First Nation Yearbook 2009

OFC & OBC A2009

3/12/09

10:12 AM

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IFC & IBC A2009

3/4/09

3:43 PM

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he National Aboriginal Achievement Foundation (NAAF) is a nationally registered non-profit organization dedicated to raising funds to deliver programs that provide the tools necessary for Aboriginal peoples, especially youth to achieve their potential. Since 1985 the Foundation through its Education Program has awarded more than $32million in scholarships and bursaries to more than 8,400 First Nations, Inuit and Métis students nationwide. NAAF’s key initiatives include: The National Aboriginal Achievement Awards (NAAA) a national annual broadcast celebrating 14 achievers in a multitude of career areas including a special youth award and an award for lifetime achievement; Taking Pulse joins NAAF with industry to present career options in specific growth sectors through a series of short documentaries and supporting curriculum materials with the aim of recruiting First Nations, Inuit & Métis youth; and Blueprint for the Future (BFF) a series of one-day career fairs that motivate and inspire First Nations, Inuit and Métis high school students with valuable resources and information on career opportunities. Over 30,000 students have attended these exciting youth oriented events to date nationwide.

The Foundation is the largest supporter of Aboriginal education outside of the federal government of Canada. Thanks to our many corporate and government partners, NAAF’s Education Program disburses approximately $3 million a year to First Nations, Inuit and Métis students across Canada. NAAF bursaries cover a comprehensive array of disciplines in three funding categories: Fine Arts and Professional Development including Cultural Projects; Health Careers; and Post Secondary Education. Application forms for the 2008-2009 academic year will be available on the website in March 2008.

The National Aboriginal Achievement Awards (NAAA) is Canada’s largest and most influential annual showcase of Aboriginal achievement. Each year, the NAAA celebrates the accomplishments of 14 recipients who are honoured in a dazzling gala that features Aboriginal entertainers. The awards show is later broadcast nationally. The NAAA instills pride in the Aboriginal community, dispels stereotypes and provides role models for Aboriginal youth.

Taking Pulse joins with industry to present career options in specific growth sectors, through a series of short documentaries and supporting curriculum materials, with the aim of recruiting Aboriginal youth and assisting them to obtain rewarding

and productive careers through education. The first Taking Pulse program to be developed was Industry in the Classroom (ICC), followed by Rivers to Success. Industry in the Classroom is an interactive and informative classroom session that connects Aboriginal youth with information about career opportunities in growth industries. To date ICC has delivered modules on the Railway, Transportation, Justice and Health industries, including a separate module on Inuit Health, to classrooms across Canada. Rivers to Success is an exciting new initiative created to address the 70% school drop-out rate of Aboriginal youth. The program is designed to inspire, motivate and facilitate the return to school of Aboriginal at-risk youth, ages 15-19.

Blueprint for the Future (BFF) is a series of one-day career fairs that give Aboriginal high school students valuable resources and information on career opportunities, while promoting education as being significant to labour market participation. At BFF, Aboriginal high school students learn about a range of job options in a venue where they can meet and speak with some of Canada's top corporate and Aboriginal business leaders.

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1 THE NATIONAL ABORIGINAL ACHIEVEMENT FOUNDATION 3 The Assembly of First Nations 7 More Culture Not Necessarily the Answer

9 Domestic Violence 10 11 21 23 25 28

Detroit Diesel Scouts Canada AFN attends the Obama Inauguration New Gold Sodexo - Beyond Safety Norms Bison Transport

33 Bralorne Mines 35 Buffalo Resources

37 2009 National Aboriginal Hockey Championships 41 47 51 55 61 65 71

Aboriginal Peoples Terminology ESS - A Leader in Progressive Aboriginal Relations First Nations University of Canada Trent University - The Door is Open ...to Give Back The Canadian Aboriginal Music Awards Girl Guides - The Heatbeat of Guiding The Arctic Winter Games

Nunavik

Mineral Exploration Fund Tel.: (819) 964-1316 Fax: (819) 964-0942 P.O. Box 909 Kuujjuaq, Quebec, J0M 1C0 jmseguin@krg.ca

75 Sustainability and Aboriginal Participation in 2010 77 78 79 81 85 89 91 95 99 107

Rainy River Resources Brock University Carmix Canada ONECA - A Philosophy Canadian Gold Hunter Corporation The Sapphire Group - Clean Water and the Next Generation Coordinators' Corner for Aboriginal Awareness Week Skills Canada - Discover, Challenge, Inspire Advanced Explorations - for Nunavut’s Future Consolidated Global Diamond Corporation

TransCanada is a proud sponsor of the First Nation’s Yearbook.

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EDITOR & PUBLISHER Jacques Beauchamp former regional police officer EXECUTIVE ASSISTANT Christine Panasuk ASSISTANT EDITOR Steve Derouin CIRCULATION / PRODUCTION Ashley Croskery GRAPHICS & ART DESIGNit.CA PRINTED IN ONTARIO, CANADA Tri-Graphic Printing SENIOR WEB MANAGER Jonathan Beauchamp PRODUCTION CO ORDINATOR Jonathan Beauchamp COLUMNISTS Joseph Quesnel Lana Ray Lori Blinn Steve Derouin

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irst Nations Yearbook 2009 distributed free, all rights reserved. Contents and photographs may not be reprinted without written permission. The statements, opinions and points of view expressed in articles published in this magazine are those of the authors. The publisher accepts no responsibility for unsolicited manuscripts, photographs, transparencies or other materials. (613) 724-9957.

Website: www.vantagepublishing.ca Email: info@vantagepublishing.ca

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ental wellness is a fairly new area of development in Canada; with new federal and national initiatives currently in progress. Globally, several countries have developed and implemented national strategies on mental health and wellness.

Canada has recently decided to join this approach, and is currently developing a national strategy on mental wellness. The Assembly of First Nations (AFN) is engaged in key strategies and initiatives that advance mental health and wellness for First Nations.

During the 2008 AFN Annual General Assembly, the Chiefs in Assembly called for improved coordination of, and continued / increased funding for, mental health programs & strategies. AFN efforts will continue to focus on advancing this through advocating and supporting efforts to increasing integrated, streamlined and comprehensive approaches to mental health and service funding, design, delivery, and evaluation. This includes advocating and supporting the work of the First Nations and Inuit Mental Wellness Advisory Committee (MWAC) in developing a draft Strategic Action Plan. The draft Strategic Action Plan proposes increased coordinated approaches for mental health, suicide prevention, addictions and residential school survivor support through increasing: coordinated continuum of MHA services, knowledge development, community capacity and awareness, workforce development, and collaboration between federal and provincial / territorial mental health systems.

Suicide prevention is a key issue amongst the vast array of priority mental health concerns for the Assembly of First Nations. In many communities, the daunting challenges of adequately responding to mental health needs can be challenging. Responding to suicides and suicide clusters in communities, with sometimes little or no support, is extremely challenging.

National statistics indicate that suicide occurs in First Nations & Inuit communities far more often than the Canadian average rates.

However, there are numerous communities that have had few, and in some cases no, completed suicides in recent memory. It is becoming obvious that there is a vast diversity in suicide rates amongst communities, with many communities experiencing a large amount of suicidal activity and other communities experiencing little or none at all.

There have been some supports made available in communities with the implementation of the federally funded National Aboriginal Youth Suicide Prevention Strategy (NAYSPS); a fiveyear $60 million national strategy mandated to address suicide in First Nation & Inuit communities. This strategy currently funds approximately 140 community projects across Canada. In a recent case study conducted by AFN of 4 selected projects, it is reported that the general impacts of the reviewed projects in communities are positive and successful and come with varying challenges. A report that profiles each of the 4 projects will be released and nationally distributed in late March 2009.

The impacts of NAYSPS have generally been positive; and thus, the AFN has been advocating for increased and continued NAYSPS funding. Communities are encouraged to consult with their respective First Nations & Inuit Health Regional Office to inquire about NAYSPS funding process and applications.

For more information on the work of the AFN in the areas of mental wellness and suicide prevention, please visit our website or contact our office at:

Assembly of First Nations 473 Albert Street, Suite 810 Ottawa, ON K1R 5B4 Telephone: 613-241-6789 Toll-Free: 1-866-869-6789 Fax: 613-241-5808 www.afn.ca

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School boards and education ministries across the country are introducing more culturally-centred curricula to prevent First Nations from failing academically, when the real answer is in higher expectations and preparation for the real world..

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overnment initiatives to increase Aboriginal education outcomes – including the Ontario government’s new Urban Aboriginal Education pilot project which would bring more aboriginal culture into the school curriculum – are fundamentally flawed.

Such initiatives seem to be based on the assumption that First Nations are failing academically because they are not learning enough about their culture, language and spiritual traditions.

In fact, Ontario government officials responsible for the Urban Aboriginal Education pilot project contend it will “give native pupils the confidence they need to do better in schools.”

The fundamental flaw of this reasoning, which brings to mind the recent controversy surrounding the creation of an “Afro-centric” school curriculum in a Toronto school board, is the unproven assumption that Aboriginal students, and minority students in general, are failing because they lack cultural identity.

However, the real culprits are actually the lowering of standards of excellence which permeates our schools, as well as the reduction in the core subjects that will prepare students succeed in our modern, knowledgebased economy.

It is always positive to be proud of one’s culture: First Nations and other groups should learn about their history and contributions.

While courses should allow First Nation input, the injection of cultural programming into everything is not a panacea and actually segregates indigenous youth, while ignoring modern skills they need for life.

There is also the question as to whether the parents of First Nations are comfortable with what is being presented as Aboriginal culture. Many come from homes where

indigenous culture and spirituality is not taught, so we could actually be imposing values they do not condone.

cial education system. This will not cure the low level of high school completion among Manitoba First Nations students.

Isn’t it wiser to leave choices about cultural identity and spirituality up to individuals and families and to not impose beliefs in a public environment? When culture becomes the focus of education, crowding out the crucial goal of preparing our youth for life and employment, aren’t we asking for trouble?

First Nations are not failing because they lack culture. They are failing because our system places them in segregated groups and does not expect much from them, which is perverse when they possess so much potential. They are also stuck in under-performing schools, with parents having little choice about where to send their kids. It is a sad truth that many come from troubled homes, but this should not prevent them from succeeding. Research has found that a culture of higher expectations and a common focus, along with dedicated parental involvement, is what it needed for students to succeed. continued on page 101

As to First Nations, the disproportionate emphasis on culture has come at the expense of core subjects. For example, years ago, the Aboriginal Education Directorate in Manitoba introduced several initiatives – emphasizing Aboriginal culture and languages, but low in core skills - in the provin-

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he perceptions of Canadians about Aboriginal people seem frozen in time: domestic violence, alcoholism, drugs, gambling, a high suicide rate among young people. However, these phenomena can be reversed. What is required is an overall humanistic approach that focuses on balancing our health and our awareness of the environment in which such cultures and individuals grow. Déogratias Bagilishya and Amnon Jacob Suissa, two Archetypes-Inter instructors and speakers, agree on this approach.

Founded in 2001, Archetypes-Inter promote the development of humanistic and intercultural skills where the search for the happy medium between performance and human reaches its full power and scope. Learning to know others, their life journey, the make-up of their cultural identity, the mechanisms for intercultural communication all are preconditions for a change in attitudes and improved intercultural relations.

But, as Archetypes-Inter instructor Serge Bouchard puts it, “in our culture, there is a fundamental misconception and sometimes crass ignorance of Aboriginal culture, although these people have contributed extensively to the cultural richness of North America as we know it today.”

LEARNING TO SEE AMERICA THROUGH NEW EYES Within our society, Aboriginal people suffer from physical and cultural isolation, and are just beginning to awake from the nightmare that has excluded them politically, economically, socially and psychologically. According to Serge Bouchard, it is through education that they will escape this

nightmare. The education he is proposing through Archetypes-Inter must allow those who work with Aboriginal people to understand their socio-political and cultural path, facilitate their work and business relationships, and finally look at First Nations through new eyes.

Sometimes, it is difficult to fight our own prejudices against Aboriginals and other ethnic minorities in Canada because they seem to be indelibly imprinted on our collective minds.

We often feel powerless and lacking the tools to respond differently to the psychological and social violence to which Aboriginal people and minorities are subjected. Déogratias Bagilishya has been working with children and their families, victims of war, mass rape, incest and other traumas for a very long time, particularly at the Montreal Children’s Hospital. continued on page 105

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ince June 15th, 2005 DD-ACE has become an operational unit of Wajax Income Fund and in the course of past years, has made many acquisitions and has undergone many corporative changes. Founded in the late forties, DD-ACE offers knowledge and expertise which are appreciated by our customers.

Distributor for the products mentioned below in all Eastern Canada, i.e., Province of Quebec, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince-Edward-Island, Newfoundland and Labrador, including the French Islands of St-Pierre and Miquelon; we also are supplier for after sales parts & service.

PRODUCTS AND SERVICE DD-ACE is an authorised diesel engine distributor in Eastern Canada for Detroit Diesel, MTU, MercedesBenz, Volvo Penta, Kubota and for Allison Transmission. We also distribute DDC/MTU and GE Energy, Harrison Hydra-gee generators and the complete line of Webasto products. A newcomer in DDACE's product line is the Kolombo antitheft and immobilization system.

OUR KEY MARKETS transportation (trucks and buses), agriculture, construction, fishing, forestry, industrial, mining, oil and gas, power generation.

Our Key products are diesel and natural gas engines, power generators, power take-offs, propellers, transmissions and power system.

Backed by the contribution of more than 250 employees, we elaborate designs, engineering and assembly of multiple power unit in various applications, whether it be for fishing boats, snow blowers, off-highway vehicles, mining equipment, military, etc., DD-ACE's Team Top Gear has the necessary human resources to meet the customer's and applications requirements.

BRANCHES To adequately and quickly support our customers through Eastern Canada, DD-ACE has seven branches strategically located throughout our 200,000 Km2 of territory and which are equipped with the latest technology. All branches are ISO9001 certified.

Each branch has a parts, service, repair and maintenance department.

Headquarters are located in Quebec. The six other branches are located in: Dartmouth, Nova Scotia Moncton, New Brunswick Dorval, Quebec Mount Pearl, Newfoundland Grand Falls, Newfoundland Val d'Or, Quebec TRAINING Our experienced trainers themselves trained and certified by manufacturers are well able to convey the necessary knowledge to personnel for the optimal operation of the equipment. Whether it takes place at the company, on the shop floor or in one of our three training centers, our technicians have the knowledge to provide better equipment performance.

For more information please visit: www.detroitdiesel.com

Welcome to Waswanipi The Cree Nation of Waswanipi P.O. Box 8, Waswanipi, Quebec J0Y 3C0

Tel.: (819) 753-2322 • Fax: (819) 753-2381

Waswanipi

Boucherville

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t any good camp the leaders can learn as much as the youth. That was certainly true one recent summer when Scouts Canada worked with former Ontario Lieutenant-Governor James Bartleman, the YMCA and other literacy groups, to send young leaders to five remote First Nations reserves in Northern Ontario to deliver Literacy based summer day camps. As Ontario’s first Aboriginal Lieutenant Governor, James Bartleman was proud of his Native heritage and wanted to give something back to the community. He knew that literacy can be the catalyst for something more; the ability to read can give confidence and open entire worlds to young people from any community.

To help him expand his literacy initiative to include summer camps, James Bartleman enlisted the help of Scouts Canada. When it came time to develop the program for the camps, we simply looked at our own Scouting programs, says Allan Haley, Council Field Executive with the Northern Ontario Council at Scouts Canada. Literacy plays an essential role in Scouting programs; from reading clues in a scavenger hunt, to writing an environmental report for the Chief Scout’s Award. That summer, 65 young leaders worked to deliver literacy based summer day camps. Together, they helped over 360 youth recognize and build on the literacy skills they already had.

Because of the great attitude of the counsellors and the excellent program, word spread. In many of the camps, although there were 65 children registered, upwards of 100 came every day. Counsellors also learned a great deal from their experiences and had their eyes opened to an entirely different way of life; from baseball (played every night at the ball field in each community), and Native history (including treaty agreements and residential schools) to religion (which plays a strong role in the communities). For both the participants and the leaders, this experience opened the door to a world of new skills and adventure. It’s just one example of how Scouting is helping youth find a voice in this world.

In friendships and sharing we find harmony and balance Find your voice through Scouting Whether you’re looking for adventure, fun, new friends, a way to test your abilities and strength, or a taste of leadership, you’re in good company with Scouts. For more than 100 years, Scouts Canada has brought a world of challenge, outdoor experience, friendship, and fun to millions of Canadian youth. Scouting gives you the tools to plan and carry out fun outdoor adventures, try out different leadership roles, and build self-confidence and self-reliance. continued on page 14

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Keeping Parents Aware

Keeping Kids Safe

33-174 Colonnade Road, Ottawa, ON K2E 7J5

T: (613) 724-9907 | F: (613) 724-4758 www.vantagepublishing.ca | info@vantagepublishing.ca

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Summer Day Camps in Northern Ontario

About Scouting History

FAST FACTS: • 28 million members worldwide – the world’s largest youth movement • 100,000 members in Canada today • A program with a rich heritage – more than 12 million Canadians have participated • Scouting is in 217 countries and territories.

In 1907, a small but innovative outdoor program was launched. This program would eventually grow into a worldwide Movement, the likes of which had never been seen before. The Movement came to Canada more than one hundred years ago, and if its founder Lord Baden-Powell were here today, he would be amazed! Scouts Canada is home to thousands of young people nationwide, with programs administered by caring leaders trained in outdoor skills, and dedicated to shaping our youth to be all they can be as future citizens. Over half a billion young people from virtually every country and culture have pledged to live by our founder’s values: Be kind... Do your best... Leave each place a little better than you found it.

These people are helping to create a better world.

Les Pétroles Cadrin Inc.

600 Boul. Charest Est, bureau 304, C.P. 30007 Québec, Québec G1K 8Y1

Multicultural and Diverse

Scouting is fully co-ed, and welcomes all cultures and religious denominations. In fact, our ever-changing diversity is what makes Scouting a vital part of the world’s cultural mosaic. Scouts Canada has recently introduced a Spirituality Award which is complementary to its Religion in Life Award, recognizing those who do not adhere to a faith community but who are or wish to be spiritual.

Mission Our Mission is “to contribute to the education of young people, through a value system based on the Scout Promise and Law, to help build a better world where people are self fulfilled as individuals and play a constructive role in society.”

We do this through seven fun, exciting and innovative programs for youth. Our programs offer a great amount of flexibility, allowing youth and leaders to design activities that reflect their interests, culture, and diversity. Badge requirements are flexible enough to accommodate traditional teachings and crafts from all cultures. We constantly seek new ways to provide youth with fun, interesting and challenging programs and activities. continued on page 15

(418) 521-4544 Fax.: (418) 521-4541 Laurier Dionne Directeur Generale

ARCTIC AND NORTHERN CUB AND SCOUT BADGES In 2005, Scouts Canada resurrected a set of distinct “Arctic and Northern” Cub and Scout badges to meet the interests of youth living in the Yukon, Northwest Territories, and Nunavut.

These unique badges recognize activities and actions that might be more common to these geographical regions, including soapstone or wood carving, and igloo and kayak building, among many others.

The Nicola Valley Institute of Technology An Aboriginal governed Public Post-Secondary Institute offering innovative and relevant credentials for future leaders in the fields of Wellness, Governance, Land and Economic Development.

FOR MORE INFORMATION ON OUR COURSES AND PROGRAMS PLEASE CONTACT US AT THE FOLLOWING:

Phone: (250) 378-3300 Fax: (250) 378-3332 • Email: info@nvit.bc.ca or visit our website at www.nvit.bc.ca 4155 Belshaw Street, Merritt, BC, V1K 1R8

Merritt

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Scouting in Action

CREE NATION OF EASTMAIN Our Programs

CHIEF RUSTY CHEEZO

Beavers (boys and girls ages 5-7) – Sharing, Sharing, Sharing Fun and friendship are the cornerstones of the Beaver program. Nature walks, short hikes, tree plantings and family camping give Beavers a taste of outdoor fun.

P.O. Box 90 147 Shadow Meskino, Eastmain, Qc J0M 1W0

Cubs (boys and girls ages 8-10) – Do Your Best Hikes, weekend camps, and an introduction to water activities like canoeing and kayaking are just a few of the fun outdoor adventures that Cubs enjoy.

Scouts (boys and girls ages 11 –14) - Be Prepared!

The Scout program emphasizes outdoor and environmental activities, citizenship and community service, leadership, and personal development.

819.977.0211 Fax: 819.977.0281 www.eastmain.ca

Eastmain

Venturers (young men and women ages 14-17) - Challenge Venturing helps teens learn new skills that can lead to a satisfying career. The Venturer program emphasizes outdoor and environmental activities, citizenship and community service, leadership and personal development, and career exploration.

“I have a chance to be a better person, to help other people, and to have an adventure doing it!”

- Leslie, Venturer, Ontario Rovers (men and women ages 18 – 26) – Service Rovers often participate in adventurous activities like mountain climbing, whitewater rafting, or para-sailing. Many Rovers move on to become leaders with the Scouting program.

G.D.’s Garage Autobody & Mechanic

SCOUTSabout is everything Scouting knows about programming for children ages 5 - 10, but packaged differently. Offered in three-month modules, SCOUTSabout is run after school in schools or community centres, or during school breaks and summer vacation.

Extreme Adventure offers the opportunity for young men and women from 14-17 years of age, to plan and participate in one or more of a variety of short-term adventure-based activities. Adventures might include hiking expeditions along historic trails; cycling tours; water-based trips; adventure racing; or travelling to other countries to participate in humanitarian projects. continued on page 19

Tel.: (450) 632-9891 Fax: (450) 635-6050

Glen Delaronde Autobody & Mechanical Shop Scouting offers fun programs for all ages

P.O. Box 298 Kahnawake J0L 1B0

Kahnawake

going the extra mile since 1957

Hi-Way 13 Transport Ltd. has been going the extra mile since 1957.

Our pipe team can help you from stringing to storage with plenty of trailers with capabilities of up to 25m.

Our northern division can arrange to have full loads picked up anywhere in Canada or the US and delivered in the far North. Whether it is by barge, plane or the ice road: we will get it there!

A full LTL system out of Edmonton and Calgary covers all points between Wetaskiwin, Camrose and Provost on Highway 13 and Lacombe, Stettler and Consort on Highway 12.

Head Office: P.O. Box 1180, 4621-39th Street Camrose, Alberta 1.800.316.2856

Satellite Depots: Calgary: 1.877.449.2922 Edmonton: 1.877.449.2933 Provost: 780.753.2442 Wetaskiwin: 780.352.7701

Camrose, Alberta 780.672.7672

Pipe team stringing

W E S T E R N

C A N A D A

Outpost Pipe Storage Ltd.

N O R T H W E S T

Capable of handling and storing casing, bare or coated pipe – lengths up to 25m. Transportation can be arranged to and from our yard.

T E R R I T O R I E S

Y U K O N

U S A

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97.3 CKON FM Comstock is a Prime Mechanical, Piping, Millwright, Electrical, Instrumental and Overhead/Under High Voltage Transmission Line Contractor, Specializing in industrial, Institutional and Commercial work.

2116 Logan Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R2R 0J2

Telephone: (204) 633-7907 Fax: (204) 632-1614 Email: elecmech@comstockcanada.com www.comstockcanada.com

Winnipeg

P.O. Box 1496 Cornwall, ON K6H 5V5 Business Line 613-575-2100 Request Line 613-575-2101 Fax 613-575-2566 Email ckon@ckonfm.com

Cornwall

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19 continued from page 15 Cutting-edge program activities Protect the natural world through the Leave No Trace program, care for your environment through the Climate Change program, and “Be Prepared” (Scout’s Motto) through Emergency Preparedness. These cutting edge programs offer youth a chance to learn new skills that will help them use their resources wisely; leave a minimum impact on the outdoors so the natural world will be there for all to enjoy; and be better prepared to help their families and community during times of emergency. These are just a few of the exciting program activities youth can take part in when they join a Scout troop or Cub pack in their area.

“Being a Beaver means to be kind and respectful to everyone. I will build a better world by taking care of the earth.”

- David, Beaver, Quebec

Scouting: Positioning our youth for life through: Healthy Active Living - essential for lifelong success, our goal is to develop healthy active individuals through activities such as hiking, camping, and outdoor adventures.

“Being very active in hiking, swimming, and camping keeps me fit! What I do now will help me approach life’s challenges later.”

Dan, Venturer, Ontario Leadership – learning by doing provides opportunities for youth to develop and practice leadership skills. Members lead with courage and confidence.

Environmental Stewardship – our programs are designed for youth to develop and practice sound environmental ethics.

Get Involved Join 100,000 youth and volunteers in the adventure of a lifetime. Make new friends, have fun, learn the value of teamwork and leadership, and help create a better world. Our leaders have access to handbooks, training, online resources and more. For more information, visit www.scouts.ca or call 1-888-Scouts-Now.

The advertisement and editorial supplement featured in this publication are sponsored by the RBC Foundation.

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ational Chief Phil Fontaine led a delegation from the Assembly of First Nations, including some Regional Chiefs, to attend the inauguration ceremony of President Barack Obama today as special guests of the Cherokee Nation and the National Congress of American Indians.

"Today we are joining our Native American brothers and sisters, and all Americans, in the celebration and realization of a dream that has been centuries in the making," said National Chief Fontaine. "Nearly 150 years after President Lincoln emancipated the slaves, President Barack Obama is being sworn in as the forty-fourth President of the United States of America. More than being a powerful leader of a powerful country, President

Obama is also a powerful symbol of hope and change to billions of people all over the world," added National Chief Fontaine.

"Today we join the representatives from the Cherokee Nation and the National Congress of American Indians in celebrating the realization of a dream of racial harmony that was articulated by great North American leaders like Tecumseh and Martin Luther King, Jr. We are ready to work together with them to make real change for Indigenous peoples worldwide," stated National Chief Fontaine.

Yesterday, National Chief Fontaine and NCAI officials met with Native American advisors to President-elect

Obama to discuss various issues of mutual concern, from human rights to economic development. “We were pleased to hear from our Native American brothers and sisters about how the candidacy of President Barack Obama inspired and mobilized millions of Native Americans to become involved and to vote in the various electoral processes of the United States of America. As a result, Native Americans are more organized and mobilized their vote to make their voices heard. Native Americans are now better represented in Washington, D.C., have greater access to power and they will wield tremendous political influence over the policy decisions that will directly affect all of the Native American Tribes,� commented National Chief Fontaine. continued on page 22

www.unw.ca 1-877-906-4447

22 continued from page 21 “The Assembly of First Nations will continue to build upon its Declaration of Kinship and Cooperation with the National Congress of American Indians and our bilateral relations with the Cherokee Nation and other Native American Tribes during the tenure of President Obama. We look forward to achieving tangible progress on issues of mutual concern and to improve the quality of life of all our Indigenous peoples here in Canada, in the Americas and around the world,” concluded National Chief Fontaine.

National Chief Phil Fontaine is a dedicated and highly respected leader in Canada. He has been instrumental in facilitating change and advancement for First Nations people from the time he was first elected to public office as Chief, at the young age of 28. He is a proud member of the Sagkeeng First Nation in Manitoba and still plays an active role in the support of his community.

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Edmonton

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Calgary

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Toronto

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Tel: (416) 777-6703 Fax: (416) 777-6705 Email: info@probemines.com

St. John’s

Toronto

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ew Gold Inc. is a natural resource exploration and development company which has been engaged in the acquisition, exploration and development of natural resources properties since 1980. Over the past seven years, the Company's principal focus has been on the exploration and development of the New Afton Copper-Gold Project ("New Afton" or the "Project"), located 10 kilometers (6 miles) west of Kamloops, British Columbia.

The New Afton mine is located only 10km (6 miles) from the center of Kamloops, British Columbia which has a population of approximately 80,000. Kamloops is a hub for mine sites within the region and is a popular destination for tourist and camping enthusiasts.

New Afton is located on the site of the former open pit Afton mine, which operated from 1978 to 1987. The original Afton mine produced approximately 500 million pounds of copper, 500,000 ounces of gold and 3,000,000 ounces of silver. In 2007, New Gold completed a Feasibility Study which confirmed the economic and technical feasibility of the New Afton project is as an underground block cave mine – an efficient method of mining large orebodies with consistent grades.

Over the projected 12 year operating life of the mine, approximately 44 million tonnes of ore will be recovered from the deposit, with peak annual production of 87,000,000 pounds of copper, 102,000 ounces of gold and 324,000 ounces of silver. The project will eventually produce 4 million tonnes of ore per annum, which will make it one of Canada’s largest underground metal mines, based on throughput.

Contractors are currently on site completing 34 km of underground tunneling, ground preparation, construction of our new mill and providing security and first aid services. Several diamond drilling companies also assist us with exploration and site geology.

New Gold is actively involved with the First Nations communities in the Kamloops area.

The Company signed a Participation Agreement with the Kamloops division of the Secwepemc Nation (comprising the Kamloops and Skeetchestn Bands) which will provide long-term economic opportunities along with social and financial benefits, including employment, education, training and business opportunities for people in the region.

New Gold’s intent is to continue to work with the Kamloops division to encourage participation in local training at Thompson Rivers University and BCIT. Our hope is that these initiatives will result in Band members completing a trade or learning new skills that will allow employment at the mine.

The New Afton mine will be an important direct and indirect contributor to the regional and local economy. With New Afton’s proximity to Kamloops, it is expected that the city will benefit from the majority of the economic impacts derived from the construction and operation of the project. The Company believes this addition to the local economy will boost confidence in the area and may influence future business investment decisions.

Signing of the Participation Agreement

24

FIRST NICKEL INC. 120 Front Street East, Suite 206 Toronto ON M5A 4L9

416-362-7050 Toronto

25

F

or more than 40 years, Sodexo Remote Sites has been improving the Quality of Daily Life far and wide across Canada and around the world offshore and onshore, and under the most extreme conditions. Whether on a mining site in the Arctic, a rig off the Atlantic coast, or an inland hydro project, we offer innovative solutions that ensure workforce comfort and safety, and help increase on-site productivity.

Building and adding new services to our portfolio over the past several years, Sodexo is now providing a fully integrated set of support service solutions aimed at helping our clients be more effective at realizing their strategies and business objectives. Broadly stated the services include people management and property management.

FOOD SERVICES: A good, healthy meal is more than just satisfying. It's essential to keeping employees safe and productive. Through quality catering and special health food programs, Sodexo brings the perfect combination of outstanding flavour and balanced nutrition to our customers. What's more, we're experienced in catering to a diverse range of cultures, tastes and dietary requirements. And we always add an extra dash of pleasure through regular and well-planned special events.

FACILITIES MANAGEMENT SERVICES: Benefit from a flexible package of “soft” services that cover everything from housekeeping to mailrooms, fitness centres to front desk services. Through our comprehensive range of “hard” services, we can design, build and operate your camp, and even restore the environment to its pristine condition when you leave.

As remote site specialists, we know the difference between typical facilities management services and delivering hard services in extreme conditions, including utilities and waste management or real-time tracking of your vehicle fleet.

HOTEL SERVICES: “Making every day a better day” is more than a corporate line - it's our raison d'être. While many companies strive to provide basic life comforts, Sodexo Remote Sites takes hospitality to whole new levels by introducing internationally recognized hotel standards to remote sites. The results are visible with happier and more productive workforces that truly feel valued. And this is only the start of what we have in mind for the years to come. continued on page 27

Petro-Canada

TERRANE

METALS CORP.

Ventes, Service et exploitation Est du Canada

Ventes directes 11701, rue Sherbrooke Est, Montréal (Québec) H1B 1C3

1500-999 West Hastings Street Vancouver BC V6C 2W2

Téléphone: (514) 650-4348

250-614-1812

1-800-361-8322

Vancouver

Montréal

26

DEADLINES

That the knowledge gained by each one of us contributes to the knowledge of the entire community.

We

ARTS March 31 and September 30

agree. The National Aboriginal Achievement

Foundation is proud to assist Sarah, and so many other students like her, to acquire the knowledge and skills that will strengthen our communities and build a brighter future for all of us.

To do this, NAAF has established three financial assistance

HEALTH May 1

programs: Arts, Health and Business, Science and General Education.

Call us at 1-800-329-9780.

We’ll send you an application.

BUSINESS SCIENCE AND DENERAL EDUCATION June 1

The National Aboriginal Achievement Foundation HEAD OFFICE P.O. Box 759, 2160 Fourth Line Rd. Six Nations of the Grand River Ohsweken, ON, N0A 1M0

Telephone: 416-926-0775 Fax: 416-926-7554 Website: www.naaf.ca E-mail: naaf@istar.ca

27 continued from page 25

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: When sustainable development is positive and proactive, everyone wins! Through Sodexo's Total Remote Site Solutions, communitydevelopment initiatives are at the heart of the entire project lifecycle and are initiated at the earliest stages – never as an afterthought.

Working closely with the communities in which we serve is paramount to Sodexo approach to doing business.

ABORIGINAL RELATIONS: Sodexo has enjoyed taking an early lead in Aboriginal Relations and sets the benchmark for others to follow. The first company in our industry to have earned the prestigious Progressive Aboriginal Relations (PAR) Gold hallmark from the Canadian Council for Aboriginal Business. We’ve since renewed this commitment three times in the past 7 years.

We’ve created meaningful productive partnerships with Aboriginal Communities from coast to coast. Our aim is to employ the highest possible number of local community members and our results range from 55 to 95% Aboriginal employment in our projects.

BEYOND SAFETY NORMS. THE HIGHEST STANDARDS DELIVERED. Health and Safety at work is at the forefront of everything we do. Backed by our network of HSE specialists, Sodexo sets rigorous benchmark standards and implements best-in-class systems to ensure the implementation of our award-winning HSE policies.

Interested in learning more about Sodexo?

Please call us at 514-866-7070 or visit us on-line at www.sodexo.com

WILSON

CONCRETE LTD. 7224-100th Avenue, Fort St. John BC V1S 5T7

250-785-3382 Fort St. John

Montréal

28

WASKA

RESOURCES Environment - Forestry and Silviculture Road Survey and Construction - Geomatics - Urbanism Specialized Training - Certification Remedial Works - Customized Special Machinery Environnement - Foresterie et sylviculture - Voirie forestière Géomatique - Urbanisme Formation spécialisée - Certification - Réaménagement de sites affectés - Machinerie adaptée Head Office (siège social) Waskaganish 4, Octave drive, Box 9 Waskaganish, Qc JOM 1R0 (819) 895-8971 tél.

(819) 895-2533 fax Réf. : Billy Diamond chiefdiamond@earthlink.net

Lebel-sur-Quévillon 07, Principale Sud C.P 1819, Lebel-sur-Quévillon, Qc J0Y 1X0 (819) 755-3301 tél.

Réf. : Jean-Claude Dostie waska@lino.com

Québec 2181A, rue Léon-Harmel Québec, Qc G1N 4NS (418) 688-2037 tél.

(418) 688-1569 fax Réf. : Robert Desautels robert.desautels@desfor.com

Québec

N

ever thought of a career in Trucking?

Well, think again. Transportation is an exciting industry to be in, offering many challenges. Just think of what it might take to move the freight that our customers need to move. The last time you purchased a pair of running shoes, you probably didn’t think about how they made it from the manufacturing plant to the store shelf where you purchased them. But you probably did give it a little more thought the last time you were at a store for something in particular and they were sold out. The supply chain network is a very intricate network that ensures the distribution of goods. Transportation plays a major role in this network, it continues to face challenges, and it continues to grow.

Bison Transport is a multiple-award winning Canadian transport company. Employing the latest technology and operating one of the most modern fleets in the industry, with over 900 tractors and 2300 trailers. Our dedicated staff and safe, professional drivers provide cross-border truckload transportation services from British Columbia through the Maritimes and to 48 U.S. states. Bison has enjoyed tremendous growth and success through choosing to seek out solutions to our customers’ needs and requirements, government regulations and changes in the economy.

Bison Transport was founded in 1969, in Winnipeg, by the Jessiman family and remained relatively small until 1991. In 1991, with 18 trucks on the road and 32 employees, Bison launched an aggressive growth strategy, adding 100 trucks. Continued growth has followed since then.

• 1996 – Launch of the Warehousing and Distribution Division in Winnipeg.

• 2001 – Launch of Bison ABL (Asset Based Logistics) • 2003 – Opened new head office in Winnipeg, including Corporate Office, North American Operations Centre and Tatonka, a revolutionary Driver Skills Development Center • 2004 – Launch of Refrigerated Division, expanding Bison’s services to food and beverage shippers • 2006 – Opened new Calgary terminal for Western Canada Operations Bison’s success has been a direct result of the commitment and dedication of our team. It is this dedication and commitment that has allowed Bison to become recognized as an industry leader. Our team is very proud to be recognized as a multiple award winning company. Such awards include a Platinum Club status of Canada’s 50 Best Managed Companies, National Energy Efficiency Award, Shipper’s Choice Award, Outstanding Innovation Award as well as the Truckload Carriers Association National Fleet Safety Award for 2005 and 2006.

Bison Transport builds and engages the most effective workforce in the transportation industry. We hire and retain the best people and we continually develop ourselves through training and mentoring. We foster a culture of professionalism and the aggressive pursuit of success. We use our unique environment to deliver safe, reliable and innovative transportation services to our customers. continued on page 30

NATIONAL SCHOOL OF DENTAL THERAPY Now accepting applications for 2-year Dental Therapy training course in Prince Albert, Saskatchewan For more information on this excellent career opportunity

please call

(306) 763-8800 Application deadline is March 31, 2009

Prince Albert

29

30 continued from page 28 When most people think of working in transportation, the first thing and sometimes maybe the only thing that crosses their mind is driving.

The truth is, there is so much more to the opportunities within the industry and specifically with Bison. Opportunities range from Administration (Accounting, Invoicing, Payroll and Human Resources), to Operations and Warehousing (Safety, Customer Service, Logistics and Dispatch) as well as Sales and Marketing. Our Information Systems group supports, maintains and builds systems for us to ensure we continue to advance technologically, allowing both the company as well as our customers to benefit through efficiencies and our various communication tools that have been developed and are continuously improved on.

Winnipeg, Mississauga and Calgary also have state-of-the-art maintenance facilities, employing both apprentice as well as licensed technicians.

Regardless of the role, we look for people who strive for challenge and excellence. We support them in their development as well as in reaching their goals.

“Satisfied customers drive our success”. For Bison, our customer is everyone that we come into contact with throughout our day. It could be an external customer, or the person sitting next to you.

Regardless of who our customer is at any given

time, our team’s goal is to ensure that they understand the needs and expectations of that customer and work towards achieving or exceeding those expectations. We offer a challenging, professional and fast-paced work environment. We challenge our team every day to provide high quality customer service and to continually look for proactive solutions. Each one of our team plays a direct role in the success of the company. Communication is absolutely critical and everyone recognizes the value of a team and is committed to the team.

In addition, the company itself strives to ensure that the expectations or our team are met. Bison does this through the various programs and benefits that are provided.

Our internal development programs as well as support for external training allow our team to continually develop their skills and prepare them for future initiatives and opportunities. We don’t stand still and neither does our team. Bison Transport became the first trucking company in Canada to invest in a skills development program that includes computer based learning and simulator technology. Tatonka has received national recognition for excellence in promoting safety, with the National Fleet Safety Award. Bison also offers continued development for staff through Bison University, which offers a full curriculum of courses including Developing Leadership Skills,

Building High Performance Teams, Customer Service, just to name a few. This internal training is complimented with support for external continuing education that our staff may wish to pursue such as apprenticeship training for technicians or business courses.

To encourage healthy, balanced living, Bison offers onsite fitness facilities that are available to all employees 24-hours per day, seven days per week to accommodate various shifts. We recognize that most people will spend most of their time at work, and we want our team to enjoy being here and being associated with Bison. The company gives back to its employees as well as to the community through various events throughout the year.

Our team brings a high level of commitment to all that they do. They are proactive in their thinking and are self-motivated to challenge themselves and their team. Regardless of your interests, if you are a leader wanting to contribute to our continued growth, Bison will have an exciting career opportunity for you.

Courtesy Bison Transport www.bisontransport.com

32

BRUCE POWER P.O Box 1540 Tiverton ON NOG 2T0

519-361-6583

Tiverton

BY CHOICE HOTELS

Comfort Inn Val D’or 1665 3ième Avenue Val D’or (Québec) J9P 1V9

Tel: (819) 825-9360 Fax: (819) 825-0419

Val D’or

33

Bralorne Gold Mines is re-developing the historic Bralorne, King and Pioneer gold mines of southwest British Columbia. Together, these three operations represent the largest gold producer in the Canadian Cordillera (The Canadian Cordillera, the name for the mountains of western Canada).

Recent discoveries between the Bralorne and King mines have opened up significant new mineralization. Now in Phase III of developing a new structure known as the BK Vein; the company continues to stride towards expanding the new zones and outline reserves for a 300 tpd operation.

OVERVIEW THE PATH TO PRODUCTION Our work is focused on exploring both new and developed ground to expand resources. In 2005, Bralorne hired Beacon Hill Consultants, an engineering firm specializing in mining and feasibility, to develop a blueprint for production. Beacon Hill presented eight specific recommendations aimed at upgrading and discovering the resources required to bring the project into full operation. The goal of this program is to delineate resources of 500,000 tonnes of measured and indicated resources grading 12/g Au/tonnes (0.35 oz Au/ton). This resource would provide sufficient feed to begin operations at a processing rate of 300 tpd.

P.O. Box 726 Lac La Biche, Alberta T0A 2C0 Ph: (780) 623-4817 Fax: (780) 623-4051 Toll Free: 1-800-563-6056 611 Montreal Street Thunder Bay ON P7E 3P2

807-475-7474 Fax: 807-475-7200

www.bentonresources.ca

Thunder Bay

FUNDING Bralorne is well-funded for its current programs. The company is also debtfree. Our assets include 430 ounces of gold in reserve for future sale.

OUR TEAM A team consisting of successful mine builders that include geologists and financiers. Collectively we have over 150 years experience in exploration and developing base metal and precious metal deposits.

www.bralorne.com

Trucking Ltd. Oilfield Hauling

6526-44 Ave. Ponoka, Alberta T4J 1J8 Ph: (403) 783-8866 Fax: (403) 783-3011 Toll Free: 1-800-668-3037

24 Hour Service Heavy Equipment Hauling Complete Oilfield Hauling Drilling & Service Rig Transportation Head Office: Sentinel Industrial Park, Lac La Biche, Alberta SERVICING ALBERTA & SASKATCHEWAN

Ponoka / Lac La Biche

34

Calgary

35

B

uffalo Resources Corp. is a rapidly growing company with oil and gas production operations in Alberta at Frog Lake, Pincher Creek, Viking and in the Peace River Arch. At Frog Lake all activities are carried out in conjunction with the Frog Lake First Nation (FLFN) and their oil company, Frog Lake Energy Resources Corp. (FLERC). In addition, Buffalo has exploration activities in co-operation with the other First Nations in Alberta - the Horse Lake and Duncan’s First Nations in the Peace River area and the Alexis Nakota Sioux Nation in the Whitecourt area.

In 2003 Buffalo entered into an agreement to partner with FLERC to drill for oil and gas on a portion of the FLFN Reserve lands. At that time, both companies were just starting up and had very little oil and gas production or cash. The companies combined their resources and began drilling successful oil wells. Cash generated from the sale of oil was then re-invested into additional drilling as well as purchase of oil wells. To date, FLERC and Buffalo have drilled 95 wells on the FLFN

Reserve and have an interest in a total of 212 wells. This ongoing success has led to Buffalo and FLERC producing a total of 2700 barrels of oil equivalent per day from the Frog Lake Reserve, split 50/50 between the two companies. This success has also enabled FLERC and Buffalo to partner with other oil and gas companies to increase their drilling activity on the Frog Lake lands with the result that production from the FLFN Reserve now totals 5000 barrels of oil equivalent per day.

FLFN lands were recently approved to allow for additional drilling and Buffalo estimates over 200 new wells can be drilled, which should significantly increase production for FLERC and Buffalo. Most of these new wells will be drilled from existing surface locations to minimize the amount of new surface construction and the impact on the environment.

Largely through its partnership with Buffalo, FLERC has grown to be one of the largest and most successful First Nations-owned oil and gas companies in Canada and has achieved the position of having dependable monthly cash flow.

FLERC has now begun to look at other opportunities for investing this cash flow to create a legacy for the long term benefit of the FLFN - investments that will continue to benefit the FLFN after the oil and gas reserves have been exhausted.

Buffalo believes in employing local band members for its Frog Lake operations and has facilitated the hiring of numerous FLFN members to operate the wells and to provide maintenance and drilling services to those operations. In addition, Buffalo believes that education and training of First Nations members will benefit the Company and the First Nation. For this purpose, Buffalo provides scholarships each year to assist FLFN members to complete post secondary education.

For further information please contact Bill Trickett, President and CEO of BUFFALO RESOURCES CORP at 403-252-2462 or visit our website at www.buffaloresources.com.

Charles Bell Real Estate Appraisals Ltd. 130 Paris St., Sudbury, Ontario P3A 1X5

Business 705-671-2355 • Fax: 1-888-520-6892 279 King St. West Suite 201 Kitchener, Ontario, N2G 3X9

519-745-4050

Kitchener

A Firm with over 40 years Appraisals Experience in: Native Land Issues • Land Claims • Land Leases Duncan Bell, H.B. Comm, AACI, P. App. E-mail: dbell@bellappraisals.ca

Sudbury

36

PROVEN SUCCESS. Peter Kiewit Sons Co., one of Canada’s largest heavy civil and industrial construction contractors, has served the Canadian construction market for more than 60 years.

THE POWER OF PARTNERSHIPS. We have established key partnerships with Aboriginal groups who have made significant contributions to our workforce and business development initiatives as we work in their Territories. Through joint ventures with these groups, we have successfully completed some of the largest and most challenging projects in Canada.

Peter Kiewit Sons Co. 11211 215th Street Edmonton, AB T5S 2B2 (780) 447-3509 (780) 447-3202 fax

Peter Kiewit Sons Co. 10651 Shellbridge Way #120 Richmond, BC V6X 2W8 (604) 278-3331 (604) 278-5729 fax

Peter Kiewit Sons Co. 100 – 2103 Airport Drive Saskatoon, SK S7L 6W2 COMING SOON!

Workers create unions to achieve fairness, dignity and respect in their workplace Aboriginal workers know that collectively they have a stronger voice in the workplace and benefit from Union representation.

The Public Service Alliance of Canada has been working to represent and support Aboriginal Sisters and Brothers for many years. PSAC supports Aboriginal self-determination and understands the complexity of your history being subject to colonization. s PSAC’s National Aboriginal, Inuit and Métis Network integrates your communities into the Union. s PSAC is holding its first exclusive Aboriginal members’ conference in 2008. s PSAC recognizes that inclusion is the only way to break down barriers.

If you would like more information on union representation from PSAC, contact Dave Thompson, Organizer at 604-430-5631 (office), 604-828-2660 (cell), or by e-mail at: thompsd@psac.com Or visit our Web site at www.psacbc.com

37

Winnipeg, Manitoba May 3-9, 2009 The Aboriginal Sport Circle, Canada’s national voice for Aboriginal sport and recreation, is pleased to present the 2009 National Aboriginal Hockey Championships. The following information offers a basic overview of the event, technical guidelines and specific criteria for team selections. Should you require further details on the Championships, or require more information about the Aboriginal Sport Circle, please contact our offices at (613) 236-9624.

Introduction The Aboriginal Sport Circle (ASC) was established to promote personal excellence through sport and to support the holistic development of Aboriginal athletes and coaches. As a program of the ASC, the National Aboriginal Hockey Championships (NAHC) reflect those

priorities while serving as the premier competition for minor level Aboriginal hockey in Canada. The NAHC provide a forum for elite Bantam/Midget age Aboriginal hockey players, which attracts participation from First Nations, Inuit, and Metis within each of the thirteen Provinces and Territories of Canada. The longterm vision of the NAHC is to establish a competitive structure that will serve as the impetus for grassroots and regional Aboriginal hockey development. The event will help foster cultural unity and pride and celebrate the athletic abilities of Aboriginal athlete from across the country.

Principles The NAHC embodies shared traditional Aboriginal principles that encourage holistic approaches to the personal development of all participants (athletes, team staff, and officials).

The Championships take a balanced approach that supports the physical, mental, spiritual, and cultural aspects of life. For this reason, the NAHC will include the meaningful involvement of Elders and cultural components throughout the program. The NAHC are designed as an elite, all-star format where the best Bantam/Midget age hockey players are selected to compete on behalf of their Provinces and Territories. The even is inclusive, which means anyone of Aboriginal ancestry, whether First Nations (status or non-status Indian), Inuit or Metis is eligible to compete. The Championships promote drug and harassment free sport. Therefore a strict “zero tolerance” policy is adopted. The use of alcohol, tobacco (nonceremonial), performance enhancing substances, and any acts of discrimination are strictly prohibited. continued on page 39

FORT MCKAY FIRST NATION P.O. Box 5360 Fort McMurray AB T9H 3G4

Phone: 780-828-2400 Fax: 780-742-0038

Fort McMurray

38

39 continued from page 37 Location & Dates The 2009 NAHC will be hosted in Winnipeg, Manitoba, May 3-9. The 2009 NAHC is comprised of 4 co-hosts: Manitoba Metis Federation, Keewatin Tribal Council, Nisichawayasihk Cree Nation and Manitoba Keewatinowi Okimakanak. The competition will span seven days with both the male and female championship games being held on Saturday, May 9.

Travel Dates Travel to the 2009 NAHC has been designated for Thursday, May 1 and Friday, May 2, and departure on Sunday, May 11.

Heavy Equipment • Class AZ & DZ • Surface Miner 800-479-5339 • 705-645-0000 www.muskokatraining.com Bracebridge, Ontario

Bracebridge

Community Profile The City of Winnipeg is located at the junction of the Assiniboine and Red Rivers. For thousands of years, the present day location of Winnipeg served as a meeting place for many native tribes. Native peoples congregated here for celebrations and ceremonies and to trade their wares. Winnipeg is the capital city of the province of Manitoba and a major Canadians and regional city with a population of 712,700. Winnipeg has the most diverse economy of major cities in Canada and also one of the most culturally diverse cities anywhere. Some 100 languages and cultural groups are represented in the region. Winnipeg has a tremendous amount of recreation, sports and entertainment for a city of its size. Winnipeg today is vibrant, growing and full of life and sport. There’s an energy and excitement. This hub of commerce, cultural centre and sports town has a buzz that’s contagious.

Venues Two arenas will be used for the 2009 NAHC. The primary venue will be the University of Manitoba’s Max Bell Centre. This site features an ice surface (90’ x 200’), which seats upwards of 1,600 spectators. The secondary venue will be the Dakota Community Centre, which features two NHL standard sizes (85’ X 200’).

Accommodations, Travel & Food Each team is responsible for arranging and paying for their accommodations, travel to Winnipeg, and food. To simplify team reservations, the 2009 Host Organizing Committee has block booked rooms in hotels throughout Winnipeg. A detailed listing of accommodations and rates are available through the 2009 Host Organizing Committee and will be made available.

National Money Mart Company

Awards The players and staff (coaches, manager and trainer) of the top three female and male teams will receive medallions (gold, silver and bronze respectively). The female and male teams that win the overall championship will have the name of their Province/Territory engraved on the Turtle Island Cup. For more information please visit: www.aboriginalsportcircle.ca

www.moneymart.ca

41

T

he following terminology is intended to provide a general understanding of some terms generally used by Indian and Northern Affairs Canada (INAC). The list focuses on some of the important aspects of the relationship between INAC and the people it serves — First Nations, Inuit and Northerners.

These terms are listed in Words First: An Evolving Terminology Relating to Aboriginal Peoples in Canada, compiled by the Department's Communications Resources Directorate.

Aboriginal peoples: The descendants of the original inhabitants of North America.

The Canadian Constitution recognizes three groups of Aboriginal people — Indians, Métis and Inuit. These are three separate peoples

with unique heritages, languages, cultural practices and spiritual beliefs.

Aboriginal rights: Rights that some Aboriginal peoples of Canada hold as a result of their ancestors' long-standing use and occupancy of the land. The rights of certain Aboriginal peoples to hunt, trap and fish on ancestral lands are examples of Aboriginal rights. Aboriginal rights vary from group to group depending on the customs, practices and traditions that have formed part of their distinctive cultures.

Aboriginal self-government: Governments designed, established and administered by Aboriginal peoples under the Canadian Constitution through a process of negotiation with Canada and, where applicable, the provincial government.

Aboriginal title: A legal term that recognizes an Aboriginal interest in the land. It is based on the long-standing use and occupancy of the land by today's Aboriginal peoples as the descendants of the original inhabitants of Canada.

Band: A body of Indians for whose collective use and benefit lands have been set apart or money is held by the Crown, or declared to be a band for the purposes of the Indian Act. Each band has its own governing band council, usually consisting of one chief and several councillors. Community members choose the chief and councillors by election, or sometimes through custom. The members of a band generally share common values, traditions and practices rooted in their ancestral heritage. Today, many bands prefer to be known as First Nations. continued on page 43

McDONALD FUELS A Division of 698185 Ontario INC.

Marketers of Petroleum Products (306) 275-4500 or 1-800-878-7714

628-3677 • 628-3173

Fax: (306) 275-4728

P.O. Box 390, Eganville, Ontario K0J 1T0

St. Brieux

Eganville

42

43 continued from page 41 Bill C-31: The pre-legislation name of the 1985 Act to Amend the Indian Act. This act eliminated certain discriminatory provisions of the Indian Act, including the section that resulted in Indian women losing their Indian status when they married non-Status men. Bill C-31 enabled people affected by the discriminatory provisions of the old Indian Act to apply to have their Indian status and membership restored.

Custom: A traditional Aboriginal practice. For example, First Nations peoples sometimes marry or adopt children according to custom, rather than under Canadian family law. Band councils chosen “by custom” are elected or selected by traditional means, rather than by the election rules contained in the Indian Act. First Nation: A term that came into common usage in the 1970s to replace the word “Indian,” which some people found offensive. Although the term First Nation is widely used, no legal definition of it exists. Among its uses, the term “First Nations peoples” refers to the Indian peoples in Canada, both Status and non-Status.

Some Indian peoples have also adopted the term “First Nation” to replace the word “band” in the name of their community.

Indian: Indian peoples are one of three groups of people recognized as Aboriginal in the Constitution Act, 1982. It specifies that

Aboriginal people in Canada consist of Indians, Inuit and Métis. Indians in Canada are often referred to as: Status Indians, non-Status Indians and Treaty Indians.

Status Indian: A person who is registered as an Indian under the Indian Act. The act sets out the requirements for determining who is an Indian for the purposes of the Indian Act. Non-Status Indian: An Indian person who is not registered as an Indian under the Indian Act. Treaty Indian: A Status Indian who belongs to a First Nation that signed a treaty with the Crown.

Indian Act: Canadian federal legislation, first passed in 1876, and amended several times since. It sets out certain federal government obligations and regulates the management of Indian reserve lands, Indian moneys and other resources. Among its many provisions, the Indian Act currently requires the Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development to manage certain moneys belonging to First Nations and Indian lands and to approve or disallow First Nations by-laws. In 2001, the national initiative Communities First: First Nations Governance was launched, to consult with First Nations peoples and leadership on the issues of governance under the Indian Act. The process will likely take two to three years before any new law is put in place.

MPH

Ventures Corp Suite 2230, 885 West Georgia Street Vancouver BC V6C 3E8

604-687-3376 Vancouver

Indian status: An individual's legal status as an Indian, as defined by the Indian Act. Innu: Naskapi and Montagnais First Nations (Indian) peoples who live in Northern Quebec and Labrador.

Inuvialuit: Inuit who live in the Western Arctic.

Inuit: An Aboriginal people in Northern Canada, who live in Nunavut, Northwest Territories, Northern Quebec and Northern Labrador. The word means “people” in the Inuit language — Inuktitut. The singular of Inuit is Inuk.

Land claims: In 1973, the federal government recognized two broad classes of claims — comprehensive and specific. Comprehensive claims are based on the assessment that there may be continuing Aboriginal rights to lands and natural resources. These kinds of claims come up in those parts of Canada where Aboriginal title has not previously been dealt with by treaty and other legal means. The claims are called “comprehensive” because of their wide scope. They include such things as land title, fishing and trapping rights and financial compensation. Specific claims deal with specific grievances that First Nations may have regarding the fulfilment of treaties.

Specific claims also cover grievances relating to the administration of First Nations lands and assets under the Indian Act. continued on page 45

N.I.I.A P.O. Box 809 Kuujjuaq PQ J0M 1C0

819-964-2976 Kuujjuaq

44

Head Office Box 18, Cambridge Bay NU X0B 0C0 Tel.: (867) 983-2200 Fax: (867) 983-2995 Email: kitcorp@polarnet.ca

Cambridge Bay

Lacelle Bros. Ltd. TIRES RIES BATTE

CANADIAN IMPERIAL VENTURE CORP.

ARE HARDW AL IC ELECTR

Suite 503, 5th Floor The Fortis Building ~ 139 Water St P.O. Box 6232, St. John’s, NL A1C 1B2

P.O. Box 238, Cadillac, Sask. S0N 0K0

Tel.: 306-785-2222 • Fax: 306-785-2006

Cadillac

Telephone: 709 739 6700 FAX: 709 739 6605 info@canadianimperial.com

St. John’s

45 continued from page 43 Métis: People of mixed First Nation and European ancestry who identify themselves as Métis, as distinct from First Nations people, Inuit or non-Aboriginal people. The Métis have a unique culture that draws on their diverse ancestral origins, such as Scottish, French, Ojibway and Cree.

The North: Land in Canada located north of the 60th parallel. INAC's responsibilities for land and resources in the Canadian North relate only to Nunavut, Northwest Territories and Yukon.

Nunavut: The territory created in the Canadian North on April 1, 1999 when the former Northwest Territories was divided in two.

Nunavut means “our land” in Inuktitut. Inuit, whose ancestors inhabited these lands for thousands of years, make up 85 percent of the population of Nunavut. The territory has its own public government.

Off-reserve: A term used to describe people, services or objects that are not part of a reserve, but relate to First Nations.

VANGOLD RESOURCES LTD. CANADIAN PHOENIX

Oral history: Evidence taken from the spoken words of people who have knowledge of past events and traditions. This oral history is often recorded on tape and then put in writing. It is used in history books and to document claims.

Suite 1730-650 West Georgia Street Vancouver, BC V6B 4N9

Reserve: Tract of land, the legal title to which is held by the Crown, set apart for the use and benefit of an Indian band.

Surrender: A formal agreement by which a band consents to give up part or all of its rights and interests in a reserve. Reserve lands can be surrendered for sale or for lease, on certain conditions.

Tribal council: A regional group of First Nations members that delivers common services to a group of First Nations.

604-684-1974

This general information is provided as a brief overview only. The provisions of the Indian Act, its regulations, other federal statutes and their interpretation by the courts take precedence over the content of this information sheet.

547 Meloche, Dorval, QC H9P 2W2

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Birch River

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Cape Dorset

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47

ESS is an active member of the Canadian Council for Aboriginal Business (CCAB) and one of only eleven organizations to achieve Gold Level Certification in the Progressive Aboriginal Relations (PAR) program created by the CCAB. ESS is also the founding and lead sponsor of the Aboriginal Business Hall of Fame and annually sponsors the Foundation for the Advancement of Aboriginal Youth (FAAY) and its bursary and scholarship program. In 2007, ESS was responsible for flowing over $20 million into the Aboriginal economy.

Our Team - Committed to PAR ESS recognizes that dedicated top-level resources are necessary to effectively pursue and maintain our ongoing PAR objectives. Our committed team is dedicated to developing strong links and relationships with our existing and future Aboriginal business partners across Canada and Alaska.The team includes Denis Smith (of the Métis Nation) and Don Kallusky, as Directors of Aboriginal Affairs, and James Ross (of the Gwich’n First Nation), a District Manager of Operations.They ensure our First Nation partners are well positioned to win opportunities in our marketplace. Denis, Don, and James have extensive knowledge and skills and work closely with First Nations partners and ESS regional operations to develop customized programs to benefit both clients and community.

“Making a difference while building positive relations for First Nations has been my life's work and I get to do that on a daily basis with ESS Support Services, one of the leading North American organizations that has produced real partnerships with First Nations.

As the Regional Manager from the Northwest Territories with operational and business development responsibilities, it has been a challenging yet positive choice for this Gwich'in. I enjoy the opportunity to work with great people who provide great service and produce great results.”

James Ross, Regional Manager

“Two of the primary reasons First Nations communities reach out to partner with ESS is that, first, our partnership model creates an Aboriginal majority-owned joint venture, which means our partners are actively engaged in the governance of the operation, and second, Compass’s trademark culture of respect and other corporate values attracts them and heightens their confidence in the fact that ESS walks the talk.”

Denis Smith, Director of Aboriginal Affairs Photo: Denis (left) & Chief Arthur Noskey sign agreement, Loon River First Nation, Alberta

continued on page 49

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Phone 807-345-3209 Fax: 807-345-2780 L.E. Pond, P.Eng • email: lpond@lynxnorth.on.ca

Thunder Bay

48

East Asia Minerals Corporation 1980-1055 West Hastings Street, Vancouver, BC, V6E 2E9, CANADA

www.EAminerals.com Nick Kohlmann, Corporate Communications

Phone: 416-792-8734

Largo Resources Ltd. 65 Queen St West, Suite 820 Toronto, Ontario M5H 2M5

416-861-5882 Toronto

Akwesasne Territory P.O. Box 1394, Cornwall, Ontario K6H 5V4

Tel: (613) 933-6500 Fax: (613) 933-7808 • info@ohwistha.ca

Cornwall

Vancouver

49 “I spend a lot of time in the communities we have partnered with. It is very rewarding to see the communities develop and provide new opportunities for the young people.”

Don Kallusky, Director of Aboriginal Affairs Photos: Don presents Lacrosse equipment

continued from page 47

to Attawapiskat High School, Ontario

Our Joint Ventures - True Partnerships ESS is committed to a true joint venture partnership model with Aboriginal majority ownership in the camp services business for First Nations communities, bands, and individuals.This model ensures that majority profits from the enterprise return to the community. ESS procurement programs are also designed to provide barrierfree access into our supply chain for Aboriginal-owned enterprises. ESS has longstanding partnerships with over 20 First Nations in the Northwest Territories, the Yukon, British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Labrador, and 4 Native joint ventures in Alaska.

Our joint ventures are Aboriginal-owned companies that deliver solid benefits to our clients: • A reliable contribution to our clients’ corporate objectives to maximize aboriginal participation.

• A strong joint venture partnership and unique operating strategy that give all stakeholders a visible profile and added credibility throughout the region. Direct benefits are returned to the community and benefit the First Nation partner in the joint venture with ESS. • A best in class camp experience that helps our clients recruit and retain the industry’s best workers. At the foundation of our camp services is our pledge to deliver Great Food & Great Service.

• ESS’ proven ability to deliver and manage comprehensive service levels safely and contribute to the over-all success of the camp environment.

Through ESS, our remote camp experience in Northern Canada spans more than 40 years, and we proudly count many of Canada’s foremost resource companies among our list of valued clients.

Community Involvement From senior management to operations, Compass Group Canada commits to maximizing employment opportunities for First Nations/ Aboriginal peoples in all areas of ESS.We particularly focus on the communities in which we do business.We offer a positive work environment that uses fair and consistent treatment and provides equal growth opportunities for all employees.Through our joint ventures, we also provide sponsorship to various community events. Since 2003, Compass Group Canada has invested over $475,000 in Aboriginal events across Canada.

Concrete Results In 2007, ESS was responsible for flowing over $20 million into the Aboriginal economy by way of our Aboriginal joint venture partnerships, Aboriginal suppliers, payroll to Aboriginal associates, and sponsorships for the Canadian Council for Aboriginal Business (CCAB), the Foundation for the Advancement of Aboriginal Youth (FAAY), and the Aboriginal Hall of Fame (ABHF).We are proud of these numbers, which represent concrete results and support our commitment to the four cornerstones of Progressive Aboriginal Relations (PAR): Employment, Business Development, Individual Capacity Development, and Community Relations.

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50

Barristers & Solicitors

Serving First Nations for over 30 Years Aboriginal Litigation and Treaty Rights Land Claims & Treaty Negotiations Reserve Related Claims Aboriginal Governance & Employment Issues Fisheries and Forestry Matters Commercial and Non-profit Entities Community Development

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North Vancouver

51

OUR VISION We the First Nations, are children of the Earth, placed here by the Creator to live in harmony with each other, the land, animals and other living beings. All beings are interconnected in the Great Circle of Life.

As First Nations, we treasure our collective values of wisdom, respect, humility, sharing, harmony, beauty, strength and spirituality. They have preserved and passed down our traditions through countless generations.

The Elders teach us to respect the beliefs and values of all nations. Under the Treaties, our leaders bade us to work in cooperation and equal partnership with other nations. The Elders' desire for

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an Indian institution of higher education led to the establishment of the Saskatchewan Indian Federated College (SIFC).

The First Nations University of Canada provides an opportunity for students of all nations to learn in an environment of First Nations cultures and values. The university is a special place of learning where we recognize the spiritual power of knowledge and where knowledge is respected and promoted. In following the paths given to us by the Creator, the First Nations have a unique vision to contribute to higher education. With the diversity and scope of the First Nations degree programs, the university occupies a unique role in Canadian higher education. The university promotes a high quality of education, research and publication.

Sodexho, membre PAR certifié OR, se dédie à développer et entretenir des liens sociaux et économiques avec la communauté autochtone.

Notre vision d'entreprise, axée sur le développement durable, soutient également la formation ainsi que la création d'emloi.

• Services Alimentaires • Machines Distributrices • Traiteur • Services d'entretien des bâtiments • Entrtien Ménager • Buanderie • Services environnementaux

Gold Level Progressive Aboriginal Relations

At the First Nations University of Canada, First Nations students can learn in the context of their own traditions, languages and values.

Rooted in their own traditions, our students will walk proudly and wisely today. The university, through extension programming, reaches out and welcomes First Nations peoples to use its resources for the enrichment of their communities.

The university requires facilities which reflect the uniqueness, values, dignity and beauty of the First Nations it represents. It will include appropriate recognition and integration of the role of the Elders, cultural symbols and the First Nations connectedness to the land. continued on page 53

Niveau or Relations d’autochtone progressives

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Sodexho is a PAR Go1d certified member and committed to building a strong social and economic bond with the Aboriginal community. Our corporate focus is on sustainable development, while employment and training remain critical building blocks.

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52

BG Communications International Inc. 4480 CotĂŠ-de-Liesse, Suite 206 Mount Royal, QC H4N 2R1 info@communications.ca

Tel.: 514.376.7919 1.800.870.7919 Fax: 514.376.4486

Montreal

201 Avenue D South Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7M 1P8

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Saskatoon

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Winnipeg

53 continued from page 51

OUR MISSION The mission of the First Nations University of Canada is to enhance the quality of life, and to preserve, protect and interpret the history, language, culture and artistic heritage of First Nations.

The First Nations University of Canada will acquire and expand its base of knowledge and understanding in the best interests of First Nations and for the benefit of society by providing opportunities of quality bi-lingual and bi-cultural education under the mandate and control of the First Nations of Saskatchewan.

The First Nations University of Canada is a First Nations’ controlled university-college which provides educational opportunities to both First Nations and non-First Nations university students selected from a provincial, national and international base.\

OUR HISTORY In May 1976, the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations entered into a federation agreement with the University of Regina, creating the Saskatchewan Indian Federated College (SIFC).

The Agreement provided for an independently administered university-college, the mission of which is to serve the academic, cultural and spiritual needs of First Nations’ students.

On June 21, 2003, the Saskatchewan Indian Federated College officially changed its name to the First Nations University of Canada.

When SIFC first opened its doors in the fall of 1976, it had nine students and offered the following programs; Indian Studies, Indian Languages, Indian Teacher Education, Social Work, Fine Arts (Indian Art, Indian Art History) and Social Sciences.

Since then, enrolment has steadily grown, and the First Nations University of Canada now maintains an average annual enrolment over 1200. One quarter of our students come from outside Saskatchewan and represent every province and territory in Canada. Our alumni base has grown to over 2500.

part of the university. And, in the past three years, our university has delivered post-registered nursing programs in advanced practice primary care nursing and the First Nations community nursing program.

The university has also begun to expand its range of graduate programs. This includes a special case Masters program in Arts and Science, a First Nations Masters in Business Administration and a Masters of Aboriginal Social Work Program in Aboriginal Therapy.

Since 1983, the university has entered into over twenty-five agreements with Indigenous peoples’ institutions in Canada, South and Central America and Asia and signed agreements with academic institutions in Siberia (Russia), Inner Mongolia (China) and Tanzania.

The university has been a member of the Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada (AUCC) since 1994.

For more information please visit: www.firstnationsuniversity.ca

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The university offers programs and services on three campuses: Regina, Saskatoon and Prince Albert (Northern Campus). Within the university, there are 10 academic departments and/or schools that offer a variety of programs and courses. Our Northern Campus (Prince Albert) maintains the responsibility of coordinating and delivering community based and distance education programs. The Indigenous Centre for International Development (ICID) maintains our international partnerships with other countries for university programming.

The university has increasingly moved into highercost professional programs in health and science.

These have been developed in consultation with First Nation communities who identify areas of demand.

The programs have often involved close collaboration with academic and government partners. In 1996, the National School of Dental Therapy program became

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identify under the umbrella of ‘First Nations’.

Deconstructing what I thought a PhD program was: Reflections of a First Year PhD Student in the Indigenous Studies Ph.D. Program at Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada.

Lana Ray Currently there is limited enrolment of Indigenous peoples within a PhD program in Canada. As of 2006, approximately 2% of First Nations, Inuit and Métis peoples in Canada were enrolled in or had completed some level of graduate education-whether it was a PhD program or a Master’s is unknown.

From my own experience it is not uncommon for there to be a higher number of nonIndigenous than Indigenous students at graduate conferences within the subject of ‘Indigenous research’. Within my current program, Indigenous Studies at Trent University, there are only three students in first year and we all self

My commentary on the low rate of enrolment in PhD programs is not meant to take away from the successes of Indigenous peoples made within the educational sphere. My goal is to start a discourse on barriers to Indigenous peoples obtaining a PhD, as well as to provide encouragement for those who have thought about taking this pathway.

I can only speak from what I know, so I would like to share my fears and apprehensions of a PhD program, and deconstruct these through my own personal experiences as a first year PhD student. Although it is my personal journey, I hope that what I have to say will resonate with others and provide support and encouragement towards pursuing a doctorate.

I want to ensure you that I do not stand in a naïve place. I realize that there are many challenges socially, economically, politically, and spiritually at various levels before one can be in a

position to begin a PhD program-I just offer my words for those who may share the same concerns I had.

I am from a close-knit community with a population of less than one thousand in a rural area nestled in nature. The thought of ‘city life’ was an intimidating one since many campuses are the size of my entire hometown! At Trent I have found that I have not been pushed too far out of my comfort zone. The campus itself is situated on the banks of a river and Peterborough boasts various walking trails which make me forget that I am even within city limits.

The Indigenous Studies Department acts as a community within a community. I have found that if my office door is left open there is always someone who will poke their head in and ask me how I am doing. The cultural advisor and the Elders have their doors open for guidance or just to chat. There are also a multitude of events that are attended by faculty, staff and students. continued on page 57

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57 continued from page 55 Another concern I had was, ‘will I fit in?’ My friend circle and family are far removed from academia. I have found that the hierarchal structure which is often embedded within institutions is far removed from the department. There is a sharing as equals amongst undergraduate and graduate students, staff and faculty and loved ones are welcome at barbeques, gatherings and other department events.

In specific regard to the PhD program, an orientation was held and I got to meet with staff and faculty. A provisional supervisor was assigned to me based on my interests, as well as a mentor, who was an upper year student in the program.

This in itself provided grounding in the sense that right off the bat there were core people that I had developed social networks with.

What I have also experienced; perhaps as a result of this sense of community, is that learning has been more of a shared experience among the peers in my class than a competition for marks.

We all come from our own places, with our own truths and these are respected. If there are differences of opinion, (which is only natural because we come from our own unique place in this world) the reaction is to try to understand instead of attack and criticize. I have found this extremely refreshing and energizing.

When I thought about applying to a PhD program a question that I struggled with was, ‘Am I smart enough?’ I doubt I am the only indigenous student to ever feel this way. Although I always was a good student, I often felt I needed to justify my academic successes. I also questioned if I wanted to be smart enough, let me explain.

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Thunder Bay

continued on page 59

Dedicated to Academic Excellence & Aboriginal Pride • Celebrating 10 years of success in 2005 • Over 150 graduates since opening, many of whom have gone on to complete their post secondary education • All courses are Ministry of Education inspected • A small secondary school with emphasis on individual success

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705-522-6372 Sudbury continued from page 57 As a result of my years in an academic institution I had come to equate being ‘smart’ with academic jargon and theory. I do believe that there is merit in theory, but there has to be more! Life consists of real experiences and real problems. In the Indigenous Studies PhD program I have found that theory is not far from praxis.

One class is built on the foundations of a non-paid placement, which is an opportunity to give back to the community and be engaged in research at the community level. As a teaching assistant I am working with an undergraduate class and the instructor on an Indigenous Women’s Symposium. This event brings women and men together internationally. Personal tools such as how to write grant proposals and apply for scholarships are also available and scheduled into class time.

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Revisiting the question, ‘Am I smart enough?’ the program’s conceptualization of ‘smart’ transcends academia’s definitions which include high test marks and rhetoric among other things. Do not get me wrong, intellect still has a place within the program (it is still a program within the confines of a larger institution), but other types of knowing are accepted and encouraged.

1-3111 Mil ar Avenue Saskatoon SK S7K 6N3

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One class utilizes a popular education approach and another employs a ‘hands on’ approach and story telling as ways of knowing. Reference searches are referred to as source searches because oral tradition and the arts are seen as valid ways of knowing. There is even a course, optional to a literature review course, where you have a chance to apprentice with an Elder.

University College Of The North

The Pas

Since I have started this program many of my fears and apprehensions have subsided. I am starting to reconfigure my conceptualization of ‘smart’ so it is now something that I want to be and it is something that the program is helping me to self identify with.

By Lana Ray

306-934-1818 Saskatoon

60

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Oxford House First Nation Board of Education Oxford House, Manitoba R0B 1C0

(204) 538-2051

Mission: The Canadian Aboriginal Music Awards program is developed and coordinated by Aboriginal people from across Canada. As this event is equally established for all Aboriginal people, we encourage First Nations, Inuit and Metis people to participate.

Fax: (204) 538-2013

Oxford House

It is the mission of the Canadian Aboriginal Music Awards to: • Acknowledge and honour the keepers, teachers, promoters, creators and performers of Aboriginal music; • Continue to develop and promote the diversity of all Aboriginal music; • Showcase and celebrate the excellence of Aboriginal music; and to • Recognize the unique vision of Aboriginal musicians and encourage this rich cultural voice.

The Judging System: Each of the Music Award categories will be judged by a panel of five to seven individuals from across Canada, who are active members of the professional Canadian music industry.

All panels will consist of at least 50% +1 Aboriginal Judges. The first tier of judging will determine the three finalist nominees from each category, after which the Judges will select one winner from each category, which will be announced at the award ceremony. continued on page 63

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Ardmore Université Sainte-Anne, Nova Scotia’s only post-secondary French institution is dedicated to the advancement of the French Language in Atlantic Canada.

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63

continued from page 61 All results will be audited by an accountant at KPMG in Hamilton.

Each of the three nominated categories will be judged by the Advisory Committee as a group.

The entire Award selection process will be managed by the Music Award Advisory Committee, Ron Robert and Catherine Cornelius (Coordinators/Producers).

2008 CAMA Award Winners: Best Aboriginal Music Radio Program Promoting Aboriginal Music – Ray St. Germain, “The Metis Hour.”

Best Album Cover Design – Tanya Tagaq, “Auk-Blood.”

Best Album of the Year – Crystal Shawanda, “Dawn of a New Day.” Best Blues Album – Texas Meltdown, “Feel the Heat.”

Best Country Album – Crystal Shawanda, “Dawn of a New Day.” Best Female Artist – Crystal Shawanda, “Dawn of a New Day.” Best Female Traditional/Cultural Roots Album – Tanya Tagaq, “Auk-Blood.”

Best Fiddle Album – Alyssa Delbaere-Sawchuk, “Omeigwessi Reel Metis: A Tribute to Walter Flett.”

Best Folk Acoustic Album – Christa Couture, “The Wedding Singer and the Undertaker.”

Vancouver Best Group or Duo – Eagle and Hawk, “Sirensong.”

Best Hand Drum Album – Northern Cree & Friends, “Dancin’ Til Sunrise.”

Best Instrumental Album – Alyssa Delbaere-Sawchuk,“Omeigwessi Reel Metis: A Tribute to Walter Flett” Best International Album – Stevie Salas, “Be What It Is.” Best Male Artist – Mitch Daigneault, “Driving All Night.”

Best Music Video – Crystal Shawanda, “Dawn of a New Day.” Best Original Score – Derek Miller, “Good Looking.”

Best Pow Wow Contemporary Album – Northern Cree, “Red Rock.”

Best Producer Engineer – Fara Palmer & Peter Kilgour, “Phoenix.”

Best Rap or Hip Hop Album – 7th Generation, “Self-Titled.”

Best Rock Album – Eagle & Hawk, “Sirensong.”

Best Song Single – Crystal Shawanda, “Dawn of a New Day.” Best Song Writer – Mitch Daigneault, “ Driving All Night – Letters “ Best Television Program Promoting Aboriginal Music – Winston Wuttunee, “Kitohcikew.”

Best Traditional Flute Album – Dallas Arcand, “Picking Sweetgrass.”

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Girl Guides of Canada-Guides du Canada (GGC) provides a safe and secure environment where girls can focus on exciting activities that help them become the best they can be. GGC programs are so dynamic that girls often don’t even realize they are building leadership skills and developing into self-assured young women.

GGC Members are as diverse as the many Canadian communities they come from. The Girl Guide program provides an accepting environment with varied and exciting activities that offer all girls the chance to discover, explore and be adventurous with new friends. From sports, camping and science to eco-activities and community projects, Guiding has something for every girl in Canada. Guiding is bold, fun, ener-

getic and gives girls the tools they need to achieve greatness.

Joan has been a Member of Girl Guides for 35 years and was a single mother to five children, with four of her daughters being involved in the Guiding movement. To support her family, and be able to spend quality time at home, she held a variety of jobs such as reflexologist and seamstress, and is currently a bus driver for special needs children. In spite of her busy homelife, she always found time to be an active Guiding Member and her sisters in Guiding supported her through many difficult times.

“I do not have any sisters, so my Guiding sisters became family to me. I love teaching the girls. It

makes me glow inside to think that I might have even just a little influence on their care of the earth, or inspire them to think for themselves or try something that is scary.”

Joan lives in Nova Scotia, comes from a mixed cultural background and grew up unaware of her Native Mi’kmaq heritage. It was partially through Girl Guides that she discovered her love and interest of Native culture when she heard a presenter from the Blackfoot First Nation speak at a provincial Guiding camp. She was then invited to participate at a Mohawk sweat lodge, later helped at a sundance, gradually came to meet different elders and community leaders and found her roots. It felt like she was “coming home”. continued on page 67

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67 continued from page 65 Canadian Guiding leaders are skilled and very creative at adapting the Girl Guides program to the needs of their girls, their environment and available resources in their communities. Joan introduced some Native cultural experiences to provide an additional flavour to the Guiding program.

“It gives me great joy to know my ancestors were such a proud and noble race who saw themselves as guardians of Mother Earth. Learning about my heritage enriched my path of growth and encouraged me to learn more. It is humbling to be asked to share knowledge, to think that I might know enough to teach another person. My love of Mother Earth and the environment is something I bring to every Guiding meeting.”

Guiding’s Native Heritage Badge encourages visits from someone of another culture to talk to girls in Guiding about their experiences.

When Joan visits other Units, she introduces herself as Little Turtle Woman, wears her ceremonial dress, sings and drums a song or two and introduces words from the Mi’kmaq language. To engage the girls, she brings props such as feathers, shows the medicine wheel and brings the four sacred medicines. Depending on the age group, Joan introduces topics such as how the girls can learn from animals, talks about Clans and the differences and similarities of different First Nations in Canada.

Two Guides learning how to properly use tools...

Joan continues to learn from her Native elders and acts in much the same way by passing on her knowledge and mentoring to the girls at Guiding. Her weekly Guiding meetings observe First Nation ideas of living in harmony with the earth, and incorporate simple ideas like not using disposable plates and cutlery. She uses the “talking stick” to instill the importance of respect and listening to everyone’s opinion and teaches the girls about nature while hiking.

“I’m trying to learn more of the Mi’kmaq language so I can sing along at pow wows and at the Native sweat lodge and other ceremonies. I enjoy sharing my Native heritage with my Guiding community and invite Guiders to sing the ‘Heartbeat of Mother Earth’ in Mi'kmaq while I drum. We say that the drumbeat is our mother’s heartbeat, it is primitive, very soothing and everyone is touched by it.”

continued on page 69

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69 continued from page 67 Joan presented to girls and adult Members at Guiding Mosaic, a National Camp that included international guests. The session participants shared their thoughts in a “Native talking circle” which one might equate with today’s group therapy sessions. Everyone had the opportunity to express themselves and share the feelings that might hold them back from moving forward on their path and it was very moving experience for some of the women.

Joan thinks that Guiding is particularly helpful for today’s girls because it keeps them busy, exposes them to a variety of activities and skills, helps them discover more about themselves and the world, and teaches them to be independent thinkers. Strong friendships evolve from Guiding programming that helps instill determination, spirit, camaraderie and resourcefulness .

drugs or become sexually active at a young age. Through Guiding, girls learn to be true to themselves without being scrutinized by peers. The best thing about Guides is that it lets girls just be girls, lets them do things and go places they might not get a chance to do otherwise.

GGC Members have opportunities to apply for Guiding scholarships or international trips. Guiding can provide them with a sense of belonging in a good respectful environment.”

Joan is an example of the many dedicated and talented women who ensure that all girls receive a rich, fun and meaningful Guiding experience. Her ongoing desire to keep learning and her passion for hobbies as broad as costume design to history provide a wealth of knowledge that she imparts to girls in Guiding.

“Guiding helps instill much of the First Nation philosophy of being kind to Mother Earth and protecting her for future generations. In my eyes, Guiding still remains the only way for most girls to get back to the earth and outdoors in a generation that is technologically advanced and far removed from its original roots.”

A young Girl Guide member from Saskatchewan, taking part in Guiding activities.

“Like all youth today, Native children are just as dependant on technology and may not relate with other youth in ways that they have done in the past. Pressure and boredom may cause them to drink, take

GGC is constantly refreshing its programming to meet the interests and needs of today’s girls. Moving towards its 100th anniversary in 2010, the Canadian Guiding Movement continues to raise awareness of the issues affecting girls and women across the country and introduces them to the many fantastic opportunities Guiding offers.

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The Inuit have historically participated in a variety of games and sporting activities.

Resulting from the North’s inherently harsh weather conditions, are activities wherein skills needed for participation include: physical strength, agility, and endurance.

Interestingly, many Inuit games traditionally require little to no equipment. In an attempt to showcase and strengthen Inuit communities through participation in sport, the Arctic Winter Games were first held in 1969. The games are hosted in communities across the northern regions of the world, featuring traditional Inuit and northern sports as part of the events, providing Inuit youth an opportunity to display their talents and share in the joy of sport. The Inuit Games are one of six annual Northern Games, held each summer in different regions of the Northwest Territories. The games were first held in 1970, and while rotated usually among Alaska, Yukon and the Northwest Territories, they were also been held in Schefferville, Quebec in 1976.

Further, the games were held in a joint Iqaluit, Nunavut-Nuuk, Greenland staging in 2002.

Cal Miller, an advisor with the Yukon team at the 1967 Canada Winter Games believes that the games "provide a forum where athletes from the circumpolar North could compete on their own terms, on their own turf." While the Arctic Winter Games Committee explains that “The Games provide an opportunity to strengthen sport development in the participants’ jurisdictions, to promote the benefits of sport, to build partnerships, and to promote culture and values. The Games celebrate sport, social exchange and cultures. Further, they provide an opportunity for the developing athlete to compete in friendly competition while sharing cultural values from northern

regions around the world.” Thus, the games serve in creating a cultural identity for the Inuit people through sport.

The focus of the Arctic Winter Games is still the same today as it was in 1970: “to involve as many athletes as possible either in the Games themselves or in team trials and to provide a forum of competition for those other than elite athletes with competitive opportunities in the south.” By attracting a diverse group of competitors ranging from recreational to competitive, the Games can uniquely appeal to a wide range of the Inuit population.

The games Athletes are privileged to receive support and direction from accomplished coaches who adhere to and help dignify the Arctic Winter Games values and operating principles. The Games include sports and events that foster all-inclusive involvement from any willing participant. The Games are a staging ground for developing both male and female athletes to improve their athletic skills and to develop personal values and traits that will enhance their ability to succeed.

Consequently, the games are much more than competition, they serve to encourage friendly rivalry and active participation in a cohesive and tolerant environment.

Below are the principles and descriptions of two events: THE ARM PULL: To start, two players face each other sitting on the floor. Each player keeps their left leg straight and bends their right leg over the opponent's straightened leg. Both players lock their right arms together at the bent elbow and hold their opponent's right ankle with their

left hand. Watches and bracelets should be removed from wrists and arms. To begin play, competitors pull slowly and steadily at the elbow while bracing the opposite hand on their opponent's leg, foot or ankle. Players must pull only from inside the elbows.

To begin the arm pull, competitors pull slowly and steadily at the elbow while bracing the opposite hand on their opponent's leg, foot or ankle.

There are three rounds in a competition, and the best of three wins. A coin flip determines the choice of arm for the first pull. The second pull is done with the opposite arm and the third pull is with the first choice of arms. To win a round, a player must either pull their opponent over, get their arm to straighten or make their opponent's hand touch the winner's chest. If a player falls sideways or the hand of the locked arm touches the floor, the pull is started over. continued on page 72

72 continued from page 71 SNOW SNAKE: The goal of this game is to throw your snow snake the farthest along a groomed snow track.

To start, make a clear track for the snow snake to travel along: build a long snowbank, about 1 metre high and 1 metre wide, and 100 metres long. (You can make it longer or shorter depend-

ing on how much space you have available.)

Carve a long track in the pile, about 6 inches wide, and smooth it over thoroughly. If possible, water it for an icy surface.

The goal of the snow snake game is to throw your snow snake - a carved stick of hardwood - Now, you need a snow snake - traditionally, a snake is carved out of a straight stick of hardwood about 1.5 metres long and five to 10 cm in diameter at the large end. The bark is stripped off and the snake's head is marked off on the large end to measure about five to 10 cm in length. The rest of the stick is about three cm in diameter. The head of the snake should curve up like a ski. In the past, the snakes were carved and highly decorated on the non-sliding surfaces of the snake. For a quick version of a snow snake, try using an old hockey stick with the bottom cut off and carve one end so that it curves upwards slightly. This will help the snake move along the snowy track.

If you want, take some time to make carvings and painted decorations on your snake.

To play, take turns with your opponents in throwing the stick down the track. If you want to play as a team, the person who throws the farthest in each round scores a point for his or her team.

An additional point goes to the team with the player who has made the longest throw of the whole game. Athletes at the Arctic Games can throw their snow snakes over 90 metres. Do you think you can match their throws?

Courtesy of The Ministry of Indian and Northern Affairs www.ainc-inac.gc.ca

Approved by Transport Canada *2 year program *18 months experience required for an AME license * Graduates can apply for apprentice employment to companies in the north and around the world Box 2015, Yellowknife, NT X1A 2R3

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Yellowknife

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ASSEMBLY OF FIRST NATIONS Health & Social Secretariat

The Assembly of First Nations Health& Social Secretariat would like to take this opportunity to recognize, acknowledge and honour the dedication and efforts of all those working tirelessly in the field of suicide prevention.

Those who govern, design and provide support and services in communities are vital to establishing and maintaining healthy and safe communities.

The Assembly of First Nations is the national organization representing First Nations citizens in Canada.

The AFN Health is responsible to protect, maintain, promote, support, and advocate for our inherent, treaty and constitutional rights, (w)holistic health, and the wellbeing of our nations.

For more information on the AFN please visit our website or contact our office at: Assembly of First Nations 473 Albert Street, Suite 810, Ottawa, ON K1R 5B4 Telephone: (613) 241-6789 • Toll-free: 1-866-869-6789 Fax: (613) 241-6789 www.afn.ca

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Quebec

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HUMAN RESOURCES OFFICE Suite 202, 5109 - 48 Street Yellowknife, NT X1A 1N5

Tel.: 867.766.3001 Fax: 867.766.3005 e-mail: hr@nunalogistics.com

Edmonton

Yellowknife

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F

or VANOC, sustainability means managing the social, economic and environmental impacts and opportunities of our Games to produce lasting benefits, locally and globally.

It also includes our commitment to achieving unprecedented Aboriginal participation in the planning and hosting of the Games.

Sustainability Performance Objectives VANOC has established a set of six corporatewide sustainability performance objectives.

These objectives are based on bid commitments, best management practices of other

Organizing Committees and leading sustainability firms, and input from sustainability experts, key partners and stakeholders.

Our sustainability performance objectives have been incorporated into all of our business systems. As a result, responsibility for our sustainability commitments and outcomes is distributed across the entire organization and reflected in the performance plan and compensation of VANOC employees.

Our Sustainability Performance Objectives: 1. Accountability 2. Environmental Stewardship and

Impact Reduction 3. Social Inclusion and Responsibility 4. Aboriginal Participation and Collaboration 5. Economic Benefits 6. Sport for Sustainable Living Aboriginal Participation VANOC’s goal is to achieve unprecedented Aboriginal participation in the planning and hosting of the 2010 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games. We’ll do this by developing strong relationships with Aboriginal peoples – First Nations, Inuit and Métis – and the support of our Partners. continued on page 76

O.J PIPELINES 1409 4th Street, Nisku, AB T9E 7M9

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76

continued from page 75 Aboriginal participation is a key element of our sustainability mandate and is recognized by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) for the value it brings to the Olympic Movement.

We’re working closely with our partners, including the Four Host First Nations, to encourage Aboriginal people across Canada to participate in as many areas of the 2010 Winter Games as possible, be it as athletes, volunteers, employees, entrepreneurs, artists and performers, spectators or cultural ambassadors.

The role of Indigenous peoples in the Olympic Movement In 1999, the IOC adopted Agenda 21: Sport for Sustainable Development, which includes the objective to “strengthen the inclusion of women, youth and Indigenous peoples in the Games.”

“One of our greatest challenges is that Indigenous participation is relatively new to the Olympic Movement – there is no template we can follow – no clear indicators for how we measure our success. Indigenous participation in past Games, such as Calgary and Salt Lake City, has focused primarily on ceremonies and cultural programs.

We plan to go beyond that, to set the bar higher, with the hope that future Organizing Committees can be inspired and learn from our experience.” – Gary Youngman, Consulting Director, Aboriginal Participation For more info please visit: www.vancouver2010.com

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am writing this letter to introduce you to our Company, CARMIX CANADA LIMITED. We are the exclusive distributor of the finest SELF-LOADING 4x4 All-Terrain Concrete Mixers in the world.

I

300 degrees, the front cab, the hydraulically closed shovel, the jotmix, the electronic weighing system, and other smart innovations. They are capable of producing from one meter to hundreds of meters of concrete per day.

Carmix currently has machines in over 120 countries worldwide. It is easy to operate, cost-efficient, and the ideal solution to produce and distribute fresh concrete to the most congested downtown area, or on a remote island in Cottage Country. They are built with maximum quality and unmatchable reliability.

Options available include a High-Pressure Washing pump (90 bar) with gun, additional discharging chute extension, a spare wheel, and an electronic weighing system P5 with printer.

From sidewalks, driveways, patios, and curbs to poured foundations, footings and floors to Industrial applications such as shippong plazas, office buildings, wharehouses, etc., there is a Carmix unit that can do the job. No job is too small or too large.

They come equipped with reliable Cummins and Perkins diesel engines, (depending on the model chosen), hydrostatic transmission by RexRoth, 4 wheel drive, and 4 wheel sterring (for maneuvrability and access to the most difficult of areas). Carmix can access areas that a conventional mixer would not even attempt.

If you require ANY further information about our exceptional machines including current pricing, do not hesitate to call on me.

Carmix is continuously revolutionizing the "mixer concept" drum slewing

I hope to do business with you in the near future.

Big Trout Lake First Nation Band Kitchenuhmaykoosib Inninuwug P.O. Box 329, Big Trout Lake, ON P0V 1G0

(807) 537-2263 • Fax: (807) 537-2574

Big Trout Lake

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ONECA Philosophy

F

rom the inception of the organization, the members of ONECA have strived to provide a way for the people to share and grow. Our way is to look at what we create, with the same compassion as we look at our children and the cycle of growth and the life path we journey as human beings. ONECA. began as a child. We all have contributed something in bringing this child into this world. Now, we must continue to give it the nourishment, strength and wisdom to be itself.

The Child (ONECA.) has continued to grow as we all continue on our own path of growth because ONECA has the strength and character of rock. The people have spirits that are lofty and free. There is a creative energy that can make dreams and visions become reality. There is a spirit that will carry the people of ONECA. to a place where we need to be, and we trust that spirit.

We are strong. We will be given direction and strength in order for us to carry on. It is not

coincidental that we all envisioned a place, an open place, a peaceful place, a sharing place, a teaching place. When we allow those things to be, then the collective dream, the collective vision, will be allowed to soar on its own.

We must always be aware that we stand on a high place. We are able to look over the tree tops, and we are able to let the eagle, hawk and the wind carry us, our messages and dreams.

When we listen, the songs of our people will be there. Our teachers will be there. The circle will be strong and we will go on.

This place of awareness and spirit is within us.

It is that place which provides peace, teaches peace and loves peaceful people. To be able to teach children is a great gift. To learn is a great gift. ONECA is a place where we will learn.

ONECA is a place where we will teach.

ONECA is a place where we will help each other. ONECA is a place where we will help our people. ONECA. will be a healing and a teaching place. continued on page 83

Kenrich-Eskay Mining Corp C206-9801 George Highway Surrey, BC V3T 5H5

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PO Box 70 4315 Goldmine Road, South Porcupine ON P0N lH0

Phone: 705-235-6564 Fax: 705-235-6743

South Porcupine

P.O. Box 10102, Suite 1650 701 West Georgia Street Vancouver, BC, Canada V7Y 1C6 1988 Kingsway, Unit G Sudbury, ON, Canada P3B 4J8 Tel.: 604.806.0667 • Fax: 604.688.5175

Vancouver/Sudbury

83 continued from page 81 ONECA. is bonded together by the spirit of the organization - bonded together by the belief from which ONECA was born.

2540 Airport Road, Ste 100 Regina, Saskatchewan S4W 1A3

The counsellors of the Association are the wind beneath the Eagles' wings that soar. The people of our Nations are also a part of the wind beneath its wings.

The people of ONECA. believe in all voices; the voices that they hear as they work in their communities, and the voices of their elders - who allow us to grow and who protect us. We all have gifts. We all have different visions. It is all of these things which we are able to share, and by doing so, the wind beneath the Eagles' wings will grow stronger. We will carry that Eagle to its spiritual source.

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Through ONECA we can provide the acceptance of one another, the comfort, and the security that encourages our individual and collective growth. Each person who becomes involved in ONECA will find a place of belonging as we willingly share the gifts that each of us possess.

The responsibility to the Red Nation people and to their future is a very serious responsibility and this responsibility is shared by all. At ONECA, one is all and all is one. We will continue nurturing each other as we go along, thereby giving the child within each of us and the child of ONECA, the nourishment and strength it needs to carry on and mature. By reaching out to others, by consoling each other through our growing pains, by consolidating our spirits, and by bonding together, we will be able to access our strength and ensure that ONECA grows strong into the future.

Over the past ten years we have witnessed the growth of our people who have struggled with their healing and have gained great strides in their personal development. It is true that the organization, ONECA, has also grown much through these past ten years. It is an organization that absorbs the caring and sharing, and spiritual contribution of all it's members. It is an organization that truly has grown to reach the next phase of life - adolescence. As we mature with time and experience we are able to honour change and growth as ONECA and as Aboriginal people.

Our communities are growing and changing, gathering the courage to continue the constant need for personal healing and more opportunities are made available for the children to experience the empowerment of self. The First Nations will be able to face the future of uncertainty and opportunity, knowing the government's policies dealing with the First Nations education continue to change.

Courtesy of ONECA • www.oneca.com

Phone: 306-791-4600 Fax: 306-352-3919 www.prairieaircraft.com prairieaircraft@telus.net

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1, Panther Place Mount Pearl (NFLD) A1N 2Y2 Phone: (709) 747-7341 Fax: (709) 747-8752

485 Venture Drive Moncton (New Brunswick) E1H 2P4 Phone: (506) 855-5371 Fax: (506) 870-4448

Easter Canada

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anadian Gold Hunter Corp. is a Canadian mineral exploration company based in Vancouver, B.C. The Company's shares trade on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the symbol CGH.

The Manson Creek Property is located in one of British Columbia's oldest placer gold camps. The primary target at Manson Creek

The Company is principally engaged in exploration and development of precious and base metal properties located in Canada and Mexico. The Company’s mission is to build Canadian Gold Hunter into one of Canada's leading gold exploration companies.

In line with the company’s growth strategy to becoming the leading gold explorer, Canadian Gold Hunter reviewed a number of additional projects for acquisition and signed an option agreement to earn a 70% interest in the Caballo Blanco gold project in Mexico. Caballo Blanco is an exciting new project for the Company, as it is highly prospective for two deposit types – highsulphidation epithermal gold and porphyry copper-gold. An extensive drill campaign is currently underway.

Canadian Gold Hunter’s properties include the GJ/Kinaskan project, a large, gold-rich copper porphyry deposit located in northwest British Columbia. The Donnelly-North and Donnelly copper-gold porphyry zones are the principal exploration targets within the property, which comprises 39 mineral claims covering 20,155 hectares.

The Zymo property is a coppergold porphyry target. The Company has an option with Eastfield Resources Ltd. (ETFTSXV) to earn up to a 75% interest in the Zymo Property, 40 km west of Smithers, BC. The 10,250 hectare property is accessed by good quality logging roads.

The Assean Lake property is shear-hosted gold and gold in sulphide iron formation targets, which lies within the northeastern extension of the Thompson Nickel Belt, a zone marking the collisional margin of the Early Proterozoic Churchill Province to the northwest against the Archean Superior Province to the south east during the TransHudson orogeny.

is a large, low-grade gold system - the QCM Zone. The Company has a 100% working interest in the Property.

We at Canadian Gold Hunter look forward to another exciting year of exploration both in Canada and Mexico. Our philosophy is to create wealth for all stakeholders and to do so with the utmost respect for the environment and the local population.

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UNGAVA TULATTAVIK HEALTH CENTER CENTRE DE SANTÉ TULATTAVIK DE L’UNGAVA

P.O. Box 149 Kuujjuaq, P.Q. J0M 1C0

Tel.: (819) 964-2905 Fax: (819) 964-6353

Kuujjuaq Transition Year Program Dalhousie University Halifax, N.S. B3H 3P9 Phone: (902) 494-3730

TRANSITION YEAR PROGRAM Henson College, Dalhousie University If you are a First Nation adult and are interested in attending university, but do not feel ready, you might want to consider the Transition Year Program (TYP). We enroll approximately 30 First Nations and African Canadian students per year.

For application forms and further information, please contact: Patricia Doyle-Bedwell, Director, Transition Year Program Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S. B3H 3J5

Phone: (902) 494-8810

Halifax

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Dedicated to improving the health status of First Nations Peoples

GREENSTONE

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION 473 Albert Street, Ottawa, Ontario K1R 5B4

Toll Free: (866) 869-6789

www.afn.ca

Ottawa

Community Economic Development Initiative 1409 Main Street, P.O. Box 1018, Geraldton, ON P0T 1M0 Tel.: 807.854.2273 • Fax: 807.854.2474

Geraldton

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Pulaarvik Kablu Friendship Centre P. O. Box 429, Rankin Inlet, Nunavut X0C 0G0

Phone: (867) 645-2600 Fax: (867) 645-2538 kablu@arctic.ca

Pulaarvik Kablu Friendship Centre Rankin Inlet

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lean drinking water has been declared a human right by the United Nations. It is essential for a community to grow, to be healthy, and to ensure a good future. Unfortunately there are communities in Canada that do not yet have safe and clean drinking water, for various reasons. Some communities have had boil water orders in place for well over 10 years. However there are communities that have come together, taken on the problem, and succeeded by creating clean drinking water and removing the boil water order.

Clear Water is Not Always Healthy Water The second step in the water treatment process is a reverse osmosis membrane. The extremely tight membrane removes any contaminants left in the water, and provides a barrier through which bacteria, giardia, and cryptosporidium cannot pass through. Not only is the produced water clean and healthy, it also is biologically stable. That means

This Success Story Could Be Yours

A New Approach The most common method of treating drinking water is to add chemicals and then strain the water through a sand filter or other specialized filter method. This is commonly referred to as “conventional water treatment�, is widespread and many excellent installations of this nature can be found.

However, when attempting to treat water such as that found in rural Saskatchewan, ground water high in iron, arsenic, manganese, and organics among other problems, these technologies can be challenged. An alternate biological method has been developed after extensive pilot testing and collaboration among scientists, operators, and community residents. The integrated biological treatment system harnesses the natural processes already present in the water; bacteria. The naturally occurring bacteria use the iron, manganese, arsenic etc. as sources of food and energy, and remove them from the water. This takes place in a filter filled with an expanded clay media that provides extensive surface area for the bacteria to live, and store the foulants that are removed from the water. Periodically the filter media is backwashed, and excess foulants are removed and sent to waste. There are no chemicals added to the biological filter, only oxygen.

A biological treatment system relies on the addition of oxygen and air, the amount needed does not vary by much throughout a typical year. The operator tests the oxygen levels going into each filter every day, to ensure that the system is working properly.

A greensand manganese filter typically requires backwashing once a day, while the biological system only requires it once a week. This translates into less water usage for backwashing, less operator time, and system downtime.

that any organic matter which could cause the growth of biological organisms in the reverse osmosis system, the distribution pipes, or people’s homes has already been used up. The result is cleaner pipes, membranes, and drinking water. This also translates to lower use of chlorine required to provide the residual levels in the distribution system.

Easy to Operate, and Environmentally Friendly A conventional treatment system can be very tricky to operate, and time intensive. For example a greensand manganese filter needs regular adjustment of the amount of potassium permanganate added to the feed, too much and the drinking water will turn pink, too little and it will be brown.

The community of Yellow Quill, Saskatchwan was able to remove their boil water order, which had been in place for 9 years, after the integrated biological reverse osmosis membrane system began producing clean healthy water. The operators at Yellow Quill are now members of the Advanced Aboriginal Water Treatment Team (AAWTT), and available to provide support to other communities experiencing challenges with their drinking water.

The SIBROM (Sapphire Integrated Biological Reverse Osmosis Membrane) system is available from the Sapphire Group, who have offices in Saskatchewan, Vancouver and Calgary.

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The Dryden Municipal Telephone System is a full-service public utility telephone company owned by the City of Dryden.

EOS Pipeline & Facilities Inc.

Our mandate is to provide efficient and effective, state-of-the-art, nationally connected telecommunications services to our subscribers while maintaining the financial and technical integrity of the system.

working in conjunction with the following:

Profits made by the company are used to keep the company current with new technologies and to reduce the tax burden on the residents of the City of Dryden.

We provide: 1. Telephone service to the residents and businesses located in West Dryden, i.e., the portion of the City of Dryden that was the Town of Dryden before the amalgamation of the Town of Dryden and the Township of Barclay into the City of Dryden, 2. Cellular, Mobile Radio and Paging Services to all residents of the general area, and Sales and Leasing of Globalstar Satelite Telephones 3. Internet Service to the general area, with High Speed DSL in Dryden, and Dial-up Service in and around our city, as well as High Speed Wireless Internet from Vermilion Bay west of Dryden to Wabigoon to the east on Northwestern Ontario's largest Wireless Internet Network.

Our Business Offices and Retail Telephone Store is located in the City Hall, at 30 Van Horne Avenue, and we are open from 8:30am to 4:30pm, Monday to Friday (except statutory holidays). We can be reached by fax at 223-1109 and by phone as follows: -

General telephone and Internet service inquiries : 223-1100 Cellular and Mobility inquiries : 221-1000 Connections, disconnections and billing inquires : 223-1111 Trouble reports for Dial-up, DSL, and Wireless Internet : 221-2100 Directory Advertising : 223-1115

• 953766 NWT Ltd, a subsidiary of Yamoga Land Corporation; • Mackay Range Contracting Ltd., a subsidiary of Tulita Land Corporation; • Techiq Ltd., a subsidiary of Deline Land Corporation; and, • Ka'a gee Tu First Nation.

Corporate Head Office Suite 1205, 736 - 6th Avenue. SW, Calgary, AB T2P 3T7 Phone: (403) 232-8200 Fax: (403) 232-8208

EOS Red Earth, District Office Bag 5000 Red Earth Creek, AB T0G 1XO Phone: (780) 649-3797 Fax: (780) 649-2277

EOS High Level, District Office 11101 - 93 St. High Level, AB T0H 1Z0 Phone: (780) 926-3110 Fax: (780) 926-3117

www.DTMS.biz

Red Earth / High Level / Calgary Gallery of the Midnight Sun In the heart of Yellowknife’s Oldtown

Inuit and Dene art • Northern Apparel and outerwear Northern gifts and souvenirs • Diamond polishing demonstrations Insurance appraisals

867-873-8064

5005 Bryston Drive, Yellowknife, NT X1A 2A3 Fax: 867-873-8065 • www.galleymidnightsun.com

Monday to Saturday 10:00-6:00 • Sunday 12:00-5:00 NWT Polar Bear Diamonds and Cubs

GE Canada 107 Park Street, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B5

(705) 748-8486

Peterborough

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A

boriginal Awareness Week being held this year on May 19-22 was first introduced in 1992 and is held on the four days that follow the Victoria Day long weekend. It was designed to increase awareness of aboriginal peoples among federal public service employees.

Getting Started There are a wide range of interesting and relevant topics about Aboriginal peoples that command both a high level of attention and concern. It is important to take the time to select a topic that is contemporary and has the potential to attract the broadest level of interest among the target audience and, at the same time, advance participants’ knowledge. Among the most popular topics are the following: • • • •

Aboriginal rights Residential school resolutions Spirituality Economic development – rural, northern, and urban

Speakers It is imperative to ensure that guest speakers are experienced, knowledgeable individuals who have acknowledged expertise in a specific subject area. Organizers should first decide on a specific topic and then identify a speaker who has that particular expertise. For example, if the chosen topic is about the Métis, a possible speaker on this issue could be a representative from the Métis National Council. Or, as another example, if the topic is about “Aboriginal Peoples in Federal Politics,” suitable speakers could include past and present Aboriginal Members of Parliament and Senators. Speakers with particular expertise can be identified by national, regional, or local political and cultural organizations, as well as by federal and provincial government departments with units involved in specific issues.

continued on page 93

g Lt n i c n e F s ' Shorty

d.

3818 Wilkes Ave., Winnipeg MB R3S 1A9

204-895-0202 Winnipeg

P.O. Box 272, Selkirk, Manitoba R1A 2B2

Sewer and Water Contractor Selkirk Line (204) 482-5031

Winnipeg Line (204) 475-8782

Fax Line (204) 482-9166 • Email: buus@mb.sympatico.ca

Selkirk

93 continued from page 91

Actitivites There are numerous activities that have potential to give depth and meaning to Aboriginal Awareness Week, including: • Elders available for individual consultations • Spiritual ceremonies conducted by elders • The presence of Aboriginal artists and artisans with samples of their work

Who Should Organize an AAW Week?

Setting up an event for Aboriginal Awareness Week requires a voluntary commitment on the part of a federal public service employee or a group of federal employees and/or department. Indeed, given the spirit and intent of Aboriginal Awareness Week, it is not necessary that the primary organizer(s) be Aboriginal.

It is important that an individual, group or department that wishes to organize an event or a series of events, meets the basic requirements of volunteerism, namely interest in participating in the event. With commitment assured, and support from this guide and other sources, the basic elements for a successful Aboriginal Awareness Week should be firmly in place.

There is no set or approved formula, procedure, or activity for recognizing Aboriginal Awareness Week. The most important element is the commitment to create awareness on topics related to Aboriginal peoples.

The most important element is the commitment to create awareness on topics related to Aboriginal peoples.

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Fall 2008 UNIVERSITY PROGRAMS for First Nations Certificate in Administration, Accounting, Bachelor of Social Work, Multidisciplinary Certificate Offered full-time in English at the Val-d’Or campus in the Fall of 2009.

Information: Janet Mark (819) 874-3837 #338 janet.mark@uqat.ca • www.uqat.ca

Val-d’Or

ONTARIO FEDERATION OF INDIAN FRIENDSHIP CENTRES 219 Front Street East Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5A 1E8

Toll Free 1-800-772-9291 Tel.: (416) 956-7575 • Fax: (416) 956-7577 www.ofifc.org The Ontario Federation of Indian Friendship Centres is pleased to announce two very important and exciting initiatives: Kizhaay Anishinaabe Niin: I am a Kind Man

&

Kanawayhitowin: Taking Care of Each Others Spirit

Toronto

95

Discover yourself Experience a trade or technology career Demonstrating to young people that there exist other options for achieving financial, personal and social success is at the root of Skills/Compétences Canada’s (S/CC) mission. As a national, not-forprofit organization we work with employers, educators, labour groups and governments to promote skilled trades and technology careers among Canadian youth. We have a unique position with offices in all provinces and territories which enables us to work closely with young people to help them discover their future career paths. By engaging students in local activities and clubs it allows youth the opportunity to realize their own potential and unique skills. “… when we started in 1998, most of our energy was focused on the Territorial and Canadian Skills Competitions. Now we have those events plus two annual youth conferences, cardboard boat and toboggan races in various communities, skills clubs running throughout the NWT, school and career fair presentations, and partnerships with a number of companies, organizations and government agencies. Wow!!” Executive Director, Skills Compétences Canada, NWT, Jan Fullerton

Challenge yourself Excel and compete toward excellence Regional competitions take place for high school and post-secondary students across the provinces and territories and are administered by their local Skills Canada office.

Those who perform in the top of their events at regional skills competitions then are given the opportunity to compete at the provincial or territorial level. From there, top competitors from each province make it to the annual Canadian Skills Competition, which will be hosted, this coming year in Charlottetown Prince Edward Island from May 20-23, 2009.

individuals were selected to form Team Canada to represent our country at the 40th WorldSkills Competition which will be held in Calgary, Alberta from September 1-7, 2009.

Inspire yourself Succeed and carve your future Get involved! Participate through your local, regional and provincial offices and engage yourself in activities that promote careers in the trades and technology sectors.

Although traveling to Alberta for the WorldSkills Calgary 2009 event would undoubtedly be the high point of your life, it may also seem unattainable.

However, there are things you can do within your own community that could one day put you on the world stage. Speak to your teachers, your counsellors, your mentors and call your local Skills Canada Office to show your interest in participating in some upcoming events and programming in your community. Explore our website and read our success stories and watch for new programs that you can get involved in.

For more information, visit www.skillscanada.com or call 1 877 754 5226. continued on page 96

“It is the only national, Olympic-style, multi-trade and technology competition for young students and apprentices in the country.” states Shaun Thorson, Executive Director of Skills/Compétences Canada, The Canadian Skills Competition, hosted by Skills Canada Alberta this past May 2008, was a special event for those that qualified and excelled in their respective trade or technology area. These proud

Alma

96 continued from page 95

The World is coming to Canada Team Canada competing on the Global Stage September 1-7, 2009 As the biggest event of its kind in the world, the WorldSkills competition hosts more than 1000 skilled young people age 17 to 23 from trade, service and technology programs in 50 member countries. These aspiring individuals come together to compete for gold, silver and bronze medals in more than 40 skill categories ranging from bricklaying to web design.

Based on Skills/Compétences Canada’s Canadian Skills Competition, 38 young people from across Canada have been selected and will come together to form Team Canada. Just like Olympic athletes, competitors spend countless hours training in the months leading up to the WorldSkills Competition. With the help of industry leaders and/or faculty members of secondary schools, colleges or polytechnic institutes Canadian Competitors train through practical experiences and mental conditioning towards achieving success on this world trade and technology stage.

The ultimate goal of this global event is to inspire young people to pursue a career in the trades and technology areas. It is an opportunity for Canadian youth to see trades and technologies in action. More than 150,000 students are expected to attend the event at Stampede Park in Calgary,

Alberta. Within the showcased skill categories, competitors will repair vehicles, create tiled floors, paint or decorate a home interior, create a robot, design and construct clothing, create computer slide shows, apply make-up, decorate cakes, and dozens of other projects related to each category.

It is not only about seeing first hand, but also trying a trade first hand. Besides boasting a Global Skills Village, this extraordinary event will showcase Skills City which will house the Try-ATrade® demonstrations which allow students visiting the event to test drive dozens of trades and technology career options under one roof. These demonstrations were created as an approachable

platform for students to try their hand at a trade while connecting with experts from that field. Admission to the event is free.

“It enables the best of the world’s young skilled people to motivate and inspire successive generations to see that vocational skills can lead to secure and fulfilling lives in a fast-changing competitive world.”

Says WorldSkills International President Jack Dusseldorp.

For more information, visit www.skillscanada.com or call 1 877 754 5226.

97

233 Brady Street Sudbury, Ontario, Canada, P3B 4H5

Telephone: (705) 673-8259 • Fax: (705) 673-5450 E-mail: info@canadianarrowmines.ca Website: www.canadianarrowmines.ca

The Properties Strathmore currently has more than 20 active projects across the Americas. The company's two most advanced properties, found in New Mexico, (Church Rock and Roca Honda) are currently in the midst of the mine permitting process. In Wyoming, Strathmore is presently doing the necessary preparatory work to begin the permitting process on its Sky, Gas Hills and Jeep properties. The company is also actively exploring its extensive Canadian holdings found in the Athabasca basin in Northern Saskatchewan and North Eastern Alberta and near Dieter Lake in Northern Quebec.

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111 Membertou Street, Sydney, N.S. B1S 2M9

MEMBERTOU BAND COUNCIL

Tel.: (902) 564-6466 • Toll Free: 1-800-617-6466 Fax: (902) 539-6645 • www.membertou.ca

MEMBERTOU BAND CORPORATE DIVISION 1969 Upper Water Street Purdy’s Wharf, Tower 2, Suite # 1703, Halifax, N.S. B3J 3R7

Tel.: (902) 429-5445 • Fax: (902) 429-5461

Sydney

ONIL DESCHATELETS TRUCKING LTD. 838 Hamilton @ Robson Street Vancouver, B.C., Canada V6B 6A2

4242 Highway 101W Timmins, Ontario P4N 8R8

Tel: (604) 689-8033 Fax: (604) 689-4426

Vancouver

705.268.7542 Fax: 705.267.4329

Timmins

WEMINDJI PAVING INC. PAVAGES WEMINDJI INC. Siège social 16, Beaver Road, P.O. Box 60, Wemindji (Québec) J0m 1L0

Adresse de facturation : C.P. 370, 1705, Route de l’aéroport, Amos (Québec) J9T 3A7

Tel.: (819) 978-0264 • Fax: (819) 978-0258

Wemindji / Amos

99

T

he significant mineral potential of the territory of Nunavut presents a unique opportunity for northern development.

In recent years, various exploration activities have commenced including potential gold, diamond, copper and iron ore mines. The Roche Bay iron ore project, located 60 km south of Hall Beach on the coast of the Melville Peninsula, is considered to be one of the world’s premium iron ore prospects based on its beneficial location proximal to a natural deep water harbour.

The Roche Bay iron deposits were first discovered in the 1960s and underwent extensive exploration in the 1970s and 80s. Since June 2007 the project has been managed and operated by Toronto based Advanced Explorations Inc., a mining exploration company exclusively focused on developing high quality iron ore opportunities. Shares of the company trade at the TSX Venture Exchange (AXI) and at the Frankfurt Stock Exchange (AE6). Led by an experienced management team with technical, exploration and mining expertise the company has the capabilities to rapidly advance the Roche Bay project and bring sustainable employment and prosperity to the communities of Roche Bay. Recently, AEI signed an agreement with holding company Roche Bay plc to acquire an option to earn 100% ownership of the project and all its mineral leases. Given the extreme rise in iron ore prices over the last five years, AEI has been fast tracking this project and is currently completing its NI 43-101 compliant resource report to prove up the ore reserves of the property. In the 2007 and 2008 drill campaigns over 25,000 metres were drilled as part of the Preliminary Economic Assessment (PEA) in order to determine if the mine and iron ore processing facility is feasible.

Iron Nuggets from Nunavut In the fall of 2008 Advanced Explorations added another significant advantage to the project: The proposed business model for the Roche Bay project now incorporates an iron nugget plant to produce 'pig iron' nuggets which are higher in grade (>95% iron) and sell at a price multiple to the traditional iron ore products. The company believes it can define a business plan that would support production of at least one million metric tonnes per annum of iron "nuggets" alongside a natural deep water port an important factor that differentiates Roche Bay economically from other similar projects.

The planned nugget plant operation not only presents an opportunity for prosperity and economic development for the local communities of Roche Bay. The hamlets of Hall Beach, Igloolik and Repulse Bay can also benefit from the project in their challenge of power generation. By capturing waste heat from the proposed plant operations Advanced Explorations believes it may be possible to produce enough steam-generated electrical power sufficient to supply the mine, as well as, the local communities. As a result, AEI is directing the engineering studies to consider a nugget plant design scaled to incorporate the regional community power needs. continued on page 100

100

continued from page 99 Partnership for ‘our land’ While the Roche Bay project and its progress are important to the development of the North, Advanced Explorations also enforces its vision of building true partnerships with the local communities. Nunavut means ‘our land’ in the Inuktitut language, and AEI encourages the Inuit to actively take part in the project every step of the way.

As most of the staff for the exploration camp is hired locally and trained for a variety of

duties, the strong relationship between the Inuit community and AEI is built on cultural exchange and embracing each other’s customs and traditions. For example, in 2008 Advanced Explorations sponsored the local Hunters & Trappers Association’s traditional whale hunt to feed the people of Hall Beach, Igloolik and Repulse Bay with the AEI cook participating in the following community feast. In addition, the exploration camp often provides local hunters and community members passing through the area with a meal and a warm place to stay for the night.

Several times, the team was also able to rescue community members and families who lost their way or were surprised by the harsh Arctic climate.

In the community, AEI is represented by Okalik Eegeesiak (Inuit Broadcasting Corporation, Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami) well known and respected in working with Inuit organizations and the government, as well as, Pauline Arnatsiaq, AEI’s local community representative in Igloolik.

Advanced Explorations’ Roche Bay project will create many new opportunities for the Melville Peninsula’s Inuit communities. In building real partnerships with regional stakeholders, through open communication, political and social engagement, AEI and the communities of Roche Bay create a vision to work together to achieve prosperity and development for Nunavut.

101 continued from page 7 Calvin Helin, an Aboriginal author from British Columbia, in his book Dances with Dependency, writes of the Grandview / Uuquinak’uuh Elementary School in East Vancouver as a model for under-performing schools. Located in one of the poorest neighbourhoods in Vancouver, the school has a student body that is 50 per cent Aboriginal, with the rest being from immigrant families. The reason for its success?

The new principal and her staff – not happy with the fact that their students were underperforming by provincial standards - decided at the outset to reject a model of a culturally-centred curriculum. Under a culturallycentred curriculum, the principal argued, students were conscious of being treated differently and felt like failures; they knew they were not succeeding. But by emphasizing the basics, school pride and discipline, student achievement accelerated.

Helin believes Aboriginal parents need to educate themselves more on the value of education and pass that along to their children.

This one recipe for success – others include an increase in school choice for First Nation and students of all backgrounds, including the use of school vouchers – refutes the assumption that all First Nation parents want their children to have a culturally-centred curriculum. Policy makers should leave those decisions up to families and focus on preparing indigenous people for the modern economy. injection of cultural programming into everything is not a panacea and segregates indigenous youth, while ignoring modern skills they need for life. It is also questionable whether the parents of First Nations are comfortable with what is being presented as Aboriginal culture. Many come from homes where indigenous culture and spirituality is not taught, so it would be an imposition of values. It is wiser to leave choices about cultural identity and spirituality up to individuals and families and to not impose beliefs in a public environment.

The problem arises when culture becomes the focus of the educational mission and crowds out the crucial goal of preparing our youth for life and employment.

When it comes to First Nations, the emphasis has been to focus disproportionately on culture to the detriments of core subjects. Years ago, the Aboriginal Education Directorate in Manitoba introduced several initiatives in the provincial education system. These were high on Aboriginal culture and languages, but low on core skills. In Manitoba, First Nations have a low rate of high school completion, but it is unproven that injecting cultural content will change that. continued on page 103

102

N’AMERIND (LONDON) FRIENDSHIP CENTRE 260 Colborne Street London, Ontario N6B 2S6 (519) 672-0131 • Fax: (519) 672-0717

London

CORPORATION MINIÈRE INMET DIVISION TROILUS Casier postal 8700, Chibougamau (Québec) Canada G8P 3A9 Tél.: 418.748.8160 Téléc.: 418.748.3033 ou 418.748.8340 Montréal: 514.521.8919 Télécopieur: 514.521.8376

P.O. Box 89 Eastmain (Québec) J0M 1W0

Administration: (819) 977-3080 Emergency: (819) 977-2911 • Fax: (819) 977-2332

www.inmetmining.com

Chibougamau

Eastmain

187, Main Street, Mistissini (Quebec) G0W 1C0

418.923.2223 • Fax: 418.923.2299 mathewwap@lino.com

Mistissini

103

C.P. 420, 2872, chemin Sullivan, bureau 2, Sullivan (QuĂŠbec) J0Y 2N0

819-825-8678 Fax: 819-825-8224

Sullivan continued from page 101 First Nations are not failing because they lack culture. They are failing because our system places them in segregated groups and does not expect much from them, when they possess so much potential. They are also stuck in under-performing schools with little choice over where to send their kids. It is a sad truth that many come from troubled homes, but this should not prevent them from succeeding.

Research has found that a culture of higher expectations and a common focus, along with dedicated parental involvement is what it needed for students to succeed.

Calvin Helin, an Aboriginal author from British Columbia in his book Dances with Dependency, used the example of Grandview / Uuquinak’uuh Elementary School in East Vancouver as a model for under-performing schools. Located in one of the poorest neighbourhoods in Vancouver, the school is comprised of 50 per cent Aboriginal and the rest from immigrant families. What they discovered was that students were under-performing in provincial standards. The new principal and her staff decided at the outset that they were rejecting a model of a culturally-centred curriculum as the answer. The principal argued that students are conscious of being treated differently and felt like failures. They knew they were not succeeding. Through an emphasis on the basics and school pride and discipline, student achievement accelerated.

Helin believes Aboriginal parents need to educate themselves more on the value of education and pass that along to their children.

This is one recipe for success, as is increased school choice for First Nation and students of all backgrounds, which includes ideas like school vouchers. Rather than wrongfully assume that all First Nation

parents want their children to have a culturally-centred curriculum, policy makers should leave those decisions up to families and focus on preparing indigenous people for the modern economy.

Joseph Quesnel is a policy analyst at the Frontier Centre for Public Policy who focuses on aboriginal matters among many other things.

He is from the Sudbury region of Northern Ontario, and has Metis ancestry from Quebec. He graduated from McGill University in 2001, majoring in political science and history. He specialized in Canadian and American politics, with an emphasis on constitutional law. In 2004, he completed a master of journalism degree at Carleton University in Ottawa, where he specialized in political reporting.

For two years, he covered House standing committees, as well as Senate committees. His career in journalism includes several stints at community newspapers in Northern Ontario, including Sudbury and Espanola. He also completed internships at CFRA 580 AM, a talk radio station in Ottawa and the Cable Public Affairs Channel. He writes a weekly column in the Winnipeg Sun and contributes to the Taxpayer, the flagship publication of the Canadian Taxpayers Federation.

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Consolidated Global Diamond Corp.

595 Howe Street, Suite 306, Vancouver, B.C., Canada V6C 2T5

Phone: 604.871.9916 Fax: 604.871.9926 Web: wwwckglobaldiamond.com • E-mail: info@ckglobaldiamond.com

Vancouver

Les Services de Traduction du Nord Enr. Northern Translation Services Reg’d • Service de traduction simultanée (Équipment et interprètes) / Simultaneous translation system (Equipment interpreters) • Audio visual (Projecteur et écran / Projectors and screens) • Traduction écrite / Written Translation • Location de système de son & éclairage / Sound and Light Rental • 7 jours sur 7 / 7 days a week

5, Kikinamage Mikan, CP 174, Maniwaki, Québec J9E 3B4

Tel.: 819-449-7017 • Fax: 819-449-4182 • 1-888-449-7017 stn@ireseau.com

Maniwaki

105 continued from page 9

KODIAK ENERGY, INC. Suite 460, 734 7 Ave. SW Calgary, Alberta Canada T2P 3P8

Telephone: (403) 262-8044 Fax: (403) 513-2670 Investor Relations Email: info@kodiakpetroleum.com Phone: (403) 668-7953

He notes that”although psychic reality is an integral part of our lives, sustained trauma leads to a kind of destructive impotence. But human beings are not like machines where a defective part can simply be fixed. It is important to help individuals find closure to their trauma, to pose gestures - even symbolic ones - that help repair the damage, grieve the past, stop the confrontational relationship between the submissive victim and the all-powerful aggressor and move on.” Within this overall approach, these individuals must take psychological ownership of the situation, allowing them to reappropriate their history, and this must happen at the same time as their social insertion.

MAKING SENSE OF THE ABSURD How can we talk to young people about suicide, especially young Aboriginals, and how can we prevent it when, in our society, the subject is still taboo and there is still a stigma attached to it?” Our inability to reach the young people who end their life before it is too late stems from a lack of knowledge of the consequences of the reality that these young people are living, and also of the ongoing social disapproval and taboo surrounding suicide. First and foremost, we must re-establish the trauma in our lives and raise awareness in our surroundings and among the social groups that are struggling with this reality,” states Déogratias Bagilishya. The training he offers is based on information spaces which make possible prevention interventions and on educational sites which offer tools that are pertinent to group dynamics. For example, he may use creative storytelling to talk about trauma such that individuals can reappropriate their trauma using other words and other means.

He feels that, although we have very little control over the past, we can work on the present and the future, not by using pre-fabricated solutions, but by being innovative in the face of past suffering.

SWAYING EMOTIONS AND EMPOWERING THE PEOPLE “In Canada, more than 65% of young Aboriginals are gripped by drug addition, and this high percentage is rising. Since the dawn of time, people have used various substances to change their consciousness and find a reason for their existence. All cultures have used psychoactive plants during religious or healing rituals, or to meditate.

This alteration of the consciousness is even necessary to lessen suffering or help with the grieving process. I don’t subscribe to this medical rhetoric that considers addiction as a pathos, as something irreversible, where people are the sole bearers of their pain,” explains family therapist and sociologist Amnon Jacob Suissa. continued on page 106

106

MARGARET THOMPSON CENTRE Ross River,Yukon Y0B 1S0

867.969.2722 Ross River continued from page 105 Like Déogratias Bagilishya and Serge Bouchard, in educating those who want to curb this multifaceted phenomenon of addiction, Suissa favours an overall psychosocial approach where sufferers can break the cycle of addiction. “Medicine recognizes only two individual states: the wake state and the sleep state. The in-between is suspicious. However, it is a complex phenomenon where people’s cultural paths and their ability to break free of this addiction must be considered. Above all, we must stop dealing only with the symptoms and get to the root of the problem, which is both individual and collective," he adds.

It is true that Aboriginals have a positive relationship with nature and that there are instances where healing circles, medicine wheels and sweat rooms have allowed people to regain balance in their environment, their community and their lives. Given this, we must raise the awareness and expand the knowledge of people who are in the grips of addiction.

Amnon ]. Suissa suggests setting up information sessions on the use and abuse of psychotic drugs and the cycle of addiction, beginning with the psychosocial and cultural dynamics involved, and resulting in the implementation of programmes aimed at empowering individuals and their social and family networks. “The addiction that plagues the lives of Aboriginals is, to a large extent, due to the deculturation from which they suffer, and the powerful ties they have to their community are fundamental in swaying emotions and allowing individuals to change," he adds.

One very convincing example is the community of Alkali Lake in BritishColumbia, where the entire community was alcoholic. After probing the source of the problem and avoiding treating only the symptoms, individual and community therapy programmes were put in place, resulting in a 9095% sobriety rate in the community.

There are no miracles, only a more encompassing approach which focuses first on raising awareness of the problems related to violence, addiction and suicide among young people and second, on education opportunities. These creative educational activities aim at making the individual, his community and society in general more aware, to provide psychological closure to these traumas and, as a result, gain a fairer perception of Aboriginal people’s reality.

D’K h”hUDSyd`n Wahsa Distance Education Centre Box 1118, 74 Front Street, Sioux Lookout, Ontario P8T 1B7 Phone: (807) 737-1488 Toll Free: (800) 667-3703 Fax: (807) 737-1732 Website: www.nnec.on.ca A Program of Northern Nishnawbe Education Council Head Office: Lac Seul, Ontario

VxÄxuÜtà|Çz EH lxtÜá4

Sioux Lookout

108

FREEWEST RESOURCES CANADA INC. 1155 University St. Suite 1308, Montreal PQ, H3B 3A7

Phone: 514-878-3551 • Fax: 514-878-4427

Montreal

ROMIOS GOLD RESOURCES INC. 25 Adelaide Street East Suite 1010, Toronto, Ontario M5C 3A1

416-221-4124 Toronto

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