Graduating around the globe
ERICA DE VRIES & NICOLAS BALACHEFF
France
In France research in the learning sciences is largely multidisciplinary within the Human and Social Sciences (HSS) and involves educational science, psychology, cognitive science, sociology and linguistics. The learning sciences nowadays also involve disciplines such as science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM), including computer science. Thus, students with different backgrounds, for example, with a master’s in Educational Science, in Psychology, in Computer Science, or in the didactics of a specific discipline, may engage in PhD research in the
learning sciences. A PhD in Technology-Enhanced Learning can be pursued in a computer science lab or an educational science lab, depending on the supervisor. PhDs are pursued within doctoral schools accredited by the Ministry of Higher Education, Research and Innovation. Doctoral schools are affiliated with universities and regroup research labs from related disciplines. Although national rules govern the pursuit of a PhD, there may be variations within these rules depending on the university or on the discipline.
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