02-15-1974

SCC discusses drinking and 24 hour parietals

by Tim Mulder

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Volume 8 6 - 1 7

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Hope College, Holland, Michigan 49423

February 1 5 , 1 9 7 4

Job-seekers cautioned

Want-ad discrimination cited

by Marcy Darin Help Wanted-employers to dispose of all "waitress," "bus boy," and "executive secretary" titles.

IN AN EFFORT t o inform advertisers, employment agencies and prospective employees of existing job discrimination legislation, the Holland Human Relations Commission is in the midst of an advertising campaign in the Holland Evening Sentinel Based on guidelines set by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission in April, 1972, the commission has placed an advertisement in the Sentinel warning the public of discriminatory advertising and hiring practices indicating a preference, limitation, specification or discrimination based on sex or age are violations of the law."

The public service advertisement also urged anyone desiring further information or suspecting personal injustice to contact H.H.R.C. headquarters at City Hall. According to H.H.R.C. member A1 Gonzalez, some " 2 0 to 25 calls" were received the first week the ad ran, but the calls have dwindled to an average of five calls per week in the last two weeks.

GONZALEZ indicated that the majority of calls were from women and the elderly, and that "most of them just wanted information." However, no caller agreed to file a formal complaint against an offending employer. "Some people don^t want to jeopardize their position or be known as a trouble-maker."

Barr to perform organ recital in Chapel on Sunday The fourth in a series of Sunday evening organ recitals will be presented by the music department Sunday at 8:30 p.m. in Dimnent Memorial Chapel.

The recital will be presented by Earl Barr, organ professor at Hamline University in St. Paul, Minn, and minister of music at the Hamline United Methodist Church.

Barr attended Ashland College, the University of Minnesota, and Ohio State University. He studied with Mabel Zehner, Edwin Arthur Kraft, Arthur Jennings, Claire Coci and Wilbur Held. In 1968 he attended the Summer Academy of Organists in Haarlem, The Netherlands.

Barr has given recitals in many states in America and has played recitals for regional and national conventions of the American Guild of Organists. Last June he gave a recital for the Summer Arts Festival in the Canterbury Cathedral, England.

The recital is open to members of the Hope community and the public free of charge.

A second explanation for the reluctance to take legal action was offered by Avery Baker of the Michigan Employment Securities Commission. "Most of the women here in Holland have gone along with the status quo and don't complain," Baker said, adding that the lack of formal complaints is "unfortunate."

REGARDING discrimination in advertising. Baker said he noticed increased listing of jobs by preference of sex. In a sampling of the "help wanted" columns of the Sentinel over a two week period in January, the H.H.R.C. discovered 59 instances of ads indicating preference based on sex.

"The media is morally responsible for informing employers about such discriminatory advertising," Baker continued. The M.E.S.C. spokesman further explained that in rare instances, the media can be restrained by legal obligations, but the usual proce-

dure is to "go after the employers first."

BAKER POINTED to sexbased discrimination as being the most frequent and difficult violation to deal with, both in advertising and in the actual hiring practice. "Male chauvinists come as blacks. Latinos, or any color," Baker said.

Baker added that the situation is worsened by the unwillingness of some women to effect change in the job market. "So many females are not 'with i t / either," he explained.

EXISTING federal legislation states that discrimination does not occur when "sex is a bona fide occupational qualification for the particular job involved." Baker indicated t h a t such exemptions are "very f e w . " A second type of exception to laws governing sex discrimination in advertising was cited by Baker continued on page 3, column 4

The Student Conduct Committee met Wednesday t o clarify for the Campus Life Board the clause in the Beran proposal concerning "the goals and purposes of Hope College."

SPECIFICALLY, the question had been raised as to whether or not consumption of alcoholic beverages in residence halls and 24 hour parietals are within the goals and purposes of this institution.

Elaine Van Liere. director of student residences, asked if the school said that drinking and 24 hour parietals were against the goals and purposes would the students still back the proposal with the same fervor?

CHAIRWOMAN OF the SCC and lecturer in classical languages Nancy Wheeler responded that the proposal is not that great of a change from the status quo without a provision allowing for liberalized drinking and parietal regulations. "It's an 'all or nothing' kind of thing, but if it's 'all' then a rider should be attached concerning the two points."

Student Paul Timmer moved that a statement be added to the proposal that "drinking and 24 hour parietals are, in principle, within the goals and purposes of Hope College."

THE MOTION was lost in a controversy over whether the committee should be responsible for determining what is and what is not a goal or purpose of Hope.

Several members of the committee agreed with Associate Professor of Mathematics John Vanlwaarden who said, "We can't determine if it is."

Associate Dean of Students Michael Gerrie stated, "It's difficult to be for the principles when we're not sure what the end result will be. Total self-government is something that we feel is consistent with the goals and purposes."

HE CONTINUED, " T h e problem arises that no assurance can be given that self-government will yield a better quality of life in the residence halls." In view of what Gerrie called "the unattractive track record" of student enforce-

ment of existing rules and the failures of the unit counsels, Gerrie said that "it [the proposal] won't pass the CLB without assurances. We don't have any basis to say students will govern their own affairs."

Beran offered the possibility to "try it out and see," and to set up complete self-government in one residence hall. He cautioned, however, that because it may not work on a one-unit basis this is not empirical evidence that selfgovernment will necessarily not work on a campus wide scale.

GERRIE responded, "Now I'm back to where I was weeks ago," and reiterated that "it won't pass without assurance that the quality of life will improve." Beran said, "The Campus Life Board review of living units' proposals is the assurance; what more can be given?"

Wheeler expressed the feeling that "a fair number of board members want guidance on the goals and purposes. They want us to be the 'bad g u y s ' - t o make a decision-and we don't want to make a decision." Gerrie expressed concern that if the SCC didn't make a decision concerning drinking and parietals, that the CLB would be forced to deal with it next fall when proposals are reviewed.

WHEELER suggested that the proposal be tried without drinking and 24 hour parietals and add them if self-governance seems to work. "That's not different from what we've got now," Gerrie responded. "Let's settle it."

Vanlwaarden moved that a rider be attached to the proposal that "the living unit must make a definitive decision on drinking and 24 hour parietals and present it in a proposal to the CLB." THE MOTION was seconded and passed with Timmer dissenting. Wheeler made a motion that passed which said that the living units must also give a rationale as to how drinking and 24 hour parietals would tend t o improve the quality of residence hall life.

Wheeler than asked if that suited everybody to which Timmer replied, "It's still too vague."

SAC to add activities

Increased utilization of DWCC sought

by Robert M. Kruse "At present, the cultural center isn't used for what we want it used for," opined Dave VanderWel, director of campus life, in an interview last Tuesday.

VANDERWEL IS not satisfied with the present utilization of the DeWitt Cultural Center. He noted that the DWCC is frequented now by only a minority of students.

The director said that three and a half years ago when the Kletz was located in the basement of Van Raalte, it served as the "focal point of the college community while this is not presently true of the cultural center."

"THROUGH THE Student Activities Committee, we are trying to do many things to increase traffic in the cultural center," VanderWel said. He intends to schedule as many activities as possible in the cultural center in an effort to expose students to what the center has to offer.

Events in the DWCC have in the past received enthusiastic response, VanderWel said, but the lack of day to day use has not satisfied him.

NEXT YEAR SAC pl^ns to use monies normally spent on a major concert for presenting coffee house-type entertainment. "We would like to provide low cost entertainment on a regular basis," VanderWel said. He believes that this will do much to increase the use by students of the cultural center.

Scheduled events this semester are a concert of contemporary jazz and modern pop music by Civo Montivclli's Astrall Dogs in the Studio Theater Monday. Also, on Feb. 28, there will be a concert in the Kletz by Munson and Val-

entine, which VanderWel calls a "Seals and Crofts-type group," MANAGER OF Saga food service Dave VanDellen also manages the day to day operations of the DWCC. VanDellen, who manages the Kletz for Saga, was placed in charge of the game room in August through a separate contract with the college.

According to VanderWel, this was done in an attempt to place less burden on SAC which received increased responsibilities from the dean of students office with the elimination of an associate dean of students last year.

HOPE HAS given little consideration to hiring a student to take

full charge of the game room. At Calvin College, a sophomore student has all management responsibilities for their game room. His duties include the hiring and direction of all personnel, as well as maintenance of facilities.

Saga food service receives 10 percent of the profits in the DWCC game room with VanDellen as director. He reported that the game room is breaking even financially. There has been more use of it this semester than last, but it has yet to realize a noticeable profit.

VANDELLEN agreed with VanderWel that the cultural cen-

ter is underused. He pointed out that one possibility for increasing traffic in the DWCC would be to move the television from the game area into the Kletz. "A T.V. was in the Kletz in Van Raalte, and it was a very popular place when specia' events were aired," VanDellen said.

Vice President for Student Affairs Robert DeYoung has also expressed concern over the situation in the cultural center.

He said that if more people used the DWCC it would foster more "interpersonal development between people" which he felt should be a primary concern.

Dave VanDellen, who manages the dally operations of the DeWitt Cultural Center, discussed the possibility of putting a television in the Kletz In order to attract more students to the cultural center.

February 15,1974

Hope College anchor

Two

Hope profs' salaries lag behind other small colleges

by Gary Gray Salaries and fringe benefits paid Hope faculty lag significantly behind those offered by the colleges with which Hope is most often compared. Hope's future faculty compensation is likely to remain at that lower rate, according to President Gordon VanWylen.

A s REPORT submitted last February to the Status Committee and the faculty by Hope's Professional Interests Committee listed total compensation (salary plus fringe benefits) for 65 colleges and universities rated as type IIA and B by the American Association of University Professors.

Hope is a type IIA school.

Senior recital to be given tonite by Cranzow, Gordon Organist Lucinda Gordon and contralto Victoria Granzow will present a senior recital today at 8:15 p.m. in Dimnent Memorial Chapel.

Gordon has studied organ for 12 years and currently with Roger Davis, associate professor of music. She will play organ works by Bach, Scheldt, Marpurg, Brahms, Alain and Langlais.

Granzow will perform works of Bach, Strauss, Brahms, Faure, Satie and Arthur Bliss. She was twice a winner of the Hope College Concerto-Aria contest, and was heard in the role of Baba from Menotti's opera "The Mediu m " in her sophomore year.

Granzow will be accompanied by senior piano major Marianne Meyers.

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The committee's summary showed Hope ranked sixty-third, its average compensation down $2800 from the average paid to full professors.

IN 1971-72 Hope paid $1000 less to its associate professors and $500 less to assistant professors than the average of colleges surveyed. That year the college managed to rise above the average only in its compensation of those ranked as instructors. Hope paid them $10,800, $200 over the mean for IIA schools.

A recent compilation of data for 1972-73 shows Hope still lagging the majority of its peers. Last year full, professors at the college were paid $2700 less than the average for the same 65 schools.

SIX HUNDRED dollars less went to associate professors and $200 less to assistant professors.

Hope's five teachers ranked as instructors received $700 more than the average.

VanWylen said he expected no substantial relief for the upper echelon teachers but did express concern for the apparent disparity between Hope and the other schools.

"I KNOW WE'RE somewhat below the average," the President observed, " b u t the seeming difference may be exaggerated by sev-

f GORDON VANWYLEN eral factors. For one," VanWylen continued, "Many schools do not promote their staffs as readily as we do. Some of the schools paying very high salaries for the highest ranked professors actually pay very few at that rank.

Amherst College offers a top salary of $24,400. Hope's best professors receive $17,100.

THE PRESIDENT added, "The difference in associate and assistant professors' salaries [between this college and the computed

average] is not nearly as great as for the full professor rank. The promotion policy of the school must be taken into account, he said.

"We must also be sensitive t o the needs of other school employees, say, mamtainence personnel who also suffer with rather low wages," VanWylen said. The President pointed t o rising operating costs and limited funds which, he said, "the college tries to manage equitably."

THE PRESIDENT also mentioned his concern for the relatively low rate of pay offered by the college to its student employees.

A tuition increase of $100 per student would bring Hope in line with tne national average ; for teacher pay. When asked if a further tuition increase seemed a tenable solution to the problem, VanWylen admitted he would "love to have that additional $200,000 to work with, but I am concerned about the number of prospective students who might then be unable to afford a Hope education."

VANWYLEN explained that it was not so much the loss of the number of students attending the college that worried him: "I don't think even at that level we would want for lack of students."

"I would just hate to see many middle-income families unable to send their children here," he said.

"There remains a certain group of students we want to make the college available t o , " VanWylen added.

WILL LOWER salaries keep good professors away from Hope?

"With the job market the way it is n o w , " the president said, "I don't see this as a big problem. There are many excellent people available."

VanWylen cited the vigorous drive now being undertaken to increase gift income, the endowment and fundraising capabilities.

"We look to these efforts to bring some relief f r o m a strained college budget," the president said.

HE NOTED recent House of Representatives' action which has brought a bill before Congress with the capability of adding nearly $80,000 to Hope's coffers. The Degree Reimbursement Bill earmarks these funds for increasing faculty pay.

VanWylen concluded, "I think we've made the right decisions from where we were when I came here." reiterating a commitment to equitable assessment of campus needs in order to distribute "our limited funds in the wisest manner."

Upholds 8-hour load

AAB okays natural science requirement The Academic Affairs Board approved the present eight-hour natural sciences requirement in part of its review of the core curriculum in a meeting Wednesday.

THE RECOMMENDATION to uphold the present science requirement at a two course, eight hour minimum was stated by the Ad Hoc Committee on the Core Requirements in Science. In their report to the AAB, the Ad Hoc Committee stated, "When the eight-hour requirement was formulated many years ago, the four credit science courses for nonscience majors were primarily content oriented."

The report continued, "In recent times scientists have taken the responsibility for teaching the societal and environmental aspects of science in addition to the scientific content. We think that eight hours still represents the minimum number of hours to attain these objectives."

THE COMMITTEE also stated that they found little or no evidence that the requirement was burdensome to the non-science students and that it is in proper balance with the other requirements for graduation.

Robert Coughenour, professor

of religion, asked if a student could possibly waive part or all of the science requirement through achievement on advanced placement tests.

BRINK SAID that all the science departments will grant advanced placement but only the chemistry department was in favor of waivering requirements if an A or B grade was achieved in three high school laboratory sciences.

COUGHENOUR finally stated, "The only question left to deal with is whether to accept or reject the eight hour, as opposed to six

hour requirement as it stands."

The motion to keep the science requirement at eight hours was passed without opposition, although Coughenour mentioned that it is extremely difficult to decide exactly how many hours is best to fulfill the requirement.

Brink stated that the humanities departments had until Mar. I to comment on, or make additions to, the objectives of the cultural heritage course requirements. He also said that examples of course offerings are required by that date with rationale for their inclusion.

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The most precious liberty and the cornerstone of all social greatness is the freedom of thought and expression. We of the Free World often deplore the Communist world's denial of this right to its peoples, yet we are also the very ones who are unwittingly undermining the hopes of freedom of thought which these peoples cherish.

THESE HOPES ARE now personified in the person of Alexander Solzhenitsyn. This single man has dared to consistently and forcefully speak out against the cruel repression of personal freedoms carried out by the governments, both past and present, of the Soviet Union.

Solzhenitsyn's latest novel. The Gulag Archipelago, is a testimony to the repression of freedom through the Soviet government's system of Siberian concentration camps of terror. In tracing a personal and historical atlas of terror, this masterpiece catalogues 31 ways of breaking the will of prisoners and 52 methods of physical torture. Its author has spent 17 years in planning The Gulag Archipelagoes a political prisoner in that archipelago of terror.

THE LURID STORY of the publication of this novel is a testimony to the continuing use of terror

by Soviet officials. Soviet police, wishing to confiscate all copies of the book's hitherto unpublished manuscript, arrested a Leningrad woman, Yelizaveta Voronyanskaya, to whom Solzhenitsyn had given a copy for safekeeping.

After brutally interrogating her around the clock for five days, the police pried out her secret and released Voronyanskaya. Terrorized and brutalized, she returned home and committed suicide. Solzhenitsyn, knowing that the secrets of his book were now compromised, authorized the publication of his book in the West.

SOLZHENITSYN has for many years been subjected to a government-sponsored campaign to vilify his name. The Soviet press has denounced him and his revealing novels as traitorous. He has been disowned in Russian literary circles. Menacing letters and threatening phone calls have continually interrupted his family and professional life.

What qualities sustain t h e courageous greatness of this writer? Solzhenitsyn himself has pointed to

the reason: his profound Christian faith. In his well-known prayer, Solzhenitsyn has employed Biblical style in saying that the purpose of his life is to " . . . shed abroad among men the refulgence of Your [i.e., God's] glory."

THIS FAITH RUNS as a deep, strong undercurrent in all Solzhenitsyn's novels, and it surfaces, clear and fresh, in key passages. A good example of Solzhenitsyn's direct statement of his faith is the conclusion of his One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich, a novel which many literary critics consider his finest.

In this book, the author has made a virtual hero of Alyosha, a Russian Baptist imprisoned for his faith.

At its conclusion, Ivan Denisovich scoffs at Alyosha's prayerful steadfastness in imprisonment, and Alyosha responds by saying, You should rejoice that you're in prison . . . As the Apostle Paul wrote, "Why all these tears?

Why are you trying to wreck my resolution? For my part, I am ready not merely to be bound but even to die for the sake of the Lord Jesus."

Such is the sustaining faith of Alexander Solzhenitsyn.

AS THIS COLUMN is being written, Solzhenitsyn is under arrest in Moscow. If he is prosecuted on trumped-up charges, the outcome will undoubtedly be the silence of imprisonment in a Siberian labor camp or a "mental hospital."

The only hope for Solzhenitsyn's freedom, and with it the freedom of millions who follow his ideals, is the concern of the Western world. Only a thunderclap of protest can force the Soviets to release Solzhenitsyn and ease its campaign of tyranny against him and thousands like him.

We of the Free World have a great responsibility in creating a greater measure of freedom in the Soviet Union. Christians have a special duty to pray and work for the justice and freedom to which Solzhenitsyn struggles. But regardless of the outcome of this crisis of freedom, we must follow in Alexander Solzhenitsyn's wake by, like him, "being ready not merely to be bound but also t o die for the sake of the Lord Jesus."

February 15,1974

Hope College anchor

Three

Solzhenitsyn defies Soviets

Russian author is expelled

H A R R I S GOLDSMITH

Goldsmith will present piano recital Feb. 28 The music department will present Harris Goldsmith in a piano recital Thursday, Feb. 28 at 8:15

Faculty recital to feature guest performers Sun. A faculty recital featuring violinist and Assistant Professor of Music Philip Greenberg and pianist Anthony Kooiker, professor of music, will be presented Sunday at 3 p.m. in Wichers Auditorium.

Greenberg and Kooiker will play Brahms' "Sonata Movement, Opus Posthumous," Mozart's "Sonata in A Major," Koechel 305, and "Sonata in G M i n o r Didone abbandonata" by Giuseppe Tartini.

The program will also include Beethoven's "Sonata in F Major, Op. 2 4 - S p r i n g " and "Csardas" by Victor Monti.

p.m. Goldsmith will perform his Beethoven recital in Dimnent Memorial Chapel.

Goldsmith is internationally known for his skill at the piano as well as his musical criticism. He is a contributing editor and chief piano critic for High Fidelity and Musical America.

Nine Hope students will be performing in the Master Class on Friday Mar. 1, with Goldsmith offering critiques o n their performances. The class will be held in Wichers Auditorium from 9:3012:00 a.m. and from 1:30-3:00 p.m. with individual performances beginning each half hour.

Registration for the Master Class will be held from 9:00-9:30 a.m. in the Nykerk Hall patio. The sessions will be held free for Hope students and at a charge of $3.00 for one session and $5.00 for the entire day for non-students.

Soviet author Alexander I. Solzhenitsyn arrived in West Germany Wednesday and is now residing at the home of fellow Nobel Prize winner Heinrich Boell, according to a United Press International release printed in The Grand Rapids Press Wednes-^ day.

SOLZHENITSYN was arrested in his Moscow apartment Tuesday evening by seven Soviet police agents in what his wife Natalya described as a "terribly rough arrest."

Solzhenitsyn had refused to comply with two Soviet summons t o appear at a state prosecutor's office. Last Friday his wife refused the first summons on the grounds that it was not properly filled out and listed no charge or cause for investigation, according to the New York Times News Service as reported in the Detroit Free Press.

ON MONDAY, Solzhenitsyn received the second himself and did not deal with technicalities but addressed broader legal situations.

"In circumstances of insurmountable general lawlessness reigning in our country for many years-and an eight year campaign of slander and persecution toward me personally-I refuse to recognize the legality of your summons and I am not going to appear for interrogation at any state institution," said the reply that he gave the official, according to the Free Press.

THE AUTHOR then invoked themes from his most recent work, The Gulag Archipelago, 1918-1956: "Before asking that citizens obey the law, learn how to obey it yourselves," he said.

"Free the innocent from detention. Punish those guilty of mass extermination and false accusers," the author declared.

Presumably responsible for his arrest. The Gulag Archipelago, 1918-1956 is an account of the terror of the Soviet secret police and the Soviet labor camps.

IN THE official state campaign against Solzhenitsyn, the Sovet media accused him of being a

Present policy explained

Area recruiting proposed

by Robert Eckert Various suggestions to improve Hope's admissions situation were discussed at Tuesday's meeting of the Committee on Admissions and Financial Aids.

TOM LABAUGH, director of admissions, commented on the possibilities of more intensified recruiting efforts among students in Holland high schools. LaBaugh reported that he believed counselors in both Holland and West Ottawa high schools were doing a sufficient job in directing potential and interested seniors toward Hope.

Consequently, LaBaugh said, money and mailings are being concentrated in areas where often "better potential" students are being found.

PROFESSOR of Political Science Dr. Renze Hoeksema, committee chairman, expressed disagreement with LaBaugh. Citing a survey which reported that the most successful recruiting in American colleges is done within a 150-mile radius of the colleges, he said, "I think we should put our assets where they'll produce the best results."

It was suggested that a selective sampling of Holland seniors be made and that they be sent information on Hope.

CONCERN WAS expressed by Associate Dean for Academic Affairs John Stewart and Associate Professor of Education Dr. Dean Bryson on the legality and ethics of obtaining the necessary information from the high schools to make such a selective sampling.

Jon Huisken, registrar, pointed out that "many area high school seniors don't realize that with aid and living at home, the cost of a Hope education is about the same as at a state school."

STEWART explained the resources available from the Office of Educational Research which could possibly aid in assisting the Admissions office. He cited the Freshman Norms Inventory which makes comparisons of Hope freshmen with freshmen of other colleges.

Hoeksema stated that "something scientific" should be able to come out of the information on the inventory in regard to where energies and monies should be concentrated.

IN RESPONSE to this, LaBaugh outlined a tentative program which he termed "quasiscientific." He described the possibility that factors of various high schools could be fed into the computer to give a "weight" of the importance of each high school with regard to recruiting.

Some of the factors he mentioned were the number of stu-

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dents who come to Hope from a given school, the quality of the school and consequently the students it turns out, and the presence of Hope alumni on the faculty.

WITH REGARD to whether or not there has been a falling off in the academic preparation of incoming students (so far as the traditional college preparatory courses are concerned), LaBaugh stated that the most common deficiency of incoming students has been in foreign languages, and that where deficiencies in course work do occur, the student is evaluated on his SAT or ACT test scores.

LaBaugh continued, "In evaluating the preparedness of freshmen we can only assume that four years of English at one high school prepares the student as well as four years of English at another high school."

traitor and suggested he leave the country. The author refused to leave the country voluntarily.

A few days before his book appeared in Paris on Dec. 28, Soviet authorities gave evidence of laying legal ground work for action against any author who permitted publication of his works abroad without going through the new Soviet Ail-Union Copyright Agency.

THE AGENCY was established in September, after Solzhenitsyn said he had decided to have Gulag published.

Natalya told newsmen that she had been unable to contact the prosecutor handling the case and did not know where her husband was being held, reported The Grand Rapids Press.

" K I L L ME quickly because I write the truth about Russian history," said Solzhenitsyn in a letter written in anticipation of his arrest and disclosed by Natalya early on Wednesday.

The letter continued, "I declare any court incompetent to judge Russian literature, each of its books and Russian authors. If such a court is caUed against me, I will not go on my own two legs. I will not respond to any questions of such a court." he said.

SOLZHENITSYN said, according to The Grand Rapids Press, that if convicted he would not work "even a half hour" in a labor camp.

Solzhenitsyn won a Nobel Prize for literature in 1970.

Freshman registration difficulties discussed

by Sally Mouw The Administrative Affairs Board Tuesday discussed freshman registration difficulties.

SOLUTIONS WERE proposed

by Associate Dean for Academic Affairs John Stewart. Students could be required to go through registration during the summer, thus giving the administration time to change class scheduling, Stewart said.

It was noted that this might pose transportation problems for many out of state students. A more feasible solution, the board decided, would be a summer registration by mail. President Van Wylen suggested that a questionnaire regarding schedule preferences be sent to all freshmen.

Baker cites stereotyping continued from page 1 and concerned advertising attempts by employers aimed at increasing the number of one sex.

"This type of action appears discriminatory," he said, "but is actually an affirmative action to balance the work force through job description."

BAKER POINTED to requests for male telephone operators as a typical example of this advertising technique.

In many instances, discrimination is inherent in the job title itself. Baker explained. "A lot of jobs in the Sentinel help wanted ads have stereotyped-titles suggesting a definite preference for one sex," Baker declared, adding that the terms "waitress" and " b u s b o y " were guilty of this violation.

"THE FEDERAL government is now encouraging that such job titles as 'food service worker' be substituted for 'bus boy,' " Baker continued.

He also explained that some job titles may mean wage discrimination. " A male 'accountant' and a female 'bookkeeper' may have the same responsibilities, but often the female is paid less due to implications in her job title," Baker concluded.

THIS WOULD ALLOW the administration enough time to arrange classes accordingly, giving each freshman a satisfactory schedule. It was agreed that preference for teacher and class was not the major issue of "freshman frustration."

President Van Wylen said, "Some freshmen are unable to get desired classes without regard to instructor or time." The board decided a request be made to the Dean for Academic Affairs' and Registrar's office that "freshman frustration" be considered in detail.

THE POSSIBILITY OF making May Term a requirement was also considered.

ADAB chairman George Ralph, associate professor of theater, said, "Certain theater courses can be taught more effectively during the May Term's three concentrated weeks than during a semester." Professor of Chemistry Donald Williams pointed out that the same might be true of Biology field courses. . He stated, "May Term is the only time during the school year that the Spring flora can be studied." Williams noted other advantages as well. "May Term would alleviate some registration frustration and benefit the five-year student," he said.

THE BOARD decided against making the term a requirement for graduation. President VanWylen commented that Hope has always required only eight full load semesters for graduation.

Adding a May Term requirement would be unfair to students. A required May Term, the board concluded would probably prompt lighter student loads during the regular semesters. May Term fees would therefore have to be increased as a compensation.

Student member Ron Posthuma's proposal for a community hour was discussed. Previously, the ADAB had thought Friday third period would be an appropriate time for the hour. This, it was noted, would cause a great schedule upset, and a tentative time for the hour was set for Thursday, third period.

THE COMMUNITY hour would allow speakers to address students and faculty without disrupting the day's schedule.

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Febmary 15,1974

Hope College anchor

Four

A student center When completed in 1971, the DeWitt Student and Cultural Center was the realization of the dreams and hard planning of many dedicated members of the Hope community.

Although construction of the building would not have been possible without the generous support from alumni, churches, and Richard and Jack DeWitt, it was students who conceived the idea for the erec-

J*

that students be given responsibility, with advice from Director of Student Life Dave VanderWel, for managing the DWCC. We support this idea for two basic reasons.

First, the students who manage gTU the cultural center would naturally CONO0V be better atuned to the needs and suggestions of fellow students. For example, in the area of entertainment students would better know what students want. Student managers would be more responsive to suggestions made by their peers. The student administrator would also receive valuable business and management experience. Perhaps the student manager could recieve credit from the business department for his work.

Second, profits accrued by the CAMfUi , game room under student management could be used for improvement and upkeep. Presently, the game room is directed by Saga food service, which receives 10 percent of the profits. Not only would this save the college money, but it makes more sense that money paid by students should be used directly for students, without an unnecessary "middle \ y © 1 9 7 4 . The man."

WASHINGTON-When it was first reAlso in order for the director of vealed that 18 and a half minutes of a campus life to be in touch with the presidential tape had been erased. Gen. A1 needs of the students he serves, we Haig said facetiously that it was possible believe he would better accomplish that some "sinister force" was at work no one could explain. that goal with his office in the cul- which THIS BECAME known as the "devil tural center, where the students are. theory" and, while it was discarded by The DeWitt Student and Cultural most people at the time, it is now being re-examined in the light of the latest Center's versatile and impressive fa- testimony by tape experts. cilities remain underused. Currently, If the tape was indeeed possessed by a students have little voice in deter- sinister force, this means that President Nixon, or his staff, is completely innocent mining how these facilities can best of destroying vital evidence. provide for the students' needs. With TO FIND OUT more about this I went to visit Dr. Karras Damien at Georgetown students managing the center, and University, who is an expert on the devil the administration making a commit- and tape recorders. ment to students by placing the di"We have had many cases of the devil possessing Sony recording machines," Dr. rector of campus life's office in the Damien said. "But this is the first time I've student center, the DWCC will begin heard of the devil getting into a Uher to fulfill the goals envisioned for it 5000."

"HOW DO YOU know it's the devil?" I 10 years ago.

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tion of a student center. And students, with the support of former President Calvin VanderWerf, raised the initial funds.

The cultural center has provided the campus with good theater, recreation for students, the Kletz, a bookstore, and an art gallery, among other offerings, all housed in one facility. The idea was that students should have a place they could call their own.

The structure has tremendous potential to help meet the cultural and social needs of the students. Nonetheless, several administrators, whose chief functions are to see that the social needs of the students are met, have stated their dissatisfaction with the lack of use by students of the center.

Suggestions have been made to hold more activities there with the hope of drawing students who normally do not frequent it. Another possibility that has been mentioned would be to move the television from the "passion p i t " into the Kletz.

Such ideas could help bring students to the DWCC, but they do not go far enough in making the building a student center. We recommend

Letters

Suggestions needed be open to discussion of the department as a whole.

In general, this will be your opportunity to tell someone what you think about the theater department. No faculty members will be present, but they will receive a summary of the discussion. We want to know the department's good points, its bad points, and what would make it better serve the students and the campus.

We firmly believe that as part of a liberal arts education every student should have the opportunity to participate in the theater program. It is important that major productions be done on a professional standard for the good of students interested in a career in theater. That isn't any different than special courses in physics for Little Season will consist of student-pro- physics majors. But there are purposes for duced theater events performed through- theater other than professional preparaout the year.) tion.

The first weekend of one acts was Through theater, students should be unfortunately poorly attended. This may able to gain a sense of personal discipline have been due to a late publicity campaign, and an ability to successfully communicate but there may have been other reasons. ideas through imaginative dialogue. Finally, Perhaps students want to see more experi- theater should provide an exciting hobby mental theater, or more conventional com- for certain students. These are some of the edies, or maybe they don't want to see goals of the "Little Season." anything at all.

The students of the theater department Whatever the reasons, we are very inter- do not want to isolate themselves from the ested in finding out what isn't right so we rest of the student body. Theater loses can adjust the program accordingly. We much of its purpose when there isn't want to gear student produced plays to the anyone to see the ideas being presented. interests of the student body.

If you are interested in aiding the In order to discover a way to improve development of a new era of student-proour relationship with the rest of the cam- duced theater, or if you have any general pus, we have scheduled an open forum for suggestions, complaints or comments about Monday, Feb. 18 in the DeWitt Cultural the theater program, please attend the Center Student Lounge from 4:30-6:00 open forum on Monday any time between p.m.

4:30 and 6:00 p.m. Theater is for everyDuring this informal discussion period, one. Won't you help us make that a reality we invite the comments of any students at Hope College? concerning the type of plays they wish to see done in the "Little Season." Also, at Bill TeWinkle the request of the theater faculty, we will Theater Department Student Representative

This letter represents the summary of some recent discussions 1 have had with a few concerned students in the theater department. The thoughts written here are not all my own, although some personal biases will undoubtedly be present.

A few weeks ago the students of the theater department, along with many other interested people, produced a weekend of one-act plays as the opening event of the department's "Little Season." (Briefly, the

surt feMdkwsvld Devil theory

asked.

"Who else would want to erase 18 and a half minutes of tape? Certainly not the President or Rose Mary Woods or anyone else associated with the Watergate investigation. The only one to gain on something like this is Satan."

"I DON'T understand why the devil would get mixed up in Watergate."

"The devil's job is to make trouble and raise doubts and plant suspicion. He knew the best way to do this was to get inside of the Uher 5000 and wipe out portions of the tape that were vital to proving the President's innocence."

"ARE YOU trying to tell me the buzz we heard on the tape was the devil?"

"I am. We know from our research when Satan is up to mischief he always buzzes for exactly eighteen and a half minutes."

Los Angeles Times Syndicate

"THEN WHY did Rose Mary Woods say she made part of the buzz?"

"She didn't know the tape recorder was possessed. She thought she had caused the buzz by putting her foot on the pedal. But the experts proved that you can't erase a tape on the Uher 5000 with your foot. It has to be done by hand. Who else but the devil would have this information" Dr. Damien said.

"WHAT CAN be done now?" 1 asked "We have to get the devil out of the machine."

"You mean exorcise it."

"Exactly. It's going to be a tough battle but it has to be done."

"HOW DO YOU exorcise the devil from a Uher 5000?"

"First you heat up water in a caldron until it is boiling. Then you throw in white papers on ITT and the milk fund and stir.

Add IRS tax returns and three strands of Howard Hughes' mustache. Throw in a dash of Magruder, a sprig of Stans and a cup of Colson.

"KEEP THE POT boiling and recite the following: "Haldeman, Erlichman, Mitchell and Dean/ "The tapes will show the Prez is clean.

"If they don't the story goes/ "The hum was made by Rose Mary's toes.

"Then," said Dr. Damien, "take the Uher 5000 and throw it in the boiling water until the recording head melts."

"AND THAT will exorcise the devil in the tape machine."

"It should," Dr. Damien replied.

"What if we go to all this trouble and it turns out Satan was not involved and that somebody in the White House had actually erased the tapes?"

"Impossible," said Dr. Damien. "The devil would never stand for it." mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm

midugan PRESS

Published during the college year except vacation, holiday and examination periods by and for the students of Hope College, Holland, Michigan, under the authority of the Student Communications Media Committee. Subscription price: $7 per year.

Printed by the Composing Room, Grand Rapids, Michigan. Member, Associated Collegiate Press, United States Student Press Association. Office located on ground floor of Graves Hall. Telephone 392-5111, Extension 2301 and 2285. The opinions on this page are not necessarily those of the student body, faculty or administration of Hope College.

Editor Paul Timmer Assistant Editor Tom O'Brien News Editor Robert M. Kruse Sports and Copy Editor Chris Liggett Editorial Assistants Marcy Darinf Peter Brown, Gary Gray Photography Editor John Beahm Layouts Robert Eckert Business Manager Gary Gray Subscription Manager Robert Eckert Cartoonist Ruth Wolting

Advertising Manager Gary Gray Columnists Paul Boddy, Chad Buskt Dave Grills, Mark McClean, Bob Van Voorst, Chris Liggett Reporters Robert Eckert, Stew Galloway, Lynn Gruenwald, Jim McFarlin, Annette Miller, Sally Mouw, Tim Mulder, Kaye Stephens, Nancy Struck, Vicki Wiegerenk Photographers Ed Baugh, Mary Campbell, Claire Eisenbise

February 15,1974

Hope College anchor

Five

Clarke's latest portrays human hopes and fears eek's review is written by bv This week's junior Roger Prindle. He reviews the latest novel by Arthur C. Clarke, Rendezvous with

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Rama.

Arthur C. Clarke is best known to the public as the author of 2001: A Space Odyssey, He is probably the best publicized and most well known science fiction writer in America and has been credited with doing more t o popularize and publicize space flight (he has written a book, First on the Moon, with the astronauts) than any other man.

GOOD SCIENCE fiction constructs alternative futures by means of reasoned extrapolation in much the same way that good literature constructs a probable past or present.

Clarke has proven he is capable of writing good science fiction through his work on 2001 and his classic Childhood's End. Both of these works made something new of the familiar, but irresistible theme: man's first encounter with another intelligent life-form.

RENDEZVOUS with Rama is set in the year 2131, the year of

the first computer sighting of object 31/439. Object 31/439 is a massive body 31 miles in diameter and estimated to weigh 10 million million tons, hurtling toward Earth's solar system. At first little attention was paid to it.

The object became more interesting as more was learned about it. Finally a research vessel was sent to investigate the strange "asteroid." The new arrival was found to be a vessel and once again, Arthur C. Clarke tackles one oi the most popular yet still

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the Endeavour" gains entrance, rne most disturbing factor is the utter sdence of Rama, the silence of a tomb. As the explorers make their way deeper into Rama they find an atmosphere with sufficient oxygen for men, and in the process destroy the thousand year leakage theory.

AS RAMA approaches the sun, two important discoveries are made aboard Rama. The ship has the capability to de-accelerate and go into orbit around the sun, and Rama is not dead. As Rama gets warmer it begins to show signs of life. As one participant in the book puts it, Rama is like a fertile themes in science fiction. cosmic egg, ready to hatch as it is WHEN COMMANDER Bill warmed by the fires of the sun.

It was at this point in the novel Norton lands his ship "Endeavthat I stopped to consider what o u r " on the newly named Rama was taking place. Shades of 20011 he fully expects to find a dead It seemed that Clarke was heading world. Rama has been traveling in a familiar direction, the discovthrough space for 2,000,000 ery of an artifact countless ages years. The giant computers on old, yet still functioning.

Luna have calculated that a self THEN JUST as quickly, anothcontained environment such as er thought; this story takes place Rama could not survive more than 130 years after 2001, perhaps a thousand years without suffithere will finally be an end to all cient leakage to destroy all life. of the speculation about 2001. I TrueV ofA all 14 A Aexpectations, V/SX V V/ L U L A V/1 1 Rama O ^ JL\ UL 1 1 D had visions of another race, sumappears lifeless when the crew of moned by man's discovery of the monolith in space: a sentient race arriving to assist the human race now that it has arrived at an advanced enough technology.

Or, perhaps, it will be a race arriving to destroy humanity before it can reach a stage where it might infringe on someone else's by abandoning oneself to the care- territory. free life, but by going into battle! . THIS IS WHAT the book is really about. It's not about the i N RUSSIAN, proverbs about exploration of Rama, but the truth are favorites. They persis- hopes and fears of humanity. The tently express the considerable, arrival of human-like beings has bitter, grim experience of the peo- simultaneously been hoped for pie, often astonishingly: One and feared, for ages. Clarke uses word of truth outweighs the science fiction as a vehicle for world. philosophic ideas, but far from

In the struggle, art wins The following is an excerpt from Alexander Solzhenitsyn's acceptance speech for winning the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1970.

We will be told: What can literature do against the pitiless onslaught of naked violence? Let us not forget that violence does not and cannot flourish by itself; it is inevitably intertwined with lying. Between them there is the closest, the most profound and natural bond: nothing screens violence except lies, and the only way lies can hold out is by violence.

WHOEVER HAS once announced violence as his method must inexorably choose lying as his principle. At birth, violence behaves openly and even proudly.

But as soon as it becomes stronger and firmly established, it senses the thinning of the air around it and cannot go on without befog-

ging itself in lies, coating itself with lying's sugary oratory.

It does not always or necessarily go straight for the gullet; usually it demands of its victims only aUegiance to the lie, only complicTOccnfwn.

A sv* * THE SIMPLE ACT of an ordinary courageous man is not to take part, not to support lies! Let that come into the world and even

Sra^^ they can vanquish

lies!

In the struggle against lies, art has always won and always will.

Conspicuously, incontestably for everyone. Lies can stand up against much in the world, but not against art.

ONCE LIES have been dispelled, the repulsive nakedness of violence will be e x p o s e d - a n d hollow violence will collapse.

That, my friends, is why 1 think we can help the world in its red-hot hour: not by the nay-saying of having no armaments, not

Urban symposium will conclude February 27 The final sessions of the Urban Symposium, whose purpose over the semester has been to explicate urban problems, will be held in 102 Graves Hall at 2:30 and 7 p.m. on Feb. 27.

The symposium was presented in three earlier sessions during the year, and has been sponsored by the psychology, sociology and political science departments.

The participants in the final symposium will include Dr. Charles J. Orlebeke, former assistant to George Romney when he was Governor of Michigan and U.S. Secretary of Housing and Urban Development. Orlebeke is now academic dean at the University of Illinois at Chicago Circle.

Other participants in the last symposium will be Dr. Robert F. DeHaan, former chairman of the Hope psychology department and now the director of the Great Lakes Colleges Association Philadelphia and Chicago Urban semesters, James L. Caplinger, city manager of Kalamazoo, and Holland Mayor Louis Hallacy II. Serving on a panel of urban "experts" to question these speakers will be former Holland mayor L. W. Lamb, Professor of Sociology W. Russell Mclntyre, Stephen Partington, professor of education. Professor of Economics and Business Administration Barrie Richardson and Phillip Van Eyl, associate professor of psychology,

of

being ponderous, Rendezvous with Rama is an exciting, readable book.

The daydream of contact with an alien race comes to life in Clarke's writing. He uses science, made lucid for the layman, to treat soberly an idea that no one really takes seriously.

CLARKE*S GIFT lies in the fact that he can take an idea such as 2001 and make it not only real, but noble. With this in mind, I continued reading fully expecting a noble uplifting ending, a metamorphis for the human race, the establishment of U t o p i a - t h e expectations of humanity finally fulfilled.

It is to Clarke's credit that this is not what he did; but then again it would not have been "good" science fiction if he had. In 2001 and Childhood's End, the author constructed such "realistic" futures that it was impossible to escape from expecting the same type of ending. The subtly ironic ending in Rendezvous with Rama is a "tour de force" that illustrates how perceptive of the human condition Arthur C. Clarke is.

Hope symphony orchestra to give concert Monday The Hope Symphony Orchestra, conducted by Philip Greenberg, will present a concert Monday at 8:15 p.m. in Dimnent Memorial Chapel.

The orchestra will perform Beethoven's "Concerto for Piano and Orchestra No. 5 in E-Flat Major," Opus 73, with Charles Aschbrenner, soloist. Der Freischutz Overture by Carl Maria von Weber will also be presented.

Includes German cities tour

Vienna program outlined

by Jennie Cunningham As the Hope Vienna Summer School enters its eighteenth year it will have some exciting new facets according t o Professor of History and Director of International Education Dr. Paul Fried, the director of the Vienna program.

AN OPTIONAL study tour lasting from June 4 to June 19, will provide an "in-depth look at what goes on in Germany," Fried said. Students will visit Bonn, Hamburg, Berlin, and Munich, and for the first time, may apply for three hours credit for the tour.

"We have made an application for funds to the German government for this particular trip," Fried said. "It may well be the first year we reduce the price rather than raise it."

IN BONN, the capital of Germany, there is the possibility of an interview with Prince Von Bismarck, a leading politician of West Germany. The German Ministry of Education will be visited as well as the University of Bonn, From there, the trip will procede to Hamburg which is "the most culturally alive German city," according to Fried. The social services of the city will be examined in depth. A possibility of an excursion by steamer which would start in Bonn and go down

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the Elbe River to the North Sea is also being considered.

"IN BERLIN, the conflict between the communist portion and capitalist portion of the world is very evident," Fried said. Students will cross the Berlin Wall for a day's excursion into East Germany. The Free University of Berlin which according to Fried "is the most student-managed university in the world" will also be visited. "We may be there in time for the International Film Festival," Fried said.

Participants in the Vienna program will see the center for Radio-Free Europe and the Olympic City in Munich. It is the most modern city in Germany, but also the most expensive to live in.

THE SIX WEEK summer school program in Vienna will remain basically the same as in previous years although there will be some minor changes. From June 19 to June 24, an orientation seminar will be held for the first time. The city of Vienna has agreed to give support to a three day tour of the city during the seminar.

Summer school will begin early enough for students to enjoy eleven days of the city's "musical season." There will be a weekend excursion to Salzburg for the music festival which according to Fried is "the main musical event

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in Europe." For a weekend in July, students will visit Budapest, Hungary.

A NEW COURSE discussing the economics of Austria with a European perspective will be offered. The school currently offers courses in the art, English, history, music and sociology disciplines.

This summer, "we'll get more for our money," Fried reported.

This is due to the current decline of European currency and the increased stability of the dollar.

Bruce McComb's art work merits wide recognition Bruce McCombs, assistant professor of art, recently had an etching entitled "Mainstreet" selected by the Philadelphia Museum of Art for inclusion in their permanent collection.

McCombs also received a purchase award in the Annual Exhibition of Watercolors and Graphics held at the Anderson Indiana F\ne Arts Center. In addition, he had work exhibited in "Drawing 74" held at Wheaton College, Norton, Mass., and in "Images on Paper" sponsored by the Springfield Art Association.

mL.HB BBTTBR HURRY UP! PONT ITS ALMOST lOORW. I TIME FOR. HIM ALRBAPV TO 60 ON., SBNTBOS / toeer HIM.

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February 15,1974

Hope College anchor

Six

Toevs presents paper at Chicago meeting Dr. James W. Toevs, associate professor of physics, recently presented a paper at the Nuclear Instrumentation Session of the

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annual meeting of the American Physical Society in Chicago.

The paper, entitled "A Large Gamma-Ray Spectrometer for the Investigation of Astrophysical Radiative-Capture Reactions," described a system constructed at Hope to detect gamma-rays from nuclear reactions produced by the college's 2.5 million volt accelerator.

Student Larry Smith was coauthor of the paper.

Station HELD OVER 2ND WEEK...

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"THE WAY WE WERE"

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Nay to Parliament,

by Chad Busk the Civil War he suspended the right of habeas corpus, declared martial law and had telegrams and letters opened in the search for Confederate spies.

IF THESE unpopular - but essential - acts had been subject to the public verdict and with them the fate of President Lincoln, who would have saved the Union? (General Grant probably would not have sufficed.)

These examples from history indicate the foolishness of removing a chief executive whenever he does something that engenders public disapproval. The truth is that unpopular presidential acts are sometimes greatly obscured by other executive actions that have won enough public acclaim to warrant the lasting respect of a nation for her president.

IN THIS LIGHT, President Nixon's disrepute in the public eye is not unique. For all his wallowing in Watergate and related incidents, there is the possibility that the House will refuse to vote impeachment, or if they do the Senate might find the President innocent of wrongdoing.

President Nixon could still occupy a place of some distinction in American history. Of course, this could not be said had President Nixon been expelled under a parliamentary system.

One of the more interesting remedies to the crippled leadership of Richard Nixon has nothing to do with impeachment or resignation. It is nothing less than a brand new system of government for the United States, a parliamentary democracy modeled after Great Britain.

ADVOCATES OF this structure of government are quick to point out that prime ministers, unlike presidents, must constantly be blessed with majority public support or find themselves evicted from No. 10 Downing Street.

Thus, under a parliamentary system President Nixon would have left us long ago, ousted by the compulsive public voice of "Kick the rascal out!"

OF COURSE, there are other aspects of a parliamentary system, but since one hears only about the virtues of the immediate affect of public opinion of the government, we shall examine the implications of this feature if it were incorporated in America today.

The point of controversy then surrounds the wisdom of jettisoning our chief executive anytime a Gallup poll (or the equivalent) reveals that less than 51 percent of the people "feel the President is doing a good j o b . " IF WE APPLY this criteria of public opinion to the fate of past presidents, we can draw some interesting conclusions. First, Richard Nixon would have been expelled in May of 1970 after he decided to invade Communist sanctuaries in Cambodia that threatened American lives in South Vietnam.

If you'll remember, public opinion was running against the Cambodia invasion; most everyone was convinced that Nixon was widening the war and extending the day when the last American soldier and P.O.W. would leave Vietnam. Subsequent events, however, indicated that Americans got hot and bothered for nothing.

NIXON WENT on to get us out of the Vietnam quagmire. Yet, under a parliamentary system with the public pulse beating against the President on the Cambodia operation, Nixon would have been discharged .

Second, Franklin Roosevelt is regarded as one of America's greatest chief executives. However, for a time after he tried to enlarge the size of the Supreme Court with judges sympathetic to New Deal legislation, he temporarily lost popularity.

IF F.D.R. would have been removed at this critical time because of a momentary loss of public confidence, who would have brought us out of the depression and guided us successfully through World War II? Third, Abraham Lincoln has the honor of being the President who preserved the Union. Yet, during

THERE WOULD have been no orderly Congressional investigations to expose political corruption to the people; no judicial proceedings to discover the facts determining Presidential guilt or innocence; no due process of law, but rather a Chief Executive smitten by the public shaft.

Fortunately, in the United States volatile movements in the barometer of public opinion have little immediate impact on the government. For this we can thank the Founding Fathers, who decided to write a Constitution of republicanism and the separation of powers rather than a unitary, parliamentary system.

THEREFORE, federal elections are spaced at two, four and six year intervals instead of occurring when there is an ambiguous "loss of confidence" in the chief executive and his party. These different election intervals in our country allow political passions to cool and moderate before the will of the people is translated into the election of the people's representatives.

Watergate might eventually be judged sufficient cause to remove the President. However, in no way can it justify the junking of a republican government wherein power is divided and shared in favor of a parliamentary system where public opinion reigns supreme. Those who disagree with this assessment would, in that touching phrase, be as quick to throw out the baby with the bath water.

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February 15,1974

Hope College anchor

Seven

The death of the American university This week's essay is written by Dr. David H. Freeman, chairman of the philosophy department at the University of Rhode Island. The essay appeared in the November, 1973 issue of The Reformed Journal under the title The Death of the University and is reprinted by permission of the publisher.

The traditional university is dead. The signs of illness, at Columbia, Berkeley, and Kent State, were symptoms of a fatal disease. This article is the partial report of the results of the autopsy.

THE DISSECTION disclosed that the deceased had enjoyed a long life. She was born in Athens, fathered by Socrates. The Academy of Plato, the Lyceum of Aristotle, the cloisters of Oxford and Cambridge, the halls of the Sorbonne, the ivy-covered walls of Harvard, Yale, and Princeton were her dwelling place.

The university was a community made up of scholars-students and teachers united in a single purpose: to discover and communicate new and old truths about whatever could be known to man.

HERE the conflicts, the battles, were verbal; the weapons ideas; the territory to be conquered ignorance; the prize to be gained knowledge and wisdom, or some new insight to be enjoyed and shared by everyone capable of scaling the ivory tower.

An incision revealed that her vital signs had once functioned properly. Behind the surface, at her heart, professors had studies, done research to learn, were themselves students. They taught each other and shared what they knew with younger students, who were also scholars.

THE PROFESSORS were like an older brother or father to grateful offspring. They posed no immediate, visible threat to others. In general, professors were respected. At least, they were tolerated, o f t e n with amusement, by the nonuniversity community.

At times there was some friction between town and gown, but the conflict was usually minor and the calm of the academy generally prevailed.

THE UNIVERSITY died of multiple causes, partly external, but primarily of self-inflicted wounds. The external causes of death came in seductive forms.

Large sums of money, given by government and industry, enabled her to expand her favors to meet the immediate needs and goals of her seeming benefactors.

One of her vital organs, the hitherto unnoticed professor, now functioned promiscuously before the public eye. The professor's efforts were directed to the satisfaction of the interest of the customer, of both the government and industry.

HIS SERVICES were often performed off the campus, in the marketplace. His advice and skills were sought in the political arena.

Although not yet the philosopher-king, the professor became the advisor to the king, the secret envoy of Presidents, supplanting Secretaries of State and cabinet members.

The university as an institution prospered financially, and individual professors began to enjoy the affluence of other professionals.

They now realized how poorly they had been paid and that their services were marketable commodities.

HITHER AND YON scurried a new professorial breed, consulting for a fee, contracting t o do research for a grant, authoring best sellers, and basking in the glory reserved for celebrities.

An academic mutation occurred: an activist professor was born. No longer confined t o the campus, mobile for all to see, affluent for all to envy, innovative, feared by those who fear change, controversial, subjected to public scorn and ridicule, the new professor emerged.

THOSE OF HIS colleagues who still clung t o traditional goals, o f t e n fearing outside pres-

sures and influence and envious of such public success, greeted the new breed with some apprehension.

Since he was usually one of their own, however, protected by tenure, there was little that could be done to exclude him. However, many a sigh of relief could be heard when the newborn star ceased to shine on campus and radiated his light solely in Washington.

A LOOK AT the cadaver disclosed that the university had in part been killed by her own success. Public acclaim by government and recognition by industry led to an increased demand that taxed her strength beyond endurance.

The public had been led to have great expectations, to believe that the university had the solution to every social disease. She held the key to war and peace, to racial harmony, to the problems of the cities, to crime, housing, and overpopulation.

WHEN IN trouble the people looked unto the university. They cried out for more education.

Twelve years was not enough. The university became a new source of hope. Feeding on her manna would provide future wealth.

And so parents made sacrifices, taxpayers paid their taxes, often willingly approving large public bond issues, legislators and governors made and kept promises to support education at all levels.

Never before had universities enjoyed such success.

THE PUBLIC clamor for bachelor's degrees increased to a trumpet sound for master's degrees and doctorates. The walls of the academy crumbled and resistance collapsed. Universities admitted nearly everyone. Their size increased, putting pressure on state and federal treasuries and parental and student pocketbooks.

Between the times when American universities first granted the Ph.D. degree and the year 1971, they awarded 340,000 Ph.D. degrees, half of them between 1961-71. And the next ten years is expected to yield another crop of 340,000 Ph.D.s.

FURTHER dissection disclosed that the collapse and resultant death of the university was facilitated by the already fatal, internal condition of the p a t i e n t - t h e university's loss of a sense of mission.

She no longer' had the single, unique goal of acquiring wisdom and knowledge to direct her efforts.

The original desire to satisfy man's desire to know simply because he wished to know, to gain knowledge for its own sake, had become mixed with another element, not wholly foreign but alien, nevertheless; knowledge was sought for its practical results.

THE MERE gathering of data became confused with wisdom.

The important was no longer distinguished from the trivial. Course after course multiplied. Departments grew. Empires were established.

The relation between specialties was no longer considered; the attempt to gain a unified system of knowledge was abandoned, and the relative value of each segment of knowledge was no longer integrated into a unified whole.

TRADITIONAL universities had been held together by a common set of beliefs and values: by belief in a transcendent moral order, or a belief in God, whose glorification was man's chief end, or by a belief in man, in his dignity and progress.

But the search for wisdom had been replaced by the accumulation of facts. Wisdom was no longer loved and sought for its own sake. Instead facts were collected because they could be put to use. ^ THE TRADITIONAL professor was rightfully thought of as being absent-minded, but he was never absent-minded because he could not concentrate; on the contrary, his absent-mindedness was the very sign of his concentration powers.

All thoughts of his immediate surroundings were absent from his mind, because he was devoted exclusively, and with tremendous concentration, on that area of knowledge which he claimed as his discipline.

THE PROFESSOR was aware that his theoretical discoveries might have practical consequences, but practical results were not his primary concern.

Traditional education, with its concern for the whole person, was gradually replaced by vocational training. Instead of concentrating on developing a person, educated in wisdom, and, therefore, capable of making sound judgments in many fields, the university now concentrated on meeting the "practical" needs of each student.

UNFORTUNATELY, student needs were frequently identified with student interests, and what was thought to be practical later proved four years hence utterly useless.

The constant demand for relevance produced constant change and created ever greater frustrations on the part of students and faculty.

IN THE PAST the professor's concern with his discipline did not exclude fitting what he had learned into an integrated pattern of knowledge. Assigning each part of what is known its relative position, seeing it in its proper perspective, learning to value it properly-all these require wisdom.

Wisdom is a kind of understanding, an insight into relative value, knowing the way each part fits into a unified whole.

WHEN the university gave up her search for wisdom, she lost her purpose in life, and became the easy victim of fatal onslaughts from without and within. Her resistance was lowered t o the point that she caught every illness that had hitherto only lurked on her periphery.

She first fell victim to marketitis. The university ceased to be a community of scholars and modeled herself after the open market, a society of fact peddlers and pushers and buyers.

THE YOUNG coming to her were regarded as consumers; the professors became salesmen. Frequently, market surveys (often called student evaluations) were taken to measure the salesman's effectiveness in pleasing the customer, in selling his product.

Those not directly engaged in selling, disguised as teaching, worked for other agencies and called it research. They lost contact with all but a few students, selling their "facts" to whoever awarded the largest grant.

THIS NEW consumer orientation required that the university now add to her "students" and "professors" another function.

There now arose a large class of managers, whose function was to administrate the increasing complex activities of what was once a simple community of scholars.

There sprang forth chancellors, assistant chancellors, presidents, vice presidents for academic affairs, assistant vice presidents for student affairs, vice presidents for financial affairs, deans, assistant deans, registrars, assistant registrars, directors of health services, assistant directors, directors of counseling centers, counselors, directors of publicity, publicity agents, directors of student employment, assistants to the directors of student employment, on and on it goes, until at last the optimum level, the dream of every bureaucrat if fulfilled, when there will be more administrators than those to be administrated.

ABOVE the administrators there arose a mushroom cloud of super-administrators. Boards of trustees, departments of education, boards of regents, commissioners of education, set up shop to administrate the administrators, who in turn managed the faculty, who in turn now guide the student on his shopping spree of disconnected courses.

The mere accumulation of credits resulted in the granting of prepackaged degrees, doled out

once or twice a year with the implied promise that they would insure instant success when mixed in the job market. And, for a while, the newly acquired degrees seemed to be sought after by employers. Everyone was satisfied.

AT PRESENT, however, there seems to be some uncertainty as to whether the mere possession of a degree will insure its recipient any position other than a place on the welfare rolls.

Thus, our surgical knife revealed that the cadaver had suffered a long series of miscarriages, and instead of giving birth to "educated" mature offspring, she had aborted frequently and delivered premature fetuses incapable

NONNEGOTIABLE student demands of the impossible were met; student power replaced respect for the erudition of the faculty; demonstrations replaced concentration. Study became a thing of the past.

Standards were lowered; term papers and theses were advertised in school newspapers, provided by cheating centers that sold them for a fee. An intimidated faculty and administration often yielded to whatever the students demanded, including an almost equal voice in administration and in curricular affairs.

COMPULSORY courses all but disappeared and, in some cases, grading vanished. Admission standards were lowered or abolished.

The university died of multiple causes, partly external primarily

of self-inflicted

of survival upon leaving the security of the womb.

THE pathologists' report indicated further that when she abandoned her vital function, the pursuit of knowledge and wisdom, she had engaged in innumerable activities detrimental to her health.

For some time she had provided entertainment for her clientele; usually, however, it had been limited to semi-professional sports, theater, and concerts. In the recent past she undertook to manage what appeared to many to be semi-brothels, open dormitories equipped with restaurant services.

SHE O F F E R E D free treatment for diseases contacted, as well as abortion referrals. This expansion lost her much financial support from her public, and threatened at times to curtail her high standard of living, although she still managed to support herself in a style far more luxurious than that of her frugal, scholarly days.

Our autopsy disclosed that before she died the deceased suffered from politicalitis.

Having abandoned her original purpose, the acquisition of wisdom and knowledge, what was once an academic community now became a collection of individual professors and students with multiple aims.

AN ARTICULATE minority now sought to use the university to reach political goals. Since a university education was no longer an end in itself, it now became an instrument, a means to something else, an instrument by which immediate social and political goals were to be achieved.

The accumulation of knowledge and wisdom when pursued for their own sake had always resulted in change. An understanding of the nature of justice often led to political reform; the study of biological science often led to improvements in medical arts.

HOWEVER, the primary aim had been to expand man's theoretical understanding. Changes in the political and social spheres had been incidental. To many they now became paramount.

Universities became the centers of political controversy, centers of protest against this and for that.

Professors and students organized political demonstrations, often backing unpopular causes, sometimes demanding the overthrow of the very society that supported them.

WHEN persuasion and argumentation failed, coercion, intimidation, threats of violence, and acts of terrorism broke out. Respect for authority vanished.

Where reasoh had prevailed, howling mobs of former students shouted obscenties at the police, often getting what their leaders desired-overreaction, resulting in the brutality they sought to provoke, leading t o the further radicalization of the hitherto uncommitted.

but wounds.

Education was no longer a right that imposed an obligation to learn; it became a pastime, a game that everyone could play.

The protesters and counterprotesters were rarely, if ever, a majority, but the change left its scars. Popular support of education weakened.

ALUMNI giving fell, state legislators and governors slashed budgets, o f t e n driving faculties into labor unions whereupon, as employees, they voluntarily relinquished their status as respected professionals for a bowl of public porridge. Classrooms often became political indoctrination centers.

Academic freedom, the freedom to pursue and disseminate knowledge within a discipline, degenerated into the license to talk about anything and everything that suits the whims of the professors and students.

IN THE NAME of academic freedom professors no longer taught their subject, but promoted their own opinions in fields where they had little or no competence.

Serious students were denied their freedom to learn what the course description described. Instead they were subjected to the whimsical whims of a winsome popularity seeking political propagandist.

STUDENT disdain for the values of their society often resulted in the adoption of reactionary hair styles and clothing fads.

In the name of the new, men again wore beards and long hair.

Old and often dirty clothes were sold at premium prices so that a new uniform could be worn.

By strikes and threats of strikes the university lost her professional status and the public confidence.

This drove our patient out of her mind. The public had expected education to save our society; education contributed to its problems instead.

BEFORE SHE died her mental illness displayed many symptoms.

She displayed illusions of grandeur, when she had in fact become mediocre; she spent huge sums of money lavishly on building after building, even though she already owned many buildings which were used only part of the year, for a part of the week.

She frequently became violent, even bombing and burning her own property, but her most severe display of madness was that she no longer knew who or what she was, a complete loss of purpose and self-identity. She suffered violently towards the end.

IT WAS really a mercy when she finally passed away. We could not determine from our autopsy the exact time of death. Some of our examiners felt that she had been dead a very long time.

In any case, I shall mourn her passing, since during the last twenty years I had grown quite fond of her. Her properties have been sold t o a new tenant. Only time will tell if the new resident will be able to live in the old surroundings.

February 15,1974

Hope College anchor

Eight

Dutch slide, drop close games to Alma, Kalamazoo

by Jim McFarlin Teams around the M1AA have been stalling more than Cadillacs on Sunday lately, and there is more pressing going on than at Dykstra's door at closing. Together, these strategies led to double downfall for Hope cagers last week, 80-59 to Alma Saturday night, and 68-66 against Kalamazoo in overtime Wednesday.

BOTH GAMES were played in the Civic Center. "Our problem all year has been losing the ball too often against the opposing team's press," Coach Russ DeVette commented after the Alma frustration. "It happened Saturday night again. Their one big flurry after the half killed us," he declared.

Hope took their last lead with 3:25 to go in the first half on Jim Hovinga's basket, the ball-hawking Scots then went to work, taking a 35-30 halftime advantage.

THEN CAME the flurry.

Tough full-court pressure by Alma resulted in three straight turnovers by the Dutch, all resulting in opposition goals. The Scots went on to outscore the home team 19-6 in the first minutes of that half, taking a 54-36 edge which

they never relinquished. Five Alma players hit double figures in the contest, forward Jim Bernhart leading the way with 17.

After the game, DeVette offered guarded praise for highflying Alma star Willie Dawkins.

"Dawkins is a good ballplayer," he said. "He's a very good ballplayer: a good leaper and a good shooter. His presence makes them able to do a lot of things they were not able to do before."

DAWKINS4 the MIAA's second leading scorer was held to 14 points in the Civic Center, five points below his per-game average.

"In general teams in the league are pressing more this year; Albion and Adrian press. Olivet did and Kalamazoo uses a half-court zone press " stated DeVette. Also, teams are having more low-scoring games.

"SATURDAY Kalamazoo beat Alma, 54-53, playing a deliberate style offensively and making the other team play their game," DeVette explained. "They [Kazoo] are usually one of the lowest scoring teams and one of the best defensively. It doesn't show that much this year because in general teams are slowing down," he said.

Armed with this information, and knowing basically what to expect, the Dutchmen took on the .500 Hornets. The see-saw game was marred with needless fouls (Hope forward Mike Riksen copped two technicals by himself, center Willie Cunningham fouled out).

NEITHER TEAM had more than a five-point lead throughout the contest, and Hope's attempt at a three-point lead at halftime was thwarted when the ball was slapped out of Brian Vriesman's hands and passed downcourt to Kazoo's Ruben Billings, who scored easily from underneath: 32-31 Hope.

In the first 10 minutes of the second half a scant 14 points were scored in t o t a l - 1 0 of them belonging to the Hornets. Riksen entered the game, and along with Cunningham brought the Dutch back to within a point, 43-42, with 8:12 to play.

Wrestlers win two during weekend bouts Hope grapplers took on four opponents over the space of a weekend, and emerged with a 2-1-1 record for their efforts.

Friday, the team tied Saginaw Valley, 24-24; in a full day's work on Saturday, the Dutchmen beat Manchester College 21-18, pounded Kalamazoo 39-9, and lost to a rough Taylor squad 31-13.

During the stretch, Hope's Tom Barkes (134) won four of four matches. Dave Kieffer (134) was 2-1, Kirby Howard (150) 3-1, Tim Mamroe (190) 2-1, and heavyweight Tom Richards won all three of his matches, two of the decisions coming on pins.

The team, decimated by the flu, was travelling to Kalamazoo to face the Hornets at press time.

KAZOO KEPT flirting with a five-point victory, but when Vriesman cut the margin back to two at 52-50, the Hornets broke out their four-corner stall.

The Dutchmen reclaimed the ball and missed a pair of layups thai would have tied the game.

HOPE'S Bob Klomparens finally tied the game on a layup after an errant pass, and had a slim chance to pull the game out, getting the ball with one second left in regulation time. The inbounds pass was tapped out of bounds, and the third cliffhanger in four home games became a reality.

Fouls dominated the extra period as well. With a one-point lead and time running out, the stall was almost mandatory for Kalamazoo. Hovinga fouled Hornet guard Duane Garner who canned two foul shots; junior center Mark

101 ALMATIANS!-Or so it seemed in last Saturday^ frustrating effort against the Scots. Alma triumphed 80-59.

Jackson converted a three point play.

HOPE FORWARD Jerry Root hit from outcourt, and fouled Garner again. This time he missed with seven seconds to play. Jack Klunder tried the last shot from forty feet with no time left, and the miracle finish failed to materialize again.

Billings' shooting over Vriesman outside and getting good offensive position underneath, enabled him to score 13 points in the first half, leading all scorers with 20 for the affair.

The season Dutch Adrian

Lacrosse

The Ministry of Christ's People has announced a series of supper seminars concerned with the area of sexuality and the Christian.

Some of the speakers will be Dr. Darrel Franken, who will speak on homosexuality on Feb. 28, Dr. Robert Brown, associate professor of psychology, who will discuss "Sex and Love" on March 7, and Rev. Ronald Beyer who will talk about "Sex in Marriage" on March 14.

The conference room will be opened at 5 p.m. for students attending the seminar.

How about a Burger King

by Chris Liggett

A year and a half old dream has come true for Bob Klein in the realization of a lacrosse team at Hope. The equipment came in this week to outfit 20 members of the team, and along with the equipment, more good news. Two teams have confirmed dates for games with Hope.

THE BIGGEST barrier to the formation of the team was funding. Seeing that the team is currently being set up as a club, the school could not allocate money to help in the purchasing of equipment. The reason for this is that the sport is not currently a part of the MIAA sports program, and thus the money is not available.

To get around this problem, Klein, along with others interested in the formation of the team, set out to raise the money on their own. The money is to be used to pay for the new equipment, officials at home games, and traveling expenses. Members of the team have been selling light bulbs to help in the funding. A'ong with this. President VanWylen has been helping the team in the raising of funds.

THE GAME IS probably more familiar to those from the east who have had some contact with it.

Generally it is played much like hockey. The team consists of 10 players: one goalie, three defensemen, three midfielders, and three attack men. The game is played on a field about the size of a football field.

The object of the game is to put a rubber ball about the size of a tennis ball into a six by six net.

All players are required to wear helmets, gloves, and elbow pads. Other pads are optional, and a cage is attached to the helmet to protect the face. The ball is carried in a stick with a piece of netting on the end. The length of the stick depends on the position being played, as the goalie's stick is much bigger than the other players'.

HOPEFULLY THE TEAM will be able to use the soccer field for their games. The location is ideal, with the stands already erected. One problem that was not evident to the team was finding a coach.

Klein, who played lacrosse in high school, is going to act as the player-coach.

"I realize that this is a self-appointment, but I have been promoting this project all the way through, and I feel that I can handle the coaching duties." The one thing that Klein is concerned with is that being coached by a peer, the respect due a coach might be missing, but hopefully this will not happen.

THIS SUNDAY, the Midwest Lacrosse Association vnW hold its winter organizational meeting to set up games and arrange officials for these events.

Due to the gas shortage, whoever goes to represent Hope will have to spend three days at the meeting.

last home game of the is Wednesday night as the take on the upset-minded Bulldogs at 8 p.m..

MOCP to hold supper seminars

The meeting is being held at Ohio Wesleyan, and the representatives will not be able to drive on Sunday.

So far, the lacrosse players have two confirmed dates, and two tentative ones. Albion and U of M have not confirmed a playing date, but will hopefully do so in the near future. On March 16, Hope will play Hillsdale at their home field, and on April 30 Notre Dame will visit the Tulip City to once more battle the Protestants.

LACROSSE IS a rough sport, and very popular as a spring sport for soccer and football enthusiasts.

Members of the team would like to see the sport take the same road as the soccer team did a few years ago. So don't be surprised to see a new MIAA sport in the next few years. Lacrosse is here to stay!

And the Flying Dutchmen hoopsters in the short period of four days showed the home crowd the many facets of the game of basketball. For when they played well, they played very, very well, and when they played bad, they were awful. Saturday night, Hope entertained Alma, in more ways than just being the home team.

THIS HAD TO BE one of the most frustrating weeks in coach Russ DeVette's career. After watching the team play a spectacular game against Calvin, the team worked hard in preparation for Alma. In the game, the plays that the team had worked on ran smoothly, but an unmountable mogul the team ran into was the inability to place the large, round object into the steel ring with the net attached.

People in the crowd, playing backseat quarterback, felt that a timeout should have been called, but here 1 have to agree with the way that DeVette handled the game. Substitutions were made, and the plays were working, so what can be done to make that magic basket.

THE MAJORITY of this year's team will be back next year with another year's experience. A vast improvement in the overall record will be seen in the next few years, and don't be surprised to feel a little happier after the Calvin game next year; we won't make it a baker's dozen.

Don't forget the I.M. swim meet tomorrow at 9:00 a.m. The meet will be held at the Holland Community Pool.

The Superstars are coming.

Yumbo tonight after the SAC movie? it's a generous portion of hot ham served with two slices of melted cheese on a sesame seed bun.

AND YOU CAN HAVE IT YOUR WAY...!

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