fires_and_cooking

Page 1

fire naada

Tha kind of fire naadad for cooking

^^^#^^; S

the ability of tha tottildars.

- Construction of firaplaca and firea. - Reparation of food.

- A ltiauraly awl.

- Proptr and thorou^i cl«an-up«

6. J SLTMuffUM with «.t.r 1- c««-l«t control flaata.

9.

building or tanding a firt. J44.4^ Ptot holdara ahould ba larga and in good oondition Oran mitta ahould ba in good aoadition alao.

to Bttild ^

s WMjrtwas^e "SS S that grow quiokly giraa a quick, hot fira.

; found.tl« fir. - Us. thm Hm» of klndOl-s to f« * A -

sr ling «nd wood until you hava the daairad fira.

16-17 9.

buriad.

TTtaaiir of fira ahould ba buriad or

Uaa juat anou^i fual for your cooking naada.


Firebuilding and Methods of Cooking

How to Build a Fire Using Charcoal

1.

Use small twigs, tiny trench candles or fire starters to begin.

Put the

charcoal on_ top of this•

2.

Light the fire starter or twigs and add charcoal as the fire catches.

Blow at base if necessary.

3.

When the fire is ready, charcoal will be grey-white in daylight, red at

k. To^xtinguish fire, cover with sand or dirt or water. The charcoal can be dried out and used again.

5.

Keep charcoal in a dry place between using.

It absorbs moisture, and is

hard to light when damp.

6.

Quick method to start the charcoal - use a charcoal chimney placed wher

ever your fire is to be built. Using a #10 can remove the top and bottom of it. Punch holes around the bottom with a beer can opener. layer fire

barters and charcoal in can. light starters. C^la should ignite rapidly. When charcoal is ready, remove chimney with pliers.

Warning:

it will be

very hot.

How to Build a Fire Using Paper

Newspapers may be used to make a fire which will cook food.

erable smoke, but is usable and inexpensive.

It produces consid

The fuel is made by any of the following methods: 1. 2.

Roll paper tightly, soak in water, let dry. Roll paper, soak in water, twist tightly, let dry.

3.

Soak paper in water, make into tightly compressed balls, let dry.

Fire Starters

1

Fudgies or fire kisses - cover bottom of cake pan with sawdust.

candle ends or paraffin. or three eighths inch.

Melt

Pour over sawdust to a depth ?*««*£*«

When hard, cut in squares.

Fack in aluminum

2. ^eak^p^p^asket into splinters about 2 inches long. Tie in small bundles! Dip in melted candle ends or paraffin.

When dry pack in alum

inum foil or a tin box. Small pieces of waxed cartons.

3.

How to Make Trench Candles

Place a narrow strip of cloth or twisted string (for a wick)

on the end of 6 to 10 layers of newspaper. Roll paper *i«Jtly» leaving 3A" of wick extending at each end. Tie roll firmly with string at *f" to 6" intervals.

Cut one inch above each tied place

and cut sections into cone shape. Pull center string to^top of cone to serve as wick.-Soak cut sections in melted was. Wn«n^

thoroughly dry these trench candles make excellent fuel to use under tin can stoves. Bits 'of candles are also practical to use as tinder for starting fires when wood is damp.

16-16

!\

*-*


HOW TO MAKE A BUDDY BURNER

Select a small tin caxTthat will fit inside your tin can stove (a tuna fish or small

salmon can is an excellent size).

Take a

cardboard strip VVÂť wider than the height of the can and roll it into a coil that fits loosely into the can. Pour melted

wax or paraffin to fill the can and let it harden. The coil of cardboard should extend over the whole surface so that, when lighted, the flame will burn over the en tire area.

HOW TO MAKE A TIN CAN STOVE

With a pair of tin shears, cut two openings in a #10 can, one for fuel and one for a

chimney (see illustration).

3e sure to

burn and wipe lacquer off top of can before using it for cooking. Handle with care when hot.

HOW TO MAKE A CHARCCAL STOVE

Use #10 can. Cut top of can cut. Use beer can opener and make two holes on either side of can to be used to secure wire for the handle.

Make holes around bottom of can

for draft.

Cut wire mesh approximately 6"

x 8", bend ends under about 3" on each side.

This is done to make the mesh stand in can thus allowing draft underneath charcoal which is placed on mesh.

Fire can be put out safely and quickly by pouring water on partially burned charcoal* Let dry and reuse*

SAFETY FOR USE OF CHARCOAL STOVES & BUDDY BURNERS

At least three feet should be allowed between stoves or burners. The ground where they are used should be level and clear of dried leaves and twigs. Stoves may be very hot. Do not move unless with heavy pot holders or pliers. HOW TO MAKE A REFLECTOR OVEN

The reflector oven may be purchased from most stores carrying camp equipment. However it is often much more fun to make your own.

The following ideas may

help you create your own oven:

- Cut in half diagonally and line a cardboard box with aluminum foil, shiny

side out.

Place green sticks or wires from side to side in the middle of

the box to make a shelf - cover it with foil.

Brace the box at the front

and back with rocks or sticks so it won't move.

- Take a sheet of heavy aluminum foil about 20" by lV\ Fold in half. Open up to form a right angle. Fit two pieces of-foil into each open end of the large piece of foil. Fold together the foil of the large piece and the end pieces to make the sides;

Anchor with a rock with the open oven

facing the fire. Improvise a rack to hold the fold using rocks, sticks and/or cans. The heat will reflect from the foil oven down and up toward the rack.


sticks in the ground and line with aluminum foil, shiny side toward*

^maSea a Sckdraft to reflect heat. Place food to be cooked on

a rock or other base between foil and fire.

- A collapsible oven may be made from 5 cookie sheets and twelve bolts with

^wosheets serve as sides of oven when standing on end

b) two sheets serve as top and bottom reflectors c) the fifth sheet is the tray

Measure carefully so sheets (b) which form a "V" fit very tightly and sheet

f^iTletel.

Punch holes for bolts to hold trays in place.

Bolts can be

^ovtd^rays packed flat for °^JW«X£f«m "* *— can be used to support tray (c).

Put them In at

y-

UTENSILES8 COOKING

For added fun in cooking try making your own utensils. For toasting or broiling

For frying use aluminum foil wrapped around a forked stick

A few suggestions:


HOW TO MAKE NON-LIQUID FIRE STAPTV.PS:

1

candle Kisses:

Break or cut household paraffin or old candles into 1" chunks.

Wrap each chunk in a piece of

wax paper and twist both ends.

2.

Trench Candles: Cut 6-1') layers of ufiwspaper into 4-5' strips. rl&cfe a piace of twisted string or cloth for a wick and roll into candles and tie with string or twine. Dip "candle" into melted wax or paraffin and allow

3.

Egg-Carton and Sawdust:

to dry.

Fill cups with sawdust cr wood shavings.

Pour Kelt^d paraffin In each cup. A twine wick may be

added.

CXXj 4

Fudgios:

Cover bottom of cake pan with sawdust. Melt candle ends or paraffin. Pour over sawdust to depth of 3/8". Wnen hard cut in squares and pack in aluminum foil or a tin can.

To waterproof matches—dip ends in clear nail polish—let dry—store in waterproof container.

Girl Scouts of Southwestern Pennsylvania Training - September 1983 -40-

I


MASTER PLAN FOR ONE POT MEALS FOR TWELVE PERSONS

Into one Pot put!

3 pounds

- hamburger brownŠ*

i package - dehydrated onion*

or 2 chopped fresh

1 g**fcage - dehydrated sweet pepper* or 2 chopped fresh 3 cans

- tomato soup salt and pepper

Then addt

AMERICAN CHOP SUET 4 cans spaghetti

MACARONI BEEF, 1 large package of macaroni cooked separately* CHILI

1* cans of rod kidney

beans and chili, powder

SPANISH RICE

1 large package of minute rice cook** separately

HUNTERS STEW

k cans of vegetable soup

SQUAW CORN

3 cans of corn and

>i pound dloed cheese

Girl Scouts of Southwestern Pennsylvania Training

V77

1 large package of spaghetti cooked /separately.

Sprinklo-

with cheese*

YOKI SPECIAL

3 cans of spaghetti and 2 cano of peas.

HUNGARIAN HOT POE if cans Canpball's

pork and beans


nTTTDQQR COOKING (cont)

vary, COCKINQ (cont)

tosether

and^ctade water for mature

*

water for moisture Baked Beans SALADS,

Dlanning salads which fit into a

» -tea fron the "^

are always acceptabla Fruit

V«fietable

Watermelon wedges

Unpeeled cucumber fingers

Peeled kohlrabi sticks

Fresh pineapple wedges Cantaloupe in strips

Cabbage stalks cut in fingers

Grapes in bunches „,,-.Fresh berries dipped in sugar

Green onions v"11*01*,. _s

3S

wedges or sUces

Radishes

Lettuce or cabbage wedge

Raw shoestring beets

-

Raw white or sweet potato

5 desserts

are S-. eu88o8ti0nfl of or treats:

IAttle or No Cooking

cenuche.

Spread some of the

Apple MaretoaUow Sandwich (2 each for 12 pereone) dapples

Zh marshniallows

Core apples 6 cut across in thin slices. marehmallow between Uj apple slices.

Make sandwich with toasted

Sooe-Morea (2 each for 12 people) MakSa sandwich of a piece of ^ocolate **££^ ™

aallow to a golden brown. Put into the "anawicn crackers) press gently together and eat. Tastes aoa

16-28

i>

tne

and


DESSERTS (cont)

54 o. cocoa

]t to 1 c. peanut butter 2 to 3 tap. vanilla

paper.

# lb- ole

. mta

6 cups rolled oats

±1 oleo ^ completely melted

^r/^

and drop fro. teaspoons onto wased

Makes 5 to 6 dozen. 3 T. boiling water 1 can fruit pie

c. soft oleo

a

water.

fiiw in 8" square or 9" round cake pan.

Place iruix pie filling in b

square or ?

mixture by spoonfuls onto pie filling.

Bake o.*o ^

stir vigor

be puffy

Drop bisquick

minutes,

Tiffle,

Sugar cookies or vanilla wafers Bananas - 3 cut crosswise

Chocolate pudding - 2 boxes instant in bottom of pan.

Candied Apple

, iHpr

Prepare a mixture of brown sugar and butter

ats2srasra

on the pointed Peel and roll

carmelizes•

Mock Angel Food Cake (12 people)

1 loaf day old unsliced bread

2 boxes coconut (shredded)

F

When

cinnamon and sugar, instead of coconut.;

Cookies - made from cookie or cake mix. —

Follow directions on package

bake in reflector oven or grog oven.

Scotch Toffee

yz c. melted butter or margarine

2 c quick oats*

# c.

-»•

dark brown sugai^

% c. dark corn syrup*: Mix starred ingredients.

Y

l'c^semisweet chocolate

J

^ c" °u. q,, x om buttered pan with reBake 20 minut ^ * ' with chocolate. When

flector oven close to fire. While hot springe p chopped nuts, chocolate is melted spread over surface and sprinkle witn pf

Allow to cool and break in squares.


- 169 -

Gizmos,

Gadqeis,

& Gilhickies

Hobo otove

Tin Can Charcoal Stove

Punch out with triangular beverage can opener

Use coat hanger wire through

Holes punched in cans and fitted with coathanger wire bails maie good camp pots.

holes punched with nail.

a Nesting tin can pot

set

Make a "pittilator" and hang it near the latrine for hand washing.

Coathancer wire lias endless use around camp.

A

forked stick, with a

few

notches makes a good pot

pourer.

A water point can be made iron It -,al. bleach bottles. Don't use

insect

spray

or spray repellant

in camp.

It'll take the waterproofing out of the tents!

Tip

'en \z pcur.


-

170 -

Try using a flattened tin can as an ax sheath

Drill holes in the ends of lengths of reinforcing rod.

Build a wash stand. in an old

sock and hang

on a string —

soap

it won't fall

Fasten loosel:

with a bolt.

Tie the

\

in the dirt A loop of wire

makes an egg lifter.

A

35 cm film can makes a good match box if you cut

the tnatches down to fit. A "kitchen tree" is a dead tree or branch planted near the

kitchen to hang stuff on.

Cut out the bottom of a bleach for a mixing bowl. Use different sizes and nest 'em.

bottle

Roll dovm the plastic bag of biscuit nix, make a little hole in tho nix and .-.;dJ -s teaspoon of water. Stir with the t.wixer to "twix" up a biscuit. Bake it on the twixer or transfer to foil.

A pair of pliers and a bandana handkerchie: are the chuckwagon cook's favorite tools. Use a blue bandana for the nose and a red one around the fire!


- 171

More Gizmos. Gadgets,

& Gilhickiss COOKIN'

Place food in center

corners

Meat

Fold pointed ends

over

along dotted

Keep

loaf from turning. in diameter,

12"

over

Fold top down flat

Press ends togetl

Place on coals

again.

Shishka-Stick:

The barbs the

Don't crease.

FoM ends

ever ?".

lines.

Loaf Stick:

or branches

Fold top down again.

crease

loosely

Fold

WITH FOIL

Fold top \" down,

Bring sides up

of foil

-

About ÂŁ"x 12".

Punch through the meat for kabob.

seat

Flatten one side to meat won't slip,

Make f"

long.

Temp Stick:

control.

Used :'or heat

*

The lower the for/..

^

the hotter. Whittle 30 it i'Lace

across

has

3

forked

stick work

sices. or

Pegs

in the

too.

temp-

sf'ck.

V

T"lxer:

Forked Stick: Used in pairs to hold 3hiska-3tiCK,

e,3f stick,

Srear Stick:

Used for stii-ring

dovj:ii to "',~iz" up biscuits.

or meat loaf

Twist Stick:

About 2j"x 12".

Wrap biscuit dough around in a spiral.

Notches keep

About i'x 12"

Use to spear meat from fire

the tvist

in place.

Whittled down sticks can be fashioned into tongs to fish plates out of hot rinse water


- 172 -

Builder's plastic can be used for ground cloths and to improvise tents and flies. Tie a sr^ail stone in the corner with the tent rope. It won't easily rip out.

',<

Film cans make good personal z: & pepper shakers. Close the t: with tape - stick it on the si:

Dip with toothpick

when

in use.

Cuber of 1'eiotex or short rollc of n-^.-M'xir, dipped in paraffin ~ake ,-oou

fire starters.

]:;•;.t.

nAP.irTN ~:

Nick

'e- to

Always relt

paraffin in a pan of water to pre

A "tennis racket" broiler iz a great way to broil a small steak or

vent

fish.

fire.

Rooe is expensive and here's how to conserve it.

Cut rope into 15 ft..

20 ft., and 2S ft. lengths, Whip the ends. Paint the whippings or. the J< ft. Wthz with rei caint. Three letters in red - each letter stan for five ft. Paint the 20 ft. le^ths with blue (U letters x p fj-^ feet), and the 25 ft. leasts with green paint. Set the standard ,hc. rope is n-ver cut - tuc. in what you don't need or get a shorter piece.

Scouts caTTinV-antly identify the lengths and you'll probably wear the rooe out before it's all cut up!

for safety, your file should have a

"handle.

A hole drilled in a short

stick and a scrap of leather do a fine job.


Resources (Make copies of this page and the following page to hand out to Scouters.)

Observing Scouting Anniversary Week The Boy Scouts of America will mark its 77th anniversary on

Feb. 8, the date in 1910 when the organization was formally incorporated. The week that includes that date—Feb. 8-14—will be Scouting Anniversary Week.

Your troop may observe the anniversary by:

• Attending church or temple in groups and in uniform on Scout Sunday, Feb. 8, or Scout Sabbath, Saturday, Feb. 14. In some churches and temples, Scouts are asked to take part in the service or act as ushers.

• Doing a Good Turn for the chartered organization (sponsor).

A see'n'do live demonstration is recommended because it will attract more attention than a window display. Your see'n'do might be given in a shopping mall or shopping center parking lot, a town square, or even a vacant lot Show your Scouts in action, doing the kinds of Scoutcraft suggested in See'n'Do, No. 18-931. Involve the audience as much as possible by inviting passersby to try their hand at the skills demonstrated. Have a sign identifying the troop and its chartered organiza tion, and giving the troop's meeting place and time and the name and phone number of a Scouter who can be called for further information.

Static window displays are less effective than a live demonstra tion, but they will attract attention, too. Make arrangements early with the store manager to use a window, and be sure to send a letter of thanks afterward. Your window display might include merit badge projects, camping items, photos of troop activities, and the troop and US. flags. Be sure the troop is clearly identified, and have a phone number to call for information.

• Staging a live demonstration or having a store window display of Scouting.

TWIXER CM1O4EN WIRE

EASY BISCUIT MAKING. Roll down the plastic bag of biscuit mix, make a little hole in the middle and pour in Vz teaspoon of water. Stir with the twixer to twix up a biscuit. Bake it on the twixer or transfer to foil.

STOVE, OVEN, AND ROTISSERIE, all from 5-gallon cans. Use clean cans; don't use one that contained poisonous substances. To make charcoal stove at top, cut can in half and smooth sharp edges with file and emery doth. Grill is made of coat-hanger wire. Reflector oven is made the same way but turned on its side. Cut a can as shown for the chicken rotisserie. Wire skewer holds the chicken.

CHARCOAL BAKING-ROASTING STOVE. Cut one end from an old baking pan, or cut from side of 5-gallon can. Drill holes for chicken wire and coat-hanger brace. Replenish charcoal through opening in top. Stove can be used for roasting or baking with reflector oven as shown.

33


OUTDOOR RECIPES

Many "indoor- recipes are equally goodjor^qutdoor cooking.

Progression in food

^LratioTlike are based on a girl's readiness and preparation like all all other other toT*Torrr^asl<m fo: experience*

SIMPLE ONE POT HEAL3 (Us* one big pot or 3-lb. or 1-lb. shortening or coffee can depending on portions to be cooked)

SLOSHING BUKKY

(Simple One-Pot Meal)

Recipe for 12

if Tablespoons nargerlne if Tablespoons flour

l(31b 3oa)or 5(10*4 ox)cans ooncentrated Tomato Soup

# lb. diced cheese Salt and pepper

24 slices toast or crackers

Melt margerine and blend in flour. Add undiluted soup and heat thoroughly. Add cheese and heat until melted.

Sem on toast.

OTHER SIMPLE ONE-POT MEALS INCLUDED ON SEPARATE SHEET.

POT OF GOID

(More advanced one-pot)

Recipe for 8

Mix 2 cups Bisquick with water to make a stiff dough. Makt ball, with piece of cSeseTcenter of each. Heat 2 cans of tomato soup and 2 can. of milk (or water, 1# cans) to boiling.

Add dumplings.

Cover and simmer for 15 minmtea.

CHICKEN STEW (More advanced one-pot)

Recipe for 8

Heat in large covered kettle 1 can chicken noodle soup^or1 canchicken £" eouP* stew.

Cover and simmer 15 minutes.

RdG-TUM-DIDDY (More advanced one-pot)

Recipe for 12

1 lb. bacon diced

2 (1 lb. 3 oz) can tomatoes

2 (1 lb* 3 oa) can corn

GRINDERS

Recipe for 6

1 ». choppy bologna or luncheon meat

Co-bin; all

2/3 cup pickle relish

OTHER ALUMINUM FOIL DDJNEflS MAY INCLUDE:

1. Hamburger, 1 slice onion, 1 slice potato, 1 slice carrr* (20 minutes)

2

lslice of ham or Spam, 1 ring pineapple, 1 teaspoon tr.jwn sugar (10 minutes)

I! 1 £tce chic£n°* to^ato,TIarVot sliced, 2 tablespoons ainuf rice, salt and **.

pepper

(30 minutes

1 potato (cut large potato in half) 30 ndnutea

3


Outdoor Recipes - oont'd.

COOKD©

(More advanced)

MEAT ON A STICX Mix beef, egg, crumbs and season* Using 1 tablespoon of mixture, form

2 lbs. ground beef 1 egg beaten # cup bread crumbs

small balls and thread on sticks*

Cook

3 inches from heat*

Salt, and pe?per

Tomato wedges, pieces of onion or

greeor pepper

STMPTJ! DESSERTS

COUNTRY SODAS

Insert a candy stick in whole orange which has been rolled to make it juicy. SOME MORES

Place 1 toasted marshmallow and 1 piece chooolate bar'between graham crackers* BANANA BOATS

Peel inner curve of banana* Cut out 3-1 inch sections* In cavity place a marehmallow with a square of sweet chocolate on each side* Cover with peeling or wrap in aluminum foil* Heat slowly until .soft* MOCK ANGEL FOOD CAKE

Cut unsliced dry bread in 1#' cubes*

Roll, in sweetened condensed Hi^r

ijx shredded coconut or cinnamon sugar*

Toast on sticks*

Roll

If bread is cut in

sticks 1#» x 3" it may be toasted on grate of charcoal stove. "BAKED APPLES IN ALUMINUM FOIL

Core apples, fill centers with raisins and sugar*

Wrap 1a foil.

Cook 15-20 ndn.

MORE ADVANCED DESSERTS

APPLESAUCE AND GINGERBREAD

Mix prepared .gingerbread * little stiff. Beat 2 cans applesauce to boiling in large kettle, add.gingerbread.-. Cover* Beat slowly for ft hour* Use £ recipe for 31b. Crlsco can.

-

"

.

FRUIT COCKTAIL AND CASE

Use white cake mix - follow^iaatwwtionfl. for Applesauce & Gingerbread cake* CRUSBED PIKEAPPIE AND*GIN3IBBREAD Prepare as applesauce and gingerbread CRUSBED PINEAPPLE AND CAKE

Add oleo and brown sugar to pineapple AM yellow-cake, battep-to .hot .mixture*, CBERB3T FILLING AND CAKE

Use canned sour cherriea with sugar add*d*^A»d-*hifce-cake SLICED PEACBES AND SPICE CAKE

Use frozen or canned peaches and «pjff» ca&a. mix.

Girl Scouts oX Southwestern Pennsylvania 'raining

iev* 8/77


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