E e ? g T n E A A s T o L L A f o U V y t I i G C T E e L h t R U re in C ultu R c i r O an Ag
WHY URBAN AG?
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This project was inspired by CultivateLA,theUCLAComprehesive Project from 2013. The study found numerous examples of disconnection between regulation and practice. Meanwhile many U.S. cities are actively engaging urban agriculture by clarifying regulations, easing restrictions and offering basic resources to residents who want to cultivate the city, promoting positive practice and civic engagement.
METHODOLOGY
b r U
REGULATORY
FINDINGS
PERMITTED USES
b
Single Family Dwellings Public Parks, Community Centers Golf Courses, Driving Ranges Farming, Nurseries Aviaries (Birds), Apiaries (Bee hives) Equines (Horses, Mules, Donkeys)* s Bovines (Cows)*s Goats* Swine (Pigs)* - Limit 5 Other Domestic Livestock* Poultry, Fowl, Rabbits, Chinchillas Fish, Frogs
ANIMALS
b Truck gardening was legalized in residential zones in 2010.
b One of the most liberal land use zones in Los Angeles, in terms of agriculture. b Large lot requirements for livestock, even goats, do not allow for smaller scales.
4. Survey practitioners about activities and the effects of regulations
b POULTRY & RABBITS are legal in most residential zones. b DOMESTIC LIVESTOCK are only legal inv A and M Zones, even though... b EQUINES are the most tolerated animal in Los Angeles zones.
On-Site Off-Site FARM a a TRUCK GARDEN a
Must have 4000 sf per equine/bovine
3. Investigate advocacy and practice history related to agricultural activities
b BEEKEEPING is legal in A and M Zones. The city is currently completing a feasibility study to legalize beekeeping in residential zones.
Both include the cultivation of: • Berries, fruits, nuts, and grains • Vegetables, mushrooms, and herbs • Flowers, ornamental plants • Seedlings
SALES & DISTRIBUTION:
* Must have a min. lot area of 17,500 sf s
2. Identify regulations in the Los Angeles Municipal Code, Zoning Code, and other local government agencies
TRUCK GARDENING/FARMING
AGRICULTURE ZONES • • • • • • • • • • • •
1. Identify agricultural activities through research and leadership focus group
b But what does truck gardening even mean?
b SETBACK requirements for animal keeping structures may create difficulties for smaller lots:
b Limits the economic benefits of truck gardening by enforcing off-site sales.
• Located in rear half of lot • 25 ft from each side lot line • 35 ft from dwelling units* on same lot
• 75 ft from neighbor’s dwelling units* *Specifically habitable rooms of a dwelling unit
ACTIVITY REGULATION BY ZONE RESIDENTIAL RE/RS Farming (On-site sales) Truck Gardening (Off-site sales)
RU/ RZ/ RW
$
RD
$
COMMERCIAL RMP/ R1-R5
CR/C1-C5
MANUFACTURING
ETC
MR1/M R2
M1
M2/ M31
A1/A 2
RA
OS/ PF
$
$
$
$
cu
$
$
$
$
$
$
y
y
cu
$
Beekeeping
AG
$
$
Aquaculture
LEGEND
Chickens
y
y
$
y/$2
y/$2
y
Rabbits
y
y
$
y/$2
y/$2
y
$
$
[y]
[y]
Domestic Livestock
$
!
(blank)...not permitted, by omission y.............permitted by right, for NON-commercial purposes $.............permitted by right for commercial purposes [ ]..........limitation by lot size { }.........quantity limitation regardless of lot size, may apply for conditional use permit to keep additional animals cu..........may apply for conditional use permit
Pigs
{$}
Equines
[y]
Home Occupations
$
$
2
{y}
cu
[y]
[y]
$
[$]
[$]
$
$
$
$
$
Indoor breeding facility Poultry/rabbit slaughter 1
{$}
$
$
cu
$
Stockyards and feeding pens are allowed in M3 Zones, if they are at least 500 feet from a more restrictive zone A1/A2 = Chickens and rabbits may be kept for commercial purposes on lots over 5 acres
Consultant: JES HOWEN MCBRIDE Advisor: Dr. Evelyn Blumenberg FALL DRAFT 12/09/2013 Department of Urban Planning University of California, Los Angeles Client: FRANCESCA DE LA ROSA Urban Agriculture Working Group Los Angeles Food Policy Council
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S N
O I T A D N
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E M
M O C E R
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SHORT TERM
b Allow any domestic animal (i.e. goats, cows) where equines are allowed.
b Redefine “truck gardening” and allow a modest amount of sales on-site.
b Publish a citywide user-friendly guide to urban agriculture regulations in Los Angeles.
LONG TERM
b Create an Urban Agriculture chapter of the municipal code that consolidates pertenant regulations.
b Reconsider lot size requirements and other restrictions based on best practices of the current iteration of urban agriculture in the United States.