FOSSIL FREE CITIES (2017)
Yoram Krozer and Sebestén Tihamér UNIVERSITY OF TWENTE
Reader Fossil Free Cities
Content
1. Background
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1.1. Energy 1.2. Goal of the course 2. Learning goals
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2.1. Learning by doing 2.2. Learning results 3. Program
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3.1. Practitioners 3.2. University staff 3.3. Students 4. Day-by day
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4.1. Practicalities 4.2. Reaching campus 4.3. Daily schedule 5. Selected materials 6. Other courses and activities
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Reader Fossil Free Cities
1. Background This is reader for the course Fossil Free Cities of the CuriousU, the summer school of the University of Twente. The course is about changes in energy use from fossil fuels (mainly coal, oil, gas, and nuclear) to renewable energy (mainly biofuels, hydropower, geothermal, wind power and solar power). These changes enable to generate income, enlarge access to energy and reduce greenhouse gasses, acidifying emissions, smog, heating of water, solid waste and other pollution. The carbon dioxide emissions (CO2) get much attention nowadays because they cause climate change. Renewable energy is also not free of impact, such as large space use and changes of landscape, but it is generally considered less threatening for sustainable development. 1.1 Energy Renewable energy grows fast. Statistics of the International Energy Agency shown that the global energy consumption grew between 1990 and 2015 by 58% (from 102 PWh to 161 PWh; PWh is 1012 kWh) along with the increasing share of renewable energy from 11% of all to 14% of all energy. The CO2 emissions grew though not as fast as the energy consumption. The European Union even reduced the CO2 emissions and the share of renewable energy in consumed energy grew from 5% to 15% along with 21% lower energy consumption and 2% more income per person. Within the European Union, Austria, Denmark and Sweden championed these changes and the Netherlands, Poland and United Kingdom were the laggards. China, Brazil and India progressed fast in renewable energy and may lead in future. Most energy is consumed in cities for housing, transport and manufacturing. About half of all energy is used by households and suchlike activities in education, health and other services. The energy use became more effective through better lighting and heating, and renewable energy is increasingly used for these purposes, for example solar power for light and geothermal energy for heat. Such changes are usually driven by individual citizens, communities and firms aiming at saving money, clean environment and so on. These changes generated a lot of business. Measured by the number of firms and jobs in the European Union and United States, energy firms were the fastest growing business during recession 2008 – 2014 despite less energy use. 1.2 Goal of the course Many people optimize renewable energy for income generation, better jobs and leisure and mitigation of climate change and pollution. The challenge is about how to do it because, introduction of renewable energy is often perceived costly, inconvenient and low quality. Policies usually move back and forth because balance changes with vested interests. Hence, introduction of renewable energy struggles with motivation of benefits, justification of actions, promotion across social groups and other issues for scaling up. The goal of the course Fossil Free Cities is illustrate about how to introduce low carbon solutions using experiences of practitioners in communities, policy, businesses, scholars and students. 2
Reader Fossil Free Cities
2. Learning goals As the world evolves toward renewable energy in production and consumption more capabilities are needed. The course indicates opportunities based on initiatives aiming at fossil free cities. 2.1 Learning by doing We learn from practitioners about how to enhance the shifts toward fossil free communities. The global trailblazers who have already realized a fossil free area show experiences. We also meet initiatives that pursue changes in the internationally operating enterprises. Leading policymakers explain decision making in citires. We learn about the diversity of innovators in renewable energy innovators and about how to start social enterprises and introduce electric mobility. Students are also involved in creating new practices. Groups are requested to elaborate on possibilities for the fossil free campus of the University of Twente during the course. The campus can be considered a living lab of fossil free community because there are households, education, commuting, leisure, sports and so on. The renewable energy use is constrained by space, vested interests, customs and contracts, as well as existing infrastructure and available funding. The groups can generate information, elaborate on their ideas and propose actions. 2.2 Learning results The following learning results are envisaged:
Learn to generate tangible ideas for enhancing renewable energy within a community. Integrate technological and social issues into proposals with regard aims and constraints. Experience use of the academic knowledge for development of renewable energy. Learn about how to motivate introduction of renewable energy in business and policy. Find out about how to attract interests of stakeholders and promote fossil free solutions. Learn about development of business models and policy plans on renewable energy.
The results will be evaluated at the end of the course. Several follow up courses at the University of Twente are possible (more information is on request).
Master Sustainable Energy Technology (SET) https://www.utwente.nl/set/ Master Energy and Environmental Management (MEEM): www.utwente.nl/go/meem Master Bio resource Value Management: https://youtu.be/SXHhW4qkBDs International Course on Rural Energy Planning (ICREP) http://www.icreps.org/
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3. Program The program covers lectures by practitioners from outside of the University of Twente, as well as short presentations of scholars at the University of Twente and the students’ presentations of their ideas and proposals. 3.1
Practitioners
A number of invitees from outside of the University of Twente will share their experiences based on the presentation, questions and discussions with participants. The invitees are mentioned beneath in the order of planning. You can also find their mail addresses for eventual questions but do not misuse them. 1. Soren Hermansen will speak about the citizens’ initiative for fossil free community of Samsø. He is farmer, initiator and entrepreneur of the first fossil free island in Denmark: info@energiakademiet.dk 2. Thijs de la Court will speak about the political initiatives in the town of Lochem and in the region of Gelderland. He is former Alderman of the Lochem and advisor to the Climate Association of the Gelderland region: t.delacourt@klimaatverbond.nl 4. Mark van Baal will speak about the initiative aiming at turning Shell toward renewable energy. He is journalist and initiator and entrepreneur of the “Follow This” and he is a shareholder of Shell: markvanbaal@follow-this.org 5. Bouwe de Boer will speak about policy making in the City of Leeuwarden which is on track to become a fossil free city. He is staff of the Mayor, energy advisor of the municipality and the initiator of the regional network on the fossil free activities: bouwe.deboer@leeuwarden.nl 6. Layana Mokoginta will speak about communities’ energy initiatives in the Netherlands and their networking called P-Nuts. She is entrepreneur, co-owner of the PR Mansion PR & marketing firm and co-founder of the P-Nuts: info@prmansion.com 7. Avinash Narayanaswamy will speak about his initiative for mobility based on biodiesel and his travel across India. He is assistant professor at the Center for Incubation, Innovation Research and Consultancy (CIIRC) in Bangalore and entrepreneur in cleaner mobility: avibvs@gmail.com 8. Frank Boon will speak about the energy cooperative in Amsterdam and the initiatives for the Fossil Free Amsterdam 2028. He is co-founder of the Zuiderlicht cooperative that installs PV at school, sport accommodations and other social institutions: frank@zuiderlicht.nu 9. Freek Willems will speak about development of the electric mobility in the Netherland. He is staff of the Dutch Organization for Electric Transport (DOET), which is the association of Dutch businesses aiming at the electric mobility: freekwillems87@gmail.com Participants in other courses and project might join some of these presentations. Let us have lively debates after the presentation.
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3.2 University staff A few staff of the University of Twente will briefly present their work related to energy and innovations. The presenters are mentioned beneath in the order of planning. 1. SebestĂŠn TihamĂŠr has a warning about some bad Dutch habits, sebesten_tiha@yahoo.com 2. Yoram Krozer introduces the course and presents trends on energy markets: y.krozer@utwente.nl 3. Frans Coenen introduces the sustainability department (CSTM) of the University of Twente f.h.j.m.coenen@utwente.nl 4. Imke Lammers introduces the idea of Living Labs, lammers@utwente.nl 5. Rogier Haan introduces the Incubator of the University of Twente: r.c.a.dehaan@utwente.nl 6. Joy Clancy introduces the CSTM work on Women and Energy. j.s.clancy@utwente.nl 7. Ray Klumpert who manages maintenance and real estate and as such also energy will not present but answer questions r.klumpert@utwente.nl. You are free to address your questions and discuss your points. 3.3 Students De students, preferably in small teams, will deliver ideas about fossil-free campus and propose actions. The course ends with team presentations. Sound proposals will be awarded.
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Day-by-day
Our base is the Ravelijn building, rooms 1247, 1255 and 1260. The rooms are on the ground floor. They are neighboring rooms, located at the sustainability department of the University of Twente - CSTM. Information about CSTM can be found on website: https://www.utwente.nl/nl/bms/cstm/ 4.1 Practicalities The morning meetings start at 10.00 and end for dinner at 12.30 (there are inspirational lectures before the morning meetings). The mornings are purposed for presentations of the university scholars and the group work. These are for the participants in the course Fossil Free Cities. The afternoon meetings start at 14.00 and end at 17.00 (there are cultural activities in the evenings). The afternoon meetings are purposed for presentations of the practitioners from outside the University of Twente. These presentations are open and can be pretty crowded. We care about timely meetings. Questions about the content can be addressed to Yoram Krozer who is the course leader and about the practices to SebestĂŠn TihamĂŠr who is the course assistant. It is appreciated when you address questions about the course to these to persons because other people go on with their jobs. 4.2 Reaching campus No activities are organized outside the campus but everybody is free to move around. Netherlands is rather safe and English speaking. The campus is easy to reach. By car. Coming from motorway A1, take motorway A35 in the direction of Enschede. Take exit no. 26 Enschede-West/Universiteit. Follow the signs 'Universiteit Twente'. If you are using a GPS system, enter Drienerlolaan 5 in Enschede as your destination address. At the UT main entrance you go to the right and after turning to the left you find the second building on the right hand. This is Ravelijn. Entry is from inside the yard. Parking lots are limited, some have charging stations. By train. Get off at Enschede Kennispark station, only for stop trains. Go under the tunnel to bus no 1 to the Universiteit. For Ravelijn, take one bus stop after entering the campus. By bus. From Enschede line 1 in the direction of Universiteit. Lines 8 and 9 go to Hengelo and stop at the main entrance; the bus stop is called Kennispark/UT. From Hengelo, for trains from central Netherlands, lines 8 and 9 also stop at the main entrance: Kennispark/UT. For Ravelijn, walk to the main entrance, turn right and after the left turn it is the second building.
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4.3 Daily schedule The day by day schedule is presented beneath. Updates and changes will be announced beforehand. The abbreviations are: YK for Yoram Krozer (course leader) and ST Sebestén Tihamér (assistance). August
Morning 10.00 – 12.30
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Features
Afternoon 14.00 -17.00
Festival
14.00 Frans Coenen: UT & CSTM, Imke Lammers: Living Labs
Team building
Arrival 10.00 YK & ST breaking ice, introduction and global energy trends
University of Twente (UT)
10.00 Joy Clancy: Women and Energy
Innovators
15.00 Rogier Haan: UT Incubator
YK & ST, working groups
14.00 Soren Hermansen: Fossil Free Samsø (skype) 15.30 Thijs de la Court: Fossil Free policy
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YK & ST: working groups
Incumbents
14.00 Mark van Baal (with a group of students): Fossil free corporations
Grolsch Summer Sound
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YK & ST: working groups
Policymaking
14.00 Bouwe de Boer Fossil Free Leeuwarden
Movie night
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11.00 Ray Klumpert: UT real estate and energy manager
Marketing
14.00 Avinash Narayanaswamy: biodiesel for mobility
Music bands
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15.30 Layana Mokoginta: P-Nuts local energy Free
YK & ST: working groups
Cooperation
14.00 Frank Boon: Fossil free Amsterdam 15.30 Freek Willems Electric mobility
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YK & ST working groups presentations and awards
Good-bye happening
Closing
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5. Selected materials The issue of Fossil Free Cities is rather new. Hence, there are many ideas and intensions but not many experiences. Only exemplary materials are mentioned. Participants can find more. Examples of cities
https://gofossilfree.org/europe/category/city/ http://www.uia-initiative.eu/en/uia-cities/gothenburg https://everwideningcircles.com/2015/02/18/burlington-vt-is-first-city-in-usa-to-be-free-offossil-fuels/
Examples of manuals for development
https://aging.ny.gov/livableny/ResourceManual/Design/IV2t.pdf https://www.iea-shc.org/data/sites/1/publications/T40A52-DC-TR1-30-Net-ZEBs.pdf http://www.communityplanning.net/pub-film/pdf/GuideToDevelopingACREProject.pdf
Examples of cities’ divestments
https://www.shefnews.co.uk/2016/11/08/sheffield-becomes-worlds-first-city-to-have-alluniversities-and-council-vote-on-fossil-fuel-divestment/ https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/british-columbia/vancouver-city-council-sets-goal-tobe-fossil-fuel-free-in-35-years/article27107889/ https://blog.education.nationalgeographic.com/2015/09/18/which-cities-are-fossil-fuel-free/
Examples of Papers (will be made available digitally) Cities
Roadmap for Fossil Free Stockholm 2050 Fossil Fuel Free Växjö Transitioning to low carbon communities — from behavior change to systemic change: Lessons from Australia. Regional CO2 budget, countermeasures and reduction aims for the Alpine tourist region of Davos, Switzerland Local initiatives
Growing grassroots innovations: exploring the role of community-based initiatives in governing sustainable energy transitions User-led innovations and participation processes: lessons from sustainable energy technologies
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It’s not (just) ‘‘the environment, stupid!’’ Values, motivations, and routes to engagement of people adopting lower-carbon lifestyles` Scenarios
Energy [R]Evolution Model-based analysis of decarbonising the EU economy in the time horizon to 2050 Transition to a fully sustainable global energy system
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6. Other courses and activities Courses and course leaders Design the Future: Armagan Karahanoglu (a.karahanoglu@utwente.nl) and Geke Ludden (g.d.s.ludden@utwente.nl) Earth observations & GIS for Engineering and Security: Gabriel Parodi (g.n.parodi@utwente.nl) EntrepreneurialU: Annemarie Ridder (a.ridder@utwente.nl) and Joost Brinkman (j.g.brinkman@utwente.nl) Finance bootcamp for Smart Businesses: Rez Kabir (r.kabir@utwente.nl) Fossil Free Cities: Yoram Krozer (y.krozer@utwente.nl) Foundations of information Retrieval: Djoerd Hiemstra (d.hiemstra@utwente.nl) and Dolf Trieschnigg (r.b.trieschnigg@utwente.nl) Governance and Ethics of Technology: Andreas Weber (a.weber@utwente.nl) Health and Happiness: Teuntje Elferink (t.r.elfrink@utwente.nl) and Jochem Goldberg (j.m.goldberg@utwente) Lean and Agile beyond the Hype: Carsten Gelhard (c.gelhard@utwente.nl) Risk Management: Joop Halman (j.i.m.halman@utwente.nl) Serious Gaming: Guido Bruinsma (g.bruinsma@utwente.nl) and Ton Spil (a.a.m.spil@utwente.nl) Smart Cities: Maya van den Berg (m.m.vandenberg@utwente.nl) The Future of Health Technology: Annemieke Witteveen (a.witteveen@utwente.nl) and Sofie Berghuis (a.m.berghuis@utwente.nl) Water: Nieck Benes (n.e.benes@utwente.nl) and Rob Lammertink (r.g.h.lammertink@utwente.nl)
General programs Each morning an inspirational speaker will kick off the day on the festival area in the big tent. Dinner is served in the big tent on the festival area each day (excluded Saturday) from 18.00-20.00. Saturday there is no official program and no dinner (day off for participants). Sunday, 13 August: Monday, 14 August:
Teambuilding
Tuesday, 15 August: Wednesday, 16 August: Movie night Thursday, 17 August:
Grolsch Summer Sounds (downtown Enschede)
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Friday, 18 August:
Music bands
Saturday, 19 August:
Free
Sunday, 20 August: Monday, 21 August:
Closing Ceremony
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