Upstate Gardeners' Journal July-August 2019 by JFM Publishing—(585) magazine / (585) Kids / Upstate Gardeners' Journal

BUFFALO - ITHACA - ROCHESTER - SYRACUSE

Focus on: Preserving the Harvest Summer’s Best Chicken Salad Central New York Food Forests FREE

A Few Good Asian Maples Crosman Seed Where Do I Start?

Volume Twenty-five, Issue Four July-August 2019

UPSTATE GARDENERS’ JOURNAL - 390 HILLSIDE AVENUE - ROCHESTER, NEW YORK 14610

SARA’S GARDEN

What’s the Forecast? Weather is the King, Queen and Tsar of all things in the garden… and 2019 has shown that no matter the efforts being made by us, some plants just struggled to start the season and sadly many just couldn’t jump the hurdles of the last 365 days. 2018 gave us heat and drought, winter was a roller coaster, and spring was a swamp… that’s a pretty big ask of any plant. Raise your hand if you lost a butterfly bush…a Japanese maple, a lavender, a rose…YIKES! But the silver lining is that folks who love plants are pretty much the most resilient and patient people we know. And like plants, people always find a way to muddle through these things and find a pathway to some form of compromise and success. This makes a pretty good argument for planting for the soil and climate your have. We all want to experiment and push the boundaries, but the structure and bones of a garden should always start with the reliable and resilient…then pick your places for highlight, experiment and unexpected choices. We’d like to help you with this stuff. This summer may be your opportunity to reinvent your desires and lighten the burden of garden disappointments. Planting for the personal environment you have could change your whole outlook about your landscape.

Stonewall Follies…are you in or out? 2019 means a new instructor and a new opportunity…we have no dates yet and no solid focus. What do you want? A meat-andpotatoes wall class that gives you the nitty gritty of construction or just a free-for-all of hanging with the stone mad men and just doing something impulsive? PLEASE tell us! John Scott is a great teacher (think Machu Picchu/Jackson 5 inspiration) he can go in any direction we want…watch the video of Norman and John Scott from 2018 on our Facebook page…in a nutshell, the follies is just a magical three days no matter what we do as long as there are good stones and good friends involved. We have about six students ready to dive in, so we have some spaces to fill.

For details on the Follies, garden event opportunities or any other garden-related topic, call the nursery at 585-637-4745 or email us at kkepler@rochester.rr.com.

40+ Year Mission! It is our greatest desire to provide our customers with top quality, well-grown plant material at a fair and honest price. We will strive to provide an unmatched selection of old favorites and underused, hard-to-ﬁnd items, along with the newest varieties on the market. We will eagerly share our horticultural knowledge gained from years of education and experience. Lastly, we offer all this in a spirit of fun and lightheartedness.

Sara’s Garden Center | 389 East Ave. | Brockport 14420 | 585-637-4745

Contents

PUBLISHER/EDITOR: Jane F. Milliman MANAGING EDITOR: Debbie Eckerson GRAPHIC DESIGN: Cathy Monrad TECHNICAL EDITOR: Brian Eshenaur PROOFREADER: Sarah Koopus CONTRIBUTING WRITERS: ELLEN ADAMS | MICHELLE SUTTON PAT CURRAN | CATHY MONRAD | JUDY PRICE DIANE WHITTEN | LIZ MAGNANTI

Almanac: What to Do in July & August................. 6-7 Edible Acres & Twisted Tree................................ 8-11 Home Food Preservation....................................14-15 Calendar...............................................................20-23

390 Hillside Avenue, Rochester, NY 14610 585/733-8979 e-mail: info@upstategardenersjournal.com upstategardenersjournal.com

From the Garden...................................................... 24 Classifieds.................................................................. 24

The Upstate Gardeners’ Journal is published six times a year. To subscribe, please send $20.00 to the above address. Magazines will be delivered via U.S. mail and/or email (in PDF format). We welcome letters, calls and e-mail from our readers. Please tell us what you think!

Ear to the Ground.................................................... 24 Backyard Habitat...................................................... 25

Cathy the Crafty Gardener...................................... 26

On the cover: “Bright Lemon Napa Red Star of Ecotopia” by Michael Tomb of Studio Michaelino, Rochester, NY

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Almanac

What to Do in the Garden in July & August

ABOVE: Divide and

replant bearded irises.

6 | JULY-AUGUST 2019

JULY Ornamentals Pinch back chrysanthemums and asters to keep them shorter and bushier. Stake perennials that tend to flop. Deadhead some perennials and annuals to keep them blooming, others to avoid self-sowing and the plant’s wasting energy on seed production. Cut back mounding perennials such as geraniums, pinks, alyssum, creeping phlox, and aubretia when they are finished blooming. Cut reblooming roses back slightly. Keep container plants watered and fertilized. Water newly planted woody plants. Ten to 15 gallons of water is needed weekly when rainfall is less than one inch. Plan how to protect woodies from deer. Keep water gardens full. Deadhead Japanese tree lilacs as much possible to encourage more bloom next year and prevent unwanted seedlings. Mowing the lawn as high as possible results in a healthier lawn with deeper roots more tolerant of drought and denser turf—this will prevent germination of some weed seeds. Start some perennials from seed, but plan on overwintering them in a cold frame. It’s finally okay to remove narcissus foliage. This is also a good time to move the bulbs, or you can dig them up and let them dry for planting in September. Move colchicum in early July. If you forced bulbs last winter, remove them from the pots and store them dry and cool for the summer (except for delicate bulbs like snowdrops). Watch out for narcissus bulb fly! Divide and replant bearded irises. Destroy old or rotten rhizomes or those with iris borers. Do this before Labor Day to allow sufficient time for rerooting. Tour private gardens and arboreta. Take your camera and notebook to record ideas. Mark colors of phlox and daylilies in case you want to propagate and share them. Photograph your garden and make notes of needed changes. Check viburnums for viburnum leaf beetle (VLB) adults, especially if the shrubs were defoliated by the larvae. Consider a pesticide treatment to save the shrubs. Do NOT cut back branches just because the leaves have been eaten or damaged. Scratch the bark with your fingernail. If it’s green underneath, the branch is alive. Dormant buds under the bark will eventually develop into sprouts and leaves. Snip off and destroy the twigs that contain the VLB eggs. Although the egg-laying sites are most obvious in the fall, one actually has until April to trim the affected twigs. This is the last month to fertilize woodies without encouraging tender late growth that may not harden off in time for winter. It’s also the last month to prune woodies— except for dead or diseased wood.

Edibles Early in July, emove peas and other early veggies and replace with either quick-growing veggies such as snap beans, cucumbers, summer squash, green onions, beets, kohlrabi, and radishes, or else cool-tolerant, slower-growing veggies such as carrots, broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, collards, kale, peas, head and romaine lettuce, and parsley. After August 1, only plantings of leaf lettuce, spinach, turnips, and radishes can be expected to produce a crop in a normal year in upstate New York—gardens in zone 6 near the lake have another week or two of growing season. Cover newly planted seeds with rowcover to keep them cooler and moist. Renew the mulch in your veggie garden. Keep up with weeding! If you can’t remove all the weeds right away, at least don’t let them go to seed. Cover blueberry plants with bird netting before birds discover the fruit. If it’s dry, water the plants well. Use large buckets, with holes drilled in the bottom for slow deep watering and to measure how much you are applying. Before renewing the mulch, do a pH test. If the pH is higher than 5.5, consider broadcasting sulfur on the ground and watering it in before mulching. Your Extension office can advise you how much sulfur to apply based on pH. Keep tomato branches inside their cages. Remove spotted or yellow leaves (put them in the trash). This will slow down early blight and septoria leaf blight. A layer of fresh mulch may help to interrupt fungus infection. If you suspect late blight, take leaf samples or pictures to your local Extension office. Continue to cut off curly garlic scapes as they appear to encourage larger bulbs. Pick raspberries every day, especially if the weather is wet or humid. If raspberries or other soft fruits look moist or misshapen, check for the maggots of the two-spotted drosophila fruit fly. Destroy all the bad fruit. If a lot of fruit has been set, you can then use rowcover to keep the fruit flies out, but this will also prevent further pollination. Also look out for the marmorated stink bug. Keep your food plants weeded, watered, and mulched. Uneven watering may cause blossom end rot of tomatoes. Blueberry bushes are particularly sensitive to drought Carefully guide melon and squash vines where you want them to go. Renew or move the strawberry bed. Moving the plants now allows thorough weed removal and enough time to plant a succession crop (see above). Keep the asparagus bed weeded. You shouldn’t be harvesting any longer. Watch for asparagus beetles. Maximize basil harvest and prevent blooming by cutting plants back by one-third rather than just plucking leaves. Handpick Japanese beetles, Colorado potato beetles, etc. Look for the eggs on undersides of leaves. Use Bt insecticide

on cabbage family plants, but remember Bt will also kill the caterpillars of desirable butterflies. Grow extra parsley, dill, or fennel to have more black swallowtails, and leave common milkweed in rough areas for monarch caterpillars. If you have a lot of apples or crabapples, thinning the fruit may reduce the tendency to biennial bearing that might result. AUGUST Ornamentals Continue to water newly planted woodies (see July). Plant evergreens by mid-September in order to establish before winter. In late August, plant corms of either colchicums or the true autumn crocus (Crocus speciosus, etc.) as soon as they are available. Nursery stock goes on sale and may be a good moneysaver if it has been well cared for. Score the rootball of pot bound plants with vertical cuts to ensure root growth into the surrounding soil. If rain is insufficient, water weekly. Continue watering until the ground freezes. In late August, preferably before the end of September, move and/or divide some of the hardier perennials, especially the spring-blooming ones. Order bulbs for fall planting to get the best selection of varieties. Many spring-blooming bulbs are deer-resistant, such as allium, winter aconite, snowdrop, leucojum (snowflake), Siberian squill, glory-of-the-snow, puschkinia, fritillaria, and Anemone blanda. Grape hyacinths send up fall foliage, but even when it’s browsed that doesn’t seem to affect their vigor. Keep the lawn mowed high, but if a drought drags on, allow it to go dormant (brown). It will revive when rains resume. Late August and early September is the best time to renovate a lawn or to seed a new one. Start protecting tree trunks from “buck rub” damage. Late in August, bring in poinsettia and Christmas cactus to get them adapted to indoor conditions. Start exposing them to long nights (short days) for flowerbuds to set. After checking for insects, bring in houseplants before nights cool off too much outside and heating systems start operating. Edibles In zone 5, August is the last month to plant early broccoli or cauliflower transplants, leaf lettuce, spinach, and turnip. Protect them from the scorching sun with rowcover or milk crates. Harvest garlic when the leaves are yellowing. Next you can weed the area and plant a late crop. Rotate garlic, so pick a new spot with lots of sun and good drainage. Sheet compost the new spot now, until planting time in mid-October. Continue weeding, watering, and mulching as needed. Try not to get leaves wet to prevent spreading disease. Watch closely for tomato/potato late blight. Keep harvesting beans, basil, okra, cukes, summer squash, eggplant, etc., for plants to keep producing. It’s okay to leave some peppers on the plant to ripen and turn color. —Pat Curran and the Tompkins County Master Gardeners

Seasonal Stakeout

Edible Acres & Twisted Tree: Central NY Nurseries Rooted in Visionary Permaculture by Michelle Sutton

omesteaders Sean Dembrosky in Trumansburg (Tompkins County) and Akiva Silver in Spencer (Tioga County) are making a full-time living growing nursery crops within a permaculture system. At its most essential, permaculture aims to mimic the structure of natural ecosystems to maximize productivity and

ABOVE: The forestnursery at Edible Acres. Photo courtesy Edible Acres

8 | JULY-AUGUST 2019

sustainability. Food forests are a form of permaculture in which a woodland ecosystem is created with edible plants at every layer—trees, shrubs, climbing plants, perennials, and annuals. In these conversations with Dembrosky and Silver, the concepts of permaculture and food forests begin to come to life. There’s so much more to explore. Fortunately, both men are passionate about sharing their extensive knowledge. On Dembrosky’s YouTube channel, EdibleAcres, he and his wife Sasha have posted nearly 400 how-to videos for more than 40,000 subscribers; see also their website, edibleacres.org. Silver recently released his first book, Trees of Power: Ten Essential Arboreal Allies and posts technical and philosophical writing on his website, twisted-tree.net. He also hosts a YouTube channel, Twisted Tree Farm, and an online course—both focused on woody plant propagation.

SEAN DEMBROSKY / EDIBLE ACRES

I grew up in northern New Jersey where my Mom converted most of our tiny yard into food production, so I was always immersed in growing plants. I went to college for fine arts with a focus on computer graphics, but I was always gardening on the side wherever I was renting or in containers if no land was available. The direction of my life was greatly influenced by an amazing professional photographer named Jon Naar who had traveled all over the world. A World War II vet who had met Gandhi, John was in his mid-80s when I met him. At his house in the middle of Trenton, he had a concrete backyard upon which he grew abundant veggies and fruits in massive soil-filled containers. When I came to a crossroads of either going all in on computer graphics or pursuing my interest in farming, John pushed me towards the latter. He saw where the world was heading in terms of fossil fuels and food security and thought that farming and sustainability would be a better use of my life. Edible Acres happened over time; it wasn’t a buythe-land-and-start-the-nursery sort of thing. I bought degraded, very low-cost land on top of a hill in Enfield, New York and started planting trees everywhere, training myself

in permaculture, and making an unlimited number of mistakes! One key connection was with Stephen Breyer of Tripple Brook Nursery in Southampton, MA, who showed me his nursery system. It was very feral and loose, a wild food-forest style that he would dig up plants to sell from. It helped me see what was possible; before that, I always thought nurseries had to be high plastic tunnels, drip irrigation … lots of inputs and extra work. At Edible Acres we are particularly interested in providing rapidly replicating plants for food forests. I see food forests as human-stewarded spaces that closely mimic forests or hedgerows, with an eye towards making food and medicine. Food forests are about the perpetual management of young forests; you’re hitting the reset button lightly, fairly often, to create the highest density, diversity, and number of interrelationships among all the species in the system—the plants, mammals, bugs—the whole shebang. This dynamic approach creates a really resilient and alive system. Our little permaculture nursery in Trumansburg fully funds our whole life and that’s pretty exciting. We like the place we’re at and don’t want to grow the business just for the sake of getting bigger. This spring we’re shipping

almost 300 separate orders from our tiny garage to places around the country. This past year I’ve been particularly psyched with elderberry (Sambucus spp.) and black currants (Ribes nigrum), in part because with the massive deer and rabbit pressure that many people like us experience, these are shrubs that readily regrow after browsing. They are also easy to plant by cuttings by direct sticking in the earth; we can plant 15 to 20 per minute. The demand for nanking cherry (Prunus tomentosa)—from people and rabbits—is astronomical as well. Plants have to be tough to grow here, and they grow stronger for it. Our main nursery has only one 10-x-30-foot area that has rabbit protection; other than that, 100 percent of the nursery is exposed to deer, rabbits, voles, and mice. We plant enough cuttings and seed to weather that pressure and still meet our financial needs. We have no irrigation, really poor soils as a starting point, very little sunlight, and the land floods in the winter and gets bone dry in the summer. In this way, it’s an intense testing ground! Once these tough plants get to gardens with cushier conditions, they really flourish. There’s this limiting idea that in order to practice

ABOVE INSET: Sean Dembrosky (left) used his YouTube platform, Edible Acres, to introduce viewers to Akiva Silver’s channel, Twisted Tree Farm.

UPSTATE GARDENERS’ JOURNAL | 9

TOP: Humans love Nanking cherry fruits, and rabbits love to gnaw on the bark in winter. Photo Courtesy Edible Acres BOTTOM: Edible Acres grows sea kale (Crambe maritima), a perennial green hardy to Zone 5. Photo Courtesy Edible Acres

10 | JULY-AUGUST 2019

permaculture you have to design everything out in advance, an idea that can keep people from starting. Speaking from my experience after 15 years of not designing, it’s fine to just start planting and learn as you go. Permaculture overarchingly is a wonderful framework, but more than anything it’s the principles (permacultureprinciples.com) and ethics that I feel have the most value.

AKIVA SILVER / TWISTED TREE FARM

I became really interested in wilderness survival about 18 years ago and started spending all of my time in the woods to try to learn how to live off the land. However, the more time I spent in wilderness areas, the more I started to see that humans can have a positive impact on the world, like through planting trees. About 12 years ago, I started teaching myself plant propagation, focusing on trees and

shrubs with food value for people and wildlife and medicinal and lumber value for people. It went from a hobby, to side income, to now selling more than 20,000 bare root seedlings of more than 100 varieties each year. However much I produce, I can sell, but I don’t care to grow the business any larger; I want to keep life simple, and I choose to be satisfied where I’m at. I have help in the busy spring grafting and fall harvesting and shipping times, but most of the year it’s just me. Being able to work from home is what I always wanted, and really it was building a website and doing mail order that made this all possible. My wife Megan homeschools our three kids: Forrest, eight, Cyrus, six, and Oren, three. Those who buy trees from us are gardeners, homesteaders, permaculture folks, wildlife conservationists, other nurseries, and even doomsday preppers. The wildlife conservation folks plant more trees than anyone, I find. They plant hundreds of thousands of chestnuts and chinquapins (Castanea spp.), hazelnuts (Corylus spp.), persimmons (Diospyros virginiana), apples (Malus spp.), pears (Pyrus spp.), and the like. Spring is grafting season, planting the whole nursery, getting it all mulched, and then by May I weed and water and check on things. In the fall we dig up everything. We have a big festival in the fall called Nut Bonanza, a celebration of nut tree crops. There are stations for people to experience different tree crops, so we do hazelnut oil pressing, make hickory milk, crack black walnuts, roast chestnuts, and make acorn flour. For someone who’s new to permaculture, I would suggest focusing on really easy-toestablish things that are high reward, like black currants and raspberries. These will build confidence to try more things. Start with building the soil and then putting in the smaller berry bushes. Eventually you can work your way up to fruit trees. Either way, you’ll want to spend significant time building your soil, much like you would prep soil for growing tomatoes—you’re striving for the crumbly, rich, well-drained soil that organic matter makes possible. Fruit trees don’t have to be difficult; it depends on the type and the site. Persimmons and mulberries (Morus spp.) are very easy to grow, as are some apple tree varieties. If someone is wanting to put in a chestnut orchard and they’re on a clay hillside where wholesale amending of soil is not realistic, I would encourage them to create big berms or mounds by scraping any available topsoil downhill, then plant on those berms. If you’re growing in sandy soil, the task is to get as much organic matter into the system as possible. It could be raking up all the grass clippings in the area. Use what’s around you and nearby—I live near a saw mill so I use sawdust, which works great, and I use manure

Silver’s first book, Trees of Power, is broken down into two

Trees of Power: Ten Essential Arboreal Allies by Akiva Silver (2019, Chelsea Green Publishing)

parts. Part One teaches about propagation and planting skills. Part Two explores ten trees (Arboreal Allies) in depth: Chestnut: The Bread Tree Apples: The Magnetic Center Poplar: The Homemaker Ash: Maker of Wood Mulberry: The Giving Tree Elderberry: The Caretaker Hickory: Pillars of Life Hazelnut: The Provider Black Locust: The Restoration Tree Beech: The Root Runner In the section on black locust, for instance, Silver explores how

from a local dairy farmer. There’s not one right amendment or planting method; it depends on what you’re trying to do and what’s available. In permaculture, I think the most important thing is to keep the soil covered. If you look at nature as an example, the earth naturally wants to be covered, either with plants or with leaves. If it’s not covered, all the organic matter is burning off really fast and nutrients are leaching out. Keep piling on the mulch, using materials around you, to protect the soil. The bacteria and worms and fungus are going to start working on that mulch, and that will make your soils alive. You can’t put those organisms there but you can create really good habitat and then the organisms will flourish—and they do the work of feeding the plants. You know how you get inspired about different things in your life, but the feeling can pass fairly quickly? If you can act on it, it can grow into something amazing—and

many different kinds of insects feed on the leaves and how important those insects are for bird populations, and how the flowers are edible and produce a huge nectar flow (Silver says they taste like sweet peas). “Black locust transforms landscapes, like places where they blow the top off a mountain and leave a wasteland, black locust is able to come in and transform no soil into soil,” Silver says. “It can fix carbon and nitrogen out of the air at extremely high rates. It’s pulling stuff out of the sky and putting it into the ground to set the stage for other things to grow again in abandoned pastures, roadsides—anywhere

that’s been degraded.” Another thing that makes black locust so valuable, Silver explains, is its rot resistance, which makes it ideal for boardwalks, docks, picnic tables, playgrounds, etc. New rules around docks, for instance, prohibit the use of treated lumber, so the options are tropical hardwood or black locust. “The demand for black locust is super high right now,” Silver says. “Fortunately, they grow so fast that by age seven to 10 you could be cutting the trees down and harvesting fence posts and they will regrow, giving you an endless supply. The regrowth on black locust with an established root system can be 10 feet in a year.”

those amazing things are what’s going to heal the earth. You can’t know what chain reaction your actions will set into motion. For example, scientists introduced wolves back into Yellowstone Park with the initial intent of controlling elk and deer populations. Cognizant of the wolves, the elk and deer stopped feeding in open areas, including along riverways. The vegetation along rivers then exploded with growth, erosion was controlled, beavers came back, and the actual course of rivers was changed—all because wolves were reintroduced. In growing plants or in life in general, it’s important when you have those inspiration bombs to light them—don’t just put them away.

Michelle Sutton is a horticulturist, writer, and editor living in New Paltz.

LEFT: Akiva Silver on his land in Spencer. Photo by Michelle Sutton RIGHT: Hazelnut is a permaculture staple because of its nuts, pollen, rapidly regenerating shoots, wildlife cover, hedgerow suitability, and more. Photo from Wikimedia Commons, Fir0002, CC BY-SA 3.0

UPSTATE GARDENERS’ JOURNAL | 11

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From the Garden

Home Food Preservation by Judy Price and Diane Whitten

ABOVE: Jars of tomato products. Photo by Colleen Cavagna

BELOW: Pressure canner (front) and boiling water canner (back).

hereâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s nothing more rewarding than producing your own food for self-sufficiency and health. But a large garden can produce so much that, when the summerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s bounty is ready to be harvested, there can be more than one family can consume before it spoils. Food preservation is an essential skill that will help you enjoy your harvest throughout the year. People choose to preserve their garden produce for various reasons. Some do not like to waste food. Others are concerned about the additives in commercially preserved foods, such as artificial colors or preservatives, and choose to preserve at home for health reasons. Still other home preservers find that they can save money by growing and storing food, even considering the cost of soil amendments and watering when necessary. Perhaps you wish to preserve for one or more of these reasons, or perhaps for the personal satisfaction of seeing a shelf filled with food jars lovingly prepared by you and your family. In any method of preserving, there are ways family members of all ages can contribute. Research shows that a child is more apt to eat food that he or she has helped to prepare. Even the youngest can snap beans or crush berries! Canning, freezing and drying are the three main methods of preserving food. There are two safe ways of canning, depending on the type of food being canned. Acidic foods, such as tomatoes and fruit, can be preserved using the boiling water or the atmospheric steam canning method. Either of these types of canners are not very expensive and are a good way to get started preserving. Boiling water and steam canners may also be used to preserve pickled and jellied products. Vegetables have a low acid level and must be canned using the pressure canning method. This canning method creates temperatures exceeding 2400 F., necessary to destroy the Clostridium botulinum

spores that only grow in low acid foods. This is the bacteria that causes the food borne illness Botulism. There are two kinds of pressure canners, those with dials that are read as the cannerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s internal temperature rises, and those that are regulated by a weight over the steam vent. Which type you choose to use depends partly on the elevation of your home and somewhat on your personality. Freezing is the only method of food preservation that requires a continuous use of power. While the freezer section of a refrigerator/freezer appliance will allow you to store food for a fairly short period of time, if you want to store large amounts of frozen food, you may want to purchase an upright or a chest freezer. These dedicated appliances will allow you to keep food in excellent condition at 00 or even -100 F. Freezing is a quick and easy way to preserve fruits and vegetables. Knowing a few tips will assure that your frozen foods will be safe and of high quality. Something as simple as blanching vegetables an appropriate amount of time, or packaging food only in freezer quality materials, go a long way to having delicious, high quality food you have frozen yourself. Drying, one of the oldest forms of food preservation, is a good option for long-term storage, also. Microorganisms require water to live and removing the natural water from foods is a simple way to preserve them. Unfortunately, the high humidity level in New York State requires that dehydration takes place in a dehydrator. Those living in the southwest can air dry or sun dry fruits and vegetables. If New Yorkers try this for any food other than herbs, the food will become moldy before it is dry! Fermentation, an ancient form of food preservation, can extend the shelf life of produce four to six months, long enough to get you through the long winter months. In fermentation, lactic acid is formed, making the food more acidic so that spoilage microorganisms cannot grow. Fermented foods such as sauerkraut, kimchi, fermented pickles, and kombucha are known for their pro-biotic health benefits. If these foods are then canned, the probiotic advantages no longer exist, but they are still healthy COOPERATIVE EXTENSION: Best Bet for Home Food Preservation Instructions

Food preservation instructions change over the years as safer and more effective ways to preserve food are developed. Food preservation instructions are researched and updated by the USDA which then passes the latest information on to Cooperative Extension. Recent research has devised a safe way to can fish in quart canning jars. 14 | JULY-AUGUST 2019

This research was done for USDA at the University of Alaska, where a need was seen for the indigenous people whose main sustenance is fish. The University of Wisconsin recently developed safe canning directions for using an atmospheric steam canner. This is a great advantage in areas of the country suffering from drought, as much less water is required than using a boiling water canner. The University of Georgia Cooperative Extension is the direct link to the USDA through its National Center for Home Food Preservation, accessible online to everyone at uga.edu/nchfp. There is a wealth of information at this site from basic food preservation how-tos, such as “How to Use a Canner,” to more than 185 specific recipes that are guaranteed to be safe. There are tutorials, PowerPoint presentations, and much more for the home canner. Since botulism food poisoning can occur in low acid canned foods, it’s vital that you use a safe, tested recipe to keep your family healthy. Recipes on this website and other sites ending in .edu can be trusted resources for research-based canning directions. Beware of canning directions found on social media, which may disseminate unsafe methods.

CORNELL COOPERATIVE EXTENSION RESOURCES

Of course, there is nothing like a hands-on or demonstration class to learn home food preservation techniques and build confidence in your skills. Some county extension offices may be offering evening or weekend food preservation classes. The Master Food Preserver Program is a three-day intensive classroom and hands-on learning experience, offered in various locations around New York State. So far this summer, five well-attended workshops have been held. These workshops include the science of preservation (why we must do what has been researched and recommended), and special units on high-acid canning, low-acid canning, jam and jelly making and preserving, quick pickles and fermented products, freezing, and dehydration. If you would like to join the more than 760 individuals who have taken this workshop since its inception in 2006, contact the Cornell Cooperative hosts listed below. These workshops are taught by the authors.

Judy Price and Diane Whitten are Cornell Cooperative Extension home food preservation experts.

Buffalo and Erie County

Botanical Gardens

August 13–15

CCE Niagara County, Lockport, NY host Amanda Henning, app27@cornell.edu

September 10-12 CCE Chautauqua County, Falconer, NY host Emily Reynolds, eck47@cornell.edu September 17-19 CCE Essex County, Willsboro, NY host Linda Gillilland, llg46@cornell.edu

H.A.Treichler & Sons “We Grow Our Own”

Sculpture Exhibit Now-August 18

Botanics & Brews July 25

Dining Series July & August

Hosta, Daylily & Iris Sale August 24

A Family Tradition Since 1854 10” Hanging Baskets—Thousands to choose from Annuals & Perennials—Gallons and 4½” Pots Geraniums Over 25 Varieties of Proven Winners Vegetable Plants for Home Gardeners Seeds • Certified Seed Potatoes

Gift Certiﬁcates Available Don’t forget our Senior Discount every Wednesday! Military Discounts Daily Open through October 31, 2019 Monday - Friday 9 am - 7 pm Saturday & Sunday 9 am - 5 pm

buffalogardens.com

2655 South Park Ave - Buffalo, NY 14218 - 716.827.1584

2687 Saunders Settlement Rd. (Rte. 31), Sanborn

716/731-9390

For Your Garden

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975 Empire Blvd., Rochester NY 14609

585.482.6560

All Tours Hosted By:

Sally Cunningham Garden Expert/CNLP

• Gardens & Creativity of Buffalo JULY 11, 2019

A sampler from the book Buffalo Style Gardens written by Sally Cunningham & Jim Charlier

When you’re looking for something unique, say no more— just pay us a visit!

• Gardens of Buffalo Southtowns JULY 16, 2019

Visit the famous Sumg Creek Garden, Marcia Sully’s Hidden Gardens, shopping at Lasting Dreams Daylilies and more.

• Gardens of Eden & Lakeshore JULY 23, 2019

Tour many gardens from Hamburg off to the rolling hills of Eden and the shores of Lake Erie.

• Iconic Christmas Markets NOVEMBER 29 - DECEMBER 6, 2019 AmaWaterways - Europe River Cruise Cruise from Budapest, Hungary to Nuremberg, Germany enjoying all the holiday markets along the way.

FOR MORE INFORMATION: VISIT: www.greatgardentravel.com CALL: 800.242.4244

Just 2 1/2 Miles East of Rte 400

398-19

11753 East Main St. • East Aurora, NY (716) 652-8969

Bee in the Garden

Fresh

From Our Greenhouses

• GIFT SHOP •

What the best dressed patios are wearing this summer.

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6/24/19

6:12 AM

Annuals, Perennials Herbs, Hanging Baskets Bedding Plants Foliage Plants

Family coming over? We sell and fill propane tanks.

Genesis II E 335 Models now on Display

Visit the

Grillmasters at

MILEAGE MASTER CENTER

2488 Browncroft Blvd. 586-1870

We have a great selection of wood chips & charcoal year ‘round

HOURS: Mon.-Fri. 9:00am-5:00pm; Sat. 9:00am-4:00pm

2675 Geneseo Road (Rt. 39)

2722 Clinton Street West Seneca, NY 14224 (716) 822-9298

Growing the Highest Quality Plants Since 1922!

Avon, New York 14414

Explore the Lotus!

(585) 226-3073 | palmitersgardennursery.com

• Lotus • Lilies • Koi • Pond supplies • Carnivorous Plants

Growing great gardens in the Genesee Valley for more than 40 years! MY

CMY PEONIES —TREE, HERBACEOUS AND INTERSECTIONAL K HOSTA, HELLEBORUS, PERENNIALS

CACTI AND SUCCULENTS SPECIMEN JADE TREES DECORATIVE GARDEN POTTERY TUFA ROCK, DWARF CONIFERS, UNUSUAL TREES

SUMMER HOURS

Mon–Sat: 10:00am–6:00pm | Sun: 12:00pm–6:00pm

Lotus in full bloom during July and August! Be sure to pay us a visit!

Bergen Water Gardens and Nursery

7443 Buffalo Rd. Churchville NY 14428 585-293-2860 www.bergenwatergardens.com

Visit our site for hours and info!

garden lovers: sUMMer JUsT sTarTed Visit harrington’s greenhouses We still have a good selection of sun & shade annuals and perennials, shrubs and fairy gardens.

harrington’s

Greenhouses

4653 North Byron Rd. Elba, NY 14058 585/757-2450

Find us on

Roberts

Over 350 field-grown hardy cultivars Open select summer weekends at 77 Halseyville Rd., Ithaca, NY 14850

Dates and details at www.cayugadaylilies.com 607-220-3733

CayugaDaylilies

Create your own Earth-friendly garden We have a large selection of potted native plants available

Farm Market

Amanda’s Garden

Annuals • Perennials • Hanging Baskets Herbs • Vegetable Plants • Mulch • Stones

Native Perennial Nursery

11170 Maple Ridge Rd., Medina NY 14103

Open everyday–please call ahead. 8030 Story Rd., Dansville, NY 14437 585-750-6288 • amandasgarden@gmail.com

585-798-4247 • RobertsFarmMarket.com Open Mon–Sat 9–6 methin “So

Cayuga Daylilies

www.amandagarden.com

g Good for You & Better for Your Gard en.”

Seneca Greenhouse

QB Daylily Gardens AHS DAYLILY DISPLAY GARDEN Open for regular hours

June 29 - August 11 Tuesday thru Sunday, 10am to 5pm

or any other time by appointment Group tours are welcome Gift certificates available on site or by phone 557 Sand Hill Rd Caledonia • 860.378.4742 QBDAYLILYGARDENS.COM

2250 Transit Rd., near Seneca St. West Seneca, NY 14224 • 716/677-0681

SALE—Buy one, get one free on select varieties Clip this add for a $5 discount.

Imagine walking through fields of daylilies in bloom. Come visit us at

COTTAGE GARDENS

and see all the color and forms of our daylilies—3700 cultivars --4540 East Shelby Road Medina, New York 14103 RETAIL & AHS DISPLAY GARDEN Open July 1st – August 4th Closed Mon., Open Tues.–Sun. 10am–5pm Or by appointment email: cglilies@rochester.rr.com Phone 585-798-5441 Web: http://www.daylily.net/gardens/cottagegardens We welcome garden tours • Gift Certificates available

COTTAGE CRANBERRY COBBLER ROSS 2019

Visit our greenhouse for seasonal favorites, unique perennials, hanging baskets & garden gifts.

Arts at the Garden, August 17 & 18 Art show/sale plus Sonnenberg Gardens Admission for $10 10 am - 5 pm each day 151 Charlotte Street, Canandaigua, NY 585-394-4922 • www.sonnenberg.org

Seeds to roots to strong shoots! We grow fine perennials!

Northwest Buffalo Tour of Gardens

Black Rock – Riverside – Grant Amherst – West Hertel – North Buffalo

August 2-3, 2019 August 2 & 3:

Starry Night Self Guided Tours

August 3:

Self Guided Tours, Guided Bus Tour Garden Market

1147 Main St. Mumford, NY 14511 • zantopia.com Find us at Facebook and Instagram

Bring in this ad and receive 10% off your total.

Visit

For more information visit

www.BRRAlliance.org

Eagle Bay Gardens

See: 8 acres of gardens Over 2000 hosta varieties Rare trees & shrubs • Unusual perennials Restroom & picnic tables

The King of Ponds

*Hundreds of hosta and other plants for sale

Rt. 20, Sheridan, NY Open most days 11AM–6 PM Sundays 2 PM–6 PM 716 792-7581 or 969-1688 E-Mail: rblydell@gmail.com Web: www.eaglebaygardens.net/index.html

Pudgie’s Lawn & Garden Center

480 Dodge Rd. At exit 3 I-990 Getzville, NY 14068 716.688.9125 arbordale.com

JEFF KOOPUS Cabinet & Chair Maker

We offer:

Weekly Workshops & Kids Crafts on Saturdays 10am–2pm Produce • Garden Art • Local Crafts Honey, Maple Syrup & More • Custom Potted Plants A Wide Variety of Annuals, Perennials, Trees & Shrubs Tools, Soils, Fertilizers, Seeds & More

3646 West Main St., Batavia, NY 14020 Store: 585/343-8352 Office: 585/948-8100 www.pudgieslawnandgarden.com

Coldwater Pond nursery Dwarf Conifers

Flowering Shrubs

Unique Trees

WholeSale & ReTail Hours by Appointment 315-331-8068 • info@coldwaterpond.com coldwaterpond.com 600 S. Marbletown Rd, Phelps, NY 14532

Cross Point Studio 132 Cross Point Road, Edgecomb ME 04556 jskoopus.com • 207/687-2108

Calendar BUFFALO

Niagara Frontier Koi and Pond Club meets the second Friday of the month at 7pm, Zion United Church, 15 Koening Circle, Tonawanda.

REGULAR CLUB MEETINGS

Niagara Frontier Orchid Society (NFOS) meets the first Tuesday following the first Sunday (dates sometimes vary due to holidays, etc.), September–June, Botanical Gardens, 2655 South Park Avenue, Buffalo. niagarafrontierorchids.org.

African Violet & Gesneriad Society of WNY meets the third Tuesday of the month, March—December, at 7pm, Greenfield Health & Rehab Facility, 5949 Broadway, Lancaster. judyoneil1945@gmail.com. Alden Garden Club meets the second Wednesday of the month (except July & August) at 7pm, Alden Community Center, West Main Street, Alden. New members and guests welcome. Plant sale each May. 716/937-7924. Amana Garden Club meets the second Wednesday of the month (except January) at Ebenezer United Church of Christ, 630 Main Street, West Seneca. Visitors welcome. 716/844-8543; singtoo@aol.com. Amherst Garden Club meets the fourth Wednesday of the month (except December, March, July & August) at 10am, St. John’s Lutheran Church, Main Street, Williamsville. New members and guests welcome. 716/836-5397. Bowmansville Garden Club meets the first Monday of the month (except June, July, August & December) at 7pm, Bowmansville Fire Hall, 36 Main Street, Bowmansville. New members and guests welcome. For more information 716/361-8325. Buffalo Area Daylily Society. East Aurora Senior Center, 101 King Street, East Aurora. Friendly group who get together to enjoy daylilies. Plant Sales, May & August. Open Gardens, June–August. August 3: Member Picnic, Chestnut Ridge. August 24: Hosta, Daylily & Iris Sale, see Calendar (below). Facebook. Buffalo Bonsai Society meets the third Wednesday of the month at 7pm, Buffalo Botanical Gardens, 2655 South Park Ave., Buffalo. July 17: Bob Blankfield. buffalobonsaisociety.com. Federated Garden Clubs NYS – District 8. Nancy Kalieta, Director, nancyk212@aol.com. gardenclubsofwny.com. Friends of Kenan Herb Club meets the fourth Monday of the month at 6pm (January–March), 5:30pm (April– November), Kenan Center for the Arts, 433 Locust Street, Lockport. Meeting dates, times and campus locations: kenancenter.org/affiliates.asp; 716/4332617. Garden Club of the Tonawandas meets the third Thursday of the month at 7pm, Tonawanda City Hall, Community Room. Garden Friends of Clarence meets the second Wednesday of the month at 7pm, September–June, Town Park Clubhouse, 10405 Main Street, Clarence. gardenfriendsofclarence@hotmail.com. Hamburg Garden Club meets the second Wednesday of the month at noon, Hamburg Community Center, 107 Prospect Avenue, Hamburg. Summer garden tours. 716/649-6789; lonabutler4@gmail.com. Kenmore Garden Club meets the second Tuesday of the month (except July & August) at 10:00am, Kenmore United Methodist Church, 32 Landers Road, Kenmore. New members and guests welcome. ewpinkposies1@gmail.com. Ken-Sheriton Garden Club meets the second Tuesday of the month (except January) at 7pm, St. Mark’s Lutheran Church, 576 Delaware Road, Kenmore. Monthly programs, artistic design and horticulture displays. New members and guests welcome. 716/833-8799; dstierheim@gmail.com. Lancaster Garden Club meets the second Wednesday of the month (except January, July & August) at 7pm, St. John’s Lutheran Hall, 55 Pleasant Avenue, Lancaster. September 11: Drying Natural Flowers, 6:30pm. October 9: Decorative Wooden Signs, 6:30pm. All are welcome. 716/685-4881. 20 | JULY-AUGUST 2019

Orchard Park Garden Club meets the first Thursday of the month at 12pm, Orchard Park Presbyterian Church, 4369 South Buffalo Street, Orchard Park. Contact: Sandra Patrick, 716/662-2608. Ransomville Garden Club meets the third Wednesday or Saturday of the month at 5:45pm, Ransomville Community Library, 3733 Ransomville Road, Ransomville. Meetings are open to all. Community gardening projects, educational presentations, June plant sale. bbonnie2313@gmail.com. Silver Creek-Hanover Garden Club meets the second Saturday of the month at 2pm, First Baptist Church, 32 Main Street, Silver Creek. Sue Duecker, 716/9347608; duke.sue@roadrunner.com. South Town Gardeners meets the second Friday of the month (except January) at 9:30am, West Seneca. New members welcome. Town and Country Garden Club of LeRoy meets the second Wednesday of the month (except February) at 6:30pm, First Presbyterian Church, 7 Clay Street, LeRoy. New members and guests are welcome. 585/768-2712; ritawallace005@gmail.com; Facebook. Western New York Herb Study Group meets the second Wednesday of the month at 7pm, Buffalo and Erie County Botanical Gardens, 2655 South Park Avenue, Buffalo.

FREQUENT HOSTS BECBG: Buffalo & Erie County Botanical Gardens, 2655 South Park Avenue, Buffalo, NY 14218. 716/827-1584; buffalogardens.com. BMAC: Beaver Meadow Audubon Center, 1610 Welch Road, North Java, NY 14113. 585/4573228; 800/377-1520; buffaloaudubon.org. CCE/EC: Cornell Cooperative Extension, Erie County, 21 South Grove Street, East Aurora, NY 14052. 716/652-5400 x177; mgerie@cornell. edu; erie.cce.cornell.edu. CCE/GC: Cornell Cooperative Extension, Genesee County, 420 East Main Street, Batavia, NY 14020. 585/343-3040; genesee. cce.cornell.edu. REIN: Reinstein Woods Nature Preserve, 93 Honorine Drive, Depew, NY 14043. 716/6835959; dec.ny.gov.

Ongoing through August 20: Oil Painting, Tuesdays, 6–9pm. A different painting will be completed each week. Topics covered include color theory, atmospheric perspective and composition. Beginner through advanced welcome. Materials provided. Per session: $45 members; $50 non-members. Registration required. BECBG July 11: Birds in the Landscape, 6–8pm. Naturalist Mark Carra will present Plants for Birds in which he will discuss the connection between a native garden landscape and the wildlife and pollinators that live locally. $16 members; $18 non-members. Registration required. BECBG

Western New York Honey Producers, Inc. Cornell Cooperative Extension of Erie County, 21 South Grove Street, East Aurora. wnyhpa.org.

July 17: Senior Stroll, 10am. Enjoy a leisurely guided walk through the woods. Adults only. Free. Registration required. REIN

Western New York Hosta Society. East Aurora Senior Center, 101 King Street, East Aurora. Meetings with speakers, newsletter, sales. Hosta teas first Saturday of July, August, September. August 24: Hosta, Daylily & Iris Sale, see Calendar (below). h8staman@aol.com; wnyhosta.com.

T- July 19–20: Ken-Ton Garden Tour – Night Lights, 8:30–11pm. See the gardens illuminated at night. See Ken-Ton Garden Tour (July 20–21, below). Selfguided. Free. kentongardentour.com

Western New York Hosta Society Breakfast Meetings, a friendly get-together, first Saturday (winter months only) at 10am, Forestview Restaurant, Depew. wnyhosta.com. Western NY Iris Society usually meets the first Sunday of the month (when Iris are not in bloom), 1–4pm, at the Lancaster Public Library, 5466 Broadway, Lancaster. Information about acquiring and growing irises (bearded & non-bearded) and complimentary perennials, annual flower show & summer iris sale. Guests welcome. August 24: Hosta, Daylily & Iris Sale, see Calendar (below). 716/837-2285; drsnooks@twc. com. Western New York Rose Society meets the third Wednesday of each month at 7pm, St. StephensBethlehem United Church of Christ, 750 Wehrle Drive, Williamsville. July 17: Q&A Panel, moderated by John Vitale. August 21: Tour Delaware Park Rose Garden, 6pm. wnyrosesociety.net. Youngstown Garden Club meets the second Wednesday of every month at 7pm, First Presbyterian Church, 100 Church Street, Youngstown.

CLASSES / EVENTS F- Indicates activities especially appropriate for children and families. S- Indicates plant sales. T- Indicates garden tours.

July 20: Ghost Pond Fen Walk, 10am–1pm. Naturalist Mark Carra will lead this walk through a unique wetland. Be prepared for wet conditions. $5. Registration required. BMAC F- July 20: The Search for Monarchs, 10:30am. Learn about the monarch butterfly life cycle as the group searches for eggs, caterpillars and adult butterflies. Free. Registration required. REIN July 20: Woods Walk – Nature Guide’s Choice, 1pm. Join a guided nature walk through the woods. Free. No registration required. REIN T- July 20–21: Ken-Ton Garden Tour, 10am–4 pm. Self-guided tour in the Village of Kenmore & Town of Tonawanda. Free. kentongardentour.com. July 25: Botanics & Brews, 6–9pm. Enjoy beverages, food, yard games and live music. Outdoor event. $35 members; $40 non-members. BECBG July 27: Shinrin-Yoku Forest Bathing, 9:30am. Deborah Denome will guide participants on this gentle walk to experience the surrounding sounds, fragrances, textures, tastes and energy. Fee. Registration required. Draves Arboretum, 1821 Sharrick Road, Darien. dravesarboretum@rochester.rr.com. July 27: Arboretum Tour, 1:30pm. Open tour led by Thomas Draves. $12. Registration required. Draves Arboretum, 1821 Sharrick Road, Darien. dravesarboretum@rochester.rr.com. T- July 27–28: GardenWalk Buffalo, 10am–4pm. Self-guided. Free shuttle buses available. Free. gardensbuffaloniagara.com.

August 1: Garden Talk – Sensory Gardens, 12:15– 12:45pm. Presented by Genesee County Master Gardeners. Bring your lunch. Free. CCE/GC T- August 2–3: Northwest Buffalo Tour of Gardens & Starry Night Garden Tour. Friday & Saturday, evening garden tours; Saturday, day-time garden tour. brralliance.org. August 3: Trail Steward Saturday, 10am. Volunteers will remove invasive plants, pick up trash and do whatever else is needed. Registration required. REIN August 3: Woods Walk – Nature Guide’s Choice, 11am. See description under July 20. Free. No registration required. REIN August 8–September 12: Docent Training, Thursdays, 9am–1pm. Docents lead tours, teach hands-on programs and assist with education events. $25 supplies fee. Registration required. BECBG

September 10–12: Food Preservation Workshop. See description under August 13–15. Registration required: Emily Reynolds, eck47@cornell.edu. Cornell Cooperative Extension Chautauqua County, Falconer.

Bloomfield Garden Club meets the third Thursday of the month (except May, July & August) at 11:45am, Veterans Park, 6910 Routes 5 & 20, Bloomfield. New members and guests welcome. 585/657-4489; kjmonrad@frontiernet.net.

SAVE THE DATE…

Bonsai Society of Upstate New York meets the fourth Tuesday of the month at the Brighton Town Park Lodge, Buckland Park, 1341 Westfall Road, Rochester. 585/334-2595; Facebook; bonsaisocietyofupstateny.org.

September 18: Composting for the Home Gardener, 7–8:10pm. Instructor: Emere Nieves. Public: $15 class / $40 for 3 classes; Master Gardeners: $10 class / $25 for 3 classes (see September 10 & 26). Registration required. CCE/EC September 26: Deer Resistant Plants for WNY Gardens, 7–8:10pm. Instructors: Carol Ann Harlos & Lyn Chimera. Public: $15 class / $40 for 3 classes; Master Gardeners: $10 class / $25 for 3 classes (see September 10 & 18). Registration required. CCE/EC

Country Gardeners of Webster meets the second Monday of the month (except Februrary, July & August) at 7pm at various locations. All aspects of gardening covered, outside speakers, projects, visits to local gardens, community gardening involvement. Includes coffee and social time. Guests welcome. 585/265-4762.

August 13–15: Food Preservation Workshop. Learn how to preserve your harvest safely. Topics covered include high acid canning, low acid canning, jam & jelly making and preserving, quick pickles and fermented products, freezing and dehydration. Instructors: Judy Price and Diane Whitten, CCE Home Food Preservation experts. Registration required: Amanda Henning, app27@cornell.edu. Cornell Cooperative Extension Niagara County, Lockport.

November 16: Christmas Open House. Lockwood’s Greenhouses, 4484 Clark Street, Hamburg. 716/6494684; weknowplants.com.

Creative Gardeners of Penfield meets the second Monday of the month at 9:15am (except July & August), Penfield United Methodist Church, 1795 Baird Road, Penfield. Visitors welcome. Call 585/3852065 if interested in attending a meeting.

ITHACA

Fairport Garden Club meets the third Thursday evening of each month (except August & January). Accepting new members. fairportgc@gmail.com; fairportgardenclub.com.

August 15: Plein Air Drawing: Art in the Woods, 2pm. Guided art session in the woods. For adults & children ages 5 and older. Free. Registration required. REIN

Adirondack Chapter, North American Rock Garden Society (ACNARGS) meets the third Saturday of the month (except in summer) at 1pm, Whetzel Room, 404 Plant Science Building, Cornell University, Ithaca. Meetings are open to all. 607/269-7070; acnargs.org; Facebook.com/acnargs.

August 17: Forest Bathing, 9:30–11:30am. Connect with nature during this walk led by Jennifer Fendya, certified forest therapist. Adults only. $10. Registration required. REIN F- August 17: Beaver Meadow Botany, 10am–12pm. The group will survey the various plant habitats in the preserve. Family friendly although it will be a long hike. $5. Registration required. BMAC August 17: Woods Walk – Nature Guide’s Choice, 1pm. See description under July 20. Free. No registration required. REIN August 21: Senior Stroll, 10am. See description under July 17. Adults only. Free. Registration required. REIN S- August 24: Hosta, Daylily & Iris Sale, 9am–2pm. Presented by: Western New York Hosta Society, Buffalo Area Daylily Society & Western NY Iris Society. Members will be on hand to answer questions. BECBG F- August 24: Pollinators at Knox, 10am–12pm. Join naturalist Mark Carra at Knox Farm State Park to look for, capture and release pollinators and learn about their natural history. Nets supplied. Donations accepted. Registration required. BMAC

REGULAR CLUB MEETINGS

Auraca Herbarists, an herb study group, usually meets the second Tuesday of the month at noon, Cornell Botanic Gardens, Ithaca. Brownbag lunch at noon followed by the program and herb of the month. Field trips during the growing season. All are welcome. Contact: Pat Curran, pc21@cornell.edu. Elmira Garden Club meets the first Thursday of the month, April–December, at 6pm, 426 Fulton Street, Elmira. Annual plant sale, workshops, monthly meetings, local garden tours and community gardening services. Karen Coletta, 607/731-8320; Facebook. Finger Lakes Native Plant Society meets the third Wednesday of the month at 7pm, Unitarian Church annex, corner of Buffalo & Aurora, Ithaca. Enter side door on Buffalo Street & up the stairs. 607/257-4853. Windsor NY Garden Group meets the second and fourth Tuesdays of the month at 10am, members’ homes or Windsor Community House, 107 Main Street, Windsor. windsorgardengroup.suerambo.com.

September 5: Garden Talk – Growing Garlic, 12:15– 12:45pm. Presented by Genesee County Master Gardeners. Bring your lunch. Free. CCE/GC

ROCHESTER

S- September 7: Fall Garden Gala, 10am–1pm. Indoor and outdoor plants, including mums. Auction, free soil pH testing. Presented by Genesee County Master Gardeners. CCE/GC

REGULAR CLUB MEETINGS

September 7: Fall Garden Fair. Lockwood’s Greenhouses, 4484 Clark Street, Hamburg. 716/6494684; weknowplants.com. September 7: Landscape Solutions with Native Plants. BMAC September 10: Ecological Lawn Care, 7–8:10pm. Instructors: Brian Eshenaur, Cornell University Healthy Lawn Care Program & Jane Vohwinkel. Public: $15 class / $40 for 3 classes; Master Gardeners: $10 class / $25 for 3 classes (see September 18 & 26). Registration required. CCE/EC

Garden Club of Brockport meets the second Wednesday of every month at 7pm, Jubilee Church, 3565 Lake Road, Brockport. Speakers, hands-on sessions. Georgie: 585/964-7754; georgietoates@ yahoo.com. Garden Club of Mendon meets the third Tuesday of the month, 10am–1pm, Mendon Community Center, 167 North Main Street, Honeoye Falls. Work on community gardens and gather new ideas in a casual, social environment. 585/624-8182; joanheaney70@ gmail.com. Garden Path of Penfield meets the third Wednesday of the month, September–May at 7pm, Penfield Community Center, 1985 Baird Road, Penfield. Members enjoy all aspects of gardening; new members welcome. gardenpathofpenfield@gmail. com. Gates Garden Club meets the second Thursday of the month (except July & August) at 6:30pm, Gates Town Annex, 1605 Buffalo Road, Rochester. New members and guests welcome. 585/429-5996; may@gmail.com. Genesee Region Orchid Society (GROS) meets the first Monday following the first Sunday of the month (September–December; February–May), Jewish Community Center, 1200 Edgewood Avenue, Rochester. GROS is an affiliate of the American Orchid Society (AOS) and Orchid Digest Corporation. facebook.com/geneseeorchid; geneseeorchid.org. Genesee Valley Hosta Society meets the second Thursday of the month, April–October, at Eli Fagan American Legion Post, 260 Middle Road, Henrietta. 585/538-2280; sebuckner@frontiernet.net; geneseevalleyhosta.com.

7th District Federated Garden Clubs New York State, Inc. meets the first Wednesday of the month. 7thdistrictfgcnys.org.

Greater Rochester Iris Society (GRIS) meets Sundays at 2pm, dates vary, St. John’s Episcopal Church Hall, 11 Episcopal Avenue, Honeoye Falls. August 10–11: Rhizome Sale, see Calendar (below). September 9: Beardless Iris. Public welcome. 585/266-0302; thehutchings@mac.com.

African Violet and Gesneriad Society of Rochester meets the first Wednesday of the month (except in summer), 7–9pm, Messiah Church, 4301 Mount Read Blvd., Rochester. September 4: African Violet Boot Camp. All are welcome. Stacey Davis, 585/426-5665; stacey.davis@rit.edu; avgsr.org.

Greater Rochester Perennial Society (GRPS) meets the first Thursday of each month at 7pm, Twelve Corners Presbyterian Church Fellowship Hall, 1200 South Winton Road, Rochester, except in summer when it tours members’ gardens. 585/467-1678; smag@ rochester.rr.com; rochesterperennial.com.

Big Springs Garden Club of Caledonia-Mumford meets the second Monday evening of the month, September–November, January–May. New members and guests welcome. 585/314-6292; mdolan3@ rochester.rr.com; Facebook.

Greater Rochester Rose Society meets the first Tuesday of the month at 7pm, First Unitarian Church, 220 Winton Road South, Room 110, Rochester. July meeting is a garden tour. 585/694-8430; rochrosesociety@gmail.com; Facebook. UPSTATE GARDENERS’ JOURNAL | 21

Calendar ROCHESTER cont. Henrietta Garden Club meets the second Wednesday of the month (except May–August & December) at 6:30pm, Henrietta Recreation Center, 605 Calkins Road, Henrietta. Guests welcome. Handicap accessible. 585/889-1547; henriettagardenclub@ gmail.com; henriettagardenclub.org. Holley Garden Club meets the second Thursday of the month at 7pm, Holley Presbyterian Church. 585/6386973. Hubbard Springs Garden Club of Chili meets the third Monday of the month at 7pm, Chili Senior Center, 3235 Chili Avenue, Rochester. dtoogood@rochester. rr.com. Ikebana International Rochester Chapter 53 meets the third Thursday of each month (except December and February) at 10am, First Baptist Church, Hubbell Hall, 175 Allens Creek Road, Rochester. August 15: Hijiri Ikenobo Ikebana Demonstration and Workshop, $5; $3 audit. August 15: Learn Ikebana, 7–9pm, see Calendar (below). September 19: Ichiyo School of Ikebana Demonstration and Workshop, $5; $3 audit. 585/301-6727; 585/402-1772; rochesterikebana@ gmail.com; ikebanarochester.org. Kendall Garden Club meets the first Wednesday of the month at 7pm, Kendall Town Hall. 585/ 370-8964. Klemwood Garden Club of Webster meets the 2nd Monday of the month at 7pm (except January & February) in members’ homes or local libraries. Accepting new members. 585/671-1961. Lakeview Garden Club (Greece) meets the second Wednesday of the month (except January & February) at 7pm, meeting location varies depending on activity. Meetings may include a speaker, project or visits to local garden-related sites. New members always welcome. Joanne Ristuccia; rista1234@gmail.com. Newark Garden Club meets the first Friday of the month at 1pm, Park Presbyterian Church, Newark. Guests are welcome. Pittsford Garden Club meets the third Tuesday of the month at 11am, Pittsford Public Library, Fisher Meeting Room, 24 State Street, Pittsford, except in July & August when it visits members’ gardens. 585/425-0766; BKRU888@aol.com; pittsfordgardenclub.wordpress.com. Rochester Dahlia Society meets the second Saturday of the month (except August & September) at 12pm, Trinity Reformed Church, 909 Landing Road North, Rochester. Visitors welcome. September 14–15: Dahlia Show, see Calendar (below). 585/865-2291; Facebook; rochesterdahlias.org. Rochester Herb Society meets the first Tuesday of each month (excluding January, February & July) at 12pm, Potter Memorial Building, 53 West Church Street, Fairport. Summer garden tours. New members welcome. rochesterherbsociety.com. Rochester Permaculture Center meets monthly to discuss topics such as edible landscapes, gardening, farming, renewable energy, green building, rainwater harvesting, composting, local food, forest gardening, herbalism, green living, etc. Meeting location and details: meetup.com/rochesterpermaculture. Seabreeze Bloomers Garden Club meets the fourth Wednesday of the month (except January) at 7pm, location varies depending on activity. Meetings may include a speaker, project or visit to local garden-related site. Members receive a monthly newsletter. New members welcome. 585/342-8653; bonniearnold@frontiernet.net or 585/342-3021; jen@ adaras.com. Stafford Garden Club meets the third Wednesday of the month (except December & January) at 7pm, Stafford Town Hall, 8903 Morganville Road (Route 237), Stafford. Plant auction in May. All are welcome. 585/343-4494. 22 | JULY-AUGUST 2019

Victor Garden Club meets the second Wednesday of the month (except January & February) at 6:30/6:45pm. New members welcome. Meeting and location details: victorgardenclubny2.com; 585/7215457. Williamson Garden Club. On-going community projects; free monthly lectures to educate the community about gardening. Open to all. 315/524-4204; grow14589@gmail.com; growthewilliamsongardenclub.blogspot.com.

FREQUENT HOST BGC: Broccolo Garden Center, 2755 Penfield Road, Fairport 14450. 585/424-4476; info@ broccologroup.com.

CLASSES / EVENTS F- Indicates activities especially appropriate for children and families. S- Indicates plant sales. T- Indicates garden tours. Ongoing through January 5: Woven – Photo Gallery. Artist Tanya Marcuse’s photographs, each five feet high by ten feet wide, feature flora and fauna gathered from her immediate surroundings and composed into arrangements of tightly compacted plant, animal and mineral findings in an abstract manner. George Eastman Museum, 900 East Avenue, Rochester. 585/327-4800; eastman.org. S- July 14: Daylily Sale & Display Garden, 8am–12pm. Over 40 varieties for sale plus some perennials. See over 200 daylilies during peak bloom in the display garden. Webster Arboretum, 1700 Schlegel Road, Webster. websterarboretum.org. July 17: Get-Together in a Unique Penfield Garden, 6:30–8pm. This property’s backyard opens up to a large central bed with paths through summer shrubs, grasses, perennials, garden art and a koi pond containing water plants, fountains and a biofilter stream. Presented by Flower City Garden Network. Members only. Free for members and a guest. Registration required. flowercitygardennetwork@ gmail.com. T- July 20: Backyard Habitat Tour, 9am–4pm.Tour seven gardens in Fairport, Victor, Rochester & Brighton. Self-paced. Ticket includes booklet with directions, garden photos & stories. $15 members; $20 nonmembers. Rain or shine. Tickets: Wegmans That’s The Ticket locations & Genesee Land Trust. 585/256-2130; info@geneseelandtrust.org; geneseelandtrust.org. July 24: The Artful Path – The Art of Pollinators, 5:30–7:30pm. Theme-related guided walk of the grounds followed by a talk and time to draw or journal. Includes a sample pollinator seed packet. $20. Registration required. BGC July 25: Daylily Garden Open House, 4–7pm. Cobbs Hill Daylily Garden (a National Display Garden), Charlie and Judy Zettek, 1 Hillside Avenue, Rochester. 585/461-3317 July 28: Daylily Garden Open House, 1–5pm. Cobbs Hill Daylily Garden (a National Display Garden), Charlie and Judy Zettek, 1 Hillside Avenue, Rochester. 585/461-3317. August 3: Daylily Garden Open House, 1–5pm. Cobbs Hill Daylily Garden (a National Display Garden), Charlie and Judy Zettek, 1 Hillside Avenue, Rochester. 585/461-3317. F- August 6: Pop-Up Creations – Summer Theme, 6–8pm. Tickety-Boo Creative workshop in which participants will handcraft seasonal 3D works of art. Includes supplies & tools. Ages 12–100. $35. Registration required. BGC

August 7: The Artful Path – The Art of Flying Insects, 5:30–7:30pm. See description under July 24. $20. Registration required. BGC August 10: Leaf Casting, 10–11:30am. Create natural leaf castings for multi-purpose use or display. $20. Registration required. BGC S- August 10–11: Iris Rhizome Sale, 10am–4pm. Presented by Greater Rochester Iris Society. New & hardy varieties for sale. Members will be on hand to answer questions. Bristol’s Garden Center, 7454 Victor-Pittsford Road, Victor. thehutchings@mac.com. August 15: Learn Ikebana, 7–9pm. Learn the Japanese art of flower arranging. Containers will be available to borrow. Floral materials included. Presented by Ikebana International Rochester Chapter. Location: First Baptist Church Hubbell Hall, 175 Allens Creek Road, Rochester. $15. Registration required. ikebanarochester@gmail.com. August 21: The Artful Path – The Art of Monarchs & Milkweed, 5:30–7:30pm. See description under July 24. $20. Registration required. BGC F- September 10: Pop-Up Creations – Fall Theme, 6–8pm. See description under August 6. $35. Registration required. BG September 14: Create A Natural Fall Wreath, 10– 11:30am. Participants will use local dried flowers and grasses to create their own wreath. $15. Registration required. BGC September 14: The Artful Path – The Art of Migrating Birds, 1–3pm. See description under July 24. $20. Registration required. BGC September 14–15: Dahlia Show, 10am. Presented by Rochester Dahlia Society. Arrangements will also be for sale. Bristol’s Garden Center, 7454 Route 96, Victor. rochesterdahlias.org. September 19: Pressed Flower Art, 6–7:30pm. Learn how to layer natural dried cuttings to make an 8x10-inch framed wall hanging. Location: Rochester Brainery, 176 Anderson Ave, Rochester. $30. Registration required. BGC

SYRACUSE REGULAR CLUB MEETINGS African Violet Society of Syracuse meets the second Thursday of the month, September–May, Pitcher Hill Community Church, 605 Bailey Road, North Syracuse. 315/492-2562; kgarb@twcny.rr.com; avsofsyracuse.org. Bonsai Club of CNY (BCCNY) usually meets the second Wednesday of the month at 7pm, Pitcher Hill Community Church, 605 Bailey Road, North Syracuse. 315/436-0135; lnewell1@gmail.com; cnybonsai.com. Central New York Orchid Society meets the first Sunday of the month, September–May, St. Augustine’s Church, 7333 O’Brien Road, Baldwinsville. Dates may vary due to holidays. October 5–6: Show & Sale, see Calendar (below). 315/633-2437; cnyos.org. Fairmount Garden Club meets the third Thursday of the month (March–November) at 6:30pm, Camillus Senior Center, 25 First Street, Camillus. Speakers & community projects. July 18: Picnic at Erie Canal, 6pm, 5750 Devoe Road, Camillus. August 15: Elderberry Pond Tour & Lunch, 11am, 3712 Center Street Road, Auburn, lunch info: 315/729-3297. All are welcome. tooley.susan@yahoo.com. Federated Garden Clubs NYS – District 6. October 14–16: Flower Show School – Course 4, see Calendar (below). 315/481-4005; dist6fss@gmail.com. Gardening Friends Club meets the third Tuesday of the month, March–December, at 6:30pm, Wesleyan Church, 4591 US Route 11, Pulaski. 315/298-1276; Facebook: Gardening Friends of Pulaski, NY; VicLaDeeDa@frontiernet.net.

Gardeners of Syracuse meets the third Thursday of each month at 7:30pm, Reformed Church of Syracuse, 1228 Teall Avenue, Syracuse. Enter from Melrose Avenue. 315/464-0051.

of each month, February–November, LaFayette Community Center, 2508 US Route 11, LaFayette. Some meetings are off site. Cathy Nagel, 315/6779342; cen42085@aol.com.

Gardeners in Thyme (a women’s herb club) meets the second Thursday of the month at 7pm, Beaver Lake Nature Center, Baldwinsville. 315/635-6481; hbaker@ twcny.rr.com.

Syracuse Rose Society meets the second Thursday of the month (except December) at 7pm, Reformed Church of Syracuse, 1228 Teall Avenue, Syracuse. Enter from Melrose Avenue. Club members maintain the E. M. Mills Memorial Rose Garden, Thornden Park, Syracuse. Public welcome. syracuserosesociety.org.

Habitat Gardening in CNY (HGCNY) meets the last Sunday of most months at 2pm. Northern Onondaga Public Library, North Syracuse Branch, 100 Trolley Barn Lane, N. Syracuse. HGCNY is a chapter of Wild Ones: Native Plants, Natural Landscapes; wildones. org. Free and open to the public. 315/487-5742; info@hgcny.org; hgcny.org. Home Garden Club of Syracuse usually meets the first Tuesday morning of the month. Members are active in educating the community about gardening, horticulture & floral design and involved with several civic projects in the Syracuse area. New members welcome. homegardenclubofsyracuse@gmail.com; homegardenclubofsyracuse.org. Koi and Water Garden Society of Central New York usually meets the third Monday of each month at 7pm. See website for meeting locations. 315/4583199; cnykoi.com. Men and Women’s Garden Club of Syracuse meets the third Thursday of the month at 7:30pm, Reformed Church of Syracuse, 1228 Teall Avenue, Syracuse. Meetings feature guest speakers on a variety of gardening and related topics. Members maintain gardens at Rosemond Gifford Zoo & Ronald McDonald House. Annual spring & fall flower shows. 315/699-7942; Facebook. Southern Hills Garden Club meets the third Tuesday

CLASSES / EVENTS July 17–18: Bus Trip to Cape Cod Hydrangea Festival. Travel to Sandwich, Massachusetts, for the festival as well as a visit to Heritage Museum & Gardens with 100 acres of trees, shrubs, designed gardens and lawns. Accommodations, Dan’l Webster Inn. Includes transportation, accommodations, one lunch, one breakfast, admission to museum & festival. $370 per person, double occupancy; $499 single. Advance registration required. Ballantyne Gardens, 4825 Hopkins Road, Liverpool. 315/453-0621; ballantynegardens.com.

October 14–16: National Garden Clubs Flower Show School – Course 4. Hosted by Federated Garden Clubs of NYS, District 6 Judges Council. Location: Dewitt. Registration required. Sharon Vazquez, 315/481-4005; dist6fss@gmail.com.

& BEYOND CLASSES / EVENTS September 17–19: Food Preservation Workshop. Learn how to preserve your harvest safely. Topics covered include high acid canning, low acid canning, jam & jelly making and preserving, quick pickles and fermented products, freezing and dehydration. Instructors: Judy Price and Diane Whitten, CCE Home Food Preservation experts. Registration required: Linda Gillilland, llg46@cornell.edu. Cornell Cooperative Extension Essex County, Willsboro. Deadline for Calendar Listings for the next issue (September–October 2019) is Friday, August 9, 2019. Please send your submissions to deb@upstategardenersjournal.com.

T- July 20: Master Gardener Tour, 10am–2pm. Five Master Gardeners will open their gardens to the public, showcasing a variety of garden styles and plantings. Information & map: cceonondaga.org. $5 one garden; $10 all five. Master Gardeners of Onondaga County, 315/424-9485 x236.

SAVE THE DATE… October 5–6: Orchid Show & Sale, Saturday, 12–5pm; Sunday, 10am–4pm. Presented by Central New York Orchid Society. Beaver Lake Nature Center, Baldwinsville. Parking fee. 315/633-2437; cnyos.org.

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From the Garden

Crispy Egg Roll Cups INGREDIENTS 1 package egg roll wrappers Cooking spray Extra-large muffin pan or four ceramic ramekins DIRECTIONS

Summer’s Best Chicken Salad by Ellen Adams Serves 4 INGREDIENTS 2 ½ cups diced, cooked chicken 1 cup finely chopped celery 1 cup seedless grapes, halved 1 cup chopped walnuts, almonds or pecans (optional) ½ cup onion, chopped finely ½ teaspoon salt 1 teaspoon Worcestershire sauce ½ cup mayonnaise DIRECTIONS

1. Combine all ingredients and fold together. 2. Serve in egg roll cups, in lettuce cups, in a sandwich, or with crackers.

Ellen Adams is a personal chef in the Webster area. She is a military veteran and was a contestant on the Food Network cooking show “Chopped!” She leads a program for fellow veterans called Cooking with Heroes, which provides participants the opportunity to learn to prepare

CLASSIFIEDS PAPERBARK MAPLE. World’s most beautiful maple. Due to health, must sell specimen 8-year trees 5 to 8 feet. Three-year trees 2 to 3 feet just $10. Fifteen varieties deer-proof ferns. New “Shuttlecock” fern. Bloodgood and coral bark Japanese maples, mimosas, hostas. Wholesale prices. Call Howard Ecker at 585-671-2397 for appointment. DAYLILIES. Daylilies are outstanding, carefree perennials. We grow and sell over 225 top-rated award-winning varieties in many colors and sizes in our Rochester garden. We are also an official national daylily society display garden. We welcome visitors to see the flowers in bloom from June to September. Call 585/461-3317. PURE, NATURAL, LOCAL HONEY. Award-winning small scale apiary by Lake Ontario. SeawayTrailHoney.com 585-820-6619

Using extra-large muffin pan 1. Preheat oven to 400 degrees. 2. Spray muffin pan with cooking spray and place one egg roll wrapper into each hole and press down lightly to form a cup. 3. Spray the wrapper again with cooking spray to promote browning. 4. Bake for about 7 to 10 minutes or until crispy and browned. 5. Carefully remove cups from muffin pan and let cool. Using ceramic ramekins 1. Preheat oven to 400 degrees. 2. Place ramekins upside down on a cookie sheet. 3. Spray the bottom and sides of the ramekins with cooking spray. 4. Lay an egg roll wrapper over each ramekin and mold with your fingers to form a cup. 5. Spray the wrapper again with cooking spray to promote browning. 6. Bake for about 7 to 10 minutes or until crispy and browned. 7. Remove cups from the ramekin and let cool. 8. Repeat to make four more cups.

nutritionally complete, cost-efficient, and delicious meals using fresh produce, partially sourced from the EquiCenter farm in Honeoye Falls, where it is housed.

From the Publisher Hello, there! Thank you for reading the Upstate Gardeners’ Journal! This issue’s theme is “Preserving the Harvest.” Look for this handy symbol for special content! Please thank advertisers that enable us to bring you this publication— and have done so since 1995.

Backyard Habitat

Gardening for Butterflies by Liz Magnanti

s the weather warms up, insects, including butterflies, begin to grow in numbers. Now is a great time to add plants to your landscape to encourage these beautiful creatures! Along with butterflies, certain plants can also attract hummingbirds and other beneficial pollinators to your garden! When gardening for butterflies it is important to plant for all stages of their lifecycle. Butterflies, like all insects, start their life cycle out as an egg. That egg hatches into a caterpillar, then the caterpillar eats and eats until it pupates and forms a chrysalis. Out of that chrysalis hatches the adult butterfly. Nectar plants are important for the adults, but what’s also important is having plants that the butterflies will lay their eggs on and the caterpillars will eat. These plants are called host plants, and every butterfly garden should have them. Herbs like dill, fennel, and parsley, along with Queen Anne’s lace, are host plants for the black swallowtail. This butterfly lays a small orange egg on these plants and the caterpillar hatches out about a week later. The caterpillar starts out small and black but will eventually grow to be a beautiful green color with black stripes and yellow polka dots. If you have an herb garden be on the lookout for the eggs and caterpillars before harvesting. Other swallowtail species in the area include the tiger swallowtail, which will lay its eggs on magnolia and poplar trees, and the spicebush swallowtail, which will lay its eggs on spicebush and sassafras trees. If you grow lettuce, cabbage, or broccoli you may find the leaves being eaten by a small green caterpillar that blends in very well with the leaves. This is the caterpillar of the cabbage white butterfly. This is one of the most common butterflies you will find in our area, and that is because the caterpillar will feed on a variety of host plants, many of which are very common. This butterfly was introduced from Europe in the 1860s and has spread ever since. You can identify males from females in this species: Males have a single black spot on their wings, and females have two. Milkweeds are probably the most commonly planted butterfly plants. Not only do their blooms produce nectar for grown butterflies, but the monarch butterfly relies on milkweed plants, and milkweed plants alone, for survival. Common milkweed, swamp milkweed, and butterfly weed are all milkweed species found in our area. The common milkweed can spread very easily, so butterfly weed and swamp milkweed are the best choices for a backyard. Be on the lookout in your garden for black swallowwort, which occupies the same habitat as milkweed. Monarchs sometimes lay their eggs on it, but the plant gives no nutrition to the caterpillars, so they do not survive. This plant is highly invasive and should be removed if you find it in your garden. It is so invasive that it should be bagged up in a garbage bag and thrown away, never composted.

There are some butterfly host plants that are quite inconspicuous. You may have them already and not know it. False nettle and hops are host plants to the eastern comma and question mark butterflies. These butterflies get their names from a small white marking on their wings which either looks like a question mark or comma depending on the species. Plantain, commonly found among lawns, is a host plant to the common buckeye. Violets, which can grow rampant in gardens, are a host plant to fritillary butterflies, and clover is a host to the clouded sulphur. Oak and willow trees are also common host plants for butterflies, and the very impressive giant silk moths. Butterfly feeders, houses, and puddlers are also available to help attract butterflies to a garden. Butterfly feeders hold nectar and fruit. They sometimes look similar to a hummingbird feeder, but the nectar is provided to the butterfly with a wick that goes from the nectar reservoir to the outside of the feeder. Because butterflies have a delicate proboscis, they can’t always dip it straight into a nectar feeder but instead need to dap at a wick or sponge. Butterflies will also eat rotting fruit which can be put on the top of these feeders. Butterfly houses don’t attract butterflies like a bird house would, instead they are used to house hibernating butterflies. Some butterflies, like the mourning cloak, will hibernate as an adult butterfly. This is why on a warm winter day you may see one flying, even with snow covering the ground. These butterflies look for small cervices to wedge into for the winter. A butterfly house can provide this habitat, especially if it is filled with grasses and sticks. Butterfly puddlers probably the best way to attract butterflies to a garden. They can be as simple as a small birdbath or dish, filled with small pebbles, rocks, sand and dirt. They should be kept moist. Butterflies, especially male butterflies, will land on the dish and siphon up minerals from the dirt, sand or rocks. The red admiral, a common migratory butterfly, can often be found exhibiting this behavior. Nectar-producing plants will attract adult butterflies, bees and also hummingbirds! Some great nectar-producing plants for butterflies include Joe Pye weed, butterfly bush, iron weed, phlox, milkweeds, goldenrod, asters, lantana and coneflowers. Hummingbirds and butterflies will both actively come to blazing star, columbine, cardinal flower, bee balm and salvias. When planting for butterflies, native plants are always best, plus they require less upkeep. Remember to stay away from pesticides, as they will kill all insects, not just the ones you are trying to get rid of. And, ultimately, messy is good! Gardens that are allowed to grow a little wild are often the best places for butterflies to lay their eggs, pupate and nectar on flowers. Liz Magnanti is the manager of the Bird House in Pittsford.

TOP TO BOTTOM: Black swallowtail. Photo courtesy Flickr: Joshua Mayer Monarch. Photo courtesy Flickr: Anthony Sokolik Mourning cloak. Photo courtesy Flickr: Robb Hannawacker Cabbage white. Photo courtesy Flickr: Robb Hannawacker Red admiral. Photo courtesy Wikipedia: Didier Descouens

UPSTATE GARDENERS’ JOURNAL | 25

Cathy's Crafty Corner

Flower Press by Cathy Monrad

dibles are not the only “fruits of our labor” we can preserve. Four thousand years ago, dried flowers, each chosen for a specific symbolic meaning, were presented in Egyptian funeral ceremonies. Oshibana, the art of using pressed flowers to create a picture, dates back to 16th century Japan. Modern preservation techniques include the use of silica gel, freeze drying, and molecular sieve, a material that absorbs water to dehydrate the plant. According to floranext.com, displaying dried flowers is popular again. Arrangements and wreaths, as well as framed or shadow-box art created with dried and pressed flora are hot décor items. As a fresh spin on this trend, clear cell phone cases that can display pressed flowers are popular among Millennials.

Step 2 INSTRUCTIONS 1. Cut wood to desired size (your local hardware store may offer this service) or use pre-cut pieces—I found pre-sanded 8x10 inch plywood boards in a local craft store. 2. Stack both pieces of wood, then clamp or tape together. With pencil, make a mark on top board in each corner, 1 inch from each edge. 3. With ¼ inch bit, drill a hole through both boards in each corner where marked. 4. Remove clamps or tape, then set bottom board aside. On top board only, use drill with 5 ⁄16 inch bit to enlarge the ¼ inch holes. 5. Use sandpaper to smooth off any rough edges on top and bottom boards. 26 | JULY-AUGUST 2019

Step 3

Step 9

6. If you wish to paint or stain your project, do so at this time. Let dry according to material instruction. 7. Use an X-acto knife to cut multiple cardboard pieces about ¼ inch shorter in length and width than your boards. Repeat with watercolor paper. Each layer consists of two pieces of paper, then a piece of cardboard is placed between the layers. For example, six layers requires 12 pieces of paper and five pieces of cardboard. 8. Use x-acto knife to notch all corners of each piece of paper and cardboard to fit inside bolts. 9. Use screwdriver to afix bolts to bottom board until heads are snug. 10. Lay a piece of paper

MATERIALS 2 equal size pieces of wood 4 each: ¼ inch carriage bolts at least 2 inches long, washers, wing nuts Cardboard Watercolor paper (or white paper) Paint or stain (optional) Flowers and leaves TOOLS Saw (optional) Pencil Ruler or t-square Clamps or painter’s tape Drill with ¼ and 5⁄ 16 inch bits Sandpaper X-acto knife Screwdriver

Step 10

on bottom board, then add plant material. Lay a second piece of paper on top of plant material followed by a piece of cardboard. Repeat the paper, plants, paper, cardboard pattern. The final paper layer will not need a piece of cardboard on top. 11. Slide the top board onto the bolts, then add a washer to each bolt. Thread a wing nut onto each bolt and tighten evenly to create uniform pressure. 12. Leave press undisturbed for at least 30 days before removing and using pressed material.

Cathy Monrad is the graphic designer and garden crafter for the Upstate Gardeners’ Journal.

Step 11

PRESSING TIPS – Collect plant material on dry days after midmorning when dew has evaporated, and place in press before they begin to wilt.

– When placing plant material, keep items from overlapping, otherwise when they dry they will be stuck together permanently.

DESIGNER IDEA

I decided to spruce up my press and display it when not serving its true purpose. Some stain and a piece of botanical scrapbook paper transformed this tool into a pretty addition to my living room décor.

Fro

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Upstate Gardeners' Journal July-August 2019

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