TIM ZEITLER Master in Architecture, 2015 Harvard University Graduate School of Design
CONTENTS 1. Make It Till You Make It MArch Thesis Project 2. London Soccer Stadium Options Studio 3. Artificial Ground Core Design Studio
MAKE IT TILL YOU MAKE IT The Graduate School of Design + Building Thesis Advisor: Cameron Wu Date: Spring 2015 Site: East Boston Shipyard, Boston, MA Program: Graduate School + Campus
This thesis project takes shape in the form of a graduate school whose curriculum emphasizes the incorporation of a strong knowledge of building construction into the training of its students. The education of architects in the presence of construction management students and builders in the East Boston Shipyard will serve to produce more resilient practitioners, architects and builders better equipped to flourish after school independently or in professional collaborations with one another.
PRIMARY GOALS OF THE SCHOOL GOAL 1: Cross pollination between architects and builders. GOAL 2: Career discernment in the industry; Partnership formation GOAL 3: Achieving self-sufficiency through an alternate path GOAL 4: Mutually beneficial exchange with mid-career architects and builders GOAL 5: Sabattical for the weary--a fellowship + networking opportunity for mid-career designers GOAL 6: Better buildings through better builders and materials
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Make It Till You Make It: MArch Thesis Project
to Medford/Malden
Chelsea
Charlestown
East Boston
South Boston to North Shore Communities
YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3 BUILD SPACE
LARGER PROJECTS
The school is designed to be a place where design students could learn in the midst of both construction management students and the builders themselves. The building’s design allows for COEXISTENCE of adjacent spaces dedicated to design and building. The curriculum requires COOPERATION from day one as the students work in teams to deliver BUILT PROJECTS of increasing scale and complexity.
SMALL PROJECTS
The school’s location on the East Boston waterfront allows for the delivery of larger built project to destinations in surrounding communities whose built environments are ever-improving
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67.3
85.5
77.4
63.3 60.0
94.9 61.4
91.5
69.3
58.5
61.3
61.8 85.6 85.8
81.1
73.8
63.3
103.8
B&A BROKERS, BOSTON HARBOR DIVE SHOP, MINUTEMAN
61.1
K.O. PIES
BOSTON BOAT WORKS SHIPYARD YOGA 137.5
MARGINAL STREET
71.9
65.4
school admin office
113.0
117.5
lobby/ student gallery
107.1
FILM SCHOOL
HARBOR ARTS
BOSTON PILOTS
3D MED
firm office
113.9
65.7 77.4
firm office
LIGHT INDUSTRIAL + OFFICES
firm office
LIGHT INDUSTRIAL + OFFICES
support space
LIGHT INDUSTRIAL + OFFICES
firm office
EVENT PARKING
lift
student bridge building for craning
109.5
64.3
lift
MEDIUM INDUSTRIAL SPACE
HEAVY INDUSTRIAL SPACE
material storage, material exchange
MEDIUM INDUSTRIAL SPACE
SLIP ROLLS
SHEET METAL STAND
60.8
BAR FOLDER TOOL BENCH
ANVIL SHEET METAL TABLE SOLDERING BENCH
11'-0"
TOOL PANEL
DRILL PRESS
GRINDER
WORK TABLES
TANKS
0'-0"
LATHE
STORAGE WELDING TABLE
MOCKUP TESTING PROJECT STAGING
BACK ROOM
BEDROOM
WC NURSERY ceiling height: 9'9.5" floor area = 158.46 s.f.
closet
DEN CLOSETS
DEN OFFICE
93.5
The school takes advantage of adjacent waterfront buildings and the activities within them. As a renewed manufacturing and light industrial center, the Shipyard symbiotically enriches the school.
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Make It Till You Make It: MArch Thesis Project
Short Sections (through years 1, 2 and 3)
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Long Section (detail)
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Make It Till You Make It: MArch Thesis Project
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MARGINAL STREE
school admin office
firm office
firm office
firm office
firm office
material storage, material exchange
support space
lift
BUILDING SITE
lift
student bridge building for craning
lobby/ student gallery
BOSTON BRIDGE AND STEEL
BOSTON BRIDGE AND STEEL
[OFFICE]
community design center 13'-0"
firm office
[HEAVY INDUSTRIAL]
firm firm firm BOAT WORKS officeBOSTON office office [OFFICE]
materials storage
BOSTON BOAT WORKS [LIGHT INDUSTRIAL] materials gallery
MARGINAL STREET
Ground Level
13'-0"
11'-0"
client meetings
shop classroom B
9'-0"
shop classroom A
c
13'-0"
upper lobby
second y
11'-0"
13'-0"
9'-0" 9'-0"
first year desks (40)
student lounge
changing room
Level Two BOSTON BRIDGE AND STEEL [OFFICE]
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Make It Till You Make It: MArch Thesis Project
BOSTON BRIDGE AND STEEL [HEAVY INDUSTRIAL]
OFFICE
WC
BEDROOM
DEN
closet
floor area = 158.46 s.f.
NURSERY ceiling height: 9'9.5"
BACK ROOM
year OFFICE
WC
BEDROOM
TANKS
WELDING TABLE
GRINDER
SOLDERING BENCH
BAR FOLDER
SLIP ROLLS
DEN
closet
floor area = 158.46 s.f.
NURSERY ceiling height: 9'9.5"
BACK ROOM
LATHE
TOOL PANEL
TOOL BENCH
ANVIL
DRILL PRESS
STORAGE
WORK TABLES
SHEET METAL TABLE
SHEET METAL STAND
11'-0"
0'-0"
DEN CLOSETS
MOCKUP TESTING PROJECT STAGING BUILDING SITE
BUILDING SITE
20'-9"
15'-3"
cafe
cafe- kitchen & support
DEN CLOSETS
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MARGINAL STREE
projection room
materials gallery
[roof gardens] 27'-0"
covered foyer
faculty offices
27'-0"
27'-0"
23'-0"
23'-0"
craftsman in residence (shop)
shop classroom (below)
BUILDING SITE
upper shops
faculty shop faculty lounge
MARGINAL STREET
Level Three BOSTON BRIDGE AND STEEL
BOSTON BRIDGE AND STEEL
[OFFICE]
[HEAVY INDUSTRIAL]
BOSTON BOAT WORKS
BOSTON BOAT WORKS [OFFICE]
[roof gardens]
[LIGHT INDUSTRIAL]
27'-0"
covered foyer 27'-0"
27'-0"
23'-0"
23'-0"
craftsman in residence (shop)
shop classroom (below)
upper shops
faculty shop faculty lounge
Level Four
BOSTON BRIDGE AND STEEL [OFFICE]
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Make It Till You Make It: MArch Thesis Project
BOSTON BRIDGE AND STEEL [HEAVY INDUSTRIAL]
upp classr
third year
20'-9"
CNC
per rooms 24'-9"
20'-9"
20'-9"
13'-0"
BUILDING SITE
BUILDING SITE
MOCKUP TESTING PROJECT STAGING
32'-0"
all function h
30'-0"
catering kitchen
23'-0"
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Make It Till You Make It: MArch Thesis Project
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Make It Till You Make It: MArch Thesis Project
Tim Zeitler 17
REAL AND IMAGINARY VARIABLES LONDON FOOTBALL STADIUM Instructor: George Legendre Date: Spring 2014 Site: A New Development in West London Program: 40,000-Person Football Stadium Collaborators: Zunheng Lai and Weishun Xu
“Exploring the seminal thesis of architecture as a complex interplay of desire and automatic writing. Architecutre, in this view, depends on achieving a practical and theoretical balance between real and imaginary variables: real variables depend on empirical knowledge of a given type, site, and programme; imaginary variables depend on the equally important (though far less intuitive) properties of indexical modeling. The two parts of the equation need one another to fulfill themselves: without the imaginary part, the type withers into predictability and repedition; without the real part, it becomes self-fulfilling and ultimately irrelevant. We will figure out fresh ways in which a formal analytic model (otherwise known as a seed) might correlate to a building type’s functional organization, program and material structure.” -- George Legendre The studio project explored indexical seed models of generic football stadium forms. These models defined equations for parametric relationships between the stadium roof, envelope and bowl, the three primary basic components of any stadium. The seeds originated in the program MathCAD. The indexical threads were exported into Rhino via the plugin Grasshopper. The MathCAD to Rhino via Grasshopper workflow allowed us to iterate quickly, evaluating the benefits of given modulations of the seed forms. The final proving ground was being able to create refined, detailed physical models from this workflow.
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Real and Imaginary Variables: London Football Stadium
_ 2.2.1 Greenpoint Stadium
_ 2.1.1 Compression/Tension Ring
_ 2.2.4 Beijing National Stadium
_ 2.1.4 Cantiliver
_ 2.2.7 Allianz Arena
_ 2.1.7 Goal Post
Categorization of structural systems for chosen precedent football stadia
_ 2.2.10 Wembley Stadium
Zunheng Lai, Weishun Xu, Tim Zeitler 19
_ 2.2.7 Allianz Arena
1
Date: 2002 - 2005 Location: Munich, Germany Architect: Herzog & de Meuron, ArupSport, Structural Engineer: Arup Seats: 69,901
1. Air-filled ETFE pillows provide a weatherproof cladding to the stadium, spiralling continuous from the walls to the roof. 2
2. A secondary structure of steel attaches to the primary concrete and steel structure, providing a lattice-like network that accomodates the ETFE cladding. 3. Cantilevered steel trusses attach to the concrete stadium structure below. 4. Three bowls of precast concrete seating sit upon the concrete structure of reinforced concrete columns and beams. 5. A raised concrete podium accomodates below-grade parking; An arrayed column grid provides the underlying logic from which the upper levels derive their structural logic.
3
4
Envelope Secondary Structure Roof Structure
5
Bowl Floor & Beam Structure Plyons & Podium
_ Page 2,0 Arena Manual 0
20
50m
100m
Real and Imaginary Variables: London Football Stadium
_ 2.2.10 Wembley Stadium
1
Date: 2002 - 2007 Location: London, England Architect: HOK Sport (Populous since 2009), Foster and Partners, Nathaniel Lichfield and Partners (planning consultants) Structural Engineer: Mott Stadium Consortium Seats: 90,000
1. A monumental and iconic arch provides the outermost level of support for Wembley’s hybrid roof structure. This arch takes on much of the load of the 7,000-tonne roof and allows the spanning members beneath the roof to be much thinner.
2
2. An undulating steel space-frame ring encircles the stadium, resting on the podium below. It supports the steel trusses that span across it in a goalpost fashion while also structuring the upper portion of the concrete and steel seating bowl. 3. The outer wall envelope encloses an extensively programmed interior of the stadium. The partially retractable roof hangs from the arch and its system of cables above while also being supported from spanning trusses below. 4. Three bowls of precast concrete seating sit upon the concrete structure of reinforced concrete columns and beams. 5. A raised concrete podium accomodates below-grade parking; An arrayed column grid provides the underlying logic from which the upper levels derive their structural spacing and logic.
3
Further deconstruction of component parts of chosen precedent stadia: primary and secondary structure, envelope, roof, seating bowl, floor and podium structure
4
Envelope Secondary Structure Roof Structure
5
Bowl Floor & Beam Structure Plyons & Podium
_ Page 2,0 Arena Manual
0
50m
100m
Zunheng Lai, Weishun Xu, Tim Zeitler 21
3.1.0 The Tipping Point _ 3.1.1 Geometry Improvement The Purpose of this process is to access local control of the geometry after selecting the global variables. _SQUARE TO FILLETED SQUARE (SQ to FSQ) Inflated Enveloppe Final March 10 2014 _VARIABLES
endI 20 in 0 1 endI endJ 96 jn 0 1 endJ
_BOWL..............................................................................................
elB 0
_elevation
heightB 18
_Top β 6 Ra 80 _Bottom η 1 _Global scale scaleBX 0.6 scaleBY 0.6 _Bottom (adjustment) _Elevation humps δh 4 σx 0.25 _Max height _Radius
_Hump inflection
k 10
jnew in jn
infB 4
jn if jn t k ( jn endJ) otherwise
σy 0.1
ScaleSin jn
α 22
_Edge bevel
if 0 d
pitchW 68
_Aspect ratio
scalePX 1.544
_Length
scalePY 1 pitchW ˜scalePX
104.992
jn k jn k d 0.25 › 0.5 d d 0.75 endJ endJ
_ENVELOPPE................................................................... _Max height
heightE 0
_Canting (%)
cantingUEx .01
cantingUEy 0.01 _Setback from bowl (%) sbx 0.11 _Cornice
infE 24
δε 4
heightE2 12 cantingLEx 1 cantingLEy 1 sby 0.025
· § jn k ˜δε π¸ ˜infE © endJ ¹
μin jn sin ¨
infR 18
cantingRx 0.05 cantingRy 0.05
_Bevel Acuteness _groundline
1
_Width
§ 1 § jnew in jn k ·· ¨ 1 2 sin ¨ 0.625 ˜2π¸ ¸ otherwise endJ © © ¹¹
_ROOF................................................ _Body
_PITCH....................................................
_Filletted Outline
ed 2
infE2 0
δε2 4 ux 0.2 uy 0.4
π· § endJ jn ˜δε2 π ¸ ˜infE2 3¹ © endJ
λin jn sin ¨
_SQUARE TO FILLETED SQUARE (SQ to FSQ) Inflated Enveloppe Final March 10 2014 _VARIABLES
_BOWL..............................................................................................
endI 20 in 0 1 endI endJ 96 jn 0 1 endJ
k 10
elB 0 _Max height heightB 18 _elevation _Radius
Ra 80
_PITCH....................................................
_Filletted Outline
β 6 _Bottom η 1 _Top
scaleBX 0.6 scaleBY 0.6 _Bottom (adjustment) _Elevation humps δh 4 σx 0.25 _Hump inflection infB 4 σy 0.1 _Global scale
jnew in jn
jn if jn t k
( jn endJ) otherwise
ScaleSin jn
1
if 0 d
§
1
pitchW 68 scalePX 1.544 scalePY 1 pitchW ˜scalePX
α 22
_Edge bevel
infR 18
cantingRx 0.05 cantingRy 0.05
_Canting (%)
§ jnew in jn k
··
heightE 0 cantingUEx .01 cantingUEy 0.01
104.992
jn k jn k d 0.25 › 0.5 d d 0.75 endJ endJ
¨ 1 2 sin ¨Stadium 0.625 ˜2π¸ ¸ 22 _ROOF................................................ Real and Imaginary Variables: London Football endJ © © ¹¹ _Body
_Max height
_Width _Aspect ratio _Length
_ENVELOPPE...................................................................
otherwise
_Setback from bowl (%) _Cornice
infE 24
sbx 0.11 δε 4
heightE2 12 cantingLEx 1 cantingLEy 1 sby 0.025
· § jn k § 2 § jn endJ 25.5 · 3 · ˜δε π¸ ˜infE ˜¨ ˜sin ¨ ˜π¸ ¸ endJ © endJ ¹ ©5 © ¹ 5¹
μin jn sin ¨
The stadium’s form was highly constrained by REAL VARIABLES, those constraints to the design that all stadiums must obey in order to function in the real world as sporting venues. These variables are reflected in the idealized seed forms in MATHCAD. Modulating these seed forms within the program allowed us to achieve key moments in the stadium while keeping to an indexical continuity for the stadium as a whole.
SQUARE TO FILLETED SQUARE_V2_3 _SQUARE TO FILLETED SQUARE (SQ to FSQ) Inflated Enveloppe Final March 10 2014 _VARIABLES
endI 20 in 0 1 endI endJ 96 jn 0 1 endJ
k
_BOWL..............................................................................................
elB 0 heightB 18 _Radius Ra 80 _Global scale scaleBX 0.6 scaleBY _Elevation humps δh 4 _Hump inflection infB 4 _elevation
_Max height
jnew in jn
10
jn if jn k ( jn endJ) otherwise
_Top 0.6
_Bottom
α 22
_Edge bevel
infR
cantingRx ed 2 infE2 0
_Bevel Acuteness _groundline
β 6 η 1
_Bottom (adjustment)
σy 0.1
ScaleSin jn
1
if
0
pitchW
_Aspect ratio
scalePX 1.544 scalePY 1 pitchW scalePX
jn k endJ
0.25 0.5
_ENVELOPPE...................................................................
heightE 0 cantingUEx .01 cantingUEy 0.01 _Setback from bowl (%) sbx 0.11 _Cornice infE 24 δε 4 _Max height
_Width
_Length
σx 0.25
68
jn k endJ
_Canting (%)
104.992
heightE2 12 cantingLEx cantingLEy sby 0.025
1 1
jn k 2 jn endJ 25.5 3 δε π infE sin π ScaleSin jn endJ endJ 5 5
μin jn sin
0.75
1 jnew in jn k 1 2 sin 0.625 2π otherwise endJ
_ROOF................................................ _Body
_PITCH....................................................
_Filletted Outline
18 0.05
cantingRy
0.05
δε2 4 ux 0.2 uy 0.4
π endJ jn δε2 π infE2 3 endJ
λin jn sin
_VARIABLES _1 _2 _3
_envelope calibrators _Upper
P1Pxin jn
1
in π cantingUEx endI
sin
in P1Pyin jn 1 sin π cantingUEy endI
_Lower
P2Pxin jn
1
in cantingLEx endI
P2Pyin jn
1
in cantingLEy endI
in jn sin 2π 0 ux endI endJ
P2PXin jn 1
in jn sin 6π 0 uy endI endJ
P2PYin jn 1
_4 _5 _UPPER/LOWER TIERS
Initial Seed by George L. Legendre IJP 2004-14
GSD 1315 Global Arenas
Zunheng Lai, Weishun Xu, Tim Zeitler 23
5.1.0 Plan
Podium Entrance Level 1:1400
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Real and Imaginary Variables: London Football Stadium
A
A
Ground Entrance Level 1:1400
Zunheng Lai, Weishun Xu, Tim Zeitler 25
1 tion
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Real and Imaginary Variables: London Football Stadium
We sought to design a football stadium that embodied SUBTLE MONUMENTALITY. Our modulation of the idealized seed form yielded several iterations that fulfilled this goal. Careful not to overwhelm the neighborhood, we indexed the stadium to its site and surroundings at two corners. Along the primary processional paths to the stadium, patrons are greeted with its highest elevations and prominent views of the seating bowl within.
A-A A-ASection Sectio 1:700 1:700
Zunheng Lai, Weishun Xu, Tim Zeitler 27
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Real and Imaginary Variables: London Football Stadium
Zunheng Lai, Weishun Xu, Tim Zeitler 29
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Real and Imaginary Variables: London Football Stadium
Zunheng Lai, Weishun Xu, Tim Zeitler 31
ARTIFICIAL GROUND Instructor: Spela Videcnik Date: Spring 2013 Site: Gowanus Canal area, Brooklyn, NY Program: Urban scheme and a mixed-use building Collaborator: Allison Burrell
The fourth semester core project began as an urban planning exercise. We grafted the urban fabrics of historic cities into our site in the Gowanus Canal area of Brooklyn. From investigations into soil remediation of the existing Superfund site, the project evolved into a more focused study of the northern portion of the site. To accomodate the necessary earthworks, we created an artificial, elevated ground condition. This built-up “Roman Hill� was comprised of a mega-structure which contained a shopping mall on its lowest level, artist galleries and live-work spaces in the middle floors, and higher-end condominiums on top. The quasi-rural townhomes atop the artificial ground creates a living condition worlds apart from the city below. The connection the homes share with the artist spaces and shopping mall below is through the expansive, plunging courtyards that give a distinctive sectional character to the project. The urban plan was done (above) was achieved in collaboration with Evan Cerelli, Phi Nguyen, and Allison Burrell. The architectural proposal was achieved in collaboration with Allison Burrell.
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Artificial Ground: Gowanus Mixed-Use Building
Allison Burrell, Tim Zeitler 33
3,700 ft²
5,900 ft²
6,100 ft² 3,900 ft² 9,500 ft² 4,000 ft² 5,100 ft²
6,200 ft²
5,800 ft²
3,900 ft²
8,600 ft²
3,900 ft²
5,700 ft²
5,500 ft²
5,000 ft²
7,000 ft²
3,000 ft²
3,500 ft²
5,100 ft² 3,200 ft²
3,000 ft² 7,300 ft² 5,700 ft²
4,200 ft²
5,000 ft²
4,600 ft²
Total Building Footprint 134,400 ft²
Soil Volume 13,400,000 ft³
SOIL PLACEMENT
55’ MAX
CONTAMINATED NATIVE SEDIMENT
FRESH
30’ MAX
FRESH
STABLIZED NATIVE SEDIMENT
10’
CONTAMINATED
Most Contaminated
ORGANOCLAY TREATMENT LAYER
5’
Fresh Soil
SAND AND GRAVEL LAYER
5’
Green Roof
5’
Mid Tier Soil
GRAVEL ARMOR LAYER
The relocation of a large volume of formerly contaminated soil from the overall site became a driver for the build-up of the dramatic SIX-STORY HILL on the northern portion of the site. 34
Artificial Ground: Gowanus Mixed-Use Building
Allison Burrell, Tim Zeitler 35
Long Section (detail)
Artificial Ground: Gowanus Mixed-Use Building
Allison Burrell, Tim Zeitler 37
Roof Plan Scale: 1/32” = 1’0”
Roof Plan
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Artificial Ground: Gowanus Mixed-Use Building
Third Floor Plan Scale: 1/32” = 1’0”
Workshop Level Plan
Allison Burrell, Tim Zeitler 39
HEAT RECOVERED FROM WORKSHOPS BELOW
HIGH-END LOFT
MAX HEIGHT TO SECOND GROUND 55’
ARTIST APARTMENT
WORKSHOP
RETAIL
RETAIL SYSTEM WITHIN STRUCTURAL MULLIONS ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS
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Artificial Ground: Gowanus Mixed-Use Building
Allison Burrell, Tim Zeitler 41
The expansive, plunging light courtyards provide CONTINUITY BETWEEN DISPARATE WORLDS: a pastoral neighborhood on top, a shopping mall below, and light-filled artist spaces in between
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Artificial Ground: Gowanus Mixed-Use Building
Allison Burrell, Tim Zeitler 43