Finding the middle ground, Thaltej

Finding the middle ground : Thaltej, Ahmedabad V Sri Mallika Vyshnavi | PG181051

Urban Transformation Studio - UD4002 Instructors: Umesh Shrupali, Brijesh Bhatha Teaching Assistant: Pooja Raval The studio is an attempt to assess and deal with issues of urban villages engulfed by stereotypical urban development. City development plans often exclude these areas with an arbitrarily demarcated boundary with no vision to improve livability. In most cases, urban villages lack basic housing facilities and result in haphazard commercial & residential development in the absence of regulation enforcement. Often teaming with a multitude of community and cultural spaces, the villages rely on existing services on its periphery. Urban villages thus have always been treated as backyards of cities.

Against this background, the studio aims to sensitize students regarding urban villages as thriving urban systems and explore utilizing market forces to bring about positive change. Exploiting strong sense of community within the villages, the studio shall also focus on envisaging cohesive urban development that is equitable.

Students shall be required to take radical positions on how to bring change in these urban villages identified as illustrative cases.

The proposals would rethink the conventional ‘one size fits all’ pattern and shall identify categories and corresponding typological variations. Their proposals can consider catalysts such as transit, tourist, community, institutional developments etc. depending on an individual case to trigger desired changes. Eventually, the students shall carry out the exercise to derive guidelines, regulations and framework basis their proposals.

The site area ranges from 20-40 acres with a population between 5000 to 10000 people on an average.

Sites selected 1)ThaltejGam, Ahmedabad 2)MakarbaGam, Ahmedabad 3)HauzRani, Delhi

Urbanizing Urban Villages Urban Villages or Gamtals as a phenomenon occurs when the city engulfs and starts to grow around it. In the process, it fails to acknowledge the pre-existing fabric and ultimately confines it behind a red line. The trends and progression of an urban village have been consistent throughout the world, be it an ancient settlement in china or a degrading village in India, they have both been looked at as a hindrance in the city’s overall growth. The discussion starts with the idea to understand what do the residents and the city want from each other, the root cause for the disregard and what defines a space as urban.

The above graph is an abstract representation of the phenomenon- urban villages. It describes the process of how the village evolves first, development of the city later and the city’s schemes for the future. These development plans fail as they turn into brownfield interventions with multiple stakeholders in the case of gamtals, and that becomes the primary reason for the exclusion of gamtals from the city. They are confined to a line and allowed to densify within. This graph highlights the truth that both, the city and the gamtal are on the same side trying to progress but the hindsight schemes of the city fail to influence the gamtal thus leaving them behind. The design attempts to address this communication gap and aims to find a negotiable position between them.

The urban village in the discussion is Thaltej gam, a seed that started as Brahmanpura, an agrarian settlement along the Thaltej lake, and later evolved into this village with haphazard growth and gradual decay of its authentic fabric. The existing fabric shows Thaltej as a hub for affordable rental housing for migrants and students that can cater to the incessant need for housing. A further deeper reading of the site reveals the apparent segregation between communities in the gamtal and how they’ve all come together to stay apart.

The sense of belonging and values that tie the gamtal (Urban Village) together, weaken through generations and as a result development takes a haphazard tone disregarding its authenticity. Keeping this in mind, the design aims to strengthen and exploit the strong community values and use it as a tool for the way forward.

The following compilation is a study of the gamtal and the value system that shaped it. Starting with this, the report takes you through how the potentials of the site have been identified and built upon to gradually transform the village and create a more livable environment around it.

All graphics, maps and charts included in the portfolio have been drafted, rendered and generated by me and any foreign reference has been sourced and duly credited.

Reading the Site

08-21

Objectives

22-23

Case Studies

24-29

Vision

30-31

• • • •

• •

Communities Road Network Progression of Built Form Public places and Street Activities

Amphawa Community Summary and Learnings

Strategies Master Plan Level • Improving physical Infrastructure • •

32-53

Edge and Immediate Surroundings Ease of Movement

• Reinforcing the sense of Community • • •

Community Streets Clustering the communities Carved out Community Streets

Cluster Level Demonstration : Zooming in

54-71

Conclusion - The Transformation

72-77

Bibliography

78-79

• • • • • •

Communities have come together to stay apart - Social Segregation.

Impermeable and Narrow roads with a clear need for network.

Weakening sense of belonging causing a disregard towards the changing fabric.

Urban Villages are a hub for affordable housing options.

Religious landmarks as the anchor points in the village Streets are the only available and preferred interaction pockets.

500m Radius

Thaltej Lake

AMC Garden

SG H

igh wa y

Acropolis

Evolution

Brahmanpura adjacent to the tank Development and linkages with Improved Connections to the city TP Scheme till SG Highway and other villages

and proposal of SG Highway

Slum encroachment around lake.

Thaltej Village dates back to a thousand years when it started as a Brahmin settlement known as Brahmanpura. Their main occupation was farming, worshipping, cattle rearing. Then the Kshatriyas came from moorie region of Saurashtra and settled.

After 2000, when roads connected the village better to the city Acropolis Mall was constructed, acting as a major destination point for the city. Along with it came the SG Highway, giving rise to several commercial set-ups along the highway. The farmlands quickly disappeared to give way to residential and mixed-use buildings.

Introduction With a population density of 330ph and located less than 250mts from the SG Highway and opposite Thaltej lake, the site is well connected to the city and is rapidly growing with the upcoming infrstructure around it. Acropolis mall and other commercial settings along the SG highway add on to the commercial value of the site. Being an Urban Village, Thaltej comes with an existing need for better living conditions and an equitable way for capturing its growing land value.

Thaltej Lake across the Gamtal

SG Highway

Acropolis mall

Site Context 11| Urban Transformation Studio | PG181051

120 m

12| Urban Transformation Studio | PG181051

Community Mapping

Case A: Blank Wall as a seperator

A B

C

Private Enclosures Case B : Gate Enclosure to restrict movement

A B

C

Community Mapping

Case C : Horizontal Expansions creating cul-de-sacs

Starting with communities as the first layer of the study, the geographical mapping of different communities in the gamtal is done.

Readings: Communities have come together to stay apart.

A preliminary mapping of the settlements presents how the traces of the village growing from one single Brahmin community is still fully intact. As an attempt to reinforce their territoriality, there are very evident private interventions done along the social boundaries to limit the movement and communication between them.

The above map overlaps the community boundaries with the existing road network to create a better reading of the same.

The highlighted cases of A, B, C show how the communities have carved out spaces of their own taking away from the common good.

Communities

13| Urban Transformation Studio | PG181051

120 m

14| Urban Transformation Studio | PG181051

Road Network

Urban Blocks Smallest Urban Block – 2,100 Sq mt Largest Urban Block – 22,500 Sq mt

Roads with four wheeler accessibility in and around the gamtal Readings: Impermeable and Narrow roads with a clear need for network.

Failing to grow along with the demand for housing, the road network of Thaltej considerably lags in comparison to its built form, creating an imbalance. The effect of Thaltej Road and the lake have failed to penetrate beyond the first layer of buildings and the gamtal remains inaccessible by a four-wheeler. The network inside the gamtal remains intertwined and maze-like, affecting the ease of movement. Adding to this, the urban blocks have grown in size owing to the trend of communities and their territoriality.

Development of the SG Highway and TP Scheme have affected the land use along the Thaltej road while the rest of the gamtal remains untethered. With the majority of streets occupied by two-wheeler parking and encroachments by the private owners, the ROW on primary roads remains below 6mts with hardly any exceptions.

Road Network 15| Urban Transformation Studio | PG181051

120 m

16| Urban Transformation Studio | PG181051

Building Use

Imagining the trends of transformation in the gamtal as a life cycle of one building New Developments

Vertical Expansion

Horizontal Expansion

Existing Structure

Dilapidated Structure

The reading of the built form in Thaltej is done in two separate levels - the building use and the new building typologies coming with the transformation of the built form.

• Transformation of the built form: The analysis proves that there is a trend of haphazard development and disregard in the selection of the new typology. This can be a trace of the weakening strength of belonging and togetherness in the community with the ageing gamtal.

•

Building Use: Other than the occasional pop-ups of mixeduse along the nodes, residential is the predominant typology in the gamtal. A further study delayers a broad spectrum of residential in the village. It provides multiple opportunities for affordable housing ranging from a detached bungalow, paying guest accommodation or student hostels to migrant housing.

This has been perceived as a general trend among gamtals owing to all the developments around them in the city.

Readings: • Urban Villages are a hub for affordable housing options.

• Weakening sense of belonging causing a disregard towards the changing fabric.

17| Urban Transformation Studio | PG181051

Progression of Built form

120 m

18| Urban Transformation Studio | PG181051

Interaction Pockets

Temple Plazas

Street Interactions

Commercial Front

Responding to the necessities, the public spaces of Thaltej have taken a back seat relatively with the built form. The social segregation is distinctly visible in the gamtal as the interaction spaces are planned to create introverted communities.

The public spaces inside the gamtal can be categorized into three types - Temples, Streets and Commercial Front.

Temples: After residential built use, institutional is the second predominant use in Thaltej. The temples and temporary structures under the trees with cultural significance become the core of the gamtal with the residences around them. With the high sense of community, temples also continue to display the sense of pseudo ownership to their respective communities.

Streets: Other than the one AMC garden on the Thaltej junction along the edge of the gamtal, designated public spaces are absent. With eyes on the street as a typical quality of the communities in the gamtal and the inaccessibility of vehicles inside, streets become a safe and preferable option as a play area and interaction spaces for the residents.

Commercial Frontage: The development on Thaltej Road brought in a series of commercial development along the road adding to the interaction spaces.

Readings: Religious landmarks form the anchor points in the village and streets are the preferred interaction pockets inside the Gamtal.

Public places and Street Activities

19| Urban Transformation Studio | PG181051

22| Urban Transformation Studio | PG181051

Reinforce the sense of community There is an existing strong sense of belonging and security in the gamtal. An intangible asset with the potential to reinforce and build on.

Permeable and Porous Road Network Infrastructure and ease of access in and out of the gamtal is a primary necessity to base and support future transformation on.

Better accessibility is believed to lead to better developments.

Affordable Housing Market With the increasing demand for housing and the advantage of lower housing prices inside the gamtal, the site shows potential to become a hotspot for future developments in affordable housing.

23| Urban Transformation Studio | PG181051

Having established the objectives and a possible direction to transform the gamtal, the next step is to study examples and other instances of regeneration in Brownfield developments around the world and literature on the phenomenon of urban villages, Brownfield transformations and Social Capital.

• •

https://www.scmp.com/magazines/post-magazine/long-reads/article/3050428/shenzhen-urban-villages-baishizhou-have-been https://champ-magazine.com/architecture/2017-bi-city-biennale-of-urbanism-architecture-shenzhen/

Aphawa Community - The Story of Regeneration

Before

After

26| Urban Transformation Studio | PG181051

Location Amphawa is located in Amphawa district, Samut Songkhram province, Thailand, about 80 kilometers west of Bangkok.

Introduction and History Water based settlement dating back to the mid 17th century.

Consist of more than 300 units of wood and masonry shophouses and individual dwellings lining along the Amphawa canal.

Reasons for degradation The community flourished during the rule of King Rama I, when water was the primary source of transport and communication with neighboring settlements. In 20th century with the development is road and other means of public transport the communities along the canals degraded and the residents migrated to cities in search for better opportunities.This left behind dilapidated wooden structures, elderly people and children with a degrading economy.

Process of Participatory Planning Mayor’s Interest

Multiple Collaborations

Aimed to conserve the community 1.

2.

Integration and effective implementation of these projects was done using the policy of “Learning by doing”

3.

4.

5.

Strategic Policies for Conservation by Chulalongkorn University.

“Pilot Project for Environmental Conservation and Development of Amphawa Community” funded by Office of Natural and Environmental Policy Planning.

Thailand Cultural Environment Project (TCEP) funded by Danish International Development Assistant.

Raks Amphawa Project by Department of Industrial Promotion.

– To promote tourism and local products Chaipattana Amphawanurak Project – To restore a number of row houses

Implementation

Data Collection

Data requirements for Urban Conservation and regeneration of Amphawa Community are classified into 4 Sustainable development dimensions • Natural and Built Environment • Economic Aspects • Social and Cultural Aspects • Political Aspects

Additional Factors Considered

•

•

•

Encouraging local vendors promising a by compensation in case of losses.

Structured the timing of the market to contest the local competition of other flowing markets.

Promoting the market through mixed media.

Continuous REConfiguration

Readings and Case Study 27| Urban Transformation Studio | PG181051

28| Urban Transformation Studio | PG181051

Case Studies - Urban Regeneration through Participatory Planning • Project 1: Shimokitozawa, Tokyo • Project 2: Amphawa Community

Readings - Participatory Planning in India, Social Capital • Social Capital, John Field • Investigating Social Capital, Sanjeev Prakash / Per Selle

Learnings

Methodology : Amphawa Model for Community Participation •

•

The Middle Path is the model of community participation followed by Amphawa community for its regeneration. As the name suggests, this model refers to the avoidance of two extremes and prefers a method of negotiation, taking into consideration all the potential stakeholders.

Attempting to establish an empirical value to social capital, research conducted on villages states that, in communities, with a stronger sense of belonging and security the implementation of schemes is smoother and proved to be more successful.

Readings and Case Study 29| Urban Transformation Studio | PG181051

Finding the middle ground Reinforce the sense of belonging and establish a middle ground to negotiate and progress towards blurring the boundaries.

Strategies Demonstration • Part A: Master Plan Level • Part B: Cluster Level

Improving physical Infrastructure

Part A: Master Plan Level

120 m

36| Urban Transformation Studio | PG181051

Envisioned Amalgamation along the Gamtal Edge

Assuming the Development of Thaltej lake front and Extension of Metro along the Thaltej Road Proposed extension on the Thaltej road by the Metro and effected buildings

• •

The proposal by Gujarat metro expands the existing 20m wide road into a 30m wide road.

Due to the thaltej lake on the other side, a considerable width of the road has been proposed on the existing gamtal fabric.

Envisioned change in Built Character along the Thaltej Road After transformation, the Thaltej road is envisioned to be a major feeder road onto the SG highway and also cater to the increased footfall along the Lake. With an increased pressure to accommodate the residents effected through restructuring, there is a change in the proposed built form making it denser. With the idea to respect the existing language of buildings, the envisioned character of the built form retains the verticality and continues to create interesting terraces facing the lake.

Improving Physical Infrastructure : Edge & Immediate Surroundings

Along the Thaltej Lake

120 m

40| Urban Transformation Studio | PG181051

Probable Amalgamations along the primary roads

Existing and Proposed Routes identified to create a porous road network

Carving out roads with 9m ROW and effected Plots and Buildings

The proposed road network creates a permeable and porous system, creating ease of entry and exit into the site. The idea is to create equal opportunities and exposure to all the urban blocks and relive the plots that are currently landlocked.

The transformation triggers the very little demand for commercial inside the gamtal and creates a potential for more such development. The envisioned built form reacts to this opportunity and the plots along the roads gradually transform to create mixed-use and active nodes.

Incentives for the plots and buildings effected by the restructuring For the built area • 1.5 times the effected building area is allowed to be built above the retained structure • An increased FSI of 3 to facilitate the extension.

Proposed Restructuring to create roads with 9m ROW

For the plot area • The FSI calculation for the effected plots will continue to take into account the original plot area before the road extension.

• In case the owner chooses not to alter the existing structure, these incentives for development can be in the form of transferable development rights.

Transformed built form with minimum demolition

Improving Physical Infrastructure : Ease of Movement 41| Urban Transformation Studio | PG181051

Proposed Transformation

Plots along the Thaltej road restructured and developed into a denser fabric with commercial infused.

Bigger Footprints along the nodes

Proposed development of Thaltej Lake front

Mixed Use development along a major node to create more opportunities and capitalize on the improved land value.

Residential development along the school and temple node to maintain the street character and create child friendly spaces.

Dilapidated apartment complex along the gamtal edge re-imagined as a mixed use development with bigger public and interaction spaces.

Reinforcing the Sense of Community

Part A: Master Plan Level

Streets as a tool to blur the boundaries

After upgrading the physical infrastructure and creating opportunities inside the gamtal, the next stage of transformation is to add value to its intangible asset - The sense of belonging. This sense of security is an integral part of the gamtal life and an important social capital that fuels the life within.

To address the change in the language of buildings, the design aims to reinforce the sense of belonging to indirectly steer future developments into respecting and enhancing these intangible virtues.

To do so, the street has been identified as the tool to create a dialogue between the communities that are currently facing their backs to each other.

Streets are the middle ground that would trigger these interactions

Community Street The transition point for a change in the community and are also the neutral place where they come together. Community streets are designed to maximize incidental interactions and are furnished to evoke activity.

Blurring the Boundaries

Existing Condition Communities facing their back to each other with no communication

Step 1 Identifying an interface create a neutral ground

to

Step 2 Carving out the streets with respect to existing built

Step 3 Gradually blurring boundaries of the communities

Step 4 Streets as a tool to create a dialogue between communities

Step 5 Transformed communities with active interactions.

120 m

Clustering the communities

As the initial attempt at strengthening the sense of belonging, the communities are segregated into clusters based on the existing road network and the urban blocks created. Every cluster ideally constitutes of 2-4 communities, and this has been done to deal with each of them as a modular entity, providing equal opportunities and trigger points for transformation.

The clustering ensures every community to be looked at as a faceless module to keep in check the possible negative externalities of dominance. Program of the spaces inside each community continues to respect their specific needs and builds on them. (Example: Cattle farming is a known occupation for certain communities, and the language of buildings in them is adjusted accordingly.)

Clustering the Communities 50| Urban Transformation Studio | PG181051

120 m

Community streets leading into anchor points

After clustering the communities, the transformation continues to identify the landmark buildings and other culturally important buildings to create anchor points inside every cluster. These also create legibility and a unique identity to each cluster, all while respecting the memory associated with each of them.

Having identified specific anchors, with them as a culminating point the community streets are etched out between each society. This segregation is looked at as negotiation-The communities that maintain an intangible thread among themselves are now physically bound into a single urban block. And in return, an interface is carved out to encourage dialogue with the other communities.

Carving out Communities streets 51| Urban Transformation Studio | PG181051

Temple as an Anchor Point

The existing temple and the adjoining parking lot have been amalgamated and upgraded into a pedestrian-oriented plaza and envisioned as a central node into which the community streets merge. The plaza not only accommodates the existing uses of parking but also creates opportunities for informal vending and adds a commercial potential on to the buildings around it. The community streets leading to the plaza maintain their residential character, this is a conscious decision respecting the original street character and the types of interactions that happen in them.

Strategies Demonstration • Part A: Master Plan Level • Part B: Cluster Level

Step 0 : Existing Fabric

60 m

56| Urban Transformation Studio | PG181051

Existing plots and building lines in Cluster 1

Step 1 : Identifying and Upgrading Landmarks

60 m

Buildings with religious or cultural importance

Part B: Cluster Level Demonstration 57| Urban Transformation Studio | PG181051

Case -2

Case -1

Before In the existing Cluster 1, a temple complex and an institutional program have been identified as the landmarks.

Case 1: One temple complex and two smaller temples in less than 50mt distance Case 2: Institutional building accommodating a temple, Anganwadi school and a Post Office.

58| Urban Transformation Studio | PG181051

After In the proposed up-gradation of landmarks, the location and their program have been retained and enhanced to respect the memory associated with them. Additional improvements in infrastructure have been proposed to enhance the user experience and the quality of space.

Case 1: Three temples have been amalgamated into one complex through restructuring and accommodating one effected building onto a neighbouring vacant public plot. An additional structure has been proposed inside the complex as a community centre to tie the temples together and improve activities inside.

Case 2: Program of the identified building has been retained, and the structures of the post office and Anganwadi school are re-imagined with better spaces to accommodate more people and probe activity in and around them.

Upgrading the identified landmarks 59| Urban Transformation Studio | PG181051

Step 2 : Marking out pauses for community streets

Existing Communities

Identifying broken paths to be connected

Marking out gaps in the existing built form

Carving out Community Streets

60| Urban Transformation Studio | PG181051

Step 3 : Carved out Community Streets

60 m

Streets with infused activities along the built form

Part B: Cluster Level Demonstration 61| Urban Transformation Studio | PG181051

Pedestrian Zone 3m clear driveway Semi Public Zone Street Furniture 5m

15 m

30 m

Streets have been envisioned as a neutral ground of negotiation. Keeping in mind the existing condition of streets and the encroachments onto them, they have been designed as an extension of the private residences, thus eliminating the need to exult their sense of pseudo ownership.

The existing built form and typologies display a series of semi-public spaces along their edges, and this is taken as a base for the structure of community streets. To include this extended semi-public spaces into the street, an organic form has been chosen. The streets follow the existing built line of the fabric ensuring a minimum width of 3m for the driveway, and in cases where there is no scope to intervene in the plots are restructured and compensations are offered as a negotiation.

The impact of the community streets is expected to repel onto the adjoining buildings. With the core idea of creating a dialogue between communities, the program along the streets largely remains residential and they have been designed to survive devoid commercial activity.

The organic form of the street makes way for incidental corners and interactions. By equipping the pedestrian zone of the streets with tiny parklets, benches, trees and other interaction boosters there is a promise of activity infusion.

Activities along the Community Street

Envisioned Character of a typical Community Street Terraces recognised as an integral part of the street character and

Private proverty boundaries reacting to the activies around it.

Parklets and planter boxes along the driveway to encourage pause points.

Street Murals and small scale art instrallations at the anchor points to mark the identity of the cluster and add to the life on streets.

Transformed Cluster 1 : Switching the focus inwards With the proposal of Community streets inside the cluster, the envisioned transformation aims at creating more interaction pockets. A vacant public plot has been re-purposed as a community level open space and street murals have been visualized at the nodes to mark the identity of the cluster.

The semi-public spaces could range from the smallest difference in the plinth to a stipulated area with benches and trees for interaction. These features aim at enhancing the overall user experience and strengthening the will to preserve and live in the created environment. Each street has been given equal opportunities to flourish and the specified guidelines ensure the proportion of semi-public edges of the buildings.

60 m

68| Urban Transformation Studio | PG181051

Bigger Amalgamations

Way Forward Encourage and incentivize bigger footprints and more dwelling units.

With the communities now segregated into separate blocks and the reinforced sense of belonging, renewed social capital is the achieved positive externality. According to the readings and case studies, it has been verified that there is a direct correlation between social capital and the ease of development. With the opportunity created for people of the same community to come together, bigger amalgamations have become a favourable preference.

Having established this, as a way forward for the gamtal and to exploit the potential potential for affordable housing market, a rather backhanded approach has been chosen. Regulations and guidelines have been formulated to encourage bigger amalgamations and an increase in the total dwelling units. This indirectly adds on to the total housing stock in the gamtal catering to the incessant need for housing.

Regulations for development along Community Streets • • • • •

FSI -2 Maximum height of the buildings – 15m Maximum plot size – 1000 Sqmt 50% built to edge In buildings that allot 10% of their total dwelling units under affordable housing with the minimum area per units as 35Sqm, an incentive of 1 FSI would be provided. FSI -3

Guidelines for development along the community streets - Infusing interaction spaces into built form

Maintaining the Semi Public spaces

Interactive Terraces

In plots amalgamated along the community streets • 10% of the Ground floor area to be allotted as privately owned public space • The area catered for this would be exempted from the FSI calculation

Houses with common walls • Interactive terraces to create incidental spaces at different levels • 50% of the terrace area to be green cover

Way Forward - Increasing the Housing Stock 69| Urban Transformation Studio | PG181051

Transformed Cluster 1 : Future developments and amalgamations Proposed Bigger footprints visualized to gradually blend in with the cluster respecting its built environment

Upgraded Anganwadi school and Post Office buildings.

Cultural center building proposed in the vacant temple plot to promote interaction.

With an enormous scope of development, both in residential and commercial sectors, Thaltej gamtal occupies a prime area 250mts away from SG Highway.

While being categorized as an urban village pushed it back on the growth curve, the project begins here, with the complete acknowledgement of both its strengths and weaknesses. While the tangible aspects of the gamtal were addressed with modest improvements, the intangibles were made the main focus of the design.

With this as the premise, the transformation begins with identifying the vulnerabilities of the site and gradually infuses triggers that would ensure repelled transformations in the gamtal. The proposal is aimed at creating a convenient canvas for the future transformations to flow on - a slate that would respect the value system of the gamtal while carrying the potential to modernise.

Existing Thaltej Gamtal

The idea of community streets take the centre stage, and attempts to shift the focus inwards onto the residential colonies in the gamtal. The project focuses on increasing the livability in the communities and promote smoother functioning. The built form along the streets inside communities continues to carry equal importance in shaping the overall experience. Eyes on the street, being an integral quality of the existing fabric, this has been looked at as an intangible virtue and guidelines have been proposed to retain it.

In conclusion, the transformed village reflects the vision of finding the middle ground, a village that strives with harmonious coexisting communities. Starting from the hierarchy in the road network, the nodes infused with commercial activity, landmarks reimagined to create identity; the village as a whole has been improved to fully cater for and sustain future developments.

Proposed Transformation Triggers

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Bank, W. (n.d.). Managing the Potential Undesirable Impacts of Urban Regeneration: Gentrification and Loss of Social Capital.

Barbara Golicnik Marušic, M. N. (2008). Human Cities, Celebrating Public Space.

Donald Brown, D. D. (2014). Urban informality and building a more inclusive, resilient and green economy. Urban Environments.

Echanove, M. (2006). Urban Typhoon, Shimokitazawa.

Kalpana Gopalan, M. V. (2015). Affordable housing: Policy and practice in India. Science Direct, IIMB. Lueder, C. (2016). Urban villages and informal settlements as protagonists of. Urban Design International.

Malmgren, H. (1997). Quantifying Quality of Life. 22d International Epilepsy Congress.

Pacific, U. N. (2008). Housing the poor in Asian Cities. Quick guides for policy makers.

Pacific, U. N. (2008). LOW-INCOME HOUSING: Approaches to help the urban poor. Quick guide for policy makers.

Peerapun, W. (2011). Participatory Planning in Urban Conservation and Regeneration: A Case Study of Amphawa Community. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences.

Programme, U. N. (2013). STREETS AS PUBLIC SPACES AND DRIVERS OF URBAN PROSPERITY. Pu Hao, R. S. (2010). The development and redevelopment of urban villages in Shenzhen. Contents lists available at ScienceDirect.

Redevelopment of Urban Villages. (2015, September 13). Retrieved from cidco-smartcity: https://cidco-smartcity. niua.org/redevelopment-of-urban-villages/ Reinout Kleinhans, H. P. (n.d.). Understanding Social Capital in Recently Restructured Urban Neighbourhoods.

Two Case Studies in Rotterdam. Urban Studies.

Reynolds, I. (2007). Tokyo's 'urban villages' fight for survival. Retrieved from Reuters: https://www.reuters.com/ article/us-cities-tokyo/tokyos-urban-villages-fight-for-survival-idUST27091520061212 United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific. (2008). Land: A crucial element in housing the urban poor. Quick guide for policy makers.

Wannasilpa Peerapun, S. S. (n.d.). The Conservation of Cultural Heritage along Amphawa Canal, Samut Saongkhram province.

What is community capacity building? (2014, march 10). Retrieved from Sustaining Community: https:// sustainingcommunity.wordpress.com/2014/03/10/ccb/ Whyte, W. H. (2012, March 20). The Social Life of Small Urban Spaces. Retrieved from Metalocus: https://www. metalocus.es/en/news/social-life-small-urban-spaces

Sri Mallika Vyshnavi V PG181051 Urban Transformation Studio (Semester -4) Masters in Urban Design - Faculty of Planning

Sri Mallika Vyshnavi V | PG181051 | srimallika.PG181051@cept.ac.in