10-05-1970

Hearings to begin on curriculum reform

OPE COLLEGE

anc or

OLLAND, MICHIGAN

83rd Aiiiiiversary-4

i

Hope College, Holland, Mich. 4 9 4 2 3

October 5, 1970

Will open new series

Kelsey to preach next Sun. Dr. George I). Kelsey, a prominen! black theologian, a u t h o r and e d u c a t o r and the first speaker in the newly initiated chapel convocation series, will participate in Student Church worship, visit classes and give a lecture while on campus Oct. 1 I and I 2.

The program which Kelsey to Hope originated in the Religious Life C o m m i t t e e • last year, when for the first time in 51 years, compulsory a t t e n d a n c e at daily chapel services was abolished. To replace the required services, the RLC formulated the convocation series.

Kelsey will preach the sermon, " F a i t h Amidst C o n f u s i o n " in the S t u d e n t Church at I I a.m. Oct. I I . He will deliver an address entitled "A Christian A p p r o a c h to Human Rights" Oct. 12 in Winants A u d i t o r i u m at 8 p.m.

A native of Columbus, Ga., K e l s e y a t t e n d e d Morehouse College in Atlanta, Andover Newton Theological School and Yale University, where he received his Ph.D. degree. He began his teaching career at Morehouse College, where the late Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., was one of his students.

King once stated that Kelsey had had a t r e m e n d o u s influence upon the shaping of his life.

DR. G E O R G E KELSEY

Kelsey has written a book entitled Racism and the Christian Understanding of Man, and has

c o n t r i b u t e d articles to various religious and academic journals.

He is presently professor of Christian ethics in the Theological and Graduate Schools of Drew University, Madison, N.J. I he RLC is planning a total ol three convocation programs this semester, none of which is required for Hope students. In the planning stages for next semester is a possible Religious Emphasis Week.

Hearings on a m a m m o t h curriculum reform proposal are scheduled t o begin t o m o r r o w at 4 p.m. in Wichers Auditorium.

THE TOPIC OF the first open hearing is the proposal's first portion, "Philosophic Statements and Curriculum Objectives."

The second hearing, to be held Thursday in Wichers Auditorium at 4 p.m., is "A Proposal Course, i n t r o d u c t i o n to Liberal Studies.' " The hearings will center around a 19-page report written last year by an ad hoc c o m m i t t e e to revise the general college requirements.

John Stewart. Associate Dean for Academic Affairs and chairman of the c o m m i t t e e , called the r e p o r t , "possibly one of the biggest proposed changes in 50 years."

AFTER LISTENING to students, faculty and administrative opinion during the four sessions, the ad hoc c o m m i t t e e will reconvene to sift through the testimony and draw u p a final report. The final d o c u m e n t will be presented to the Academic Affairs Board for action.

The reason for the hearings, Stewart said, is to gather c a m p u s

opinion regarding the "working r e p o r t . " T h e report will be reworded or reworked a f t e r the hearings, although "the thinking behind the proposal will not change a l o t , " Stewart said.

THE R E P O R T CALLS for massive revision of college requirements and the option for students to graduate through completion of a " c o n t r a c t degree" program.

Three courses would be required in each of four divisional areas.

The only single class requirement for all students would be a new course, not directly related to any d e p a r t m e n t , titled " I n t r o d u c t i o n to Liberal Studies."

Under the contract degree concept, a student may choose t o " c o n t r a c t " for his degree with a c o m m i t t e e of faculty members, who act on behalf of the entire faculty. If he fulfills the terms of the contract, which might involve study abroad, independent s t u d y , work-study or classroom experience, he is awarded his degree.

Copies of the proposal are on reserve in Van Zoeren Library and are available from every faculty member and administrator.

Thought and recreation

Church to sponsor retreat

by Mary Fleming Fun and serious thinking will be combined in the Geneva Retreat this weekend, Oct. 9-11.

Sponsored by the Student Church, the retreat will center around the theme of " F r e e d o m and Responsibility."

DR. A R T H U R J E N T Z , professor of philosophy, will deliver the k e y n o t e address Friday night.

Saturday, f o u r discussion groups will give participants in the retreat

a chance t o explore the theme f r o m different perspectives.

The topics of the discussion groups will be freedom and responsibility as they relate t o the d r a f t , sex, the c o m m u n i t y and h u m a n relations. P a r t i c i p a n t s will have the o p p o r t u n i t y t o a t t e n d their choice of two t o three different discussions. Faculty, students, and people outside the Hope College c o m m u n i t y will lead the discussions.

All s t u d e n t s and faculty are invited t o attend the retreat. Registration will be t o d a y , t o m o r r o w and Wednesday in the lobby of Van Raalte from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. A minimal fee must be paid in order t o attend the retreat.

BUSSES TO CAMP Geneva will leave Friday at 7 : 3 0 p.m., giving s t u d e n t s enough time t o attend the pull. They will return Sunday at 9 a.m. after an early c o m m u n i o n service led by Chaplain Hillegonds.

Frosh and Sophs prepare to do battle at the Pull

by Gil Vernon The pull, a 72-year old tradition at Hope College, will take place Friday at 4 p.m. on the banks of the Black River east of Holland near M-31.

THE PULL DEVELOPED out of an 1898 " t u g of w a r " between the freshman and s o p h o m o r e men. Since then it has grown to be the only event of its sort in the United Slates. Now, instead of a simple tug of war, it is a sophisticated battle of determination, spirit and scientific technique.

The two teams, one from each class, have 18 m e m b e r s each plus two alternates. The object of the sport is to pull the opposition into the m u r k y waters of the 150-foot wide Black River.

THE ELEMENT T H A T makes this tug of war so unique is the

anchor receives All-American rating from AC? The Hope College anchor was awarded the "All-American" rating for its issues last semester by the Associated Collegiate Press.

The award was made after critical evaluation by the association's staff of professional journalists. It is the highest rating given to a college newspaper.

"All-American" status is defined as "unusually high quality and especially creative or distinctly lively, appealing w o r k " in various areas of newspaper production.

T h e anchor was given a "Mark of Distinction" in the fields of coverage and c o n t e n t , writing and editing, physical appearance and photography.

T h e paper was especially c o m m e n d e d for its " s u p e r i o r " use of news sources.

The Associated Collegiate Press is a national organization dedicated to p r o m o t i n g high standards a m o n g college and university papers.

use of pits, holes dug into the ground to increase the leverage of each team m e m b e r ' s pull. The pits, c o m b i n e d with a sophisticated set of signals for such techniques as " l o c k - i n , " " o n the rope heave" and "full rope h e a v e " adcl to the science of the struggle.

The determination and strength of these 18 men, combined with the carefully-practiced techniques, can bring some amazing results. Last year the freshman team uprooted a 14-inch tree in practice.

THE FROSH ARE coached by j u n i o r students, and the sophs by seniors.

Sophomore coaches Hoss Bone, Keith Crossland and Doug Westveer meet Wednesday with frosh coaches Rick Mine, Ralph Oliver and Jim Price for the toss of the coin that d e t e r m i n e s which side of the river the respective teams will be pulling f r o m .

THE LOWER SOUTH side usually holds an advantage because the team there is pulling downhill, and the more solid ground makes the pits more effective. But due < to high water this year, the advantage may be slight.

Thursday a f t e r n o o n the teams are allowed to dig the 18 pits within a 9 5 - f o o l span. Shortly before the event Friday, the officials place one end of the 3 1 0 - f o o t , several hundred p o u n d rope at the last pit of each side.

The slack is then placed in the walgr of the river.

A 4 P.M. WHISTLE will sound, indicating tne beginning of a 15-minute period for taping and adjustments, at 4 : 1 6 a n o t h e r whistle begins a 15-minute period for stretching the wet rope, and then at 4 : 3 1 a m i n u t e ' s rest is taken before the beginning of the pull at 4 : 3 2 .

The pull has an interesting but generally unrecorded history. The longest pull is said to have been nearly four hours long in 1927 due t o the skullduggery of the late

Rev. J o h n W. Tysse, w h o wrapped the rope around a tree.

THE S H O R T E S T PULL was in 1946, when the Class of 1950, made up largely of returning World War II veterans, was " p o p p e d " (pulled out of the pits) by the s o p h o m o r e s in just 4 0 minutes.

"II was really embarrassing 4 " said one member of the losing team 24 years later. "We Gls outweighed the sophomores, who were almost all guys not drafted because they were 4-F, by over 5 0 0 pounds. But they licked u s . " The pull is not restricted to the male segment of the lower classmen. Each team m e m b e r is assisted by a morale girl, w h o comes armed with a whole realm of c o m f o r t i n g aids including lemons, oranges, soft drinks, candy bars, water, Gatorade, towels, athletic tape, blankets and chicken noodle soup.

TAPE IS THE MOST important c o m m o d i t y . Blisters are inevitable a f t e r two weeks of hard practices on the three-inch rope.

A local sporting goods store o n e year sold 304 rolls of tape.

THIS Y E A R ' S PULL appears to be very well matched. No concrete predictions can be made except for the normal cautious optimism of both teams. "Deter-:' mination and spirit," says frosh coach Hine, "is our biggest advantage." The frosh had 4 0 men vie for the 18 positions while the sophs had 26 men out.

T h e s o p h o m o r e s are relying on the experience and humiliation of last year's swim. Coach Crossland said that "having lost last year is our biggest advantage."

How long will the pull go?

Coach Hine replied, " N o t as long as last year, for the guys' s a k e . " Last year the two-hour fifty-minute pull sent three men t o the hospital, and some five fainted at various times. Only the battle Friday will tell the o u t c o m e of Hope's version of blood, sweat and tears.

I N C H — I N C H — H E A V E — S o p h o m o r e s Judy Wright and Rick Vanderlind watch intently for the next c o m m a n d f r o m senior coach Doug Westveer, whose legs border the t o p of the picture, at pull practice last week. The annual event is scheduled to begin at 4 p.m. Friday. .

Page 2

Hope College anchor

Co-directors of Grenoble foreign program visit Hope The co-directors of the G r e n o b l e , F r a n c e , Junior Year Abroad program. Dr. and Mrs. Jean-Pierre Nougier, will deliver a lecture in Winants A u d i t o r i u m t o m o r r o w at 3 p.m. as part of thqir week-long visit to the H o p e campus.

In an e f f o r t to become a t t u n e d t o the n a t u r e of the Hope comm u n i t y and to provide a chance t o get to k n o w them and the Grenoble program, the Nougiers have been visiting classes holding discussions, and will be available for student interviews t o m o r r o w m o r n i n g in Dr. Fried's office.

Wednesday morning the Nougiers will attend some of the French history courses.

The Tuesday a f t e r n o o n lecture, being sponsored by the English D e p a r t m e n t and Lambda lota T a u , the English Honor Society, will be on " C o n t e m p o r a r y American Jewish Writers."

A m e m b e r of the Faculte de Lettres of Grenoble University, Nougier teaches English literature, though his major field of interest

The anchor

consider the alternative....

ground floor, graves hall

October 5, 1970

Had higher number

Drafted twin wins discharge (AP) Steve Carrier's self-styled one-in-a-million chance of getting out of the Army paid off last week when Selective Service o f f i c ials conceded he had been inducted erroneously and that he should be discharged.

THE D E F E N S E D e p a r t m e n t and Selective Service h e a d q u a r t e r s in Washington relayed t h e decision to Rep. Garry Brown, R-Mich., w h o had placed Carrier's case before them.

Carrier, who with his 19-yearold twin b r o t h e r Mike drew draft n u m b e r 2 4 6 in the recent national draft lottery, c o n t e n d e d he had been called to active duty out of numerical sequence.

DR. AND MRS. J E A N - P I E R R E NOUGIER is the absorption of minority groups into American culture.

Mrs. Nougier also holds doctoral rank. Both she and her husband are currently working on research projects.

T h e locus of a Hope-Albion foreign study program, Grenoble University was the first university in France to develop a centralized American-style campus, a departure f r o m E u r o p e a n tradition. A group of 30 American s t u d e n t s , including 17 f r o m Hope, are currently enrolled there on the program.

The Nougiers have spent two years on the faculty of Albion College, and one of their three children was born in America.

TO CHUCK THE BARBER Since you have no respect for the girls of Hope College / can see why you can't get our men in your chair.

- ONE WHO KNOWS

"WE ARE A PATRIOTIC family and one of our sons served in Vietnam and a n o t h e r in G e r m a n y , so we have pride in our c o u n t r y , but in Steve's case right is right and his n u m b e r should not

have been called." said his m o t h e r , Mrs. Edna Carrier of Richland, Mich.

Steve, a recent high school graduate, was inducted July 15 in Detroit and was sent to F t . K n o x , Ky., f o r basic training.

IT WAS AT T H A T point that his twin Mike returned f r o m a California vacation and learned that Steve was in the A r m y . Mike went t o the draft board to inquire about his own status and reportedly was told that the board had not gone past 150 in its priority of draft call numbers.

"When they told me about the 150 n u m b e r bit, 1 asked how come my b r o t h e r had --been drafted since his n u m b e r was 246 the same as mine - and n o b o d y could answer it," said Mike.

THE TWO BROTHERS became convinced that Steve's induction was e r r o n e o u s and illegal and they carried their cause to the local draft board, State

Court upholds GVSC editor's conviction (AP) The Michigan C o u r t of Appeals has upheld the conviction of a college newspaper editor on charges of distributing an obscene article.

The court m a d e the ruling in the case of J a m e s Wasserman, editor of the c a m p u s paper " L a n t h o r h " at Grand Valley State College.

Wasserman was sentenced t o pay Si 0 0 and his m o t i o n for a new trial was denied.

The Court of Appeals held the story was not p r o t e c t e d f r o m prosecution because of o t h e r , unobjectionable, material in the newspaper; and that obscenity is not p r o t e c t e d by the first a m e n d ment t o the U.S. C o n s t i t u t i o n .

" T h e trial judge was correct in his ruling that there was ample evidence presented t o the j u r y for them t o determine d e f e n d a n t guilty of the o f f e n s e c h a r g e d , " the court said.

Wasserman had appealed the verdict f r o m Ottawa C o u n t y Circuit C o u r t and Judge R a y m o n L. Smith.

The story judged obscene was entitled k 'A Typical Day in the Life of J. Oswald J o n e s . " The decision to uphold the conviction was 2-1, with Judge S. J e r o m e Bronson dissenting from the majority opinion of judges Donald E. Holbrook and Donald L. Munro.

Selective Service officials. Rep. Brown and Sen. Philip A. Hart, D-Mich.

Steve got legal advice, including a letter f r o m Rep. Brown, that o n e of his first acts should be t o file a request for discharge f r o m the Army on grounds of illegal induction. " S O M E O F T H E corporals and sergeants m a d e f u n of me and told me \ had only a one in a million chance of getting o u t , " said Steve. " B u t I knew 1 had some good friends working for me and I was convinced my cause was right."

Steve finally got the word he wanted Monday when a Defense D e p a r t m e n t congressional liaison aide notified Rep. Brown that a f t e r a t h o r o u g h study of t h e case, it had been decided the y o u t h should be released f r o m military service. " S T E V E HAD finished his basic training and was d u e t o report at Ft. Benning, Ga., on Oct. 4 but 1 think the Army will cancel t h o s e , orders and simply have him r e p o r t back to Ft. Knox to be processed and given his final physical e x a m , " Brown said.

Mrs. Carrier was the only one in her Richland home when Rep. Brown p h o n e d her the news Monday. She sent a neighbor t o find Steve and bring him home t o hear of his i m p e n d i n g release.

"I WAS J U S T as h a p p y as a fellow can b e , " said Steve. " N o w I can go back t o work at the Kellogg bird sanctuary at Gull Lake and also enroll at Michigan State University."

He was e m p h a t i c a b o u t t h e point that he was not trying t o duck out on military service but simply felt that the d r a f t lottery should be " f a i r and square so all fellows get t h e same c h a n c e . " Spokesmen for Draft Board 4 0 had no official c o m m e n t on Steve's lottery problems. "We d o n ' t need this kind of p u b l i c i t y , " said one aide.

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Hope College anchor

Page 3

Provides sanctuary

New draft-age limit is 26 (AP) The Selective Service System has told local draft boards that age 26 marks t h e border of a sanctuary they may not invade, even in hot pursuit.

AT 26, EXPLAINED draft Director Curtis W. Tarr, a man is t o o old for combat d u t y and draftinghim might only jeopardize his fellow soldiers.

Tarr explained his views in an interview after draft spokesmen conceded new regulations might allow "dozens, even h u n d r e d s " of men to escape the draft by using procedural delays until their 26th birthday.

THE REGULATIONS, announced Wednesday, were in an executive order signed by President Nixon last Saturday u p o n the r e c o m m e n d a t i o n , spokesmen said, of Tarr.

e E L E C T R O N I C M U S I C — P a u l i n e Oliveros prepares H o p e ' s Buchla electronic synthesizer for a concert of electronic and theatrical performances, which will involve students and faculty t o m o r r o w night at 8 : 1 5 in Dimnent Memorial Chapel.

U.S. combat base to be turned over

Pauline Oliveros to present concert Tuesday in Chapel Pauline Oliveros, famed electronic composer and artist-in-residence this semester, will present a concert t o m o r r o w night at 8 : 1 5 p . m . - in Dimnent Memorial Chapel.

She will direct electronic a n d theatrical performances, some of them her own work. In several of

Bomb explodes in U. of Oregon office building (AP) A b o m b exploded in a ground floor washroom of a ninestory faculty office building at t h e University of Oregon in Eugene, Ore., Friday night, causing an estimated $ 5 0 , 0 0 0 damage.

Three persons working on the upper floors of Prince Lucien Campbell Hall escaped injury f r o m the blast, which police and university officials said ' was deliberately set.

The explosion r u p t u r e d water pipes flooding the ground f l o o r with a b o u t five inches of water.

Several faculty offices suffered heavy damage. Partitions were ripped out and windows broken o n two floors.

University President Robert D. Clark called the wreckage "a devastating and tragic scene...a product of madness. 1 don't k n o w how a n y o n e could have done it who wasn't mentally sick."

the compositions the college's Buchla electronic synthesizer will be used, and Hope s t u d e n t s and faculty will participate in the performance.

Miss Oliveros is a native of Houston and studied at H o u s t o n and San Francisco State College.

She has been on the faculty of the University of California at San Diego since 1967, and has written n u m e r o u s compositions.

She has written a new composition for the performance tomorrow night, which is intended t o be a culmination of her work during her stay on campus. The composition calls for three flutes, string quintet, organ and the synthesizer.

Miss Oliveros is the second artist-in-residence under a program sponsored by the Cultural Affairs C o m m i t t e e . The first was playwright Charles Nolte, w h o was here last spring.

(AP) The United States made three new moves Tuesday t o disengage its men and machines from the war, including c o m p l e t i o n of the transfer of a big c o m b a t base .to the South Vietnamese army.

The other disengagement moves a n n o u n c e d by the U.S. C o m m a n d were the f u r t h e r reduction in U.S. t r o o p strength by 2,565 men and the transfer of 4 0 jet attack b o m b e r s t o the South Vietnamese air force.

T h e U.S. C o m m a n d also signaled a f o r t h c o m i n g disengagement move. It a n n o u n c e d that three units of t h e 1st Marine Division and an Army artillery battalion have been pulled o u t of action and are preparing t o depart.

The newly a n n o u n c e d t r o o p s reduction lowered the current American strength to about 3 9 1 , 0 0 0 men and this figure will be cut by another 7,000 during the coming weeks.

The withdrawals are part of President Nixon's fourth-phase cutback of 5 0 , 0 0 0 t r o o p s that will lower authorized American manpower in Vietnam t o 3 8 4 , 0 0 0 by Oct. 15.

' T h e change is a f f e c t i n g a very insignificant n u m b e r , " said a draft spokesman.

But he a d d e d , "we fully expect there will be dozens, even hundreds who do i t . " THE ESCAPE route of delay, however, would not be easy, he warned. " F e w will pay the price," he said, for it would take a heavy toll in skill, money, and years of uncertainty.

Those who do, however, must be replaced by other men in meeting the Pentagon's draft calls. / ' I N S T E A D O F these men, the system would take a couple of hundred younger, better qualified m e n , " said the official spoksemen.

Tarr acknowledge this involved a question of fairness. " Y o u have to balance the safety factor for equity against the safety factor for the people wno have to work with them once they get into the service," said Tarr.

HE SAID C O N G R E S S in Selective Service legislation, had picked 19 to 26 as the desireable age limit for military induction, with the exception of doctors, whose training takes longer.

"We decided," Tarr continued, "that if 26 is a reasonable limit, then let's not go all out and get

the man after he's past 26 ... you have to think about the c o m b a t situation and who will be best qualified. In practical terms, it's the only fair t h i n g . " MEN WHO REACHED age 26 without being drafted have for years been moved far down (he priority list, to be drafted only in dire emergencies or certain cial circumstances; the new licy does not change that. Bu . re last Saturday, regulations »'.vd boards to draft men afte ^ if they had passed that bo. ine \Vhile involved in adminis uive process delays within the Selective Service System.

Saturday's executive order eliminated that hot-pursuit clause.

Now a man may be drafted a f t e r 26 only if the notice of induction itself was issued before his 26th birthday.

A SPOKESMAN SAID that during the first eight m o n t h s of this year 4 6 7 men over 26 were d r a f t e d ; it was not known how many had been issued notices before or after they reached that age.

The change in regulations involves "such an insifnificant g r o u p of people, we didn't consider it a major policy decision" the spokesman said. ^ "If it had been 10,000 guys it would've been d i f f e r e n t . "

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Page 4

i

October 5, 1970

Hope College anchor

BOOKSTORE

A history-making proposal Hope has been in a state of change since its modest beginning, but never has a proposal of the scope and importance of the Proposal to Revise the General College Requirements been written. That report will undergo its first public test this

sweeping reforms leave off. With the idea that a student has the primary responsibility for learning as a base, the report urges students to plan their academic careers, to develop as many of their resources as possible and to broaden their educational experience through varied programs. week.

It says what many on campus have The hearings that begin tomorbeen whispering: education is not a row, sponsored by the ad hoc comni'tee that authored the report, are set of requirements, because what opÂŤn to the public. And the commit- for one person is academically stimw j is frankly looking for student ulating is for another nothing better reunion. That statement itself re- than a bore. - The proposal would allow students to choose between courses, to study off-campus, to develop workstudy programs, independent study plans, study at other campuses or abroad, or any number of combinaflects the changes that have taken tions. Rather than a scissors and place since the time when students paste patchwork for the present curwere told by the faculty at what riculum plan, the committee has proposed beginning from scratch hours they must turn off their lights. with an entirely new perspective on Now, student opinion is not only education. influential, it is actively sought by We urge students to express their the rest of the college. To turn away from such an opportunity would be opinions on the report. A thorough reading of the proposal is indispensto reject the stand that so many ible, and this can be done by looking students have thought and shouted: students must help reform higher through the copies on reserve in the library or by consulting a faculty education. member. The college will change We support the ideals and ideas of only as it sees the necessity for the report on curriculum reform.

Obviously the product of endless change. The hearings will be a most hours of creative, innovative think- critical step in creating the new Hope ing, the proposal begins where less College.

Betraying the rhetoric Last week several hundred students, aimed perhaps at releasing beg i n n ing-of-the-year frustrations, decided to "raid" the women's dormitories. But what began as a good time ended up in pilfering and outright theft.

The words of student leaders seem meaningless in light of such acts. Cries of "student responsibility" are quickly forgotten by those we want most to impress when irresponsibility seems to them to be more widespread. Thinking must precede acting.

Numerous women complained that their rooms were rifled, their

possessions stolen and their privacy invaded. Once more a "harmless prank" turned into disaster and clear violation of civil law as well as campus regulations. We urge students to consider carefully the sort of recreation they can benefit from most and discourage those who would engage in illegal or discourteous behavior. We are a campus, a college and a community. The rights of others must be respected if we are to live together and benefit from each other. Those who violated those rights should immediately return the items they stole and look to higher forms of recreation than "panty raids."

Readers speak out

Course reform endorsed On T u e s d a y , October 6, the first of a series of open hearings and discussion sections regarding the " R e p o r t of the Committee t o Revise the General College Requirements , , will be held. This provides an o p p o r t u n i t y for all members of the Hope College c o m m u n i t y to c o n t r i b u t e both their constructive and critical com-

dear editor ments with regard t o not only the Committee's report, but the f u t u r e direction of Hope College.

I fully endorse this report as a working d o c u m e n t which will enable us t o develop as a c o m m u n i t y a program of education which provides flexibility to changing individual and societal needs within the established overall intent of Hope College.

The C o m m i t t e e has given careful thought to its proposal and developed what

I believe is an exciting and potentially effective plan, but in so doing it has provided all of us with a challenge to contribute t o its p h i l o s o p h y , to suggest ways in which it can be made even b e t t e r , and t o c o m e to grips with practical problems of i m p l e m e n t a t i o n .

I h o p e that all of us will approach it not in a negative m a n n e r , nor in any way guided by individual interests or prejudices, but in the manner of a willingness to help define and improve upon this excellent starting point by providing the C o m m i t t e e with our individual and collective insights and beliefs.

There is a limited f u t u r e for society if c o m m u n i t i e s such as ours c a n n o t define our purpose and our beliefs. Each of us now has the o p p o r t u n i t y to add our dimension of thinking to the work of the C o m m i t t e e and to share in building high goals within a workable f r a m e w o r k for action.

Morrette Rider Dean for Academic Affairs

This column is open to all campus opinion. Letters must be signed and delivered to the anchor office by 6 p.m. Wednesday. The editor reserves the right to edit or condense, or to select among letters with similar content.

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5

The Reds are dead

by Art Buchwald

The C o m m u n i s t Party is having a rough time in the United States these days. No one is paying any a t t e n t i o n to it any m o r e , and it is probably in the worst shape it has ever been in, in this c o u n t r y .

A COMMUNIST friend of mine was practically in tears as he told me how the party was falling a p a r t .

"We're not a m e n a c e any m o r e , " he said. " A n d everyone is ignoring us. Redbaiting has gone o u t of style. It's disgusting." " H o w d o you explain i t ? " I asked. " N O O N E CAN get any mileage out of attacking C o m m u n i s t s in the United States any m o r e . Student-baiting is the big thing n o w . The Red-hunters are spending all their time a t t a c k i n g s t u d e n t s and professors and administrators. N o b o d y gives a damn what we do. We haven't been able t o get in the newspapers in m o n t h s . " " T h a t ' s a w f u l , " I said. "I r e m e m b e r during a political year when everyone was accusing everyone else of being a C o m m i e or a C o m m i e d u p e . What did you people do w r o n g ? " "WE DID N O T H I N G wrong. T h e Redh u n t e r s discovered that people were more afraid of their own children than they were of the C o m m u n i s t Party.

"Vice President Agnew hasn't mentioned one C o m m u n i s t threat since he's been on his $100-a-plate lecture circuit. As far as he's c o n c e r n e d , the biggest e n e m y to the United States is not Karl Marx but Dr. Spock."

"Has this had a n y e f f e c t on y o u r membership?" I asked h i m .

"I HOPE T O T E L L you it has. Half our membership was m a d e up of FBI undercover agents. We d e p e n d e d on t h e m for all our financial aid as they were the only ones

w h o paid their dues. Now they're leaving in droves t o enroll at colleges and universities.

Our cells are d o w n t o n o t h i n g . " " Y o u would think the FBI undercover agents would have some loyalty to the party a f t e r all these years," I said.

"THE OTHER DAY an FBI undercover agent, a nice fellow w h o m we all liked, came in and said he had been ordered to resign, as he had been reassigned t o the freshman class at NYU. I begged him to stay, but he said it wasn't his decision.

C o m m u n i s t s just didn't mean anything as far as J. Edgar Hoover was c o n c e r n e d . The Reader's Digest w o n ' t even b u y articles f r o m him on us any m o r e . " " M a y b e y o u could get Congress to investigate you as they did in the good old d a y s ? " I said.

"IT'S HOPELESS. T h e internal security s u b c o m m i t t e e s are only interested in stud e n t s , " he said. " I t ' s impossible t o explain to Moscow that n o b o d y cares what we do."

"Why c o u l d n ' t you get the students interested in the p a r t y ? " I suggested.

"Surely you could get some attention if the s t u d e n t unrest was t h o u g h t t o be a Communist conspiracy." Âť

"WE TRIED, BUT the s t u d e n t s won't have a n y t h i n g t o do with us. They think we're as old-hat as the Republican and Democratic Parties." " I t ' s a crying s h a m e , " I said.

"We t h o u g h t m a y b e w h e n Nixon became President we'd get a break because in his day he was one of the great C o m m u n i s t - h u n t e r s in this c o u n t r y . But he hasn't m e n t i o n e d us since he's been in o f f i c e . It w o u l d n ' t have hurt us t o call us ' b u m s , ' a f t e r all we did for his career."

C o p y r i g h t 1 9 7 0 , L o s Angeles T i m e s

OPI COLLEGI

anchor OLLAND, MICHIGAN

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1

'Self Portrait : a composite artist's audio panorama Editor's N o t e : This w e e k ' s anchor review is written by Critiques Editor Gerry Swieringa.

He reviews t h e long-playing record Bob Dylan: Self Portrait, available on Columbia Records.

by Gerry Swieringa Never trust the objective opinions of a fanatic. With this fair warning, and the correlating disadvantage of a limited musical perspective, I hereby presume to review an album by one of the deities of the c o n t e m p o r a r y ballad, Bob Dylan.

Self Portrait is a time exposure that brings together for the first time an above the c o u n t e r picture of the diversified range of musical activities to which Dylan has lent his considerable talent.

ITS MOODS S H I F T from the sentimentality of c o u n t r y camp to the harsh b r e a k d o w n s of solid r o c k , f r o m the covered bridges of W o o d s t o c k , New Y o r k , t o the frenzied madness of the Isle of Wight. T h r o u g h o u t such a panorama of sight and sound roams the u n a c c o u n t a b l e but never extinguishable presence of Dylan, along with some fifty friends, all doing what they d o best, making music.

T h e album begins inauspiciously e n o u g h , w i t h o u t Dylan.

"All the tired horses in the sun, how am I s'posed t o get any riding d o n e ? " Yet f r o m there it moves t o one of the most lyrical and

modestly beautiful songs o f f e r e d , Alberta No. I, a simple wish couched in earthy sensuality.

"Alberta let your hair hang down."

THE PICTURE IS a relatively new o n e : Dylan as the c o u n t r y halladeer. Indeed a fair n u m b e r of the selections presented in Self Portrait portray this image, and Alberta may be regarded as the k e y n o t e to this new genre of self expression. U n f o r t u n a t e l y not all of these selections e m b o d y the qualities which dignify Alberta.

Others, such as Take Me As I Am, reek of an overexposed sentimentality that cheapens a generally rich offering.

A current trend in folk music is to acknowledge o n e ' s own musical roots, a la The Band. Dylan does just this in n u m b e r s such as Days of 49 and Living the Blues.

THE F O R M E R IS a spirited reminiscence of " T h e days of old when we dug up the g o l d , " and leaves the listener with not only the nostalgia of a loftier age, but also an empathizing awareness of the plight of old T o m Moore, victim of those same golden days.

Living the Blues is a more personal reminiscence, a creation of Dylan's own past rechanneled for stereo.

If there is one aspect of this album that alienates it f r o m the body of folk and rock music sung t o d a y , it is Dylan's decision t o include in it the works of music-

ians and writers other than himself. Whether by a sonorous plague of egomania, or directly through the influences of such people as Dylan, most writers today feel compelled to perform their o w n creations.

T H E R E A R E notable exceptions, J u d y Collins for one, but what would have been a c o m p l i ment to the song writer several years ago is now regarded as grounds for a law suit. The art of interpretation is in decline.

It is with some surprise then that o n e finds songs like Gordon L i g h t f o o t ' s Early Morn in' Rain or Paul S i m o n ' s The Boxer, and even Rodgers and H a r t ' s Blue Moon included in the album. Yet the spirit with which they are perf o r m e d (with the possible exception of Blue Moon), is one of earnest appreciation in the respective talents of their original composers. 1 e x e m p t Blue Moon as a somewhat disappointing satire, but a satire aimed more at a style of p e r f o r m a n c e than at the songwriters themselves.AN HONEST SIGN of an artist's accomplishment is his ability at self p a r o d y . Specifically, Dylan selects two songs f r o m an earlier period in his development and presents them in a live performance as Dylan mimicking Dylan.

The songs arc Like A Rolling Stone and She Belongs To Me, both taped at the Isle of Wight concert.

FBI chief lists eight campus radical tactics (AP) President Nixon has urged college a d m i n i s t r a t o r s t o outline to s t u d e n t s J. Edgar Hoover's views on avoiding c a m p u s trouble.

NIXON S E N T administrators a letter in which the FBI director listed eight tactics e m p l o y e d by campus extremists to lure stud e n t s i n t o their activities.

T h e President called Hoover's letter "a cogent and enlightening analysis" of extremist tactics and urged college presidents to get the message t o s t u d e n t s .

IN T H E L E T T E R , Hoover said the c a m p u s situation may be serious at some institutions but added: " A l o n g with millions of other adults, I'm betting on the vast m a j o r i t y of s t u d e n t s to remain fair-minded, tolerant, inquisitive, but also firm about certain basic principles of h u m a n dignity, respect for the rights of o t h e r s and a willingness to learn."

Here are the eight extremist tactics listed by the FBI director:

- " T h e y ' l l encourage you to lose respect for y o u r parents and the older generation.

- " T h e y ' l l try t o convert you to the idea that y o u r college is 'irrelevant' and a ' t o o l of the establishment.'

- " T h e y ' l l ask you to abandon your basic c o m m o n sense.

- " T h e y ' l l try to envelop you in a m o o d of negativism, pessimism and alienation toward yourself, your school, your nation.

- " T h e y ' l l encourage you to disrespect the law and hate the law e n f o r c e m e n t officer.

- " T h e y ' l l tell you that any action

is honorable and right if it's sincere or idealistic in m o t i v a t i o n .

- " T h e y ' l l ask you to believe that y o u , as a s t u d e n t and citizen, are powerless by democratic means t o effect change in our society. 1 - " T h e y ' l l encourage you to hurl bricks and stones instead of logical argument at those w h o disagree with your views."

Political leave option granted Denison students Denison University s t u d e n t s have the o p t i o n this year t o take a ten-day leave f r o m calsses in order t o participate in political activities, the Denisonian reported recently.

According to the newspaper, the faculty passed a resolution in May asking that, " p r o c e d u r e s be initiated t o allow a student t o elect a leave of absence f r o m course work not t o exceed ten days in order t o participate in political activity."

The resolution added that " t h e s t u d e n t remains responsible for work missed during such a leave."

The paper said any s t u d e n t wishing t o exercise the privilege must register with the Office of Student Personnel prior to vacating campus. That o f f i c e will m a k e necessary arrangements with class instructors and faculty advisors.

The article urged s t u d e n t s t o arrange clearance with instructors so the a m o u n t of make-up work may be learned.

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With an exaggerated hold on his vowels and a j u m b l e d smeer of his lyrics, these songs form an integral part of such a studied self portrait. They present Dylan the artist as a y o u n g m a n , somewhat harshly, but moreover honestly.

REGARDING THE MANY musicians he has assembled to assist him in Self Portrait, Dylan has collected a representative sampling of the musical talents which have been with him t h r o u g h o u t his varied career. They

range from the studio musicians w h o have backed up his f o r m e r albums, t o the formative days of Big Pink with The Band, and on" to his present status as a rising country star with Doug Kershaw.

But mostly the album belongs to Dylan, a n d , of course, to us biased fanatics who have diligently followed his diversifiedmusical activities. It presents what we always k n e w t o be an accomplished artist as what we always suspected, a composite artist.

The doctor's bag

by Arnold Werner, M.D.

Address letters t o Dr. Arnold Werner, Box 9 7 4 , East Lansing, Mi. 4 8 8 2 3 Q U E S T I O N : All my life I have had the unique capability t o pass a far greater volume of gas t h a n the average m e m b e r of my species. An explanation of my gaseous state escapes me because 1 c o n s u m e a normal daily diet and can t u r n on with a n y t h i n g f r o m cereal t o sauerkraut. I recently considered a medical examination thinking my problem (and o f t e n t h a t ' of o t h e r s in the immediate vicinity) might be due to a metabolic disorder or an over-abundance of micro-organisms in my digestive tract. Also, what are the physiological consequences of observing proper e t i q u e t t e when the pressure builds and " n o t firing at will."

ANSWER: Gaseousness is a rather c o m m o n c o n d i t i o n . It may be m a n i f e s t e d by flatulence (passing of large a m o u n t s of gas or flatus through the r e c t u m ) as you describe or excessive belching.

Some readers' pristine self-image may be shattered b u t , most people pass a b o u t two t o three q u a r t s of gas daily. Mercifully, almost all of it is odorless and passed silently.

There are three basic sources of gas in our intestinal tract. Air enters when we swallow f o o d s and liquids, carbon dioxide is released during digestive processes and bacteria produces m e t h a n e , hydrogen and hydrogen sulfide through fer-

mentative processes. The latter three are i n f l a m m a b l e . There are metabloic disorders and infections of the gastrointestinal tract which can p r o d u c e gaseousness, but by far the most c o m m o n cause is aerophagia, or air swallowing. A c o m m o n sign of a n x i e t y , this condition b e c o m e s a compulsive habit in some people. Air intake can a c c o m p a n y increased swallowing of saliva, gum chewing, sucking o n hard candy, etc. People with this c o n d i t i o n can also a d m i t large volumes of air t o the stomach during respiration.

Aside f r o m an explanation of the process and reassurance, the source I consulted r e c o m m e n d s exhaling prior to swallowing any f o o d o r liquid. As well, y o u should eliminate w h i p p e d f o o d s and c a r b o n a t e d beverages f r o m y o u r diet. He also suggests holding something between y o u r t e e t h , like a pencil, which would make it difficult t o swallow! Of course, if you are especially anxious y o u might consider seeking help f o r that.

I could find n o reported cases of explosions resulting f r o m not "firing at will," but cramps could result a f t e r a while.

QUESTION: I have just had a baby. It is t w o weeks old and 1 am breastfeeding her. If I were t o return t o taking mescaline o r a m p h e t a m i n e s , would my milk be h a r m f u l t o my baby in any way?

ANSWER: A variety of drugs d o appear in m o t h e r ' s milk. Usually

they are not there in a very high c o n c e n t r a t i o n . Accurate data is difficult t o c o m e by on the subject of a m p h e t a m i n e and mescaline excretion in milk. But there is little reason t o d o u b t that some drug gets t h r o u g h . The situation is complicated by the fact that " s t r e e t " drugs vary tremendously in c o n t e n t and some contain fairly p o t e n t poisons, which may enter the milk in large a m o u n t s .

An i m p o r t a n t consideration should be the potential difficulty that could arise for y o u r helpless infant if you were to be out of commission on a bad trip. In addition, a m p h e t a m i n e s markedly decrease o n e ' s appetite, and the nursing m o t h e r needs a fair a m o u n t of .food above her own* requirements t o keep t h e milk factory running. It is very important that the mother have an a d e q u a t e a m o u n t of milk, fruit, vegetables and protein in t h e form of meat, p o u l t r y or fish. Nursing m o t h e r s are also given vitamins.

Breast-feeding has been gaining in popularity again in recent years. It has t r e m e n d o u s practical advantages as you always carry the f o o d supply with y o u and there is no fussing with bottles, etc. It is economical and many women find it very gratifying. My own careful observation of babies at t h e breast m a k e s me think that they have a good thing going for them and they k n o w it. La Leche League is an association of volunteer breast-feeding mothers.

Check your local telephone directory.

The Best of Peanuts PEANUTS ( THANK VOU FOP^ KEC0MMENPIN6 THIS BOOK,MISS ^HALVERSON,.

I FOUND IT A RARE EXPERIENCE, ANP FEEL THAT I AM A BETTER PERSON FOR HAV1N6 REAP IT

HOU CAM You

5Af/ THIN65 LIKE THAT WITH A STRAIGHT FACE?

1 Si

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15 I T UR0N6 TO MAKE A TEACHER HAPPY? y "IT

October S, 1 9 7 0

Hope College anchor

Page 6

Civil strife proves myth ol lordanian unity, adds air of urgency to Mid-east situation Editor's Note: The following analysis of t h e Jordanian civil war is written by Dr. J o h n Hollenbach, professor of English and chairman of t h e d e p a r t m e n t . Hollenbach was Dean of Undergraduate Faculties at t h e American University of Cairo f r o m 1955-57 and coordinator of t h e Junior Year Abroad program in Beirut f r o m 1 9 6 5 66. ^ •

by J o h n Hollenbach

" T h e inexplicable Middle E a s t ! " This is a phrase that has been current for m a n y years. In the last several m o n t h s it has been repeated f r e q u e n t l y , as observers have watched the swirl of events in that section of the world.

In the a f t e r m a t h of the death of Egypt's President Abdul Nasser, the pundits are engaged in the inevitable speculation as to what will be the impact of his demise on Arab-Israeli peace talks, on the stability of Egypt, on the uneasy truce that was patched together under Nasser's direction to stop the Jordanian civil war.

T H E HESITANCY A N D contradictions of such prognoses are ample testimony to the ambiguities and paradoxes that have marked the action of men and nations in the Middle East over the past decades.

Whereas the f u t u r e is difficult to predict, it is possible t o arrive at some understanding of the motivations and causes that have led to some of the ironic and seemingly inconsistent behavior of the Arab people caught in the tragic web of history.

THIS A R T I C L E SEEKS to examine the b a c k g r o u n d of one of the strangest of these paradoxes - the civil war pitting Arab against Arab in Jordan at the very time when the Jordanian people might expect to be most united by the tense struggle against their c o m m o n antagonist - Israel.

The peoples o f t h e Middle Eastern countries, except Israel, have made much of the idea of their b o n d s of kinship. The magic word is the word " A r a b " . The rhetoric of

Arab leaders is filled with the professions of Arab b r o t h e r h o o d .

THE J O R D A N I A N CIVIL war of the last few weeks, however, has been another reminder that providing a group of people with a c o m m o n label does not insure h a r m o n y or b r o t h e r h o o d , whether the label be that of family, clan, n a t i o n , color or creed.

On the other h a n d , tbe label " A r a b " is not without significance. The expressions of horror by many members f r o m other Arab States at the Jordanian fratricidal war, the frequent frantic and futile e f f o r t s of King Hussein of Jordan himself to order cease-fires along the way and the bringing together of. leaders of all Arab States to seek an end to this war, all indicate that there is a special b o n d a m o n g all w h o use this n a m e . How then explain the civil war?

THE ARABS O F J O R D A N have a c o m m o n language. T h e great majority of them share a c o m m o n religious faithIslam. Nearly all of them are descendants of Semitic tribes and have a c o m m o n cultural heritage. They have all lived for centuries in the general region that they now o c c u p y . All of these factors would seem t o make for a sense of solidarity, but there are other factors stemming chiefly f r o m the history of the c o u n t r y in this century.

Jordan is a young n a t i o n . It was created after World War 1 as part of the dismemberm e n t of the Turkish e m p i r e . At that time the natives of the eastern and southwestern section of present Jordan were, given semia u t o n o m o u s status under British m a n d a t e - a sort of supervisory role which was to lead to full independence when the people were ready for it.

T H E BRITISH N A M E D A tribal leader, Abdullah, as king a n d the area was called Trans-Jordan. The present King Hussein is the grandson of this first ruler, and his most loyal supporters a n d , incidentally, the core of his police and armed forces, are almost entirely made up of Arabs f r o m the Trans-Jordanian section of the c o u n t r y of Jordan.

called simply J o r d a n . The initial protestations of the Jordanian government was that these are our Arab brothers. But t h e fusion of the two Arab groups was not so simple.

The Trans-Jordanians, m a n y of w h o m were still living according to the cultural patterns of their bedouin past, tended to look upon themselves as the real J o r d a n ians and to look with suspicion or scorn or even apprehension on the new e l e m e n t .

Especially did they resent the immediate active participation in affairs of government that the former Palestinians t o o k .

THE NEW J O R D A N I A N S , on the whole more highly e d u c a t e d , more politically articulate, and more sophisticated than the b e d o u i n Trans-Jordanians, on their part were inclined to be scornful of their new b r o t h e r s and to resent the blocks that were placed t o their moving into high office in the g o v e r n m e n t .

Furthermore, they identified King Hussein and his subordinates as being far too friendly toward western imperialism especially the British and Americans. T r u e , these t w o countries had kept Jordan financially afloat with their grants and loans, but they also had been the chief p r o p o n e n t s of a Jewish state and were now the leading defenders of Israel, the section of

a b o u t the problems of building and maintaining the nation of J o r d a n ; in f a c t , they do not even consider themselves J o r d a n ians, and insist on retaining the label Palestinians. Thus they are only taking advantage of their citizenship rights t o help them reconquer their lost h o m e l a n d , n o matter what this does to their new h o m e .

FOLLOWING THE FIRST Israeli war in 1 9 4 8 , the Palestinian Arabs in Jordan made u p approximately one third of t h e total population of J o r d a n . N o w t h e y f o r m

• more than half. Some of t h e m claim that Hussein n o longer represents the will of the people, that he is a traitor t o the holy Arab cause (restoration of Palestine) and holds on to his office only by force of the a r m y .

His recent action in endorsing the ARAB RECRUITING P O S T E R — T y p i c a l of the eloquent reasoning employed by the United States' plan for a cease-fire in the Palestinians, this poster seeks to generate support for A! Fateh, a commando movement.

Fateh,196511970

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Port Said

SUEZ Ismailiya

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segment not held by the Israelis, granted a u t o m a t i c citizenship to the Palestinian Arabs within their enlarged c o u n t r y - now

cause.

Hussein's a d h e r e n t s , on the other h a n d , have claimed with some justice that most of the Palestinian Arabs in J o r d a n , in spite ^ of their citizenship, are n o t concerned

TO WHOM DOES PALESTINE BELONG?

Areas occupied ].

by Israeli

tive o r d e r .

THE A R A B S LIVING IN. Palestine looked forward f r o m 1921 on to the f o r m a t i o n of an independent nation of their o w n . This they have never achieved.

When the Jews in Palestine declared themselves a separate nation and d e f e n d e d this declaration in a war with Arab armies f r o m neighboring states, the Arabs w h o had lived in Palestine either became guests (aliens) in other countries or citizens in these countries.

The record of the treatment of these people in Israel, Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, and Egypt is a s p o t t y o n e , but they were not absorbed with much grace and s y m p a t h y in any of these countries, with the possible exception initially of J o r d a n .

T R A N S - J O R D A N , IN a n n e x i n g the remainder of the old Palestine region, the

accused their government of double talk and inaction in relation to the Palestinian

AYESHA_AUDI BORN IN P A L E S T I N E RAISED I N P A L E S T I N E

S B S i S i

The northwestern portion of Jordan was a later addition annexed to the kingdom of Trans-Jordan after the cessation of hostilities surrounding the creation of the state of Israel in l t ) 4 8 . Prior to that time this area, plus all of current Israel, was called Palestine and was also under British m a n d a t e .

However, in this mandate the Britains maintained much more direct administra-

Palestine which had been, in their o p i n i o n , unjustly wrested f r o m them.

T H U S DESPITE C O N S T A N T claims by Hussein and his government officials that the state of Jordan was actively p r o m o t i n g the return of Palestine to the Arabs and despite the participation of Jordan in the ill-fated 1967 war against Israel, the Palestinians in J o r d a n have continuously

GQLDA MEIR BORNIN U S S R R A I S E D IN U S

Israel state

Israeli-Arab conflict and for peace negotiations is just a n o t h e r indication that Hussein is pro-imperialist and " s o f t " on Israel.

The same kind of tension has also existed between Hussein and other Arab governments w h o looked upon themselves as the " r e v o l u t i o n a r y " leaders of the panArab cause. The roots of these tensions include personal jealousies and power a m b i t i o n s but they came out into the open most f r e q u e n t l y around the Israeli problem and relationships with Western powers.

HUSSEIN HAS HAD A troubled reign ever since he came to the throne in 1953 as a y o u t h of 18. There were several e f f o r t s t o o v e r t h r o w him and a half dozen a t t e m p t s at assassination. The fact that he is still in p o w e r , albeit somewhat shakily, a t t e s t s both t o his tenacity and his flexibility, b u t the conflict has been growing steadily worse in recent years, especially within his own c o u n t r y , and this increase in tension can be a t t r i b u t e d largely to the steady growth of the para-military guerilla movement of the Palestine liberation groups.

The 1967 Arab-Israeli war radicalized Arab y o u t h in most Middle East countries and helped to bring the guerilla groups in J o r d a n to such a position of power that they could openly d e f y e f f o r t s of the g o v e r n m e n t , through the police and even the regular a r m y , to control their actions.

CAN A C O U N T R Y MAINTAIN itself and carry out foreign policy if t h e r e ' e x i s t within it two sets of armed forces, one of which insists on its own f r e e d o m to act as it wills w i t h o u t government sanction? This has been Hussein's problem ever since 1966. He has sought by cajolery a n d threats, by forceful means and especially by c o m p r o m i s e to k e e p the liberation movement under his c o n t r o l .

In the process the feelings of the regular army and of the guerilla forces have run higher groups against against central

and higher. The e x t r e m e s in b o t h accuse the other of treason - o n e the nation of J o r d a n , the other the vaguer " A r a b n a t i o n " whose mission is liberation of Palestine.

T H E R E C E N T P L A N E hijackings, with the c o n s e q u e n t international pressure on Hussein t o d o s o m e t h i n g , b r o u g h t the issue to a h e a d . Hussein, in an agonized decision, turned over the government t o the a r m y , and civil war b r o k e o u t .

These, t h e n , are some of the factors that have led to the Jordanian civil war, pitting Arab against Arab. On the surface Hussein's f o r c e s at t h e m o m e n t are the winners, but their victory may well be a Pyrrhic victory.

October 5, 1970

/

LEBANON

Hope College anchor

Damascus niyas

SYRIA

EIQuneitra Butmiyeh Seao i Nazar^thO^iii:

i Avmm

Amman

Jerusalem

1

If he could c o m f o r t a b l y play the Americans and the Russians off against o n e a n o t h e r as merely the spokesman for Egypt, how m u c h more effective he would be as a spokesman for the whole Arab world.

LATER, AFTER TWO humiliating defeats, he developed a genuine feeling of hostility toward Israel. But then he saw the t w o most loudly anti-Israel countries, Syria and Iraq, virtually make peace with Israel.

T h e y made it clear by their actions that

—/Bethlehe

\

T o begin w i t h , back in 1953-54, he needed Israel. With n o strong feelings a b o u t Israel itself, he needed Israel as a c o m m o n e n e m y against which to unite the Arabs.

JORDAN

Hegey0

they had no intention of fighting Israel and were more interested in squabbling with each o t h e r .

Meanwhile, they accused Egypt, which had been doing all the fighting, of pacifist inclinations.

WE C A N N O T KNOW h o w Nasser really felt a b o u t all this, but given his ambition to go d o w n as a great historical figure, it is easy t o guess.

What did Nasser w a n t ?

First, like any good wanted to stay in power.

politician,

he

Second, he wanted t o use his power for the benefit of Egypt - Egypt primarily, and then the so-called Arab world. He

Gulf of Aqoha

wanted t o go d o w n in history as one w h o had truly b e n e f i t e d his c o u n t r y .

AS N A S S E R U N D E R S T O O D his e c o n o mic situation in the 1950s, he saw that w i t h o u t massive aid, which could only come f r o m the United States, he c o u l d n ' t possibly achieve a growth rate to keep up with his c o u n t r y ' s birth rate, one of the highest in the world.

"With all the help in s i g h t , " he once told m e , " a n d with all o u r best plans coming o u t perfectly, all I can hope for is t o keep Egypt f r o m slipping b a c k w a r d s . " This was w h e n , according t o American e c o n o m i c e x p e r t s , Egypt needed some $1 billion a year in hard c u r r e n c y , and the U.S. State D e p a r t m e n t was offering Nasser $ 4 0 million. " I F N A S S E R WOULD only stick t o Egypt and leave the rest of the Arab world a l o n e , " f o r m e r Secretary of State J o h n Foster Dulles used to say, " w e would give

"IT SEEMS TO m e , " a senior associate told Dulles, " w e should give Nasser credit for being at least as intelligent as Pavlov's dog."

And he was. Nasser began t o hint that he might turn to the Soviets, and we raised our o f l e r to $ 1 0 0 million. T h e n , being somewhat smarter than Pavlov's dog, he began t o sharpen his hints and actually t o take some Soviet aid.

The rest is history. Everyone k n o w s h o w Secretary Dulles withdrew his o f f e r of aid for the Aswan Dam and how Nasser immediately got what he needed from the Russians. What is not generally known is that once the U.S. government observed Nasser's new c h u m m i n e s s with the Soviets, it j u m p e d right into the c o m p e t i t o n and began to o f f e r greater a m o u n t s of aid than ever b e f o r e .

LEBANESE PRESIDENT Camille Chamoun was quick t o spot the lesson. him all the aid he w a n t s . " But Nasser was " O u r difficulty in getting aid f r o m t h e programmed to observe U.S. actions, not United S t a t e s , " he once told m e , "is that words. we aren't very good at being anti-AmeriThe United States was then giving him can. Perhaps I can get President Nasser t o aid and showing him deference to the show me h o w , " he said facetiously. e x t e n t to which he was influential throughC h a m o u n k n e w , as any of Nasser's out the Arab world and manifested a closest friends k n e w , that the Egyptian capability of making a nuisance of h i m s e l f ^ leader was never seriously anti-American, When his behavior was not t o our liking, not a n y h o w until the U.S. government we rewarded him. When he did as we d r o p p e d o u t of the c o m p e t i t o n and wished, we forgot him. became unreservedly pro-Israel.

SAUDI ARABIA Strait of Tiran

Nasser biography: the Arabs' hero

Frustration and humiliation were painful to Nasser Editor's Note: Miles Copeland, f o r m e r

i

U.S. d i p l o m a t and a u t h o r of " T h e G a m e of N a t i o n s , " had been a close friend of t h e late Gamal Abdel Nasser since 1953, when Copeland first served as a c o n s u l t a n t t o t h e Egyptian g o v e r n m e n t . He still visits Egypt every t w o m o n t h s and held day-long talks with t h e Egyptian president in April.

By Miles Copeland ( A P ) "Israel is a c o u n t r y of t w o million p e o p l e , " the late President Nasser told me recently, " a n d we are a c o u n t r y of 3 0 million. " F O R I S R A E L T O to able t o fly its airplanes over Cairo any time it w a n t s is as humiliating t o me as it would be t o you if the C u b a n s were able to tly over Washington and y o u r armed forces were powerless to stop t h e m . " .

Humiliation. This was the feeling which was particularly painful to Nasser, and u p t o the day of his death it was the o n e most on his m i n d .

Next t o f r u s t r a t i o n , that is.

IN^ S E P T E M B E R

1969, Israeli raiders

(AP) Gamal Abdel Nasser, the most i m p o r t a n t Arab statesman to emerge in m o d e r n times, died in Cairo of a heart attack last Monday with his dream of uniting the Arab world behind him unfulfilled.

T H E DAY B E F O R E he died, he had shepherded an agreement between J o r d a n ' s King Hussein and Arab guerrilla leader Yasir Arafat to end J o r d a n ' s bloody civil war - a conflict that t h r e a t e n e d international intervention.

Hussein

had signed in

WHEN D E A T H C A M E at the age of 5 2 , Nasser could point t o the giant Soviet-built Aswan Dam as a m a j o r achievement for Egypt's struggling industry and impoverished farmers. At the same time, his c o u n t r y was b a n k r u p t f r o m 2 0 years of battling Israel. ll was the Arab-Israeli war of 1948 that led Nasser to plot the downfall of Egypt's King F a r o u k . Nasser, w h o risked a court martial to go t o the battlefield, was so incensed at the i n c o m p e t e n c e of the Egyptian a r m y and its miserable e q u i p m e n t , that he and other officers created their " F r e e O f f i c e r s " m o v e m e n t against the t h r o n e .

IN 1952, T H E y o u n g o f f i c e r s moved in

the e x t e n t of inducing him to cancel a n u m b e r of dismissals, and t o agree in the f u t u r e t o accept their " a d v i c e " on p r o m o tions, assignments a n d transfers.

At the same time Nasser suffered a heart attack then described as a severe case of influenza. His d o c t o r s advised him that his life e x p e c t a n c y would be short unless he agreed t o cut down his working day f r o m the usual 14 h o u r s t o a reasonable f o u r or five.

sons, working 2 0 h o u r s a day to rebuild

U.S. Secretary of State William P. Rogers, it appeared that Nasser had simply begun t o let things slide.

THE WORLD WILL never k n o w h o w Nasser really felt a b o u t the Rogers initiative, or the possibility of peace with Israel.

1967, when Israel's air force and shock t r o o p s shattered the Egyptian army in a six-day war that left the Israelis stationed along the Suez.

i n t o the name.

and

minister. Nasser lived in a modest bungalow with his w i f e , two d a u g h t e r s and three

By the time of the peace initiative by

Nasser's most devastating defeat came in

that Nasser August.

of senior Egyptian army officers reacted by partly c u r b i n g Nasser's power, at least t o

must have been terribly frustrating.

the Aswan Dam.

aged the guerrillas t o increase their war against Israel despite a cease-fire with Israel

But even t h e n , the agreement encour-

and

tactics rather than strategy, the expe ri en ce

Israelis w i t h d r e w . The Russians followed their diplomatic success with aid to build

HE R E S I G N E D " c o m p l e t e l y and forf o r e v e r , " but agreed to return to power when thousands of hysterical Egyptians poured

struck deep i n t o Egyptian territory and for an e n c o r e kidnaped a radar base. A group

SINCE T H E N N A S S E R had been trying to o p e r a t e in a sort of chairman of the board c a p a c i t y . To one whose style was

IN R A R E U N I S O N , the United States and the Soviet Union both d e n o u n c e d the invasion and the British, French and

Farouk

was o u t .

street

shouting

By World War 11, Nasser was a c a p t a i n , attached t o British forces that scored the victory at El Alamein in 1942.

When the Palestine war e r u p t e d following Israeli's i n d e p e n d e n c e in 1948, he resigned his commission and volunteered for the f r o n t . The resignation was refused, but Nasser went to Palestine a n y w a y . It was there that he and the other frustrated Egyptians organized the move that drove Farouk f r o m the t h r o n e .

his

He grew noticeably m o r e s t o o p e d , however, and his smile lost some of its dazzle. He played less tennis but c o n t i n u e d his daily walks.

IN 1968 HE WENT to the Soviet Union for medical treatm e n t . He returned to Moscow last June and he spent 19 days of J u n e and July there discussing Middle East affairs with Soviet leaders.

Nasser's drive for Arab unity had to carry with it the burden of his military ambitions.

Gen. Mohammed

Naguib, an old soldier, was n a m e d prime

Egypt according pattern. .

In

November

to

his

1954,

revolutionary Nasser

pushed

Naguib out and t o o k over the premiership, still only 3 6 years old and c o n f i d e n t .

T H A T C O N F I D E N C E was shattered a year later when the Israelis swept across

He sponsored t w o s u m m i t conferences seeking pan-Arab u n i t y , b u t both failed the K h a r t o u m meeting in 1967 and the 1969 c o n f e r e n c e in R a b a t , Morocco.

T H E R E WERE P L O T S against him and o n e of his closest friends. Field Marshall

N A S S E R P R O C L A I M E D a new constitution in J a n u a r y 1956, and six m o n t h s later he was chosen president with 9 9 percent of the vote.

Abdel Hakim Amer, and 5 0 officers were arrested in 1967 for planning his downfall.

Eighteen years of d e f e a t , crisis and frustration drew its toll and a year ago, Nasser told a political rally he was tired o f his j o b .

was t o be humiliated by the Israelis d e f e a t s that w o u l d have driven most Arab politicians i n t o the shadows.

I N S T E A D , N A S S E R turned to the Soviet Union for help, k e p t tight control over the local C o m m u n i s t s , and proclaimed "positive n e u t r a l i t y . "

Cairo a n n o u n c e d a f t e r the arrests that Amer c o m m i t t e d suicide by poison.

E G Y P T H A D E N J O Y E D "years of g l o r y " since the o v e r t h r o w of F a r o u k , he

Nasser was born J a n . 15, 1918, in a village in u p p e r Egypt, the son of a postal

said, but " f o r myself, I consider each year was the equivalent of 10 years of e f f o r t and constructive w o r k . "

In 1956, in a daring move that threatened an international f a c e - d o w n , Nasser nationalized the Suez Canal. An Israeli blitz swept across the Sinai desert while

HE WAS J A I L E D in 1 9 3 5 , and rejoined the rebels when he got o u t . Nasser was p e r m i t t e d t o enter military college in 1937 and left a year later with a second lieuten-

F ren ch and British t r o o p s seized Port Said.

a n t ' s commission.

the Gaza strip, w h i p p i n g the Egyptians soundly.

It was the first of three times his army

T*

•if

—/

clerk. He w e n t to Cairo for schooling and at 17 was active in the revolt against the British w h o ruled the Suez Canal.

In his b o o k , Nasser w r o t e :

"Egypt's

Liberation,"

" F o r some reason it seems that within the Arab circle there is a role wandering aimlessly in search of a h e r o . " F o r millions of Arabs, that role belonged t o Nasser for 18 years.

%

Page 8

O c t o ber 5, 1970

Hope College anchor

Agnew blasts Commission's

First major test

Voting rights bill upheld \

report on campus unrest (AP) Vice President Spiro T. Agnew assailed the Presidential Commission on C a m p u s Unrest Tuesday, saying its failure to blame disrupters and their apologizcrs "will be taken as more pablum lor the permissiveness."

IN THE STRONGEST / criticism of the report yet from the Nixon administration. Agnew said it is "imprecise, contradictory and equivocal." Aides said- the vice president's views did not necessarily represent the viewpoint of the White Mouse, which has not yet c o m m e n t e d .

Agnew's attack on the report came in a speech prepared for a Republican luncheon in South Dakota, first slop on a three-day campaign trip by Agnew.

IN DISCUSSING the Scranton commission report, Agnew d e n o u n c e d what he called " t h e self appointed interpreters and translators on the commission, and within the n a t i o n ' s 'academic journalistic c o m p l e x ' , w h o rushed before t h e cameras t o sell us what it said." " F i r s t , " he said, " t h e American people have been led by this truncated and distorted report to believe that the primary need for restoration of order on the American c a m p u s is for the President of the United States t o exercise greater moral leadership. " T H I S IS AN U N F A I R , outrageous and unacceptable charge to m a k e against the President, who has time and again spoken o u t in defense of dissent-time and again spoken out in unequivocal c o n d e m n a t i o n of violence and

SPIRO T. AGNEW disorder wherever it o c c u r s , " Agnew a d d e d . " T h e second conclusion of the contrived second report - the one purveyed by press and America is that s o m e h o w , because there is a war going o n , and because there are r e m n a n t s of injustice and racism and poverty in America there is, therefore, some explanation or justification for antisocial conduct a n d disorders by disaffected s t u d e n t s , " Agnew declared, adding: " T h i s is totally false and utterly u n a c c e p t a b l e . " As for the broad report itself, Agnew praised its " u n e q u i v o c a l stand against violence and its historical analysis into the background of u n r e s t . "

SCHOOL SUPPLY AND GREETING CARD CENTER

(AP) A new law lowering the voting age to 18 has passed its first major legal test less than three weeks b e f o r e a key challenge is heard by. the Supreme Court.

IN A SUIT brought by five New Yorkers against Atty. Gen. J o h n N. Mitchell and New York's Board of Elections, a three-judge federal court in Washington upheld Friday the constitutionality of the 1970 Voting Rights Act, including the 18-year-old vote provision.

The Supreme Court holds a hearing Oct. 1() on a suit brought by nine states a t t e m p t i n g t o overturn the 18-year-old-vote statute approved by Congress earlier in the year.

THE HIGH COURT is expected t o rule on the question during its fall term which starts Monday. The three-judge panel rejected arguments of the New Yorkers against all provisions of the Voting Rights Act, including a nationwide ban on literacy tests, residency requirements for voting in presidential elections, and extending the 1965 Voting Rights Act. In affirming Congress' decision to change the voting age by a simple act rather than a constitutional a m e n d m e n t , the three judges resolved a conflict between t w o sections of the 14th Amendm e n t t o the Constitution.

THE J U D G E S F A V O R E D the section guaranteeing all citizens equal protection of the laws over another section which mentions 21 years as the voting age.

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But the section in which the 21-year limit appears basically provides for a reduction in congressional representation by states which denied the right to a vote to citizens, the judges said.

T H U S , THEY concluded, t h e 14th Amendment does not limit Congress f r o m lowering the voting age since, they said, t h e framers did not make clear whether 21 was the legal age limit for voting.

The judges also said denying the right to vote to citizens between 18 and 21 constitutes an

invidious discrimination in violation of the 14th A m e n d m e n t ' s equal-protection clause.

A TEAM O F Justice Department lawyers handled the case for Mitchell, while Sen. Edward M. Kennedy , D-Mass., a chief sponsor of the voting rights a m e n d m e n t s , and the Youth Franchise Coalition joined in filing friend-of-thecourt briefs.

Declaring the law constitutional were Court of Appeals Judges David L. Bazelon and George E. MacKinnon and U.S. Dist. Court Judge William B. Bryant..

Nixon orders temp, draft extension (AP) President Nixon ordered Wednesday a three-month e x t e n sion of the draft liability of men who e n t e r the 1970 draft pool with lottery n u m b e r s already reached by their local boards.

THE SELECTIVE Service System, announcing Nixon's executive order, said it would a f f e c t only "relatively small numbers of registrants."

Men with n u m b e r s not called during 1970 - boards t h r o u g h o u t the nation have been limited to n u m b e r s no higher than 195 so far will, as previously planned, move into a lower priority in 1971. T o d a y ' s order does not affect t h e m .

IT DOES, H O W E V E R , a f f e c t any man who loses a d e f e r m e n t o r exemption and becomes 1-A during 1970, after his local board has called lottery n u m b e r s as high as the o n e he holds.

Many boards have already gone back t o calling lower numbers as f o r m e r s t u d e n t s and others with low n u m b e r s became available.

Without Wednesday's order, a man entering the pool late, with a number between the highest one previously reached and the ones currently being called, might have escaped t h e draft this year.

T H A T WOULD HAVE foiled one of the main aims of the lottery system instituted last December - to call men by the numbers, insuring fairness to all.

Nixon now has ordered that such men will be given top priority for d r a f t calls during t h e first three m o n t h s of 1971.

IF ANY REMAIN u n d r a f t e d by that time, they will join their 1970 colleagues in the secondpriority pool, leaving first priority to the new " p r i m e " group which was assigned lottery n u m b e r s last July 1.

But d r a f t spokesmen said they do not expect to have enough " i n - b e t w e e n " men to fill three m o n t h s of d r a f t calls, much less have any left over.

They were unable t o estimate how m a n y would be a f f e c t e d .

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October 5, 1970

Hope College anchor

Page 9

Jackson State report

White police blamed in killings

JIMI H E N D R I X â&#x20AC;&#x201D; A well-known guitarist and hard-rock singer of such favorites as "Purple H a z e , " is r e p o r t e d to have died by s u f f r o c a t i o n .

Pathologist labels Hendrix death a suffocation (AP) Jimi Hendrix, the American guitarist and pop singer w h o pioneered electronic innovations, died of suffocation, a pathologist told a coroner's court last Monday.

THE C O R O N E R , ruling there wasn't enough evident t o justify a verdict of suicide, returned an open verdict. This m e a n t the coroner could not decide why t h e 27-year-old pop star died.

Pathologist Donald Teare testified that Hendrix died f r o m choking on the vomit of barbiturate poisoning Sept. 18.

HENDRIX1 GIRL friend, German ice skater Monika Danneman, 23, told the c o u r t that nine of her sleeping tablets were missing.

Hendrix had been taken to the hospital f r o m her L o n d o n apartm e n t . One-half tablet was a normal dosage, Teare said. " T H E Q U E ST I O N why he t o o k so many sleeping tablets c a n n o t be safely answered," said Coroner Gavin T h u r s t o n . T h e singer left n o note, he said.

Miss Danneman, blonde and costumed in a black maxidress, wept as she told the court of the last hours Hendrix lived. She said that a b o u t 2 a.m. Hendrix had t o visit some people in a n o t h e r apartment. " I D R O P P E D HIM off there and picked him up an hour later, just a f t e r 3 , " she testified. " H e said that he t o o k cannabis (marijuana) at that flat.

"The last time we were talking," she said, dabbing at tears with her handkerchief, "was about 7 a.m." *MISS DANNEMAN said Hendrix was tired out by London performances he had been making since January. She said he had been taking strong sleeping pills but denied he had been taking hard drugs regularly.

She added that he had tried them " f o r the e x p e r i e n c e " and had smoked marijuana at her flat. " B E F O R E I went t o sleep," she said, " h e was very h a p p y . " Hendrix' t o u r manager, Jeremy Stickells, testified that Hendrix sometimes used a m p h e t a m i n e s and sleeping tablets, but " t o my knowledge there were n o hard drugs."

Teare said the a m o u n t of barbiturate in Hendrix's blood, as measured in an autopsy, was not sufficient in itself to cause death.

THE P A R T C H E R O K E E and part Negro p o p star's death attracted wide a t t e n t i o n a m o n g y o u t h s and music fans in Britain, where Hendrix got his start to musical prominence and where his reputation was probably higher than it was at h o m e in t h e United States.

British fans largely ignored his f l a m b o y a n t stage mannerisms and concentrated on his music.

Hendrix was regarded here as one of the most accomplished of the pop scene musicians and a major musical influence.

CONCERNING POLICE atti(AP) White policemen who fired a killing barrage of bullets ' tudes toward the demonstrators, the report said: into a crowd of chanting Jackson "A significant cause of the State College students were condeaths and injuries at Jackson fident they would not be punishState College is the confidence of ed, the President's Commission on white officers that if they fire Campus Unrest has concluded. weapons during a black campus THE PANEL FOUND the disturbance, they will face neither deaths of two students and the wounding of 12 others May 14 stern departmental discipline nor criminal prosecution or conwere rooted in an "unreasonable, ,, viction." unjustified ove^reaction by DESPITE CONFLICTING police. claims of sniper fire from a dormiThe report, released Thursday, tory, the commission said, "even drew only limited early response in Mississippi. Gov. John Bell Wil- if we were to assume two shots were fired from a window in the liams and Jackson Mayor Russell west wing of Alexander Hall, the Davis said they wanted to read it 28-second fusillade in response before commenting. Atty. Gen. A. F. Summer said, "My statement . was clearly u n w a r r a n t e d . " Police claimed they were when they came here was that it shooting in self-defense.

Some had all the appearance of being a later denied firing at all. City kangaroo court. police who denied a role in the "NOTHING HAS happened to shootings "established a pattern change my m i n d . " he waid. of deceit," the commission said, Warner B u x t o n , president of the Student Government Associa- noting FBI tests showing their weapons had been fired. tion at the nearly all-black school, EVIDENCE G A T H E R E D durpraised the report, but expressed ing the commission's visit to Jacklittle hope it would bring changes son also showed police fired blindto law e n f o r c e m e n t in Mississippi.

ly into the crowd of between 75 and 2 0 0 persons, the commission said. Police who admitted shooting at , all told the commission they either fired into the air or towards windows in the dormitory where they said the snipers were spotted.

Racial tension and hatred on both sides played a major role in the tragedy, it said. " O F THE 65 law officers in front of the dormitory, two were black - they did not s h o o t , " the report said. "Racial animosity on the part of white police officers was a substantial contributing factor in the deaths and injuries."

Students who demonstrated for two days in the wake of the shootings of four Kent State students and the Cambodian invasion hurled rocks and bottles at police.

Officers were frequently subjected to obscene remarks including shots of "pigs," the commission said.

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THE COMMISSION'S conclusions about Jackson State were released five days after its major recommendations on unrest and violence on the nation's campuses were delivered to President Nixon.

Still to come is another special report on Kent State University where four students died f r o m National Guard bullets 10 days before the Jackson State killings.

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Page 10

October 5, 1970

Hope College anchor

Mclntire leads march

Campus unrest report greeted by cynicism (AP) A presidential task force's multi-edged fault finding for campus violence has been greeted with much of the indifference and cynicism the panel indicated is reflected in student unrest.

WHETHER THE President can or will take the moral leadership the nine-member task force called for brought divided thoughts in a check of campuses and officials.

"Nixon appointed this commission to pacify the public, not to listen to it," was the reaction from a University of California student, John Emshwiller, a 20-year-old self-described moderate.

A SLIGHTLY MORE positive reaction, but one still tinged with skepticism, came from William O'Neill, professor of American history at the University of Wisconsin where one person was killed in an explosion.

4 The commission soundly recommended steps to isolate the small, hardcore of totally dissatisfied radicals from the infinitely larger number of sympathizers," O'Neill said. "But presidents appoint commissions t o satisfy critics, not to provide action programs."

THERE WAS, of course, much positive reaction. From Dan Evanson, a University of Georgia student: "If the commission's recom-

/%

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Ay, wije ah sentjrom rally (AP) Win-the-war marchers paraded their Vietnam victory banners down Pennsylvania Avenue Saturday. The Rev. Carl Mclntire led the way, a victory chant on his lips and a Bible under his arm.

mendations are followed, the situation could improve appreciably."

From Clark Kerr, the former president of the University of California and now chairman of the Carnegie Commission on Higher Education: "I think it's easily the best report on the subject that's been made . . . " IN ADDITION TO the need for a greater presidential moral and leadership role, the commission f o u n d : "Law enforcement officers have too o f t e n reacted ineptly or overreacted. At times, their response has degenerated into uncontrolled violence."

This point came up Sunday, the day after the report was issued, when two panel members said the killings of students last year at Kent State University in Ohio and Jackson Slate College in Mississippi were without justification.

HARVARD UNIVERSITY junior Joseph Rhodes Jr., and New Haven, Conn., police Chief James Ahem said the commission said there was no sufficient provocation on either campus to use deadly force.

Rhodes said there was "a remarkable, incredible lack of concern for human life of black p e o p l e " at the mostly Negro Mississippi school.

U.S. PARK POLICE estimated the crowd at Mclntire's Washington Monument victory rally at 15,000 to 20,000 people.

The crowd was only a fraction of the 500,000 people Mclntire had estimated would rally in support of a win-the-war policy in Vietnam and a crusade against Communism everywhere.

Mclntire himself claimed there were 250,000 people on hand.

THE FUNDAMENTALIST radio preacher had hoped to present South Vietnamese Vice President Nguyen Cao Ky as the featured performer at a Washington Monument rally, but he was absent. Ky did send a statement declaring his people "determined t o stand firm in face of C o m m u n ist aggression."

Ky's wife, second choice as a stand-in, didn't make it either.

The Ky message was read by Tran Khoa Hoc, second secretary of the South Vietnamese embassy.

"MY WORDS HERE today are the words of the Vietnamese people who are determined to fulfill their aspirations for peace in free-

TWO MONTHS f REE.

dom and who hope to have the continued assistance of th^ American people and of other peoples in the world who cherish peace and f r e e d o m , " the Ky message said.

The South Vietnamese vice president said he would have come himself but for indications that his appearance might stir unrest and violence. There was in fact little trouble at the rally; only a few minor skirmishes between marchers in hard hats and youthful counter-demonstrators. One group of men in plastic hard hats took a North Vietnamese flag away from a long-haired y o u t h and burned it.

WASHINGTON POLICE said a b o u t 25 people were arrested for disorderly conduct as a result of incidents at the rally. Mclntire said President Nixon "is responsible himself for the strategy that is keeping Mr. Ky f r o m speaking to u s . " He also said Secretary of State William P. Rogers tried to block the Ky visit.

American flags fluttered in the warm October sunlight. There were Confederate flags, t o o , and the banners of Christianity and of Nationalist China.

ONE RANK OF MARCHERS carried a curb-to-curb banner: '"God Bless America, land that I love, stand beside her and guide her."

The march itself was apparently trouble-free. About a dozen young war protesters were escorted to the sidewalk when they tried to crowd in at the head of the procession.

Police broke up two skirmishes, each involving about a dozen people, and led away three of the demonstrators. Mclntire thanked the police for stopping what he described as a band of hippies, and told his supporters to leave them alone.

Campus reactions relate to school admission policies (AP) America's entry into Cambodia and the Jackson and Kent State shootings produced the most intense reaction on colleges and universities with the highest academic admission policies, a survey by the Carnegie Commission on Higher Education concluded today.

The commission said a nationwide survey of 2,551 college and university presidents, with 73 per cent responding, showed a "quite striking" relationship between schools' admission standards and campus turbulence last spring.

The commission said colleges and universities that admit freshmen from the top 10 per cent of high school classes had more reaction than schools with open admission policies. The study made no c o m m e n t on this finding.

The commission said the reaction was most intense, in descending order, in the Northeast, the Pacific states, the Midwest, the Mountain states and the Southeast.

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by Eileen Verduin "I was b o r n in H u d s o n v i l l e , y o u s e e , " B r u c e Struik e x p l a i n e d with o n e of his slightly- c r o o k e d grins, " a n d when you come f r o m a repressed place like t h a t , y o u do e v e r y t h i n g possible in y o u r life to m a k e up f o r i t ! " P E R H A P S T H A T not-so-noble beginning is what g e n e r a t e d in him the e n t h u s i a s m necessary to t r a n s f o r m a stagnant c o m m u n i t y c o n c e r n g r o u p of 35 m e m b e r s i n t o t h e active and e x p a n d i n g Higher H o r i z o n s program presently in o p e r a t i o n , and to achieve the s t a t u s of "Big-Brother M a n " on school playgrounds all over Holland.

That beginning might also account for the imaginative r e s o u r c e f u l n e s s Struik c o n j u r e s up to deal with any e x p e r i e n c e he is p r e s e n t e d w i t h , as well as his o p e n readiness to b e c o m e a friend to e v e r y o n e he meets.

T H I S IS S T R U I K S f i f t h year on H o p e ' s c a m p u s as d i r e c t o r of the Higher H o r i z o n s program. He

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S&r—-• "It's so quiet, it takes you a week just to get used to the quietness!"

still shakes his head a little w h e n looking back o n the c o n d i t i o n s he was p r e s e n t e d with at t h e onset of his career.

"I spent a b o u t t w o weeks just looking f o r some place to set up an o f f i c e . T h e n I had t o go o u t and find s o m e m o n e y f o r my first m o n t h ' s salary. My work consisted of a list of a b o u t 4 0 families whose p r o b l e m s I was to eliminate with a "shape-up or else" a p p r o a c h , and o n c e this was a c c o m p l i s h e d , a New Jerusalem was s u p p o s e d to emerge in t h e city of H o l l a n d . " T H I N G S HAVE b e c o m e a little more organized since t h e n : " I n the existing Higher Horizons program, we try to e m p h a size the establishment of a concerned and u n d e r s t a n d i n g relationship b e t w e e n under-privileged kids and the college s t u d e n t s , " Bruce e x p l a i n e d . "If we were to expect the s t u d e n t to serve as a psychologist, a t e a c h e r , or a social w o r k e r , f r u s t r a t i o n would result, while the child could b e c o m e merely a case n u m b e r . Instead, we simply ask the college s t u d e n t to be a f r i e n d . " O F C O U R S E , " he c o n t i n u e d , "every o n c e in a while, a s t u d e n t c o m e s in here w h o t h i n k s h e ' s s o m e kind of white knight w h o ' s going to c o n q u e r all t h e p r o b l e m s of the world. We try to set him straight a little b e f o r e we let him loose on the kids," Struik grinned.

Having experienced at t h e age of 10 the loss of his f a t h e r . Struik recalls h o w a f o o t b a l l c o a c h ' s friendship helped to alleviate t h e hollowness he o f t e n f e l t . It is this f r i e n d l y spirit which Higher Horizons a t t e m p t s to d u p l i c a t e by emphasizing a friendship of humane concern.

ONE OF S T R U I K S favorite stories involves his c o n f r o n t a t i o n with a six f o o l , 2 0 0 - p o u n d adolescent w h o s t o r m e d into his o f f i c e d e m a n d i n g a Big Brother i m m e d iately, claiming he had been putting his n a m e and address on a list for three years and t h o u g h t it was a b o u t t i m e for some a c t i o n . "It was my first c o n t a c t with violence on t h e j o b , " Struik laughed, " a n d believe me, I got on the phonefast!"

When asked h o w m u c h time he d e v o t e s to his j o b , Struik replied f a c e t i o u s l y , "Psychologically or o t h e r w i s e ? My wife ( H o p e graduate Sheryl Schellenberg S t r u i k )

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7 was born in Hudsonville, you see, and when you come from a repressed place like that, you do everything possible in your life to make up for it!" w o u l d p r o b a b l y claim 1 put in 24 or 25 h o u r s a d a y . " BUT SOMEHOW Struik f i n d s t i m e f o r an interesting personal life. O n e of the p r o j e c t s he e n j o y s discussing is the c o n s t r u c t i o n of a 24 by 3 2 - f o o t house on Beaver Island. "1 agree with F r a n k Lloyd W r i g h t - a house should be a part of t h e e n v i r o n m e n t . So I went o u t and picked u p a b o u t 6 5 , 0 0 0 p o u n d s of stones, b o r r o w e d s o m e p l a n k s f r o m the old M o r m o n b a r n s in t h e area, and started to build my h o u s e , " Struik explained.

Since t h e n , the island has b e c o m e a favorite spot for stud e n t s , f r i e n d s and f a m i l y , due to S t r u i k ' s inability to suppress t h e

urge to e x t e n d an o p e n invitation to a n y o n e w h o listens t o his description of t h e site. " M a n , y o u can really get a w a y up t h e r e , " he m u s e d . " I t ' s so quiet, it takes y o u a week just to get used to the quietness!"

TRAVELING HAS always been one of Str uik's . f avor ite activities. After c o m p l e t i n g his s o p h o m o r e year at H o p e , - h e and a friend spent a year as v a g a b o n d s in western E u r o p e . "We spent t w o poverty-striken weeks in Amsterdam living o f f the Heineken brewery. We went' on their t o u r every day just to get the free crackers and cheese and b e e r . " It was while subsisting u n d e r these c o n d i t i o n s that Struik and his friend were mistaken for nat-

v

ives by t w o direction-seeking American coeds. In t h e most b r o k e n accent possible, Struik resp o n d e d t o their inquiry with the m o m e n t o u s words, "I t'ink it b e t t e r we show y o u j a ? " F o r three days we had t h o s e girls convinced we were D u t c h , " Bruce recalled. " T h e y t o o k us e v e r y w h e r e , bought us meals and actually believed all t h e wild stories we told t h e m . " AT T H I S POINT S t r u i k ' s secretary e m e r g e d with t h e words, " A r e y o u anchor people still here?" " Y e a , why d o n ' t you get out of h e r e - y o u g u y s really h u r t , " Bruce s m i r k e d . " O h , by t h e w a y , we'll be going u p to the island in a few weeks if y o u ' r e interested ..."

Pornography study calls for end to censorship laws (AP) Discounting fears that p o r n o g r a p h y c o r r u p t s e i t h e r individual A m e r i c a n s or t h e n a t i o n ' s moral c l i m a t e , a divided Presidential C o m m i s s i o n on P o r n o g r a p h y has called f o r repeal of most U.S. a d u l t c e n s o r s h i p laws.

THE COMMISSION'S report r e c o m m e n d s state laws against e x p o s i n g children t o s m u t or p u t ting it o n public display - but n o ban o n w r i t t e n erotica in either case - and a mass sex e d u c a t i o n program partly to b l u n t . the

p u b l i c ' s taste for perverted sex information.

The final r e p o r t was released Wednesday.

The f i n d i n g that p o r n o g r a p h y does n o t cause sex crimes is m o d i fied, a p p a r e n t l y at least in part because of statistics s h o w i n g an increase in rape arrests since an increase in erotica in the United States BUT T H E R E P O R T still says extensive investigation has " f o u n d n o evidence to date t h a t e x p o s u r e

Agnew refutes findings of Pornography comm. ( A P ) Vice President Spiro T. A g n e w says t h e n a t i o n has suffered an " e r o s i o n of d e c e n c y " which is a b e t t e d by t h e philoso p h y of "radical l i b e r a l s . " C o m p l e t i n g the final leg of a Western c a m p a i g n swing, Agnew d i s o w n e d t h e r e p o r t Wednesday of the C o m m i s s i o n o n O b s c e n i t y a n d P o r n o g r a p h y , w h i c h suggested repeal of a n t i - s m u t laws. " N o sir, y o u r h o n o r , i t ' s n o t o u r b a b y , " t h e vice p r e s i d e n t said at a F u n d raising d i n n e r in Salt Lake City.

"As long as Richard N i x o n is President, Main Street is n o t going to turn i n t o Smut Alley." Agnew noted that ail but o n e member had been appointed by the Johnson administration.

"We have been told there is n o proof t h a t p o r n o g r a p h y and salac i o u s l i t e r a t u r e have a p e r n i c i o u s e f f e c t on an i n d i v i d u a l , " he said. " B u t if a m a n ' s c h a r a c t e r is u n a f f e c t e d by the lurid a n d n a s t y , t h e n he m u s t also be i m p e r v i o u s to a n y i n f l u e n c e of w o r k s regarded as b e a u t i f u l a n d e n n o b ling."

S h o r t l y a f t e r his arrival in Salt Lake. City, Agnew addressed a street rally in f r o n t of the Morm o n T e m p l e , and was greeted by a b o u t 2 , 5 0 0 s u p p o r t e r s a n d several h u n d r e d c h a n t i n g dissenters.

A g n e w d e p a r t e d f r o m his t e x t t o advise t h e d e m o n s t r a t o r s t o stick t o t h e i r o p i n i o n s b u t t o " d o it w i t h y o u r minds, n o t w i t h y o u r butts."

t o explicit sexual material plays a significant role in the c a u s a t i o n of d e l i n q u e n t or criminal behavior a m o n g y o u t h or a d u l t s . " And it says t h e p o w e r f u l influences in t h e current flux in U.S. sexual values include ready availability of contraceptives, the changing A m e r i c a n w o m a n ' s role, increased e d u c a t i o n and mobility not t h e increase in p o r n o graphy.

THREE DISSENTING commissioners accused the c o m m i s sion m a j o r i t y of m a n i p u l a t i n g evidence and p r o p o s i n g m o r a l anarchy.

They recommended s t i f f e r a n t i - o b s c e n i t y laws, prosecu t i n g divisions in t h e J u s t i c e D e p a r t m e n t and s t a t e film censors h i p b o a r d s like Maryland's.

The recommendation for repeal of all 114 f e d e r a l and s t a t e laws against i m p o r t i n g , s h o w i n g or selling erotica t o a d u l t s was a p p r o v e d by 12 of the 18 c o m m i s sioners.

THEY SAID C E N S O R S H I P laws are so vague t h e y are unevenly e n f o r c e d a n d s o m e t i m e s used against legitimate material and are r e n d e r e d ineffective by a lack of public s u p p o r t .

T h e 12 also said " t h e r e is n o reason t o s u p p o s e " legalization w o u l d greatly alter t h e U.S. s m u t i n d u s t r y - which t h e y said is small - a n d c o n c l u d e d there is n o t e n o u g h evidence to c o n n e c t t h e i n d u s t r y with organized c r i m e .

"ON THE POSITIVE s i d e , " t h e r e p o r t says, " e x p l i c i t sexual m a t e r i a l s are sought as a s o u r c e of e n t e r t a i n m e n t by s u b s t a n t i a l n u m -

bers of A m e r i c a n adults. At times, these materials also a p p e a r t o serve to increase a n d facilitate constructive communication a b o u t sexual m a t t e r s within marriage."

Besides fears of n a t i o n a l moral d e c a y , the m a j o r i t y said, it considered c o n c e r n that legalization of p o r n o g r a p h y for a d u l t s w o u l d lead t o greater e x p o s u r e to children.

BUT IT SAID: " I t seems t o o wholly i n a p p r o p r i a t e t o a d j u s t t h e level of adult c o m m u n i c a t i o n to that considered suitable f o r children."

T h e commission said state laws against p o r n o g r a p h y f o r children are r e c o m m e n d e d because it is less c o n f i d e n t a b o u t evidence such material d o e s not h u r t t h e m , because t h e r e is a greater public c o n c e n s u s f o r such laws • and because it believes p a r e n t s should have c o n t r o l over w h a t their children see.

B U T IT SAID LAWS should c o v e f only graphically d e f i n e d o b s c e n e pictures because w r i t t e n material i n a p p r o p r i a t e for children is t o o difficult to d e f i n e .

F o r t h e same r e a s o n , the c o m mission said, laws against public display of o b s c e n e p i c t u r e s should not t r y to b a n dirty w o r d s . Such w o r d s are so c o m m o n l y used t h e y have lost their p o w e r t o s h o c k , the m a j o r i t y said.

A MASSIVE SEX e d u c a t i o n program f o r a d u l t s as well as c h i l d r e n , t h e r e p o r t says, should be aimed at establishing h e a l t h y a t t i t u d e s a b o u t sex as a n o r m a l

part of life and should allow f o r a range of sexual values, not try t o impose a single o r t h o d o x y .

T h e conclusion that t h e r e is n o evidence p o r n o g r a p h y plays a significant role in causing crime o r deviancy is t o n e d d o w n f r o m t h e f i n d i n g in an Aug. 2 d r a f t r e p o r t t h a t t h e r e is n o such ascertainable relationship.

BUT W H I L E CITING a 55 p e r c e n t increase in a d u l t r a p e arrests a n d 8 6 p e r c e n t rise in juvenile rape arrests since 1 9 6 0 , the r e p o r t says the data d o not indicate such a r elatio n sh ip because p o r n o g r a p h y has increased m o r e - and t h e rate f o r all sex crimes d r o p p e d 4 p e r c e n t f o r juveniles and increased only 18 percent f o r a d u l t s .

It also says sex crimes including rape have decreased 5 0 t o 6 0 p e r c e n t in D e n m a r k since the increase in e r o t i c a t h e r e .

"THE DATA, HOWEVER, do n o t conclusively disprove such a c o n n e c t i o n , " t h e r e p o r t says.

A line stricken f r o m t h e r e p o r t seen b y T h e Associated Press w e n t even f u r t h e r : " F o r the m o m e n t t h e q u e s t i o n of a r e l a t i o n s h i p between availability of e r o t i c materials a n d sex crimes m u s t r e m a i n o p e n t o f u r t h e r investigation." .

But t h e r e p o r t says in its o p e n i n g t h a t t h e c o m m i s s i o n is a w a r e t h a t o n such a controversial s u b j e c t its research will be challenged and that it hopes responsible scientific organizat i o n s will c o n t i n u e t h e research it has s t a r t e d .

Hope College anchor

October 5, 1970

Dutch defeat Hornets in first MIAA game F r e s h m a n : workhorse Greg Voss picked u p 214 yards in 4 7 slashing carries to lead Hope College to a 21-16 victory over Kala m a z o o College.

The Saturday victory helped avenge the loss s u f f e r e d last year and gives Hope a 1-0 c o n f e r e n c e record and a 2-2 record overall.

VOSS WAS NOT THE complete s t o r y . Q u a r t e r b a c k ( i r o y Kaper c o n n e c t e d nine times in attempts 95 yards two t o u c h d o w n s . Jim Lamer and Mark Meyer scored on the Kaper to«ses.

K.ipct seemed to have regained s o m e of his lost l o r m H o p e ' s d e f e n s e played a n o t h e r solid game they allowed Kaldowns

left in the q u a r t e r , when Kaper passed to Meyers for the score.

H o p e kicked o f f , K a z o o f u m b l e d , and Barry Brugger recovered on the 15. Voss then ran six consecutive times, scoring on a three yard plunge. H o p e ' s third scorelOf t h e half c a m e on a pass f r o m K l p e r t o Jim Lamer with 1:28 left in t h e first half.

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H intercepting three passes, turned in j spotty p e r f o r m a n c e Fhey were beaten In their man several times, but Hornet q u a r t e r b a c k Larry P f o f l failed to get the ball to his i n t e n d e d receiver.

K a l a m a z o o received the o p e n ing k i c k o f f and marched to H o p e ' s t h r e e yard line.

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I III HORNETS FINALLY scored on f o u r t h d o w n , regained t h e hall o n a Hope f u m b l e and advanced to the f i f t e e n . T h e y settled for a field goal as t h e Hope d e f e n s e held. The D u t c h scored their first t o u c h d o w n with 1:19

Lake Forest sends Hope Booters to defeat Fri.

s e c o n d half.

Flying D u t c h men gave the ball when a Kaper pass went awry and was i n t e r c e p t e d . Fhe hall e x c h a n g e d luinds until K a / o o ' s DeMonte J o h n s o n streaked 70 y a r d s on a Pfoff pass. K a z o o ' s a t t e m p t for thwarted Fed R y c e n g a . Kazoo failed to ' l , u nU)r^- t l ^ n k s to interceptions by Dave J o h n s o n and Doug S m i t h , and t h e game e n d e d H o p e , 2 1 , K a l a m a z o o , 16. ,r Hope ol tensive linemen Bart Merkle a n d Cierry Swierenga did a f o o d , o b at , h e t a c k l e sPotsC e n t e r Chris Hahn a n d g u a r d s Pete S e m e y n and Jell Winne o p e n e d u p several holes for Voss by e x e c u t i n g fine l i t r a p " blocking.

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NO G A I N — K a l a m a z o o Ball carrier Dave S a y e r s ( 3 4 ) is stopped cold

by T e d R y c e n g a , partially h i d d e n by S a y e r s with an assist f r o m Karl Nadolsky ( 6 0 ) in H o p e ' s victory S a t u r d a y over K a l a m a z o o College 21-16.

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