Pallavi

Vol.4 Issue 1

International Engineering Journal For Research & Development

Impact factor : 3.35

E-ISSN NO:-2349-0721

A REVIEW PAPER ON: VEHICULAR ROUTING INFORMATION SERIES OF OBSERVATIONS TO MAXIMIZE DATA PREFETCHING IN VEHICULAR CLOUD SYSTEM (VCS) 1

Ms. Puja V. Gawande, 2Pallavi C. Maraskolhe

1

Assistant Professor Dept. of Electronics & Communication Engg., 2Dept. of Electronics & Communication Engg.

1

2

p.gawande07@gmail.com, pallavi6191@gmail.com

_________________________________________________________________________________________

ABSTRACT In the last few decades, new wireless communication

technologies

harmonize

into

modernistic vehicles offer an opportunity for better abetment or helping to people injured in traffic accidents.

Recent

research

shoe

how

communication concord should be supported by

Index term – wireless access point (APs), vehicular ad hoc network (VANETs), vehicle to vehicle (V2V), vehicle to infrastructure (V2I), infrastructure to vehicle (I2V), vehicular cloud system (VCS).

artificial intelligence systems is the ability of the computer program or machine to learn and

INTRODUCTION

perform. To improve the overall rescue procedure, a fast and accurate estimation of the hardness of the accident represent a key point to help emergency service better assessment the required resources .In this paper, we contrive a vehicle route-based data dissemination success probability in an average sense when the size of local data storage is limited and wireless connectivity is precise unknown. We propose a grasping algorithm and an online learning algorithm for determinist and precise cases respectively, to decide how to prefer a set of data of interest from a data centre to roadside wireless access points (APs). The wireless serves as an infrastructure for network connectivity in VANETs. Project proposed a novel intelligent system where is able to automatically detects road accidents, notify them through vehicular network and assessment their severity based on the concept of data mining and knowledge interference.

During the past few decades, the total number of vehicles in our roads has experienced eccentric growth making traffic density higher and increasing driver’s attention requirements. Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) have been widely studied as an effective method for providing wireless communication

connectivity

in

vehicular

transportation systems. Especially, vehicular cloud systems (VCS) have received rich well-provided interest for the ability to offer a variety of vehicle information

services.

We

consider

the

data

circulation problem of providing reliable data delivery service from a cloud data centre to vehicles through roadside wireless access point (APs) with local data storage. Due to spasmodic wireless connectivity and the restricted data storage size of roadside wireless APs, the question of how to use the limited resources of the wireless APs is one of the most pressing issues affecting data broadcasting

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International Engineering Journal For Research & Development

Vol.4 Issue 1

efficiency in vehicular cloud system (VCS). In

complication for successful enforcement of VCS.

VANETs, vehicle to vehicle (V2V), Infrastructure to

Artificial intelligent system capable of automating

vehicle (I2V) and vehicle to infrastructure (V2I)

many of the decisions to be taken by emergency

communication are defined, depending on the

services thereby adapting the rescue resources to the

direction of traffic flow. While V2V primarily used

hardness of the accident and reducing abetment time.

for exchanging immediate driving information among

We centralized our attention on the problem of how

neighbouring vehicles on the road for safety

to exploitable the local data storage of roadside

purposes, infrastructure to vehicle (I2V) and vehicle

wireless APs for functioning data dissemination

to infrastructure (V2I) aim for data delivery services

within the VCS. For demonstration, we consider a

from or to the internet through the roadside wireless

data dissemination scenario for VCS, as shown in

APs in VANETs. The vehicular cloud system (VCS)

fig.1. Suppose a vehicle request cloud data and the

is a new emerging technology that can provide cloud

routing path is stalwart in advance. All the wireless

service for various vehicle information applications

APs located on the path of vehicle escort

such

autonomous

from the cloud servers and transmits it to the vehicle,

navigation service and remote vehicle diagnosis. The

when the wireless link to the vehicle is established.

routers for vehicular cloud system (VCS) consist of

This approach can achieve the largest data delivery

high performance cloud services at a data centre and

success probability. Nevertheless, it is not practically

a number of roadside wireless APs with restricted

applicable because the size of local storage in each

local data storage. Our system consider the most

wireless APs is too small to store all of the data

relevant variable that can characterized the exactness

requested by multitudinous vehicles at the same time.

of the accidents (variables such as the vehicles speed,

Note that number of data chunks that can be prefetch

the type of vehicles involved, the impact speed and

from a cloud server at a single point is restricted by

the status of airbag). It is more advisable to be gadget

the wired link capacity of the wireless APs,

and executer as a cloud service of VCS because

regardless of the fact that the APs has a large storage

vehicles may have inadequate data processing and

capacity. If a wireless APs has a gigabits Ethernet

storage competence to run such a heavy application

link with 128-GB solid state drive storage, it can

in a standalone manner. When a vehicle demand data

prefect 75 100-MB video clips every minute and can

delivery

vehicle

store 2560 video clips. In such a case, with respect to

information application, it use the wireless roadside

dissemination efficiency, it is more desirable to fetch

APs to contractual the cloud servers. Furthermore,

the data requested by more than two vehicles to the

the cloud server can perform computation intensively

wireless APs located on the intersection of multiple

tasks and dissemination output data to the vehicular

paths rather than that requested by only one vehicle.

as

multimedia

and

computing

streaming,

services

for

the data

subscriber. The roadside APs are connected to the cloud servers through wired links, the connection between

the

vehicles

and

wireless

APs

is

intermittency the vehicle enters and leaves service coverage area of the wireless APs access point. Thus, owing

to

vehicle

mobility

and

intermittency

connectivity, data dissemination to mobile vehicle trough the roadside wireless APs is a stimulating

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connectivity. The proposed data dissemination scheme is applicable to delay tolerant vehicular data services such as entertainment content distribution, navigation data updates, and online travel guide services.

RELATED WORK J. Zhao, Y. Zhang, and G. Cao, “Data pouring and buffering on the road: A new Fig.1. Vehicle route-based and roadside wireless-AP-based data dissemination scenario for a VCS.

data

dissemination

paradigm

for

vehicular ad hoc networks”. The information propagation research for VANETs is encapsulate into

For example, if vehicles A and B requisition for the

the

same vehicular cloud service, as shown in Fig. 1, the

conversations. The information propagation research

AP 5 has the data chunk and chunk is a set of facts

for V2V conversations focuses on how to accomplish

provided which are send towards the vehicles

authentic and prompt data supply among mobile

because both vehicles pass by AP 5. It is also

vehicles on roads over alternately connected wireless

important

have

links [13],[11]and[6]–[9]. In [6], the information

interconnected to wireless APs only when they tarry

pouring algorithm with crossroads buffering was

for at minimum a distinct measure of time

proposed. The vehicles at crossroads keep the

surrounded by the service coverage area of the

information sent by the starting node in their buffers

roadside APs; above that, the interconnection is

and frequently rebroadcast it to other vehicles

susceptible to the time-varying wireless channel. In

sending the intersection. In, the path information of

this paper, we plan a vehicle route-based data

vehicles, which is easily available through the Global

perfecting framework for data dissemination or

Positioning System (GPS)-enabled navigation system

broadcasting in VCS, which improves the aggregate

in the vehicles, is used for relieve channel obstruction

dissemination success likelihood in an average sense

in data broadcasting by selecting suitable routing

when the magnitude of local data container is

ways.

to

examine

that

vehicles

two

categories

of

V2V

and

V2I/I2V

limited, and wireless connection is pretending unknown. We originate this data dissemination as a

X. Bai, M. Gong, Z. Gao, and S. Li,

binary intensification problem, for which the

“Reliable and efficient data dissemination

giltedge solution can be obtained by a decisive

protocol

combinatorial algorithm. We present a greedy

corresponding distance between surrounding mobile

algorithm and examine its corresponding to worst-

vehicles is estimate and utilized for ameliorate

case execution bound. We also present an online

responsibility of data transmission.

in

VANETs”.

In

[6],

the

research algorithm based on multi aimed bandits (MABs) to maximize the aggregate dissemination

R. S. Schwartset al., “Fair and adaptive

success probability in an average sense by capturing

data dissemination for traffic information

the unknown stochastic characteristics of wireless

systems”. In [7], Schwartz et al.

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Proposed

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Vol.4 Issue 1

International Engineering Journal For Research & Development Adaptive web work delivery control for proper

M. A. Salkuyeh, F. Hendessi, and T. A.

information transmission in VANETs.

Gulliver,

F. Ye, S. Roy, and H. Wang, “Efficient

rateless coding in a grid vehicular

data dissemination in vehicular ad hoc

topology”. In [4], rateless coding technology was

networks”. In [8], Ye et al. studied a peer-to-peer

involved at roadside wireless APs to develop the

data broadcasting difficulties which is used for illustrate a computer network in which each computer can sends information directly to another system without the necessity for a central server and recommended

a

network-coding-based

sending

information scheme for developing information reception capacity. The data broadcasting done in time and equilibrium information transmission momentum for the peer-to-peer data distribution were also arithmetically analysed in [8].

capacity

of

“Data

data

dissemination

broadcasting.

In

I2V

with

data

transmission, two main factors that outstandingly affect the data broadcasting execution are the restricted buffer size of roadside wireless APs and the irregular between the wireless APs and mobile vehicles.

Y. Ding and L. Xiao, “SAVD: Staticnode-assisted adaptive data dissemination in vehicular networks”. In [12], a cross-board data transmissions accommodate by static nodes was

M. Sathiamoorthy, A. G. Dimakis, B.

proposed. When there are no vehicles that can

Krishnamachari, and F. Bai, “Distributed

transmit the data over a routing way, static nodes

storage codes reduce latency in vehicular

situate at road intersections keep the information and

networks”. In [9], Sathiamoorthyet al. examine

send it when the routing path becomes accessible.

V2V information sharing using data codes for minimize data transmission dormancy in vehicular networks. In particular, they concentrate on the difficulty of how to keep erasure coded data in vehicles to improve V2V collision opportunities. The data broadcasting for V2I and I2V conversations focuses on how to effectively share the minimum resource of roadside APs to develop the quality of data broadcasting services.

H. Liang and W. Zhuang, “Cooperative data dissemination via roadside WLANs”.

In [10], Liang et al. proposed a collective data broadcasting approach. At the network level, network schemes were collaborative managed to gratify of

Fig.2- Data flow diagram of IoT based smart

service essential for real-time and non real-time

parking assistance.

traffic jams. At the package level, collective transmission for the goal of improving the high transmission rate was proposed.

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International Engineering Journal For Research & Development

Vol.4 Issue 1

following steps. Sensors detect whether a parking gap is reserved and send the data toward the main server.

Smart phone app requisition for a parking space and escort the drivers to that free space. Parking charges is directly paid through the smart phone app. Access to loading sector and residential parking sector are not allowed. IoT traffic architecture incorporate of RFID,

Figure3: Vehicle to vehicle communication Vehicles-to-Vehicle Communication: The basic flow diagram of the proposed structure is shown in fig.2. The cars entering and move from the parking slots are taken into calculation. The information thus congregate is sent to the garage management structures. Two types of sensors are recruit here, Parking sensors and roadway sensors. In a similar manner two meters are used such as, existing parking meters and new parking meters.

Wireless

sensor

technology,

Ad

Hoc

networking and internet based data systems. Brilliant traffic IoT is divided into three layers such as Application layer, Accretion layer and Network layer.

Application layer is responsible for sharp traffic management, sharp driver management, information reception and analysing and information services.

Network layer makes use of WiFi, 3G/4G and WiMax or GPRS. Acquisition layer employs RFID, RFID reader, WSN, Intelligent terminals.

In

this

type

of

conversation,

vehicles

The data obtained from the sensors is sends to the

communicate with each other to make convinced that

sensor management structures. Parking meters send

if there is traffic collision problem or mismatch has

their respective facts to the meter management

obtained then they should operate for alternate way.

blocks. All the information obtained above is sent to the central information management system where they are being received and processed. They are in turn sent to the information warehouse for observing and accumulate. Hence, this structure helps the purchaser to make superlative use of the resources that are convenient for safer and glassy parking of their cars and vehicles. Hence there will be an organized way of parking. Sensors recognise the unfilled parking spaces and convey the information to the main server. On the other hand smart phone app demand for a parking area and the vehicle is directed to the accessible parking area. Simultaneously, the parking charge is paid directly through the mobile app. This system can also be developed to provide

Figure 4: Vehicle to road communication Vehicle-to-Infrastructure:

self regulating lighting of the streets. Here the street lights are turned ‘on’ when the street is being used by the vehicles and otherwise it remains switched ‘off’.

The parking collaboration is provided using the

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Vehicle-to-Road Communication/ Road-to-Vehicle Communication. In this type of communication there is base station (Roadside Unit) that is located

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International Engineering Journal For Research & Development alongside the road which acts as a base station to send/collect messages that are being produced by the network when any category of incident event occurs.

REFERENCES [1]yangsoo Kim, Hyuk Lim, and Bhaskar Krishnamachari, “A survey on ” Member, IEEE Commun.vol.65, no.1,pp.292-306,Jan.2016.

[2] M. Whaiduzzaman, M. Sookhak, A. Gani, and R. Buyya, “A survey on vehicular cloud computing,” J. Netw.Comput. Appl., vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 325–344, Apr. 2014.

[3] P. Bellavista, A. Corradi, M. Fanelli, and L. Foschini, “A survey of context data distribution for mobile ubiquitous systems,” ACM Comput. Surveys, vol. 44, no. 4, pp.

1–49, Aug. 2013.

[4] M. A. Salkuyeh, F. Hendessi, and T. A. Gulliver, “Data dissemination with rateless coding in a grid vehicular topology,”EURASIP J. WirelessCommun.Netw., vol. 2013, no. 1, pp. 106:1–106:14, Apr. 2013.

[5] M. J. Khabbaz, C. M. Assi, and W. F. Fawaz, “Disruption tolerant networking: A comprehensive survey on recent developments and persisting challenges,” IEEE Commun. Surveys Tuts., vol. 14, no.

2, pp. 607–640, 2nd Quart. 2012.

[6] X. Bai, M. Gong, Z. Gao, and S. Li, “Reliable and efficient data dissemination protocol in VANETs,” in Proc. IEEE 8thInt. Conf. WiCOM, Netw.Mobile Comput., 2012, pp. 1–4.

[7] R. S. Schwartset al., “Fair and adaptive data dissemination for traffic information systems,” in Proc. IEEE VCN, 2012, pp. 1– 8.

[8] F. Ye, S. Roy, and H. Wang, “Efficient data dissemination in vehicular ad hoc networks,” IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 769–779, May 2012.

[9] M. Sathiamoorthy, A. G. Dimakis, B. Krishnamachari, and F. Bai, “Distributed storage codes reduce latency in vehicular networks,” in Proc.IEEE INFOCOM, 2012, pp. 2646–2650.

[10]H. Liang and W. Zhuang, “Cooperative data dissemination via roadside WLANs,” www.iejrd.in

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68–74, Apr. 2012.

[11] B. B. Dubey, N. Chauhan, and S. Pant, “RRDD: Reliable route based data dissemination technique in VANETs,” in Proc. Int. Conf. CSNT, 2011, pp. 148–151.

[12] Y. Ding and L. Xiao, “SAVD: Staticnode-assisted adaptive data dissemination in vehicular networks,” IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 59, no. 5, pp. 2445–2455, Jun. 2010.

[13] H. Hartenstein and K. P. Laberteaux, “A tutorial survey on vehicular ad hoc networks,” IEEE Commun. Mag., vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 164–171, Jun. 2008.

[14] J. Zhao, Y. Zhang, and G. Cao, “Data pouring and buffering on the road: A new data dissemination paradigm for vehicular ad hoc networks,” IEEETrans. Veh. Technol., vol. 56, no. 6, pp. 3266–3277, Nov. 2007.

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