MAA_ 10-11
RS2 _ SELF SUFFICIENT BUILDINGS _2T FINAL PRESENTATION Tomรกs Vivanco Larrain _ Faculty: Vicente Guallart / Assistant: Rodrigo Rubio
A_ ANALYSIS 1_ environmental site analysis P reva iling Winds
Psychrometric Chart
W in d F r e q u e n c y ( H r s )
D a te : 1 s t J a n u a ry - 3 1 s5 t0 D kemc /e hm b e r T im e : 0 0 : 0 0 - 2 4 : 0 0
© W e a th e r T o o l
40 km/h 30 km/h 20 km/h
AH
Location: BAR CE LONA, E S P
L o c a tio n : B A R C E L O N A , E S P ( 4 1 . 3 ° , 2 . 1 ° ) h rs 80+ 71 64 55 48 40 32 24 16 <8
10 km/h
50 km/h 40 km/h 30 km/h 20 km/h
h rs 90+ 80 72 62 54 45 36 27 18 <9
10 km/h
50 km/h 40 km/h 30 km/h 20 km/h
h rs 42+ 37 33 29 25 21 16 12 8 <4
10 km/h
50 km/h 40 km/h 30 km/h 20 km/h
h rs 87+ 78 69 60 52 43 34 26 17 <8
10 km/h
Frequency: 1st January to 31st December W eekday T imes: 00:00-24:00 Hrs W eekend T imes: 00:00-24:00 Hrs Barometric Pressure: 101.36 kPa © W e a th e r T o o l
S E L E CT E D DE S IG N T E CH NIQU E S : 1. passive solar heating 2. thermal mass effects 3. natural ventilation
30
25
J a n u a ry
F e b ru a ry
M a rc h
A p r il
20
50 km/h 40 km/h 30 km/h 20 km/h
h rs 72+ 64 57 50 43 36 28 21 14 <7
10 km/h
50 km/h 40 km/h 30 km/h 20 km/h
h rs 66+ 59 52 46 39 33 26 19 13 <6
10 km/h
50 km/h 40 km/h 30 km/h 20 km/h
h rs 54+ 48 43 37 32 27 21 16 10 <5
10 km/h
50 km/h 40 km/h 30 km/h 20 km/h
h rs 94+ 84 75 65 56 47 37 28 18 <9
15
10 km/h
10
M ay
June
J u ly
A ugust
5 Comfort
50 km/h 40 km/h 30 km/h 20 km/h 10 km/h
h rs 113+ 101 90 79 67 56 45 33 22 <1 1
50 km/h 40 km/h 30 km/h 20 km/h 10 km/h
h rs 87+ 78 69 60 52 43 34 26 17 <8
50 km/h 40 km/h 30 km/h 20 km/h 10 km/h
h rs 97+ 87 77 67 58 48 38 29 19 <9
50 km/h 40 km/h 30 km/h 20 km/h
h rs 149+ 134 119 104 89 74 59 44 29 <1 4
DBT (°C)
5
10
15
20
25
30
Prevailing Winds
40
45
50
NOR T H
A v e ra g e W ind T e mp e ra ture s
10 km/h
35
345°
Location: BAR CE LONA, E S P (41.3°, 2.1°)
50 km/ h
°C
15°
45+
Date: 1st January - 31st December T ime: 00:00 - 24:00
330°
© W e a th e r T o o l
30°
40 35
40 km/ h
3 main strategies to control the Comfort zone:
315°
30
45°
25 20
30 km/ h
15 300°
S e p te m b e r
O c to b e r
N ov ember
D ec ember
Barcelona have a very stable Weather, however to control and maintain the Comfort zone, it is important to control 2 things: Solar Heating Natural Ventilation Generally, in Barcelona has North wind, with an average speed of 18 km / h both in winter and summer. The biggest change occurs Direction in the months of May, June, July and August (coinciding with the summer season, hot season), taking a direction you want West - South, with speeds that reach even the 25 km / h with a frequency of about 45 hrs usually produced monthly in the evenings. The main objective is to work with the Wind as a Natural Ventilation system, so that the block / building can be protected from the northen cold wind in Winter and can be ventilated in Summer, to avoid the usage of mecanical ventilation system as Air Conditioners.
Thermal Mass effects Pasive Solar Heating Natural Ventilation
60°
10 5
20 km/ h
<0 285°
75°
10 km/ h
W EST
E AS T
255°
105°
240°
120°
225°
135°
210°
150°
195°
165° S OUT H
2_ urban / spatial environmental analysis Sustainable Block? a_ cerda plan from a equitable, racionalist an open plan to a closed and speculative block.
b_ poble nou _ 22@ industrial to integrated and sustainable blocks
d_ sustainable urban conditions concepts _ interior public space
urban regeneration also brings problems if it doesn´t have a strategy
_ block openings
113,3 x 113,3 mts
c_ learning from the gothic
_ sun orientation
urban invitation, continuty, integration
_ dynamism with the wind
B_ PROPOSAL 1_ form / metabolic system wind analysis
grid/ form finding _underground floor diagram
_triangulating the nods
_defining each node as a center
summer
vertical circulation & access parking plots
_openings and reacomodate
vertical circulation & access internal circulation daylight ventilation _venitlation system organization
_ventilation/ lightning system
winter
7-8 m 20 - 25 m
air flow openings
ventilation openings
3-4 m
air flow daylight the wind flow and the daylight have the same behaviour
O ptimum O rie nta tion Location: BAR CE LONA, E S P
345°
Orientation based on average daily incident radiation on a vertical surface. Underheated S tress: 737.9 Overheated S tress: 20.9 Compromise: 172.5°
N
15°
kW h/ m² 330°
2.70
Best 30° W orst
© W e a th e r T o o l
2.40 315°
45° 2.10
daylight
1.80 300°
60°
1.50 1.20 0.90
285°
75°
tight corner volume cold winter winds
0.60 82.5°
0.30
270°
90°
255°
105°
240°
135°
210°
summer
150° 195°
Compromise: 172.5° 165° 180°
Annual Average Underheated P eriod Overheated P eriod
daylight
air flow openings summer winds
_ interior ventilation & sunlight strategy
winter
cooling air opening/ daylight
120°
225°
Avg. Daily R adiation at 172.0° E ntire Year: 1.53 kW h/ m² Underheated: 2.03 kW h/ m² Overheated: 1.19 kW h/ m²
cooling air opening/ daylight
_facade as a skin air flow radiosity vegetation
2_ program distribution
OFFICES
HOUSING first floor comercial
GREEN HOUSE/ MARKET
EQUIPMENT university research center
SOCIAL EQUIPMENT social center city council office
PERCENTAGES 11.203,25 m2
2,2 m2 _ general activities
24.647,15 m2
0,5 m2 _ 7@ activities
5.601,65 m2
0,3 m2 _ public housing
3.361,00 m2
0,2 m2 _ public services
2.240,60 m2
3,3 m2 _ TOTAL
35.850,45 m2
(productive activities related to “media”)
(information and knwoledge)
7.842 m2 3.361,85 m2
(parking, technical services, city council)
70% general activities 10%green area 10% housing 10% 7@ activities
3_ energetic resources strategy a_ from design Thermal mass increase. Increase the surfacevexposed to the optimal orientation (ECOTECT). Natural ventilation system. Constant interior/ exterior relationship.
b_ from technology ELECTRICITY. Helix wind: in the north facade. x10 x 3.632 kW/y Geothermal. Solar panels: in the roofs exposed to radiation. Piezo electricity: in access and dense circulation areas. Solar trees: for public/ outdor ilumination.
72.640 kW/y
COOLING & HEATING. Geothermal calefaction with heating bomb in vertical configuration. PROCESS. Grey water recycling.
c_ from production/ vegetation Vertical and horizontal farming. Rain water caption.
d_ activities balance production
commerce
agriculture
housing
consumption
production production
work work
officers officers
housing externals
consumption consumption
production production
education education
students students
housing external
consumption consumption
result
action
who?
where?
result
C_ DIAGRAMS
double garden facade
roof farming
spray irrigation
water loos /rain collection
1_ summer
longitudinal section
neutral plane
neutral plane
air flow ventilation
havy preasure (cold air) in the bottom/ light pressure in the top (hot air)
havy preasure (cold air) in the bottom/ light pressure in the top (hot air)
2_ winter
double garden facade
roof farming
green house/ market
solar panels
cross section
neutral plane
air flow ventilation
air flow ventilation
the winf flows in a slow rate. it gets cooler and enter in to the building
havy preasure (cold air) in the bottom/ light pressure in the top (hot air)