THE 2011 UNITED WAY OF RACINE COUNTY COMMUNITY INDICATORS
REPORT
REACH OUT A HAND TO ONE AND
INFLUENCE THE CONDITION OF ALL
GIVE. ADVOCATE. VOLUNTEER.
Statistical data offer a unique, quantitative way of looking at a community. Since 2002, United Way of Racine County has published annual reports to the community with county and city statistical data about the lives of Racine County residents. Together, as a community, we can use this information to inform our decisions, educate our neighbors, and better our lives. This report is organized in three sections: Education, Income and Health. As focus areas of United Way, each section contains a collection of data termed “indicators� that represent local conditions or behaviors. For each indicator, we strive to present enough information to provide a complete understanding of that indicator in our community. To do this, we include comparisons to other communities, comparisons to state or national levels, or trends across time. Furthermore, we attempt to obtain the most recent data available at the time of publication.
By partnering with local organizations, United Way of Racine County improves lives and creates lasting community change. The indicators in this report inform our decisions by providing us with the realities of our community. Together, united, we can get to the heart of our community problems. Together, united, we can strive for change, improving the lives of all within our community. Thanks to Marisol Beauford, Susan Gould, Ann Luetzow, Mike Pilger, and Ashley Staeck for making this document possible. For additional information or clarification on information presented, please contact Ashley Staeck, Research, Evaluation & Grants Specialist at United Way of Racine County, at 262-898-2254 or astaeck@unitedwayracine.org.
Table of Contents EDUCATION
HELPING CHILDREN AND YOUTH ACHIEVE THEIR POTENTIAL
Level of Educational Attainment.........................4 Student Achievement, Grade 3...............................5 Student Achievement, Grades 4, 8, 10....................6 AP Exam Performance.........8 ACT Performance................9 High School Graduation.....10 Future Plans.......................11 Education Summary...........12
INCOME
HELPING FAMILIES BECOME FINANCIALLY STABLE AND INDEPENDENT
HEALTH
IMPROVING PEOPLE’S HEALTH
Poverty in Racine County.... 16
Prenatal Care......................26
Food Security.......................17
Low Birthweight Babies...... 27
Unemployment................... 18
Infant Mortality Rate...........28
Homelessness.................... 19
Elevated Lead Levels...........29
Living Wage Estimates........20
Teen Birth Rate...................30
Elder Economic Security...... 21
Sexually Transmitted Diseases............................. 31
Income Summary................22 Youth Developmental Assets................................32 High-Risk Youth Behaviors........................... 35 Incidence of Child Abuse and Neglect........................36 Incidence of Other Abuse.... 37 Substance Abuse................38 Tobacco Use.......................39 Safety: Juvenile Crime.........40 Safety: Adult Crime............. 41 Health Summary.................42
People in Racine County A basic comprehension of the demographics of Racine County is helpful when reading this indicators report. This glimpse of people in Racine County includes a full overview of population by age, as well as by race/ ethnicity. Racine County’s population has increased by more than 20,000 people over the past twenty years, with a 4.8 percent increase since 2000. The largest population increase has occurred within the 45-64 age group, which has increased by 62 percent since 1990. About 12.6 percent of the Racine County population is over age 65; approximately 6.2 percent (12,181 people) are over age 75. The majority of residents in Racine County identify as Caucasian (83.4%), followed by Hispanic (10.7%) and African American (10.5%). Note: Hispanics may be of different racial backgrounds so total statistics will add up more than 100 percent due to overlap with race and ethnicity. Racine County Population by Age Age 0-17 18-44 45-64 65+ Total
1990 48,621 71,952 33,371 21,090 175,034
2000 50,951 72,150 42,497 23,233 188,831
2005 48,250 72,080 50,330 23,860 194,520
2007 48,911 70,136 52,336 24,128 195,511
2009 49,195 69,505 54,132 24,981 197,813
Racine County Trends Racine CountyResidents Residentsby byRace/Ethnicity Race/Ethnicity Trends
Percent of Residents Percent of Residents
100 80
89.0 83.4 83.0
60 40 20
10.0 10.5 10.5
7.910.7 5.0
1.0 0.7 1.0
0.3 0.3 0.2
0.0 1.7 2.2
Hispanic
Asian
American Indian
Two or more races
0 White
Black or African American
1990
2000
2009
Source: American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates, US Census Bureau. Wisconsin Department of Health and Family Services, 2009.
United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011 |
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EDUCATION
INDICATORS ON
HELPING CHILDREN AND YOUTH
ACHIEVE THEIR POTENTIAL
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United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011
Education As a building block for success, education plays an irreplaceable role in development, from early childhood to adulthood. In this section, chronological indicators show the educational readiness of Racine County residents at various age levels. With this orientation, parallels between lack of readiness early on and failure to graduate from high school become evident. A well-rounded education must begin during early childhood to ensure success later on in life. In the 2009-10 school year, more than 36,000 children ages 5-17 were enrolled in school with about 13.6 percent in private school and almost 1.7 percent being home-schooled. About 17 percent of children attending public schools in Racine County are identified as students with disabilities, Kindergarten and Pre-Kindergarten enrollment was 4,425 for the 2009-10 school year with an additional 698 children at Head Start.
United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011 |
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EDUCATION
Level of Educational Attainment About the Indicator: Education is the foundation for a good life, setting the individual on a path of personal fulfillment, economic security and societal contribution. Higher levels of education often lead to higher salaries, better jobs and healthier societies.
Level of Educational Attainment (Population 25 years and over) Comparisons: The city of Racine has a higher percentage of adult residents with less than a high school diploma (21.5%) than Racine County (13.3%), the state of Wisconsin (10.2%), and the nation (14.8%). The city of Racine also has a lower percentage of individuals with a Bachelor’s or higher degree than the county or the state.
Racine County 4.3%
Wisconsin
Less than 9th grade
City of Racine 6.8%
3.5%
6.3%
9th to 12th grade, no diploma
14.7%
9.0%
6.7%
8.5%
High school graduate (includes equivalency) Some college, no degree
33.2%
34.3%
34.1%
28.5%
20.8%
22.0%
21.0%
21.3%
Associate’s degree
6.9%
8.1%
9.0%
7.5%
Bachelor’s degree
13.0%
15.6%
17.2%
17.6%
4.5%
6.7%
8.4%
10.3%
Graduate or professional degree
Source: 2009 American Community Survey 1- Year Estimates, U.S. Census Bureau.
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United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011
USA
Student Achievement: WKCE Assessment, Grade 3 About the Indicator: The Wisconsin Knowledge and Concepts Examination (WKCE) employs multiple choice and short answer questions that require students to demonstrate their academic subject knowledge in language arts, mathematics, reading, science, social studies, and writing. Scores from the WKCE are reported in proficiency categories of “advanced,” “proficient,” “basic,” and “minimal” based on standards of content mastery. Proficient scores indicate that students possess the skills necessary to progress in the academic area tested. The following graphs compare third grade Proficient/Advanced scores from selected Racine County public school districts and the state of Wisconsin. Reading Proficiency - Racine County Comparison Reading Proficiency Grade 3 – Racine Proficient/Advanced - 2009 County Comparison Grade 3 Proficient/Advanced - 2009 Percent ofofStudents Percent Students
100 80
79.4
83.7
90.5 78.3
67.5
60 40
Comparisons: The percentage of third graders in the Racine Unified School District (RUSD) who scored in the Proficient/ Advanced category for reading was much lower than other Racine communities and the state of Wisconsin.
20 0 Racine
Burlington
Union Grove
Waterford
State
Math Proficiency - Racine County Comparison
Math Proficiency Grade 3 – Racine County Comparison Proficient/Advanced - 2009 Proficient/Advanced - 2009 Grade 3 Percent of Students Percent of Students
100
91.1
80 60
80.5
79.1
Burlington
Union Grove
75.4
59.8
40 20
Comparisons: The percentage of third graders in RUSD scoring in the Proficient/Advanced category for math was significantly lower than schools in western Racine County and the state. All other districts in Racine County had a higher percentage of Proficient/ Advanced-scoring third graders than the overall state percentage.
0 Racine
Waterford
State
Source: Wisconsin’s Information Network for Successful Schools (WINSS), Department of Public Instruction.
United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011 |
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EDUCATION
Student Achievement: WKCE Assessment (Grades 4, 8 and 10) Comparison Among Selected Districts in Racine County
About the Indicator: The Wisconsin Knowledge and Concepts Examination (WKCE) employs multiple choice and short answer questions that require students to demonstrate their academic subject knowledge in language arts, mathematics, reading, science, social studies, and writing. Scores from the WKCE are reported in proficiency categories of “advanced,” “proficient,” “basic,” and “minimal” based on standards of content mastery. Proficient scores indicate that students possess the skills necessary to progress in the academic area tested. The following graphs compare selected districts within Racine County and the state of Wisconsin regarding the percentage of students scoring in the Advanced/Proficient category.
100
Percent of Students Percent of Students
Comparisons: The percentage of 4th, 8th, and 10th grade students who are proficient in reading is lowest for Racine Unified School District (RUSD). For all districts, fewer 10th graders are proficient in reading than any other tested grade.
80 60
Reading Proficiency Reading Proficiency- –Racine RacineCounty CountyComparison Comparison Proficient/Advanced 2009 Proficient/Advanced - 2009 75.1 70.7
92.2 85.7 86.8
88.0 84.7
82.2 84.9 75.1
83.1 80.5 75.5
65.5
57.7
40 20 0 Racine
Burlington 4th Grade
8th Grade
Waterford
State
10th Grade
Math Proficiency - Racine County Comparison Math Proficiency – Racine County Comparison Proficient/Advanced - 2009
Proficient/Advanced - 2009
100
Percent ofStudents Students Percent of
Comparisons: Math proficiency rates in RUSD are lower than in surrounding districts and the state of Wisconsin. Approximately 47 percent of RUSD 10th graders are proficient or advanced in mathematics compared to 74 percent in Burlington.
Union Grove
80 60
86.6 74.2 73.6
66.5 60.5
81.9
88.1 83.8 77.8
77.8
79.5 77.2 69.1
65.5
46.9
40 20 0 Racine
Burlington 4th Grade
Union Grove 8th Grade
Waterford
State
10th Grade
Source: Wisconsin’s Information Network for Successful Schools (WINSS), Department of Public Instruction.
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United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011
Student Achievement: WKCE Assessment (Grades 4, 8 and 10) Comparison Among Other Urban Districts
About the Indicator: The Wisconsin Knowledge and Concepts Examination (WKCE) employs multiple choice and short answer questions that require students to demonstrate their academic subject knowledge in language arts, mathematics, reading, science, social studies, and writing. Scores from the WKCE are reported in proficiency categories of “advanced,” “proficient,” “basic,” and “minimal” based on standards of content mastery. Proficient scores indicate that students possess the skills necessary to progress in the academic area tested. The following charts compare Racine Unified School District (RUSD) student performance to other urban districts in the state.
Percent PercentofofStudents Students
100
Reading Proficiency - Comparison to Other Urban Districts Reading Proficiency – Comparison Among Other Urban Districts Proficient/Advanced - 2009 Proficient/Advanced - 2009 81.8 84.1
75.1 70.7
80
70.6 59.9 62.4
57.7
60
71.3 71.0 64.6
83.2 82.1 82.0 80.5 83.1 75.5
40.4
40
Comparisons: The percentage of RUSD 4th, 8th and 10th graders who tested as Advanced/ Proficient in reading was higher than Milwaukee’s, but lower than Kenosha’s. Milwaukee trails far behind all other proficiency rates in the state.
20 0 Racine
Kenosha 4th Grade
Milwaukee 8th Grade
Beloit
Janesville
State
10th Grade
Math Proficiency–- Comparison ComparisonAmong to Other Urban Districts Math Proficiency Other Urban Districts Proficient/Advanced 2009 Proficient/Advanced - 2009
PercentofofStudents Students Percent
100 80 60
79.9 80.0 66.5 60.5
70.9 59.7
46.9
40
56.7
50.2
79.5 77.2 79.3 75.6 71.5 69.1
55.4 54.0
Comparisons: Math proficiency rates are consistently lower in Milwaukee than in Racine. RUSD proficiency rates are comparable to those of Beloit, which are lower than Kenosha or Janesville.
29.0
20 0 Racine
Kenosha 4th Grade
Milwaukee 8th Grade
Beloit
Janesville
State
10th Grade
Source: Wisconsin’s Information Network for Successful Schools (WINSS), Department of Public Instruction.
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EDUCATION
Student Achievement: Advanced Placement (AP) Exam Performance About the Indicator: Advanced Placement Exams measure the amount a student learns in their Advanced Placement high school course. As a standardized test administered across the nation, colleges use these tests to predict college readiness in specific subject areas. If a student accomplishes a passing score, college credit may be granted to the student.
Trend: Over the last ten years, the percentage of students passing the AP exam in RUSD has decreased by 28 percent or twelve percentage points.
100
Percent of Exams Passed Percent of Exams Passed
Comparisons: The percentage of Racine Unified School District (RUSD) students that take the AP exam, as well as pass the exam, is lower than surrounding districts and Wisconsin percentages. Both Burlington and Waterford school districts exceed the state composite percentages while Union Grove, like RUSD, trails considerably behind the state.
Advanced Placement Exam Performance by District All Subjects - 2009 Enrollment % of Students % Exams Passed Grades 9-12 Taking Exams (Score of 3 or Above) 4.5 40.9 6,636 Racine 6.1 79.8 1,413 Burlington 11.3 57.1 833 Union Grove 12.5 73.6 1,092 Waterford 8.8 67.9 282,963 Wisconsin
Advanced Placement Exam Performance - All Subjects Advanced Racine Placement ExamSchool Performance – All Subjects Unified District Racine Unified School District
80 61.9
60
52.4
52
48.2
51.1
50.6
50.2
41.3
42.3
40.9
2008
2009
40 20 0 2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Source: Wisconsin’s Information Network for Successful Schools (WINSS), Department of Public Instruction.
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United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011
Student Achievement: ACT Assessment Performance About the Indicator: The American College Test (ACT) gauges high school students’ college readiness by evaluating general educational development. The assessment focuses on four skill areas: English, mathematics, reading, and science. Most four-year colleges require applying students to have taken the ACT or Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) before they are considered for their program. A higher score on the ACT increases a student’s chance of acceptance into a college of his/her choice. ACT has developed College Readiness Benchmarks that indicate the minimum score needed on an exam subject area to give a student a 50 percent chance of getting a B or better or a 75 percent of getting a C or better in the corresponding college-level course. ACT Results Reading - 2009 Comparisons: While other districts Enrollment Number % Tested Average in Racine County have highly Grade 12 Tested Reading comparable average reading Score scores to the state average, 1,958 721 36.8 20.8 Racine Racine Unified School District 374 239 58.0 22.0 Burlington (RUSD) is a point and a half behind the state average and 199 118 59.3 22.5 Union Grove slightly behind the ACT College 274 170 62.0 24.2 Waterford Readiness Benchmark of 21. 70,497 41,988 59.6 22.2 Wisconsin Burlington, Union Grove and Waterford public high school average reading scores are higher than the benchmark. ACT ACT- –Composite CompositeScore ScoreOver Over Time Time Racine County Comparison Racine County Comparisons Trend: Burlington, Union Grove Average ACT Score
Average ACT Score
23.5
and Waterford public high schools have all slowly increased their average ACT composite score over the past decade. However, composite scores on the ACT have decreased in RUSD over the past 12 years.
23 22.5 22 21.5 21 20.5 20 19.5 19 2000
2001
Racine
2002
2003
Burlington
2004
2005
2006
Union Grove
2007
2008
2009
Waterford
Source: Wisconsin’s Information Network for Successful Schools (WINSS), Department of Public Instruction.
United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011 |
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EDUCATION
Public High School Graduation About the Indicator: In Wisconsin, students graduate when they complete a course of study established by their local school district. A school board may also issue a graduation diploma to students who complete the school-sponsored general education program (GED) or attain a high school equivalency diploma. However, this indicator only tracks those students who receive regular diplomas. Graduation from high school marks a student’s success in elementary, middle and high school. Graduation also provides students with a variety of post-graduation options. Graduation rate reporting requirements changed in 1998-99 and in 2003-2004. The Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction notes that data from these reporting years may not be accurate. High School Graduation Rates – Comparison of Districts 2000 73.0 93.8 92.5 96.1 89.3
2008 71.7 85.1 90.0 87.8 89.0
2009 74.4 88.4 96.5 87.3 89.4
High School Graduation Rate High School Graduation Rate High School Graduation Rate 100100 Percent of Students Graduating
Trend: The graduation rates in Waterford and Burlington school districts decreased from 2003 to 2009, which could be due to the change in reporting requirements. However, Union Grove’s high school graduation rate has steadily increased since 2005. RUSD’s high school completion rates have remained fairly consistent over the past ten years. Note: Data unavailable for Waterford High School in 2004.
Racine Burlington Union Grove Waterford Wisconsin
Percent of Graduating Students Percent of Students Graduating
Comparisons: High school graduation rates in the Racine Unified School District (RUSD) are significantly lower than in surrounding districts and in the state of Wisconsin.
95 95 90 90 85 85 80 80 75 75 70 70 2000 20002001 20012002 20022003 20032004 20042005 20052006 20062007 20072008 20082009 2009 Racine Racine
Burlington Burlington
Union Grove Union Grove
Waterford Waterford
Wisconsin Wisconsin
Source: Wisconsin’s Information Network for Successful Schools (WINSS), Department of Public Instruction.
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United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011
Future Plans About the Indicator: Wisconsin public high school seniors are surveyed once regarding their post-graduation plans. Twelfth grade students select from the following post-graduation options: four year college or university, vocational or technical college, employment, enlist in military, job training program; or other* options that include seeking employment, other plans, undecided, and no response.
Seniors’ Postgraduation Plans – 2009 4-year College
Voc/Tech College
Employment
Military
Job Training
Other*
54.5%
14.8%
2.9%
3.4%
1.4%
22.3%
55.7%
10.1%
0.7%
0.3%
0.3%
32.9%
70.4%
17.3%
1.0%
1.0%
3.6%
6.6%
53.2%
21.3%
10.6%
3.4%
4.2%
7.2%
51.2%
23.3%
5.9%
3.2%
1.2%
15.2%
Racine Burlington Union Grove Waterford Wisconsin
Percent of High School Seniors Percent of High School Seniors
- Racine Unified Postgraduation Plans Postgraduation Plans School District
Comparisons: The majority of Racine County teens plan to continue some type of education or training after high school. Most Racine County seniors plan on attending a college or university. However, a higher percentage of seniors living west of I-94 plan to go on to postsecondary education than Racine Unified School District (RUSD).
Racine Unified School District
60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
4-Year College
Voc/Tech college
Military
Job Training
2006
2007
Employment
2008
2009
Trends: The number of seniors from Union Grove High School planning to attend a four-year college has slightly increased since 1997 and has significantly increased since 2003.
Source: Wisconsin’s Information Network for Successful Schools (WINSS), Department of Public Instruction.
United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011 |
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EDUCATION
What’s Up, What’s Down for Education in Racine County The following graphs summarize trends over several years for selected indicators. This information gives us a baseline against which we can set potential long-term goals, track progress, and target investments in the community.
Percentage of adults (25 and older) with a Bachelor’s degree or higher ➤ Little or No Improvement
30% 25% 20% 15% 10%
For more detail, see page 4 of this report. Source: American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates, U.S. Census Bureau.
5% 0%
Percentage of fourth graders reading at the “proficient” level
96%
Racine Unified School District
86%
91%
81%
➤ Little or No Improvement
76% 71% 66%
Burlington Area School District ➤ Little or No Improvement
96% 91% 86% 81% 76% 71% 66%
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United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011
For more detail, see page 6 of this report. Source: Department of Public Instruction: Wisconsin’s Information Network for Successful Schools (WINSS)
What’s Up, What’s Down for Education in Racine County Average ACT exam composite score
23 22.5
Racine Unified School District ➤ Improvement but Gains Still to Be Made
22 21.5 21 20.5
For more detail, see page 9 of this report. Source: Department of Public Instruction: Wisconsin’s Information Network for Successful Schools (WINSS)
20
Waterford, Burlington, Union Grove school districts ➤ Improving
23 22.5 22 21.5 21 20.5 20
On-time high school graduation rate Racine Unified School District ➤ Little or No Improvement
94% 89% 84% 79% 74%
For more detail, see page 10 of this report. Source: Department of Public Instruction: Wisconsin’s Information Network for Successful Schools (WINSS)
69%
Waterford, Burlington, Union Grove school districts
94% 89%
➤ Little or No Improvement
84% 79% 74% 69%
United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011 |
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INDICATORS ON PROMOTING FINANCIAL
STABILITY
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United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2010
Income Income, as one of the building blocks for a good life, can bring lowerincome working families closer to financial stability and independence. In this section, we are highlighting several income-related indicators: poverty, food security, unemployment, homelessness, and living wage estimates. Together, these indicators provide an economic profile for the people for Racine County. The Wisconsin Department of Workforce Development’s monthly unemployment estimates for cities and counties showed Racine County’s rate at 8.4 percent for September 2010 which is lower than in 2009. In 2009, the rate was 9.6 percent. Racine County has the 10th highest unemployment rate among the 72 Wisconsin counties. The unemployment rate for the city of Racine was estimated at 12.8 percent, making it the Wisconsin city with the second highest unemployment rate.
United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011 |
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INCOME
Poverty in Racine County About the Indicator: The U.S. Census Bureau measures poverty based on the official poverty threshold. Whether a family is considered “in poverty” depends on family size and total pre-tax income. The poverty thresholds were originally calculated in 1963-1964 by taking the U.S. Department of Agriculture family food budget estimate and multiplying it by three (assuming a family spends a third of their income on food). The 1964 poverty threshold or poverty line has been updated every year for inflation using the Consumer Price Index. The 2009 Federal Poverty Threshold was $21,756 for a family of four (two adults, two children). The median household income (50% of households make more than this number and 50% make less than this number) is about $35,000 in the city of Racine, $52,000 for Racine County and $50,000 for Wisconsin. Comparisons: The city of Racine has a higher percentage of people living in poverty than Racine County and the state of Wisconsin. There are 16 percent more children living in families with incomes below poverty in the city of Racine when compared to state averages.
People and Families with Income Below Poverty Level – 2009 All people All people under 18 All families Married couple families Families with female householder, no husband present
City of Racine Racine County 22.7% 12.2% 32.7% 18.3% 17.2% 8.2% 9.7% 3.5% 32.3%
27.5%
Wisconsin 12.4% 16.7% 8.2% 3.3% 30.0%
People with Income Below Poverty Level People with Income Below Poverty Level People with Income Below Poverty Level 2525 2020
Percentof of People People Percent Percent of People
Comparisons: The percentage of people living in poverty has drastically increased since 2007 for the city of Racine. In fact, the percentage of people living in poverty has increased by 300 percent since 2007.
1515 1010 55 00
2005 2005 City ofof Racine City Racine
2006 2006
Racine County Racine County
Source: American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates, U.S. Census Bureau.
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United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011
2007 2007
2008 2008 Wisconsin Wisconsin
2009 2009 United States United States
Food Security About the Indicator: Households that have limited access to food because of a shortage of money or other resources are “food insecure.” In 2008, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Economic Research Service found that food insecurity rates were more prevalent in households with incomes below the poverty level, households headed by a single parent, Black households, and Hispanic households. The following indicators were selected to build a comprehensive understanding of the many factors influencing food security in Racine. Food Security Profile – 2009 Selected indicators City of Racine 22.7% Poverty rate 32.7% Child poverty rate 14.1% Unemployment rate 10.0% Families headed by single mother 12.4% Non-elderly adults with disability 64.0% Renters paying 30% or more of income for rent 12.7% Households with no vehicles available 15.7% Household receiving food stamps 56.6% Children qualifying for free/reduced lunch 73.1% Qualifying children participating in free or reduced price lunch program 74.1% Average daily participation in free or reduced price lunch program N/A Congregate meals served to elderly (2008) N/A Home-delivered meals served to elderly (2008) N/A WIC total participants (2008)
Racine County 12.2% 18.3% 9.4% 6.4% 9.5% 56.0% 7.4% 8.9% 48.4% 73.4%
Wisconsin 12.4% 16.7% 7.9% 6.6% 8.8% 48.0% 6.7% 8.5% 39.0% 94.1%
63.9%
43.9%
42,819 71,562 8,882
1,973,394 2,191,526 203,790
Source: School Nutrition Programs, Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction. August 2010 Preliminary, Unadjusted Labor Force Estimates, State of Wisconsin Department of Workforce Development. Wisconsin Food Security Project, UW Extension. 2009 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates, U.S. Census Bureau. Household Food Security in the United States, USDA, Economic Research Service, 2008.
United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011 |
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INCOME
Unemployment About the Indicator: The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics produces unemployment statistics based on responses from the Current Population Survey (CPS) which is given monthly to a representative sample of people in the country. State and local unemployment estimates are drawn from a combination of current and historical CPS data, the Current Employment Statistics (CES) program and State Unemployment Insurance systems. The unemployment rate is calculated as the number of unemployed individuals divided by the labor force. People are classified as unemployed if they do not have jobs, are looking for jobs, and are available for work. The labor force includes people who are employed and those unemployed that meet the previously stated definition.
Current 12.8% 8.4 % 7.9% 9.6%
Month Ago 14.1% 9.4% 7.9% 9.6%
Year Ago 14.5% 9.6% 8.0% 9.5%
Unemployment Rate Unemployment Rate Unemployment Rate 18 18 16 16 14 14 Unemployment Rate
Comparisons: The city of Racine’s unemployment rates for the past 18 months have consistently remained higher than the county, state and country.
City of Racine Racine County Wisconsin United States
Unemployment Rate Unemployment Rate
Comparisons: The unemployment rate for the city of Racine was estimated at 12.8 percent, making it the city with the second highest unemployment rate in Wisconsin. Racine County’s estimated unemployment rate of 8.4 percent makes it the county with the 10th highest unemployment rate out of the 72 Wisconsin counties.
Unadjusted Unemployment Rates – September 2010
12 12 10 10 8
8
6
6
4
4
2
2
0
0 MarMay '09 May '09 '09 July Sep '09 Sep '09 Nov Jan '10 '10 May Jul '10 Mar '09 '09 July '09 Nov '09 '09 Jan '10 Mar Mar '10 May '10 '10 Jul '10 SepSep '10 '10 City of Racine City of Racine
Racine County Racine County
Wisconsin Wisconsin
United States United States
Source: State of Wisconsin Department of Workforce Development. How the Government Measures Unemployment, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, February 2009.
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United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011
Homelessness About the Indicator: A “point in time” count of sheltered and unsheltered homeless people is done every January by the Homeless Assistance Coalition of Racine County. Service providers and volunteers set out to locate and account for every homeless individual in Racine County. All homeless individuals are interviewed on this day in order to obtain additional demographic data. This year, the count was conducted on January 27, 2010, and the homeless persons count totaled 236.
Homeless Population – January 27, 2010
Households with children Persons in households w/ children Persons in households w/o children (single individuals) Persons in households w/ only children TOTAL PERSONS
Sheltered Unsheltered Emergency Transitional 6 10 1 26 50 2
17 78
98
55
4
157
1
0
0
1
125
105
6
236
Homeless Subpopulations – January 27, 2010 Category Chronically Homeless Seriously Mentally Ill Chronic Substance Abuse Veterans Persons with HIV/AIDS Victims of Domestic Violence Unaccompanied Youth
Total
Sheltered 15 30 53 36 0 44 1
Comparisons: Out of the interviewed homeless individuals, chronic substance abuse was the most prevalent issue or condition reported.
Source: Point in Time Summary for Wisconsin - Racine City/County, Homeless Assistance Coalition of Racine County, January 27, 2010.
United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011 |
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INCOME
Living Wage Estimates About the Indicator: Most economic development and welfare reform discussions center around unemployment and poverty rates, focusing on individuals who are already living in crisis. The living wage concept seeks to re-focus on the “working poor” – those that work full time, but still cannot meet the basic needs of their family. The following living wage rates assume full-time work (or 2080 hours a year) and are based on minimum estimates of monthly expenses. The living wage rates are calculated based on data from various governmental agencies (U.S. Department of Agriculture, U.S. Census Bureau, U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, and U.S. Energy Information Administration).
Food Child care Medical Housing
Estimated Monthly Household Expenses – Racine County One Adult One Adult, Two Adults One Child $232 $378 $448 $0 $572 $0 $76 $151 $152 $569 $714 $569
Transportation Other necessities Required monthly post-tax income Required annual post-tax income Annual taxes Required annual pre-tax income Comparisons: The minimum wage ($7.25) is less than the calculated living wage in all cases, with the exception of two full-time working adults without children. From these calculations, it appears a slightly higher wage is necessary to support a household outside of the city of Racine.
$232 $188 $1,297 $15,564 $1,161 $16,725
$397 $369 $2,581 $30,972 $2,129 $33,101
Two Adults, One Child $594 $572 $227 $714
Two Adults, Two Children $740 $1,012 $302 $714
$629 $557 $3,293 $39,516 $2,792 $42,308
$794 $738 $4,300 $51,605 $3,556 $55,161
$464 $376 $2,009 $24,108 $1,756 $25,864
Living Wage Calculation – 2008 City of Racine
Racine County
Wisconsin
One adult One adult, one child Two adults Two adults, one child
$8.04 $15.91 $12.43 $20.34
$8.66 $17.37 $13.64 $22.35
$7.76 $15.34 $12.18 $19.75
Two adults, two children
$26.52
$29.27
$25.82
Source: Living Wage Calculator and Living Wage Project, Poverty in America, 2008.
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United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011
Elder Economic Security About the Indicator: Financial needs and expenses change throughout the life course. In old age, individuals often struggle with rising housing and medical expenses. Because most elders live on a fixed income, rising costs can be financially devastating. The Wisconsin Women’s Network partnered with Wider Opportunities for Women to calculate the Elder Economic Security Standard Index. The index calculates basic living costs for individuals and couples ages 65 and older. In addition, the index integrates medical costs, based on varying degrees of health. Average yearly expenses for a Racine County elder homeowner without a mortgage would be $18,472, assuming good health and lower health care costs.
Elder Economic Security – Racine County
Monthly expenses Yearly expenses Average county social security payment, 2008
Elder Person (Age 65+) Elder Couple (one or both age 65+) Owner w/o Renter, One Owner w/ Owner w/o Renter, One Owner w/ Mortgage Bedroom Mortgage Mortgage Bedroom Mortgage $1,539 $1,622 $2,298 $2,371 $2,454 $3,130 $18,472 $19,470 $25,575 $28,455 $29,453 $37,558 $13,872
$22,840
Comparisons: The average annual county social security payment is well below typical annual expenses for both healthy and medically-needy elders. Elders must deplete their savings, rely on family members, or take on debt in order to meet their daily needs. Elder Economic Security – Racine County Need for long term care (LTC) None Low (6 Hours) Medium (16 hours) High w/ adult day care (36 hours) High w/o adult day care (36 hours) Average annual county social security payment
LTC Cost Per Year $0 $7,225 $18,887 $33,579 $41,932
Elder Person (Age 65+) Elder Couple (one or both age 65+) Owner w/o Renter, One Owner w/ Owner w/o Renter, One Owner w/ Mortgage Bedroom Mortgage Mortgage Bedroom Mortgage $18,472 $19,470 $25,575 $28,455 $29,453 $37,558 $25,697 $26,695 $34,800 $35,681 $36,678 $44,783 $37,359 $38,357 $46,462 $47,343 $48,341 $56,445 $52,051 $53,049 $61,154 $62,034 $63,032 $71,137 $60,404
$61,402 $13,872
$69,507
$70,387
$71,385
$79,490
$22,840
Source: The Elder Economic Security Standard Index for Wisconsin, Elder Economic Security Initiative Program, Wisconsin Women’s Network, Wider Opportunities for Women, 2008.
United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011 |
21
INCOME
What’s Up, What’s Down for Income in Racine County The following graphs summarize trends over several years for selected indicators. This information gives us a baseline against which we can set potential long-term goals, track progress, and target investments in the community.
Percentage of households paying 30% or more of income on mortgage/rent ➤ Worsening
50% 45% 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15%
For more detail, see page 17 of this report. Source: American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates, U.S. Census Bureau
10% 5% 0%
Percentage of children living below the poverty level ➤ Worsening
20% 18% 16% 14% 12% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2%
For more detail, see page 16 of this report. Source: American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates, U.S. Census Bureau
0%
Percentage of households with no vehicle available ➤ Little or No Improvement
20% 18% 16% 14% 12% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0%
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United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011
For more detail, see page 17 of this report. Source: American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates, U.S. Census Bureau
What’s Up, What’s Down for Income in Racine County
Percentage of families living below the poverty level ➤ Worsening
20% 18% 16% 14% 12% 10% 8% 6%
For more detail, see page 16 of this report. Source: American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates, U.S. Census Bureau
4% 2% 0%
Number of homeless individuals
350 300
➤ Improving
250 200 150 100
For more detail, see page 19 of this report. Source: Point in Time Summary for Wisconsin – Racine City/ County, Homeless Assistance Coalition of Racine County
50 0
Unemployment rate
12% 10%
➤ Worsening
For more detail, see page 18 of this report.
8% 6% 4% 2%
Source: State of Wisconsin Department of Workforce Development
0%
United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011 |
23
HEALTH
INDICATORS ON
IMPROVING THE HEALTH OF CHILDREN AND ADULTS
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United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011
HEALTH
Health Children and adults with good health can be more efficient at both school and work, increasing their chances of success. In this section, we will present key health indicators for our community. Ensuring good health for youth begins even before birth. Important factors contribute to a healthy life progression for youth: prenatal care and a normal birthweight, continuing on to normal blood lead levels, no tobacco or drug use or alcohol abuse, safe sex, and a normal weight. Adults can continue a healthy lifestyle by preventing STDs, not abusing substances or tobacco, not committing crimes, and not abusing others.
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of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011 | United Way of Racine County Community IndicatorsUnited ReportWay 2011
25
HEALTH
Prenatal Care About the Indicator: Women who do not receive prenatal care (medical care before giving birth) are at greater risk for having a low birth weight baby. Prenatal care also improves birth outcomes by linking women with nutrition and smoking cessation information. The earlier the prenatal care, the better the life chances are for newborns. Note: On January 1, 2006, the 2003 Revision of the U.S. Standard Certificate of Live Birth was implemented. These changes affected the county, state and national data sets due to variation in implementation and reporting. Women Receiving First-Trimester Prenatal Care
Women Receiving First-Trimester Prenatal Care
Percent PercentofofNew NewMothers Mothers
86 84 82 80 78 76 74 72 2000
2001
2002
Racine County
2003
2004
Wisconsin
2005
2006
2007
2008
United States
First Trimester Prenatal Care Visit Care by Race/Ethnicity of First-Trimester Prenatal Visit Mother by Race/Ethnicity of Mother in Racine County Percent of New Mothers Percent of New Mothers
Comparisons: The percentage of women in Racine County receiving first trimester prenatal care (77.7%) lags behind Wisconsin (82.2%) and the nation (80.9% in 2006). Trends: The percentage of women receiving first trimester prenatal care in Racine, Wisconsin and the U.S. has slightly decreased over the last ten years. This decrease could be due to the 2006 change to the birth certificate which elicits more accurate data. Comparisons: White women have consistently higher rates of first trimester prenatal care than Black and Hispanic women in Racine County. In 2008, first trimester prenatal care was 88 percent for White women, 67 percent for Black women, and 72 percent for Hispanic women. Trends: The percentage of Hispanic women receiving first trimester prenatal care has increased since 2000.
100 95 90 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 2000
2001
2002 White
2003
2004
Black
2005
2006
2007
2008
Hispanic
Source: Wisconsin Department of Health Services, Division of Public Health, Office of Health Informatics. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, VitalStats. Annie E. Casey Foundation, 2009.
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United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011
Low Birthweight Babies About the Indicator: Low birthweight babies (babies born under 2,500 grams, or 5 lbs. 8 ozs.) are at a higher risk for death within the first year of life. Low birthweight babies are also at high risk for developmental problems which can hinder success in school throughout their lives. Some of these potential problems are slowed brain growth and learning problems such as delayed speech, difficulty paying attention, hyperactivity, and lower IQ. Research done in 2000 suggests an intergenerational cycle of low birthweight babies. An infant is four times more likely to be a low birthweight baby if the mother was one herself and six times more likely if the father was born under 2,500 grams. Low Birthweight Newborns
Low Birthweight Babies (less than 5.5 lbs.)
Percent of Percent ofNew NewBirths Births
10
Comparisons: The percentage of low birthweight newborns is much higher in Racine County than the state. In 2008, the percentage of newborn babies weighing less than 2,500 grams in Racine County increased to a high of 9.5 percent.
9 8 7 6 5 2000
2001
2002
Racine County
Percent New Births Percentof of New Births
18
2003
2004
Wisconsin
2005
2006
2007
2008
United States
Trends: While the trend over time shows little or no change, the racial disparities for low birthweight babies in Racine County were the largest between Black and White newborns with an 8.2 percentage point difference in 2008.
Low Birthweight (less than 5.5 of lbs.) Low Birthweight BabiesBabies by Race/Ethnicity Mother by Race/Ethnicity of Mother in Racine County
16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 2000
2001
2002 White
2003
2004 Black
2005
2006
2007
2008
Hispanic
Source: Wisconsin Department of Health Services, Division of Public Health, Office of Health Informatics. The Annie E. Casey Foundation, 2003.
United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011 |
27
HEALTH
Infant Mortality Rate About the Indicator: Infant mortality refers to deaths that occur within the first year of life. The infant mortality “rate” is the number of infant deaths per 1,000 live births during that year. Large gains have been made in decreasing the infant mortality rate in the United States over the last 50 years. The rate dropped from 26.0 in 1960 to 6.9 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2000 largely due to gains in the medical field.
Infant Mortality RateRate Infant Mortality Infant Mortality 16 16 14 14 12 12
per 1,000 Live Births
Number of infant Number of Infantdeaths Deaths per 1,000 Live Births perNumber 1,000 Live Births of Infant Deaths
Comparisons: The 2008 infant mortality rate is much higher for the city of Racine (10.8) when compared to the county (9.4), state (7.0) and national (6.8 in 2007) rates. Racine’s city and county rates started to diverge greatly from the state and national statistics in 2000.
8
8
6
6
4
4
2
2
0
0
10 10
200020002001200120022002200320032004200420052005200620062007200720082008 City City of Racine of Racine
Wisconsin Wisconsin
U.S.U.S.
Racine County Infant Mortality by Race/Ethnicity Racine County Infant Mortality by Race/Ethnicity Infant Mortality by Race/Ethnicity in Racine County 45 45 40 40 35 35 30 30
Number of Infant Deaths per 1,000 Live Births
Number of Infant infantDeaths deaths Number of per LiveBirths Births per 1,000 1,000 Live
Comparisons: Rates of infant mortality for African American mothers has been higher than for White or Hispanic mothers. Racine County’s infant mortality rate for African American children of 21.8 is similar to infant mortality rates in Vietnam, Honduras and Mexico.
Racine County Racine County
25 25 20 20 15 15 10 10 5
5
0
0 20002000 20012001 20022002 20032003 20042004 20052005 20062006 20072007 20082008 WhiteWhite
African American African American
Hispanic Hispanic
Source: Wisconsin Department of Health Services, Division of Public Health, Office of Health Informatics. World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency. Annie E. Casey Foundation, 2009.
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United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011
Elevated Lead Levels About the Indicator: Lead poisoning (lead levels of greater than 10 milligrams per deciliter of blood) can have significantly adverse effects on children. Lead poisoning can hinder brain development as lead-poisoned children have been shown to have lower IQs, learning disabilities and behavioral issues. Lead poisoning has also been linked to kidney disease, Alzheimer’s disease and other life-shortening illnesses in adults. The city of Racine Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Program recommends children be tested for lead poisoning every year until the age of six. Lead Poisoning in Children Under Age Six – 2009 City of Racine Number of children under age six - county (2000) Number of children tested/screened Number of confirmed cases % with lead poisoning
Caledonia/Mt. Pleasant Health Department
Western Racine County Health Department
14,597 3,482
1,007
741
37
2
4
1.1%
0.2%
0.5%
Lead Poisoned PoisonedChildren Childrenin-Racine RacineCounty County Lead
Trends: The percent of tested children with lead poisoning has significantly decreased since 2000 in Racine County.
10
Percent of Tested Children Percent of Tested Under Age Children Six
9
Comparisons: The percentage of children with lead poisoning was slightly higher in the city of Racine than in surrounding communities. Only 35 percent of Racine County children were screened or tested for lead poisoning in 2009.
8.6
8 7 6
5.4
5
4.0
4
4.6 3.8
3.8
3 2
1.8
1.8
2006
2007
1 0 2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
Source: City of Racine. Western Racine County Health Department. Caledonia/Mt. Pleasant Health Department. Department of Health Services, Division of Public Health, Wisconsin Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Program. United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011 |
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HEALTH
Teen Birth Rate About the Indicator: The teen birth rate is the number of live births per 1,000 females ages 15-19. The category for age 20 and younger (<20) includes mothers that are younger than 15 years old. Teen mothers are more likely to receive prenatal care later on in their pregnancy and have a baby with low birthweight. In Wisconsin, the infant mortality rate is higher for mothers under age 20 (10.8) as compared to mothers over 20 years of age (6.6). In 2008, there were 290 births to teen mothers under age 20 in Racine County.
Teen Birth Rates by Selected Cities of Residence â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Wisconsin 2008 Comparisons: The 2008 teen birth rate in the city of Racine is the second highest in the state. The city of Racine teen birth rate is more than 2.5 times the state rate and even higher for Milwaukee. In fact, Racine has the highest teen birth rate in the state among 15-19 year old mothers.
City Racine Kenosha Madison Milwaukee Green Bay Wisconsin
Teen Birth Rate (15-19) 83.4 63.9 18.7 82.0 65.4 30.9
Teen Birth Rate (<20) 84.9 64.5 19.0 83.6 66.0 31.3
Teen Birth Rates for Racine County
Teens 15-17 Teens 18-19
1999 31.2 73.3
2000 25.0 107.2
2001 26.6 72.9
2002 26.0 82.9
2003 28.5 77.7
2004 24.2 69.3
2005 29.0 71.7
2006 27.6 73.3
2007 24.2 85.4
2008 25.9 72.9
Source: Births to Teens in Wisconsin, Wisconsin Department of Health Services, Division of Public Health, Office of Health Informatics.
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United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Number of Number of Cases Cases
About the Indicator: Reports of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) such as Chlamydia, Gonorrhea and Syphilis are collected by the Wisconsin Division of Public Health from local health departments. The Wisconsin Divison of Public Health publishes STD rates every year. The rate of STDs is the number of reported cases per 100,000 of the population. In 2009, Racine County had the second highest rate of STDs in the state. The 20-24 age group had the highest rate of 3,533 compared to the 15-19 age group with a rate of 3,070. Fifty-eight percent of the cases involved African American individuals and 27 percent involved White individuals. About 71 percent of the cases occurred within females and 28 percent in males. Chlamydia was the most common STD contracted with 985 cases in 2009. In fact, the number of Chlamydia cases increased by 68.9 percent between 2000 and 2009. Reported STD Trends: Since 2005, there has Reported STDCases Cases-â&#x20AC;&#x201C;Racine Racine County County been a 3.8 percent decrease in 1,600 the reported cases of STDs in 1,337 1,332 1,400 1,302 Racine County. Since 2000, the 1,199 1,188 1,165 1,115 1,200 number of reported cases has 1,007 953 increased by 277 (30%). 1,000 911 800 600 400 200 0 2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
HIV/AIDS: In 2009, there were 443 cases of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection reported in Wisconsin. This represents an 11 percent increase since 2008 and a 32 percent increase since 2001. Men who have sex with men (MSM) accounted for 68 percent of the reported 2009 cases, while females made up 16 percent and injection drug related cases made up 10 percent. The majority of the newly reported HIV cases came from Milwaukee; however, 13 cases were reported in Racine County.
Source: Wisconsin Division of Public Health, Wisconsin STD Program, Wisconsin Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance Reports.
United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011 |
31
HEALTH
Youth Developmental Assets About the Indicator: Developmental assets are external and internal factors which seem to enhance the health and well-being of youth. Drawing from their extensive research on child and youth development, Search Institute has found that the 40 developmental assets are powerful in shaping teen behavior, reducing negative risky behaviors and increasing positive ones. And the effects are cumulativeâ&#x20AC;Ś the more assets, the better. Racine County youth, grades 7 to 12, were surveyed in April and May, 2010, using the Profiles of Student Life: Attitudes and Behaviors instrument. More than 7,100 students from Racine County public and private middle and high schools participated in the survey. This survey was also given in 1997, 2002 and 2006. Average Number of Developmental Assets - 2010 18.6
Average Number of Developmental Assets â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 2010 18.4
18.4
Number of Assets
Average Number of Assets
Comparisons: Racine County students possess, on average, 17.9 of the 40 developmental assets. The Search Institute urges communities to strive to ensure that youth develop 31 or more of the 40 assets.
18.2 18.0
18.1 17.9
17.9 17.8
17.8 17.6
17.6
17.5
17.4 17.2 17.0 Total
7
8
9
10
11
12
Grade Trends: For each of the four years the survey has been given, results have been relatively similar. The number of assets youth report shows a slight positive increase since 1997.
Racine County Students by Number of Assets Youth with 31-40 assets Youth with 21-30 assets Youth with 11-20 assets Youth with 0-10 assets
1997 4% 27% 45% 24%
2002 5% 27% 44% 24%
2006 5% 28% 44% 22%
2010 7% 30% 44% 19%
Source: Developmental Assets: A Profile of Your Youth, Racine County Schools, July 2010. Search Institute of Minneapolis.
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United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011
Constructive Use of Time
Boundaries and Expectations
Empowerment
Support
Youth Developmental Assets - External Category
External Assets
1997
2002
2006
2010
Family support
Family provides high levels of love and support.
61%
61%
63%
65%
Positive family communication
Young person and parent(s) communicate and young person is willing to seek advice and counsel from parent(s).
20%
24%
23%
24%
Other positive adult relationships
Young person receives support from three or more nonparent adults.
40%
40%
40%
43%
Caring neighborhood
Young person experiences caring neighborhoods.
34%
30%
30%
33%
Caring school climate
School provides a caring, encouraging environment.
20%
20%
24%
27%
Parent involvement in schooling
Parent(s) actively involved in helping young person succeed.
26%
23%
25%
26%
Community values youth
Young person perceives that adults in the community value youth.
15%
16%
17%
20%
Youth as resources
Young people are given useful roles in the community.
23%
21%
23%
25%
Service to others
Young person serves in the community one hour or more per week.
48%
47%
48%
49%
Safety
Young person feels safe at home, at school, and in the neighborhood.
46%
53%
51%
53%
Family boundaries
Family has clear rules and consequences, and monitors the young person’s whereabouts.
39%
40%
40%
42%
School boundaries
School provides clear rules and consequences.
38%
40%
41%
47%
Neighborhood boundaries
Neighbors take responsibility for monitoring young people’s behavior.
43%
43%
42%
45%
Adult role models
Parent(s) and other adults model positive, responsible behavior.
23%
21%
23%
23%
Positive peer influence
Young person’s best friends model responsible behavior.
52%
57%
57%
60%
High expectations
Both parent(s) and teachers encourage the young person to do well.
39%
39%
43%
47%
Creative activities
Young person spends three or more hours per week in lessons or practice in music, theater, or other arts.
20%
21%
20%
17%
Youth programs
Young person spends three or more hours per week in sports, clubs, or organizations at school and/or in community organizations.
54%
52%
54%
51%
Religious community
Young person spends one hour or more per week in activities in a religious institution.
57%
55%
54%
49%
Time at home
Young person is out with friends “with nothing special to do” two or fewer nights per week.
42%
46%
47%
46%
United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011 |
33
HEALTH
Positive Identity
Social Competencies
Positive Values
Commitment to Learning
Youth Developmental Assets - Internal
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Category
Internal Assets
1997
2002
2006
2010
Achievement motivation
Young person is motivated to do well in school.
61%
60%
61%
64%
School engagement
Young person is actively engaged in learning.
60%
57%
52%
54%
Homework
47%
48%
41%
41%
Bonding to school
Young person reports doing at least one hour of homework every school day. Young person cares about her or his school.
46%
42%
46%
49%
Reading for pleasure
Young person reads for pleasure three or more hours per week.
21%
22%
23%
23%
Caring
Young person places high value on helping other people.
40%
42%
47%
50%
Equality and social justice
42%
44%
49%
50%
61%
62%
65%
68%
Honesty
Young person places high value on promoting equality and reducing hunger and poverty. Young person acts on convictions and stands up for her or his beliefs. Young person “tells the truth even when it is not easy.”
55%
59%
62%
65%
Responsibility
Young person accepts and takes personal responsibility.
54%
56%
61%
64%
Restraint
Young person believes it is important not to be sexually active or to use alcohol or other drugs. Young person knows how to plan ahead and make choices.
34%
39%
38%
38%
27%
28%
28%
30%
Young person has empathy, sensitivity, and friendship skills.
40%
41%
41%
43%
Young person has knowledge of and comfort with people of different cultural/racial/ethnic backgrounds. Resistance skills Young person can resist negative peer pressure and dangerous situations. Peaceful conflict resolution Young person seeks to resolve conflict nonviolently.
35%
40%
40%
40%
33%
37%
37%
39%
39%
36%
36%
36%
Personal power
42%
39%
39%
43%
Self-esteem
Young person feels he or she has control over “things that happen to me.” Young person reports having a high self-esteem.
50%
46%
46%
50%
Sense of purpose
Young person reports that “my life has a purpose.”
55%
56%
56%
60%
Positive view of personal future
Young person is optimistic about her or his personal future.
69%
69%
69%
71%
Integrity
Planning and decisionmaking Interpersonal competence Cultural competence
United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011
High-Risk Youth Behaviors About the Indicator: Racine County youth were surveyed regarding risk-taking behaviors. The high-risk behavior that the most (34%) Racine County youth reported was â&#x20AC;&#x153;violent actsâ&#x20AC;? which include fighting, hitting, injuring, carrying or using a weapon, or threatening harm. Youth were also asked specifically about their substance use and whether they used marijuana, sniffed or inhaled substances to get high, or used other illicit drugs in the last year. Illicit drugs include cocaine, PCP, LSD, heroin, and amphetamines. Youth were also asked to report whether they used alcohol at least once in the last 30 days. Students Reporting High-Risk Behaviors 1997 27% 24% 25% 43% 28% 26% 24% 26% 21% 30%
Gambling Driving after drinking Skipping school Committing violent acts Shoplifting, vandalising or having contact with police Being frequently depressed/Attempting suicide Being sexually active Using illicit drugs Smoking daily Using alcohol frequently or heavily
50 45 35
Percent of Youth
Percent of ofYouth Percent Youth
40 30 25 20 15 10
Youth Reporting Substance Abuse Youth Reporting Substance Abuse Youth Reporting Substance Abuse 50 45 40 35 30 25
2002 18% 21% 28% 37% 23% 27% 23% 22% 12% 24%
2006 19% 20% 26% 39% 25% 26% 23% 18% 9% 25%
2010 12% 17% 21% 34% 20% 23% 24% 18% 7% 19%
Comparisons: Alcohol use is the most common substance used by students in Grade 12, closely followed by marijuana. A higher percentage of middle school students reported using inhalants than high-schoolers.
20 15 10
5
5
0
0 GradeGrade 7 8 9 9 Grade 10 10 Grade 11 11 Grade 12 12 7 GradeGrade 8 GradeGrade Grade Grade Grade
Alcohol Alcohol
Inhalants Inhalants
Marijuana Marijuana
Other Ilicit Drugs Other Illicit Drugs
Source: Developmental Assets: A Profile of Your Youth, Racine County Schools, July 2010. Search Institute of Minneapolis.
United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011 |
35
HEALTH
Incidence of Child Abuse and Neglect About the Indicator: Alleged child maltreatment is reported to Racine County Human Services Department and investigated by the Child Protective Services Investigations Unit. Child maltreatment, pertaining to children 17 years and younger, is generally divided into four basic types: physical abuse, physical neglect, sexual abuse, and emotional abuse. Threats of child abuse and neglect must also be reported and are categorized as â&#x20AC;&#x153;maltreatment that is likely to occur.â&#x20AC;? Abuse and neglect is linked with language deficits, reduced cognitive functioning and attention deficit disorders. Neglected and abused children tend to have lower grades, standardized test scores and rates of grade promotion. Substantiated Cases Child Abuse/Neglect Substantiated Cases ofofChild Abuse/Neglect Substantiated Cases of Child Abuse/Neglect (Children birth to age 17) (Children Birth to Age 17) (Children Birth to Age 17) Number of Reported Cases
250250
Number Cases Numberof of Reported Reported Cases
Trends: Substantiated physical child abuse cases in Racine County increased by 75 percent since 2005. There has been a steady decrease in the number of substantiated sexual child abuse cases since 2000.
200200 150150 100100 50 50 0 0 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 Physical Abuse Physical Abuse
Physical Neglect Physical Neglect
Sexual Abuse Sexual Abuse
Abuse Likely Abuse Likely
Source: Wisconsin Department of Children and Families. Wisconsin Child Abuse and Neglect Report. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Reproductive and Birth Outcomes.
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United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011
Incidence of Other Abuse About the Indicator: Domestic violence is a pattern of coercive behavior that may include physical, sexual, economic, emotional, and/or psychological abuse by an intimate family member. Due to the implementation of the new data collection system, PROTECT, Racine County domestic violence statistics were not available between 2006 and 2008. Elder abuse is a neglectful or intentionally harmful act performed by a “trusted” individual or caregiver to a vulnerable elder. Elder abuse can include exploitation, neglect, abandonment, physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, and even self-neglect. The National Center on Elder Abuse reports that more than one in ten elders may experience some kind of abuse, but only one in five abuses are actually reported. Therefore, the elder abuse statistics reported may be an underestimation of actual elder abuse in Racine County. Domestic Violence Incidents Reported in County Racine County Domestic Violence in Racine Trends: The number of reported 1,600 1,488 domestic violence incidents has steadily increased since 1997. 1,400 Number of Incidents Number of Cases
1,259
1,200 1,000
1,084
1,122
2001
2002
1,188
955
800 600 400 200 0 2000
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Elder Abuse RacineCounty County Elder Abuse in in Racine
Number of Reports Number of Reports
250
222 205
200 155
150
Trends: Reports of elder abuse have increased by eight percent since 2008 and by 149 percent since 2000.
170 140
137
128 110
100
89
77
50 0 2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Source: Department of Justice. Office of Crime Victim Services. Racine County District Attorney’s Office. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Wisconsin Department of Health Services.
United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011 |
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HEALTH
Substance Abuse About the Indicator: Because substance abuse impacts not only the individual abuser, but family, friends and the community, there are many potential indicators of substance abuse. One indicator is the annual number of hospitalizations due to substance abuse. In 2007, there were 25 deaths where alcohol was the underlying or contributing cause of death in Racine County. Another specific indicator of substance abuse is the number of injuries and deaths due to alcohol-related motor vehicle accidents.
Alcohol and Drug-Related Hospitalizations
Alcohol and Drug-Related Hospitalizations
450 400
Number NumberHospitalized Hospitalized
Trends: Alcohol-related hospitalizations have fluctuated over the past years dipping to 280 in 2003 and then back up to 391 in 2005. Since 2005, there has been a 10 percent decrease in alcohol-related hospitalizations in Racine County. Hospitalizations due to drug abuse increased by 43 percent in 2003, but then decreased by 23 percent since 2005.
350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 2000
2001
2002
2003
Alcohol
2005
2006
2007
2006
2007
Drugs
Alcohol-Related Motor Vehicle Accidents
Alcohol-Related Motor Vehicle Accidents
350 300
Number ofofIncidences Number Incidences
Trends: The number of Racine County alcohol-related motor vehicle accidents resulting in death has remained somewhat consistent over the last ten years. On the other hand, the number of alcohol-related motor vehicle accidents resulting in injury has significantly decreased since 2003.
2004
250 200 150 100 50 0 2000
2001
2002
2003
Injuries
Source: Wisconsin Department of Health Services.
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United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011
2004 Deaths
2005
Tobacco Use About the Indicator: Tobacco use has immediate and long-term negative effects on individuals and society and is the “leading preventable cause of death in the United States.” Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the United States, and most lung cancer deaths are caused by cigarette smoking. In 2007, 283 deaths in Racine County were directly attributable to tobacco use. Twenty percent of Racine County residents selfidentified as being current smokers in the 2008 national Behavioral Risk Factor Survey, which is generally consistent with the state average (19.9%). About 14 percent or 363 of the 2,623 Racine County births in 2008 were from mothers who were smokers. Lung County LungCancer CancerDeaths Deathsinin Racine Racine County
Number Deaths Numberof of Deaths
120 100
113
111 88
108
102
107 90
88
Trends: The number of lung cancer deaths in Racine County peaked in 1998 and has since decreased by 27 percent.
80 60 40 20 0 2000
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Tobacco Use in Racine County Tobacco Use in Racine County
60
Percent of of Residents Residents Percent
2001
Trends: There has been an eight percent decrease since 2001 in Racine County residents who have never smoked. Since the 2004 peak of 31.8 percent, there has been a 36 percent decrease in the number of current smokers.
50 40 30 20 10 0 2004
2005
Current Smoker
2006 Former Smoker
2007
2008
Never Smoked
Source: Surgeon General’s Report, Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2004. Behavioral Risk Factor Survey, Wisconsin Department of Health Services.
United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011 |
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HEALTH
Safety: Juvenile Crime About the Indicator: Juvenile crime can be measured by the number of youth, 17 years and younger, who are taken into custody by a law officer. In Racine County, there were 4,253 apprehensions of juveniles in 2009. This represents a four percent decrease since 2008. Of the total juvenile apprehensions or arrests, 50 were for violent crimes and 648 were for property crimes like burglary, theft, arson, and vandalism. Offenses committed by juveniles due to their under-age status or â&#x20AC;&#x153;status arrestsâ&#x20AC;? in Racine County for 2009 include 137 for liquor law violations, 470 for curfew violations and 33 as runaways.
600 500
NumberofofArrests Arrests Number
Trends: There was a 21 percent increase in juvenile theft arrests in Racine County from 2008 to 2009. Juvenile weapons arrests decreased by 42 percent from 2008 to 2009.
Racine Juvenile Arrests RacineCounty County Juvenile Arrests
400 300 200 100 0 2000
2001
2002 Theft
Theft Sexual assault Weapons
2003
2004
2005
Sexual Assault
2007
United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011
2008
2009
Weapons
Racine County Students by Number of Arrests 2000 2005 2008 530 469 370 98 95 32 73 92 59
Source: Wisconsin Department of Health and Family Services: Racine County Profile
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2006
2009 449 34 34
Safety: Adult Crime About the Indicator: Criminal activity is described as either Part I or Part II crimes. “Part I crime” includes murder, manslaughter, rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, theft, motor vehicle theft, and arson. “Part II crime” consists of vandalism, disorderly conduct and drug possession crimes. In 2009, aggravated assault accounted for 47 percent of all violent crimes committed in Racine County.
PartI ICrime Crime in in Racine Racine County Part County 9,000
8,459
8,000
7,170
7,000
Number ofofIncidents Number Incidents
Trends: The number of Part I crimes in Racine County peaked in 2001 and have since decreased by 26 percent. There was a 10 percent decrease in Part I crimes from 2008 to 2009.
6,917
7,352
7,332
7,372
6,925
6,995 6,262
6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Source: Crime in Wisconsin, Wisconsin Office of Justice Assistance.
United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011 |
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HEALTH
What’s Up, What’s Down for Health in Racine County
The following graphs summarize trends over several years for selected indicators. This information gives us a baseline against which we can set potential long-term goals, track progress, and target investments in the community.
Percentage of low birthweight babies born annually ➤ Worsening
10% 9% 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2%
For more detail, see page 27 of this report. Source: Wisconsin Department of Health Services, Division of Public Health, Office of Health Informatics.
1% 0%
Infant mortality rate
14 12
➤ Little or No Improvement
10 8 6 4
For more detail, see page 28 of this report. Source: Wisconsin Department of Health Services, Division of Public Health, Office of Health Informatics.
2 0
Teen birth rate among 15 to 17 year old mothers ➤ Worsening
35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0
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United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011
For more detail, see page 30 of this report. Source: Births to Teens in Wisconsin, Wisconsin Department of Health Services, Division of Public Health, Office of Health Informatics.
What’s Up, What’s Down for Health in Racine County Part I crime incidents ➤ Improving
9,000 8,000 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000
For more detail, see page 41 of this report. Crime in Wisconsin, Wisconsin Office of Justice Assistance.
3,000 2,000 1,000 0
Percentage of residents who currently smoke
35% 30%
For more detail, see page 39 of this report.
25%
➤ Improving
20% 15% 10%
Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Survey, Wisconsin Department of Health Services.
5% 0%
Percentage of students who report using alcohol frequently or heavily
35% 30% 25%
➤ Improvements but gains still to be made
20% 15% 10% 5%
For more detail, see page 35 of this report. Source: Developmental Assets: A Profile of Your Youth, Racine County Schools. Search Institute of Minneapolis.
0%
Percentage of students who report smoking daily ➤ Improving
25% 20% 15% 10% 5%
For more detail, see page 35 of this report. Source: Developmental Assets: A Profile of Your Youth, Racine County Schools. Search Institute of Minneapolis.
0%
United Way of Racine County Community Indicators Report 2011 |
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