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Biography Antoni Gaudi was born in 1852 in Tarragona in a family of artisans. He was the first Gaudi in over four generations to leave the family tradition of metalworking. He moved to Barcelona in 1873 and began his architectural education at the Provincial School of Architecture. Although he did not have superior grades, he earned “excellent” marks in the courses of Trial drawings and Projects. Descriptions of “insane” and “genius” were used to talk about the artist.
As an architect, he was influenced by many things: medieval books, gothicstyle art, and organic shapes in nature..
Gaudi started the building of the Sagrada Familia in 1883, spending 43 years of his life working on this project. He also began Park Guell, and many other projects in Barcelona, Casa Batlló and La Pedrera are the most important.
On 7 June 1926 Gaudí was run over by a tram. He died three days later on 10 June 1926 at the age of 73. He was buried in the midst of La Sagrada Família.
Antoni Gaudí belonged to the Modernism movement and was famous for his unique style and highly individualistic designs. Modernism was the Catalan equivalent to a number of art movements, such as Symbolism, Decadence and Art Nouveau, from roughly 1888 to 1911.
Gaudí built most of his works in Barcelona but we can find some of his buildings in other parts of Catalonia and Spain. “Hotel Atraction” in New York was one of Gaudi’s projects, but he never started this building. “Sagrada Familia”, the most famous modernist building, isn’t finished yet.
Palau G眉ell
El Capricho (Cantabria)
Casa Batll贸
Church of Colonia G眉ell
Casa Botines (Le贸n)
Casa Vicens
This building, called Casa Milà, is more known by his Catalan name “La Pedrera” according to the surprising stony aspect of its front. It was built between1906-1910, being considered officially completed in 1912. It is located at Passeig de Gràcia in Barcelona. It was built for the married couple, Rosario Segimon and Pere Milà.
The big blocks of stone were carved in the same place of the construction giving them a rugose texture of natural stone. It hasn’t got load walls, not even in the front, which is an important innovation. It is supported on pillars and metallic girders, so without any problem, we could change all his interior distribution.
He adapted the curve formes of his fantasy in the terraces or roofs which are decorated by fragments of marble. There are chimneys in spiral form, the top part of them seem medieval helmets.
Casa Mila was in poor condition in the early 1980s but it has been restored. The building is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site “Works of Antoni Gaudi” and it is owned by Caixa Catalunya.
•“The Expiatory Temple of the Sagrada Familia”, known simply as the Sacred Family, is a great catholic temple of Barcelona, designed by the Catalan architect Antoni Gaudí. It started in 1882, and nowdays is still being built. It is Gaudí's masterpiece, and the maximum exponent of the modernist Catalan architecture. • The construction began in Neogothic style, but, on having assumed the project Gaudí in 1883, was completely restated. Gaudí became the architect with only 31 years, dedicating the rest of his life. •When the temple is finished, it will have 18 towers, 4 in every of the 3 façades and 6 on the center (one dedicated to Jesus, another 4 for the four evangelist and another one for the Verge). When Gaudí died, there was only one tower built.
•We can see that the catholic influence is very present in this church, there are a lot of scene about Jesus’ life.
The Three faรงades are: Faรงade of Hope:
Faรงade of Faith:
Faรงade of Charity:
Life Tree ,“Arbre de la vida”
Sagrada Familia at night.
ď‚— Park Guell was commissioned by Eusebi GĂźell who wanted to create a
stylish park for Barcelona aristocracy.
ď‚— The park contains amazing stone structures, stunning tiling and fascinating
buildings. You can see from this picture the Gaudi dragon fountain that is at the entrance to Guell park. This dragon is adorned in beautiful coloured tiling and there is something rather hypnotic and magical about it.
ď‚— Gaudi was strongly influenced by natural shapes and used them in his work.
ď‚— At the top of Guell park is a terraced area where you get a wonderful view of
the park and of Barcelona City. Here you will find multi-coloured tiled mosaic seats as shown in this picture. The vibrant colours of the tiles are truly breathtaking.
Park Guell also has a small house in the park which Gaudi lived in at one stage. The house has now been converted into a museum and contains interesting furniture also designed by Gaudi.
Information about the mountain ď‚— Montserrat's mountain is, according to the tradition, the most important and
mysterious mountain of Catalonia. It is situated in 50 km to the northwest of Barcelona . In this mountain it places the sanctuary and Benedictine monastery dedicated to the Verge of Montserrat.
ď‚— "Montserrat" literally means "serrated mountain" in Catalan. It describes the
peculiar aspect of the rock formation, which is visible from a great distance
The summit of Montserrat is called Sant
Jeroni (Saint Jerome) and stands at 1,236 meters above sea-level. It is accessible by hiking trails which connect from the top entrance to the Sant Joan funicular, the monastery, or the base of the mountain. In the knight’s symbology (blasones),
Montserrat appears like a gold mountain sawing the country. The abbey can be reached by road, or by
the Aeri de Montserrat cable car, or by the Montserrat Rack Railway.
Santa Maria de Montserrat is a Benedictine abbey located in the Montserrat mountain, in Monistrol de Montserrat, in Catalonia.
It hosts the Virgin of Montserrat, and the “Publicacions de l'Abadia de Montserrat�, a publishing house, the oldest press in the world, still running with the first book published in 1499.
The monastery is Catalonia's most important religious retreat and groups of young people from Barcelona and all over Catalonia make overnight hikes at least once in their lives to watch the sunrise from the heights of Montserrat.
Virgin of Montserrat(the black virgin), is Catalonia's favourite saint, and is located in the sanctuary of the Mare de Deu de Montserrat, next to the Benedictine monastery
The Basilica houses a museum with works of art by many prominent painters and sculptors including works by El Greco, DalĂ, Picasso and more.
Spirituality Since, according to the legend, the image of the Virgin was founded at the Holly Cave, and since the foundation of the monastery, Montserrat has been linked to spirituality. The mountain contains a high number of smaller deserted churches and chapels.
The Virgin is called "the Moreneta" for its dark color, it’s a Romanesque wood of the end of the twelfth century, and the color is the result of the transformation of the varnish in that long period of time.
Legend In 880, a Saturday evening, some shepherds saw how a great light was getting down from heaven, with a beautiful melody. The following Saturday, the vision was repeated. And, the following four Saturdays the priest of Olesa went with them to check that vision. The bishop, who was in Manresa, went to this place and saw a cave where they found the Holy Image. He proposed to move it to Manresa but it was so heavy that they couldn’t move. The bishop interpreted this was like a desire of the Virgin to remain there and he ordered to build a chapel.
Importance Great poets like Goethe and Schiller Federico wrote about the mountain. Montserrat became famous when Richard Wagner used this place to play
two of his operas, Parsifal and Lohengrin.
The festivity On 11th September 1844, Pope Leo XIII officially declared the Virgin of Montserrat as a patron of Catalonia. On the 27th of April people celebrate the Virgin of Montserrat Day. The celebration of the Eucharist is celebrated with numerous of events such as musical performances, sardanas dances, lectures and special psalms and canticles.