TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.
INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................... 9
1.1. Summary of ERRC Research Findings................................................................10 1.2. The Nature and Structure of This Study..............................................................13 2.
OBLIGATIONS OF STATES UNDER INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS LAW ............................ 15
2.1. The Prohibition of Racial Segregation .................................................................15 2.2. The Prohibition of Racial Discrimination in the Enjoyment of the Right to Education .......................................................17 2.3. The Prohibition of Inhuman and Degrading Treatment ...........................18 2.4. State’s Obligation to Ensure Full and Effective Equality ...........................19 3.
DATA ABOUT THE SEGREGATION OF ROMA IN EDUCATION................................................ 21
4.
SEGREGATION OF ROMA IN SPECIAL SCHOOLS FOR CHILDREN WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES ............................................................................ 34
4.1. Denial of Equal Start: Direct Placement of Romani Children in Remedial Special Schools................................................................................38 4.2. Failure to Educate Romani Children: Transfer to Remedial Special Schools ........42 4.2.1. Teacher Neglect at Regular Primary Schools.............................................42 4.2.2. Racist Abuse of Romani Children by Teachers .........................................44 4.3. Abuse of Parental Consent ..................................................................................46 4.3.1. Lack of Full and Informed Consent .........................................................47 4.3.2. Coercion to Consent to the Enrolment in Remedial Special Schools........48 4.4. Degrading Treatment: Diagnosing Children as Mentally Retarded......................49 4.4.1. Racially-Biased Testing.............................................................................49 4.4.2. Abuse of the Testing Procedure Leading to the Misplacement of Romani Children in Remedial Special Schools.....................................50 4.5. Transfer to Special Education Without Testing ...................................................53 5.
SEGREGATION OF ROMA IN MAINSTREAM SCHOOLS ........................................................ 55
5.1. Remedial Special Classes within the Regular Schools ..........................................55 5.2. Segregated All-Romani Classes in the Regular Schools........................................56 5.2.1. Pressure from Non-Romani Parents .........................................................57 5.2.2. Segregation as a Result of Abuse of Minority Education Policy ................62 5.2.3. School Achievement as a Pretext for Segregating Romani Children ..........64
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