2013 USAID Annual Letter

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ANNUAL LETTER

Cover Photo: In Nepal, we’ve worked with more than 2,200 families to improve nutrition by creating home gardens and providing three crops cycles of technical assistance. More than half of these households are female-led. (Credit: Fintrac Inc.)

We also know that

"$! $ %% & !%& "!( $ % " $&% ! !'$ )!$ $ % '% 2 not only because it creates new markets, more stable order in certain regions of the world, but also because it’s the right thing to do. In many places, people live on little more than a dollar a day.

! & & & & % ) ! ) & !'$ % &! $

& %' *&$ "!( $&+ & *& &)!

% by connecting more people to the global economy; by empowering women; by giving our young and brightest minds new opportunities to serve, and helping communities to feed, and power, and educate themselves; by saving the world’s children from preventable deaths; and by realizing the promise of an AIDS-free generation, which is within our reach. President Barack Obama State of the Union 2.12.2013

THE END OF EXTREME POVERTY The summer after college, I went to work on a health project in southern India. wandered into a neighboring village and dressed in muddied rags, and looked four ! " #

$ Obama called upon our nation to join % " % President set forth a vision for one of the greatest contributions to human progress The President’s call presents an incredible "" and approaches that enable us to achieve " " in the past: the eradication of extreme " corollaries, including widespread hunger and preventable child death. & & this mission as our vocation, and over the important strides towards this goal, all with less than one percent of the national budget. ' & represents 25 percent of the national budget and ought to be cut. When ! " " &

" we help educate or businesses we help & spending enough. The truth is that development is not a big part of our national conversation, and " " " ( difference we can make for the millions of children like the little girl I met in India. ) ! " " " cannot support great moral aspirations or that government cannot usher in * & I’ve seen just the opposite. From a church + ! orphanage in Ghana to the nationwide response after the Haiti earthquake, I’ve seen the depth of passion and support that Americans have for our work. And " politics, I’ve seen leaders from both sides of the aisle stand together as champions for this global task.

lines on graphs that show reductions of 42 " -/ " " 6/

" " " % " region in the world. ! "

2013 ANNUAL LETTER /// 5

PERCENTAGE OF PEOPLE LIVING IN *&$ "!( $&+ 0 10

CAMEROON SENEGAL GUINEA ETHIOPIA GHANA NIGER MAURITANIA MOZAMBIQUE BURKINA FASO UGANDA

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! " # 7889 * 7889 and 2005, the number of people living in " " * ( and China. Then in 2005 something remarkable happened: Africa joined the path. Between 6//- 6//; " & " " " " " " reversing a trend that had been on the rise 78;7 & % " measurable targets that help us deliver " < instance, if we increase growth in the " 9 " = " * 9 8 = " " " more than double the annual rate of "

2020

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Credit: The ONE Campaign

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( " the next two decades. We cannot address these challenges ( * working together to meet these and other ( > > their future. We know the alternative. We know that % " % % ! ? tomorrow. As we draw down from a

" " actions. That’s the vision President Obama framed # " " " " & 8 =// # & + more partners to work around the world.

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Democratic Republic of the Congo and are partnering with companies like Apple, Motorola Solutions, and Ford to show

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We joined up withh Micosoft, Intel, Cisco and Kenya’s Ministry of Education to bring high-tech learning into rural classrooms. In three years, digital we’ve reached 39,000 students with dig gital education and enabled 46 focus schools to give every student access to a computer.

Adriane Ohanesian | AF AFP P Photo

2013 ANNUAL LETTER /// 7

5 +3 0 %% ! 3 Every day, more than 9,600 people—educators and engineers, procurement specialists and human resource professionals—arrive at work in more than 80 countries to advance one of the greatest missions in the world. Our work represents the goodwill and generosity that unite us as a people and spur us to act in times of need, as we’ve done in Syria and the Sahel just this past year. I have seen this spirit alive in nearly everything we do, from supporting peaceful elections in Senegal to mitigating the

To meet our mission with renewed capacity, we’re building a dynamic and diverse team of technical experts and development professionals. More than 1,100 new staff have joined our Agency in the past ! " us money, enabling us to perform core operations we once had to contract out. Most important, we’re increasingly working together as one community, one family, and one USAID. Many different acronyms and hiring authorities bring us here, but we all share the same determination to make this world a better place, even at our toughest moments. ! ! # $ ! ! disarming smile, Ragaei volunteered for a second year in Afghanistan because he believed strongly in his work with local communities to expand economic opportunity. He died a hero, in service to our nation, the Afghan people, and our mission to advance the cause of freedom. In these times of sadness, it isn’t always easy to explain to others why our mission is so important. ! & !'( # & !'

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A NEW MODEL FOR DEVELOPMENT ) % " and important that it’s natural to wonder how we’re going to achieve it. For decades, success in development @ "

# one of the most generous donors in development, the much more meaningful " results.

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To deliver these results, we instituted an # & + < " " & management, and set important targets D and local partnerships. We still have far " required to understand what is and isn’t working. * ! Instead of assuming good policies will follow development investment, we’re " " reforms from the beginning to create

an environment that allows private ? ! with multinational and local companies to harness the private sector as an engine of growth and development. Instead of seeking linear and incremental gains, we’re fostering a spirit of innovation bend the curve of development. & delivering assistance, we’re engaging " of the partners we work with and the local communities we reach. We’re moving from a traditional model " " model that engages talent and innovation % J " ! partnerships, a greater emphasis on innovation, and a relentless focus on measuring and delivering results. < examples to showcase some of our most " into practice. We’re excited about our progress, but we also know that we have a lot of work ahead of us to make this "

2013 ANNUAL LETTER /// 9

$ % !$ !'$ 5 + PARTNERSHIPS

50%

70%

OF GRAND CHALLENGE FOR DEVELOPMENT PROPOSALS COME FROM DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

OF DEVELOPMENT INNOVATION VENTURES APPLICANTS ARE NEW TO USAID

50%

INCREASE IN DIRECT FUNDING TO LOCAL INSTITUTIONS, COMPANIES, AND ORGANIZATIONS IN THE LAST TWO YEARS

MEASURING RESULTS

57

INDICATORS FORM THE FOUNDATION OF ROBUST NEW MEASUREMENT SYSTEM IN FOOD SECURITY

186

EVALUATIONS PERFORMED SINCE MID-2011 UNDER OUR NEW EVALUATION POLICY

172

NATIONS HAVE JOINED THE PLEDGE TO END PREVENTABLE CHILD DEATH AND HOLD THEMSELVES ACCOUNTABLE FOR RESULTS

APPLICATIONS

140K

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INNOVATION

U.S. STATES

SMALL BUSINESSES HAVE ACCESSED LOCAL FINANCING THROUGH OUR DEVELOPMENT CREDIT AUTHORITY

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TO BUILD OUR NETWORK OF DEVELOPMENT INNOVATION LABS

$383M

LEVERAGED LAST YEAR THROUGH PUBLICPRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS

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*" ""!$&' &+ & "" % < $ "" & ' < " ! ! it hard to get a loan or put their savings ! " " The truth is traditional banks do not " part because it’s just not possible to build ! ! using new partnerships and technologies $ "" " " we’ve made it a cornerstone of our efforts to help countries leapfrog slower, more traditional paths to development. " " Philippines, more than 2.7 million mobile " It’s been a successful project, but scaling D "" development, and all the pilot projects in the world won’t get us there. In order

billions of people from Kabul to Jakarta, " Better Than Cash Alliance to encourage governments, companies, " ( # & + " $ "" @ few weeks ago, the Government of Afghanistan became our newest partner. $ "" ! with President Aquino to encourage " salaries and conditional cash transfers " 9 8 ( helped create real demand for innovative " meet this demand, we’re partnering with ! "" ! " ! ! " "

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1.8M MOBILE PHONES

In early 2011, only 20 percent of women in Iraq had mobile phones, one of the worst mobile gender gaps in the world. To help close this gap, we partnered with Iraqi mobile operator Asiacell to design a new product just for women. More than 1.8 million women have signed up, bringing the proportion of Asiacell’s female customers close to 40 percent.

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Mobile money programs in Haiti, Afghanistan, and the Philippines are helping reduce corruption and unlock opportunity for millions of entreprenuers.

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" " # & + innovation lab. The team hails from across the academic, public, and private sectors and maintains a relentless focus on delivering results, not just through pilots but at scale. In recognition of Q* R $ ' + " S R '& Mobile World Congress 2013.

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But real challenges remain. Building partnerships at this level requires a

? % " & development institution, we’re structured to give grants and implement projects, not persuade presidents or CEOs. But just as we’ve done with banks and " ! + V Roshan in Afghanistan, or Citigroup in the $ "" " " " " " themselves and future generations out of "

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J remembered when a devastating famine killed hundreds of thousands of people in Ethiopia three decades ago, and the of the largest humanitarian responses * slowed and the ground dried in Ethiopia, communities remained resilient. Children 7 million people passed through the worst of the crisis without the need for humanitarian assistance. A new emphasis on helping communities strengthen their resilience to disasters was working, and it represents nothing short of a sea change in humanitarian assistance. For decades, the traditional model of development had allowed two communities of development workers % khakis and responded to emergencies and one that wore suits and met with ! coordinated their efforts. And even " " quarters of our humanitarian assistance

@ 7/ response to the same disasters over and over again. The choice is clear: either we continue " !

"" " in their homes and hold onto their livelihoods in a crisis. J had to break down bureaucratic walls that prevented our own humanitarian and development teams from working together. We had to encourage our colleagues to show up to major meetings, ! " " of the events. And we have struggled to encourage private sector partners to put for more prosperous, urban populations. But the unwillingness of our teams to ! " < " in place to help communities protect themselves from crisis. And we’ve forged " " " " communities to manage their own risks. In Ethiopia, for instance, we’re working ! Y and local businesses like Ethiopia’s Z [ " " % ! new product that uses satellite data to

2013 ANNUAL LETTER /// 13

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show the health of local vegetation and determine when local pastoralists receive " ) " \= \]7 " " districts bought 270 policies through a program that’s just beginning.

5 ) " % % ! $ % ) % )!$ 1 & $ "$ % &% !& % !$& ! % ' & $ %% %& 3 We know that a lot of work remains. 76 people in the Horn of Africa and more than 18 million across eight countries _ remember waking up one morning and reading in The Washington Post about how weak rainfall caused a hunger crisis in ` ! 7]

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newborn in childbirth, and it wasn’t her ' that poor rains and endemic hunger would cause thousands of girls to be ' " ( % " & " ! " ! 6/76 ` situation as poor. Thanks in part to our work to get out in front of the crisis ""

"" Z Now we have to take this approach to scale for entire populations from Haiti to y J ! experience that doing so requires us to ! ! "" " ! and relief for millions of people when it matters most.

YEAR IN REVIEW & Despite a tough planting season—two storms and drought—we worked closely with smallholder farmers to improve productivity and livelihoods. By early 2012, Feed the Future programs had helped increase rice yields by 129 percent, corn by 341 percent, and beans by 100 percent.

!% 5 %1 75 ! ! American city to help reduce crime in Central America. We’re bringing an innovative survey tool pioneered on the streets of South Central to Honduras to better identify and support youth at greatest risk for gang recruitment.

: joined Chile, Costa Rica, South Korea, and Poland in successfully reaching the point where it can chart its own development ! Although Panama continues to face development challenges, they are within the nation’s ability to solve.

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Thanks to a strong partnership with the Ministry of Health and new support for low-cost interventions, infant mortality fell by 9 percent and maternal mortality by 6 percent in ten major hospitals last year, building upon reductions of 23 and 16 percent respectively the previous year.

!%!(! More than 200 people from different ethnicities, ages, and cultures gathered for the International Women’s Summit to discuss concrete solutions to empowering women worldwide. The Summit helped launch the Kosovo Women’s Chamber of Commerce and established a set of gender equality principles recently adopted by the Kosovo National Assembly.

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As the war in Syria rages, the United States is quietly providing life-saving food, medicine, warm clothing, and health care for millions of men, women, and children across Syria and every nation it borders. More than 600,000 children have received immunizations to stave off disease, often the largest killer in times of crisis.

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On an historic trip to Burma, President $ president to dedicate the opening of a USAID Mission. To support the nation’s democratic and policy reforms, we’re actively building a model program in Burma. We recently partnered with Michigan State University and a local development institute to help reduce stunting, which affects 35 percent of all Burmese children.

Following on the global Child Survival Call to Action in June, Indian leaders convened a summit to build local momentum around the goal of ending preventable child death. The Ministry of < = scorecard to measure and assess progress that is now being adapted by states.

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In September, we inaugurated the young ) ! >?@=& road between Juba and Nimule that reduces travel time between these economic hubs by

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Our support for the National Dialogue process is helping bring representatives of diverse social

of their country. We’re helping the Ministry of Human Rights hold forums nationwide to engage women and youth, and we launched a training academy on the political process for roughly 165 civil society organizations.

Powering Agriculture and Making All Voices Count, two new Grand Challenges for Development, are calling on the world’s brightest innovators to develop clean, affordable energy solutions for smallholder farmers and technologies to help to raise the voices of all citizens.

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It’s hard to believe, but a decade ago we " ( " ( < 6/ funding in development had been on the

" " cope with the growing challenge of food 6//8 $ Z initiative called Feed the Future and

& & D agriculture experts we had on staff, & hearing, senator after senator expressed concerns about what a decade of attrition had done to our technical expertise. I

" " of development principles. " J and dictating it abroad, we would work partners to ensure our plans supported " ! our focus to deliver results where it

matters most. And instead of assuming good development work would be enough, we would also demand more " " implementing reforms, and contributing their own resources.

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Our Development Credit Authority joined with regional and local banks in Uganda to facilitate $24 million in lending to small businesses, leveraging $28 for every dollar we contributed. Borrowers saw an 86 percent growth in !

Petee Sou ouza za | The Whhite House

President Barack Obama announces the New Alliance for Food Security and Nutrition on May 18, 2012.

corruption, ineffective policies, and a lack of access to donor projects. After these discussions, we knew we needed a new approach, even if it meant challenging old assumptions. Although " the foundation of developed economies, it has seldom if ever been included in " hunger. There is a deep wariness " " "

the expense of others. At the same time, governments and development ( " " ) " To tackle these barriers head on, we brought donors, private sector companies, and developing countries together in a New Alliance for Food ` ! &

governments with commitments from the private sector in agriculture. Announced $ Z R; ' ` & -/ " " " & 7/ ( Through Feed the Future programs, rice

-/ " ]] " " ? " " than 7 million farmers around the world "" " four times the number we reached the " R ( removed its export ban on staple ( & y ( terminal at the nation’s largest port, " developing a seed package designed " z/ "

& \9 z- & through the New Alliance. " " " " " %" + " [ & " ! J " < Z %" ! reach out to the private sector at all levels, from local women’s cooperatives to Fortune 500 companies. J but we know we face real challenges ahead, including helping our partner governments follow through on reforms and deepening our engagement with civil * ? " " in partnership with a vibrant and transparent private sector. Through the New Alliance, we can empower government and business leaders to chart this new path in development.

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deforestation, primarily in Indonesia and the Amazon. We have joined with the Consumer Goods Forum—which represents more than 400 companies and about $3 trillion in market value—in its pledge to end tropical deforestation by 2020.

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Through a new partnership between the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry, we’re leveraging India’s tremendous creativity, expertise, and resources to source and scale innovative ideas in development. More than 1,400 proposals for solutions have arrived from across India, a third of which focus on education and agriculture.

SOLUTIONS

PRIVATE CAPITAL MADE AVAILABLE TO UNDERSERVED BORROWERS IN AFRICA AND AGRICULTURE WORLDWIDE Putting Local Wealth to Work through our Development Credit Authority

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) z-= /// ` ! have the chance to blow out the candles - ! school, or follow their dreams. While ` 6 " world’s population, it contributes about 10 percent of global maternal, infant, and child deaths. -/ ! z/ " number we’ve continued to accelerate even as the global population has grown 7 - " " 6/ ! Y ; " rate of decline the world has seen in 30

* " know that there are places like Nigeria where progress remains far too slow, and = 8 the world continue to die from causes we know how to prevent. Last June, we joined our partners in hosting the Call to Action in Child

goal of ending preventable child death. 7z/ " 6// ( 66/ ( echoed the call with commitments of their own. We helped develop over 20 new partnerships with private sector companies, including working with telecom companies, like Vodafone and } " health workers with mobile technologies.

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!' &$ % & % ( %3 It was an important moment. For " approach to global health had resulted in uncoordinated efforts and parallel "" V ~ & + " needed in the same clinic.

2013 ANNUAL LETTER /// 21

At Lagos Island Maternity Hospital, Medical Director Imosemi Donald and Chief Matron Bolanle Bellow relate the achievements of the hospital’s family planning unit.

Pius Utomi Ekppei e | AFP Pho h to Women receive checkups at Ningi General Hospital in Bauchi State. Northern Nigeria is one of the most dangerous places in the world to be an expecting mother.

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The Call to Action brought the global coalition behind a single, comprehensive, ' " " themselves, and Nigeria was one of the Z ' € " been echoed in nations like Ethiopia,

y * ( " report cards to track progress. # ? " ` we found that some of our partners wouldn’t show up to coordination meetings or share the details of their

Secretary Hillary Clinton delivers remarks at the Child Survival Call to Action on June 12, 2012.

Pat Adams | USAID

contracts with others. Global health funding was getting caught up in negotiations with partners over how it could be spent. At the same time, our ` work in a tough and at times unsafe environment, working to recruit the staff

program we all wanted. + " building a great team that is committed "" < met with our Nigerian counterparts on

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In the largest public-private alliance with local partners in our ! # ! % & ' % which has one of the world’s highest homicide rates.

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By teaming up with the global candy company Ferrero Rocher, we’re helping 2,000 Georgian hazelnut farmers improve the quality and yields of their harvests. Already more than 900 farmers have seen a double-digit increase in their farm revenue.

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& tackle intractable issues. We pledged to " \6-/ ` " " for solutions that are within Nigeria’s " partnerships to leverage new resources % ( " " commitments into real results, we’re ! business, and religious leaders. Last ` ' V ! ( J !

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( " for diarrhea that’s been around for

6 percent of Nigerian children.

With this knowledge, we’re forging " " " "" where health workers risk their lives to ( local imams to build awareness, dispel " child health. Thanks to a comprehensive $ R ! Jonathan, ourselves, and others, we know " "

( ( " we could prevent 1.8 million child deaths Nigeria remains one of the most complex places in the world to pursue

" " we have to work even harder and more " < also avoidable.

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6//7 8// /// J were prohibited from teaching, an act " in Afghanistan. The few brave enough to attend or teach in undergrounds schools ! " ? %

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; enrolled in school, 37 percent of whom are girls. We’ve helped build more than 600 new schools and equip them with =8 % ! + $ In remote regions, where government schools aren’t available, we’ve supported 7 ;// based education for over 42,000 children. In a town called Bashakhel in eastern Afghanistan, we helped establish the 6//z J " from attending it, the school council change his mind.

But the evidence is clear. We know that D ! " " " " can lead people toward violence and extremism. We also know that each

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2013 ANNUAL LETTER /// 25

U SAI A D | Afghan anis an istaan is

" # € formed a direct partnership with the ' ) print their own textbooks. As a result of "" ' " " ]/ needed textbooks in math, language " partnerships don’t just lead to better To ensure our investments translate into results in education, we have made D outcomes the cornerstone of our new approach to education worldwide, whether it takes place in a classroom in V " J " ( " We’re also developing partnerships changing solutions grounded in evidence. Through a grant competition called All Children Reading: A Grand Challenge for Development (

( pioneering a range of novel approaches, from helping children in India learn to read with same language subtitling on ~ ! R The challenges of working on the ? " " investment sluggish, and illicit businesses * # our troops home from Afghanistan, the role of development in advancing our %" value of our work in health and education will grow. ; school form the backbone of a stable, prosperous future for Afghanistan and represent the forward defense of our V " brightens all of ours.

LEADING WITH A NEW GENERATION € 7] $ ! " ~ & ' y ( life in a hospital, the shooting stirred international outrage and inspired "" the Taliban had hoped to achieve.

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Qy y [ S a local movement that we helped " " 6//z " people to speak out on issues like " 6/ /// ƒ

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! the streets in India to protest violence against women. As we pioneer a new model of development that engages " ‚ " "

When I share our new model of

" " " " information and good ideas aren’t the " " their pocket. If we’re serious about % " decades, then we need to lead with this new generation.

Z " "" " " " for development. I met students at < # ' " # & + the construction of humanitarian shelter in their hurricane wind simulator. In Lagos, Nigeria, I met business students who were eager to start companies that offered a

( V ) Network, a constellation of seven " * ! [ ƒ " # universities weren’t chosen because of the strength of their endowment (

( D "" we have to pool our talent, take a

2013 ANNUAL LETTER /// 27

few risks, and harness the power of science to expand what’s possible in development. These development innovation laboratories are just the beginning. In the coming months, we will build " " challenges of our time. Because the truth is we work in a The traditional approach to " new world of affordable insurance

digging individual boreholes and " " and partnership. The traditional programs on economic growth feel underpowered against the challenges we face, and as do our efforts to provide humanitarian assistance during a protracted crisis. If we’re going to tackle our greatest challenges, then we have to "

" have an idea to save a child’s life, build a tool to light up a school, or a plan " " ! election, we will be there to help turn

Visit us online at www.usaid.gov/ % " and join our efforts to deliver new solutions " Z

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development. & "

" " " I describe to them our new model of

" ! on results, and our relentless efforts to measure our work. But what has surprised me in our discussions is the central and " " % < " " values. Meaningful work. Being part of a mission that is bigger than oneself. As we look ahead, I believe we’ll ""

" " of nations, but also in the hearts and minds of millions of people. I look ! ( achieve one of the greatest legacies % "

Rajiv Shah USAID Administrator March 18, 2013

# & # & + " & + " 79// $ $ & `J 79// $ & `J J +[ 6/-69 202.712.4810 T 2 20 2.712.4810 F 202.216.3524

@ ajshah @r @USAID | @rajshah

Faceebook.com/usaid Facebook.com/usaid

& + ! & Download our apps for a closer look inside our work.

PORTFOLIO PO ORTFOLIO MAP MEASURE DHS USAID EVALUATIONS EVAALUUATIONS

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