ENVI RONM ENTAL BUI LDI NG SYSTEM S ASSI GNM ENT 1 TetWeyCHEN 828678 2017,Semes t er2
WI NTERWI ND
WI NTERSOLSTI CE
SUMMERSOLSTI CE
SUMMERWI ND
ROOF STRUCTURE: DOOR
D1
D2
D1
870 x 2100
D2
1320 x 2100
D3
2000 x 2100
GARDEN AREA
W1
D3
Wooden door with composite fixed window DG argon fill high solar gain low-E - clear Composite sliding door DG argon fill high solar gain low-E - clear
WINDOW SIZE (W X H)
DECK W1
W1
Wooden internal door
D3
2 DOOR SCHEDULE 01
PERGOLA & DECIDUOUS CLIMBERS
SPECIFICATION
SIZE (W X H)
W2
W3
W1
1000 X 1000
W2
600 X 2100
W3
2000 X 500
W4
500 X 500
Composite casement window DG argon fill high solar gain low-E - clear Composite fixed window DG argon fill high solar gain low-E - clear Composite awning window DG argon fill high solar gain low-E - clear (clerestory) Composite awning window DG argon filled high solar gain low-E - clear
W4
W1
KITCHEN/DINING
W2
2 WINDOW SCHEDULE 02
SECTION
SB
W3
W3
W3
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
W3
SPI
W2
Roof Frame
Laminated Veneer Lumber
Used for primary structure of roof frame
Roof Sarking
Bradford Enviroseal ProctoWrap
Vapour permeable
Insulation
R6.0 Pink Batts Thermal Glasswool 250mm
Non-combustible, low allergen and easily transportable
PCD D1
BATH
BED 2 W1
W/C D1
LAUNDRY ENSUITE BED 1
D1
D1
BED 3
D2
Weather stripping are to be installed to all openings such as doors and windows. Light fittings, exhaust fans and vents are to be weather sealed to help provide favorable indoor temperature within the house in the winter. Smaller acessories like power point plug or self closing damper for exhaust fans can be employed.
Material Source: https://www.bradfordinsulation.com.au/home-insulation/roof-sarking/enviroseal-proctorwrap-sarking https://www.pricewiseinsulation.com.au/product/pink-batts-thermal-glasswool-ceiling-insulation/
2 ROOF STRUCTURE 03
2 BUILDING SEALING 04
Rebated weatherboard cladding 10mm External membrane R2.7 Pink Soundbreak 90mm
W1
Timber stud 90mm
W1
Inside
Outside
GARDEN AREA
W4
WATER FEATURE
HWS
W4
COMMENTS
STUDENT NAME: TETWEY CHEN STUDENT NUMBER: 828678
ENVIRONMENTAL BUILDING SYSTEM ABPL 20036 ASSIGNMENT 1
Timber floorboard
Unventilated air gap 30 mm
Flashing
Material Source: http://insulation.com.au/product/pink-soundbreak/ http://www.knaufinsulation.com.au/content/climafoam-extruded-polystyrene-xps#tab_2
COCKATOO HOUSE
R1.0 slab edge insulation will be used to minimise heat loss and reduces the risk of termites entering through the slab. R2.7 (XPS) Extruded Polystyrene Insulation is used underslab. Its high compressive strength and good thermal performance makes it ideal for our slab construction. The internal flooring is finished with either solid timber floorboards throughout or tiles for wet areas.
VEGETATION BRICKWORK TIMBER FLOORBOARD
R2.7 Extruded Polystyrene Insulation
10mm Gypsum plasterboard
MARCUS STRANG
FLOORING
TIMBER FLOOR
Internal membrane
2 WALL SECTION DETAIL 05
Reversed brick veneer is employed due to the site's location being in the colder climate and its ability to maintain the thermal mass of the building. The outcome will produce a lower than average energy demands for both heating and cooling. The walls consist of R2.7 Pink Soundbreak that not only provides excellent thermal insulation properties, but also greatly reduces sound transfer from external environment into the house or between adjacent rooms. Composite windows frames are used to provide advanced thermal performance to the building. Internal linings are finished with gypsum plasterboard.
CERAMIC TILES
110mm Brickwork
PERMEABLE DRIVEWAY
WALL STRUCTURE:
LEGEND
Inside
LIVING
Outside
EM
SPECIFICATION
A double system skillion roof is proposed to allow indirect light to enter. Clerestory truss system also allows clerestory windows to be installed which aims to improve stack ventilation within the living and kitchen areas. Terracotta tiles are used for roof tiles due to it ability for better insulation as opposed to the common colorbond. Bradford Enviroseal ProctorWrap Roof Sarking allows water vapour to escape through it, but prevents liquid water from entering the roof space and safely drains away to the gutter, ideal for colder climate areas. R6.0 Pink Batts Thermal Glasswool insulation will be used to prevent heat from escaping through the roof. Finally, the ceiling is finished with 10mm of plasterboard.
INSULATION PLASTERBOARD CONCRETE
Concrete slab
EARTH
R1.0 Edge Slab Insulation
DOOR LABEL
Dx
WINDOW LABEL
Wx
2 FLOOR SECTION DETAIL 06
DATE: 05 AUG 2017
SCALE 1:100 @ A3
N
2.
MATERIAL & CONSTRUCTION
PASSIVE DESIGN:
Summer Winter
Summer Winter
GARDEN AREA
PERGOLA & DECIDUOUS CLIMBERS
W1
D3
W1
DECK
Cross ventilation is commonly used to force air through the building due the pressure difference between the openings. Thus providing the sensation of air flow through the internal space. As doors and fenestrations are opened, prevailing winds coming from the south breezes through the internal space. This enables cross ventilation to occur which enhances air movement and forcing it through the building. Stack ventilation is another alternative, this is where the clerestory windows comes into play. As hot air rises and escapes through the higher level outlets, cool breeze that enters from the south can quickly reduce temperature differential.
LIVING
SB
W3
W3
W3
W3
SPI
W2
PCD
3 AIR VENTILATION 02 D1
BATH
BED 2
Image Source: http://www.theblindco.com/roller/Obscura_48mm.jpg
W/C D1
W4
LAUNDRY ENSUITE BED 1
D1
D1
BED 3
D2
WATER FEATURE
W4
W1
GARDEN AREA
AIR VENTILATION:
W2
EM
HWS
3 PASSIVE SOLAR DESIGN 01
W1
KITCHEN/DINING
Passive design strategy was intended from the beginning as requested by the client as he aims to reduce the need for excess mechanical heating and cooling system. The project began with the orientation of the living, kitchen and dining area facing the north side. With the help of eaves and pergolas, it is able to utilize the winter sun to heat up the interior space. Careful selection of materials enables thermal mass to moderate the internal temperature by averaging out diurnal extremes. This ultimately reduces energy costs and improves comfort levels.
The double system skillion roof makes use of the natural lighting. Although the summer sun is preventing direct sunlight into the space, it keeps the internal spaces well-lit throughout the season. As proposed, it takes full advantage of the winter sun for internal heat gain and warmth. The materials of roof, wall and floor supplements the high thermal mass to provide much needed comfort and reduces the need for heating.
3 SHADING (EAVES) 03
Views and daylight levels throughout the building can easily be manipulated using roller blinds. It can also help control the amount of sun penetrated into the eastern or western elevation of the house. 3 SHADING (ROLLER BLINDS) 04
Pergola is attached to the back of the house with deciduous climbers as requested by the client. The climbers work well with the angled lourvers which allows sunlight to penetrate into the interior as leaves fall during winter, contributing Deck to the passive solar design.
W1
W1
PERMEABLE DRIVEWAY
Eaves throughout the house works to reduce solar penetration in the summer. Openings are kept to the minimal on the south as it does not receive much sunlight. Whereas the openings are more favourabe on the north for higher solar heat gain in winter.
The proposed double system skillion roof introduces clerestory windows into the equation, which enabled stack ventilation into the space. This alternate strategy relies on the increased buoyancy of hot air which flows through the clerestory windows, drawing in cool air from other areas of the house. This can be beneficial to times where there is no breeze, convention allows heat to leave the building via clerestory windows.
NATURAL VENTILATION STRATEGIES: The vegetation surrounding the house as well as the pergola with deciduous climbers works together to draw in natural ventilation. Despite it facing the north sun, it allows the hot air to pre-cool before entering into the threshold. The water feature located at the south-east side of the house enables evaporative cooling to occur, which creates convective breeze entering into the house.
LEGEND
Summer
ROLLER BLIND
Winter
VENTILATION AIRFLOW
SUMMER SUN
Pergola
WINTER SUN THERMAL MASS
Interior
Image Source: http://www.yourhome.gov.au/passive-design/shading
3 SHADING (PERGOLA & DECIDUOUS CLIMBERS) 05
STUDENT NAME: TETWEY CHEN STUDENT NUMBER: 828678
ENVIRONMENTAL BUILDING SYSTEM ABPL 20036 ASSIGNMENT 1
MARCUS STRANG
COCKATOO HOUSE
DATE: 09 AUG 2017
SCALE 1:100 @ A3
N
3.
PASSIVE THERMAL
AREA
PRODUCT
140°
15
880
Kitchen/ Bath/ Ensuite/ Toilet/ Laundry
Hillstone LED Panel Light Recessed cool white
140°
15
930
360°
2.6
325
180°
2.6
350
GARDEN AREA
W1
D3
W1
W1
KITCHEN/DINING
4 LIGHTING SCHEME 01
ZONE
TOTAL FLOOR AREA (M2)
PRODUCT
QUANTITY
TOTAL WATTAGE
ENERGY CONSUPTION PER M2 (W/M2)
Indoor
92.68
Hillstone LED Panel Light Recessed warm white
17
255
-
Hillstone LED Panel Light Recessed cool white
8
120
-
25
375
4.05
2
Indoor W3
92.68
Two rows of adjustable PV panels are placed on the north facing skillion roof. Client is willing to put in a bit of money for the rows of PV panels to be adjustable to accommodate for seasonal changes of the sun direction. He believes that this can optimise the power generated from the sun all year round instead of the typical 30° tilt. A total of 18 PV panels can generate approximately 5kW of electricity. This is paired with a Tesla Powerwall to reduce energy bills in the long-run by storing excess energy instead of sending back into the electric grid. It is extremely efficient that surplus of energy gets stored into the Powerwall on daytime and draw electricity from storage at night, maintaining a balance from the electricity production and usage over the course of the day.
W3
4 LIGHTING CALCULATION 02
W2 2
D1
BATH
2
BED 2 W1
W/C D1
W4
LAUNDRY
2
2
NTD
2
ENSUITE 2
BED 1
D1
BED 3 2
D1
2
D2
WATER FEATURE
W4
Summer
Winter
NBN Source: http://www.jbtech.com.au/nbn/
4 INTERNET CONNECTION SETUP 03
LEGEND
4 SOLAR PANELS SETUP (ADJUSTABLE) 04
ELECTRIC METER
W1
SOLAR BATTERY
EM connected to electrical pole. Refer to A01
2
SOLAR POWER INVERTER W1
PCD connected to telecom pit. Refer to A01
PERMEABLE DRIVEWAY
1. Solar panels covert sunlight into DC 2a. Inverter converts DC into AC which will be used in household 2b. Interface either sends DC electrical energy to Tesla's Powerwall for storage, or Sends DC to the inverter for household use when necessary 3. DC electrical energy stored in Powerwall until required 4 TESLA POWERWALL SYSTEM 05
STUDENT NAME: TETWEY CHEN STUDENT NUMBER: 828678
The client wanted every room to be well-lit at night while saving electricity cost. LED panel lights are ideal and will be used throughout the interior of the house as it tends to use much lesser energy compared to traditional incandescent and halogen lights. Besides consuming less power, it is designed to last much longer, accumulating into a much larger saving in the long-run in terms of maintenance and electricity bill. It is also far safer with its low operating temperature which greatly reduces the risk of fire. LED panel lights are used here as they have a wider field angle compared to a downlight, offering a full light coverage in a room. The technology of LED lights enable us to select the colour of light we like. Warm white LED panel lights will be fitted in areas such as living area, bedrooms which gives a more calm and relaxing light. Whereas cool white LED panel light will be fitted in areas where specific tasks needs to be performed for instance in a kitchen or perhaps in areas that provide safety and functionality like bathroom, toilet and laundry. Lastly, solar powered deck and wall lights are installed outdoors.
PHOTOVOLTAIC PANEL SYSTEM:
2
2
W3
PCD HWS
-
2
LIVING W3
SPI
GARDEN AREA
Lighting Source: http://www.hillstoneled.com.au/_files/brochures/catalogue-2014-2015.pdf http://solarlightingdirect.com.au/shopexd.asp?id=41&bc=no http://solarlightingdirect.com.au/shopexd.asp?id=16&bc=no
LIGHTING:
W2
EM SB
Modern Garden LED Bollard Light built in solar panel & motion sensor arm white Modern Garden LED Wall Light built in solar panel & motion sensor warm white
2
2
2
LUMEN (LM)
Hillstone LED Panel Light Recessed warm white
Outdoor Wall Light
DECK
WATTS (W)
Bed/ Living/ Dining/ Entryway
Outdoor Deck Light
PERGOLA & DECIDUOUS CLIMBERS
FIELD ANGLE
ENVIRONMENTAL BUILDING SYSTEM ABPL 20036 ASSIGNMENT 1
MARCUS STRANG
COCKATOO HOUSE
DC
AC
SPI
Switchboard
AC
To household electrical appliances
NTW TERMINATION DEV. TELECOM LINE EXHAUST
SWITCHBOARD
FIRE/SMOKE ALARM
LED CEILING LIGHT CEILING FAN
LED CABINET LIGHT SOLAR WALL LIGHT SINGLE POWER POINT
SB
TESLA
PREMISES CONN. DEV.
ELECTRICITY CABEL
SOLAR LED DECK LIGHT
2a
Interface 2b
1
EM SB SPI
DOUBLE POWER POINT
2
WATERPROOF DOUBLE PP.
2
SINGLE SWITCH
3
MULTIPLE SWITCH
Tesla Powerwall Source: http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-02-02/ tesla-powerwall-what-it-means-for-australias-energy/7130392
DATE: 15 AUG 2017
SCALE 1:100 @ A3
N
4.
ELECTRICAL & TELECOM
PCD NTD
GARDEN AREA
PERGOLA & UNDERDECK DECIDOUS CLIMBERS RAINWATER TANK
W1
D3
W1
DECK
25° Skillion roof
Front
Fall
5 RAINWATER COLLECTION SYSTEM 01
W1
KITCHEN/DINING
Fall
Back
Rainwater tank
With the structure of a skillion roof, the rainwater collects mainly on two sides of the roof. Hence, the placement of downpipes are positioned only on the north and south side, spaced 5m apart for maximum efficiency for rainwater collection.
A Melro 4000L underdeck rainwater system will be installed under the deck at the back of the house. The intention was to hide the large rainwater tank from sight, it allows a much larger capacity to store rainwater underdeck which will be enough to accomodate the whole family. Hiding it under the deck also keeps the rainwater tank cool from the sun in the summer.
Gutter
W2
Debris collector
EM
LIVING
SB
W3
W3
W3
W3
SPI
W2
PCD W4
To garden drip irrigation system
BED 2
Pump W1
W/C D1
GARDEN AREA
W4
LAUNDRY ENSUITE BED 1
D1
D1
To selected household water system
BED 3
D2
Rainwater Tank Source: http://www.gstore.com.au/water-tanks/underdeck-tanks/melro-4000-litre-underdeck-tank.html
Electrical energy
2 Compressor
Hot water outlet Condenser Thermal Energy
W1
3
1
Water pipes connected to water meter from water mains. Refer to A01 Gas pipe connected to gas meter from gas mains. GM Refer to A01
STUDENT NAME: TETWEY CHEN STUDENT NUMBER: 828678
Heating Energy
Evaporator Cold water inlet
PERMEABLE DRIVEWAY
M
SEP
4 Expansion valve
Location of GM, M & SEP for illustration purposes only. Refer to A01
ENVIRONMENTAL BUILDING SYSTEM ABPL 20036 ASSIGNMENT 1
5 HOT WATER HEAT PUMP SYSTEM 03
MARCUS STRANG
COCKATOO HOUSE
A Melro 4000L underdeck rainwater system will be able to collect adequate rainwater for the family. A wet system will be employed as the underdeck rainwater tank is placed far away from the front gutters. Wet system is used as the client wants minimal pipe visible to the eye, he is fully aware that standing water may occur, which could lead to contamination from insects and bacteria if there is not enough water. To overcome this, we proposed for an in-ground diverter to be fitted to separate clean water from contamination. A filter alongside a water pump will be installed under the deck right beside the rainwater tank to provide pressure required to distribute the water throughout the whole house. The tank is also connected to the water meter in case of a drought or a shortage of rainwater. When the tank gets filled up with rainwater, overflow of rainwater will be diverted to away from the tank and to the side entry pit and towards the legal point of discharge.
HOT WATER HEAT PUMP: An air-sourced heat pump will be utilised to extract energy from the environment to heat its water. Client specified that he does not want solar panels on the roof to generate hot water as he will be utilising the north facing roof area for PV panels instead. In hot water heat pumps, electricity is not used to directly heat the water, but uses it to run the compressor. This water heating technology uses much lesser electricity then for traditional resistive electric system. More importantly electricity can be drawn from the stored energy in Tesla Powerwall collected from the solar panels.
GAS:
5 UNDERDECK RAINWATER TANK 02
W1
Overflow of rainwater in storage gets diverted to SEP and to LPD. Refer to A01
Filter
Melro 4000L underdeck tank
WATER FEATURE
HWS
D1
BATH
RAINWATER:
1. A fan draws thermal energy from the air through an evaporator to a liquid refrigerant, causing it to change into gas. 2. The refrigerant gas is then drawn into a compressor to increase its pressure, the outcome would increase the temperature. 3. A condenser then transports gas refrigerant around the outside of the water tank, which eventually heats up the water inside the tank and the gaseous refrigerant reverts back into a liquid. 4. The pressure of the refrigerant is reduced as it goes through an expansion valve. It returns to the evaporator and the process begins again.
Gas is only connected to the gas powered stove as client wants to minimise the use of non-renewable energy in the house. Gas connection is power flued , which draws air from a room through a fan to push air and combustion producs outside.
LEGEND GAS PIPE
RAINWATER FILTER
WATER PIPE
HOT WATER HEAT PUMP + STORAGE
STORMWATER PIPE HOTWATER PIPE COLDWATER PIPE REUSED RAINWATER PIPE LEGAL POINT DISCHARGE SIDE ENTRY PIT WATER METER
LPD SEP M
GAS METER
GM
GAS FLUE RAINWATER DOWNPIPE PUMP
Heat Pumps Source: http://www.yourhome.gov.au/energy/hot-water-service
DATE: 18 AUG 2017
SCALE 1:100 @ A3
N
5.
WATER & GAS SUPPLY
HWS
SEWER CONNECTIONS:
S
Blackwater from toilets and kitchen sink are connected to the sewerage system as they contain waste matter and toxic chemicals, thus needs to be carried off by sewer pipe and to the sewer pit. No right angles are allowed in the pipes as it may disrupt the flow of waste matter. Fall of sewer pipe should be even and installed at a slope ratio of 2:100 for ease of flow by gravity. To avoid sewer pipes breaking, it is critical that the pipes are installed with a minimal distance from the footings so that no pressure is exerted on the pipes. Sewer pipes are ventilated through the sewer vent, which equalises the air pressure as air gets drawin into the piping system. It also allows the odour to escape throught the vent. It is important that the location of the sewer vent is placed at the higest point of the sewer pipes, which in this case it extends through the roof so the vent pipes will be kept dry and avoids unpleasant smell from re-entering the house.
45
°
Actual location of sewer pit. Refer to A01
Sewer pipes installed at 45° for discharge efficiency
45
°
Stormwater pipe connected to underdeck rainwater tank. Refer to A05
DECK
To water feature
Overflow of greywater to SEP
To outdoor hose bibb
45
W1
D3
W1
Greywater system & tank with built-in pump with disinfection
Bathroom sinks
°
GARDEN AREA
PERGOLA & DECIDUOUS CLIMBERS
To garden drip irrigation system
W1
KITCHEN/DINING
SEP
W2
GREYWATER SYSTEM:
Showers/ Bath
Greywater from bathroom sinks, showers, bath and laundry are connencted to the grey water system. The greywater treatment comprises a disinfection system that enables the user to reuse greywater for domestic outdoor use such as garden drip irrigation system, hose bibb and water feature. Greywater provides regular supply of water as it is produced everyday. Therefore, it is efficient that greywater can be treated properly for watering surrounding vegetations using garden drip irrigation and an outdoor hose bibb. This can ultimately reduce water bills in the long-run. Overflow of treated greywater will be diverted to the side entry pit.
Laundry
°
6 GREYWATER SYSTEM (DISINFECTION) 01
45
EM SB
W3
LIVING
W3
W3
W3
SPI
W2
PCD D1
BED 2
° W1
W/C D1
GARDEN AREA
W4
LAUNDRY
X ENSUITE
BED 1
D1
D1
BED 3
D2
WATER FEATURE
BATH
45
HWS
W4
Sewage vent extends through roof to avoid unpleasant smells entering the house and keeps water away from vent pipe
LEGEND TREATMENT SYSTEM
W1
GARDEN AREA WATER FEATURE GREYWATER (NON-TREATED)
W1
GREYWATER (TREATED) SEWER PIPE STORMWATER PIPE SIDE ENTRY PIT
PERMEABLE DRIVEWAY
Overflow of rainwater gets diverted to SEP and to LPD. Refer to A01 Overflow of treated greywater gets diverted to SEP and to LPD. Refer to A01 SEP
STUDENT NAME: TETWEY CHEN STUDENT NUMBER: 828678
SEP
SEWER VENT
X
SEWER PIT
S
OUTDOOR HOSE BIBB
Location of SEP for illustration purposes only. Refer to A01
ENVIRONMENTAL BUILDING SYSTEM ABPL 20036 ASSIGNMENT 1
MARCUS STRANG
COCKATOO HOUSE
DATE: 20 AUG 2017
SCALE 1:100 @ A3
N
6.
WATER RECYCLING & DRAINAGE
HYDRONIC IN-SLAB HEATING: Hot water heat pump. Refer to A05
Client has specifically informed us that his daughter has asthma and does not want a central heating system to be integrated. Hydronic heating systems quickly became our first option for the house heating system due to its complete absence of airborne particles and allergen free form of heating.
Hydronic panel heating
HWS
Manifold Circulator pump Hydronic in-slab heating
DECK
Inside
GARDEN AREA
PERGOLA & DECIDUOUS CLIMBERS
Outside
7 HYDRONIC HEATING SYSTEM DIAGRAM 01
Timber floorboard Concrete slab Hydronic in-slab coil Steel reinforcing R1.0 Edge Slab Insulation
W1
D3
W1
W1
KITCHEN/DINING
R2.7 Extruded Polystyrene Insulation
W2
Hydronic systems are heated by a single hot water heat pump. It heats the water that circulates throughout the building and into the hydronic panels and in-slab coil. A desired temperature can be controlled with a thermostat located in each individual zones of the house. Zoned hydronic systems is extremely beneficial in situations where unoccupied rooms can be kept unheated. This reduces overall heat loss in the house.
Source: http://www.devexsystems.com.au/article/ hydronic-floor-heating-a-basic-design-guide-by-devex-systems
EM SB
W3
SPI
W3
W3
W3 W2
Manifold
PCD D1
BATH
BED 2
Less dense hot air rises W1
W/C D1
GARDEN AREA
W4
LAUNDRY ENSUITE BED 1
D1
D1
BED 3
D2
WATER FEATURE
HWS
W4
Hot water in
Cool water return
7 HYDRONIC PANEL HEATING 03
It is important that the building is properly sealed so that generated heat do not simply go to waste by leaking through poorly sealed openings and even light fittings or exhaust fans.
Dense cool air sinks
7 NATURAL HEAT CONVECTION 04
LEGEND THERMOSTAT
W1
HYDRONIC PANEL HOTWATER PIPE W1
PERMEABLE DRIVEWAY
COLDWATER PIPE
The direction in which the ceiling fan rotates can change its function. In winter, it should be rotated clockwise and at a low speed. This redistributes warm air in the room by gentle updraft, making the room feel warmer. For this to work, the fan needs to be be able to adjust its rotational direction.
HYDRONIC IN-SLAB COIL (H) HYDRONIC IN-SLAB COIL (C) BRICKWORK TIMBER FLOORBOARD INSULATION PLASTERBOARD CONCRETE EARTH CIRCULATOR PUMP
7 FAN CLOCKWISE 05
STUDENT NAME: TETWEY CHEN STUDENT NUMBER: 828678
HYDRONIC PANEL HEATING: Hydronic panels are installed in all the bedrooms and one beside the kitchen island. They are joined in parallel to one another, giving each zone individual control over the temperature. Selective zone heating greatly reduces waste of energy. Hydronic panels make full use of convection in its operation. It increase the efficiency of the heat energy conversion by creating convection, where cold air is drawn through the bottom of the panels, heating it in the process.
7 HYDRONIC IN-SLAB HEATING & THERMAL MASS 02
LIVING
Hydronic in-slab heating will only be used in the living/ dining area because it will be regularly used by occupants. it is extremely efficient as water circulates the coil and returnes to the hot water heat pump to be reheated, the cycle goes on. Hydronic in-slab heating can be considered discreet as it provides a silent radiated and convected heat through the floor slab and into the rooms. This can help reduce air temperature stratification, and thus reduce heat loss through ceilings. Heating the slab directly contributes toward passive heating. Since the walls and floors have relatively good thermal mass from the materials integrated in them, both passive and active heating complements each other in delivering excellent thermal comfort to the client in cold days.
ENVIRONMENTAL BUILDING SYSTEM ABPL 20036 ASSIGNMENT 1
MARCUS STRANG
COCKATOO HOUSE
HOT WATER HEAT PUMP + STORAGE
DATE: 24 AUG 2017
SCALE 1:100 @ A3
N
HWS
7.
HEATING
900mm
1200mm
BLADE SPAN (MM) 1200 900
CEILING FAN:
AREA Living & Dining Bedrooms 1, 2 & 3
8 CEILING FANS 01
GARDEN AREA
PERGOLA & DECIDUOUSOUS CLIMBERS
W1
D3
W1
DECK
8 FAN COUNTERCLOCKWISE 02
W1
KITCHEN/DINING
W2
EM
Ceiling fans should be rotated counterclockwise in summer. This pushes air down into the room. Ceiling fans only creates a wind chill sensation on our skin, making the room feel cooler without the need to change room temperature or any other mechanical cooling systems. It is considered a more economical system than air conditioning.
Summer winds coming from the south is able to breeze through the internal space as openings at the south side of the house open. It encourages air movement by forcing still sir through the building.
LIVING
SB
W3
W3
W3
W3
SPI
W2
PCD D1
BATH
W1
W/C D1
GARDEN AREA
W4
LAUNDRY ENSUITE BED 1
Introducing ceiling fans in the living area is able to work with stack ventilation to speed up the cooling process.
BED 2
D1
D1
BED 3
D2
WATER FEATURE
HWS
W4
8 AIR VENTILATION 03
The house is utilising passive design principles to cool itself. Surrounded by rich natural cooling agents, it makes use of the garden, vegetation and water feature for its evaporative cooling to pre-cool the hot air prior to entering the house. Eaves, roller blind and pergola with deciduous climbers at the back also prevented radiant heat from entering the house. Refer to A03 for more about passive thermal.
W1
W1
EM connected to electrical pole. Refer to A01 & A04 for more detail on electrical setup
PERMEABLE DRIVEWAY
Garden & vegetation
When comparing fans with any other mechanical cooling systems, it can be considered one of the most cost-effective cooling method. It simply and effectively circulates the air in a room to create a draft throughout the room. However, it does not cool the room, this cooling effect is only felt by occupants. Two large blade ceiling fans will be installed in the living and dining area and a slightly smaller blade ceiling fan is installed on each bedroom. It is important to be aware of the location the fan is being placed to avoid strobing effect. This occurs as a fan is installed too closely to the ambient light. A minimal of 600mm between the light and edge of blade needs to be ensured to eliminate the interference.
PASSIVE COOLING: The proposed passive cooling strategies around the house enables the house to be cooled naturally. Openings placed on the north and south side easily lets in prevailing winds to cool the space through cross ventilation and stack ventilation. If the client feels that natural ventilation was not sufficient, ceiling fans can be turned on to enhance air circulation in the house. The house also proposed several other shading mechanisms that can help reduce radiant heat from the sun to reach into the interiors. Eaves around the house and the playful clerestory roof prevents direct sunlight from penetrating into the space while allowing indirect light to enter. Roller blinds are installed in all casement and fixed windows for greater privacy and further screening. Double glazed windows also offer assistance to passive cooling which reduces heat transfer across the building envelope. Lastly, leaves of deciduous climbers grow back in summer, adding an extra layer on the pergola at the back. Surrounding vegetation and water feature will ultimately cool the house with natural evaporative cooling.
LEGEND ROLLER BLIND
EM
ELECTRIC METER ELECTRICITY CABLE SWITCHBOARD MULTIPLE SWITCH VENTILATION AIRFLOW CEILING FAN
Water feature
8 PASSIVE SURROUND COOLING 04
STUDENT NAME: TETWEY CHEN STUDENT NUMBER: 828678
ENVIRONMENTAL BUILDING SYSTEM ABPL 20036 ASSIGNMENT 1
MARCUS STRANG
COCKATOO HOUSE
DATE: 26 AUG 2017
SCALE 1:100 @ A3
N
8.
COOLING
Deck
Interior
To garden drip irrigation system
To selected household water system Pump Melro 4000L underdeck tank
GARDEN AREA
PERGOLA & DECIDUOUSOUS CLIMBERS
DECK
Australia is considered the world's driest continent. It occurs when there is an extensive period of time without rain, which causes a situation where regular water needs of its people cannot be met. This situation can be frustrating as supplies of water are extremely scarce. Despite the 4000L rainwater storage, it can easily be
Filter
used up if the occupants do not properly manage their supply of leftover rainwater. They will need to rationalise the use of water in the house for them to last a longer period. A good starting point will be cutting the garden drip irrigation system from rainwater tank. Then, occupants can consider flushing toilets using
9 DROUGHT 01
AC
Switchboard
W1
KITCHEN/DINING
Interface
SB
LIVING
SB
W3
W3
TESLA
W3
W3
SPI
W2
PCD W4
BATH
BED 2 W1
W/C D1
GARDEN AREA
W4
LAUNDRY ENSUITE BED 1
D1
D1
BED 3
D2
WATER FEATURE
HWS
D1
To household electrical appliances
SPI
W2
EM
AC
Power outages can occur at any time. As the house encounters a such scenario, the house will firstly experience a blackout. Although the house is equipped with solar panels and a solar battery, the occupants will be prevented 9 POWER OUTAGE 02
from using their solar power systems due to safety reasons. This ensures that people who are repairing the power infrastructure do not get electrocuted in the process. This shows that even though the Tesla Powerwall is able to store electricity by solar panels for use during night time, it does not fully function in blackouts.
supplies electricity in an event of power outage and safe to use. However, power in the solar battery will eventually run out. The client can look at investing in a blackout generator that is mobile and able to keep lights running or avoid food spoilage in fridges.
To deal with this sort of situation, client may have to explore a more advanced hardware that Image Source: http://www.generatorplace.com.au/choosing-a-generator/power-failure-home-use.html http://gizmodo.com/how-to-light-your-house-during-a-blackout-without-buyi-992874886?IR=T
Summer
Summer
with ceiling fans integrated with passive cooling from stack and cross ventilation. The client may seek for external cooling utilities such as a portable evaporative cooler which is more flexible and it does not limit to only one zone in the house.
W1
DISASTER SCENARIO: Designing a resilient house is increasingly important, especially in Australia. In an event of natural disaster, households need to be able to maintain livable conditions. The following scenarios were given to assess the final design of our house: 1. 2. 3.
DROUGHT POWER OUTAGE HEATWAVE
HOUSE PERFORMANCE:
Image Source: https://digitalrainsprinklerservice.wordpress.com/tag/rain-barrel/
DC
W1
D3
W1
treated greywater supply. Since the greywater system has disinfection properties, it is safer to be reused for nondrinking purposes. Other precaution methods the client can implement is storing extra rainwater barrels instead of letting it overflow to the SEP.
In a drought, the house will be able to perform well but for a limited period of time. This is due to the capacity of rainwater tank. Rationalising rainwater usage and treated greywater supply may extend the duration of its use. Until the water supply has been used up, the client may have to begin emergency water conservation measures and only consume water for essential purposes. When the house faces a power cut, solar panels and battery may not function as intended because it is not blackout insured. Client will need to acquire external power generators to run and prioritise electrical appliances. In extended period of power outage, occupants will need to rely on several light sources during evening and night time. Battery powered light source such as the Coleman 4D XPS can be handy as it can last for more than a day in use. In a heatwave, the house is able to manage the heat to a certain degree. The client may choose to keep the openings shut in the afternoon to keep heat and hot air out. Double glazed argon filled windows and other mechanical cooling system will be utilised temporarily. As the temperature drops in the evening, it best to open the fenestrations including the clerestory windows to allow night-time cross and stack ventilation to occur, eliminating the heat collected throughout the day.
LEGEND HOT AIRFLOW COOL AIRFLOW SUMMER SUN
W1
PERMEABLE DRIVEWAY
Heatwaves in Australia can occur in the summer quite often, it's a matter of the magnitude of heat and the duration of it. The house is implemented with double glazed argon filled
windows which act as a secondary barrier to reduce heat transfer. Overheating thermal mass will be prevented from the building's eaves. However, this may not be sufficient even
9 HEATWAVE 03
STUDENT NAME: TETWEY CHEN STUDENT NUMBER: 828678
ENVIRONMENTAL BUILDING SYSTEM ABPL 20036 ASSIGNMENT 1
MARCUS STRANG
Image Source: http://www.yourhome.gov.au/energy/heating-and-cooling
COCKATOO HOUSE
DATE: 27 AUG 2017
SCALE 1:100 @ A3
N
9.
DESIGN FOR RESILENCE
New Home 21 Melbourn RO
Reverse Brick Veneer
2.7
114.3
Suburban
Internal Plasterboard Stud Wall
2.7
97.9
Michael Schumacher Tet Wey Chen 27 Aug 2017 2.7
SuspSlab
encl
92.7
36.7 33.0 3.7
6.0
Vent: Attic - Vented
122.5
80.1 12.6
Composite A DG Argon Fill High Solar Gain low-E -Clear
3.20
0.46
13.98
0.0
36.3
14.9
540.0
8.3
301.9
Same as Kitchen
-
-
-
-
10.6
77.4
822.3
0.0
0.0
11.1
33.6
374.2
0.0
0.0
13.6
69.6
947.1
0.0
0.0
1.5
-
-
-
-
3.0
-
-
-
-
3.4
-
-
-
-
4.7
-
-
-
-
8.4
90.5
757.9
2.3
19.0
STUDENT NAME: TETWEY CHEN STUDENT NUMBER: 828678
ENVIRONMENTAL BUILDING SYSTEM ABPL 20036 ASSIGNMENT 1
MARCUS STRANG
COCKATOO HOUSE
7.3
3.5
2.6
6.0
Vent: Attic - Vented
0.5
122.5
8.6 DATE: 27 AUG 2017
SCALE: N/A
N
10.
FIRST RATE ENERGY ASSESSMENT