Neighborhood Change Along the ORANGE LINE Background & Research Question
How Did Neighborhoods Change? Total Population
How have Orange Line neighborhoods changed between 2000 and 2012?
• Metro Orange Line, opened 2005 • One of few full-service Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) lines in the US. • Limited to no understanding of how BRT affects communities.
Demographics
Bachelor’s Degree
+29% +20%
+9% Station
-4%
-3%
Percent Black
+20% +10%
Percent Hispanic
+4% +8%
Median Rent Housing
+3% Control
No Significant Differences
$
$
$
+2%
-5%
2+ Vehicles
15%
3%
+15% Control
Drive Alone
Zero Vehicles
-21% -14%
$
Renter Occupied Units
Owner Occupied Units
Home Value $
+3% +1%
+25% Station
Median Income
Economics
Percent White
+9%
47%
$
34%
+0%
Carpool
Walk
Transit
Transportation
Mean Travel Time
14.1% 14.0%
+4% Station
+2% Control
-35%
-30%
+4%
-3%
-2%
-6%
Research Design & Methodology Data US Census, 2000 American Community Survey, 2012 Methods • Define station & control areas • Proportionally adjust data & tract boundaries • Calculate changes • Test for significance
Control Area
Station Area
What Does Gentrification Look Like? Median Income Median Rent Households Owning 2+ Vehicles Percent with Bachelor’s Degree Median Home Value Owner Occupied Households Owning Zero Vehicles Percent White Renter Occupied Percent Hispanic Percent Black
This project was gratefully acknowledges the support of the W.K. Kellogg Foundation, the UCLA Luskin School of Public Affairs, and the UCLA Lewis Center for Regional Policies
Findings & Policy Questions Why haven’t we seen much change along the Orange Line? Is bus able to stimulate development like rail? Do we need to better coordinate transit and planning? Has enough time passed to observe differences? Is the Orange Line in the right place? Recommendations & policy implications Further study and context-sensitive planning What do these findings mean for Metro as they consider transit oriented development at Orange Line stations? For future BRT?
Anne Brown Client: California Air Resources Board Advisor: Evelyn Blumenberg