T H E VEGAN SOCIETY Founded November,
1944
Veganism is the practice of living on the products of the plant kingdom— to the exclusion of all animal foods—proceeding from a wide consideration of man's true place in nature. The objects of the Vegan Society are to provide in thought and practice for the advance of veganism, and to relate veganism to every aspect of creative co-operation between man and nature.
President: Mrs. E. B. SHRIGLEY, Vice-President: Mr. JACK SANDERSON, Essex. Honorary Secretary: Mrs. E. V. BATT, Honorary Treasurer : Miss W I N I F R E D SIMMONS,
, Purley, Surrey. Upminster, , Enfield, Middlesex. London,
N . W . I 1.
Committee:
Miss BARBARA, Mrs. E . V. BATT, Mrs. SERENA C O L E S , Mrs. M U R I E L DRAKE, DT. F . R. E L L I S , Miss CHRISTINA HARVEY, Miss MABEL S I M M O N S , M r s . DOROTHY THOMSON. Vegan Distribution Secretary: Mrs. S. COLES,
Purley, Surrey. Commodities Investigator: Middlesex.
Mrs. E. V. Batt,
, Enfield,
Minimum subscription, which includes " T h e Vegan,"' 10s. Od. per annum, payable in January. Life Membership, £8 8s. Od.
THE VEGAN JOURNAL OF THE VEGAN SOCIETY Editor: Mr. JACK SANDERSON, Upminster, Essex. Advertisements: H. H. G R E A V E S LTD., 106/110 Lordship Lane, London, S.E.22. Published quarterly: Annual subscription, 5/- post free: single copies, Is. 3d. post free. Obtainable from the Hon. Secretary.
LITERATURE " Declaration and Rules of the Vegan Society." 2 page leaflet. Free. " The Reasons for Veganism." 4 page leaflet. Free. " V e g a n Protein Nutrition." 12 page leaflet. 1/-. " A Handbook of Practical Veganism." 24 pages with cover. Obtainable from the Hon. Secretary. Postage extra. 2/6d.
THE V E G A N Journal Vol. XII
of the Vegan Autumn,
Society
1961
No. 5
EDITORIAL F A L L OR
FALL-OUT
In the U.S.A. and Canada the Autumn season is usually referred to as the Fall We hope that this season will not be remembered for its "fall-out." As the world lives dangerously on the very brink of self-destruction, it still for the most part seems unaware of the lasting dangers inherent in nuclear explosions. As stated elsewhere in this issue, reformers of all kinds, and unreformed, could all cease to exist if a ghastly mistake was made by just one of hundreds of military personnel scattered all over the earth's surface. This new and mighty threat to earthly existence represents a culmination of the antithesis of veganism and cannot and should not 'be ignored. The situation demands a mighty focussing of thought and prayer of all those who worship at the thrones of Love, Ahimsa, Veganism, Compassion, Agape or whatever terms we use to denote that deep caring-for all Life and its Source. This powerful force—a completely unselfish force—is the most powerful in the Universe, and only such a force played upon the actors in the great drama which we may witness in the next six months w.ill bring us safely through this dangerous period and transform it into a new beginning. We in Che Society are working towards new beginnings, and as the years go by the idea of veganism is becoming more widely known and is finding a way slowly but surely into the press, the radio and the public mind. It has become heard more and more in recent times in scientific and medical circles and, as can be seen from articles elsewhere in this issue, individuals can play their part—a vital one—in the statistical field, which ultimately proves point after point to the scientific and medical worlds and by sweet reason alone can influence many towards its ways. You are urged to do all in your power, in every way you can, to ensure that the positive forces of Ahimsa are used at this time to guide the world through the critical months that lie ahead. 1
and afterwards to turn the tide so that the forces of destruction shall be transformed into constructive forces that shall work towards and serve the brotherhood of Man and all Life everywhere. JACK SANDERSON. A MESSAGE FROM OUR SECRETARY I should like to take this opportunity to thank all the kind friends and well-wishers who have sent encouraging messages to me in my new position as your secretary. In passing I feel the comments of a business friend worthy of note. He said, " You should have your head examined ; the Society is doomed to die, it is only a matter of time. No humane, idealistic minority can exist for long under our economic system; the greed and apathy of the masses, plus the lethargy of most of the others all contribute to their death. You will spend the rest of your life and all your spare cash only to have the distinction of being its last member when you die." Of course we know that, in our case at least, he is wrong. Or do we only hope so ? We need YOUR help, dear reader, to disprove the truth of this cynical, though logical, forecast. When did you last enlist a new memiber ? Was it last week ? Or last year ? Or ? Have you written lately to your local paper about anything at all ? Do you take care to enjoy a sensible, balanced humane diet, so that you shall be a credit to veganism as well as a healthier, happier person ? Are you consistent with regard to clothing, etc., so that none can find a flaw in your tenets ? Have you tried to get your local library to put The Vegan into the reading room ? If they " cannot afford " 'to add another magazine, why not order a spare copy and ask them to accept it regularly ? Remember, ours is not another vegetarian society, animal welfare society, political ibody, or health organisation, yet so far-reaching and consistent are our aims and ideals that our way of life, if generally followed, would render most of these unnecessary. In a vegan community, not only would animal food disappear, but experiments on animals to test the toxicity of poisonous food additives would be entirely superfluous. I need not remind you that, with the pasture land released for the production of nourishing first-hand food, these islands, instead of having to import food for us and our food animals, could become a food-exporting nation. This alone would contribute much t o the peace of the world, by helping to wipe out starvation and discontent. Our platform is not anti-anything, but our positive, constructive policy is one of education by example. As more and more of us are living proof that, whatever calculations say to the contrary, it can, and is, being demonstrated that veganism works, our critics 2
(and doubting sympathisers) will soon admit the soundness of our ideals and practices, whether it be from a humanitarian, an economic or a health point of view. No matter how hard working or conscientious its members, it seems that almost all " do-good " societies, however high their aims, are in some way inconsistent. We have marched in protest against performing-animal acts, with women in fur coats ; we have dined with good people who, while discussing the ethics of vegetarianism and the horror of the slaughter-house, ate large quantities of cheese, which, quite apart from the cruel exploitation of the cow, contained rennet from the stomach of a new-born, freshly slaughtered calf ! We have joined H Bomb protest marches in various places, and for walks of varying lengths, and although many of our companions were interested (mostly for the first time) in our attempts to give the overall picture, few could really grasp the fact that legislation against this or that is not enough. The root CAUSE is the evil, and this must 'be replaced with constructive, united plans for a sound, sane civilisation with no NEED for pain-killing drugs, synthetic hormones, poison sprays, chemical fertilisers, wars on want, anti-vivisection, child protection, or even disarmament societies. These are not Criticisms. All of us, we presume, are making what contribution we are able at the time, but it must always be our aim to avoid all such inconsistencies in our own lives. As we have said before, all who are taking action of some kind are to be commended and helped, never criticised ; it is the apathy and inaction of the majority (usually because they have never been faced with the possibility of an alternative way of life) which aids and abets the forces of evil, even as in the past, they supported by their reluctance to act, and not their co-operation in, child labour, bear baiting, witch burning, etc., etc. Thank you all for your good wishes, and to those who want to know how they can help, I say—Spread the gospel and enrol new members. The best way to do this is by example, and another good way is to order a few extra copies of the Journal and give them away. There are many non-vegans who would like to take opr magazine regularly so as to learn more about our ideas— help us to find them. EVA BATT. VEGAN MEETINGS The Annual General Meeting This will be one of the most important meetings for years for, apart from our normal business, we shall be revising the Rules. This will be in line with all other such societies as ours, to comply with the new laws concerning charities, societies and voluntary movements. If you possibly can, you are urged to attend, or to 3
send your modifications, nominations and views to the Secretary. There will be refreshments, speakers and a social evening after the formal business, and the meeting provides an excellent opportunity for vegans to meet together. The A.G.M. will be held on Saturday, October 21st, 1961, at the headquarters of The London Vegetarian Society at 53, Marloes Road, Kensington, London, W.8. (Down the side of Pontings.) September 23rd. On this Saturday at 6.30 p.m. a discussion and social evening (with refreshments) will be held at 84, Cornwall Gardens (off Gloucester Road), Kensington, London, S.W.7. Ring Mrs. Thomson (KNI 0341) for travel and other information. Among the speakers will be Mrs. (Rosemary) Maidwell-Dodd. who has kindly agreed to give a talk on " Sprouting Seeds and Grain." She is a member of the " Beauty Without Cruelty " Committee, and would herself like to know something of the vegan way of life, especially with regard to milk alternatives, so members might be prepared with their pet nut-milk recipes and other hints. THE VEGAN LIBRARY The Librari nd he houses the books at his home at , Tunbridge Wells. The Library continues to grow gradually, and we now have over 200 books and pamphlets. We would remind members that gifts of books on a wide range of subject's broadly related to living reform and humanitarianism will be gratefully received. Also needed are text-books and reference books on all aspects of science, particularly botany, zoology, and bio-chemistry. Further subjects of importance are psychology, new thought, yoga, and so on. The Committee allocates a small sum of the Society's money each year towards building up the library, so that there will be a comprehensive and useful selection of books available to members when we eventually become established in our own premises. How to Borrow a Book Members (only) are asked to send l/6d. in stamps of small denominations, with their request for a book, and to return the book within three weeks of receiving it. Only one book at a time may be borrowed. Lists of library books will appear in The Vegan from time to time. Books that are starred advocate, refer to, or make provision for, veganism in one form or another. * Vital Facts About Foods, by Otto Carque. *The Fountain of Youth, by Arnold de Vries. * Abundant Health, by Julius Gilbert White. *No Animal Food, by Rupert H. Wheldon. *Mucusless-Diet Healing System, by Prof. Arnold Ehret. *Vegetarian Cookery, by Dr. Pietro Rotondi (entirely vegan). *Your Vegetarian Baby, by Dr. Pietro Rotondi. 4
*Food Science for All, by M. Bircher Benner, M.D. *Children's Diet, by M. Bircher Benner, M.D. Food for the Golden Age, by Frank Wilson. The Recovery of Culture, by Henry Bailey Stevens. Kinship With All Life, by J. Allen Boone. *Intensive Gardening, by Dalziel O'Brien. Soil Fertility, Renewal and Preservation, by Ehrenfried Pfeiffer. Compost for Garden Plot or Thousand Acre Farm, by F. H. Billington. DEAD OR ALIVE! We have very recently received two requests for the cooperation of Vegans in two research projects. Dr. F. R. Ellis, who was recently co-opted on to our Committee, is ready to start a survey of vegans. This will entail the filling up of a questionnaire (a copy has been received) and also the taking of a blood sample. The latter could be taken at a local hospital toy the pathologist (Dr. Ellis would provide a suitable letter of introduction if required), or if the vegan concerned lived in the London area, either Dr. Ellis or another doctor at Kingston (who lives in N. London) might be able to manage it. Those willing to co-ope rite to the Editor or direct to Dr. Ellis at Minterne, , Epsom, Surrey. In a letter he says, " I think this survey is worth doing and would like to commence as soon as possible." Some vegans and vegetarians recently took part in a meeting in London addressed by Dr. Howard at which many doctors interested in nutrition were present. Dr. Howard discussed some of the results of recent tests on vegetarians and vegans with regard to vitamin B12 and smoking, etc., and a report will be given in a later issue. Meanwhile Dr. Howard has sent us the following note :— ANIMAL FATS AND CORONARY H E A R T DISEASE A . N . HOWARD, M . A . , Ph.D., Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge
Present scientific evidence suggests that coronary heart disease is caused by factors peculiar to our civilization. One such factor which has been implicated is the increased consumption of animal fats such as butter, eggs, cheese, milk and meat fats, and statisticians have shown that incidence of heart disease in any one country correlates with the intake of animal fats. Also, from animal experiments, it is known that a substance called cholesterol, present only in animal fats, will cause " atherosclerosis" or hardening of the arteries, which is a predominant factor in thecausation of coronary heart disease. Work in Cambridge has shown that butter and beef fat predispose to thrombosis in rats, while in Chicago coronary thrombosis has been produced in 5
monkeys by feeding a diet rich in eggs and butter. BUT THE F I N A L AND CONCLUSIVE ANSWER TO THIS PROBLEM CAN ONLY BE OBTAINED BY WORK ON MAN HIMSELF. Our group in Cambridge is anxious to make a study of the occurrence of atherosclerosis in vegans because, if current theories are correct, they should have no arterial disease and never die from coronary heart disease. Those vegans who wish to help could do so by agreeing to have a post-mortem examination following death. Results would take a number of years to evaluate, and the project could only succeed if a sufficient number volunteered. Those interested should write for further details to : Dr. A. N. Howard, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge.
BRITAIN AND THE BOMB EVA
BATT
The following is a report of a talk given recently in Kensington, London:— I make no apology for bringing active pacifism into this discussion of vegetarian matters. I hope to show that the two are to some extent interdependent. Although not all vegans are pacifists (presumably), and certainly not all pacifists are vegetarians, one would find it hard, I think, to imagine a really militant vegan. I will not bore you with yet another description of the Easter march itself; of far greater importance are our reasons for marching. Many people seem to think that these peace demonstrations are confined to this country; like the onlooker on Good Friday, who asked me why we did not get Germans and Americans to march ! The popular Press is responsible for this ignorance, for mostly they ignore the fact that similar marches take place in many other countries. The facts are t h a t : In Amsterdam, Holland, 2,000 marched in support of disarmament; even in America 6,500 marched in New York and San Francisco ; 20,000 marched in Germany, and 20,000 marched in Copenhagen ; while the figure for London is not certain as the numbers were too great for the enumerators. One police estimate, however, was for 150,000 in Trafalgar Square. I believe only Peace News mentioned the Quaker peace vigil which surrounded the recruiting offices in Times Square in New York in continuous prayer for world peace. This lasted from 4 p.m. on Good Friday to sunrise on Easter Sunday. Maybe it is significant that it was the first public act by Quakers as a body in New York since World War n . I took my usual stroll on Good Friday, and this year I started 6
with thousands of others from the beautiful village of Finchingfield, and once again the organisation was perfect. Here were Christians and atheists; Catholics and Jews; Socialists and Conservatives ; Quakers and Communists; Adventists and anarchists; professional men and labourers; students and lay-abouts ; black men and white ; yes, and a few " frustrated angry young men " as well, all united in a common desire to be allowed to live and let live. I have heard this quiet, peaceful demonstration described as " undignified " ! Humanity is teetering on the brink of annihilation, yet, with masterly inactivity, men can talk of dignity ! What a strange set of values we have set ourselves ! How much dignity has a corpse ? It does no credit to our cause to be so heavenly-minded that we are no earthly use. . . . One day this month an American bomber was shot down by one of their own missiles—because someone pushed the wrong button ! TTie missile was fired " accidentally " from a fighter plane on a practice flight over New Mexico. The fighter was making training passes at the bomber. Five times it streaked past. On the sixth pass a " sidewinder " missile " was released," said the U.S. Air Force. It struck the bomber and sent it diving into wild, mountainous country. Note the wording " was released." In spite of the importance of this news (it could have been a matter of life and death for humanity, for this is how conflagrations can start after the hate pattern has been well laced with fear), we have heard no more, not even whether the crew were ever found. Thus can the Press be silenced when it is in the interests of the politicians. But this is not an isolated example of " near miss " accidents with weapons of war in peace time. I should like to read you a very few examples from last week's copy of Tribune, remembering that the U.S. have an estimated 10,000 nuclear devices. " In North Carolina a Nuclear Weapon was accidentally dropped by a B47 in flight, with a chemical explosion on impact." Hardly calculated to inspire confidence in us as we hear the American planes on " practice" flights over here with their "perfectly s a f e " missiles complete with loaded nose cones! And again, " Four more ' Broken-Arrows' have occurred in plane crashes in America. One occurred in England, another in North Africa." And "A nuclear-armed B47 exploded on the ground at a Louisiana base." " The chances are of the order of 1 in 100 that an American weapon will explode at some time in the next ten years." " Russian weapons may offer a greater risk." "Add the possibility of a human error—and the probability of an accidental nuclear explosion is raised to something considerably higher than one chance in fifty." 7
And so on and so on. These are the risks with which the rulers of the world are gambling and juggling. Again, in Tomorrow's Children we read :— "And there is always the danger of an accident, to teach us in our own flesh and our children's flesh, what Marshall Islanders have already learned." " Missiles as powerful as the bomb that wiped out Hiroshima are now called ' tactical' weapons and may be used at the discretion of a local army commander." And why were the tests made ? Quite simply in the hope of producing a cheaper and more deadly bomb. The declared intention of our Government is to use the H Bomb " if the Russians were to launch a major attack against the West, even with only conventional forces." You and I do not even know what constitutes a " major attack." How can we be sure that some nervous local army commander, with the bomb in his possession, will not decide that the time has come to use the " tactical " weapon ? It is all so terribly final. There is a Spanish proverb which says, "A word or a stone, once launched, cannot be recalled." This also includes atom bombs. What puzzles me most of all is why so many are afraid of the alternative, unilateral disarmament, for this country. Really afraid that, without a deterrent, we would immediately be attacked by Riussiia. This matter of particular words is a tricky one. The most deadly weapons man can devise are acceptable as deterrents, and flying bombs are now missiles (or missies as the Americans say, in playing them down). The next will certainly be a " preventive " war, but have we not already had a war to end wars ? Every country claims that it does not want war. As far as the man in the street is concerned, that is certainly true. But it has been true before, and it has not saved him from wars in the past. What sort of protection can our bombs give us ? If Russia decided to attack, our country is so small and so sprinkled with " legitimate " targets in the form of American bases that we could be wiped out purely as a preliminary to an attack on America. Because of this, our country is in the best position of anyone to disarm. We have nothing to lose. For in the event of another war we shall be wiped out in any case, by one side or the other. There are those people, and there are many of them,'who tell us there are worse things than death. It is quite all right to cry " Death before Dishonour" if it is our own death we mean. When it is the death, or worse, of millions of other people and innocent creatures, we are not entitled to decide. It is unrealistic to pretend that our bombs can frighten anyone but ourselves, they are far too few. Whereas foreign bases in this country are an open invitation to America's enemies. 8
It is time we behaved like a great nation instead of pretending to behave like a Great Power. (Benn Levy said that, not me.) Without weapons of destruction, and the shocking waste of man-power and money that they demand, we should be in a position, not only to set an example to the rest of the civilised world, but to give considerable aid to the distressed peoples also. Thus spreading LOVE instead of fear. But it is not enough to get an agreement not to use the bomb ; what damage is the radioactive waste going to do even if we never explode one of the things in war ? Mr. Pirie, of the Rothamstead Experimental Station, reminds us that dumping it in the sea is not the answer. " Recognition of this fact is 'growing," he says, " but the .main effect so far has been to make the authorities in Britain and the United States more furtive in using rivers and the sea as dumps." He goes on : " The world is already producing eleven million gallons of radioactive waste a year, and the atomic age has hardly begun. If present methods of waste disposal continue, a serious rise in marine activity is feared." This I would describe as a typical English understatement. American scientists have calculated that the bombs already exploded will produce 8,000 grossly defective children, apart from stillbirths, etc. But we continue to make and stockpile these deadly offensive weapons in the name of peace! It takes our Government only 12 seconds to approve the expenditure of thirteen hundred million pounds of our money on these and other grim luxuries of war. This is at the rate of one hundred million pounds per second. A nod and anotiher one hundred million pound chance of destroying humanity can be set in motion ! (as reported in the Daily Herald, February 25th, 1960). One invariably finds that the subject is treated like a "dirty word " by those who still refuse to face the facts, and their reply is : " Oh, but they will NEVER be used, they are too dreadful! " Just what can these people be thinking about ? How far can self-deception go ? The bombs are " used " every time they are " tested," and they have been used on people too. And it was not the wicked Russian Communists who used them then either. But our gallant allies, with Britain's approval, were the murderers. Do you know that the death figures from the hospitals in Hiroshima of people who have been in there ever since that fateful day are no longer published in America, " Because they were so monotonous and depressing " ? Once again the newspapers are not interested in giving us the truth, but rather what is nice to read. In the past, preparation for war has never prevented war; on the contrary, it has usually precipitated it. I sincerely believe that there is no alternative to total disarmament other than total war. We want people to think further than peace in our time : we want them to understand that, in the long run, we really have 9
no choice. Unless some kind of diet reform is generally adopted, mankind will gradually starve himself out of existence—and conditions of hunger and hardship are ideal breeding grounds for the discontent which ends in war. Some young people are ready to listen, and they march because they feel they must protest against the way their elders have replaced statesmanship with brinkmanship and common sense with cold wars. These are the people we want to meet and talk to, and there are many of them in the lanes between Aldermaston and Trafalgar Square at Eastertime. On the other hand, the H Bomb may well be used tomorrow. I mean this literally, not figuratively, and for this urgent reason must be opposed with all the forces at our command, otherwise there may be no need for reform of any kind, no reformers, and no reformees !
BROILER CALF Oh little brown-eyed calf, so new to life, The meadows green, the flowing stream And blameless days of grazing in the sun. Even the quiet skies will mourn When you are harshly borne away, And hidden from the joyful day. No sapphire skies will smile, where close confined Your spirit there, in humid air And twilight gloom, will sicken day by day. The callous say you cannot yearn, For you have never leapt and run In rapture free beneath the sun. Yet who can say that you have never heard, Some distant strain, beneath your pain That dimly speaks through your instinctive mind, Of gentle fields your spirit knew With rivers running clean and sweet, And pastures green beneath your feet. And yet upon this golden Sunday noon Not far away, men kneeling pray To One who taught no sparrow lived in vain, And from the stained glass window Love Looks down, compassionate and calm, The rescued lamb upon His arm. —DOROTHY THOMSON. 10
FOUR-PAGE PULL-OUT, AUTUMN, 1961.
COMMODITY AND OTHER NEWS EVA BATT Messrs. James Macve, 48, George Street, Croydon, Surrey. The following products are all vegan and also quite free from any chemicals, bleaches, dyes or flavourings whatsoever. Diasna Diabetic Sugar, Diabetic Sugar Syrup, Diabetic Chocolate Syrup, Diasna Coconut Macaroons, Diasna Short Biscuits, Diasna Ginger Nuts, Diasna Lemon Buttons. Washing up and Washing down, what is the vegan housewife to use ? At first glance the chemical detergents seem to offer a real enough alternative to soaps and soap powders containing whale oil and tallow. Then we learn that not only are these harmful to human health (they cannot be completely removed from china) but the great quantities now being used are polluting our rivers and killing fish and other wild life. So it is back to soap for us, and the only household brand recommended by this Society is Rakusen's " Frum " in tablet and powder form. From your Health Store or Mrs. Muriel Drake, Healthiways, Tranquil Passage, Blackheath, S.E.3. From an announcement in the Crusade Newsletter recently, we.learned that Messrs. Herb-Royal will not supply animal feeding stuffs for the purpose of fattening up " broiler " animals. But this Company are,of course, in business to make a living, and unless sufficient people who support their ideals will also make a stand on such matters of principle it will go badly with them. We suggest all vegans with pet animals show their appreciation by giving practical support to Herb-Royal Ltd. when buying dog biscuits and cat meal. Not only this, but the food is jolly good too ! Since reading the announcement in the British Vegetarian we have twice been to the "Cranks Salad Table," off Regent Street, London, and on both occasions enjoyed an excellent vegan meal, in very comfortable surroundings. This is not an exclusively vegan establishment but the waitress will always advise members in their selection. We had large green salads selected from the wide range of fruits, vegetables and nuts; 100% wholemeal bread and freshly extracted vegetable juice. Delicious potato cakes, not always available, are entirely vegan'and one or other of the vegetarian margarines are always there if required. The Cranks Salad Table is open from 10 a.m. until 5 p.m. at the moment, but from September onwards it is hoped to extend the service to include evening meals. The address is 22, 11
Carnaby Street, off Great Marlborough Street, behind Liberty's. Nearest Tube station, Oxford Circus. We wish every success to the enterprising proprietors, and look to all interested in good food to support this venture whenever possible. Gilbert Harris Fruit Juices contain only some Barbados sugar. In 13 oz. bottles at 3s. 6d., from your Health Food Store, in the following kinds: —Peach, Guava, Pineapple, Raspberry, Quince, Red Currant, Strawberry, Blackberry, Black Cherry, Bilberry, Morella, Elderberry. Healthilife Organisation, 28, Park Grove, Bradford, Yorks. One of the aims of this Company, stated in their brochure, is to supply Quality all natural foods. They are not all vegan, of course, but the Sunflower Seed Oil, first cold pressings at 6s. per pint, Arachis (peanut) Oil at 5s. per pint and the vitamin C-rich Rose Hip Syrup at 9s. per pint are all delicious. If we are going to eat, for the sake of convenience, a certain amount of hydrogenated (hardened) vegetable fats, it is all the more important to include some non-saturated fats also in our diet. These oils, ideal for both salads and cooking, are an excellent way of ensuring that we get the essential fatty acids so vital to optimum health. The Healthilife Organisation welcome letters and will reply to enquiries in full detail. When writing, mention this Journal and ask for the booklet " Cooking with Vegetable Fats," a Healthilife brochure. (Remember our previous remarks concerning oil in capsule form. The capsule itself will contain animal substance.) Do you like macaroni but dislike white flour products ? Mrs. Drake can supply " Monte Rosa " Wholemeal Maccaroni from Healthiways. 2s. 6d. per packet. See address elsewhere. " Health Stores" Vegetarian Mincemeat contains only fruit plus vegetable fat. Both Christmas puddings and Lemon Curd, however, do have some eggs. We know the food value of linseed. Now the distributors of Saalvital Sunflower Seed Oil can supply " Linusit," made from specially grown, curative and edible linseed, without any admixture and containing all its natural ferments. Selective cultivation during 30 years has resulted in producing this particular linseed " Semen Lini Fink," which has a 50% higher fat content that ordinary linseed ; and the albumen, mucin and essential amino-acid content exceeds that occurring in ordinary linseed in both quantity and quality, while the fibre content is much lower. As for the important highly unsaturated fatty acids, it is claimed that " Semen Lini Fink " linseed contains nearly twice the quantity as ordinary linseed. For perfect assimilation the grains are split, not ground or shredded, thus retaining the full raw food value together with all the natural enzymes. For fuller details and recipe suggestions write to Sunprod
12
Sales, Station Road, Hugglescote, Coalville, Leicester. Please mention The Vegan. Thomas Mitchelhill. Digestive Biscuits. We regret to say that these are not now guaranteed to contain only vegetable fats all the year round, and also, at this time, contain a proportion of white sugar. It is hoped to dispense with this later. When Messrs. Mitchelhill can get a guarantee from the manufacturers of the special margarine used in the Digestive biscuits that this will not contain even a very small percentage of animal fats in future, we shall be very happy to include them in the Vegan List once again. As mentioned in our last issue, Messrs. Martins The Cleaners, of Apperley Bridge Works, Bradford, Yorks, now have an excellent postal service for the dyeing of Courtelle garments. We have tried this and were very pleased with the result. (A yellow dress dyed royal blue and then home-trimmed with coarse white lace, just right for the winter.) Dresses 15s., Cardigans 9s. 6d., TwoPieces 17s. 6d. Rimmel Ltd. Oatmeal Face Pack, Violet Scented Oatmeal, and Oatmeal Beauty Pack in sachets are the only Rimmel products not containing a small quantity of perfume which, in most cases, would include animal based " fixing " agents. (Musk, etc.) Winter non-" Woollies." Keep warm in Terylene " Crimplene " dresses and suits, and Thick-Knit Courtelle blazers. Jaeger make some really smart ones. For the soft, smooth drape of silk (without boiling any silk-worms) get blouses, etc., in Bri-Nylon "61." The Fairy Ring range by Baldine are really beautiful. For more practical day wear there are now mixture skirts of Terylene/Cotton or Terylene/Viscose Rayon. Read the ticket first as some are Terylene/Wool mixture. Only the ticket (and the price) denotes the difference.
PERFUME AND POISONED DARTS Phillip Street, in his article "Slaughtered for P e r f u m e " {Tit Bits, July 29th), describes the killing every year of tens of thousands of musk deer in China and Tibet with guns and poisoned arrows. The annual toll, he tells us, approaches 100,000 deer and, although only the male adult has this perfume attraction, the sexes are not easily distinguishable, and so all are killed indiscriminately. Their only crime is the possession of a pouch of sweet-scented grains no larger than a walnut lying at the base of the abdomen. There is no law to proteot these deer, who are therefore candidates for the next list of " almost extinct" creatures. This glandular secretion, so sought after by big business and vain or thoughtless women, is the hunter's prize, and is so precious 13
•that, although musk-deer venison is a delicacy, the musk hunter leaves the little dead bodies to rot. So let no vegetarian console himself that high-grade perfume is only a by-product of' the meat-eater's demands. The purchaser of the end-product is the real criminal. Neither may we console ourselves that perhaps OUR favourite perfume has one of the synthetic fixatives about which we have read. Opinion about the suitability of these is widely varied, even in the cosmetic industry itself. One further point—we may get a guarantee that such-and-such does not contain any musk in the perfume, but the musk deer, alas, is not alone in being sacrificed for our luxuries. The civet cat and the beaver are also cruelly exploited to provide heavenly perfume and handsome profits. As for ambergris, another perfume ingredient, this is neither more nor less than whale vomit. Because it floats on the sea, its production does not necessitate slaughter, but, according to the whaling expert Dr. Harry Lillie, much of the attraction of landing a sperm whale is the anticipation of finding some ambergris in the intestines! Making this product of incomplete digestion a much-sought-after prize to whalers and women alike. Of what use is it, though we most studiously avoid all foods of animal origin, if we conveniently forget the beaver and the bear, the civet and. the deer, when buying frivolous toiletries ? The sincere thanks of all of us are due to Mr. Street and Tit Bits for bringing some of ithese business practices to light in this popular weekly. Not only are many cosmetics the direct result of extremely cruel animal exploitation and slaughter, but some of the chemical and mineral ingredients have never been proved harmless, at best, and are often strongly suspected of having cancer-forming properties as well. But some guaranteed pure products are available, and this is a good time to remind members that quite a few of the Charles Perry Beauty Aids have been reduced in price. Send to 155, Pitshanger Lane for new price list and supplies by post. If more convenient these can be ordered from the secretary on the same terms. E. B. A Vegan Recipe Book. In response to many requests, mostly from new members, we are now collecting recipes for a vegan cook book, which will be ready, we hope, in the Spring. Members are invited to send their favourite recipe to the secretary for possible inclusion. This does not mean that food should be cooked, and, in our opinion, spoiled, but is intended as an aid to the beginner, the housewife in a family of mixed diets, and all of us who must at some time produce a " hot meal " for guests unwilling to change the habits of a lifetime. 14
FESTIVE MENU By MABEL SIMMONS (Suitable for Christmas and Other Winter Parties) Brown Soup. Stuffed Hazelnut Roast, Parsley Stuffing or Walnut Savoury. Brussels Sprouts, Braised Carrots, Roast Potatoes, Apple Sauce. Christmas Pudding, Mince Pies. Fruit Drink. Savoury Straws. Brown Soup \ lb. carrots. -J teaspoonful Barmene or Yeastrel. | lb. turnips. 2 'bay leaves. 1 onion 1 oz. nutter. 1 potato. 2 pints vegetable stock. i head of celery. Seasoning. 1 dessertspoonful of curry. Melt nutter, cut all vegetables into dice, braise, sprinkle over curry ; add bay leaves, seasoning, also stock. Simmer until cooked. Press through sieve. Re-iboil. Serve with cooked brown rice or croutons of toast. Stuffed Hazelnut Roast $ lb. milled hazel nuts. 1 oz. nutter | lb. fresh wholemeal bread1 medium sized onion, crumbs. Seasoning. Mix nuts, breadcrumbs and seasoning together. Cut onion finely, fry golden brown. Place cooked onions on mixture, pour over about 4 tablespoonfuls of thick brown sauce. Form into roll, cut through centre, place parsley stuffing on one half, cover with the other, make smooth. Place on greased tin, cover with greased paper. Bake in hot oven 30 minutes. Parsley Stuffing 1 lb. wholemeal crumbs. i teaspoonful thyme. 2 oz. vegetable margarine. Grated rind of lemon. 2 tablespoonsful chopped Celery salt. parsley. Mix all ingredients together, bind with wholemeal sauce. Apple Sauce i cup water.
1 lb. apples. 2 oz. brown sugar. Peel, cut and core apples. Place in saucepan with sugar and water. When cooked beat well. 15
Walnut and Tomato Savoury \ lb. milled walnuts. \ lb. tomatoes. 2 oz. wholemeal bread1 oz. nutter, crumbs. i onion. 3 oz. cooked wholemeal rice Cut onion finely, fry golden brown. Place onion in pie-dish, then add layer of cooked rice, also a layer of sliced tomatoes ; sprinkle over with walnuts, cover with bread-crumbs. Bake in hot oven 30 minutes. Christmas Pudding \ lb. currants. J lb. mixed chopped peel. \ lb. sultanas. ^ grated nutmeg. \ lb. seedless raisins. \ lb. fresh wholemeal bread\ lb. stoned raisins. crumbs. i lb. brown sugar. 2 oz. wholemeal flour. \ lb. grated suenut. 1 teacupful orange juice. Wash and dry all fruit; mix all ingredients together. Lastly stir in orange juice. Let mixture stand overnight. Put into greased basin, cover with greased paper and cloth. Steam eight hours; turn out of basin when cooked. Mince Pies Mincemeat i lb. currants. % lb. grated suenut i lb. sultanas. grated nutmeg. i lb. stoned raisins. Rind and juice of 1 lemon. i lb. brown sugar. J lb. chopped dates. \ lb. apples. Wash all fruit, chop finely, add grated lemon rind, apple, suenut, nutmeg. Mix all well together with fork, lastly adding lemon juice. Pastry for Mince Pies 1 lb. wholemeal i lb. nutter.
flour.
2 cups of water,
R u b nutter into flour, mix with water into a soft dough. Roll out thinly, line patty tins, place mincemeat in, cover with pastry, prick top. Bake in hot oven 15 to 20 minutes. Savoury Straws 1 lb. wholemeal flour. 1 teaspoonful Barmene or 2 oz. vegetable margarine or Yeastrel. nutter. Seasoning. i cup of vegetable stock. Celery salt. R u b fat into flour, add seasoning. Melt Barmene in stock, let cool. Pour a little at a time into flour mixture, make into a stiff dough. Roll out, cut into strips 2 inches long. Bake in hot oven 15 minutes. 16
BISCUITS FOR A PARTY Marzipan Shortbread Biscuits 3 oz. soft brown sugar, 6 oz. wholemeal self-raising flour. 1 oz. glace cherries. 3 oz. nutter. Cream fat and sugar, stir in flour, make into a stiff paste. Turn onto floured board, roll out thinly, cut into rounds. Place on greased baking sheet and bake in moderate oven 20 minutes. When biscuits are cold, spread a little marzipan over, place cherry in centre. Makes about 12 biscuits. Marzipan for Biscuits, Cakes and Fruits 6 oz. milled almonds. Essence of almond. 2 oz. soya flour. Rind and juice of lemon. 8 oz. soft brown sugar. Mix sugar, nuts, grated lemon rind together, add lemon juice and almond essence. Mix to a stiff consistency. It is then ready for use. Wholemeal Fruit Biscuits \ lb. wholemeal flour. ÂŁ lb. currants. Lemon and water. | lb. nutter. 4 oz. soft brown sugar. Rub fat into flour, add sugar and currants. Mix into a soft dough with liquid (about cup of lemon and water). Roll out in. in thickness, cut into squares and mark the top with a knife from corner to corner. Bake on greased baking tray 20 to 25 minutes until golden brown. Qiocolate Biscuits 4 oz. vegetable margarine. 4 oz. wholemeal flour. 2 tablespoonsful cocoa. 3 oz. soft brown sugar. Beat margarine and sugar together until creamy. Add flour and cocoa gradually. Mix well and let stand for \ hour. Flour pastry board and roll mixture out thinly. Cut into biscuits and bake in moderate oven 15 minutes. All enquiries about recipes should be se Simmons (Teacher of Vegetarian Cookery), London, N.W.I 1. Meadway 1710.
l ,
THE PLANTMILK SOCIETY The sixth Annual General Meeting of this Society will be held in Room 16, Friends' House, Euston Road, London, N.W.I, at 2.30 p.m. on Saturday, October 7th, 1961. We wish the Society success in its work, and members will look forward to hearing the annual report of progress. 17
PRACTICAL PAGE Sprouted Seeds Since our last issue appeared we have had several letters about sprouted grains—but not one posted in England ! Are we to deduce that the English :—(a) do not like them ; (b) are too lazy to grow them; or (c) have all run out of pencils ? A very useful book on the subject from, and by, our friend and adviser Mr. D. R. Hiatt, has arrived from America. He is a very keen " sprouter " and says :— " For pennies you can save dollars on your food budget and add hundreds of delectable new dishes to your fare. If you are not growing sprouts, you are neglecting one of the oldest and most interesting customs connected with food." He also reminds us that Vit. C develops more briskly if kept in the dark, but we find that we are liable to forget the frequent sprinkle unless they are handy and visible, so ours have to manage as best they can on the draining board. Most sprouts are at peak palatability and highest vitamin potency between 60 to 80 hours from planting. Soya beans, alfalfa and peas may grow to 2 incres in length, but grains are best if eaten when the sprout is only about the same length as the seed itself. Sunflower seeds especially become unpalatable if allowed to grow longer. The sprout of any food plant is edible, with the possible exception of tomato or potato, so there are hundreds of varieties to experiment with. . Mr. Hiatt calls our attention to the high nutritional value of what he calls " King Alfalfa." It contains, apparently, all the known vitamins, including Vits. D, K and B s , and others even more shy and fugitive ; also potassium, phosphorus, calcium and chlorophyll. Centuries ago the Arabs gave it the name Alfalfa, which means " Father of all Foods." To quote Mr. Hiatt again, " During the germinating period, the Vitamins C and B complex are reaching very high points. In the dry soya bean there is no Vit. C. Volume for volume, at 72 hours, the sprout is just about the most concentrated source of Vitamin C known. The record for peas, oats, corn, wheat, etc., is equally impressive." Many of our friends, otherwise sympathetic to our ideas, feel that vegetarianism necessitates the consumption of " made up " foods at what they describe as " high prices." Yet, for a very little trouble, we can get an abundance of nourishment for a few coppers. Surprise them ! NEWS AND COMMENT Our Next Issue. This will have articles relating to the soil and veganic food production. 18
Shoes. Members and friends interested in buying footwear produced from non-animal sources should write to Miss G. P. Aitkenhead, Stamford Lodge, Lees, Oldham, who is compiling a large list to show interested manufacturers. We regret the wrong spelling of her name in our Summer issue. Rules. It is proposed to revise the rules of the Society at the A.G.M. and your views on the proposals should be sent in to the Secretary before the meeting, along with any other ideas you may care to share. Christmas Cards. Many members help various societies at Christmastime by buying their cards from societies who thereby receive a percentage towards their funds. It is to be regretted that in recent years some of these cards have really been unattractive and considered by many to be unsuitable for their purpose. The Endsleigh Christmas cards advertised on another page are quite attractive and may be ordered with confidence. Why Kill For Food ? The indefatigable worker Mr. R. Lees has called our attention to the fact that The Vegan is not in the reading room of many public libraries, and what are we doing about it ? Have you approached your local library asking if they will include it ? We agree also with Mr. Lees who feels that Mr. Rudd's book, " Why Kill for Food ? " should be in every lending library. Mr. Lees reminds us that it is the right of every citizen to have it there on request, and continues :— " The idea is to have the book in at least 500 public libraries before Christmas, and this campaign has the approval of both The Vegetarian Society and The London Vegetarian Society. It only needs help from a few active vegetarians and vegans to ensure success at the cost of only a jew minutes of their time." It seems that the book is in only seven public libraries, and we must agree with Mr. Lees that this is a shameful state of affairs, denoting lethargy on our part. If you would like to help, and circulate friend eir district, please write to Mr. R. Lees, London, N.W.8, for free circulars. In any case, write to your own librarian and ask that the book be included in the lending library. Mr. Lees is anxious to know what success you have. Our Journal. Please do not hoard your copy of The Vegan, or throw it away. It is of little use if only vegans ever read it. Pass it on to someone who is interested—better still, someone who is not interested—yet ! The cost of producing this journal has, in common with all else, been rising steadily and relentlessly over the last few years. We can best continue its production and expansion by increasing our membership—and income. You are surrounded by good folk who have never heard of The Vegan Society. How about trying to put that right ? Someone will thank you for the introduction later. 19
If you want to keep your copy for future reference, and we hope you do, why not order an extra copy and give it to a different person every quarter ? This will cost about Id. per week over the year and could be the means of doubling the number of members in quite a short while. If you find any interest in the magazine we shall be pleased ito know. If you get, or have, criticisms, let us know about that also ! Co-opted Committee Member. At its last meeting in luly the Vegan Committee was pleased to appoint Frey R. Ellis, M.D.(Lond.), as a co-opted member. Dr. Ellis is very interested in our work and wishes to help it in any way he can. He is particularly interested in diet, and welcomes the news that a new Vegan Recipe Book is under way. The Animals' Fair. This is to be held at the Horticultural Old Hall, Vincent Square, S.W.I, on Friday and Saturday, December 1st and 2nd. Members with suitable goods and clothing for the Fair will find many most-deserving societies who will be only too pleased to receive gifts for their stalls, whilst all of us will be able to buy and choose from a very wide range of goods. Crusade Christmas Fair. This is to be held at the Queensway Hall (Baths Hall), Queensway, London, W.2, on Saturday, December 2nd. Parcels of saleable gifts should be sent to Crusade H.Q., 3 Woodfield Way, Bounds Green Road, London, N . l l . Hieosophical Order of Service—Animal Welfare Group. This group announces meetings as follows, at 50 Gloucester Place, London, W.l, at 7 p.m.: Friday, October 20th.—The Youth Group of the National Anti-Vivisection Society present the new film " Like Unto You." Guest speaker, Mr. W. Risdon, will speak on "A Memorial to a Famous Surgeon." Friday, November 10th.—The Lady Dowding and the " Beauty Without Cruelty " Committee present a show of simulated fur and other fashion wear. Apply for invitations to the Secretary, T.O.S. Animal Welfare Group. OBITUARY We regret to announce the passing of a member, Mrs. Wyon. She was going to Sydney to join her daughter and was taken ill on board ship and buried at sea. Animal lovers everywhere will regret the passing, too, of Dr. M. Beddow Bayly, that great worker against vivisection. On a visit to him years ago the Editor was amazed at his wonderful filing system where thousands of references were neatly kept in a room full of cabinets which enabled him to keep in touch with the latest happenings as reported by anti-vivisectionists all over the world. He was the author of many books and pamphlets, and a campaigner who was well trained and well informed and able to meet his opponents on any ground. He will be greatly missed. 20
READERS' LETTERBOX Dear Sir,—The Summer issue had a good letter by Edgar Hewlett. . . . In a recent picture in " L i f e " magazine, there appeared the new Archbishop of Canterbury surrounded by clergy, including one with a large noticeable pipe between his jaws. Why are some of your C. of E. types badly addicted to the use of tobacco ? This is a habit of millions of the world's population and a very tragic trend when we see countless women and teenagers overcome thus. As old Count Tolstoy said : " Why do men stupefy themselves ? " Why do you not place more weight on some of the ethical leadings that Veganism should play among the world's people ? As Tolstoy again said, " The world must become vegetarian before there can be peace and truly lasting goodwill " White Rock, B.C., Canada. A . J . AVERY B E L L . (Mr. Bell is a diviner of gold, silver, oil and water. He became vegetarian in 1912 and is now a vegan—Editor.) Dear Sir,—Although a vegan I am not a member of your Society and it may be a help to know my reasons. Three years ago I attended a meeting where several vegans were present and was shocked to see that more than half of them were wearing leather shoes and/or woollen garments. This was a great disappointment to me as I imagined that the members of your Society would have been more consistent in such matters. While appreciating that it is more difficult for some than for others, I believe that the vegan way of life is not impossible for anyone who has veganism at heart. Especially now that your Commodities pages have arranged a postal shopping plan for good, cheap vegan shoes. Perhaps by now, the position has improved, if not your commodities investigator must be tearing his hair in despair and frustration—or feel like giving it up. I have read, and heartily endorse, your " Reasons for Veganism " and look forward to the day when all your members are living examples of the vegan way of life. Southend-on-Sea. E. D. Dear Sir,—I find The Vegan an immense ihedp to tne, especially the commodity section, in guiding me towards purchasing products free from animal substances. This knowledge could not be obtained without a tremendous effort and the ordinary vegan thinker might well unwittingly encourage exploitation of animals in some form or another far more often, if it were not for this excellent and practical section. Croydon. R. B. 21
Dear Sir,—Please to allow me a remark to the quotation from " The Sunfood Way of Health " by Dougald Semple, page 24, of No. 4, Summer, 1961, of The Vegan. (1) J think there is a little misprint in the last line but two. We should read healing instead of heading. (Quite right —Editor). (2) As to the matter : Is it not a little too sharp to say, "when we supply the body with nothing but pure raw fruit and vegetables . . . " ? Pure water and pure air are as necessary as pure raw vegan food (as you will certainly agree). And above all : What is " pure " food ? Pure vegan food must be grown in a healthy soil, it must be fresh, and it must be free from acids. As to the latter item, I beg to call your attention to the Anti-Acid Method of the " Better Health Society " (founded by the U.S. chemist Fred W. Koch), 71, Goethestrasse. Kassel, Germany. Apply to them, if you want to know more about the A.A.M. Dr. K. JACKI. Freiburg (Breisgau), Germany. Dear Sir,—As a subscriber to The Vegan, and a vegetarian. I have read your article and other articles in the Summer number with interest. May I suggest that you write an article that deals with the following problem ? Rabbits are on the increase. My gardener shows me young plants that he planted one day with their tops all eaten off by the next morning. In fact he assures me that he will have a hard time to grow anything unless the rabbits are " kept down," and he trusts that the adjoining landowner, who owns most of 7,000 acres around here will do what is necessary. Now this means that vegetarians are only placing the murder of animals on other people's shoulders. In fact all it means seems to be that we avoid killing because others do it for us. I hear that Buddhists do not object to having dangerous dogs killed for them by Moslems. One answer to my problem might be to fence all round with wire netting, but that is very expensive both in material and labour. SAMUEL GURNEY. Swindon. (Editor's Note.—Readers are invited to send in their answers to this letter.)
22
QUOTES
" . . . The search (for Truth) is vain unless it is founded on Ahinsa as the basis."—Mahatma Gandhi. Abstinence from all animal products ; Harmlessness, as a Way of Life ; Innocence, of Thought, Word, and Deed ; Nature, the practice of Harmony therewith : Service to Mankind, and all of Creation ; Advancement of Knowledge and Truth. —From the President's Desk of The American Vegan Society. • * * * " But surely some animal protein is essential, so we must at least have milk." How many times have you heard something like this? Are you sure of the answer ? Send for the useful booklet. "Vegan Protein Nutrition," by John Heron. l/3d. post free from the hon. secretary.
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BROOK LINN.—Callander, Perthshire. Vegetarian and Vegan meals carefully prepared and attractively served. Comfortable guest house. Near Trossachs and Western Highlands. Mrs. Muriel Choffin. Callander 103. COMMUNITY O F VENERATION, Nadderwater, Exeter, Devon. Vegan meals a speciality. Peaceful country, convenient sea, city and moors. COTSWOLDS & CHELTENHAM SPA.—Hazel Garth, Noverton Avenue, Prestbury, Cheltenham, Glos. Convenient hills, parks, shops. Excellent transport. Ideal touring centre. Highest quality fare. Home baking and produce. H. & C. bedrooms. Every comfort. Mr. & Mrs. Willis. Tel. 7431. DORSET.—Mr. and Mrs. Cox, " Hai-An," Osmington, Weymouth. Tel.: Preston 3285. Small cottage. H. & c. Modern sanitation. Near sea and buses. Parking space. Vegans welcome. EASTBOURNE.—General nursing, convalescence, rest and nature-cure. Out-patients treated. Edgehill Vegetarian and Vegan Nursing Home, 6 Mill Road. Tel.: 627. EDSTONE, WOOTTON WAWEN, WARWICKSHIRE (near Stratford-onAvon).—Modern Nature Cure Resort and Guest House with every comfort, and compost-grown produce. (Phone : Claverdon 327.) LAKE DISTRICT. Rothay Bank, Grasmere. Attractice guest house for invigorating, refreshing holidays.—Write Isabel James. Tel.: 134. MAJORCA.—Charming flat for two offered. Vegetarian, non-smokers. All comforts. Tranquillity and beauty. Some meals pr arrangement. International stamp please. Mrs. Ritchie: ; Palma de Mallorca. N O R T H WALES.—Vegan and vegetarian guest house, nr. mountains and sea. Lovely woodland garden. Brochure from Jeannie and George Lake, Plas-y-Coed, Penmaen Park, Llanfairfechan. Tel.: 161. " WOODCOTE," Lei ant, St. Ives, Cornwall, is a high-class Vegetarian Food Reform Guest House in a warm and sheltered situation overlooking the Hayle Estuary. Composted vegetables; home-made wholewheat bread : vegans catered for knowledgeably. Mr. and Mrs. Woolfrey. Tel.: Hayle 3147. Early bookings for Summer very advisable.
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