v a i giot nifdc d a u t o i , k i c h t h i c h cho hat hoi, l a m cho benh n h a n h o n me t i n h l a i . 5. Tay giun,

sdn:

-^^

G i a n a t r o i cho m o t chiit

d a u t h i i c v a t vao, k h i d i n g u boi vao x u n g quanh h a u mon. De chohg g i u n moc, triidc k h i d i l a m dong, b o i t o i gia n a t vao ca h a i t a y v a h a i chan. 6. Chita hat ccfm mdi moc:

+ Hoi: Toi duac ngu&i ban cho ban pho-to trang bdo Tien Phong, ra ngay 16-05-2005, thudt lai chuyen bdc Hy Rdu tu chOca khoi benh ung thu thuc qudn d giai doan cuoi, nh& mot bdi thuoc bi truyen, chi gom CO 2 vi thuoc Nam re tien, di kiem. Rat mong "Thuoc vu&n nhd" cung cap them nhifng thong tin lien quan ve bdi thuoc ndy, vi nhd toi dang c6 ngudi bi ung thugan, benh vien dd trd ve de to hdu su.

G i a n a t t o i d&p

ngoai, CO tac d u n g l a m t i e u t a n . Song can c h u y

+ Dap: T h d i g i a n q u a , n h i e u b a n doc da gvLi th\i hoac goi dien cho "Thuoc

t r a n h de phong rop da. K h u y e n k h i c h a n t o i da l a t r a o liJu t r e n t h e gidi h i e n n a y . M o i ngay a n m o t v a i l a t t o i vvfa ngon m i e n g l a i p h o n g chong difdc b e n h t a t . T r e n t a p c h i "Travelling

BAI THUOC BJ TRUYEN CHUA UNC THU; THONG TIN LIEN QUAN

companion"

da v i e t

n h i i sau: " C a u m o n g t r e n b a n a n cua b a n h a n g ngay deu c6 t o i , trijf p h i b a n h i v i e m t h a n (chu y: NguCdi h i v i e m t h a n k h o n g

nen an toi).

vitdn nhd", m u o h

difdc t h o n g t i n ve m o t so' v a n de, l i e n q u a n d e n bai thuoc cua bac H y R a u . V i vay, c h u n g t o i x i n phep d a n h t o a n bo chuyen m u c k y de h o i a m cung cac b a n do. N h Q n g v a n de khac, x i n t i e p tuc t h o n g t i n t r o n g cac so' tiep sau. Triidc h e t x i n n o i q u a ve l a i l i c h b a i thuoc, ma h i e n n a y t h i f d n g goi l a "Bdi thuoc bi

truyen

N h i i n g m o n g b a n h a y n h d cho: M o i ngay a n 1-2

chiJta ung thiC cua bdc Hy Rdu". Cuoi t h a n g 3-

l a t t o i de t i e u doc t r o n g m i e n g l a d u , chd a n

2004, bac T r a n V a n H y , b i e t d a n h " H y R a u " , 75

n h i e u q u a . N e u k h i a n t o i , t h a y c6 c a m giac

t u o i , 6 dildng N g u y e n Cong T r i i T P . B u o n M a

nong r u o t , d i e u do chijfng to r i n g b a n da a n

T h u o t , diidc chan doan b i u n g t h i l thUc q u a n ,

qua l i i d n g r o i do.

t r o n g t i n h t r a n g cd t h e d a suy k i e t n a n g . K e t D i n h VSn Cd

(Theo lie "Tri am" TQ) 208

qua n o i soi cho t h a y , k h o i u n h i i m o t con d i a I6n, b a m doc v a chen g a n k i n t h i i c q u a n , k h o n g 209

the an uong binh thiidng, chi c6 the nuot tiing giot sQa mot each kho khan. K h i do cac thay thuoc ci TP. H C M khang dinh, chi con each dat ohg tiep thijtc an nuoi cd the, k h i svfc khoe on dinh t h i se xa t r i . Bac Hy quyet dinh khong dieu t r i , v i cho rang tuoi da cao, ma con phai fin nhd ong d i n va chiu diing xa t r i doc hai, tha chet con hdn. Mot thdi gian sau do, trong k h i xem lai cac t a i heu cii, bac tinh cd bat gap mot xap giay, chep may bai thuoc dan gian, ma mot ngiidi ban da sxiu tarn g^i tang ttf 5 nam trUdc. Doe bai "Thuoc bi truyin chita benh ung thiC" thay qua ddn gian, bac quyet dinh dung t h i i xem sao. Ngay 18-5-2004 bac Hy bat dau uong thuoc. Nhutng chen dau tien, phai nho tuing giot mot, uong ca buoi m6i het. T6i thang ihvi 6, bac bat dau nuot diide, benh eo ve tien trien tot. Bac tiep tuc uong thuoc va moi thang di noi soi 1 Ian. Den cuoi nam 2004, khoi u da tan het, chi de l a i vet seo tren thilc quan, s\ic khoe hoi phuc dan. Cho t6i thdi diem difdc thong t i n tren bao (thang 5-2005), bac Hy da khoe han, da de hong hao, nang 57kg. Bac cho biet, thdi gian qua da phd bien cho vai ngifdi, uong thay cung c6 hieu qua, mong gidi khoa hoc se chu y nghien ciiu, kiem chijtng, neu thay tot t h i nen pho bien cho benh nhan, nhat la benh nhan ngheo., , 210

- Noi dung bai thuoc: Ban chi hen 1 lang. Bach hoa xa thiet thao 2 lang. Thuoc rijfa sach dat cat, cho vao noi dun vdi 4 bat nifdc, sau k h i soi bung dun nho lila khoang 2 gid, can con 1 bat. M6i thang sic 2 Ian, sang chieu, uong nguoi, luc doi bung. - Chu thich (NV): (1). Lieu liidng trong ddn thuoc ghi theo ddn v i do lildng cd, "1 lang" tifdng diidng 31,5g ngay nay. (2). Do "tam sao that ban", ten cac v i thuoc da thay doi doi chut so v6i ten goc. "Ban chi lien" doc chinh xac la "Ban chi lien" ("chi" khong c6 dau hoi, c6 nghia la "canh cay"), "Bach hoa xa thiet thao" doc dung la "Bach hoa xa thiet thao" ("thiet" c6 dau nang, la "cai liidi", "Bach hoa xa thiet thao" c6 nghia la "c6 lifdi ran hoa t r i n g " ) . "Bai thuoc bi truyin chita ung thii cua bac Hy Rdu", thUc ra la mot bai thuoc dan gian, da l u u truyen tix lau ci mien Nam Trung Quoc va Viet Nam. Nhan tien noi them, khoang chuc nam triidc, "bai thuoc bi truyen chQa ung thxi" v6i 2 vi thuoc noi tren, da tiing gay nen "cdn sot" ci Ha Noi. Bao Lao Dong k h i do tCfng tifdng thuat: "Trong nhUng ngay gdn day d Ha Noi nhieu ngiidi do x6 ten cac phoLdn Ong, Thuoc Bac... demua 2 loai dUdc thao... diiOc coi la than dUdc de chita benh ung thit gan. Co ngUdi mua vdi lang, CO ngiidi mua vdi cdn, c6 cd tap the cdn bo

Cli ngUbi di mua tdi vdi chuc can ve de uong phbng

ung thUgan...".

N h Q n g t d chi d&n t a i mot

so n h a thuoc k h i do n o i , b a i thuoc do mot Hoa k i e u d M y , trifdc k h i b i h a n h h i n h da de l a i cho ddi. N h i i vay, n h f l n g nkm gan day, "Bdi thuoc truyen

chiCa ung thil" n o i t r e n , da dvfdc k h o n g i t

ngUdi b e n h t i m m u a va s,\i d u n g , dong t h d i cung trcf t h a n h v a n de n h i e u ngUdi q u a n t a m . V a y b a i thuoc D o n g y v d i h a i thtjt thao diidc n o i t r e n , c6 t h e chiia k h o i diidc u n g t h i i hay khong? De t r a Idi mot each c6 can cut, can n o i qua ve each chQa t r i b e n h u n g t h U t r o n g D o n g y hoc. T r o n g D o n g y k h o n g c6 b e n h d a n h l a " U n g t h u ac t i n h " , b a n t h a n d a n h tvf " u n g t h i i " , t r o n g D o n g y CO t r u y e n , d u n g de c h i cac l o a i u n g nhot. C a n b e n h c6 nhCtng bieu h i e n va diยงn bien nhif " u n g t h i i ac t i n h " t r o n g T a y y, D o n g y co t r u y e n goi l a chufng " n h a m " , con D o n g y h i e n dai goi la " t h u n g l U u " hoac "ac 1165,

t i n h thQng l U u " . N a m

benh danh "nham" Ian dau xuat hien

t r o n g tac p h a m "Ve te hdo thiC" cua D o n g H i e n C l i 81, mot v i d a n h y t h d i n h a T o n g (TQ). K h o a n g 100 n a m sau, sach "Nhdn ludn"

trai triic chi

phiCdng

cua d a n h y D i i d n g Si Doanh, da mo t a r a t

t i m i ve c h i i n g " n h a m " t r o n g each cua D i i d n g Si D o a n h , r a t giong b e n h u n g t h i i ac t i n h t r o n g Y hoc h i e n dai. Ngoai r a , sach con g h i chep mot so lUdng 16n cac y an co k i m , n h i i n g p h i i d n g thuoc 212

va mot so' bien p h a p chiia t r i cua D o n g y; t r o n g so" do CO k h a n h i e u t r i l d n g hdp diidc chuta k h o i benh. D i e u do c h i i n g to, tiif n h i e u the k y trade, D o n g y da biet den can benh u n g thxi ac t i n h va da chQa t r i t h a n h cong dvfdc mot s o ' t r i l d n g hdp. U n g t h u ac t i n h la mot benh n a n y, t y le ngifdi mSc b e n h l a i dang co chieu h u d n g

gia

t a n g . T r o n g k h i do, cac phifdng phap chiSa t r i cua Y hoc h i e n d a i con chiia h o a n c h i n h : Hoa diidc, t i a xa, hay p h ^ u t h u a t , t u y co k h a nSng t i e u diet diidc te bao u n g thxi, n h u n g dong t h d i c i i n g t h i f d n g gay nen nhiJng t o n thUdng t r a m t r o n g dol vdi cd t h e . V i vay, h i e n t a i cac n h a y hoc d n h i e u nxidc dang t i c h cxlc nghien cCfu, t i m k i e m cac phvfdng p h a p chiia t r i u n g ih\i theo phifdng phap cua D o n g y hoc. N h i i n g n a m gan day, viec chiia t r i u n g t h i f hkng D o n g y da d a t diiCc mot so" k e t qua dang m i i n g . T r o n g t a i l i e u "Danh Ido trungy

thung

liXu nghiem

dn tap

dn",

do N h a x u a t b a n K H K T T h i i d n g H a i (TQ) a n h a n h , ma ngifdi v i e t h i e n co t r o n g tay, co l u a n t h u a t day d u 201 n g h i e m an chiia t h a n h cong, thuoc hdn 50 loai u n g ih\i khac n h a u . T a t ca cac t r i f d n g hdp benh, deu difdc chuyen gia ve u n g t h u Tay y g i a m d i n h ; B e n h an diidc g h i chep het stjtc b a i b a n , bao gom benh sii, t r i e u c h i i n g l a m sang, chan doan X-quang,

noi soi, s i n h t h i e t ,

te bao hoc, xet n g h i e m l a m sang l i e n q u a n , ... 213

201 nghiem an do chilng to, viec Dong y t r i lieu thanh cong nhieu trifdng hdp ung t h i i , la chuyen c6 that; vai tro cua Dong y diidc trong viec khac phuc benh ung t h u , la mot dieu khong the phu nhan. Phufdng phap chQa benh ung t h i i cua Dong y, chu trong ca chinh the va ca cue bo. Phifdng tien chu yeu la "di doc cong doc". Tuy nhien, neu chi ddn thuan dung bien phap "cong ta", rat d l d i n den ket cue the tham: Khoi u chiia bi tieu diet het, ma ngiidi benh da bi tii vong. V i vay, cCing vdi viec svL dung nhiJng v i thuo'c "cong ta" - c6 tac dung tieu diet hoac ijtc che te bao ung thif, Dong y con svi dung nhieu v i thuoc c6 tac dung bo diidng, va nhxing vi thuoc c6 tac dung dieu hoa toan cue. Phoi hdp cac loai thuo'c vdi nhau nhii vay, nhSm dat muc tieu "Khu ta nhi bat thiCdng chinh, phu chinh hiJtu Icfi khu ta". Nghia la, trijf difdc benh ta ma khong lam ton thUdng chinh k h i , boi bo chinh k h i tao dieu kien thuan Idi diet trii benh ta. K h i chi3a t r i ung thiJ, Dong y khong svL dung mot phiidng phap, ciing nhii phiidng thuoc co' dinh. Trong giai doan dau, chinh k h i con manh va benh ta chiJa tham nhap sau, t h i lay viec "cong ta" lam chinh. Trong giai doan giuta, chinh k h i da ton thiidng va suy yeu dan, ta k h i da tix nong vao sau, c^n tien hanh "cong bo kiem t h i " 214

(vifa tan cong benh ta vHa boi diidng cd the). Giai doan cuoi, benh lau ngay Ian k h i p toan than, chinh k h i suy kiet, ta k h i hoanh hanh, can tien hanh "phu chinh c6' ban" (phii t r d chinh khi de giut lay cai goc (sinh mang), dong thdi coi trong viec dieu chinh trang thai can h&ng cua am diidng k h i huyet trong toan bo cd the. Trong dieu t r i ung ih\i, Dong y thiidng svi dung 3 nhom thuoc chinh: (1) Nhom thuoc "cong td", c6 tac dung tieu diet hoac ijtc che te bao ung thuf; Thifdng la nhiSng v i thuoc thanh nhiet giai doc n h i i "bach hoa xa thiet thao", "ban chi lien", "bach mao ding", "loi cong dang", "that diep tien", "long nha thao",... Mot so' vi thuo'c c6 doc n h u "ban mieu", "phe thach", "thiem to"... (2) Nhom thuoc bo, c6 tac dung nang cao chinh khi, nhii "nhan sam", "hoang ky", "diidng quy", "sinh dia", "nvL trinh tvi", "thien mon dong"... (3) Nhom thuoc dieu hoa, bao gom thuo'c " n h u y i n kien tan ket" (lam tan khoi u) nhil "con bo", "huyen sam", "ha kho thao"...; Thuoc "hoat huyet hoa if" (tang ciidng hoat luc cua huyet dich, chong \i huyet) nhiJ "tam lang",

"nga

truat", "xuyen khung", "dan sfim"..^..^^^..^j.^^^^..i;i Viec ket hdp thich dang va hdp ly cac v i thuoc noi tren, se tao nen hieu qua hiep dong: 215

Kiem che diidc sif phat trien cua te bao u n g thvf, cai thien, hoan giai cac chijfng trang lam sang, dong thdi tang cifdng the lUc v a chijtc nang cua he mien dich, lam giam nhQng ro'i loan sinh ly do ph&u thuat, xa t r i ho&c hoa dUdc gay nen, keo dai them thdi gian song cua ngUdi benh. Ban chi lien v a bach hoa xa thiet thao deu la nhijtng v i thuoc moc hoang 6 khSp ndi. (1) Ban chi lien (BCL): Con c6 ten la "thong tam thao", "tii lien thao", "thuy han t i n " , "khe bien hoang cam", "da ha kho thao", "hiep diep han t i n thao"... Ten khoa hoc la Scutellaria barbata D. Don, thuoc ho Hoa moi. Theo Dong y cdtruyen, BCL c6 v i cay, tinh binh. Co tac dung thanh nhiet, giai doc, tan lif, chi huyet (cam mau), dinh thong (giam dau), t r i tho huyet, nuc huyet (chay mau mvii), huyet lam (tieu tien l ^ n mau), hoang dan, yet hau dong thong, phe ung... - Lieu diing: Sic uong 15-30g kho hoac 3060g tiidi. - Kieng ky: Ngiidi huyet h u khong nen dung. Co thai can than trong k h i s\i dung.

> v-.

• Tdc dung chiJta ung thit Theo "Trung DiKJc Dai TiiDien" K H K T XBX, 1995). 216

(Thifdng Hai

- Ket qua nghien ci2u diidc ly: BCL c6 tac dung Tic che' nhat dinh doi vcti te bao ung thiJ mau cap tinh dang hat (cap tinh lap tebdo hinh bach huyet benh - acute granulocyte leukemia), hieu suat iJtc che c6 triidng hdp dat 75%. ? - Kit qua nghien citu lam sang: Dung BCL 30g, sic 2 niidc, uohg sang chieu, hoac uong thay tra. Quan sat ca ung t h i i thuc quan va ung t h i i phoi sau k h i dung thuoc cl mot bo phan benh nhan chting trang difdc cai thien, nhiJng chiia chiing minh difdc c6 kha nang chiia t r i tan goc. (2) Mot thu: nghiem khdc. Diing BCL 30g, bach anh 30g, sac niidc uong moi ngay 1 thang, chuta ung t h i i phoi (phe nham), cac chiing trang cai thien ci mijtc do nhat dinh. (2) Bach hoa xa thiet thao (BHXTT): Con c6 ten la "boi ngoi bo", "xa thiet thao", "uy cifdc bach hoa xa Idi thao", "xa thiet hoang", "muc muc sinh chu thao", "xa tong quan",... Ten khoa hoc la Oldenlandia diffusa Willd., thuoc ho Ca phe. Theo Dong y cd truyen, BHXTT c6 v i d i n g ngot, t i n h lanh, vao 3 k i n h tam, can va t y kinh. Co tac dung t h a n h nhiet, Idi thap, giai doc. Diing de t r i chCfng ho do phe nhiet, viem hong, viem ruot thijfa, kiet l i , so't cao, hoang dan, viem khoang bung, cac chiing ung nhot, r i n cSn... - o--• • ^^--^.i--

- Lieu diing:

30-60g s i c uong hoac gia v a t lay

t u d i , b p h d N g u y i n A n N i n h , H a N o i , da t i i n g

nifdc uong. D u n g ngoai gia dap. - Kieng

ky/. P h u nQ c6 m a n g p h a i d u n g can

than.

D M C Dai

s\i d u n g b a i thuoc d a n g i a n t r e n . G i i i a n a m 2005, ba dUdc b e n h v i e n c h a n doan l a u n g t h i i v o m h o n g . K h o i u ci v i t r i h a c h a - m i - d a n , da

â&#x20AC;˘ Tdc dung chUa ung thiC C u n g theo "Trung

CO d i p chtjtng kie'n t r i i d n g hdp m o t p h u nQ 82

phat trien TiiDien"

to, c6 m o t n h a n h t h o i r a

chen

n g a n g cd h o n g , k h i e n a n u o n g r a t k h o k h a n .

- K e t qua n g h i e n c i i u difdc l y : B H X T T c6 tac

Do t u d i cao siic y e u , k h o n g d u sijtc t i e p n h a n

d u n g lie che t i i d n g doi m a n h doi v 6 i te bao u n g

cac b i e n p h a p d i e u t r i cua Y hoc h i e n d a i , gia

t h i i l a m ba cap t i n h (acute l y m p h a t i c l e u k e m i a ) ,

d i n h q u y e t d i n h cho ba u o n g b a i thuoc n h i i

te bao bach cau h a t (granulocyte l e u k e m i a ) , te

bac H y R a u . K e t qua k h d i u da nho d i r a t

bao bach cau ddn n h a n (monocyte) v a bach cau

n h a n h , a n u o n g d l d a n g d a n , tUcing b e n h se

hat m a n t i n h .

k h o i b a n . A i ngd, k h i u o n g difdc gan 40 t h a n g ,

- Ket qua nghien ciiu lam sang: D u n g B H X T T che' thuoc t i e m nong do 100%, ngay t i e m 3 I a n , m6i I a n 2 m l ; chQa u n g t h i i co t\i cung, u n g t h i i da day, u n g t h u gan, t h a y b e n h t i n h difdc cai t h i e n d m i i c do khac n h a u .

ba cam t h a y b i suy k i e t n a n g , nguldi m e t l a , k h o n g nhac n d i c h a n t a y , . . . c6 cam giac n h i f chet den n d i , theo n h i f ba k e . M a y t h a y , sau do ba da dUdc m o t t h a y t h u o c D o n g y k h a c chxJa cho dn d i n h .

v a B H X T T deu l a n h i i n g v i thuoc

T o m l a i , k e t qua n g h i e n c i i u difdc l y va l a m

thuoc n h o m "cong t a " . S i i d u n g d d n doc thuoc

sang cho t h a y , k i n h n g h i e m d a n g i a n d u n g B C L

"cong t a " ( k h o n g p h o i hdp v 6 i t h u o c b d va

va B H X T T chuta u n g t h i l , c6 cd sci n h a t d i n h .

thuoc d i e u hoa), n o i c h u n g se c6 tac d u n g r a t

Tuy n h i e n , b a i thuoc c6 t h e hdp v 6 i ngifdi nay,

BCL

n h a n h va m a n h . N e u p h u hdp cd d i a (benh t i n h , t u d i tac, t h e \\ic...) c6 t h e c6 k e t q u a m a u chong. N e u k h o n g hdp cd d i a , hoac u o n g l a u dai,

CO t h e tao n e n p h a n i i n g p h u v6 c u n g

nguy hiem. Giiia t h a n g 3 n a m nay, ngifdi viet

218

ma k h o n g p h u hdp v 6 i ngifdi khac, va c i i n g c6 mot

so tac d u n g p h u . T r U d n g hdp cap

thiet

muon stf dung, can t i e n h a n h dudi svf g i a m sat cac t h a y thuoc c6 k i n h n g h i e m . Ltrang y H i r O a n

219

NCirdl C A Y , T O C RUNG,

n h a t d i n h - t u y thuoc vao t h e t r a n g , t u o i tac,

HANH KINH DAU BUNG

dieu k i e n t h d i t i e t va k h i h a u . . . Muo'n d u n g thuoc N a m de chiJa t r i h a n h k i n h d a u b u n g c6

+ Hoi: Chdu nam nay 22 tuoi, cao 1,6m nhun^^ ngudi gay (38kg), Iqi hay bi chong mat, hoa mat vu rung toe nhieu. Chdu dd uong cdc thuoc bo tan duac,

h i e u qua, can lUa chon b a i thuoc t h i c h hdp - can ciit vao n h i i n g bieu h i e n cu t h e ( t r i e u chijtng) n h i i sau:

bo sung can-xi, sat... nhung khong thd'y dff. Ngodi ra

â&#x20AC;¢ N e u triicic k h i c6 k i n h m o t h a i ngay x u a t

chdu Iqi thu&ng bi dau bung khi hdnh kinh, mSi Idn

h i e n n h f l n g cdn d a u a m i hoac d a u t h a t t a i b u n g

hdnh kinh dau den phdt sot. Chdu dd di khdm phu

dxidi, xoa n a n k h o n g d6 d a u , d a u x u y e n r a m a n g

khoa, bdc si cho uong thuoc nhung khong thdy do;

siidn. Co k h i d a u den va mo h o i l a n h , m a t t i m

an trAng gd vdi ngdi cihi eung khong co kit qua. Vi

t a i , c h a n t a y l a n h toat, m a t hoa, 1dm giong n o n

vdy chdu rat mong duac "Thuoc

mtfa. L u d n g k i n h h u y e t k h i n h i e u k h i i t , c6 l l n

vu&n nhd" hu&nii

dan cho nhitng thvC thuoc ed the giup chdu chira khvi

h u y e t kho'i. Dong y cho r a n g , do l a do " k h i t r e

duac benh.

h u y e t Tjf", va c6 t h e d u n g cac b a i 1 va 2 dxidi day de c h i i a :

+ Dap: Cac t h a y thuoc D o n g y t h U d n g bao: K i n h n g u y e t l a tarn gUdng p h a n a n h t i n h t r a n g sijtc khoe cua n g i f d i p h u nut. V i v a y trif6c h e t c h a u n e n t a p t r u n g vao c h i i a t r i h a n h k i n h dau b u n g . M o t k h i k i n h n g u y e t da dieu hoa, h a n h k i n h k h o n g con b i d a u b u n g . . . t h i cd t h e se tr() n e n day d a n , va cac t r i e u c h i i n g nhiJ chonK m a t , hoa mSt, toe r u n g . . . c i i n g se g i a m

dan

hoac b i e n m a t . "TriCng gd + Ngdi ci2u" l a t h i i thuoc t o t . Chau da d u n g m a k h o n g c6 ke't qua bcfi v i : D o i v6i n h f l n g ngiidi cung b i m&c m o t benh, m o i bai thuoc Dong y c h i t h i c h 220

iJtng

v 6 i m o t so doi tifdn '

Bai

thuoc

1: T r i i n g ga 2 q u a , i c h mku t h a o

tvfdi 30g (kho 12g), c u cot k h i 12g, t h e m nu6c vao d u n d e n k h i trijfng c h i n . L a y trijtng r a hoc bo v6, cho vao n o i d u n t h e m k h o a n g 5 p h u t n i i a . Bo ba thuoc, a n trijtng ga v a u o n g nif6c thuoc. C h i a t h a n h 2 I a n a n t r o n g ngay; trUcic m o i k y k i n h a n l i e n t u c 5-7 ngay n h u v a y ; k h i CO k i n h t h i ngiing. Bai thuoc 2: Q u a sdn t r a (bo h a t ) 500g, d e m n g a m v d i 3 0 0 m l r i i d u t r e n 40 do; M 6 i ngay lac mot I a n , sau 10 ngay c6 t h e s^i d u n g . T n i 6 c k h i CO k i n h 5-7 ngay, m o i ngay uong 2 I a n , m 6 i I a n 10ml; k h i c6 k i n h t h i n g i i n g . 221

. Neu trxidc hoac sau k h i hanh kinh thUdng thay bung d\idi dau triJdng hoac dau that; bung CO cam giac lanh, thich chiidm nong; Ngay hanh k i n h keo dai, lifdng kinh i t , chat kinh loang c6 khi kem theo cac cue mau. Nhat mieng, kem an, chat liidi nhdt, r i a lifdi c6 vet rang, reu ludi nhdt... Theo Dong y, do la do "han ngifng huyet vi" gay nen. Co the dCing Bai 3 va Bai 4 de chQa: Bdi thuoc 3: Tning ga 2 qua, ngai cufu tiJdi 30g (kho 12g), v6 que 8g. Che bie'n va dung nhxi Bai 1. Bdi thuoc 4: V6 que 6g, sdn tra 9g, difdng k i n h 20g. TrUdc m6i ky kinh, hang ngay dung bai thuoc tren thay tra uong hang ngay; Lien tuc 5-7 ngay, k h i thay k i n h t h i ngtfng. . Neu kinh nguyet khong deu, k h i s6m k h i muon, lildng kinh k h i nhieu k h i i t , chat kinh loang, sic kinh nhat; vung bung dxi&i dau lam ram, mat xanh nhdt, dau choang, tai u, liing goi moi dau, tinh than ue oai... Dong y cho r&ng do la do " k h i huyet suy nhifdc" gay nen, c6 the dung Bdi thuoc 5 de boi bo: Bdi thuoc 5: Dudng quy 30g, hoang ky 30g, gvfng tiidi 50g, thit de 250g. T h i t de thai thanh mieng, gtfng thai sdi, diidng quy va hoang ky hoc trong vai man. Tat ca cho vao noi nau v6i nxidc cho chin nhiif; bo ba, them gia v i cho v t o mieng, moi ngay an mot Ian, lien tuc 5-7 ngay trvfdc moi ky kinh. 222

T H U O C NAM C H C A VIEM MUI MAN TINH + Hoi: T6i bi viem mui da nhieu nam va da dung thi nhieu bai thuoc dan gian, trong do c6 cd cay hoa iCiit Ion, ma van khong ^ "Thuoc

khoi. Vi vdy rat mong

duac

vu&n nhd" hu&ng ddn cu the horn ve each

chita tri bang thuoc

Nam.

+ Dap: Viem mui man tinh (VMMT), trong Tay y thudng chia thanh 3 loai: 1. VMMT dm thudn: Trieu chiing chu yeu la m i i i hay bi chay nii6c va tac mui 2. VMMT phi dai: M u i chay nifdc dac c6 kem chiit,, mu, m u i tSc nghiem trong, lien tuc, tai Ci, siic nghe giam sut... 3. VMMT kho (teo): Thiidng hay ngiia trong miii, miii de bi xuat huyet, mieng hoi... Bieu hien dac trvfng nhat cua V M M T la tSc miii. K h i m&c phai benh nay, m i i i thifdng chay nxidc va m i i i tSc tiing liic, nSm nghieng ve ben nao t i c ben ay, nen trong Dong y thifdng goi la "ty t r a t " (ty - m i i i , trat = be tkc, khong thong). Neu thdi tiet va k h i hau binh thiidng t h i benh nhan vkn ng^i tot. Do tSc m i i i nen c6 nhiing hau qua kem theo nhil ngay to, noi giong m i i i , hat hdi, kho cd, nhiic dau... Neu khong phong t r i kip thdi, benh se ngay mot tang dan, miii t&c lien tuc, k h u t k h i t , chay nUdc miii dac c6 mCii hoi, nguti kem dan, niem mac miii qua phat va CO nhQng ndi thoai hoa, vCing t r a n 223

trixdng dau... Dong y goi do la "Ty uyen" hoac "Nao lau". De tien hanh dieu tri bang thuoc Nam, tren lam sang thiidng chia thanh 3 loai hinh chinh: /. Loqiphong hdn - Bieu hien: Mui thiiclng chay nxidc trong, mui hay tac, luc phat manh c6 the din t6i dau dau triidng; gap miia hoac lanh benh tang them; reu l\idi tring; mach nho yeu (nhu te). - Phep chita: Tuyen phe thong khieu, sd phong tan han. - Bai thuoc: + Bdi 1: Blip da 6g, tia to 9g, gilng 5 lat, hanh 3 cu. Tat ca dem sSc v6i midc, chia 3 Ian uong trong ngay. Uong lien tuc trong 5 ngay (1 lieu trinh), nghi 3 ngay roi lai bat dau lieu trinh khac. + Bai 2: TriJtng ga 2 qua, blip da 6g; Dem triing ga luoc vdi hup (Ja; khi chin hoc triing an va uong nxidc thuoc. Lien tuc trong 5 ngay, nghi 3 ngay roi lai bat dau liSu trinh khac. 2. Loqiphong nhiet: - Bieu hien: Mui tic hen tuc, chay nU6c miii dac, dau trUdng dau, tai u, phien tao; reu liidi vang, mach nhanh. - Phep chSa: Thanh nhiet tan phong, tuyen phe thong khieu. f, ^n, uv j 224

-Bdithud'c: s + Bdi 1: La dau 9g, hoa cue 6g, hanh nhan

9g, gao te 60g. La dau va hoa cue sic ky, chat

lay nxidc, cho hanh nhan va gao vao nau chao, ehia ra an trong ngay. Dung m6i ngay 1 thang, lien tuc trong nhieu ngay. + Bdi 2: To ong 30g. Sau khi vat het mat, lay sap cho vao mieng nhai, nuot dan. M6i ngay hoac each ngay an 1 Ian. Lien tuc trong 5-6 ngay (1 lieu trinh). 3. Loqi dm hit: - Bieu hien: Mui tac lien tuc, nu6c mui c6 nhieu vay, mui de xua't huyet, mieng ding, hdi I thb hoi, phien toai kho ngu; chat liidi do reu lifdi 1 vang, mach nho nhanh. r - Phep chUa: Du3ng am thanh nhiet. - Bdi thuoc: + Bdi 1: Mai rua 15g, thue dia 9g, v6 quit 6g, mat ong tuy thich. Dem 3 vi dau sic ky, chat lay nif6c, pha them chut mat ong vao uong. Moi ngay 1 thang, lien tuc trong 7-10 ngay (1 lieu trinh). + Bdi 2: Dau vtfng 30g, hoang lien 3g. Dem hoang Hen ngam trong dau vtfng, sau 1 tuan c6 the diing dau do de nho mui; Moi ngay nho 3-5 Ian, moi Ian vai giot; hen tuc cho den khi khoi. 225

Theo Dong y, cay hoa cijtt Idn c6 v i cay, d&ng, t i n h mat; c6 tac dung thanh nhiet, giai doc, sat trung, tieu thung, true xi. Nhieu ngiidi svi dung cay hoa exit Idn de chQa t r i viem m u i man t i n h va viem xoang c6 ket qua tot. Tuy nhien, v i thuoc nay chi phat huy tac dung doi vdi cac triidng hdp viem m u i thuoc dang "phong nhiet", k h i dung doi vdi dang "am h i l " nen phoi hdp vdi mot so' v i thuoc bo am, khong thich hdp vdi triidng hdp "phong han". Ban nen cSn cfl vao bieu hien cu the ci ban than, de lUa chon cho minh bai thuoc thich hdp, trong so' cac bai thuoc ke tren. Lifong y H u D a n

TRd LAI BAI THUOC CHUA VIEM MUI MAN TINH + Hoi: Toi bi viem mui tit nam 1993. Gdn day, trong muc "Thuoc vuan nhd", Tri Thixc Tri so 145, c6 gidi thieu bdi thuoc chifa viem mui man tinh the Phong hdn, v&i nhvmg bieu hien nhu tac mHi, nude mm trong, gap mua hoqc gid lanh benh tang ten, reu ludi trdng... Toi cUng co nhiicng bieu hien tuffng tu nhu vdy. Ngodi ra, cdn cam thdy nong d ngodi da, nhung uong thuoc ha sot khong da vd cap nhiet do

thi thdy or mile binh thit&ng. Toi khong Met co the sv[ dung bdi thuoc tren de chUa hay khong? Trong bdi thuoc CO bup da, do co phdi Id bup cua cay da thu&ng trong a chda vd den th& hay khong? + Dap: Thuoc vUdn nhd - Tri Thitc Tri so 145, CO gidi thieu 2 bai thuoc ddn gian, chQa Viem mui man tinh the Phong hdn. Bdi 1: Blip da 6g, tia to 9g, gtfng 5 lat, hanh 3 cu. Tat ca dem sSc vdi nxidc, chia 3 Ian uohg trong ngay. Bdi 2: Trijfng ga 2 qua, blip da 6g. Dem triing ga luoc vdi blip da; k h i chin hoc trijtng an va uong niJdc thuoc. Ca 2 bai thuoc deu si3t dung Hen tuc 5 ngay (1 heu trinh), nghi 3 ngay, tie'p theo lai b&t dau heu t r i n h khac. Ngay sau k h i so' Tri Thitc Tri noi tren phat hanh, mot ban nam ci Quang Nam, da goi dien cho chiing toi hoi them ve mot so' chi tiet, than phien khong the kiem diidc blip da, co the dung vi thuoc nao khac thay the hay khong. Gan day, ban do da hen he lai, noi rang benh da dd, va hoi ve each thiic gia giam k h i benh da thuyen giam. Triidc het xin noi ro, de chuta t r i viem mui, Dong y thiidng svL dung v i thuoc "tan d i " . Thdi bao cap, do thieu thuoc, nhieu thay thuoc da cho benh nhan dung "blip da" thay the "tan d i " , 227

tha'y cung c6 k e t qua n h a t d i n h . Cay da t u y c6

tii lieu tuyen hien"), n h i i n g lieu Itfdng g h i t r o n g

s&n ci... "vUdn nha", n h i i n g h i e n t a i de k i e m

sach cao hdn: T r i i n g ga 3 qua, t a n d i 9g. Theo

difdc b u p da d u n g l a m thuoc, la v a n de t h a t

Dong y, t a n d i c6 v i cay, t i n h am, d u n g l a u k h 6 n g

k h o n g ddn g i a n . T r o n g k h i den cac h i e u thuoc

c6 Idi d6i v6i nhQng ngUdi b i benh l a u ngay, cd

D o n g N a m diJdc, m u a " t a n d i " l a i d l d a n g h d n .

the suy nhifdc, nen p h a n k i e n g k y d t r e n n6i,

V i vay, c h u n g t o i da mach b a n doc ci Quang N a m m u a " t a n d i " ve d u n g . Theo D o n g y, t a n d i c6 v i cay, t i n h a m ; vao 2 k i n h Phe v a V i . Co tac d u n g trxi phong, t h o n g k h i e u ( t h o n g cac giac quan). C h u y e n d u n g chfla cac c h i i n g d a u d a u , 6c buot, m u i tSc, m u i chay nxidc, chong m a t , d a u r a n g . Theo "Than Nong ban thdo kinh" con chiia c h i i n g cd the n o n g l a n h t h a t t h i i d n g do boat dong cua t a n g p h u b i r o i l o a n v a da m a t h i x a m den. - Lieu li/cfng: Ttf 3-9g, s&c uong hoac hoan t a n . Diing ngodi:

N g h i e n m i n nhet vao 16 m u i ,

hoac hap l a y niidc nho vao m u i . - Kieng ky/. N g i f d i a m h i i boa v i i d n g k h o n g

kh6ng nen d u n g doc v i v 6 i nhutng ngifdi " a m hxi hoa vUdng". T r o n g k h i d6 t r i i n g ga c6 v i ngot, t i n h b i n h , c6 tac d u n g dvfdng huyet, n h u a n tao, tif a m . N e n dem t a n d i ket hdp v6i t r i i n g ga, se dUdc mot b a i thuoc c6 tac d u n g "c6ng b6' k i e m t h i " , nghia la vvia. c6 tac d u n g boi bo cd the. Do do, CO the ap d u n g cho ca n h i i n g ngvtdi b i mSc benh l a u ngay, cd the da suy yeu. V 6 i t r U d n g hdp cua ban, theo c h i i n g t 6 i n g h i , t r o n g t h d i g i a n d a u , n e n svL d u n g pho'i hdp, dong t h d i ca 2 b a i thu6'c t r e n : Luoc t r i i n g ga va v 6 i n h i i n g v i thuoc t r o n g B a i 1. K h i nao benh t a m 6'n d i n h , t h i c6 the c h i can d u n g r i e n g B a i 2, de cung co'va duy t r i h i e u qua.

n e n d u n g doc v i t a n d i . T r o n g 2 b a i thu6c n6i ci t r e n , B a i 1 c6 t i n h c6ng p h a t m a n h , t h i f d n g d u n g cho t r i i d n g hdp b e n h dang p h a t tac, n h i i n g v 6 i nhQng ngifdi cd the da suy yeu, c6 the k h 6 n g t h i c h hdp va k h 6 n g nen &\1 d u n g d a i ngay. Bai 2 diidc de cap t r o n g mot t u y e n tap cac bai thuoc d a n gian, s i i u t a m dufdc ci T r u n g Qu6c (theo sach "DOn phUdng nghiem phiicfng dieu tra 228

VIEM TUYEN TIEN LIET MAN TINH •

+ Hoi:

•

Toi 73 tuoi. Id doc gid cua Tri Thdc Tre.

Dqc Met toi rat quan tam den chuyen muc

"Thuoc

vu&n nhd". Vi bdn than toi mang nhieu benh: "Dai thdo dudng" va "Viem tuyen tien liet". Tieu du&ng da dieu tri 3-4 nam, nhung ket qua khong ddng ke. 229

Rieng "Viem tuyen tien liet" da dieu tri vdi dot a tuyen huyen, chi gidm duac thci gian ddu. Hien nay, moi dim di tieu 3-4 Idn, dU dd hqn che uong na&c toi da... Nhdn xem "Thuoc vudn nhd" - Tri ThAc Tre so 146, CO bdi thuoc chUa "Viem tuyen tien liet man tinh", toi mud'n duac hu&ng ddn cu the hon. Vd neu CO the duac, xin mdch vdi bdi thuoc co hieu nghiem dechUa 2 chdng benh tren. + Dap: So nay, chung toi x i n mach ong each sif dung mot so' bai thuoc Nam de chfla "Viem tuyen tien liet man tinh" (VTTLMT). Con benh tieu difdng, xin difdc de cap trong dip khac. Cho den nay, nguyen nhan gay nen V T T L M T v l n chiia xac dinh difdc hoan toan day du; Tay y v&n chila c6 mot he thong ly luan nhat quan ve nguyen nhan gay nen can benh nay. Theo quan diem hien hanh, benh c6 the lien quan den cac nhan to nhii n h i l m khuan, miยงn dich, dac diem k h i chat, va chu yeu la do sung huyet. V T T L M T tifdng ijtng vdi cac chiing "tinh troc", "lao lam" va "bach dam" trong Dong y. Theo Dong y, CO nhiJng nguyen nhan nhif sau gay nen benh: (1) Ngoai cam nhiet doc, hoac phong s\ thieu ve sinh, "thap nhiet" l i dong trong "tinh that" ma gay nen benh. (2) Ham muon tinh due khong difdc thoa man, hoac c6 kiem che khong xuat tinh trong k h i giao hdp, khien cho Hoa cl tang than bi uat ket l a i ma gay nen benh. 230

(3) Phong that qua do, khien "tinh that" bi trong rong, "thap nhiet" nhan cd hoi tham nhap vao ma gay nen benh. Trere Tri TMc Tre so 146, eo de cap tdi mot bai thuoc chuta V T T L M T , vdi muc dieh minh hoa nhflng tac dung cua v i thuoc Huyen sam. Bai thuoc do chi c6 the ap dung cho mot so trifdng hdp V T T L M T . De sijt dung thuoc Nam c6 ket qua tot, can phan biet dung loai hinh benh, vi tuy eCing mot benh nhufng vdi moi loai hinh lai ap dung nhiing phep t r i va bai thuoc khong giohg nhii nhau. Tren lam sang, Dong y thvTdng chia V T T L M T ra eae loai sau day: 1. Thap nhiet ung tre: - Trieu chring: Dai gap, dai nhieu Ian, nieu dao dau nong, k h i niide tieu ra het hoac k h i dai tien ci dau nieu dao c6 nhutng giot dieh t r i n g tiet ra; vung bung dildi, vung xiidng song difdi that lifng, huyet hoi am (ci gifla giang mon va t i n h hoan), t i n h hoan c6 cam giac triidng dau kho chiu; mieng kho dang ma dinh, reu lUdi vang nhdt, mach boat sac (trdn, nhanh). - Phep chiea: Thanh nhiet Idi thap.

- Bdi thuoc tieu bieu (ty gidi phdn thanh dm gia gidm): ty giai lOg, xa tien thao lOg, phuc linh lOg, dan sam lOg, hoang ba 6g, y di lOg, hau phae lOg, lien tam lOg, xiTdng bo lOg. 231

sic hai nxidc, hdp hai nxidc lai, chia thanh 3 phan uong trong ngay. Tat ca cac v i thuoc tren, deu c6 the mua difdc d cac cvia hang Dong Nam diidc. 2. Am hu hod dpng:

- Trieu chiCng: Lxing go'i moi yeu, dau choang m&t hoa, dem ngu hay bi di tinh, hoa viidng nen difdng sU de hot k h & ; khong chi luc tieu tien ma ca liic dai tien cung c6 chat dich trfing tiet ra ci nieu dao, tham chi t i n h due hdi hi kich dong chat dich cung da t u r i ra, hoac la t i n h dich c6 Ian mau; chat liidi do, reu liidi it, mach huyen te sac (cang, nho, nhanh). - Phep chita: Tut than dvfdng am, thanh tiet tvfdng hoa. - Bdi thuoc tieu bieu thang gia gidm):

(Tri bd dia

hodng

T r i m i u 15g, Hoang ba 6g,

Sinh dia 12g, Ngo thCi du lOg, Sdn dUdc 20g, Dan b i lOg, Phuc l i n h lOg, Trach ta lOg. SSc hai nifdc, hdp hai nildc l a i , chia thanh 3 phan uong trong ngay. 3. Than duang hit suy:

- Trieu chvCng: Sd lanh, lifng moi goi lanh, difdng nuy (rci loan ciidng ciing), tao tiet (xuat t i n h sdm), di tinh, t i n h than ue oai, ngon chan ngon tay lanh, dai tien nhao; k h i lam viec met 232

nhoc thiidng c6 chat dich tiet ra b nieu dao; chat lifdi nhat, reu lifdi t r i n g , mach t r a m nhifdc (chim, yeu). - Phep chUa: Bo than trd difdng.

"'^

- Bdi thuoc tieu bieu: Sinh dia lOg, thuc dia lOg, sdn difdc lOg, phuc l i n h lOg, tuc doan lOg, kim anh txi 15g, ngii boi t\i 12g, ich t r i nhan lOg, tho ty tijt 15g, do trong lOg, ky t\i lOg, difdng quy lOg, nhuc que 4g. SSc hai nildc, hdp hai nifdc l a i , chia thanh 3 phan uong trong ngay. ,,,,,, 4. Khi huyet vc tri:

- -'^

- Trieu chiing: Benh keo dai lau ngay khien cho k h i huyet b i i i tre: Vung bung difdi, xifdng song vCing difdi that lifng, t i n h hoan, hoi am trifdng dau nhif xe xuong; hoac c6 nieu huyet, huyet t i n h (tinh dich Ian mau); chat lifdi t i m c6 diem ijf huyet, mach phan nhieu t r a m sap (chim, r i t ) . - Phep chUa: Hoat huyet hoa i i . - Bdi thuoc tieu bieu: Dao nhan lOg, hong hoa lOg, xich thiidc lOg, dan sam 20g, trach Ian lOg, huyen ho each lOg, xuyen sdii giap 5g, ngifu tat lOg, difdng quy lOg. Neu tuyen tien liet bi xd Cling, can them tam lang 6g, nga truat 6g, tao giac thich 6g. SSc hai nifdc, hdp hai nifdc lai, chia thanh 3 phan uong trong ngay. ,, 233

THUOC THANG CAN SAC NHl/THE NAO? + Hoi: T6i Id mot doc gid thu&ng xuyen

cua Tri

ThAc Tri. May nam tritdc toi da duffc doc bdi noi ve cac loai dm sac thuoc dang tren guy bdo. Nay co mot van de khdc, mong dugc hoi them:

Co phdi mdi Ian

sac thuoc deu phdi dung 3 bat nu&c, dun lay 1 bat, rot chat ra khong?

Vi toi dung dm chuyen

diing de sac

thuoc, do 3 bat nu&c vdo, nhung khi rot nu&c thuoc ra chi cdn co nda bat. V&i tru&ng hop nhu vqy, xin cho Met cdn phdi gidi quyet nhu

thendo?

+ Dap: Thtfc ra, van de ma ong quan tam, c6 lien quan den "lifdng nu6c", "do l^a" va "thdi gian" trong k h i sSc thuoc. Nuoic la dung moi chu yeu cua thang thuoc. Cac thay thuoc Dong y r a t chu y t d i cac loai nudc dung de sSc thuoc. Tham chi, mot so sach thuoc thdi xiia con yeu cau dol vdi moi loai thuoc, phai chon dung mot loai nxidc rieng. Tuy nhien, doi hoi qua cau ky n h i i vay cung khong can thiet va r a t kho thuc hien. Tren thuc te, t a t ca nhiJng thxi niidc thifOng diing de nau an, nhxi niidc gieng, nifdc may, nifdc mUa va nildc suo'i, deu co the dung de sSc thuoc. Chu yeu la nxidc phai t i n h khiet, khong hi 6 nhiem. 234

LUdng nxidc cung co anh hudng trUc tiep den chat lifdng thang thuoc. Nvfdc qua nhieu, thoi gian dun keo dai, co the lam ton that hoac pha hoai mat mot so' hoat chat trong thuoc. NgiiOc lai, nxidc qua i t , se khien cac hoat chat trong thuoc kho hoa tan vao trong nifdc thuoc. Thvfc ra, Ivfdng nxidc nhieu hay i t , la tuy thuoc vao ^ trong lUdng, the tich, do r l n ch&c va tinh tham niidc cua cac v i thuoc trong thang thuoc. Khoi liidng thuoc b&ng nhau, nhiing neu chat thuoc mem xop, co do h u t nildc cao, c^n tang them nxidc; Chat thuoc chic dac, do hut niidc thap, can giam bdt nxidc di. N h i i trong thang thuoc co nhieu t h i i la, hoa - chat nhe xop can tang them nxidc; thuoc co nhieu loai re, cu, khoang vat can giam bdt nxidc di. Noi chung, doi vdi phan Idn cac loai thuoc, sau k h i cho thuoc vao noi hoac vao am, can do vao do mot lUdng niidc sao cho nildc ngap tren mat thuoc tijf 2-5cm. Con \xi6n% nxidc chat ra sau k h i sSc xong, t h i phu thuoc vao do Ilia va thdi gian sac.

Do Ilia k h i s i c thuoc goi la "Hoa hau". Hoa hau CO hai thii: Liia to goi la " v i i hoa", \xia. nho goi la "van hoa". Hoa hau to nho co anh hiidng Idn den chat lifdng thuoc. Lv(a qua 16n, co the lam cho nxidc thuoc trao ra ngoai, gay lang p h i va phan thuoc diidi day noi b i chay. Thuoc da b i chay t h i chat Itfdng thuoc cung bi thay doi, can phai bo di, tuyet doi khong cho them nxidc vao 235

d u n l a i . Ngifdc l a i , IvLa qua nho t h i k h o n g d u do

1. Thuoc bo: Cac t h a n g thuoc bo, t h i i d n g gom

nong, de hoa t a n cac h o a t chat cua thuoc vao

n h i e u v i thuoc c h i c dac, n h i i cac l o a i cu, r i cay,

d u n g dich, nen h i e u qua cua thuoc cung h i g i a m

Sling, m a i , x i i d n g dong vat... Cho n e n t h i i d n g

d i . K h i d u n thuoc, can day v u n g cho k i n . N h a t

can s&c k y de cho thuoc hoa t a n h e t vao d u n g

l a k h i d i i n g " v a n hoa" m a de mci noi, t h i n\idc

dich. V d i cac t h a n g thuoc bo, can dCing \\ia to

k h o n g soi l e n diidc, p h a n thuoc p h i a t r e n t r i i d n g

d u n cho soi l e n , sau do d u n g \\ia nho h a m cho

r a va kho het niidc, con p h a n thuoc d dxiSi l a i

y, nifdc d a u can s&c t r o n g k h o a n g 45 p h u t , cac

h a y b i chay; N e u day v u n g t h i h i e n tUdng n h u

xidc sau k h o a n g 30 p h u t .

v a y se k h o n g xay r a . S&c thuoc la mot viec he t r o n g , k h o n g the x e m thiJdng, k h o n g nen dat n o i thuoc l e n bep r o i bo d i l a m viec khac, can c h u y theo d5i de c6 t h e xik l y k i p t h d i .

;

Thuoc

gidi

cam

(gidi

bieu):

Cac

huoc g i a i cam cua D o n g y t h i i d n g bao

thang gom

nhQng l o a i cay c6 nhif: T i a to, k i n h gidi, bac h a , k i m n g a n , l i e n k i e u , m a hoang, h a n h , gvfng...

Trifdc k h i s^c thuoc, t o t n h a t nen n g a m thuoc

K h i v i cay t h d m (chiia cac l o a i t i n h dau), sSc l a u

t r o n g niidc l a n h 30-60 p h u t , de cho cac v i thuoc

chat thuoc se b i p h a t t a n m a t . V i vay, c h i do

n g a m nifdc, nci r a , k h i e n cac chat h i i u h i e u

nMdc ngap m a t thuoc k h o a n g 0,5-1cm, d u n g \\ia

t r o n g v i thuoc de hoa t a n t r o n g d u n g dich k h i

to ( v i i hoa), d u n n h a n h , r o i r o t r a uong ngay.

s i c . N o i chung, cac t h a n g thuoc deu diidc sac

T h o n g t h i f d n g , niidc d a u d u n k h o a n g 10 p h u t ,

theo p h i i d n g t h i i c " t i e n v u h a u v a n " : D u n \\ia. to

niJdc t h i i h a i 5 p h i i t .

cho soi len, r o i d u n nho Ixia. Rieng do'i v d i cac t h a n g thuoc g i a i cam, t h a n h n h i e t , thuoc c6 m u i t h d m (chiia t i n h dau), can d u n g vQ hoa n a u n h a n h , de t r a n h t i n h

dau bi mat mat

qua

n h i e u . D o i v d i nhving l o a i thuoc bo, v i d a m , chat thuoc dac chSc, sau k h i d u n g v i i hoa d u n soi, can d u n g v a n hoa n a u t r o n g t h d i gian d a i , de cho cac chat t r o n g v i thuoc t i e t r a t r i e t de. T h d i g i a n d u n m o t t h a n g thuoc k h o n g co' d i n h , ma t u y thuoc vao l o a i thuoc, cong n a n g cua thuoc. C u t h e : 236

3. Cac thii thuoc khdc,

t h i i d n g goi l a thuoc

chuta t a p b e n h n o i khoa, n h i i thuoc l y k h i (chiJa b e n h k h i ) , thuoc boat h u y e t (chiJEa vL h u y e t ) , thuoc t h a n h can ( m a t gan), k i e n t y ( t a n g cifdng t i e u hoa)... can d u n g Ixia to d u n soi m a n h l e n , sau do d i i n g lika nho sic

k y t h e m ; nifdc d a u

k h o a n g 30 p h u t , cac niidc sau k h o a n g 20 p h u t . Tom

lai,

k h i sic

thuoc, c i n c h i i y: L i i d n g

nMdc b a n d a u can d u de p h u ngap m a t thuoc, thufdng txi 2-5cm (trvL thuoc g i a i cam), con do IvLa 237

va thdi gian sic tuy thuoc loai thuoc. Neu liidng n\idc thuoc sau k h i sSc xong, chat ra thay qua nhieu, c6 the c6 cho dac lai, ngiidc lai lUdng nu6c thuoc qua i t , qua dac, c6 the pha them nUdc dun soi, roi chia ra uohg trong ngay. Li/dng y HirDan

B A I T H U O C C H C A VIEM X O A N C M U I + Hoi: Trong mot so Tri ThAc Tre, c6 gi&i thieu each dung bot tieu dun nu&c de nho mui, chita viem xoang mui. Chdu dp dung thi md khong thdy c6 ddu hieu gi cd. Chdu vdn thdy trong co hong luon c6 dam vd phdi khqc nho nhieu, nhdt Id buoi sdng; d&m khac ra CO mdu trdng vd cd mui tanh, rat ban. Chdu dd uong qua thuoc "co ta xoang", nhitng thuoc cd tdc dung phu, lam cho chdu dau ddu lien tuc vd rat kho chiu. Chdu mong "Thuoc vu&n nhd" gi&i thieu them mot sdbdi thuoc khdc dedp dung thÂą

+ Dap: Tri TMc Tre da co Ian gi6i thieu each dung ho tieu chQa viem xoang nhii sau: "Ho tieu trfing 30g, them 200ml nU6c, nau can con 60ml. Diing bong tham niidc thuoc nho vao m u i ngay 3-6 Ian". Do la mot bai thuoc k i n h nghiem, khong co tac dung phu doc hai. Tuy nhien, nhutng bai thuoc k i n h nghiem thufdng 238

hdp v6i ngvidi nay, ma co the khong hdp vdi ngiidi khac. Triidng hdp benh d i l n bien phxic tap, muon chfla t r i co ket qua chic chdn, c^n dung thuoc theo nguyen t i c "bien chiing luan t r i " cua Dong y. Nghia la can cii vao trieu chiing, bieu hien cu the cl tifng ngiidi, ma chon dung phep chiJa, bai thudc, v i thuoc tufdng iing. Dif6i day, x i n gidi thieu sd lifdc ve each dung thuoc Dong diidc chQa viem xoang mui, theo phildng phap "bien chvfng luan t r i " , de ban tham khao. Viem xoang m u i thvfdng diidc chia thanh 2 loai chinh: Cap ti'nh va man tinh. (1) Viem xoang mUi cap, co nhflng bieu hien chinh: Phat sot sd ret, ngiidi kho chiu, an khong ngon mieng, dau dau, t i c mui, mui chay nhieu nxfdc trong hoac dac n h i i mu. M u i c6 the chi hi t i c I mot ben hoac ca hai ben hen tuc, kem them giam khiiu giac. Neu do benh ci rang dan den, nxidc mui dac nhif mu va c6 miii hoi. Tuy theo loai xoang hi viem, cam giac dau cung xuat hien ci v i t r i va t i n h chat khac nhau, co k h i dau dau 6 viing tran, co k h i dau ci gay, co k h i dau nhieu vao buoi sang, co k h i dau tang ve buoi chieu... (2) Viem xoang man tinh, co nhiing bieu hien chinh: M i i i t i c lien tuc, niidc miii nhieu va dac nhif mu, thifdng co mui hoi tanh, khiiu giac h i giam hoac mat h l n . Noi chung khong co nhiing 239

bieu hien toan than, hoac chi kem theo vang dau, tri nhd suy giam. Nxldc mui chay ra nhieu de dan tdi viem hong, thUdng do viem xoang cap tinh khong dUdc chQa triet de, keo dai ngay ma thanh.

(goi lai) 6g, bac ha 4g, cat canh 6g, hanh nhan 6g, kinh gidi 6g, sinh cam thao 6g. S i c vdi 800ml nifdc, sic 2 Ian, hdp 2 niidc, c6 nho Irfa con 450ml dich thuoc, chia 3 Ian uong sang, trvfa, chieu, liic doi bung.

Viem xoang miii thuoc pham vi cac chiing "ty uyen" va "nao lau" trong Dong y. Tren lam sang thiidng chia ra 4 the: (1) Phe kinh phong nhiet, (2) Can dam uat nhiet, (3) Ty vi thap nhiet, (4) Phe ty khi hii. Cac the Phe kinh phong nhiet, Can dam uat nhiet, Ty vi thap nhiet thufdng gap trong viem xoang cap tinh, hoac giai doan benh phat tac cua viem xoang man. Con the Phe ty khi hii thiidng gap trong viem xoang man tinh. Trieu chijfng, bieu hien cu the cua trfng the, cCing each chuta va bai thuoc tiidng ling nht( sau:

- Chdo tan di rau sam: Tan di lOg, rau sam

(1) Phe kinh phong nhiet Bieu hien: Mui tfic, chay nhieu nifdc dac quanh, mau tring hoac hdi vang, dau dau, ho, khac nhieu ddm. Kham mui thay niem mac sung huyet. Khilu giac giam. Dau liidi do, reu lifdi vang mong hoac trlng mong, mach phii sac (noi, nhanh). Phep chUa: Thanh nhiet, trii phong, thong khieu.

30g, gao te 50g. Cdch ndu: S i c tan di la'y niidc bo ba, cho gao vao ni'u chao, khi chao gan chin cho rau sam vao, dun them mot lat nQa la difdc. Them mIm muoi, an diem tam buoi sang. (2) Can ddm uat nhiet

ÂŤ, â&#x20AC;˘ ' ''

Bieu hien: T i c mm, dau dau tiidng do'i nang, mui chay nhieu nifdc vang dSc quanh nhtf mu, miii hoi, khiiu giac giam sut, c6 the kem theo ii tai, ding mieng, bon chon, d l noi gian, ngifdi nong, mieng khat, dai tien kho tao. Kham mui thay niem mac sung huyet ro rang. Chat lifdi do, reu lifdi vang, mach huyen sac (cang, nhanh).

Phep chiJCa: Thanh can, thong khieu. Nhicng bdi thud'c thu&ng dung: - Long ddm tan di thang: Long dam thao 6g,

Nhung bdi thuoc thu&ng dung: - Ngdn kieu tan di thang: Kim ngan hoa 15g, lien kieu 15g, tang diep (la dau tSm) lOg, tan di 240

sai ho 6g, hoang cam lOg, sdn chi tii lOg, tan di (goi lai) 6g, lien kieu 15g, xich thvfdc lOg, moc thong 6g, sinh cam thao 6g. S i c v6i 1.000ml

241

n\idc, sSc 2 Ian, hdp 2 n\i6c, c6 nho liia la'y 450ml dich thuoc, chia 3 Ian uong sang, trifa, chieu, luc doi bung. - Hodc dam hodn: Hoic hiidng 120g, mat Idn 4 cai. La hodc hifdng tron deu v6i mat Idn, say kho, tan min, tron vdi mi6c lam vien. Uohg each xa bQa Sn, ngay 3 Ian, m6i Ian lOg, chieu bSng n\i6c dun soi. - Dich miCdp dang:

Mildp dSng 1 t r a i , diidng

t r l n g 60g. Mu6p dfing gia n h u y i n , tron deu v6i dUdng, sau khoang 2 gid thay nvfdc tiet ra, t h i loc My nU6c (bo ba), uong het mot Ian (uong lanh). (3) Ty VI thdp nhiet Bieu hien: Tic mui, chay nU6c mui, benh dai d i n g khong diit, vang dau, an khong ngon

sic trifdc, trUdc k h i bSc ra khoang 5 phut m6i cho hoSc hiidng vao; sfic lay 450ml, chia ra uong sang, trifa, chieu, luc doi bung, (4)Phetykhihu Bieu Men: Tfic mui, chong mat, t r i nh6 giam, mui chay niidc due, luc nhieu liic i t , gap lanh benh nang hdn. Sic mat vang xam hofic trSng nhdt; kem Sn, thcl yeu, met moi, duoi siic, dai tien long bang. Niem mac m u i sifng thung nhiing khong sung huyet; khijtu giac giam hoac mat han. Chat liTdi nhdt, reu lifdi t r l n g , mach te nhtfdc (nho yeu). Phep chiea: Bo ty ich phe, thong khieu. Bdi thuoc thit&ng ddng: - Sam ky tdn di thang:

Hoang ky (tam mat

mieng. Niem mac mui sung huyet siing thung;

sao) 15g, dang sam 15g, bach truat (sao) lOg,

Cha't lutai do, reu vang nh6t, mach nhu sac (yen,

phuc h n h lOg, phong phong 6g, thiidng nhi th

nhanh).

6g, tan di (boc lai) 6g, bach chi 6g, cat canh 6g.

Phep chUa: Thanh Idi th^p nhiet, thong khieu. .} Bdi thu6c thu&ng dung: - Hoat thach tdn di thang: Hoat thach (goi ]ai) 20g, hodc hvfdng (cho vao sau) lOg, y di i h a n 20g, hoang cam lOg, moc thong 6g, phuc i n h lOg, trach ta lOg, tan di (goi lai) 6g. SSc vdi 1.000ml nuac, hoat thach va cac v i thuoc khac 242

Sac vai 1.000ml nude, sSc 3 Ian, hdp 3 nifdc, c6 nho l i a con 300ml, chia 2 Ian uong sang s6m v^ buoi toi, liic doi bung. - Canh hodng ky bi dao:

Hoang ky 30g, bf

dao 100-200g. Sdc hoang ky lay nU6c (bo ba), nau v6i b i (got bo v6, hot thai mieng), thanh mon canh, Sn trong bQa cdm. 243

ClAl OpC C d THE ^ LIEU PHAP DdN CIAN VA HIEU QUA Gidi doc bang tdm hoi ndng

Co r a t nhieu hdp chat duCdc dao thai qua tuyen mo hoi. Bcii vay, viec cho r a mo hoi cung rat hQu ich cho cd the. T i m hdi la mot Heu phap hieu qua de loai bo v6 so hdp chat doc hai tich t u trong cd the. Nhiet do cao trong buong tSm hdi khien cac mach mau dudi da dvfdc gian nd va kich thich viec ra mo hoi. Trong khoang thdi gian mot gid dong ho ngoi trong buong tarn hdi cd the dao thai khoang vai l i t mo hoi. Cac chuyen gia lieu hap giai doc cho rSng, t l m hdi la bien phap tot giai doc cho cd the - dac biet day la giai phap tot giai nhiing doc to" hoa tan trong nifdc. Co the tien hanh lieu phap nay 1-2 lan/tuan. Day la lieu phap dildc gidi may r a u ifa chuong. Cac doi tuyen bong da cua nhieu quoc gia chau A u va Nam M y coi lieu phap t&m hdi la phifdng phap tao cho cau t h u sU uyen chuyen va chay nhanh hdn trong cac tran dau. V i n dong vien dat huy chifdng vang trifdt tuyet nhay xa ngUdi Ba Lan Adam Malysz luon duy t r i lieu phap t i m hdi trvfdc k h i xuat tran. A n h cho r i n g , tam hdi giiip anh trb nen nhe nhang hdn va cac dong tac chinh xac hdn. 244

Trong trtfdng hdp khong c6 dieu kien tham gia tSm hdi, hang ngay ban c6 the dung voi sen xoi nUdc nong vao ngiidi vai phut va chuyen sang xoi niidc lanh vai phut, lap di lap l a i nhieu l l n . Sd chuyen doi ttf nong sang lanh va ngUdc lai nhieu lan kich thich sU liiu thong cua mau, dila 6-xy va chat dinh diidng tdi tat ca cac te bao tot hdn, giiip cho cd the tieu doc nhanh hdn. Tarn hdi la mot lieu phap giai doc tot, song chohg chi dinh doi v6i nhutng ngildi benh t i m mach, benh than, cac benh truyen nhiem. Gidi doc bang phuffng phap ruia ruot

Bien phap giai doc nhanh, cap tap va ciing la mot trong nhQng giai phap truyen thong, c6 sii trd giiip cua thay thuoc. Bang ohg d i n , nUdc am difdc diia vao ruot va tong ra ngoai tat ca nhQng chat doc hai, v i khuan gay benh, triing giun, san va cac loai k y sinh trung song trong ruot. Qua t r i n h "rvfa ruot" keo dai khoang 30-45 phut. Sau k h i thUc hien lieu phap nay, ngiidi benh cam thay sang khoai, nhe nhang. Lieu phap CO tac dung cai thien viec hap t h u cac chat dinh ddOng, nang cao kha nang khang benh, phong ngvfa tao bon. Giai doc bang bien phap "xiic, rvfa ruot" chi danh cho nhQng ngtfdi khoe manh, khong mac benh tieu hoa, benh t i m , than. "Rita ruot" difdc coi la bien phap triet de trong lieu phap giai doc, danh cho nhiJng ngvfdi 245

xta thich cam giac manh va c6 nhucfc diem la day nhflng v i khuan hflu ich song trong thanh ruot ra ngoai cung v6i nhutng hdp chat doc hai khac. Do vay sau m6i Ian "rxia ruot" cin khoi phuc cac loai v i khuan hutu ich, hkng each Sn nhutng loai sQa chua c6 chiia nhieu v i khuan hutu ich. Ngoai nhiing lieu phap giai doc neu tren, t a i Trung tam phong chong beo phi chau A u dat t a i Ba L a n da xay dung "thuc ddn giai doc thuc hanh" danh cho chi, em muoh tieu doc cho mot so'bo phan chu yeu trong cd the: + Tieu doc cho ruot: Theo giao sif Michal Tomback, tac gia cuon sach "Co the song 150 tuoi", tieu doc cho ruot dong vai tro quan trong cho sijfc khoe con ngiidi. Ban c6 the thUc hanh tieu doc cho ruot gia bang each m6i ngay Sn hai t r a i cam, got bo v6, song van giii l a i phan cui va moi sang uong coc siia chua, an 10 qua man kho ngam tu: toi horn trifdc trong coc sQa chua do. Bai thuc hanh tieu doc cho ruot gia tien hanh trong 10 ngay lien tue, ban eo the thue hanh 3-4 lan trong mot nSm. + Tieu doc cho gan: Gan la bo phan noi tang eUc ky quan trong, v6i nhieu chiic nang. Song cac chijtc nSng quan trong nhat la nhu nha may hoa chat tinh v i san xuat ra dich mat va tong hdp cholesterol, dUdng, protein, vitamin va cung 246

CO ehijtc nang cua nha may " X L ( 1;^" phan huy cac hdp chat doc hai doi v6i cd the. Do vay, tieu doc cho gan la bien phap nang cao "nSng suat" lam viec toan bo nha may hoa chi't. M o i toi trU6c k h i di ngu, ban nen uohg mot coic nU6c chanh vSt tron v6i dau 6-liu, theo t y le 2: 1. Loai nU6c uohg hon hdp nay giup ban tieu doc cho gan, ohg mat va tuyen tuy. Neu n h i i nU6c chanh vSt kho uohg do chua, ban c6 the thay the bSng nU6c bucii do. Uohg nU6c chanh c6 pha dau oliu trong 10 toi lien tuc cho thdi gian 3 thang. + Tieu doc cho than: Trong cd the than n h u thiet b i loc hoan hao dao thai cac hdp chat doc hai theo nU6c tieu ra ngoai va dam nhan chiic nSng dieu chinh cung cap nU6c cho cac mo, duy t r i huyet ap. De duy t r i than l a m viec tot, khong b i cac chat h a i dau doc - gay soi than hay suy than, can c6 che do tieu doc hdp ly. Viec tieu doc cho t h ^ n cung bSng nU6c chanh vat - song khong tron v6i d^u oliu, ma theo mot thdi gian bieu 10 ngay v6i so lUdng chanh n h i i sau: Ngay t h i i nhat va t h i i mUdi - nil6c ep 1 qua chanh; ngay t h i i h a i va th.\i chin - 2 qua chanh; ngay t h i i ba va thCf t a m - 3 qua chanh; c\i tuan tU nhU the de ngay t h i i nSm va t h i i sau - 5 qua chanh. + Tieu doc cho phdi: Mo'i de doa 16n nhat doi v6i la phdi la hut thuoc la va 6 n h i l m khong k h i 247

moi trifdng. Cac hdp chat doc hai la nguyen nhan gay nen giam dung liidng la phoi, liidng 6xy suy giam nghiem trong - dieu nay dan tdi t i n h trang "suy dUdng k h i " toan than. Bien phap giai doc cho la phoi la bo hut thuoc la, tranh xa moi triidng c6 khoi thuoc la. Nen danh thdi gian cho nhQng chuyen di tdi nhflng vung n u i hay bien c6 bau khong k h i thoang dang, trong lanh. Tdi nhQng viing que hay vung trung du i t hi 6 n h i l m cong nghiep. Neu nhif ban song trong cac thanh pho' Idn bi 6 n h i i m nhat: Cong vien de chay bg vao cac budi sang s6m hay chieu muon. Chay bo va h i t ihd sau ci nhQng ndi do i t , nhieu se giup ban giai doc mot each hieu qua. + Tieu doc cho tim: Mot trong nhiing nguy cd 16n nhat doi vdi t i m la ham liJdng cholesterol trong mau qua cao, d i n t d i benh viJa xd dong mach. Giai doc cho con t i m la t i m each duy t r i h^m liidng cholesterol d mxic hdp ly, b i n g vice Sn thutdng xuyen nhiJng che pham giau a-xit b6o khong no (omega - 3). Cac a-xit nay c6 nhieu trong ca bien va hanh nhan, lac. Co the a n ca tuan 3 Ian va 4 Ian &n hanh nhan hay lac, viing den. Dong thdi vdi viec duy t r i thiic ddn giau omega-3, can nhiJng boat dong the Ivfc deu dSn. Viec chay bo thijfdng xuyen trong vong 6 thang c6 the giam ham Ividng cholesterol trong mau 10%. 248

Cxi mot thang, duy t r i thoi quen uong m6i ngay mot coc midc ca rot tiidi tron vdi nxldc c i n tay va en cai do, theo ty le: 4-2-1. Day la t h i i coctai hon hdp c6 tac dung rat tot cho he mach mau. Noi den giai doc cho con t i m , ban phai nghi ngay tdi toi - thijt cu da dUde cac v i sif Tay Tang goi la t h i n difdc. Theo cac chuyen gia t i m mach t a i Vien T i m - Mach Braxin, riJdu toi c6 tac dung rat manh cho viec tSng ciidng trao doi chat, tieu hao liidng md, lam sach cac mach mau, phong ngiJa vvLa xd dong mach va benh t i m . Riidu toi diidc che theo each sau: Lay 35g toi song gia nho, de 10 phut; sau do tron vdi 200ml rifdu manh; nut k i n de vao cho toi va mat 10 ngay. Sau do, dilng moi ngay mot chen vao biia toi. Gan day, tap chi danh tieng "New Scientist" da cho biet, de toi c6 tac dung, trifdc k h i dung, phai dap toi va de 10 phut. V i dap nat toi tiic la pha vd Idp mang te bao de giai phong enzyme allinaza. Difdi tac dong cua enzyme nay, trong mau hinh thanh nhutng hdp chat chohg mau cue. Neu an song toi de ca cu, t h i enzyme allinaza khong difdc giai phong, nen tac dung ciia toi bi ban che rat nhieu. ' + Tieu doc cho da: Cach tieu doe cho da tot nhat la "vieng tham" phong tfim hdi nong, tuan 3 Ian. 30 phut trong buong hdi nong giup ban dao thai vai Ht mo hoi, chiia v6 so nhiing hdp chat

aid

doc h a i . T i m h d i nong se l a m cho da diidc cung ca'p n h i e u m a u h d n , n h i e u d i l d n g chat hdn. Neu nhii ban

t u nhien.

k h o n g c6 dieu k i e n t h U d n g

x u y e n "vieng t h a m " p h o n g t S m h d i nong. B a n c6 t h e ap d u n g p h i f d n g p h a p t i e u doc cho da t a i gia, bSng each m 6 i sang d i i n g v o i sen xa nifdc n o n g l e n t o a n t h a n , tii d a u den chan k h o a n g 40 giay, sau do l a i xa nxidc l a n h k h o a n g 20 giay tH c h a n ngifdc l e n d a u - qua t r i n h nay lap l a i t r o n g v o n g 5-7 p h u t . Theo giao sir M i c h a l

Tombak,

day la p h i f d n g phap g i a i doc ddn gian cho cd the, n h a m cai t h i e n s\i hiu t h o n g m a u va bach h u y e t d u d i da - dieu q u a n t r o n g n h a t cua

phUdng

phap nay la sU c h e n h lech ve n h i e t do: C h e n h lech cang cao t h i cang c6 h i e u qua.

4. H a n g ngay u o n g i t n h a t 0,5 l i t sQa chua 5. H a n g ngay n e n u o h g che x a n h , c u n g cap n g u o n polyphenols q u y b a u cho cd the. 6. H a n che Sn m d dong v a t va t h i t m d , v i t r o n g md dong v a t t i c h trQ n h i e u n h a t nhQng hdp chat doc h a i . 7. K h o n g n e n dCing cac n o i xoong b i n g n h o m de n a u a n . 8. K h o n g n e n d i i n g m y p h a m c6 chiia hUdng l i e u t o n g hdp n h a n tao. H a n che dCing thuoc n h u o m t6c.

;

9. H a n che d i i n g nhutng v a t d u n g t r o n g gia d i n h che tao b l n g v a t l i e u t o n g hdp. N e n d u n g

T r o n g cuoh sach "Co the song 150 tudi", giao s\i M i c h a l T o m b a k cho r i n g , de g i a i doc cho cd

n h i i n g do d u n g v a v a t d u n g l a m tijf g6 h a y v a t lieu thien nhien.

t h e , nen tao cho m i n h m o t t h o i quen a m thUc

Pham Quang Thieu

t h i c h hdp va l a u d a i c u n g cac t h o i quen a m thUc

(Theo nguyet san Zdrowie, thang 3/2007)

t h i c h hdp va l a u d a i c u n g cac t h o i q u e n theo n h i i n g nguyen tac sau day: 1. A n nhiJng san p h a m tUdi, k h o n g qua che bien. K h o n g n e n kn cac l o a i thdc an do hop. 2. H a n che d u n g n h i i n g loai do an qua che bien CO pha che cac hoa chat bao quan hay p h a m

x a n h ; 300g t r a i cay. T r a i cay can dUdc got v6 va

250

CHOA TRI VIEM D A

KHdP

min.

3. H a n g ngay n e n t i e u t h u i t n h a t 0,5kg r a u r a u x a n h p h a i dudc rxia. sach.

B A I THUOC THl/dNC DUNG

+ Hoi: ... Nhung dieu chuyen muc chi bdo chdu dd dp dung cho ban than va mdch bdo cho bd con chita khoi duac nhieu benh... Chdu cd ngudi v& nam 251

nay 30 tuoi. Tit khodng I nam nay, vo chdu tu nhien bi dau cdc kh&p xuorng, rat kho van dong vd dau d&n. Luc dau, chi dau & bd vai, sau dau tang, roi cdc kh&p khdc, nhu ngon tay, hang, dau goi... cung deu bi sung. Di khdm c6 ket luqn Id "Viem da kh&p", cho uong thuoc nhung khong khoi. Vqy chdu xin hoi: (1) Co bdi thuoc ndo chiia dmc benh cho nhd chdu? (2) Chdu nghe noi dung cay dcm goi hqc uong se khoi? Xin chi cho each nhdn bie't, tdc dung vd each ddng. Mong dugc "Thuoc vu&n nhd" tan tinh giup da. (1) Thuoc nam chita viem khdp Khac v6i Tay y, de chQa t r i benh viem khdp, Dong y khong svf dung cung mot so loai thuoc co dinh cho t a t ca moi ngudi (cung b i mkc benh viem khdp), ma chia "benh" thanh nhiing "chiing hinh" (the benh) khac nhau. The benh dudc phan loai can cii vao nhflng chiing trang cu the, bieu hien d ngifdi benh. Tiep do, do'i vdi m6i the benh, se svL dung nhiJng phep chQa, bai thuoc thich hop. Ban c6 the can c\i vao nhiJng chtjtng trang cua vd, de phan biet the benh, va svL dung cac phep chuta, bai thuoc, theo cac phifong an sau: 1. Thephong

nhiet

- CMng trang: Sot cao, dau hong, phien khat, khdp xUdng siing ndng do, dau di chuyen, tren da xuat hien nhQng mang ban do. Chat hldi do, reu 252

liidi vang. The benh nay hay gap trong trudng hdp Tay y chan doan la "viem khdp c^'p tinh". - Phep chita: TrCf phong, thanh nhiet, thong k i n h hoat lac. - Bdi thuoc thu&ng ddng: N h i n dong dang (day k i m ngan) 20g, ho triidng can (cot k h i cu) 12g, que chi 9g, tang chi (canh cay dau t&m) 12g. Gia giam: Neu kem theo dau hong, them: K i m ngan hoa 15g, xa can (re quat) 6g. Neu tren da xuat hien mang ban do h i n h tron, them: KhUdng hoang (nghe vang) lOg. Neu sot cao, dau kich liet, them: Siing trau (cUa nhd) 39g. Sic niidc uong trong ngay, lien tuc 10 ngay (mot lieu trinh), nghi 3 ngay, l a i tiep tuc lieu t r i n h khac, tdi k h i khoi. Thdi gian hanh k i n h ngiing uong. 2.

Thephonghdn

- Chiing trang: Khong so't hoac chi sot nhe, khdp khong sifng do, nhvfng dau nhxi dao cSt, gSp lanh dau cang n&ng. Sic mat t r l n g nhdt, dudi da noi cue. Chat lifdi nhdt, den xam; reu lu6i t r i n g mong hoac t r l n g nhay. ' '** - Phep chiJta: Sd phong t a n han, thong lac chi thong. - Bdi thuoc thu&ng ddng: Can khUdng (gUng kho) 15g, tia to 9g, que chi 9g, bd cot chi (pha cd chi) 12g, cau tich 12g, moc qua lOg, bach thiidc 12g. Gia giam: Neu chan tay khong am, sd lanh. 253

them: Dtfdng quy 9g. Dildi da san cue, them: Dao nhan (nhan hat dao) 9g, bach gidi txi (hat cai) 6g. Kern theo khdp xUdng siing to, them: y di nhan 30g. Sic nvtdc uong moi ngay 1 thang, uong theo lieu t r i n h 10 ngay; thdi gian hanh k i n h ngTjfng dvfng thuoc. 3. Thephong thdp â&#x20AC;˘ CMng trang: Khdp xUdng sifng to, te moi dau; hoac kem theo cam giac lanh dau cf khdp xiidng; hoac c6 cam giac nhif hi sot nhiing sd vao da l a i khong thay nong tay; reu liiSi trSng nhay. - Phep chQa: Trtf phong hoa tha'p, thong lac. - Bdi thuoc thuarng dung: Khildng boat 9g, doc boat 9g, que chi 9g, uy linh tien 12g, tang chi (canh cay dau tSm) 20g, ho trifdng can (cot k h i cu) 12g, k i n h gidi lOg. Gia giam: Neu khdp xvfdng lanh dau, kem theo h i n h i i m lanh, them: tia to 15g, can khildng (gUng kho) 15g, sinh khiidng (gtfng tiidi) lOg. Neu khdp xUdng nong dau, cam giac nhii h i sot nhtfng da khong nong, them: V6 niic nac lOg, thiidng truat lOg, y di nhan 30g. Sfic nvldc uong m6i ngay 1 thang, lieu t r i n h 10 ngay; thdi gian hanh k i n h ngCfng dung thuoc. 4. Thetd ty tarn mqch - Chvtng trang: Khdp xUdng dau nhiic, chi bdi Sling, CO the kem theo dau hong, ngUc ngot ngat 254

hoac dau, kho th6, va mo hoi, hoac trohg ngUc, I t ngu; Lifdi phinh to, chat liidi do hoac t i m tai. The benh nay hay gap trong trildng hdp benh phong thap bien chiing vao t i m , gay benh b van t i m . - Phep chOa: Ich k h i dudng am, triif ta thong mach. - Bdi thuoc thu&ng dung: Nhan sam lOg (hoSc dang sam 16g), mach mon dong (cu toe tien) 15g, ngii v i txi 6g, tarn t h a t 8g, dvfdng quy lOg, xich thilde 15g, phong ky lOg, moc qua lOg, t ^ n cvLu lOg, v6 cay vong nem^l6g. Gia giam: Hong dau, them: K i m ngan hoa

12g, xa can 8g.

Neu kho thd, va nhieu mo hoi, them: Hoang ky 30g, r l lua nep 15g. Neu trong ngiie, i t ngu, them: Toan tao nhan (hat tao chua, sao den) 12g, ba tii nhan (hat cay trie

bach diep, sao

den) 12g. S&c niide uong,moi ngay 1 thang, lieu t r i n h 10 ngay; thdi gian hanh k i n h ngiing dung thuoc. (2) Cay don got hqc: Cay ddn goi hae eon c6 ten la "goi hae", " k i m le", " h i dai", " p h i t\i\, " m i i n " , "cu r o i " (mien Nam), "may chia" (Tay), "co eon ma" (Thai), "mia seng" (Dao). Ten khoa hoc la Leea

rubra

(Leeaeeae).

Blume.

Thuoc

Goi

hae

255

Don goi hac la loai cay moc thanh bui day, cao tdi l - l , 5 m . Than c6 ranh doc va phinh len 6 nhflng mau - gio'ng nhU goi con chim hac, do do CO ten la "goi hac". La moc so le, kep long chim ba Ian, phia tren hai Ian; phien la ch6t c6 rSng cvta tho to, dai 5-11cm, rong 25-60mm, gan nhu khong cuo'ng. Hoa nho mau hong, moc thanh ngu b dau canh. Qua c6 dildng k i n h 6-7mm, hat 4-6, dai 4mm. Qua k h i chin c6 mau den, mua hoa qua: Thang 5-10. Re cu mau hong, t r l n g va vang. Cay moc hoang dai d nhiJng viing doi nui. Thifdng ngvTdi ta dao lay r l vao mua t h u dong, de dung lam thuoc. Dao r l ve r^a sach, thai mong phdi bay hay say kho. Chu y: Ngoai cay Leea rubra noi tren, dan gian con dung cay Leea sambuciana v6i ciing ten goi hac, k i m le; cay nay cung giong cay tren, nhiing la kep xe long chim hai Ian, cum hoa Idn hinh ngvi, hoa trSng vang, nho be, qua den, la kho den ci mSt tren. Cling mot cong dung. R l goi hac c6 v i d i n g , t i n h mat. Dan gian diing chiia benh dau nhxic kh6p xUdng, te tha'p, dau bung, rong k i n h . Cach sxi dung de chi3a dau nhiic, viem kh6p: Dung ddn goi hac 40-50g sic uong. HoSc dung ddn goi hac 30g, phoi hdp v6i c6 xifdc, ngifu t a t , t y giai, moi v i 15g, skc uong. 256

HAI BAI THUOC C H U A VIEM BE T H A N M A N + Hoi: Khodng

2 nam nay, tdi thu&ng bi ddi rat,

phdi tieu tien luon nhung luon cd cam gidc di khong he't bdi, doi khi dau buot du&ng tieu tien, vd mSi khi ngudi met moi thi mat vd chdn Iqi bi phU,... den benh

Tdi dd

vien khdm, dupe chdn dodn la "viem

than man", nhung

dd dieu tri nhieu dot bdng tan

dupe, ngudi rat met, md benh khdng khoi. Do dd, tdi mud'n chuyen

sang dieu tri bdng Ddng y vd mong

"Thud'c vu&n nhd" pho bie'n cho mot so bdi thuoc, cd the dUng de ch&a benh viem cdu thdn man.

+ Dap: Viem be than (pyelonephritis) la chtjtng viem ci nhu mo than va be ihkn, phan 16n do nhiem khu^n va thUdng kem viem dUdng tiet nieu dxidi. Benh c6 the phat 6 moi do tuoi, nhiing hay gap nhat cl phu nvi do tuoi sinh san; Tren lam sang thifcfng chia r a h a i giai doan: Cap tinh va man tinh. Viem be t h ^ n man t i n h la nguyen nhan chinh dan tdi suy than man tinh, v i vay can tien hanh dieu t r i triet de. Viem be than man thuoc pham v i cua chiing "lao lam" trong Dong y. Theo Dong y, nguyen nhan d i n tdi "lao lam" chu yeu do thS'p nhiet It dong lau ngay trong cd the, lam cho chinh k h i bi suy yeu, tan dich b i hao ton, chute nSng cua 257

cac tang if, tMn hi roi loan, txi do d i n tdi nhflng chvfng trang n h i i dai rSt, dai buo't, dai l&n mau, kem an, day bung, phu thung, hay b i viem nhiem... De dung thuoc chQa t r i , Dong y thUdng chia viem be than man t i n h thanh hai the: "Ty t h i n \Mdng hil" va "Than h u thap nhiet l u u tre". Ban CO the can cxi vao nhQng trieu chvfng c( ban than, ma chon dung cac ph6p chiJa, bai thuoc tUdng Tjtng, theo hai phUdng an sau: 1. Thety than luang hu - CMng trang: Tieu tien nhieu Ian, lat nhat, khong het bai, benh dai d i n g , t a i phat di t a i phat lai, moi k h i met nhoc benh lai nang them, kem theo cam giac buon non, kem an, bung triidng, dai tien long, chan tay lanh, sd lanh, c6 k h i mat va chan hdi phu, lUng moi goi yeu; chat lUdi nhdt, reu lu3i trang hoac c6 vet rang, mach t r i m nhiidc (chim, yeu). - Phep chUa: Kien ty ich than, thanh nhiet Idi thap.

- Bai thuoc thu&ng dung: D i n g sam 12g (hoac nhan sam 8g), bach truat 12g, bach bien dau (dau van t r i n g ) 15g, y di nhan (hat bo bo) 15g, sdn dUdc (cu mai) 15g, n h i n dong dang (day k i m ngan) 12g, v6 nuc nac 9g, sinh dia 9g, trach ta 15g, thd phuc l i n h 12g, xa tien thao 15g, 258

sa nhan 6g, tran bi 6g. Sic lay nude dac, chia 3 Ian uohg trong ngay, each xa bQa an; theo tifng lieu t r i n h 10-15 ngay. + Gia gidm: Neu buon non va kem an nhieu, them: Canh va la tia to lOg, ban ha (tarn nUdc giing sao) 9g, ke noi k i m (mang me ga) 6g. Neu phu nang, them: Dai phuc bi (v6 ngoai qua cau) 12g; Neu dai khong het bai, them: ich t r i nhan 9g, day td hong 12g. 2. Than huthdp nhiet licu tri - Chijtng trang: Dai rat, dai buo't, benh liic nang luc nhe, k h i ngUdi met moi benh them nang, kem theo: Mo hoi va ra nhieu, chong mat, hoa mat, Ci t a i , long ban chan ban tay ham hap nong, moi kho, mieng hao; Cha't ludi do, reu lu3i i t , mach te sac (nho nhanh) hoac tram te (chim nho). - Phep chiJCa: T u am, bo than, Idi thap. - Bai thuoc tieu bieu: Sinh dia 15g, quy ban (mai rua) 9g, chi txi (danh danh) lOg, v6 nuc nac 9g, sdn thCi du 9g, hoang ky 30g, dang sam 12g, sdn difdc 12g, cau ky txi 9g, ngUu ta't 9g, tho ty txi 12g, loc giac giao 12g, trach ta 9g, phuc linh 12g, cam thao 6g. Sic lay nifdc dac, chia 3 Ian uong trong ngay, each xa biia an; theo ttfng lieu t r i n h 10-15 ngay. + Gia gidm: Dau choang mat hoa, t a i u nhieu, them: Thien ma 6g, cue hoa 9g, thach 259

quyet m i n h 30g; Tieu tien dau buot nkng, them: Bien sue 9g, xa tien tvL (hat ma de) 15g. Viem be than man la mot benh dai d&ng, rat kho ch(ia khoi ngay bSng thuoc, v i vky ban c^n t i m den mot phong chan t r i c6 uy t i n , de dUdc cac thay thuoc ch^n mach, hxidng dhn dung thuoc cu the. Hai bai thuoc tren chi c6 t i n h tham khao, dung thvL neu khong thay chuyen bien tot, can ngi^ng ngay. Ngoai viec dung thuoc, can chu y lam viec va nghi ngdi dieu do, luyen tap than the d mijfc do thich hcJp. Dong thdi, trong &n uohg can chii y han che ho&c kieng han nhiing thiic kn cay nong, nhieu dau md; nen an uo'ng thanh dam, dung nhieu loai rau qua nhieu n\idc, nhxi rau cai, b i dao, diia chuot, cung cac loai d6, nhif d6 xanh, dau do nho hat... Lirongy HirDan

â&#x20AC;˘H,,. ,

Tir CHE XI^RO CHUA MAT NCU â&#x20AC;˘

+ Hoi: May thdng gdn day tdi rat khd ngu. Tdi dd di benh vien khdm vd dieu tri nhung khong khoi. Co ngudi ban mdch, dung "siro sen vong" c6 the chaa khoi duqfc. Tdi dd tdi nhieu hieu thuoc hoi mua, nhung ngu&i bdn deu ndi hien tqi khong c6 loai 260

thuoc do. Vi vdy tdi viet thu nay, mong duac "Thuoc vU&n nhd" hu&ng ddn cho cdch che, each bdo qudn vd cdch sv[dung loai thud'c dd. + D^p: Chiing mat ngu c6 nhieu h i n h trang va do nhieu nguyen nhan khac nhau gay nen. Theo Dong y, moi sU mat can bSng trong cd the, bao gom ca nhQng roi loan, suy yeu ve phUdng dien t i n h chi (tinh than va t i n h cam), deu c6 the dan t6i mat ngu. De chCta t r i chiing benh mat ngu, cung nhif moi benh tat khac, Dong y thUdng tien hanh theo 2 phifdng hudng: (1) Can cri vdo nhitng bieu hien, chiing trang cu the, de phdn benh thdnh mot so loai hinh (thiCdng got Id "the benh"), roi liXa chgn phep chQa, vi thuoc, bdi thuoc, cho phii hcfp vdi tiing loai hinh. Ldm nhiC vdy goi Id "Bien chiing luan tri", hoac "Bien chiing thi tri". (2) Can ci2 vdo nguyen nhdn chu yeu vd cd chephdt sinh benh, md xdy dvtng mot so bdi thuoc chung cho tiing loai benh (bao gom nhieu the benh khac nhau); ldm nhii vdy ggi Id "Bien benh lugn tri". Tritdc mat, xin gidi thieu cdch chiJCa mat ngu theo phiCcfng phdp "Bien chiing lugn tri". Xi-ro sen vong c6 the thich hdp v6i ngUdi nay, ma khong thich hdp vdi ngutdi khac. V i vay, tot nhat ban nen can cd vao nhutng chiing trang cu the cua minh, de nhan biet the benh, roi chon ^dung phep chiia, bai thuoc thich h^p. Sau k h i 261

da chon difcfc b a i thuoc t h i c h hdp, b a n c6 t h e che t h a n h xi-ro thuoc, cho t i e n Benh

chia

t h a n h 3 the benh nhU sau: . Thitdm ty; luffng hu - Nguyen

nhdn:

trang:

K h o n g u , h a y n g u me, k e m

theo cac c h i i n g t r a n g nhiJ b u o n bUc, d§ cau g i i n ,

dung.

m a t n g u t h U d n g diidc D o n g y

- Chiing

rfm&.^.iP3tm,om^'^

D a y l a l o a i h i n h thUdng gSp

n h a t . N g u y e n n h a n c h u y e u do l a m viec qua met nhoc, hoac lo b u o n , suy n g h i qua cang

lo sd v6 cd, d a u nSng, chong m a t hoa mSt, t a i u , l i f n g goi d a u m o i , l o n g b a n chan b a n t a y nong, m i e n g k h o k h a t , chat Ividi do, m a c h n h o n h a n h (te sac). - Phep chita: Tu bo than dm, thanh tam gidng hod. - Bai thuoc thiCdng dung:

D a u den 20g, vtCng

t h a n g , k h i e n cho t a n g T a r n v a t a n g T y b i h i i

den 20g, l a vong b a n h te 12g, l a d a u n o n 12g, lac

ton, ma sinh r a m a t ngu.

tien (day v a la) 12g, thao quyet m i n h (hat muong,

- Chi2ng trang:

M a t n g u hoac k h o n g u , h a y

n g u me, d l t i n h giac, k e m theo nhQng bieu h i e n khac n h i f sic

m a t k h o n g t i i d i ho5c den s a m ,

t i n h t h a n ue oai, h a y quen, h o i hop, t i m dap don loan n h i p tiifng cdn, a n u o n g k h o n g ngon mieng, n g i l d i m e t m o i , cd b i p d a u nhijtc, chat l i i d i n h d t , m a c h nho yeu.

- Phep cMa: Bo d i i d n g t a m t y - Bai thuoc

thabng

dung:

Ba t ^ nhan (hat

trac bach diep, sao vang) 6g, hoai sdn (cu m a i , sao vang) 12g, h a t sen (de ca t i m , sao vang) 12g, long n h a n 8g, l a d a u n o n lOg, l a vong lOg, tao

sao chay den), sic nxidc uong m o i ngay 1 t h a n g . • Theddmtich - Nguyen

nhdn:

r-t^rri

Chijtc n a n g cua t y v i (chiJtc

n a n g t i e u hoa) b i suy y e u , cac chat cSn ba l i dong l a i (san v a t c h u y e n hoa, D o n g y goi 1^ "dam t i c h " ) , l a u ngay hoa t h a n h hoa, gay n h i l u dong t h a n h k h i e u (hoat dong t h a n k i n h ) m a gay nen m a t ngu. - Chiing

trang:

M a t n g u hoSc k h o n g u , k e m

theo cac chutng t r a n g nhvf d l h o a n g m a n g , n g u hay mong, d l t i n h giac, d a u n a n g , mit

hoa,

n h a n (nhan h a t tao, sao den) 6g, s i c niidc uong

v i i n g thvTdng v i k h o c h i u , d a u t i i c h a i b e n siJdn,

t r o n g ngay.

mieng d&ng, r e u l u 6 i v a n g n h d n , m a c h h o a t sac

• The dm hu hod vuang - Nguyen

nhdn:

T h a n a m h U t o n , t a m hoa

qua t h i n h , k h i e n cho a m diidng t r o n g cd t h e h i m a t can bSng, m a d&n t d i m a t n g u . 262

trdn, nhanh. - Phep chCta: Thanh nhiet hod dam - Bai thuoc thUdng dung:

H a t sen (de ca t i m )

20g, tao n h a n (sao den) 8g, t r a n b i (v6 q u i t de 263

lau ngay) 8g, h i i d n g p h u (cu gau) 12g, l a bac tuf

thuoc d u n g t r o n g 10 n g a y n h i f sau: T a n g k h o i

(hat cu cai) 8g, c h i t\i (danh danh) lOg, b a n l i e n

lUdng cac v i t h u o c l e n 10 I a n , theo t y le g h i

thao (c6 nho noi) lOg, cam thao 6g. Sac nxidc

t r o n g bai thuoc.

u o n g t r o n g ngay.

• Cdch chexi rd thuoc

the: Ba t\i n h a n 60g, hoai sdn 120g, h a t

sen 120g, long n h a n SOg, l a dau non lOOg, l a

' can u o n g ngay t r o n g

vong lOOg, tao n h a n 60g. Sac wdi nxidc 3 l l n ,

ngay, vi de l a u se bi t h i u moc, t h i x i - r o c6 t h e

hdp 3 nut6c, c6 l a i con 1.000ml, r o i t h e m 1.650g

bao q u a n l a u ngay, r a t t i e n s\i d u n g . M u o h t i i

dvfdng k i n h , de na'u t h a n h xi-ro nong. L u d n g x i -

che x i - r o , c h i can c6 1 chiec coc dong - de do

ro thuoc chia t h a n h 10 p h a n , d i i n g m 6 i ngay 1

N e u nhxi thuoc sic

d u n g t i c h va 1 cai can - de do k h o i lifdng.

'•

Xi-ro thuoc l a dang thuoc long, t r o n g do diidng

p h a n , tiep do l a i chia t h a n h 3 p h a n nho h d n uong 3 Ian t r o n g ngay.

chiem mot t y le cao, c6 the pha che theo 2 each: - Che xi-ro ngugi:

V 6 i m 6 i 100ml nvidc (hoac

d u n g dich thuoc), can t h e m 180g difdng k i n h . Cho dtfdng vao d u n g dich, quay cho d i i d n g t a n het. Loc qua t i i i v a i , r o i dong vao c h a i da k h ^ trung, niit k i n . - Che xi-ro nong:

V 6 i m o i lOOml nif6c (hoac

HAI BAI T H U O C C H U A VIEM H O N G H A T . 'i'

' j & l ' ' uMfy sii^ml -u-i

v-.

+ Hoi: May nam tru&c chdu bi viem hong. 6 que khong du tien, nen khi uong thuoc thdy benh dff, tuy cdn

ho ngng tieng dd ngdng. Khodng 1 nam sau,

d u n g dich thuoc), can t h e m 165g d i i d n g k i n h .

chdu Iqi bi viem hong, phdi uong rdt nhieu thuoc

Cho dvfdng vao d u n g dich, dat l e n hep, vtLa n a u

Tdy, han mot thdng md benh khong khoi hdn. Trong

vifa quay cho d i i d n g t a n het.

hong thudmg c6 cdm gidc co vat gi mac a trong, hoi

Chii y:

K h i gan soi can d u n IvLa nho, de k h o i

thd rdt hoi. M6i khi thai tie't thay ddi Id benh lai tdi

bi t r a o . D u n soi, tcii k h i t r e n m a t c6 mot Idp

phdt, ho nhieu, dau ddu... Chdu nghe noi uong nhieu

v a n g mong t h i bac xuohg, loc qua t i i i v a i , de

khdng sinh se dnh huong den rang mieng. Vi vdy,

nguoi r o i dong vao chai da k h ^ trCing, n u t k i n .

mong "Thuoc vudn nhd" chi ddn cho mot so bdi

Thi

du, ban b i m i ' t ngu thuoc the

benh

" T a r n t y \Mdng h u " , t h i c6 t h e t u che

xi-ro

264

thud'c Nam, c6 the svc dung de chita benh viem hong hat cua chdu.

„, y

.^^J^ ^ami u 265

+ Dap: Viem hong hat la mot the viem hong man tinh rat hay gSp. Mot so ngufdi hay h i ngiJta hong, rat hong, nuot dau, khac nhd luon mieng, k h i noi nhieu thay kho rat hong, khan giong phai dang hing luon... K h i d i kham m6i biet minh hi viem hong hat. -Âť

hat to noi len, chung quanh c6 nhiSng tinh mach tan sinh gian rong. NhQng hat noi tren c6 the diing rieng le hay tap trung thanh tttog dam, mau ta do tiidi den do xam; thtfdng c6 mot 16p xuat tiet nh^y dSc quanh, trong suot hay due nhd phu tren be mSt. Trong nhiing ddt viem cap, CO the c6 nhQng dom mu trfing hay vang ban bam tren cac hat. NSng hdn, cac nang bach huyet qua phat, thanh nhQng dai sui do, chay doc theo hai t r u sau cua amidan, goi la t r u gia. Cac t r u nay la nguyen nhan chinh gay nen ngiia va viJ6ng trong hong, kich thich khac nho va ho khan.

Dif6i niem mac hong, c6 rat nhieu to chiic bach huyet nlim r a i rac, goi la "nang bach huyet" hoSc "nang lympho", c6 nhiem v u bao ve cd the, chong lai cac v i khuan gay benh tCf ben ngoai vao. Trong qua t r i n h hong h i viem cap, cac nang bach huyet phai tang sinh, phinh to, de san xuat them bach cau chohg lai v i khuan. Mat khac, trong qua t r i n h viem nhiem, cac mach mau diidi niem mac hong cung gian to ra, de diia them mau va bach cau t6i hong. Sau nhieu ddt viem hong cap, cac nang bach huyet phai phinh ra qua lau, hi xd ciing, khong the co nho lai va trci ve trang thai binh thifdng, ma ket lai v6i nhau thanh tiing dam day, go len mat niem mac, trcf thanh "viem hong qua phat", va thildng goi la "viem hong hat".

Viem hong hat trong Dong y c6 ten la "Man tinh phi hau tinh yet viem" hoac "Lien chu hdu ty". De chuta t r i mot each toan dien, ban nen den mot phong kham Dong y c6 uy t i n , de diidc cac thay thuoc xem mach va ke cho ddn thuoc thich hdp nhat v6i benh tinh va the tang cua minh. Trii6c mat, chi c6 the gi6i thieu v6i ban hai bai thuoc k i n h nghiem, nhieu ngifdi dung c6 tac dung tot, de ban ap dung thvL.

Ngildi bi viem hong hat thiidng c6 cam giac vil6ng trong hong va thifdng gay buon non. Chi can mot kich thich nhe, nhvi danh rSng buoi sang, tham chi chi can ha mieng, da c6 the hi non. K h i kham hong se thay: niem mac thanh sau hong day len va sin sui, tren do c6 nhflng

- Bdi thuoc I: Huyen sam 12g, sinh dia 12g, mach mon lOg, thien hoa phan 9g, mach mon lOg, thien hoa phan 9g, ngvfu bang th 9g, xa can 6g, cat canh 6g, ngifu tat 12g, kha t ^ 9g, sinh cam thao 3g. Sac 3 Ian, hdp 3 nifdc lai, chia ra uohg thay nii6c trong ngay.

266

267

MOT SO MON AN CHUA MONO TINH

hdp, hoac khong t h u dam. Noi chung, den, tuoi trifcing thanh nam gidi chua c6 vd hoac da c6 vd ma hai ngiidi xa nhau, mot vai thang xuat t i n h vai Ian la hien tutdng sinh ly binh thifdng va goi la "di tinh sinh ly". Neu t i n h xuat nhieu Ian, mot tuan vai Ian hoac tham chi mot dem vai Ian, lai kem theo nhi3ng chiing trang benh ly nhuf met moi, choang dau, hoa mat,... t h i se la "di tinh benh ly" va k h i do m6i can phai chQa t r i . Dong y chia " d i t i n h benh ly" thanh 2 loai: "Mong tinh" va "boat tinh". Xuat t i n h k h i nlim md thay chuyen sic t i n h goi la "mong t i n h " , benh tifdng doi nhe. Con tinh xuat trong luc t i n h hoac khong ngu md, t h i goi la "boat t i n h " , benh tinh nang hdn. Ban c6 the can c\i vac cac trieu chiing cu the cua ban than, ma liia chon, Slut dung thut mot so M6n an - bdi thuoc, nhxi sau:

+ Hoi: Toi nam nay 22 tuoi, c6 dieu mong dupe "Thuoe vudrn nhd" gidi dap giup hp: Toi rat hay bi mong tinh trong khi ngu, mot tudn khodng 4-5 Idn, dieu do Idm toi vd ciing khd chiu. Mong "Thuoc vu&n nhd" cho biet: Dieu do co hai cho toi khong? Co bdi thuoc gi de Idm bdt di su khd chiu ay khong?

1. Triidng hcfp c6 cac trieu chitng: Mong t i n h , kem theo ngifdi met moi, dau choang vang, hoi hop ngu khong yen giac, md nhieu, d l tinh; dai tien tao bon, diidng vat ciing nhanh va xu^'t tinh nhanh, mieng kho Ivfdi hao, chat lifdi do, mach te sac (nho, nhanh). Co the diing cac Mon an - bdi thuoc.

i . Bdi thuoc 2: Huyen sam 12g, sinh dia 12g, true nhvf (tarn gCfng sao) 9g, lai phuc t ^ 9g, t h i de 6g, tran bi 6g, phuc linh lOg, thien hoa phan 12g, r l CO xMdc 12g, cam thao 3g. Sic nif6c uong thay tra trong ngay. Din tien, hay dung Bdi thuoc 1 vai ba ngay, de khong che hien tiidng non khan, Idm giong. K h i da d3 1dm giong, non khan, t h i diing Bdi thuoc 2 de.ich k h i , tan ket, hoa dam, Idi hau = Dieu hoa chiic nang ho hap, lam tan dan cac nang bach huyet phi dai, tieu ddm, giup cho hau hong difdc thong suot. LifOng y HirDan

+ Dap: Mong t i n h thuoc pham v i " D i t i n h " trong Dong y. " D i t i n h " chi hien tiidng xu^'t tinh 6 nam gidi trong nhiing triicJng hdp khong giao 268

(1). Bot miidp dang: Mifdp d i n g 1 qua, khiem thiic (tan thanh hot min) 10-15g, dudng t r i n g 30g. Mtrdp d i n g r^a sach, thai n h u y i n , 269

hoa deu v6i bot khiem thiic va diidng; chia 2 Ian an trong ngay, lien tuc trong 5-7 ngay. (2). Chdo Id sen hoa cue: La sen 1 cai, cue hoa 30g, gao nep 50-lOOg. Sic la sen va cue hoa lay nii6c (bo ba), cho gao vao nft'u chao; chia ra an trong ngay, an nong, hen tuc trong 5-7 ngay. 2. Tritdng hop c6 cdc trieu cMng: Mong tinh, mieng khat nhifng khong thich uong nif6c nhieu, bung t n l 6 n g day, dai tien k h i tao k h i nhao, tieu tien, sen do, reu liidi vang, mach boat sac (trdn, nhanh), c6 the dung: (1) . Chdo md de tdm sen: La ma de tiidi 30g, tarn sen lOg, gao te 50-lOOg, hanh t r l n g 1-2 cu. Thai nho la ma de, cung hanh sic lay nUdc, bo ba, cho tam sen va gao vao nau chao, chia ra an trong ngay, lien tuc 5-7 ngay. (2) . Chdo chi tie lien tdm: Chi t ^ (danh danh) 7g, t a m sen (lien tarn) lOg, gao te 50lOOg. Gao te va t a m sen cung nau thanh chao, k h i chin cho chi t\i da nghien nho vao tron deu, dun them mot chut nQa la dvfdc, c6 the them chut dUdng trSng, chia ra an trong ngay, lien tuc 5-7 ngay. 3. TrUdng hop c6 cdc trieu chvCng: Ngu i t , hay ngu me, mong t i n h , kem thed chong mat, nhijtc dJiu, u t a i , liing goi dau moi, chiu nong hoac chiu lanh kem, mach te sach (nho nhanh) hoac t r i m nhUdc (chim, yeu), c6 the dung t h ^ . 270

(1) . Chdo scfn diCdc ngo thii du: Sdn dUdc (cu mai) 30-60g, ngo t h u du 15-20g, gao te 50-lOOg. Sac sdn diidc va ngo t h u lay nif6c, cho gao va nau chao, chia ra an trong ngay, lien tuc 5-7 ngay. (2) . Canh cd diec kim anh tit: Ca diec 250g, k i m anh t\i 30g, d i u md, mfim muoi gia v i liidng thich hdp. Ca diec bo ruot va noi tang, de nguyen vay, cung k i m anh tijf cho vao noi, them nU6c nau den k h i ca chin, them mSm muoi gia vi, chia ra Sn trong ngay, an ca va uong nif6c canh, hen tuc 5-7 ngay. Li/ong y H i r D a n

THUdc CHUA BENH TIM, THAP KHdP + Hoi: Toi nay 52 tuoi, bi benh tint h& van 2 Id) vcl thdp khofp dd Idu. C6 ngudi mach cho 2 bdi thuoc: (1) Gd ham muoi - ch&a thdp kh&p: Dung gdgid 1 con, Idm sach, nhoi ngdi cvcu, hat sen... vao trong bung, sau do gdi kin bang Id chuoi vd bpc them khodng 5 tcf bdo, bugc chat bang lot. Lay mot cdi xoong do khodng 2 dot ngdn tay muoi xudng day, dot gd len, lai do muoi len tren cho kin. Cuoi cung dot len bep nu&ng 2,5-3 gid Id bo ra an duac. Toi dd an thu:, thdy trong ngudi khang khdc, khong biet c6: nen tiep tuc hay khong (2): Tim ham diia, ngdi cvcu - ch&a benh tim: Bo 1 qua diJCa non lay nude vd cdi, them ngdi cum, cho vd mot cdi bat; dot

271

1 qua tint Ion vao bat, hap each thuy cho chin roi an. T6i khdng Met c6 the dung hai bai thuoc tren de chua benh cua minh khdng? Rat mong dugc "Thuoc vu&n nhd" trd lei giup. + Dap: (1) Bai thuoc "Gd ham muoi" ma bac noi trong thir, da dUdc \\iu truyen trong gi6i ngvTdi cao tudi cf Ha Noi t\i nhieu nSm trxidc, v6i ten la "Bai thuoc bi truyen chUa thap khdp cua ong ban td", nhufng khi niidng chi can boc la chuoi, va con c6 them mot so vi thuoc khac. Ngildi phd bien bai thuoc ke rSng, gia dinh c6 ngiidi bi benh thap kh6p rat nang, khong di lai dUdc. May mfin dvfdc ong buon td quen gia dinh mach cho bai thuoc bi truyen, svt dung mot thdi gian thi benh khoi hoan toan. Theo chiing toi biet, mot so ngiidi dung bai thuoc nay thay benh c6 chuyen bien tich cUc. Tuy nhien, khong c6 bai thuoc chQa thap kh6p nao c6 the chuta khoi benh cho tat ca moi doi tiidng. Vi moi bai thuoc, c6 phat buy dUdc ac dung tot hay khong, con tuy thuoc vao tudi tac, gi6i tinh, the hie benh tinh, kha nang chong benh... cua trCng ngUdi. Do do, triidc khi ke ddn, thay thuoc Dong y m6i can phai "bat mach" va "Bien chijtng luan tri" - nghia la ke ddn theo dSc diem siic khoe va benh tinh cua tvftig ngvidi benh. Bac noi rSng uohg vao thay "khang khac". Vay la chuyen bien tot hay xa'u? Neu tha'y c6 cai thien, thi c6 the tiep VSfZ

tuc s\i dung, vi cac thanh ph^n trong "M6n an โ ข bai thuoc" nay deu khong doc hai. (2) "Tim ham diia, ngdi cihi" cung bao gom nhflng vi thuoc c6 tac dung bdi bd khi huyet va c6 th^ s\i dung de chiJa tri mot so'b^nh thuoc hยง tim mach. Theo Dong y, tim Idn c6 vi ngot mSn, tinh binh, vao kinh Tam, c6 tac dung tr^'n tinh, an th^n, bd tam. Ngai ciiu c6 tac dung on bd khf huyet. Nif6c diifa c6 tac dung ttf bd tam than. Vi v^y, theo chung toi nghi, bai thuoc n^y ciing c6 tac dung tot doi v6i ngiidi mic benh tim mach. Xin gi6i thieu them 2 bai thuoc de bac tham khao: - Chita suy tim, mo hoi nhieu, mat ngu: Dung tim Idn 1 qua, rtfa sach roi bd ra, them nhan sam, difdng quy - m6i thtjt 5-lOg - nhdi vao trong tim Idn, hap chin Sn ca thuoc va tim Idn. - Chiia thap tim (rheumatic heart disease): Tim Idn 1 qua, hong tao (tao tau) 1 qua. Cung n&u chm, Sn ca cai iSn nxidc. Moi ngay &n 1 l^n, moi li$u trinh 7-10 ngay. T H U O C N A M C H O A LI M A N T I N H

+ Hoi: Tdi bi benh di U dd Ida ngdy, dUng thuSc tdn dugc chi dd dugc mot thdi gian nhung khdng khoi hdn, hon nOa lai rdt met Vi vdy, mong "Thudc vu&n nhd" mdch giUp mdt sdbdi thudc Nam de dp dung thi. 273

hoc lai, hoSc nh6t vko mig'ng chu6i tieu mil nu6t (vi hat nha dam t^ r^'t dSng). M6i ngay uohg nhxl vay 2 Ian trxidc bQa an triia va buoi toi trxidc khi di ngu. Diing lien tuc 5 ngay, nghi 2 ngay roi uohg lai, cho den khi khoi. Kinh nghiem cho tha'y, bai thuoc nay c6 tac dung r^'t tot doi vdi trilclng hdp li man tinh do nhiim k^ sinh trung amip. - Bdi thuoc 3: Dung nhan nha dam tii, bach thao svfdng - hai thii lieu liidng bang nhau. "Bach thao siidng" la muoi den cao b day noi. Muoi noi do rdm ra, cay c6 dot chay thanh khoi lau ngay hdp thanh. Chi dung muoi noi nau bang cui hoac rdm ra. Muoi ci noi dat thoi cdm la tot nhat. Luu y ch6 nham muoi noi v6i "bo hong" ^ong y goi la "6 long vi"). Ta't ca dem tan thanh bot min, luyen v6i ho lam thanh vien bang hat do xanh, sa'y kho, cho vao lo nut kin dung dan. NgUdi 16n m6i ngay uohg 2 Ian, moi Ian 15-20 vien; tre nho tu^ theo tuoi, moi lin uohg 2-10 vien.

+ D^p: Li la loai benh difcJng ruot c6 tfnh truyen nhiim, c6 the phat sinh quanh nSm, nhUng nhieu nhat vao mua thu, v6i nhQng trieu chtjtng dien hinh la dau bung, phan c6 lln mau, mui, mot rSn, ngoi lau. Li man tinh thiicJng do li cap tinh khong chfla tri triet de, de benh k6o dai lau ngay thanh man tinh. Muon dung thuoc Nam de chQa benh, tot nha't ban nen den mot phong kham Dong y c6 uy tin, de dildc cac thiy thSm kham va ke cho ddn thuoc thich hdp v6i the trang va benh tinh cua minh. Chuyen muc chi c6 the gidi thieu mot so bai thuoc de tham khao. - Bdi thuoc 1: Dung hat y di sao vang 40g, kim ngan hoa 25g, rau ma kho 25g (tiidi 60g). Neu CO nhQng chttng trang thuoc han (ngiicJi sd lanh bung day dau, thich chiJdm nong, chan an, phan trang nhdt...) them gvfng kho 12g hoac que 6g. Ta't ca cho vao am, do ngap nifdc tren mat thuoc mot dot ngon tay, sic lay 200ml loc trong, chia thanh 2 phan uohg trong ngay liic doi bung. Lien tuc trong 7-10 ngay (mot lieu trinh), nghi 3-5 ngay lai tiep tuc mot lieu trinh khac. - Bdi thuoc 2: Dung 5-7 hat nha dam t^ (la qua chin cua cay nha dam tvL, con goi la cay "sau dau ciit chuot", "chu men", "san dUc" (Sam Sdn), "ciit CO" (Vinh Linh), "bat binh" (Nghe An), ... Ten khoa hoc la Brucea Javanica (L.) Merr.), b6c bo v6 lay nhan, cho vao mieng cui long nhan 274

3 BAI

THUOC CHCA DAU THAT

Ncirc

Dau that ngiic (angina pectoris) la mot bยงnh tim mach thutdng gap b nhiJng ngiicJi the cha't hut nhiJdc, nam gidi tren 40 va nQ gi6i tren 45 tudi. Chiing trang dien hinh cua benh la: Bong nhien 275 I

dau that d ngtfc t r a i - vung trU6c t i m va sau xiidng lie; dau thudng Ian len cd, ham, vai, canh tay t r a i hoac ra sau lUng. Cdn dau thUcJng xu^'t hien dot ngot, k h i phai gSng stic, bi nhiem lanh, Sn uohg qua no say, t i n h cam kich dong manh. Tuy nhien, cdn dau cung c6 the xu^'t hien bat chdt vao thcJi diem bat k ^ trong ngay. Thong thiicJng, cdn dau chi keo dai 1-5 phut, nghi ngdi mot lat hokc uohg thuoc la lai binh thiidng. Trvfdng hdp benh nSng, c6 the dau kich liet, cdn dau k6o dai, mSt t r i n g bech, moi t i m tai, va mo hoi lanh, chan tay te dai, tham chi dot tijt. Nguyen nhan tnlc tiep dSn t6i dau that ngvtc, Ik do nhu cau ve mau cua cd t i m vUdt qua liidng mau diidc cung clip tvL dong mach vanh, thucing do dong mach vanh bi xd viJa. Th^nh mach vanh bi xd wvLa, long mach bi hep lai, khien lilu lifdng mau trong mach giam, khong du dap ling nhu c l u cua cd t i m . K h i mang xd viJa trong thanh mach v^nh c6 bd khong deu, nham nhcl hoSc c6 vet niit, t h i tieu cau d l bi ket t u , tao thanh cue huyet khoi, giai phong cac cha't gay CO mach, khien long dong mach bi hep lai va thUcIng d i n den edn dau k6o dai, xua't hien d^y hdn, nha't la k h i cin phai gSng siic. Triiclng hdp mang xd viJa trong long mach phan bo deu, dong tam, be mSt tUdng doi nhSn, t h i cdn dau xuยง't hi$n i t hdn, neu han che gSng siie wk tranh nhiing kich dong ve mkt t i n h t h i n . 276

benh c6 the on dinh hang thang, c6 k h i hang nam. Dau that ngiie la can benh c6 the d i n tdi nhiing bien chiing nguy hiem. Tuy nhien, neu dudc chan doan s6m va dieu t r i kip thdi, dong thdi thiic hien nhiing bien phap d i i phong hu!u hieu, t h i benh c6 nhieu kha nang diidc chiia khoi, hofic chi i t ciing c6 the chung song binh yen v6i benh. SvL dung thuoc thao diidc cua Dong y, hien t a i la mot trong so' nhiing bien phap dU phong va chQa t r i dau that ngUc hiiu hieu, diJdc ngiidi benh lia chuong, nhd hieu qua ro rang, tac dung lau dai va tiJdng doi an toan, i t tac dung phu. Dong y khong c6 benh danh "dau that ngiic", nhiing chiing trang va phtfdng phap chiia t r i can benh nay, da difdc de cap trong pham v i cac chiing "hung thong", "chan tam thong" va "quyet tam thong" (hon quyet do dau tim). Theo Dong y, nguyen nhan d i n t6i benh bao gom "noi nhan" va "ngoai nhan". Noi nhan chu yeu do tudi cao chiic nang cua 3 tang tam, ty va than bi suy yeu, am diidng k h i huyet khong day du, khien cho tam mach bi nghen tac ma gay nen benh. Ngoai nhan chu yeu do nhiem lanh, dot ngot an qua no, t i n h k h i kich thich qua manh hoac lam viec qua met nhoc, khien cho tam mach bi nghen tac ma gay nen benh. 277

Ngiidi benh c6 the can cii vao nhiSng chfing trang bieu hien cu the ci ban than, ma chon dung mot trong so' cac bai thuoc d\idi day, de tien hanh "bien chijfng t h i t r i " : ^

•BM thuoc 1:

- Thanh phdn: Qua lau bi (vo t r a i diia trdi) 12g, gi6i bach (cu kieu) 6g, can khiidng (cu giJfng kho) 9g, cao liidng khiidng (cu rieng) 15g, que chi 9g, tarn that 6g, dan sam 15g, hong hoa 6g, te tan 3g. Tat ca nau v6i 1.500ml niidc, sic lay 600ml, chia ra 3 Ian uong trong ngay, uong am, thuoc lanh can ham nong lai. - Tdc dung: Thong diidng, tan han, chi thong (chong dau). Dting chvia t i m dau that the "han ngiing tam mach", v6i nhflng bieu hien: Ngifc dau that, dau xuyen ra sau liing, moi k h i gap trdi lanh benh l a i phat tac, kem theo cam giac ngiic tijtc day, trong ngiic, hoi hop, thci yeu, sd lanh, chan tay lanh. Chat lUdi toi nhdt, reu hidi t r i n g ; mach dap cang nhanh. • Bai thuoc 2:

vdi nhQng bieu hien: Vung t i m dau nhvi dui dam d vi t r i co' dinh, dem den dau nang them, c6 the kem theo trong ngiic, bon chon, ngtfc siJdn day tilc. Chat lifdi t i m tai, mach dap chim r i t . • Bai thuoc 3: - Thanh phdn: Qua lau 15g, gi6i bach 6g, ban ha 9g, tran bi 9g, phuc linh 15g, dan sam 15g, sa nhan 3g. Neu uong diidc rifdu them 30-60ml rifdu trSng hoa vcii nifdc sic uong. Tat ca nau v6i 1.400ml nvtdc, sic lay 600ml, chia ra 3 Ian uong trong ngay, uong am. - Tdc dung: Thong diidng hoa dam (trii tich tre), chi thong. Diing chiia t i m dau that the "dam troc nghen tac" v6i nhiing bieu hien: Hdi thd ngan gap, ngUc dau tiic, dau luc nang liic nhe, v i t r i dau co" dinh, c6 k h i dau xuyen ra sau liing. Dau dai d i n g lau ngay khong khoi, hay phat tac trong nhiJng ngay trdi lanh hoac k h i tdc gian. NgUdi beo beu, chan tay nang ne, thich ngu. Chat lifdi t r i n g nh6t, mach dap trdn, nho. • Bai thuoc 4:

- Thanh phdn: Dtfdng quy 9g, xuyen khung 9g, xich thildc 12g, sinh dia 12g, ngtfu tat 9g, dao nhan 9g, hong hoa 6g, chi xac lOg, sai ho lOg, cat canh 6g, dien ho sach 9g, cam thao 3g. • Sac va uong nhu Bai thuoc 1.

- Thanh phdn: Hoang ky 30g, dang sam 15g, mach mon dong 15g, ngii v i t ^ 6g, ngoc true 9g, dildng quy 9g, xuyen khung 9g, dan sam 15g, cam thao 9g, dai tao (tao tau) 5 trai. Sac va uong giong nhii Bai thuoc 1.

- Tdc dung: Hoat huyet, hoa d, chi thong.

- Tdc dung: Ich k h i dudng am, thong mach, chi thong. Diing chiia t i m dau that lau ngay

Dving chQa t i m dau that the " k h i tre huyet vL"

279

khong khoi, difdng k h i va am huyet deu h\i ton nang (khi am liidng hii), v6i nhiJng bieu hien: Ngot ngat, nham nhoi dau ci vung trii6c t i m va sau xiidng ijtc, trong ngiic, hoi hop, hoac met la, choang vang, ra mo hoi trom k h i n ^ m ngu (dao han), hong kho, mieng hao, chat liJdi do hoac ria lUdi CO vet rang, reu liidi mong hoac i t reu, mach nho yeu t h i n h thoang ngufng dap. โ ข BdithuocS: - Thanh phdn: Phu t ^ che 9g, que chi 9g, thuc dia 9g, sdn difdc 12g, sdn t h u du 9g, phuc hnh 15g, trach ta 15g, hoang ky 30g, dang sam 15g, bach truat 15g, dan sam 15g, cao liJdng khiidng (cu rieng) 6g, hiidng phu 6g, dan hifdng 6g, nau v6i 2.000ml nxidc, rieng phu tvL can sic trxidc i t nhat 1 gid, sau do cho cac v i thuoc con lai vao nau tiep; sac lay 600ml, chia ra 3 Ian uohg trong ngay, uohg am. - Tdc dung: On bo t y than, hoat huyet, thong mach, chi thong. DCing chiJa t i m dau the "ty than diidng hxi", v6i nhiing bieu hien: Ngot ngat, kho thci, t i m dau that, luc dau nang xuyen ra sau lilng, chiu lanh kem, t i n h than ue oai, liing te moi, tieu tien trong dai, hoSc suyยงn thc(, dau 6c md mang, chan tay phu thdng. Chat lUdi nhdt, reu Ixidi trSng, mach chim nho yeu, doi k h i nhii ngijfng dap. LiTdng y HirOan 280

MUC L U C 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28.

Thuoc quy tCr cCi kiยงu Hoa cue - sang mit, ha huyet ap Ngan hanh va bach qua Gia trj dLfdc dung cua rau sam "Nga bat thi/c thao" chOra viem mui dj ufng Co seo g^ chiJra kh6i vet ch^m? La nhot chGa viem khi quan man ti'nh V6 re dau tam chCJfa kh6i diroc viem loet da dSy? SCf dung c6 bp chOra tieu tien kho khan Tac dung chiJa benh cCia cay chut chi't La v^ hoa phu dung c6 tac dung gi? Ph6ng cam cum v6i c^nh la bo miy DCing cay thom lom chiJra benh ch^m Tac dung cai lao ho^n dong cCia trai hoe Tac dung cCia "day md Ipn" Dung "day muoi" chOra benh tieu di/dng Bo cap: "ong Sn b^ v6 tay khen"? Dung hat sau dau chQa benh Ij Rau mong toi - vj thu6c quy Lac ngam giam chiia cao huyet ap Ray gai chiJra dau nhCfc, viem gan Cay "bay la mot hoa" c6 tac dung gi? Ong dat, ong den "Phaong vT' la vi thuoc gi? Dung "cay thuoc mpi" chCira dau nhirc Phat thCi - vj thu6c quy Tac dung chOra benh cua lac tien M6o den v6i bยงnh hen phe quan

5 9 11 15 17 21 23 26 28 30 31 36 39 41 46 48 50 53 56 58 61 63 66 69 72 75 77 79

281

29. Mat gau v6i benh viem loet tieu hoa

30. "Nguyen sam" !a sam gi?

31. Day dau XLfOng

32. "Hoang mu" la cay gl?

33. Rau dCra nir6c v6i chCfng da! due

34. Tac dung chuTa benh cua con c6c

35. Cay hy thiem chOra ban than bat toai

36. Simg de nui v6i benh viem xoang

102

37. Day va la ha thu 6 v6i chCmg toe bac s6m

103

38. Thuoc nam chOra hoi mieng

106

•.

39. M6n an - thuoc nam phong benh gut

110

40. Dung thit than Ian chOra hen suyen

113

41. Bo cap dat, ngo tay, tfa to

115

42. Cay sura

118

43. Re ngo dong chOra dau cot song

120

44. Mai rua chiJra viem mui man ti'nh

122

45. ThCr sam trong diroc khap ndi, trong vi/dn nh&

125

46. Thuoc nam chOra mat ngu

128

47. Hoa cay cue ao chOra dau rang

131

48. Thuoc nam chGra dau rang dai d i n g

134

49. V6 cay thanh that la thuoc bd?

137

50. Cay dadng - thuoc qu^ VLTdn nha

139

51. Thuoc nam chOra dau limg

143

52. Tac dung ch&a benh cua dao tien

148

53. L6 hoi la mot vi thuoc bd?

151

54. SCf dung thanh hao trong gia dinh

153

55. Tac dung cua cay than mat

156

56. Cay bong nLfdc - chOfa viem nhiem sung dau

159

57. Trai moc qua - chOra dau xildng kh6p

161

58. Tac dung quy cCia "bach hoa xa" va "tam bop"

164

59. Chura trj trTngoai bang la ngoi

168

60. B6p b6p (CO lao) - sattrung, tieu sirng, cam mau

171

t; •»

282

61. Dung la nh6i chura l6 ngCfa

174

62. T^c dung chOra b6nh eOa xa mu6p

176

63. Than trong khi dung huong nhu chOra cam n i n g

178

64. Tac dung chOra benh eGa cay bu6m bac

182

65. Long nha thao chOra cac chCrng xuat huyet

186

66. Co t h i dung ch6 v i n g giam beo bung?

189

67. Vai meo bd sung canxi

193

68. ChCmg ham hap sot vao budi sang

198

69. TCf bao nhieu tudi c6 the dung nhung huou?

202

70. Toi - phi/ong thuoc ky dieu, linh dan tren b^n an

205

71. Bai thuoc bi tnjyen chOa ung thu, thong tin lien quan

209

72. Ngirdi gay, toe rung, hanh kinh dau bung

220

73. Thuoc nam chOra viem mui man ti'nh

223

74. Trd lai b^i thuoc chOra viem mui man ti'nh

226

75. Viem tuyen tien Net man ti'nh

229

76. Thuoc thang can sac nhi/ the n^o?

234

77. B^i thuoc chOra viem xoang mui

238

78. Giai doc cd thd - lieu phap ddn gian v^ hieu qua

244

79. B^i thuoc thirdng dung chOra trj viem da kh6p

251

80. Hai b^i thudc chOra viem bd than man

257

81. Tir che xi-ro chiJra mat ngO

260

82. Hai b^i thudc chura viem hong hat

265

83. Mot so mon an chura mong tinh

268

84. Thudc chura benh tim, thap khdp

271

85. Thudc nam chura Ij man ti'nh

273

86. 5 b^i thudc chura dau that ngiTc

275

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