The Vegan Autumn 1947

T H E VEGAN SOCIETY Founded

November,

1944

The Aims of the Society are : (a) T o advocate that man's food should be derived from fruits, nuts, vegetables, grains and other wholesome non-animal products and that it should exclude flesh, fish, fowl, eggs, honey, and animals' milk, butter and cheese. (b) T o encourage the production and use of alternatives to animal commodities. (c) T o extend and organise Veganism nationally and internationally, and to facilitate contacts between those endeavouring to follow this way of life.

All subscriptions and donations are devoted to furthering these Aims.

Minimum subscription, 5s. per annum, which includes ' The Vegan quarterly.

Life Membership, ÂŁ5.

All enquiries to THE SECRETARY, R Y D A L LODGE, AMBLESIDE, W E S T M O R L A N D

THE

VEGAN

Journal of The Vegan Society Editor:

VOL. Ill

G. A L L A N H E N D E R S O N , R Y D A L LODGE,

A U T U M N , 1947

AMBLESIDE

No. 3

EDITORIAL T ^ H E V E G A N way of life has many facets, and the articles in this issue touch on a number of these. There is, first of all, the purely personal aspect which in itself can be as wide as the circumstances and opportunities of the individual oermit, since there can be included the selection of foodstuffs, the growing of produce, the bringing-upof children, catering for the family and the use of non-animal commodities.

Next, there is the social attitude which is concerned with the procedure to be adopted when entertaining guests or when having meals prepared by others. It is to assist in the solution of the problems arising under this heading that the formation of Local Groups and Discussion Circles is being encouraged : they have already proved to be of great value, and their extension throughout the country would be extremely welcome.

This journal is steadily gaining its place among the large number of periodicals which have a nation-wide circulation and the word VEGAN, and all that it implies, is being understood (though frequently mispronounced!) in an increasing number of households throughout the country. So far, we have refrained from forcing our viewpoint on the national news-press or on the elected leaders of the country or Government departments, yet we realise that the food situation here is deteriorating annually and we are therefore preparing ourselves to explain and demonstrate that a relatively short term of veganism could provide the solution.

A glorious opportunity was recently provided and availed to advance our point of view to vegetarians visiting this country from abroad, with the result that not only is further inform^fion sought, but invitations are being extended to us to visit several European countries to lecture on natural soil cultivation, the growing of vegetables and their preparation for the table. It is intended to accept these invitations—subject, of course, to the unfortunate limitations which our authorities have found it necessary to place on ' travel abroad.

But, independent of all these aspects, there stands out for con-. tinuous contemplation by each of us man's relation to and'treatment

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of animals. It is our duty to recognise the obligation we owe to these creatures and to understand all that is involved in the consumption and use of their live, and dead products. Only thus shall we be properly equipped to decide our own attitude to the question and explain the case to others who may be interested but who have not given the matter serious thought. • In his address to the I.V.U. Congress, Mr. Donald Watson set out the vegan case most effectively, as the extracts in this issue will indicate. It cannot however be reported that his speech was received with general acclamation; on the contrary, tremendous opposition was shown by some of the British "orthodox vegetarians" present, causing discomfort and perplexity to the overseas delegates, who, in contrast, have displayed much sympathy and have expressed a desire for closer contacts with us. They will not be disappointed.

G.A.H.

SLAVES By

My mother And I am WTiite as an But I am

MARION

R E ID

bore me in the southern wild, black, but O! my soul is white; angel is the English child, blacJ{, as if bereaved of light.

I

WILLIAM

BLAKE.

r p H I S opening verse from " The Little Black Boy" epitomises the whole tragedy of the colour bar, whilst indicating the eternal reason for its essential wrongness. Everything that lives has the divine spark within, which makes all equal in origin and destiny. Up to the time of the abolition of slavery in the last century, negroes suffered unspeakable cruelties and indignities at the hands of white men, whose domination was maintained, not through superiority of physique,-but chiefly through the possession of gunpowder. These unhappy people were violently torn from their peaceful villages in Africa, separated from their families, made to march many miles to the coast under a blazing sun, whipped if they lagged behind through weariness and exhaustion, and left to die if at last they sank to the ground too weak to rise again. They were herded in frightful conditions in ships and taken to America, sometimes by way of England, and there they were seld to work in the sugar plantations. If their masters were kind, things were not so bad, but the overseers' whips to keep them at their tasks were a symbol of the system under which they lived. They were slaves, often bred much as cattle are bred tO'day.

In fact, it is sometimes said, in describing their conditions of life, that they were treated "like cattle."

It is only recently that a few people have begun to think that cattle themselves should not be treated in this callous fashion. They, too, have the divine spark within them. Blake's poem applies to them

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also, and that is something we have all got to realise. This is the day of the emancipation of the coloured races. The white man, in his arrogance, would subjugate all whose bodies are not quite like his own—even women. But to-day all are arising to proclaim, more or less successfully, their equality by reason of the divine spark within them.

Now, at last, a few who understand are rising up arid speaking for those who cannot speak for themselves—the domestic animals, whom we have made our slaves. Shaw says he is a vegetarian because he does not wish to be the slave of these domestic animals. But a far better reason for vegetarianism is the the desire not to continue to make them our slaves. Not only does the habit of flesh-eating subjugate them to us, but the custom of taking dairy produce also subjects them to horrible indignities. If the'mere difference of colour in a skin pigment has veiled the brotherhood of our fellows from us in the past, how much more does difference of physical structure veil from us to-day the common brotherhood of cattle with men. Yet the simple fact is that we have all been sent forth from the same divine source wearing different garments. Because the garment of my human form is different from the garment of my ..brother ox or my sister cow, shall I therefore refuse to these the right to live in their own way under the sun? Because I have imposed on them unnatural conditions for so long, because I have hurried them into and out of the world at my own wi'll so often, is this a reason for refusing them their rights once I recognise them? No, it is not, and therefore I am a vegan, being quite sure that only good can accrue from a way of life that has been adopted for ethical reasons.

ANNUAL

MEETINGS

Preliminary Notice The Third Annual General Meeting of The Vegan Society will be held on Saturday, November 22nd, at 6.30 p.m. in Friends' House, Euston Road, London, N . W .

This will be preceded by a Public Conference at 2.30 p.m. to discuss " The Moral Aspect of Veganism." Mr. Donald Watson, President of the Society, will be in the Chair, and the speakers will inolude Mr. Ivor H. Sercombe, who will disclose present-day methods in dairy-farming; Marion Reid, who will speak on Personal Experiences, and Fay K. Henderson, who will point out the simplicity of the vegan step and its desirability.

It is hoped that there will be a good attendance of members and their friends, and a special invitation is extended to all humanitarians and animal-lovers.

Tea will be served at five o'clock.

Hospitality can be arranged for those living away from London who wish to attend these meetings. Application should be made direct to the Secretary at Rydal. Lodge. * F.K.H.

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THE INTERNATIONAL VEGETARIAN UNION H E Eleventh Congress of the International Vegetarian Union, held at Stonehouse, Gloucestershire, from July 29th to August 5th, was a most stimulating gathering. There were representatives from Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Holland, France, Germany, Switzerland, Chechoslovakia, Eire and America, as well as from the various British societies. The outstanding features of the meetings were the personal friendliness of delegates and the universal desire to elevate the vegetarian approach to life.

Special interest was shown in veganism, Mr. Donald Watson having been invited to speak on the subject. His lecture was most comprehensive and carefully delivered. Extracts appear elsewhere in this issue and the full address has been printed in pamphlet form.

A lively response, both enthusiastic and critical, marked the close of his speech, but the discussion had to be postponed till ilater in the day, when many questions and comments were dealt with in cooler atmosphere. It' was interesting to compare the different attitudes of various nationalities to the vegan ideal. In Continental countries, with their ethical approach, veganism was placed in the vanguard of the vegetarian movement, while the Scandinavian regarded it as an advanced stage of vegetarianism for health reasons.

By the wish of The Vegetarian Society, the vegan cause is working independently in this country although in Scotland a Vegan Section has been formed within the Scottish Vegetarian Society."

The vegan trend was manifested in other lectures during the Congress, Dr. Cyril Pink in particular speaking very highly of the vegan diet in relation to childbirth and infant feeding.

Mr. H. H. Jones, in his "World Survey of Food and Famine;" gave figures comparing the area of lland in Britain required to produce food for one person for a year, and it was significant to note that, whereas 1.3 acres was needed for a meat diet and .33 for a lactovegetarian diet, only- .16 of an acre was required for.a vegan diet.

Surely therein lies the solution to food scarcity in this, or indeed any, country!

Mr.. J: H. Bolt, Honorary Secretary of the I.V.U., presented a remarkably comprehensive report on his enquiries into vegetarian wel' fare throughout the world during the war years. He then invited us all to taJse a broad conception of life as a whole, to strive for a greater integrity' and to regard vegetarianism as only one aspect of our philosophy. He also suggested that the I.V.U. should publish an international magazine to distribute world vegetarian news, but this' proposal was amended, and it was agreed that international news should be circulated to editors for inclusion in the various national vegetarian magazines. Mr. Bolt further recommended that, as a practical measure, the I.V.U. should encourage the production of vegetable milk and non-leather shoes. • A t the Congress, The Vegan Society was formally accepted as a member of the International Vegetarian Union. It is most encouraging / v

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to realise that, as a .result, we can now .work in direct co-operation with the various vegetarian movements throughout the world.

[We have been privileged to have as guests at Rydal'Lodge, Mr. Kaj Dessau, .the new Secretary of the I.V.U., together with his fiancee Miss Ingrid Peterson, and also Mr. Emil Just, from Czechoslovakia.

They have all expressed the keenest interest in the vegan aims and w a y of life.—-ED.]

REPORT ON FOOD INVESTIGATIONS B y M r s . E . B. SHRIGLEY

. I have concentrated on chocolate, sweets and biscuits because there are frequent enquiries regarding them and it is difficult to be sure of their ingredients.

• .

Biscuits, etc.

All these, including so-called cheese arid water biscuits and oatcakes, contain animal fats or dairy produce. Ori the other hand, crispbreads such as Vitaweat, Darvita and Ryvita are vegan.

Chocolates and Sweets All Cadbury's, Rowntree's and Caley's chocolate contains dairy produce.

The Co-operative Wholesale Society, Maynard's and Lindt guarantee all their plain chocolate to be free from dairy produce.

Fry's Cream Tablets, Nestles Superfine plain chocolate, Carson's chocolate and Nutty Crunch are similarly guaranteed—and also the Raw Sugar Chocolate from London Health Centre. _ The only sweets that are vegan are boiled sweets, glacier mints and liquorice allsorts.

Pontefract cakes, dessert mixtures, pastilles, fruit gums, bon-bon and turkish delight contain gelatine.

• Practically all chocolates and sweets contain white sugar. " Vegarian " Chocolate Malt Spread (London Health Centre) and Reomel are vegan.

I have not finished investigating the colouring matter of boiled sweets and other foods, but will report on this in the next issue of The Vegan.

[All enquiries regarding foodstuffs should be addressed direct to Mrs. Shrigley at 47 Brighton Road, Purley, Surrey.]

BIRTH.' On 3rd August, at " Stonefield,'- to Mr. and Mrs. Donald Watson,' of 67 Evesham Road, Leicester, a daughter— r ]anet.

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CORRESPONDENCE A N e w V e g a n Guest. House. . . . I am a strict vegan and enjoy the cleanliness, humanity and elevating effect of such a way of living.

One feels it is so important to' help others to see this purer way of living. In fact, my husband having recently passed over, I can see no better way of life for me than to throw open the doors of my home and garden, in welcome to those already living on a vegan diet and to those striving to do so, w h o are non'smokers.

Therefore I propose inserting an advertisement in the columns of " V e g a n " Autumn number, inviting guests at reasonable terms to this, the most bracing part of Bournemouth.

I can accommodate six guests comfortably, eight if need arises.

The house is surrounded by a secluded garden, and vegetables and fruit are grown.

All rooms are spacious and well appointed, beds are extremely comfortable; interior sprung, single and divans; hot and cold wash-basins and electric fires in all rooms; and garage.

W e are a 2d. bus fare from the Sea-front, Bournemouth.

I am very keen on pure diet, always a vegetarian, experience of reform diet, and have held a responsible position in a famous nature-cure establishment for two years.

It will be a joy to me to have those who come to my home for rest and recuperation.

I shall be glad of your support in this new venture.

E.M.N:; Parkstone."

Stone-Ground Flour. ^ Reference is constantly made in food reform literature about the goodness of stone-ground wholemeal flour and that this method is " t h e only one which preserves the life germ."

There- are two points with which I cannot agree: — First the stone grinding. A s I dare say you know, there are about 100 channels cut in the face of each stone about J" deep, and as the stones are about five feet in diameter, w h e n the stones are worn flat after grinding a few tons of wheat, where has all the stone dust gone? And it is a not inconsiderable quantity. It is a fact, well-known to the medical profession, that stonemasons are among' the shortest lived tradesmen because of the stone dust which settles in the lungs. H o w much damage, therefore, is being done to the human intestines by the ground (or worn away) stone dust in the flour?

M y second point—as to stone grinding being the only perfect method, I would mention that there are one or two firms using the " Miracle Mill " for the production of their 1 flour and this method precludes the slightest waste, even of dust from the flour.

R.T., Carlisle.

N e w Members.

M y wife and I have recently decided to change our diet from vegetarian to vegan and as a consequence would like to become members of The Vegan Society.

I therefore enclose a cheque for 1 2 / 8 d . covering two membership fees and 2 / 8 d . for a copy of " Vegan Recipes.".

W e have known for a .long time that this change would have to be made.

It is our daughter Janet (21 months) w h o has finally forced the issue. She has been fed almost entirely on vegan fare and we now feel it to be wrong to deny Janet what we ourselves eat. She is not a big child but is very strong and vigorous and so far has had nothing more serious than a cold which she slept off.

M y first experiment'with veganism was in the spring and summer of 1944.

I then lived entirely without any form of animal produce for six

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months. A t the time I was doing heavy manual work at a hospital. Apart from a mistake I made'in eating too many raw vegetables, I feel that the •experiment was a real success.

Our main difficulty at the moment is not being able to grow any of our own food. W e are trying to get some land in the country, where we can eventually build a house.

W e have both enjoyed the articles on veganism that have appeared in the " Vegetarian Messenger" from time to time, and have liked the copies of " T h e Vegan " which we have been able to get". W e look forward to receiving " T h e V e g a n " regularly.

L.B., London, E.14.

C o w s D o Cry. I return herewith the President's Address. The only thing I felt not made clear is the inescapable fact that cruelty (of a particularly abominable lcind—involving mental and spiritual suffering) is inseparable from dairy farming, however enlightened the dairy farmer may be. I .have-.over .the past week been hearing a cow crying for its calf, and. believe me, it would oe a hard heart indeed that failed to respond to the pathetic, desperate note in the animal's voice.

I also wondered whether there is not a point in the fact of the opposition t o veganism found among lacto-vegetarians?

Are they falling into the same psychological position as the meat-eater who objects to lactovegetarianism?

L.J.C., Uxbridge.

Information Wanted.

I wonder if any reader could advise me what area of land is necessary to grow vegetables and fruit for a couple, and whether " s p a r e " time is enough to tend such ground.

Would an average-sized garden be big •enough?

I thought of acquiring a piece with or without house (which could be built later) and therefore if anyone should know of a plot suitable, preferably around London, or can give any advice, I should be •grateful if they would write to B M / T R Y , London, W . C . I .

W . M . , Middx.

From a Naturopath.

I am very interested in the Vegan idea and am at present testing it from the nutritional point of view. If I find it entirely satisfactory I shall have no hesitation in advocating it, and it "is probable that in the near future I shall join your Society.

'You will, I feel sure, be interested to learn tha't Dr. Sylvester Graham ( o f Graham bread fame) wrote in his book " T h e Science of Human L i f e " more than one hundred years ago that he considered a Vegetarian Diet—minus dairy products, to be the best possible one for human beings.

H e states that he arrived at his conclusions after many years of research and' practical experimentation.

A.A., York.

What's in a Name! ' Just a hurried reply to your letter and wish to" emphasize that Veganin tablets contain three powerful drugs one of which is Codein; this is an opium derivative of the morphia class.

I herewith append formula which is registered as a poison under the Dangerous Drugs Act. T h e title is undoubtedly misleading. (Aspirin, 32.682; Phenacetin, 32.682; Colein, 0.992).

Health for AU " : Milk—Bane or Blessing?

Mr. Benjamin's article, " Is milk a bane or a blessing? " fails to deal with the most important points of the question of milk as a food for normal human adults.

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O n e ^ c a n understand that the- ordinary medical practitioner often finds milk useful, although quite unnecessary, in sickness and for infants that cannot be fed.-naturally; but why Nature Cure " H e a l t h for A l l " should boost milk and milk products as necessary and desirable foods, as is often t h e case in its menus and recipes, is difficult to understand.

(1) W h a t e v e r may be said in favour of milk as a perfect food for calves, n o , a m o u n t of imagination can claim it as a desirable or necessary f o o d for normal human beings. O n the contrary, in spite of all the nonsense written about " pure and clean milk," n o such milk exists, or can exist. M i l k , in the very nature of things, must always be subject to contamination from bovine excreta and bovine diseases. O n e only needs to, glance at the hindquarters of any cow for sufficient condemnation that milk is of necessity a highly dangerous food for human beings. {2) T h e ever-growing mania for milk is largely the cause of t h e present f o o d crisis and malnutrition.

It requires at least five times more land to produce one .pint of milk than a similar weight of much more healthy and desirable foods, such as wheat, oats, fruit, or vegetables. A n d everyb o d y w h o is for ever praising milk as the ne plus ultra f o o d is, whether h e k n o w s it or not, advocating a perpetual continuance of the shortage of such really desirable and healthful foods as wheat, oats, fruit, vegetables, etc.

If. w e were to reduce our present milk consumption by only 50 per cent, w e m i g h t at once have e n o u g h land to grow the bulk of our food and so p u t an end, not only to the present food crisis, but to the coal crisis and m a n y other crises.

A large amount of the coal n o w needed for manufacturing exports in e x c h a n g e for imported f o o d could, in the National interest, be much better used for domestic purposes and for the manufacture of clothing, better houses, and other goods for home consumption.

WRIGHT

MILLER

(Paignton).

POSTSCRIPT. Mr. Kabiawu of Nigeria' contributes some interesting personal findings.

It is o f t e n the case w h e n one makes a considerable change in diet that there is a loss of weight while the body adjusts itself to the new intake.

Ultimately the body settles down to a more suitable w e i g h t than before the change.

Mr. Kabiawu reports that the change to vegetarianism brought loss of w e i g h t and an anaemic appearance, but on adopting veganism the anaemic effect disappeared, and seven years of veganism has maintained him in excellent' health, t h o u g h lighter in weight than before he first turned to vegetarianism.

If, as we believe, a vegan regime is the ideal, then under such a regime the ultimate b o d y weight will be the ideal for our own physique. In most cases this turns out to be less than originally. W e should welcome other e v i d e n c e of the effect of the vegan diet on body weight.

Further, can any readers offer any evidence of actual experience in living with little' or no cereals, or without processed fats? ' A l t h o u g h vegans have already restricted their foods considerably, there are m e m b e r s .who . believe that fruits, vegetables and nuts should suffice, processed fats being unnatural and cereals m o r e intended for the" crops of feathered creatures. "We know of people w h o have minimised their fat intake, and almost dispensed with cereals,' but any more information, especially from people w h o have reduced their quota of cither over a long period, will be. most helpful.

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LIVE CLOSE TO NATURE B y DUGALD S E M P L E

Here in the country's heart Where the grass is green, Life is. the same sweet life As it e'er hath been.

m

NORMAN GALE.

most welcome signs of the times is the growing interest ONEin oflandthe and rural housing schemes and a general demand for a more open-air' life. Not only axe slum dwellings being demolished but more people are beginning to feel that there is a joy and health to be found in the country which is worth having at all costs.

All honour, too, to the efforts which are being made to grow more food in the garden and field. Nothing will contribute more to the well-being of^our nation, for it means not only a sense of security •but a source of health and happiness derived from living closer to the pure air and sunshine.

To grow good crops it is essential that we should co-operate with Nature and try to understand the relationship which exists between soil fertility and healthy plant tissues. Just as we cannot rear healthy humans on impoverished foodstuffs, neither can we grow healthy plants oh soils which are deficient in the right kind of nutri' ment. This may seem but a commonplace statement, but its truth when fully understood forms the bedrock of our future civilisation.

Healthy Crops The secret of growing healthy crops is to see that the soil is well supplied with humus. Humus is what gives a dark colour to the soil and helps to form nitrates—the only form of nitrogen which is of •use to plants. The best way to make humus for the garden is to build a compost heap of leaves and grass cuttings, and all waste, including household slops. Add a little ground lime or wood ashes occasionally, and turn the heap over a few times to hasten decomposition. Those living in.the country should also add the contents of the earth closet, as this greatly adds to the value of the compost heap.

When well rotted after a few months' time, the compost can be •dug into the-soil or applied between growing crops: Aim at feeding the soil naturally and not merely stimulating it with concentrated •chemicals to secure quantity instead of quality. At the same time, I am not convinced that if chemicals are used as an addition to the •compost heap that they may be harmful. It seems to me, indeed, that there is a great deal of loose thinking abroad to-day about the use of artificials, and that much remains yet to be proven about them.

What seems clear is that humus is a' most important factor in plant

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nutrition, and that to apply chemicals to land deficient in humus leads to all kinds of plant diseases."

I agree that the rule' of return is the sound principle of healthy soil feeding, that is to say, we should return to the soil those elements, which come3 from it. But those like myself who do not use flesh foods or dairy products are not justified in using farmyard manure to feed crops. AM that is necessary is a well'balanced compost heap,, composed of vegetable and human waste matter, some lime and a little mineral matter. There is nothing disagreeable about this method of feeding the soil—indeed, it is the 'essence of clean culture.

T h e Simple Life If we would go to the root of our social and health problems we must individually live simpler and more natural lives. True, we cannot expect to be able to apply the principles of hygiene where people are overcrowded and must act according to methods of expediency. But let every family have access to sufficient land for food<growing, and we will soon hear less about disease and unemployment, not to speak of a food shortage..

N a t u r e must be our guide in reference to our artificially induced habits, which are responsible for so much suffering and sorrow in the world.. If, too, we spent but _a fraction of. the money which is devoted' to the cure of disease on freeing the land and teaching folks the simple laws of health, what a saving it would effect in every way in the lives of the nation!

M y own life near Nature has revealed to me not only the great joy of being alive, but fills me with a desire to help more people to get into the glorious countryside. The simple life is a reaction to all this false civilisation, this sweating for luxuries when we have not. got the necessaries of life, this getting of a living and not living.

T h e ways thither are many, and each one must choose his own way, learning by experience, by love, by wisdom, and, above all, by humility, how to live a healthy, happy, and more spiritual way of real progress. [ W e submitted the above script to Mr. Donald Watson, andreceived this reply : "The matter of animal manure is open to question.

W h e n e v e r the President sees any in the street, he goes out,with bucket and spade! He thinks this is more in accordance with Divine plan than that the precious stuff should be washed down the drain."

O u r own attitude to this question is decided, arid we are- obtaining excellent results in the kitchen garden b.y using only composted vegetation with a small quantity of human waste. The application of such compost to the soil each spring is bound to give steadily improved crops, subject only to weather conditions.

The practical experience of readers and their views on the necessity or desirability of using animal manure or chemicals would be welcome.â&#x20AC;&#x201D;ED.]

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IS

" The vegan considers the abolition of the slaughter-house as a reform of first importance in the reconstruction of human society, for so long as it remains society has no morality; and without a morality Âť man can never establish for himself a decent order. Ten thousand churches do not make a morality: indeed, by stressing dogma and ritual, they divert â&#x20AC;˘ attention from the great issue of cruelty, which must be faced if the good life is ever to be established. Morality is not determined by what we believe, but by what we do, and particularly by what we do to others less strong than ourselves. Once accept that the strong have the right to exploit the weak, and the basis upon which any decent society can be built is destroyed.

The Physiological Aspect of Veganism ". . . It is significant that the vegan stands alone in advocating a diet without dairy produce. The opposition we face is general and it includes all branches of the nature-cure movement. How strongly 1 Government policy favours milk in the diet is shown by the fact that milk has priority over all other foodstuffs, and agriculture in this country is made to conform to the milk target. Any dislocation of supply is treated by the Press with the seriousness of a threat to continued existence. Thousands of doctors and millions of laymen believe it suicidal to try to live without dairy produce, but these are they who have neither reasoned nor experimented with vegan diet.

Few dieticians outside the vegan movement have tried living without animal food, or have made any .serious attempt to solve the diet problem philosophically, as it must be solved. Without the guidance of. philosophy, scientific investigation soon flounders in a morass of error. ". . . The vegan believes that the rotting of the human body, which is marked by the death rates for certain chronic diseases almost doubling in a generation, is taking place chiefly through faulty nutrition. W e ally ourselves with those who urge for crops to be" grown on naturally fertilised soil, and with those who denounce â&#x20AC;˘ devitalised food. W e feel also that "the destructive effect of heat upon food must receive more attention, and that only when these three approaches are combined with the idea of eliminating animal food will the diet problem be solved. The life work of Dr. BircherBenner and others informs us that raw vegetable food, properly selected, is the most potent healing factor that exists. " There is unnecessary confusion concerning the use of animals1 milk. In nature there are carnivores and vegetarians, but there are no lacto-carhivores nor- lacto-vegetarians. These are artificial groups of man's creation, and neither could operate under natural law. W e think nature has fixed all the feeding groups that are necessary or wise, and that we should decide to which we belong. Regarding the right use of milk there can be no doubt. It is for infant mammals before weaning.

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. . It is not easy to understand why the orthodox dietitian is taking so long to discard the superstition regarding the supposed need â&#x20AC;&#x17E; for animal food. The vegan certainly need not go short of starch, sugar, vitamins, fats,'mineral salts or roughage, for plants are rich in all these factors. Thus the error is confined to protein. It is significant that human milk, which serves to nourish man at the time when his growth is fastest, contains never more than two per cent of protein. This suggests that our diet in later life should not exceed this percentage of protein, which can readily be supplied from plants.

So easily can it be supplied that the vegan faces the same, danger as the flesh-eater and the lacto-vegetarian in that he might take too much. . . . '

t

H o w Food Shortage can be Abolished Throughout the World " Several factors subscribe to the problem of food shortage: bad weather, ruining crops, disease in crops, inadequate transport facilities, lack of purchasing power, and loss through attacks by vermin. If man grew more^ grain, pulses and nuts, which store well, the effect of local harvests failing would be less serious. If the soil were kept fertile by natural means disease in crops would be lessened, if not eliminated, as Sir Albert Howard and others have demonstrated.

If more food were grown locally, so that communities were selfsupporting, the transport problem would be eased. Millions of rats and mice breed under and around poultry houses and farm buildings, therefore the vermin problem would be enormously simplified if animal feeding stuffs were removed from-the farm. All this is clear, and it fits in well with the vegan system, but not until vastly more is produced will food be cheap and the poor well fed. The solution lies chiefly in greater local production. . . In return for food given to animals, we receive in the form of units of nourishment but a small fraction of the outlay.

The explanation for this extravagance in time of world famine is the superstitious belief that animal foods are necessary for human wellbeing. It is this fallacy that has led our Government to adopt a policy of more livestock at this critical time. It is highly improbable that the earth could produce enough food to give all its 2,000 million inhabitants the mixed diet recommended' by orthodox dieticians. On the other hand, it is certain that Britain, more densely populated than India, and one of the most densely populated areas on earth, could become a food exporting country given a few years to develop vegan methods of agriculture. The enormous contribution that is made to the nation's larder bv the amateur gardener was shown recently bv Mr. L. G. G. Warne, of the Botany Department, Victoria University, Manchester, who calculated that from one quarter to one half of our vegetables come from allotments ,and private gardens.

These allotments, which form a narrow fringe round our towns and cities, and which one passes by train in a matter of seconds, are a revelation of what could be produced by an extension of the idea.

THE VEGAN

15-

How Soil Fertility can be Restored " Any system of diet or of agriculture which leads to the progressive deterioration of the soil stands condemned, therefore veganism must be subjected to this test. One of the commonest criticisms we receive, is that under a vegan system the animal would cease to havea cash value, therefore it would die out and the soil would thea deteriorate through 'lack of organic manure. This would not be so.

In reply, firstly we reject the implication that all is well with the soil under the present system. The truth is that the position is soperilous that without an urgent scheme to provide more organic manure to replace chemical crop stimulants, the soil will soQn be destroyed. This would be the greatest disaster that could befall mankind. . . As we all know, the difficulty arises because the law of return is not obeyed. Under the present system animals certainly provide valuable manure, but it is questionable whether in the final analysis the animal aids soil fertility for the manure comes from thesoil in the first place. When the creature goes for slaughter the whole mineral content of its carcass is lost to the soil, usually never toreturn. Similarly, the milk which comes daily from the meadow contains mineral matter which later goes down to the sea. In a "century, the once rich hill grazings of New Zealand have deteriorated' enormously through this soil-depleting process. A similar loss is; effected, of course, when plant crops are taken and -no wastes returned.

Sewage waste cannot continue indefinitely without bringing about disaster to agriculture. This is being recognised and large schemes for composting sewage' sludge are now in operation: But can the wastes of diseased carnivorous humans be safe? The dangerous nature of the excrement even of healthy carnivores is shown by the instinct these creatures have to bury their wastes immediately, but vegetarian, animals have no such instinct. A generally applied system of usingsewage in this country at present would include the wastes from, over five millions of cancerous or potentially cancerous people, apart from the wastes of those suffering from other diseases. Thus there would' seem to be some danger in assuming too readily that composting restores in a few months such wastes to the level of safety. On the other hand, there seems no reason why the wastes of healthy vegan communities should not be used, in fact, this practice has been followed by some vegans for many years, with excellent results. If generally practised, and if all plant wastes were returned to the soil, a healthy agriculture could be established without the use of the animal, though, under a vegan system, there would be so much land to spare that herds of animals could live healthily and manure grazings which later could be used for growing crops. In this way the animal, giving neither meat nor milk, would not be a channel through which mineral' matter left the soil." ' DONALD W A T S O N . ,

THE VEGAN 16-

16

THE VEGAN BABY BUREAU B y M r s . KATHLEEN V . MAYO

D i e t for one-year-olds "IV/TANY mothers seem anxious that their babies should have adequate protein, and imagine that a one-year-old cannot have enough without taking cow's milk. I am continually having to reassure mothers that a balanced vegan diet gives ample nutrition for a child's •development.

A n important factor is that human milk contains only 1.6 per cent of protein, and this is sufficient to nourish the body when it is growing faster than af any subsequent period. In the first year of a baby's life, its birth-weight is trebled, with only 1.6 per cent of protein in the •diet. • A f t e r one year, a baby develops much more slowly and therefore requires less protein; so it is important for a mother to avoid giving her toddler too much, rather than worrying about not giving •enough.

In the summer number of The Vegan, in the article on weaning, I suggested giving a baby finely chopped lettuce at the age of eight and a half months and gradually increasing the quantity until a salad. was being taken daily, and I consider that the protein intake "can be reduced permanently when salads are properly utilised. There is no method of estimating the protein in green leaves, as most of the nitrogen is in non-protein form, but I think it can- adequately replace protein of an equal nitrogen value, and I have found that when freshly gathered green leaves are a daily part of a child's diet, very little protein is needed for development, apart from wholemeal..

Autumn is the easiest time of year for preparing meals, as there is an abundance of lettuce and apples available. I would advise every vegan mother to store away as many keeping apples as she possibly can, so that they will last the family until next May. The following are suggested meals for a one-year-old during the autumn (a two-year-old need not have so much sieved, but otherwise the same).

SUNDAY

On

rising

Breakfast

Lunch

Tea ^MONDAY

- •

O n rising Breakfast

Glass of water in w h i c h raisins have been soaked overnight.

• Finely-sliced peaches, or sieved dried peaches soaked overnight, fingers of .toast and homemade marmalade.

2 sieved tomatoes, dessertspoon finely-chopped lettuce, dessertspoon mashed cooked peas.

Grated raw apple beaten up with a little nut cream and Froment.

Glass of carrot juice and water, wholemeal sandwiches of grated carrot and Betox.

Glass of orange juice and water.

(Fruit meal) Grated apple and teaspoon Froment, dessertspoon chopped raisins..

THE VEGAN Lunch

Tea

TUESDAY

On

rising

Breakfast s

Lunch Tea WEDNESDAY

On rising Breakfast Lunch ' Tea

THURSDAY

On rising Breakfast Lunch

FRIDAY

Tea On rising Breakfast Lunch

Tea SATURDAY

On rising Breakfast Lunch

* Tea

17-

'

Mashed baked potato, dessertspoon finelychopped lettuce, sieved tomato, dessertspoon grated raw carrot, teaspoon cooked lentil.

Baked apple stufted with 2 dates.

Glass orange juice and water, mashed banana, with dessertspoon juice from soaked- figs.

Wholemeal sandwiches of mashed banana.

Glass blackberry juice (preferably home-made) . and water.

- Muesli—teaspoon oatmeal, dessertspoon chopped. raisins, grated raw apple, 6 grated hazel kernels, teaspoon Froment.

- Small well-chopped salad, with mashed steamed cauliflower,, chopped orange and Frugrains.

- Glass of diluted tomato juice, sandwiches of wholemeal, Kosher margarine and sieved tomato.

- Fresh grapefruit juice, sweetened with a little Barbados sugar, and water.

- Chopped orange and chopped raisins, with a little Pitman's Vitanut Flakes.

- Sieved tomato, chopped lettuce.

Tablespoon prunes with Soylac custard.

- Raisin water, grated apple with £ mashed banana. Wholemeal crust.

- Carrot juice and water.

- 2 raw ripe tomatoes skinned, chopped very finely. Fingers of wholemeal toast.

- Sieved cooked spinach, chopped lettuce, grated carrot and mashed peas.

Sieved apricot and diluted nut cream.

- Prune Juice, muesli.

- Diluted blackcurrant juice (preferably homemade) sweetened with a little sugar.

- Grated apple with juice from soaked diced bananas, Froment, a few ground nuts.

- Tablespoon mashed mixed vegetables cookcd in casserole, mixed with chopped lettuce and grated carrot. Baked apple stuffed with chopped raisins.

- 1 Diluted tomato juice, sandwiches of sieved, tomato.

- Apple juice (made from cores of grated apples boiled in water and sieved, sweetened with Barbados sugar).

- Muesli: made with pear instead of apple.

- Small chopped salad with cooked peas and mashed baked potato.

Frugrains soaked in apple juice.

- Cup of Soylac (small teaspoon to cup of hot water, stirred well, pinch of sugar added and allowed to cool), mashed ripe banana in wholemeal sandwiches.

[Kindly address all correspondence on baby matters direct to " Braeside," Thornhill Road, Streetly, Staffs.—K.V.M.]

THE VEGAN 18-

18

SEASONAL

RECIPES

B y M r s . M . B.

RAWLS

. O n i o n and T o m a t o

Pie.

\ lb. onions, \ lb. tomatoes, 2 ozs. ground nuts, 2 ozs. breadcrumbs, 3 tablespoons of Savormix, 1 teaspoon mixed herbs, 1 teaspoon Yeastrel.

Peel and slice the onions and partly cook in 2 teacups of water. Slice the t o m a t o e s and put into a well-greased dish. .Strain the onions and arrange t h e m o n top of the tomatoes.

Into the onion stock stir the remainder of the .ingredients, mix well and spread evenly over the vegetables.

Bake i n a moderate o v e n for ^-rhour.

.*

Vegetable Balls.

1 large cooked potato, 2 ozs. Savormix, I large cup cooked peas ( o r equal quantity of soaked cooked and mashed green split peas), 1 grated onion and a little Yeastrel or seasoning.

M a s h all t h e ingredients well together, form into balls and roll in ground TlUtS.

Stuffed Tomatoes.

It is best to use large firm tomatoes for this savoury. Cut a thin slice off the top of each and scoop out the pulp taking care not to break the skin. Put the tomato cases on a flat greased dish. T o the pulp add sufficient nuts and breadcrumbs and a little grated raw onion to make a fairly stiff mixture.

A d d a f e w .mixed herbs, and s c o o p the mixture back into t h e t o m a t o cases. Bake in a hot oven for about 20 minutes.

Baked Fruit Pudding.

6 ozs. breadcrumbs, 1 oz. ground nuts, 2 ozs. fat, 2 ozs. sugar, mixture of partly-cooked fruit. ( A p p l e s with plums or black-. berries are good, cooked with a little sugar or preferably dates, 4 ozs. of which will sweeten 1 lb. of apples, etc.).

Put the partly-cooked fruit in a greased pie-dish.

Cream the fat and sugar together, add the breadcrumbs and nuts.

Spread the mixture over t h e fruit and bake in a moderate oven for about £ hour.

Date Mould. pints water or citrus stock ( m a d e by soaking orange and l e m o n peel in water for at least 24 hours), 4 ozs. dates, 2 teaspoons Gelozone, 2 ozs. sugar (or less), 2 tablespoons Soylac M i x the Gelozone with £ pint of liquid, stirring very carefully to avoid lumps.

M i x the Soylac with the remaining liquid and add the Gelozone.

Leave to stand while the dates are washed and cut up into small pieces.

Bring the Soylac 'and Gelozone slowly to the boil, stir in the dates and sugar, cook for a few minutes. Pour into a mould and turn out when cold.

If n o citrus stock is available, a little vanilla can be added. a Plum Flan.

•J lb. ripe plums, 4 ozs. dates, 1 tablespoon nut cream.

Cut and stone the plums and arrange on prepared pastry. W a s h and cut up the dates into a pan, add a very little water and heat just long e n o u g h to mash the dates to a smooth mixture. Spread this over the plums, w h i p up the nut cream with very little hot water and arrange carefully over t h e dates and plums.

THE VEGAN

19-

Banana Cream.

1 pint water, 2 tablespoons Soylac, $ lb. dried bananas.

Mix the Soylac and water together very gradually and bring to the boil, stirring all the time. Mince the bananas and stir them into the Soylac, simmer for a minute and then pour into a dish.

Oatmeal and Currant Cookies.

4 ozs. Suenut, 3 ozs. Barbados sugar, 1 large teaspoon black treacle or syrup, 6 ozs. wholemeal flour, 4 ozs. medium oatmeal, 2 ozs. currants, 2 tablespoons hot water, little grated lemon rind if available.

Grate the Suenut into a bowl, add sugar and" hot water and beat together until soft and creamy. Add the other ingredients and mix well.

Form into small 'lumps on a greased baking sheet and bake in moderate oven about £ hour, or until brown and firm enough to lift off the tin on to a wire tray to cool.

Chocolate Fudge. i lb. brown sugar, 1 tablespoon black, treacle or syrup, 2 ozs. margarine or nut butter, 1 dessertspoon cocoa, 1 tablespoon Soylac, 2 tablespoons water.

Put all the ingredients in a pan and boil until it will set. (When a small piece is dropped in a cup of cold water it will harden.) Add the cocoa and Soylac stirring in very carefully to avoid lumps. Pour into a! flat greased dish and cut into squares when cold.

As there is everywhere a. very good, crop of fruit and vegetables •this year, all housewives should do their best to bottle and store as much as possible to help provide interesting meals during the coming winter.

[All enquiries and suggestions on Food Preparation should be sent to Mrs. Rawls at 220 Northenden Road, Sale, Cheshire.]

SOYLAC Following the reference to this commodity which appeared in the Summer number of' both " T h e Vegan," and " T h e Vegetarian," a great many enquiries were received and this is a copy of the circular sent in reply: — • " S O Y L A C is a new vegetable milk in powder form made from soya flour and other cereal starches, being slightly sweetened with natural sugars and malt. It is easy to use and stores well in a tin it is a nutritious and economical food which, can be used dry in place of dried eggs and household milk: • or it can also be made into a liquid to replace cow's milk in .beverages, with cereals or in cooking: it is also suitable as an infant food.

T o make a liquid milk, use 2 tablespoons Soylac to a pint of water and mix very carefully with cold water first and then gradually add either hot or cold water according to requirements, whisking very well with a Harmony or Horlick's Mixer or an egg whisk. It is best if left to cool and settle before 'using in tea, but hot and frothy it is an excellent addition to coffee or cocoa.

This product is not yet on the retail market but is being distributed privately by The Vegan Society to its members through local distributors.

It is' l / 5 d . per lb. plus postage. T o facilitate this voluntary work, will you kindly send cash with order and also a suitable tin for packing."

The following are Local Distributors of Soylac: Miss D . B. Reeves, 39 Wellfield Road, Roath Park, Cardiff;. Mr. G. Herriof Hunter, 53 Partickhill Road, Glasgow, W . l ; Mr. Howell Ritson, Redhall, Ballycarry, Co. .Antrim.

THE VEGAN 20-

20

VEGANS OVERSEAS By

EDWIN

T.

SMITH.

O

N E of the many pleasing features of the Vegan Movement is the fact that our friends and supporters are to be found all ,over the world.

Widely separated as most of these vegans are, there must come a feeling now and then that they are very much removed from the centre of the movement. But even in a small country like England, by no means all the vegans have met each other personally.

So our main line of communication is through the post, and we are anxious to link up friends and supporters wherever they may be. Please therefore write and discuss your triumphs and your problems, either to the headquarters at Rydal or to me at 16 Hazelwood Road, Leicester.

S o m e points from recent letters may be. of interest to all readers: — Mr. Fred de Aryan writes from California praising veganism as a forward step, but pleading that there should be greater knowledge of economics and social sciences so that the world's food supplies may be adjusted for the c o m m o n good.

Mr. J. J. Flannery of Brooklyn, N.Y., is taking an active interest in the N o r t h American membership generally.

H e is investigating the natural, sources of vitamin D other than sunshine, and adds that though fruits and juices are plentiful over there, prices are high.

Many of us are apt to think anyone living in the tropics must have vegan produce in abundance. Mrs. von Krusenstierna in Singapore paints a very different picture " . . . there is so little choice in food; we cannot get ready-made Health Foods and soya-butter, such as are available in western countries. There is no shortage of food here at all, but the vegetables are always of a poor, dry kind, and to eat them raw we have to wash them carefully with soap."

D r . Liber of New York thinks that the boot is on the wrong foot when we call ourselves " Vegans."

H e suggests that the lacto-ovo-vegetarians should have had the trouble of finding another name for themselves, on the ground that we are the true vegetarians.

Back in 1934, Dr. Liber wrote a book called " Shall W e Eat Flesh? " and in it he wrote, " The lists of foods that follow show clearly, that anybody, child or adult, can find a sufficient variety of plant foods to make animal products entirely unnecessary."

W e feel sorry for Mr. H. G. Wakefield in South Africa, who is compelled by circumstances to dine in company with nearly a' dozen. meateaters, but the sight (and smell) of their malpractices only confirms Mr. Wakefield in his belief in the vegan way of life.

This little survey shows us that champions of our cause are setting an Example to the rest of mankind in many parts of the world. But they are conducting a lonely struggle, and in all pioneering work it is of tremendous help to know that others are working on similar lines.

A poster widely displayed recently described as FOOD FOR PEACE—Lamb, Beef, Pork, Butter, Cheese, Honey, Apples from New Zealand, and vegans might well exclaim : "Peace, indeed! For whom? Certainly not for the creatures immediately concerned." And now we read that "on the advice of the British Ministry of Food, New Zealand will not send 50,000 cases of apples she had promised; this change having been dictated by the urgency for meat shipments."

Seemingly, from our point of view, "things have got to be worse before they're better!"—ED.

21-

THE VEGAN

LOCAL GROUPS London ( S e c : Mr. Donald Cross, 9 2 Ashford Road, Iver Heath, Bucks.)

Oct. 7.—Opera Party, " T h e Barber of Seville." Cambridge Theatre.

N o v . 15—Ramble, 10.52 Charing Cross, 11.31 Hayes, followed by tea and Social Evening.

N o v . 2 6 . — " Principles—and Livelihood."—The Editor.

Manchester ( S e c : Miss A n n E. Owens, 2 Gibb Lane Cottages, N o r t h e n d e n , Manchester.)

Oct. 11—Milton Hall, 6 p.m., Social Gathering of T h e Vegetarian Society.

Vegans please attend.

Birmingham ( S e c : Mrs. K. V . Mayo, " Braeside," Thornhill Road, Streetly, Staffs.)

Yorkshire ( S e c : Mrs. Helen Green, 29 'Marshall Ave., Cross Gates, Leeds.)

Bristol ( S e c : Mrs. Edith H u g h e s , - 9 1 Rookery Road, Knowle, Bristol, 4.)

V e g a n Section of the Scottish Vegetarian Society.—Please Mia H . Cram, Wheelhouse, Beith, Ayrshire.

write to Miss

QUOTATIONS " The green-leaf vegetables have the highest amount of alkaline elements, especially sodium, calcium and iron, which are essential for the formation of normal and healthy blood." " The organic salts enter the system as fully 'oxidised compounds and, therefore, furnish practically no heat and energy. Nevertheless, they hold the key to nearly all the material manifestations of life. T h e y are the builders of sound and normal cells and tissues, giving them firmness and form." " They are the essential factors to digestion and assimilation, as ingredients of the digestive juices regulating the osmotic exchange between lymph and blood and cells. They are indispensable in the formation of 'the secretions of the ductless glands or hormones, which probably regulate nearly all of the vital processes of the body." " They are the scavengers of the body and purifiers of the blood, neutralising the waste products, uric acid, carbonic acid, etc., and assisting in removing them from the system."

—From Vital Facts about Foods, by OTTO CARQUE. THE WISE MEN T h e W i s e -Men c a m e f r o m the East and said : " Y o u don't need much with your daily bread— A little fruit and a bunch o£ herbs, For richer f o o d y o u r health disturbs."

But no o n e listened to their words, T h e y feasted on their flocks and h e r d s ; A n d many aches and pains they had, And some w e r e sick, and most were sad.

T h e W i s e M e n came 'from the East and said : " Y o u don't need much with y o u r daily bread."

MARION

REID.

These lines are available in cards five inches by four inches, attractively printed in green, at one shilling per dojen, and envelopes to match, fourpence per dozen, from the Secretary of The Vegap Society.

22

THE VEGAN 22-

MISCELLANEOUS (Two

ADVERTISEMENTS.

lines, 2 / 6 : extra lines, 1/- ea.; 20% allowed

on four consecutive

issues.)

T H E H A R M O N Y MIXER.—Perfectly mixes, in a few seconds, nut creams; Soylac, baby foods, soups, etc. Really efficient, strong, hygienic. Standard model ( 2 pints), 7/6; Junior model (1 pint), 5 / 6 , plus postage 6d.— From Ivor H . Sercombe " Harmony," Eastleigh Road, Devizes, Wilts.

N A T U R E C U R E . — A Training College and Clinic for necessitous patients is being established in London, and donations for this vital work will be gratefully acknowledged by the Secretary, Britisl Naturopathic Association College Foundation, Flat 23, 140, Park Lane, W . l .

S P E A K I N G and WRITING.—Lessons (correspondence or visit), 5/-; classes, 1 / 6 . Dorothy Matthews, B.A., 32, Primrose Hill Road, London, N . W . 3 .

PRImrose 5686.

A C C O M M O D A T I O N , with board, wanted by man, in or near Chingford or London, E.4. B M / T R Y , London, W . C . I .

B R O M L E Y , KENT.—Accommodation for guest, short or long visits.

Half-hour London.

Part board, vegetarian or vegan meals.

Homely.

Mrs. Muriel Drake, Spar'thfield, 7 Wanstead Road.

RAVensbourne 2809.

W O R K W A N T E D in Vegan establishment. Terms by arrangement, • A. H o l t , 27 Scarisbrick Street, Southport.

Mr.

V E G A N D R E S S S H O P . — W i t h a view to starting a salon, preferably in Dublin or London, dress designer wishes to contact dressmaker or tailor accustomed to exclusive trade. Talent and energy (minus capital) this end.

Interview Manchester early October.

Moira Henry, 95 Moyne Road, Ranelagh, Dublin. " V E G A N RECIPES."—By Mrs. Fay K. Henderson.

Appetising and Nutritious Fare without animal or dairy products. Price 2s. 8d..post free from Rydal Lodge, Ambleside, Westmorland.

A L T O N , H A N T S . — L a d y would Box H 3 , T h e Vegan Society.

like

sleeping

accommodation. — Wrife

E L D E R L Y G E N T L E M A N , artist, healthy and active, living alone, sometimes travelling, requires educated gentleman V e g a n as companion-help.

Perfect sense for order and cleanliness essential. Living in. Please state experience, age, salary: references. B C M / L L O Y D , London, W.C.I. Establishments where V e g a n Diet is provided.

P E N A R T H . — " Vegetarian Home," Rectory Road. Rest, change, relaxation.

Ideal situation. Pleasant holiday resort. Overlooking sea.

Attractive, generous catering. Comfortable, peaceful.' Children welcome. Moderate.

L A K E D I S T R I C T . — B e c k Allans and Rothay Bank, Grasmere. Attractive guest houses for strenuous or restful holidays. First-class vegetarian and Vegan diets. Modern conveniences. Write: Isabel'James.

S C O T L A N D . — W e s t Highland Coast. Vegans welcomed in private house in grand situation overlooking sea-loch.

Donald . and Muriel Crabb, Achaglachgach, West Loch, Tarbert, Argyll.

S O M E R S E T . — F o o d Reform Guest House in 16 acres fruit and vegetables.

Easy reach of Weston-s.-Mare, Cheddar, etc.

Lovely views and local walks. Vegans, and those wishing to sample Veganism, especially welcome.

All Vegetarians catered for.—Amy Little, Uplands, Winscombe; tel. 2257.

23-

THE VEGAN ST.

C A T H E R I N E ' S S C H O O L , Almondsfcury, Nr. Bristol.—Progressive co-educational boarding school for children of all ages, specialising in music, dancing, crafts, etc., in addition to usual academic subjects.

400 ft. up, overlooking Channel and Welsh Hills.

O w n produce.

Vegans catered for.

C A M B R I D G E . — O n e or two, patients can be accommodated, for rest and recuperation with or . without treatment.

V e g a n diet.

Colonic irrigation, massage, etc. Mrs. E. Jepp (late Champneys), 19B, Victoria Street, Phone 2867.

LAKE D I S T R I C T . — " W a t e r f o o t " Guest House,. Ullswater, overlooking lake. Ordinary, vegetarian and vegan diets. Brochure from Mrs. Gladys Frost. ( W h e n replying to Advertisements, please mention " The

Vegan.")

BOURNEMOUTH The all-the-yeavround

health resort

MERRYLANDS Where a small number of Vegans, Vegetarians, and those seeking the true and peaceful way of life are welcomed. Most bracing part of Bournemouth: twopenny 'bus ride to Square, beach, Canford Cliffs and Poole.

Secluded garden with fruit and vegetables grown by clean methods. .

H o t and cold basins and electric fires all rooms.

Peaceful atmosphere, spacious rooms, excellent beds.

N o smoking.

Write: Mrs. Elsie Neale, Merrylands, N e w t o n Crescent, Parkstone, Dorset.

Tel.:

PARKSTONE

1054

RYDAL LODGE AMBLESIDE, WESTMORLAND This V E G A N CENTRE is open all the year round and winter guests would be made very welcome.

Bookings now for special parties at Christmas and New Year.

Brochure and terms from Mrs. Fay K. Henderson.

An address on . . . .

VEGANISM

delivered by D O N A L D W A T S O N on August 2nd, 1947.

Available as pamphlet, 6d. each post free from The Secretary of The Vegan Society.

CREAM-MAKING TO PERFECTION Get the utmost from the limited supplies of Nutcream and other fats obtained from Health Food Stores by using the

"BEL" CREAM MAKER Both Pedestal and Clamp Models available A simple and effective machine which quickly • prepares excellent Milk or Cream A N E C E S S I T Y IN ALL V E G A N ( A N D O T H E R ) KITCHENS Price (including postage, etc.)

A

-

£2 4s. 6d.

f e w h a l f - g a l l o n tins of Pure S w e e t A l m o n d Oil available. per tin, carriage and "packing l / 6 d . extra.

Price J£2/10S.

FROM T H E VEGETARIAN SOCIETY, 3 9 , W I L M S L O W ROAD, RUSHOLME, MANCHESTER 14.

SCIENTIFIC

BREATHING

plus Food Reform will give 100% results in G O O D H E A L T H . Learn how to breathe properly. I can teach you EXPIRATORY BREATHING, T H E ONLY C O R R E C T M E T H O D of breathing. Your health improved enormously. A S T H M A T I C and BRONCHIAL subjects will find in these exercises the cure they have vainly sought elsewhere.

One guinea will secure you the Exercises. arranged by appointment.

• J.

SHELL,

16,

LIME

GROVE,

SEYMOUR

MANCHESTER

16.

GROVE,

Personal Tuition

OLD

TRAFFORD,

BLESS THEIR HEARTS.. .

IT'S

THEIR FRU-GRAINS

FRU-GRAl.NS is good for children; good for their health, good for their appetites, good for morale. O f course it's in short supply, because so many of the ingredients that go to make its crispy, crunchy, fruit-flavoured grains are scarte. But what a reward for Mother . . . and all the grown-ups Stocked by Health Food Stores, and . . . when they see the kiddies' joy on " F R U many High - Class.

Grocers, but demand GRAINS morning." tcncrally ex'ted suHlv ' MAPLETON'S

FRU-GRAINS (Formarly HONEY-GRAINS)

MAPLETON'S NUT FOOD Co., Ltd. (Dtp!. V.N.50), GARSTON, LIVERPOOL 19

VESOP CONCENTRATED EXTRACT OF VEGETABLE

Specially

LIQUID PURE ORIGIN

recommended to Vegetarians and those on diet

Stimulating and Aids Digestion U S E S : Natural Clear Soup, Savour)' H o t Soup. Imparts delicious flavour to all Soups, Stews, Gravies, etc.

Sr^Ss^ j

Ask your Health Food Store for

VESOP

1/6 per 8-oz. bottle Manufactured only by

VÂŤop Products, Ltd., 498 Hcrrjey Road, Loudon, N.19 'Phone: Ancnu'/.r 2457

Literature available

THE

VEGAN

from

SOCIETY

Vegetarian Recipes Without Dairy Produce" By

MARGARET B .

HAULS,

Contains successful, recipes for 13 savouries and U

sweets.

2d. post free.

" Should Vegetarians Eat Dairy Produce ? " By

DONALD

WATSON.

An eight-page pamphlet dealing with the question from several points of view.

3d. post free.

"Is Milk A Curse?"

B Y JAMES A . GOODKELLOW.

M.B.,

C.M.

A pamphlet in which this well-known doctor advances arguments warning against the use of animals' milk.

4d. post free.

" Health Without Dairy Produce BY

DR.

W.

H.

WHITE.

4d. post free.

" Man's Natural Food " BY

DR.

SYDNEY M .

WHITAKER.

7d. post free.

"The Vegan" Springy Summer and A u t u m n Numbers, lOd. post free.

Please note.â&#x20AC;&#x201D;-There are available for propaganda purposes copies of the M a n i f e s t o and the Summer and Autumn^ 1946, numbers of " T h e Vegan," and these will be sent to anyone wishing a supply for free distribution.

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From T h e Secretary, Rydal Lodge, Ambleside, Westmorland.

Printed by

H . H. GREAVES, LTD., 106/10,

Lordship Lane,

S.E.22.